NBase Communications NH2001M User Manual

Download

10/100 Connectivity Switch

MegaSwitch EZ

NH 2001M

INSTALLATION

AND

USER GUIDE

ML41931 Rev. 1.00

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Standards Compliance

UL 1950; CSA 22.2 No 950; VCCI; FCC Part 15 Class A; CE-89/336/EEC, 73/23/EEC

FCC Notice

WARNING: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.

The user is cautioned that changes and modifications made to the equipment without approval of the manufacturer could void the user’s authority to operate this equipment

It is suggested that the user use only shielded and grounded cables when appropriate to ensure compliance with FCC Rules.

CE Mark

The CE mark symbolizes compliance with the EMC directive of the European Community. Such marking is indicative that the specified equipment meets or exceeds the following technical standards:

• EN 55022 - “Limits and Methods of Measurement of Radio Interference Characteristics of Information

Technology Equipment”

• EN 50082-1 - “Electromagnetic compatibility -- Generic immunity standard Part 1: Residential, commercial and

light industry”

• IEC 1000-4-2 - “Electromagnetic compatibility for industrial-process measurement and control equipment

Part 2: Electrostatic discharge requirements” -- Severity level 3

• IEC 1000-4-3 - “Electromagnetic compatibility for industrial-process measurement and control equipment

Part 3: Radiated electromagnetic field requirements” -- Severity level 2

• IEC 1000-4-4 - “Electromagnetic compatibility for industrial-process measurement and control equipment

Part 4: Electrical fast transient/burst requirements” -- Severity level 2

• CISPR 22 - Radiated and Line-conducted Class A

• EN 60950 - ITE Safety

A “Declaration of Conformity”, in accordance with the above standards, has been made and is on file at NBase Communications Ltd.

VCCI

This equipment is in the 2nd Class category (information equipment to be used in a residential area or an adjacent area thereto) and conforms to the standards set by the Voluntary Control Council For Interference by Information Technology Equipment aimed at preventing radio interference in such residential area.

When used near a radio or TV receiver, it may become the cause of radio interference. Read the instructions for correct handling.

ATTENTION This product contains no user-serviceable parts. Unauthorized intervention

may void the warranty.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION .................................................................................1

Features.........................................................................................1

APPLICATIONS..................................................................................2

INSTALLATION AND SETUP ............................................................4

Installing the NH 2001M ................................................................4

Rack Mounting...............................................................................4

Front Panels ..................................................................................5

Panel Descriptions.........................................................................6

Power Connection .........................................................................6

Network Connections ....................................................................7

Connecting the Ethernet Devices ..................................................8

TROUBLESHOOTING........................................................................9

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS .......................................................11

Part II

OVERVIEW .........................................................................................13

NETWORK MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS ............................................14

ACCESSING THE SNMP AGENT......................................................15

Console Management....................................................................15

Setting Up and Starting the Local Console....................................15

Configuring the SNMP Agent.........................................................16

Logging into the Command Line Interface.....................................16

Setting the IP Address ...................................................................17

Testing the Installation...................................................................18

Accessing the Command Line Interface Remotely........................18

USING THE COMMAND LINE INTERFACE......................................19

Features of the Command Line Interface ......................................19

Entering Commands ......................................................................19

Command Line Interface Command Structure ..............................23

Console Commands ......................................................................24

help-kbd.....................................................................................24

banner .......................................................................................24

clear...........................................................................................24

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logout.........................................................................................25

set-page ....................................................................................25

set-prompt .................................................................................25

set-attr-prompt...........................................................................25

set-attr-msg ...............................................................................25

set-attr-text ................................................................................26

set-passwd ................................................................................26

System Commands .......................................................................27

sys-stat ......................................................................................27

get-stst-level ..............................................................................27

set-stst-level ..............................................................................28

warm-reset ................................................................................28

cold-reset...................................................................................28

get-last-err .................................................................................28

init-nvram...................................................................................28

get-sw-file..................................................................................28

set-sw-file ..................................................................................29

set-tftp-srvr ................................................................................29

get-tftp-srvr ................................................................................29

set-tftp-mode .............................................................................29

get-tftp-mode.............................................................................29

sw-dnld......................................................................................29

set-fg-param ..............................................................................30

start-fg .......................................................................................30

stop-fg .......................................................................................30

IP Commands ................................................................................31

IP Configuration .............................................................................31

get-ip .........................................................................................31

set-ip..........................................................................................31

get-ip-cfg ...................................................................................32

set-ip-cfg....................................................................................32

clear-ip-cfg.................................................................................33

get-gatew...................................................................................33

set-gatew...................................................................................33

get-arp-tbl..................................................................................34

add-arp-entry.............................................................................34

del-arp-entry..............................................................................34

ping............................................................................................35

ping-stop....................................................................................37

NBase Communications

NH2001M

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SNMP Commands .........................................................................38

SNMP Community String Commands ...........................................38

get-comm ..................................................................................38

set-comm...................................................................................38

SNMP Trap Message Commands .................................................3

get-auth .....................................................................................39

set-auth .....................................................................................39

get-traps ....................................................................................39

add-trap .....................................................................................40

del-trap ......................................................................................40

get-rmon-state...........................................................................40

Switching Database Commands....................................................41

Learning Table...............................................................................42

get-lt-entry .................................................................................42

get-lt-16 .....................................................................................43

find-lt-addr .................................................................................44

del-lt-entry .................................................................................45

del-lt-addr ..................................................................................45

add-lt-entry ................................................................................46

get-lt-age ...................................................................................46

set-lt-age ...................................................................................46

Port Monitoring ..............................................................................47

set-mon-port ..............................................................................47

monitor ......................................................................................47

stop-mon ...................................................................................47

get-nv-mon ................................................................................47

save-mon...................................................................................47

clear-nv-mon .............................................................................47

Port Configuration Commands ......................................................48

get-port-cfg................................................................................48

set-port-dplex ............................................................................48

set-speed-sel.............................................................................49

set-port-state .............................................................................49

Switching Statistics Commands.....................................................50

clr-cnt.........................................................................................50

get-eth-cnt .................................................................................50

get-colls-cnt ...............................................................................51

get-rmon-cnt ..............................................................................51

get-sdist-cnt...............................................................................51

get-mgm-brcnt ...........................................................................52

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Spanning Tree Commands............................................................53

get-stp .......................................................................................53

set-stp........................................................................................53

get-st-bcfg .................................................................................53

get-st-syscfg..............................................................................53

get-st-pcfg .................................................................................53

set-br-prio ..................................................................................54

set-br-maxage ...........................................................................54

set-br-hellot ...............................................................................54

set-br-fwdel................................................................................54

set-prt-prio .................................................................................55

set-prt-enb .................................................................................55

set-prt-pcost ..............................................................................55

Command Line Reference.............................................................56

USING AN SNMP MANAGER............................................................59

Configuring the NH 2001M with an SNMP Agent..........................59

Global Setup ..................................................................................59

IP Setup ........................................................................................60

SNMP Setup ..................................................................................61

TROUBLESHOOTING........................................................................62

APPENDIX A - SOFTWARE DOWNLOADING..................................63

APPENDIX B - SYSTEM DEFAULT VALUES ..................................64

NBase Communications

NH2001M

This document and the information contained herein are proprietary to NBase and are furnished to the recipient solely for use in operating, maintaining and repairing NBase equipment. The information within may not be utilized for any purpose except as stated herein, and may not be disclosed to third parties without written permission from NBase. NBase reserves the right to make changes to any technical specifications in order to improve reliability, function or design.

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NH2001M

NBase Communications

INTRODUCTION

The NBase NH2001M switches are stand alone, dual port Ethernet/Fast Ethernet units suitable for a variety of connectivity applications. Serving as a cost-effective means for enabling 10/100Mbps and 100/100Mbps switching, the series extends the diameter of Fast Ethernet networks up to 110 km.

The NH2001M is available in both a UTP and a F/O version. Each copper port on the NH2001M switches offers IEEE standard NWay auto-negotiation and is configurable for either half duplex, for a 10/100Mbps shared connection, or full duplex, for a 20/200Mbps point-to-point collision-free connection. Each fiber port is configurable for a 100Mbps half/full duplex connection.

The NH 2001M is managed through MegaVision, the comprehensive NBase NMS, any SNMP-compatible NMS, or through the CLI commands. The switch utilizes self-learning of network addresses, and filters local traffic, collisions and error packets.

Superior engineering, versatility, compact design and flexible media choices all contribute to the outstanding performance of the NH2001M switches.

Features

Standards Complies with IEEE 802.3 and IEEE 802.3u

standards

Connectors UTP, multimode or singlemode DSC connectors

Distances Up to 110km over singlemode fiber

Duplex modes Full/Half duplex operation on all ports and speeds

Auto-speed sensing Automatic speed configuration (UTP only)

Versatility Plug-and-play installation and support for all

network operating systems and protocols

Diagnostics Status LEDs depict switch operations for easy

maintenance

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NBase Communications

NH2001M

APPLICATIONS

Figures 1 to 3 illustrate some of the various application possibilities of the NH2001M Ethernet to Fast Ethernet switches. Connections can include 10Mbps and 100Mbps servers, a Fast Ethernet backbone, 10 or 100Mbps hubs or individual stations, all functioning in half/full duplex mode. Connectivity is possible over 10Base-T/100Base-TX UTP and 100Base-FX fiber. The various fiber modules offer distance extensions in a 2km to 110km range.

Figure 1: Application possibilities - NH 2001MTP

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NBase Communications

Figure 2: Application possibilities - NH 2001MFO

One SM Fiber Port/ One Copper Port

Figure 3: Application possibilities - Dual Fiber NH 2001MFO

Left Port - MM Connection; Right Port - SM Connection

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NBase Communications

NH2001M

INSTALLATION and SETUP

The NH 2001M can operate as a stand-alone unit or in conjunction with any of NBase’s other Ethernet offerings. The managed version can be controlled through NBase MegaVision software, or any SNMP-compatible NMS, as well as through CLI.

Installing the NH 2001M

This section outlines the installation and operation of the NH 2001M. The NH 2001M comes with 19” rack-mounting for two units. However, it can

be placed in either a rack mount, using the enclosed rack-mount brackets, or on a secure flat surface. Ensure that the unit is within reach of the necessary connections (i.e. power outlet, Ethernet connections, and, if the NH 2001M will be monitored via the serial port, a PC or UNIX workstation). The unit is powered by a wide-range power supply for either 110 or 220 VAC operation.

WARNING Free air flow must be maintained in order to permit adequate

cooling of the unit. All FAN holes MUST be unobstructed.

Rack Mounting

If rack-mounted units are installed in a closed or multi-rack assembly, they may require further evaluation by Certification Agencies. The following items must be considered:

1. The ambient temperature within the rack may be greater than room ambient temperature. Installation should be such that the amount of air flow required for safe operation is not compromised. The maximum temperature for equipment in this environment is 40°C. Consideration should be given to the maximum rated ambient temperature.

2. Installation should be such that a hazardous stability condition is not inadvertently created due to uneven loading.

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NH2001M

NBase Communications

Front Panels

The front panels of the NH 2001M modules are illustrated below. Following are explanations of the components, LEDs and their functions. A sticker on the back panel of each NH 2001MFO module identifies the fiber port(s) as multimode or singlemode fiber. In addition, a sticker on the front panel of each dual-fiber NH 2001MFO module identifies the left port as multimode and the right port as singlemode fiber.

Figure 4: Front Panel View NH 2001MTP

Figure 5: Front Panel View NH 2001MFO

Figure 6: Front Panel View NH 2001MFO

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Panel Descriptions

1 Copper Port (NH 2001MTP) With RJ-45 connector

F/O Port (NH 2001MFO) With DSC connector

2, 4 LEDs for Items 1 and 5

RX Data is being received from a connected hub or

NIC card

LINK Indicates connection to another switch, a hub or

NIC

COL/FD Bi-color LED: (yellow) port is in collision state/

(green) port is configured for full duplex mode

100 Port is configured for 100Mbps (UTP port only)

3 DB-9 Connector RS-232 connection for management through CLI

5 Copper Port With RJ-45 connector

Power Connection

The power cord is the main disconnect device. It should be plugged into an easily accessible outlet. A built-in power supply automatically adjusts to any outlet providing between 90 VAC and 264 VAC at 50/60 Hz.

For a 115 volt configuration, the power cord to be used is minimum type SJT (SVT) 18/3, rated 250 Volts AC, 10 Amps with a maximum length of 15 feet. One end is terminated in an IEC 320 attachment plug, the other in a NEMA 515P plug.

The power cord to be used with a 230 Volt configuration is minimum type SJT (SVT) 18/3, rated 250 Volts AC, 10 Amps with a maximum length of 15 feet. One end is terminated in an IEC 320 attachment plug. The other end is terminated as required by the country where it will be installed.

NBase Communications

NH2001M

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Le cable de transport d’energie que doit etre utilisé la configuration 230 Volts est le type minimum SJT (SVT) 18/3, nominal 250 Volts AC, 10 Amps, 4.5m long maximum. Un bout est raccorde comme exige par le pays ou il sera utilisé.

Das Netzkabel ist das hauptsachliche Diskonnektionsmittel, es sollte in eine leicht erreichbare steckdos gesteckt werden. Das Netzkabel kann mit einer 230 Volts Konfiguration verwonder werden vom typ: Minimum VDE or HAR, 3 X 1.00 mm2, 250 VAC, 10 Amps, maximal 4.5m long. Ein Ende ontspriche dem Stecker IEC 320. Das andere Ende entspricht den Anfoderungen des entsprechenden Landes.

Input Supply

Check nameplate ratings to assure there is no overloading of supply circuits that could have an effect on overcurrent protection and supply wiring.

Grounding

Reliable earthing of this equipment must be maintained. Particular attention should be given to supply connections when connecting to power strips, rather than direct connections to the branch circuit.

Network Connections

The cable connections to the 10/100Base-TX ports are over UTP/STP Category 5 cable. Cable length is limited to 100 meters on each port. STP cable carries a higher quality of signal and is less sensitive to environmental noise. The cable connections to the 100Base-FX ports are fiber optic.

NH2001M

NBase Communications

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Connecting the Ethernet Devices

The 10/100Base-TX and 100Base-FX ports on the NH 2001M are designed to be connected directly to a server or PC, using a standard straight through patch cable. In order to cascade switches or connect a hub to the switch, a crossover cable must be used.

Figure 5: Straight cable connection between an NH 2001M and a

server/PC (MDI)

Figure 6: Crossover cable connection between an NH 2001M and

another NH 2001M/hubs (MDI-X)

NBase Communications

NH2001M

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TROUBLESHOOTING

The NH2001M are highly reliable units. However, if operating problems occur, follow the troubleshooting steps below. If you find that the problem persists, contact your local NBase representative.

1. Symptom None of the LEDs lights or blinks.

Cause The module is defective.

Action Replace the module.

2. Symptom The LINK LED does not light where: Copper Port

a) The port is configured through software for 10Mbps, no

auto-speed sensing, with a connection to a 10Mbps PC adaptor. b) The port is configured through software for 100Mbps, no

auto-speed sensing, with a connection to a 100Mbps PC adaptor. c) The port is configured through software for 10Mbps, no

auto-speed sensing, with a connection to a 10Mbps hub. d) The port is configured through software for 100Mbps, no

auto-speed sensing, with a connection to a 100Mbps hub.

Cause a to d) Cable is not suitable or not connected securely.

Action Check cable connections in all four cases.

Fiber Port

a) The NH2001MFO port is connected to the F/O port of any

100Mbps hub or switch.

Cause a) F/O cable is not connected securely.

b) NH2001M unit is defective.

Action a) Check cable connections.

b) Replace the NH2001MFO unit.

NH2001M

NBase Communications

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3. Symptom Copper port is configured through software to 100Mbps, half/full duplex; 100 LED does not light.

Cause a) 100 LED is non-functional.

Action a) Replace the unit.

4. Symptom COL/FD LED does not light Green where copper/fiber port is configured through software to full duplex (with/without auto-negotiation).

Cause a) COL/FD LED is non-functional.

Action a) Replace the unit.

If you encounter any situations or problems you cannot solve, obtain, if possible, the following information:

• The serial number of your switch, the HW/SW versions, and its hardware

address

• The configuration of the equipment being interfaced with the switch

• The sequence of events leading up to your problem

• Troubleshooting procedures you have already followed

After compiling the above information, contact your local NBase representative or a Customer Service Representative. In addition, if you have specific questions about your network configuration, or have a particularly difficult network, please call our technical support.

Tel: (972) 4-993-6200, (972) 4-993-6271 or (972) 4-993-6257 Fax: (972) 4 989-2743 E-mail: support@nbase.co.il

NBase Communications

NH2001M

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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Compatibility IEEE 802.3; IEEE 802.3u (Fast Ethernet Standard) Optical

NH2001MFO/FOR Model FO/M FO/S1 FO/S2 FO/SX FO/SY FO/SZ Distances (km) 0 - 2 0 - 18 17 - 40 40 - 60 45 - 85 85 -110

Fiber Mode MM SM SM SM SM SM Wavelength 1300 1300 1300 1300 1300 1550 Fiber Attenuation (dB) 3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.2

Optical Power Budget (dB) 11 to 16 11 to 16 20 to 23 27 to 33 35 to 38 33 to 37

Connectors

UTP RJ-45 Fiber DSC multimode / singlemode

Electrical

Voltage 100 - 240 VAC Frequency 50 - 60 Hz Current 1 amp max at 220V

Diagnostics

RX Green ON indicates receive data from a connected hub or NIC card LINK Green ON when another 10Base-T hub or NIC is connected to the port COL / FD Yellow/Green Bi-color LED indicates (Yellow) port is in a collision state /

(Green) port is configured for full duplex communication

100 (UTP) Green ON indicates port configured for 100Mbps

Physical

H x W x D 1U x 205 x 251 mm 1.75” x 8.07” x 9.88” Weight 1 kg 2.25 lb Mounting 19” rack-mounting for up to 2 units

Environment

Operating Temperature 0°C to 40°C 32°F to 104°F Storage Temperature -10°C to 50°C 14°F to 122°F

Humidity 85% maximum, non-condensing

Standards Compliance UL-1950; CSA 22.2 No 950; VCCI; FCC Part 15 Class A;

CE - 89/336/EEC, 73/23/EEC

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NBase Communications

NH2001M

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NH2001M

NBase Communications

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NH 2001M

ADMINISTRATIVE

INTERFACE

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NH 2001M

NBase Communications

OVERVIEW

The NH 2001M contains a built-in SNMP agent running on the SNMP Processor Board. This allows each unit to be managed from a centralized management station via any SNMP-compliant NMS.

The SNMP agent software complies with the following standards:

• RFC 1155 - The Structure of Management Information (SMI) for TCP/IP

Based Internets, May 1990

• RFC 1212 - The Management Information Base I (MIB I)

• RFC 1213 - The Management Information Base II (MIB II), March 1991.

• RFC 1284 - The Ethernet MIB

• RFC 1286 - The Bridge MIB

• RFC 1757 - The RMON MIB

The NH 2001M also supports two NBase private MIBs: switch.mib and gswitch.mib.

The SNMP agent utilizes UDP/IP (RFC 768, RFC950, RFC1071 and RFC791) as OSI layers 3 and 4 protocols, ICMP (RFC792) and ARP (RFC826) to complete the UDP/IP protocol suite.

The UDP/IP stack implementation is conformant to:

• RFC 1122 - Requirements for Internet hosts - communication layers.

• RFC 1123 - Requirements for Internet hosts - application and support

The NH 2001M may be managed by any SNMP Manager that conforms to the above standards. It may be fully managed by MegaVision, NBase’s multiplatform network management system. For more information on MegaVision, view our web site, or contact NBase for a data sheet.

The NH 2001M implements an NBase Enterprise MIB and an NBase Product MIB that may be provided upon request.

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NH 2001M

NBase Communications

NETWORK MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

Network management functions greatly assist in monitoring and controlling your network. The NH 2001M can be monitored and controlled through MegaVision or through a generic SNMP-based NMS. The connection to the NH 2001M may be achieved through Ethernet.

To enable management of an NH 2001M device, the user must define the device and provide specific parameters to establish communication. The Describe window is used to define a new device or to change the parameters of a previously defined device.

The NH 2001M can also be configured and managed through the Command Line Interface. The process is described in detail in the following pages.

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NH 2001M

NBase Communications

ACCESSING THE SNMP AGENT

Console Management

This section describes how to use the console services to configure and manage the NH 2001M.

To access the console, connect a terminal to the NH 2001M’s RS-232 DB-9 connector.

Setting Up and Starting the Local Console

System Requirements

Hardware Requirements

• NH 2001M unit

• Either a VT100 terminal or a VT100 terminal emulator running on a workstation or PC

• Cross RS-232 cable with a 9-pin female D-subminiature connector on each

end to attach to the VT terminal or VT100 terminal emulator.

Software Requirements

If you are using a workstation, use the VT100 terminal emulation software appropriate for your workstation.

If you are using a PC to emulate a VT100 terminal, you can use the following software:

• In a DOS environment: - MS-DOS 3.30 or later

- PROCOMM PLUS for DOS

• In a Windows environment: - Microsoft Windows 3.1 or later

- Windows Terminal or PROCOMM PLUS for Windows

NOTE Because of their compatibility and reliability, the software combination

listed above are recommended. Other applications may also provide satisfactory results.

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NH 2001M

NBase Communications

VT100 Terminal Settings

Use the following settings when connecting the VT100 terminal or terminal emulator to the NH 2001M

• Press the Setup key (identified on the screen’s prompt bar) and set the parameter values as follows:

General Setup

- VT100 Mode

- Application Keypad

Communications Setup

- 9600 (baud)

- No Parity

- 8 Data Bits, one Stop Bit

- No Local Echo

• Terminate the setup session by keying Ctrl-C

Configuring the SNMP Agent

Logging into the Command Line Interface

The CLI is protected against usage by inappropriate personnel. To access the CLI the Network Administrator has to provide his name and a password.

Please Login username: don password: (not echoed)

As configured at the factory the password consists of a null string. To enter the first time, just press Enter. Once you have logged into the CLI you may change the password in order to avoid undesired access.

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NH 2001M

NBase Communications

Setting the IP Address

To manage the NH 2001M using an SNMP Network Management Application or to use the ping command to test the switch, it is necessary to assign an IP address, a netmask and a broadcast address. The IP address should be assigned by the Network Administrator in accordance with the existing IP network.

Set the IP configuration with the “set-ip-cfg” command.

SYS_console> set-ip-cfg 192.1.1.64 255.255.255.0 192.1.1.255

NOTE If the switch has no IP Address, then the provided IP Configuration will

change the running parameters as well as the NVRAM-based database. If the switch was already configured for the actual session, the parameters will change only the NVRAM database. In order to use these new parameters it is necessary to reset the Switch, using the <warm-reset> command.

You may also use the “set-ip” command, eg:

set-ip 192.1.1.64

In this case, the Agent will automatically determine the netmask and broadcast address.

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NBase Communications

Testing the Installation

After you have completed the installation and configured the IP address, use the CLI ping command to test for connectivity.

The ping command sends an echo request to the host specified in the command line. For example, to test connectivity from the switch to a workstation with an IP address of 194.90.136.126, use the following command:

SYS_console>ping 194.90.136.126 2

Use ping-stop to stop the ping process

SYS_console>194.90.136.126 Alive. echo reply: id 4643, seq 1, echo-data-len 0

194.90.136.126 Alive. echo reply: id 4643, seq 2, echo-data-len 0 PING process stopped - statistics :

ICMP echo requests : 2 ICMP echo responses : 2

PING process - press <CR> for prompt

Accessing the Command Line Interface Remotely

After configuring the IP address of the switch, the CLI can be accessed remotely through telnet. All commands work exactly as if the serial interface were being used. Five telnet sessions may be active at any given time. This means that after the fifth telnet session is established, all other telnet connections will be refused until one of the current sessions is closed.

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NBase Communications

USING THE COMMAND LINE INTERFACE

This chapter provides instructions for using the NH 2001M Command Line Interface.

Features of the Command Line Interface

The Command Line Interface provides the following:

• Configuration of system parameters, including the console’s parameters

• Configuration of the switch’s SNMP Agent parameters

• Configuration of the ports’ parameters

• Network performance monitoring

• Spanning Tree operations

Entering Commands

Enter commands by typing the command name followed by zero or more parameters and pressing <enter>. For example, typing <banner> <enter> at the command prompt displays the Administrative Interface logo.

Items typed in courier are to be typed literally, or read directly from the screen.

Italicized items are variables and represent values. For example, <IPaddress> represents an IP address in dotted decimal notation as 123.1.2.3.

Items in the Times New Roman font (this font) appearing on a line are hints to the user (not actually displayed on the screen).

Items in { } and separated by | represent alternatives for the argument.

get-comm {read | write | *}

means you can type one of:

get-comm read get-comm write get-comm *

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If you enter a command incorrectly, a message is displayed indicating the type of error that occurred. For example, typing a nonexistent command gives the following message:

SYS_console> pin command <pin> not found

If the command exists but the number of parameters is incorrect, the following message is displayed:

SYS_console> ping too few arguments

To get an explanation of the command’s parameters add a question mark (?) after the command name:

SYS_console> ping ? ? ping IP traffic generator

[arg #0] destination IP address [arg #1] number of packets to send or 0 for endless ping

SYS_console> ping _

Note that the command is reprinted after the prompt, and the user has only to add the necessary parameters. If a question mark is added after the first parameter, then the same explanation is provided, and the previous command, including the provided parameters, is redisplayed.

SYS_console> ping 129.1.1.7 ? ? ping IP traffic generator

[arg #0] destination IP address [arg #1] number of packets to send or 0 for endless

ping

SYS_console> ping 129.1.1.7

The Command Line Interface provides a history of the last commands. In order to obtain the last command in the the command history, press <!> or CTRL-P at the prompt .

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To correct a command line you may use the following special keys (see the

help-kbd command):

· <!> or CTRL-P - for the previous command

· CTRL-W - to delete the previous word

· CTRL-U - to erase the entire line

When, as a result of a command, more than one screen-full of text is to be printed, the user may continue to scroll or stop the process.

SYS_console>system

System related commands

----------------------------------------------------------------sys-stat show system status get-stst-level show the selftest level set-stst-level change the selftest level warm-reset warm reset of the device cold-reset cold reset of the device get-last-err displays information about the last fatal error init-nvram initialize NVRAM to default values get-sw-file retrieves the SNMP Agent Software file name set-sw-file sets the SNMP Agent Software file name - for

download get-tftp-srvr retrieves the TFTP download server IP address set-tftp-srvr sets the TFTP download server IP address set-tftp-mode sets the TFTP download mode get-tftp-mode retrieves the TFTP download mode sw-dnld software download BY TFTP set-fg-param sets the Ethernet frame generator parameters start-fg starts the Ethernet frame generator stop-fg stop the Ethernet frame generator

--Hit any key for more... ('q'- for quit, Esc- for paging

cancel)

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Finally, the user may press <?> to see the list of commands which start with the text he has already typed, eg:

User pressed <?>

SYS_console>get-c? ? command 'get-c' not found

Commands matching <get-c>

----------------------------------------------------------------get-comm show current read or/and write community get-colls-cnt gets the collision distribution counters per port

SYS_console>get-co

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Command Line Interface Command Structure

The Command Line Interface has several categories of commands:

• Console related commands: help, banner, console parameters setup, etc.

• System related commands: reset commands, download commands,

initialize the NVRAM with defaults, etc.

• IP commands: parameter setup, parameter and information display, etc.

• SNMP agent related commands: parameter setup, management and traps

options

• Switching Database related commands: aging time management and

Switching Database entry management

• Port Monitoring related commands

• Port Configuration related commands

• Switching statistics commands

• Spanning Tree related commands

See the quick reference at the end of this chapter for a command list separated by subject.

Typing ? at the CLI prompt displays a list of all the available command topics and a short explanation about each. Typing in one of the names on this list will yield a list of the commands under that topic.

SYS_console> ?

Commands groups are:

------------console Console related commands

system System related commands ip IP related commands snmp SNMP related commands switch-db Switching Database related commands mon-port Port monitoring related commands port-cfg Port Configuration related commands statistics Switching Statistics related commands sp-tree Spanning Tree related commands

-------------------------------------------------------------use ! for prev. cmd, ^U to clear line, ^W to clear previous word

------------------------------------------------------------SYS_console>

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Console Commands

The console commands contain a set of commands which allow the user to configure the CLI parameters and user interface. To view the console commands, type <console>.

help-kbd

This command lists the console function keys.

SYS_console>help-kbd

----------------------------------------------------^U (or Escape) - clear the line ^W - clear the previous word ! or ^p - for previous command TAB - for command completion ? - help, depending on position:

in 1st column - list of the categorie

in command - list of parameters

in parameters - list of the parameters

# - with line number - repeat command from history,

for example: #26 without line number - show history list

-----------------------------------------------------

SYS_console> Note: ^ = CTRL Key

banner

The banner command will display the MegaSwitch NBase Administrative Interface logo.

clear

The clear command will clear the screen and display the prompt.

The login command will exit the Administrative Interface, but will not disconnect a Telnet session. This allows the user to test a password (or other activity) without reconnecting.

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logout

The logout command will finish the actual Administrative Interface session. Any further access will request the user to login again.

set-page

This command sets the console page: page size in lines 5...127 or 0 for no paging.

set-prompt

set-prompt <

new_prompt

The set-prompt command allows the user to set a new command line prompt for the CLI. With the prompt command, you can set a more meaningful prompt, such as a location of the switch, or the name of a workgroup. The default prompt is SYS_console>, and SYS_telnet> if the connection was made through telnet.

SYS_console> set-prompt R&D_grp> R&D_grp> _

set-attr-prompt

This command sets the prompt attributes.

Usage: SYS_consol> set-attr-prompt <

number of option

> [arg #0] options: 0-normal,1-bold,2-underline,4-blink,8-reverse SYS_consol>

set-attr-msg

This command sets the message display attributes.

Usage: set-attr-msg <

number of option

> [arg #0] options: 0-normal,1-bold,2-underline,4-blink,8-reverse SYS_consol>

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set-attr-text

This command sets the text display attributes.

Usage: set-attr-msg <

number of option

> [arg #0] options: 0-normal,1-bold,2-underline,4-blink,8-reverse SYS_consol>

set-passwd

The console requires the user to enter a password in order to log in, preventing unauthorized access. The set-passwd command allows the user to change the console password. The system first prompts the user for the original password. Then the user is asked to input a new password, and then type it again for verification. At no time are any of the passwords echoed back to the user.

If the user enters the old password incorrectly or fails to verify the new password correctly, the password will not be changed.

SYS_console>set-passwd SYS_console>

Enter old password:

Enter new password:

Enter new password again:

Error : different new passwords

If the password change succeeds, the system will respond accordingly.

SYS_console>set-passwd SYS_console>

Enter old password:

Enter new password:

Enter new password again:

CLI running password changed CLI password change in the NVRAM OK

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System Commands

The System Commands allow the user to display and set the system-related parameters.

sys-stat

The sys-stat command displays general status information about the Ethernet Switch and its SNMP Agent Hardware and Software:

SYS_console>sys-stat

NBase Switch NH-2001M Megaswitch G SNMP Agent Software - Version 2.02 Mon Aug 18 12:34:35 1997 SNMP Object ID is : < 1.3.6.1.4.1.211.1.127.110.11.6.1 > System MAC Address : 00-00-1A-01-05-E4 Switching Data Base Size: 8192 entries Total uptime(hundredths of seconds ): 12145

Total uptime(days, hh:mm:ss format): 0 days, 0:02:01.45

i/f 1 -- description [Port 1 - 10/100 BaseTx ETHERNET Port] -- status [UP] i/f 2 -- description [Port 2 - 10/100 BaseTx ETHERNET Port] -- status [UP] SYS_console>

The screen displays the following information:

• The device name and type

• The SNMP Agent Software version and release date

• The device SNMP Object ID

• The device MAC Address

• The Switching Data Base size

• The system uptime in 1/100 sec as well as in days, hours, minutes and seconds

• The interfaces description and status

get-stst-level

This command shows the self-test level (Disable or Enable) of the device. Default value: Enable

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set-stst-level

Usage:

set-stst-level

<level>

This command shows the self-test level of the switch. There are two levels of self-test: Disable and Enable. The self-test level is stored in NVRAM.

warm-reset

The warm-reset command resets the SNMP Agent software. The Switch configuration is changed according to the values stored in the NVRAM. This command will permit the user to refresh the Switch configuration after a change of the NVRAM parameters. The statistics counters are also reset by the warm-reset command.

cold-reset

This command causes the switch to cold-reset. Cold reset is equivalent to power cycling the Switch.

get-last-err

This command retrieves the most recent system failure for diagnostic purposes.

SYS_console> get-last-err

System information since the last hardware reset

---------------------------------------------------Software resets number : 0

The system never encountered a fatal error SYS_console> _

init-nvram

This command resets the non-volatile RAM on the SNMP Agent to default values. change will take effect after boot (warm or cold reset).

get-sw-file

This command retrieves the SNMP Agent Software file name.

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set-sw-file

Usage:

set-sw-file <

filename

Sets the name of the file downloaded by TFTP. This name must match the name of the agent software file on the TFTP server.

get-tftp-srvr

This command retrieves the IP address of the TFTP server which the Agent will use to download software (see sw-dnld).

set-tftp-srvr

Usage:

set-tftp-srvr < IP address>

Sets the IP address of the TFTP server used for uploading and downloading.

set-tftp-mode

This command sets the TFTP download mode.

Usage:

SYS_consol> set-tftp-mode {client|server}

Switch Tftp client/server is enabled for next download.

get-tftp-mode

This command retrieves the TFTP download mode and requires no argument.

sw-dnld

This command begins the software download process to the TFTP server specified by the set-tftp-srvr command, retrieving the file specified by the set-rsw-file command.

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set-fg-param

Usage:

set-fg-param

This command sets the frame generator parameters.

dest

and

source

are

dash-separated hardware addresses in hex.

fill_byte

is a single byte used to

fill the entire packet except for the first 12 bytes.

length

is the total length of

the packet excluding CRC.

start-fg

Usage:

start-fg

This command starts frame generation.

dport

is a dash-separated list of ports

on which to generate traffic. For example, a

dport

of 1-2 will send frames to

ports 1,2.

count

specifies the number of frames to send on each interface. A

count

of 0 specifies an infinite number of packets.

rate

specifies the number

of packets per second to generate.

stop-fg

This command stops the Ethernet frame generator.

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IP Commands

This section lists the IP Configuration commands available to the command line interface. It is separated into different sections to allow simpler lookup: IP Configuration lists general configuration commands, Ping lists commands pertaining to the ping ability of the Agent, Address Resolution Protocol lists ARP-related information.

IP Configuration

get-ip

This command shows the device’s current IP address, if any.

SYS_console> get-ip -- no IP Config defined

The device has no IP Address defined

SYS_console> _

SYS_console> get-ip -- IP Config already defined

The device IP address is: 129.001.001.064

SYS_console> _

set-ip

Usage: set-ip

Sets the IP address of the SNMP Agent. If no IP address was previously set (as is the default factory configuration), the new value will be used immediately and saved into NVRAM. Otherwise the new value will only be stored in the NVRAM, and the user must execute a “warm-reset” to effect the change.

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get-ip-cfg

This shows the complete current IP configuration - address, network mask and broadcast address.

SYS_console> get-ip-cfg -- no address defined

The device has no IP Address defined

SYS_console>

SYS_console> get-ip-cfg --

address previously defined

The device IP address, netmask and broadcast are:

IP address : 129.001.001.064 IP netmask : 255.255.255.000 IP broadcast : 129.001.001.000

set-ip-cfg

Usage: set-ip-cfg <IPaddress> <netmask> <broadcast>

Sets IP address, network IP address and broadcast IP address. If no IP configuration was previously set (as is the default factory configuration), the new values will be used immediately and saved into NVRAM. If a previous IP configuration was being used, the new configuration will be saved in NVRAM for the next session. In order to use the newly defined values immediately, reset the system using the “warm-reset” command.

NOTE If the IP configuration is not specified, the agent will not respond to any

in-band requests, including ping messages.

-- No IP Config. defined

SYS_console>set-ip-cfg 194.90.136.187 255.255.255.0

255.255.255.255 Device IP Address set for this session Device IP Address change in the NVRAM OK

The device NVRAM IP configuration will be:

IP address : 194.090.136.187 IP netmask : 255.255.255.000 IP broadcast : 255.255.255.255

SYS_console>

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-- IP Config. already defined

SYS_console>set-ip-cfg 194.90.136.187 255.255.255.0

255.255.255.255 Device IP address unchanged for this session Device IP Address change in the NVRAM OK

The device NVRAM IP configuration will be:

IP address : 194.090.136.187 IP netmask : 255.255.255.000 IP broadcast : 255.255.255.255

SYS_console>

Perform a warm-reset to immediately use the newly defined parameters.

clear-ip-cfg

This command clears the IP configuration in the NVRAM.

Usage: SYS_console>clear-ip-cfg

Device IP Configuration change in the NVRAM cleaned OK

get-gatew

Shows default gateway. This command shows which default route will be used to access a different IP network.

Usage: SYS_console>get-gatew

The default gateway address is : 194.090.136.254

SYS_console>

set-gatew

Sets the default gateway IP Address. This command lets you specify the address of the router used to access a different IP network. The default value for the default gateway IP address is 0.0.0.0

Usage: set-gatew

SYS_console>set-gatew 194.90.136.254

Device Default Gateway change in the NVRAM OK Device Default Gateway changed to : 194.90.136.254

SYS_console>

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Address Resolution Commands

get-arp-tbl

Shows ARP table. The ARP table contains information relating IP addresses to MAC addresses and interface numbers.

Usage: SYS_console>get-arp-tbl IfIndex IpAddress MAC Address ===================================================

2 194.090.136.126 00-20-AF-C9-EB-23

SYS_console>

del-arp-entry

Usage:

del-arp-entry

{<IPaddress>|*}

Deletes entries from the ARP table. If an IP address is specified, the matching arp entry will be deleted. If * is specified, the entire ARP table will be flushed. This command should be used if the network topology has physically changed, e.g. if a management station has been moved from one segment to another, thus changing its interface number.

add-arp-entry

Add entry to ARP table

Usage:

add-arp-entry

SYS_console>add-arp-entry 194.90.136.133 00-11-22-33-44-55 1

ARP Table Entry succesfully added SYS_console>get-arp-tbl IfIndex IpAddress MAC Address ===================================================

1 194.090.136.133 00-11-22-33-44-55 2 194.090.136.126 00-20-AF-C9-EB-23

SYS_console>

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Ping Commands

Ping

Usage:

ping <IPaddress> {<number>|0}

Ping IP

address number

times or 0 for endless ping. The ping process starts

sending one datagram per second until

number

datagrams are sent. It prints one line of output for every response that it receives. The ping command does not return any output if there is no response. Normal response time is 1 to 10 seconds.

The ping command is intended for testing the connectivity between the switch and an IP station. It is not intended as a traffic generator. Thus, using the endless ping option is not recommended.

If you started a “long” ping, issue a ping-stop command to stop it.

successful ping of a reachable host

SYS_console>ping 194.90.136.20 4

Use ping-stop to stop the ping process

SYS_console>194.90.136.20 Alive. echo reply: id 4643, seq 1,

echo-data-len 0

194.90.136.20 Alive. echo reply: id 4643, seq 2, echo-data-len 0

194.90.136.20 Alive. echo reply: id 4643, seq 3, echo-data-len 0

194.90.136.20 Alive. echo reply: id 4643, seq 4, echo-data-len 0

PING process stopped - statistics :

ICMP echo requests : 4 ICMP echo responses : 4

PING process - press <CR> for prompt

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-- unsuccessful ping of a host

SYS_console>ping 194.90.136.23 4

Use ping-stop to stop the ping process

SYS_console> PING process stopped - statistics :

ICMP echo requests : 4 ICMP echo responses : 0

PING process - press <CR> for prompt

If the host does not respond, only statistics are printed. Failure to get an echo response from a host may be due to:

• A bad physical connection

• A non-existent or inactive host

• Network Unreachable: no corresponding entry in the routing table

• Destination Unreachable: the default gateway failed to route the datagram

• Outdated ARP table information - flush the ARP table with the del-arp-

entry

command.

If there is an active ping process due to a previous “long” ping command and you try to start a new ping, the command fails and an error message is displayed.

For example, start an endless ping to an unreachable host. No response will be received. Now try to ping an existing host. The second ping will fail because the first one is still active. The solution is to use the ping-stop command to stop the first active ping process.

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-- host 194.90.136.21 is reachable

SYS_console>ping 194.90.136.20 0

Use ping-stop to stop the ping process

SYS_console>ping 194.90.136.21 1 A ping process is active - can't start another one SYS_console>ping-stop PING process stopped - statistics :

ICMP echo requests : 35

ICMP echo responses : 0 PING process - press <CR> for prompt SYS_console> SYS_console>ping 194.90.136.21 1

Use ping-stop to stop the ping process

Alive. echo reply: id 4643, seq 1, echo-data-len 0 PING process stopped - statistics :

ICMP echo requests : 1

ICMP echo responses : 1

PING process - press <CR> for prompt

ping-stop

Stop the active ping process.

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SNMP Commands

This chapter contains a description of the commands available under the Command Line Interface to set and display the SNMP Agent IP and SNMP parameters and databases. Type <SNMP> to view SNMP related commands.

SNMP Community String Commands

SNMP Community strings authenticate access to the MIB (Management Information Base). Community strings function as “passwords” embedded in every SNMP packet. The community string must match one of the two community strings configured in the switch for the message to be processed. There are two community strings, one for each of the following types of accesses:

• read - mode gives read access to all the objects in the MIB, but does not allow write access

• write - mode gives read and write access to all objects in the MIB

get-comm

Usage:

get-comm {read|write|*}

This command displays the SNMP community string for a given access mode ( read or write ). If the access mode is specified as *, both the read and the write community strings are displayed.

SYS_console> get-comm *

Current read community is: < public > Current write community is: < private >

set-comm

Usage:

set-comm {read|write} <community-string>

This command lets you specify the SNMP community string for each of the two access modes: read and write.

SYS_console>set-comm write password

New write community is: < password >

SYS_console>

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SNMP Trap Message Commands

When the switch detects an extraordinary event, it generates a trap. A trap is a notification message that may be sent to predefined Network Manager Stations. A trap event may be a reset (cold or warm), detection of an interface link status change, an SNMP authentication failure due to an incorrect community string, etc.

The SNMP trap commands let you manage:

· Whether or not the MegaSwitch issues an authentication trap

· The list of selected Network Manager Stations to which the switch-

generated traps will be sent by the SNMP agent. The list has a maximum capacity of five entries.

get-auth

Displays the Authentication Trap mode: enabled or disabled.

set-auth

Usage:

set-auth {enable|disable}

This command allows the user to modify the Authentication Trap mode. The default value is on, meaning that the switch will generate authentication traps. Changing the mode to off will cause the switch to avoid sending authentication traps.

get-traps

Displays the list of traps-receiving stations: their IP address and trap SNMP community string.

SYS_console>get-traps

SNMP TRAP TABLE ===============

IPADDR COMMUNITY

---------------------------------------------------

194.090.136.126 ----------- public

---------------------------------------------------

SYS_console>

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add-trap

Usage:

add-trap

The add-trap command enters the IP Address of the receiving station and the trap community string that will appear in the trap message.

SYS_console>add-trap 194.90.136.20 rnd

Entry 194.90.136.20 - rnd added

SNMP TRAP TABLE ===============

IPADDR COMMUNITY

---------------------------------------------------

194.090.136.126 ----------- public

194.090.136.020 ----------- rnd

---------------------------------------------------

SYS_console>

del-trap

Usage:

del-trap

The del-trap command can be used to remove a station from the trap table. The station IP address must be provided.

SYS_console>del-trap 194.90.136.20

Entry 194.90.136.20 - rnd deleted

SYS_console>

get-rmon-state

Usage:

get-rmon-state

The get-rmon-state command displays RMON’s limits and bounds.

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Switching Database Commands

This section contains instructions for managing the Switching Database with the Command Line Interface. Type <switch-db> to view related commands.

The Switching Database consists of 8192 entries. Each active entry contains the information relevant to a workstation, characterized by its Ethernet MAC Address. Each entry contains the following information:

• Entry

Signifies the index in the Switching Database Table.

• LOCK

If on (denoted as a +), the entry will not be deleted by the switch aging process (static entry). If off (denoted as a -), this is a dynamic entry that may be automatically deleted by the switch aging process if the workstation is not active during an aging time period

• MGMT (not user configurable)

If on (denoted as a +), the entry is a system address. Such addresses are the switch’s individual and group addresses, as well as other addresses added by the management system. If off (denoted as a -), the entry contains the MAC address of a station on the connected network.

• DPORT

The destination port to which frames with the stated address will be forwarded.

• MAC Address contained in an entry or given as a parameter is printed

as a 6 byte, hexadecimal sequence, separated by the “-” sign, e.g.

00-20-1A-00-01-29.

The following section lists commands relevant to the Learning Table and Aging mechanism of the switch. The <index> contained in the following commands is an integer number between 1 and the maximum size of the Switching Database Table (8192).

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Learning Table

get-lt-entry

Usage:

get-lt-entry

<index>

Displays the entry at

<index>

in the Switching Database.

SYS_console>get-lt-entry 10

Entry ---- MAC Address ---- LOCK DPORT MGMT

=======================================================

10 08-00-2B-0F-44-2B - 1 -

SYS_console>

The entry described is:

• Entry number 10

• MAC Address 08-00-2B-0F-44-2B

• Is not a static entry, i.e. it will be aged out (lock is off)

• The frame will be forwarded only to port 1

• Is not a system address (mgmt is off)

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get-lt-16

Usage:

get-lt-16

{<index>|*}

Displays 16 learn table entries starting at <index>, or “*” to continue from the last displayed index. The format of the display is similar to the previous command format. If the end of the learn table is reached, the * parameter will start the list over from the beginning.

SYS_console>get-lt-16 10

Entry ---- MAC Address ---- LOCK DPORT MGMT

=======================================================

10 08-00-2B-0F-44-2B - 1 11 00-00-A7-10-C4-EB - 1 12 08-00-09-9D-5E-30 - 1 13 00-20-AF-C9-EB-23 - 1 14 00-20-AF-93-98-A5 - 1 15 00-20-1A-75-08-24 - 1 16 00-A0-24-E4-B4-BE - 1 17 00-60-97-05-A6-A2 - 1 18 00-A0-24-3B-CB-EF - 1 19 00-A0-24-E1-94-6F - 2 20 00-20-AF-93-C3-48 - 2 21 08-00-09-7E-55-99 - 2 22 00-2E-D0-22-CE-4E - 2 23 00-00-C0-C9-97-C6 - 1 24 00-20-AF-17-8A-6F - 1 -

25 00-00-0D-08-11-13 - 1 SYS_console> SYS_console>get-lt-16 *

Entry ---- MAC Address ---- LOCK DPORT MGMT

=======================================================

27 00-20-AE-DA-E1-62 - 1 -

28 00-A0-25-E1-97-6F - 2 -

29 00-22-AF-93-C4-48 - 1 -

30 08-01-09-7F-55-98 - 2 -

******* End of Learn Table ************

SYS_console>

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Normally, the first displayed entries belong to the system. These entries contain important information related to the SNMP Agent and should never be modified or removed by the user. These entries are denoted by a (+) in the LOCK and MGMT columns.

The displayed entries in the get-lt-16 table on the previous page are self-learned MAC addresses, as indicated by a (-) in the LOCK and

MGMT columns. These entries were each learned from the port stated in the DPORT field.

find-lt-addr

Usage:

find-lt-addr

<mac_address>

Search for a MAC address in the learn table. If

mac_address

is found in the Switching Database, an entry description as in the previous commands is displayed:

SYS_console>find-lt-addr 08-00-20-0F-91-90

Entry ---- MAC Address ---- LOCK DPORT MGMT

=======================================================

20 08-00-20-0F-91-90 - 1 -

SYS_console>

If the requested MAC address is not in the learn table, an error message is displayed:

SYS_console>find-lt-addr 01-02-03-04-05-06

MAC Address - 01-02-03-04-05-06 - not in LT

SYS_console>

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del-lt-entry

Usage:

del-lt-entry

<index>

Deletes the learn table entry at

<index>

. If the entry delete was successful or if

the entry is not ACTIVE, then the command will be successful. Deleting entries with the self field set is prohibited since they are system

addresses. The del-lt-entry command is very powerful, allowing the user to change the

entire Switching Database with the exception of the System MAC Address. Therefore, it should be used with caution.

SYS_console>del-lt-entry 15 Deleting entry at index - 15 - OK

SYS_console>SYS_console>del-lt-entry 45

MAC Address - 45 - not in LT

SYS_console>del-lt-entry 1

Cannot delete a System Address

SYS_console>

del-lt-addr

Deletes the learn table entry that matches mac_address. The command fails if

mac_address

is not found in the learn table. Again, as in the previous command, caution should be employed when deleting system entries : (+) in MGMT column.

Usage:

del-lt-addr

<mac_address>

SYS_console>del-lt-addr 00-11-22-33-44-55

MAC Address - 00-11-22-33-44-55 - not in LT

SYS_console>

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add-lt-entry

Usage:

add-lt-entry

<mac_address> <dport>

Add a learn entry to the Switching Database. The commands parameters are described at the beginning of this chapter.

Note that

dport

is a decimal number representing the number of the destina-

tion port.

get-lt-age

Displays the Switching Database Aging Time in seconds. The Aging Time is the time-out period for aging out dynamically learned forwarding information entries. An entry whose MAC address does not appear in the source field of an incoming packet for a period equal to the Aging Time is discarded. The default value for the Aging Time is 300 seconds.

set-lt-age

Usage: set-lt-age {run|nvram|all} <

aging_time

Lets the user modify the Switching Database Aging Time. The change may be made:

• In the running database so that the new value is used immediately.

• In the NVRAM, meaning that the change will occur only after warm-reset to the switch

• In both the running and the NVRAM databases.

The aging_time is in seconds. The factory default value is 300 seconds. Use a lower value if the number of active workstations at a given moment is larger than the size of the Switching Database. The aging time can be anywhere between 10 and 11,000 seconds. 0 is used for aging OFF.

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Port Monitoring

set-mon-port

This command sets the monitoring port (port containing the monitoring device, sniffer port). All traffic from the port specified by the monitor command will be duplicated on

port. port

is a decimal port number.

Usage:

set-mon-port <

port

monitor

This command sets the port to be monitored and starts the monitoring process.

port

is a decimal port number. All traffic from this port will be duplicated on

the monitoring port specified by the set-mon-port command. The monitoring device or sniffer must be connected to the monitoring port before monitoring is activated.

Usage:

monitor <

port

stop-mon

This command ends port monitoring.

get-nv-mon

This command retrieves the port monitoring information stored by the savemon command in the NVRAM.

save-mon

This command saves the current port monitoring information (including setmon-port and monitor commands) into the NVRAM, so that the monitoring

will be restarted upon device reset.

clear-nv-mon

This command clears the port monitoring information previously stored in the NVRAM with the save-mon command.

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Port Configuration Commands

This chapter contains instructions for configuring and displaying the ports’ parameters with the Command Line Interface. Type <port-cfg> to view all the related commands.

get-port-cfg

The get-port-cfg command displays the current port configuration.

SYS_console>get-port-cfg PORT_ID LAN_TYPE LINK IF_TYPE SPEED_SEL LAN_SPEED FDPLX ENABLE

=====================================================================

1 ETH10/100 OFF TP ASENSE NONE OFF ON 2 ETH10/100 OFF TP ASENSE NONE OFF ON

Switch is in relax backoff mode.

The information displayed contains:

• An interface number

• LAN type: ETH-10 indicates 10 Mbps Ethernet ETH-10/100 indicates 10/100 Mbps Ethernet ETH-100 indicates 100 Mbps Ethernet

• Link status: ON/OFF

• Physical Interface Type: TP or F/O

• Speed selected: FORC10, FORC100, ASENSE

• LAN Speed: 10Mbps, 100Mbps, none

• Full Duplex mode: OFF = Standard Ethernet (default), ON = Full Duplex

• Enable: ON = enabled (default), OFF = disabled

set-port-dplex

Usage:

set-port-dplex

<port_number>

{half|full}

The set-port-dplex command specifies if the given port will be active in fullduplex or in half-duplex (Standard Ethernet) mode. The default is half-duplex.

SYS_console>set-port-dplex 2 full SYS_console>_

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set-speed-sel

Usage:

set-port-sel

<port-number>

{10|100|asense}

This command specifies if

port-number

will negotiate a 10Mbps or 100Mbps

connection, or it will auto-select.

NOTES If the switch is having difficulty auto-negotiating the wire speed, use this

command to set the correct value. If the port’s link partner is in Full Duplex mode and not in Asense (or

auto-negotiation) mode, Asense can not be selected as the line speed of the port.

set-port-state

Usage:

set-port-state <

port-number

> {enable|disable}

This command can be used to enable or disable a port when the Spanning Tree algorithm is not running. When Spanning Tree is running, set-prt-enb should be used instead.

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Switching Statistics Commands

This chapter contains instructions for displaying the switching statistics. Type

<statistics> to view all the related commands. The commands below pro-

vide full physical layer information as well as inter-port switching statistics.

clr-cnt

This command clears the Ethernet and bridging counters.

get-eth-cnt

Usage:

get-eth-cnt <

port-number

This command displays the Ethernet Statistics Counters for port port-number.

SYS_console>get-eth-cnt 1

Ethernet Statistics for port 1 =================================================== Good Bytes Received : 1249432 Good Multicast Bytes Received : 1011480 Good Broadcast Bytes Received : 85944 Good Bytes Sent : 107222 Good Frames Receive : 16011 Good Multicast Frames Receive : 991 Good BroadCast Frames Receive : 13773 Frames Sent : 1059 Receive and Transmit Collisions : 0 Receive and Transmit Late Collisions : 0 Receive CRC or Alignment Error : 0 Receive Frame > 1518 bytes with Bad CRC : 0 Receive Fragments : 43 Receive Frame > 1518 bytes with Good CRC : 0 Bad Bytes Received : 0 ===================================================

SYS_console>

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get-colls-cnt

Usage:

get-colls-cnt <

port-number

This command displays the Ethernet collision statistics for port port-number.

SYS_console>get-colls-cnt 2

Ethernet Collision Counters for port 2 ========================================== Collision count : 0 Late Collision Count : 0 ==========================================

SYS_console>

get-rmon-cnt

Usage:

get-rmon-cnt <

port

Retrieve the RMON statistics group 1 counters for port.

get-sdist-cnt

Usage:

get-sdist-cnt <

port

Retrieve the RMON statistics packet size histogram for port. This command is available for Fast Ethernet ports only.

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get-mgm-brcnt

Retrieve the counters for the management interface.

SYS_console>get-mgm-brcnt

Management Port Counters

=============================================

Frm Received : 15606 Bytes Received : 1119792 Frm Filtered : 0 Frm Received Bcast: 14219 Frm Transmited : 29944 Frm Transmit Ucast: 344 Frm Transmit Mcast: 29556 Frm Transmit Bcast: 44 Received from port: FRAMES BYTES

----------------------------------------------------

1 : 0 0 2 : 15637 1123754

Transmit to port : FRAMES BYTES

-----------------------------------------------------

1 : 1202 76744 2 : 1202 76744

---------------------------------------------------

SYS_console>

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Spanning Tree Commands

Spanning Tree automatically configures a loop-free topology in a bridged environment. Type <sp-tree> to view all the related commands. The Spanning Tree agent is implemented in conformance to the IEEE 802.1d standard. Listed below are the configuration commands pertinent to the operation of the Spanning Tree algorithm.

get-stp

Retrieve the current state of Spanning Tree. Options are enable or disable.

set-stp

This command enables or disables the Spanning Tree protocol. Spanning Tree is enabled by default, in accordance with 802.1d. Enabling or disabling Spanning Tree will not take effect until the SNMP agent is reset, via warm- reset, cold-reset or a power cycle.

Usage:

set-stp {enable|disable}

get-st-bcfg

This command retrieves the Spanning Tree bridge parameters. If Spanning Tree is disabled, no parameters will be retrieved.

get-st-pcfg

This command retrieves the Spanning Tree port parameter table. If Spanning Tree is disabled, no parameters will be retrieved.

get-st-syscfg

This command retrieves the Spanning Tree state of all the ports.

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set-br-prio

Usage:

set-br-prio <

priority

This command sets the Spanning Tree bridge priority of the Switch. priority is an integer in the range 0..65535. This is equivalent to setting the MIB variable dot1dStpPriority (RFC 1286).

set-br-maxage

Usage:

set-br-maxage <maxage>

This command sets the Spanning Tree bridge MaxAge. This is the amount of time between Spanning Tree configuration messages. Note that maxage is in units of seconds in the range 6..40, while the corresponding MIB variable, dot1dStpBridgeMaxAge (RFC 1286), is in units of hundreths of a second, in the range 600..4000, and must be a multiple of 100.

set-br-hellot

Usage:

set-br-hellot <

hello_time

This command sets the Spanning Tree bridge Hello Time. hello_time is an integer in the range 1..10. Note that hello_time is in units of seconds, while the corresponding MIB variable, dot1dStpBridgeHelloTime (RFC 1286), is in units of hundreths of seconds in the range 100..1000, and must be a multiple of 100.

set-br-fwdel

Usage:

set-br-fwdel <

forward_delay

This command sets the Spanning Tree bridge Forward Delay. This controls the amount of time between the listening and forwarding Spanning Tree states, and is completely unrelated to the forwarding latency. Note that

forward_delay is an integer in units of seconds in the range 4..30, while the

corresponding MIB variable, dot1dStpBridgeForwardDelay (RFC 1286), is in units of hundreths of seconds in the range 400..3000, and must be a multiple of 100.

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set-prt-prio

Usage:

set-prt-prio

<port_number> <port_priority>

This command sets the Spanning Tree port priority. port_number is the decimal port number, and port_priority is an integer in the range 1..255. This is equivalent to setting the MIB variable dot1dStpPortPriority (RFC 1493).

set-prt-enb

Usage:

set-prt-enb

<port_number>

{enable|disable}

This command enables or disables a port in the Spanning Tree. port_number is the integer port number. This is equivalent to setting the MIB variable dot1dStpPortEnable (RFC 1493).

set-prt-pcost

Usage:

set-prt-pcost

<port_number> <path_cost>

This command sets the Spanning Tree port path cost. port_number is the integer port number, and path_cost is an integer path cost in the range 1..65535. This is equivalent to setting the MIB variable dot1dStpPortPathCost (RFC

1493). Using 0 as

path_cost causes the switch to calculate the path cost auto-

matically according to the port speed.

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Command Line Reference

Console Commands

help-kbd List the console functional keys banner Display banner clear Clear console screen login Exit AI; do not disconnect a Telnet session logout Exit Admin Interface and any active Telnet session set-page Set console page set-prompt Change console prompt set-attr-prompt Set the prompt attributes set-attr-msg Set the message attributes set-attr-text Set the text attributes set-passwd Change the console password

System Commands

sys-stat Show system status get-stst-level Show self-test level of switch set-stst-level Change the self-test level warm-reset Warm reset of device cold-reset Cold reset of device get-last-err Display information about the last fatal error init-nvram Initialize NVRAM to default values get-sw-file Retrieve SNMP agent software file name set-sw-file Set the SNMP Agent Software file name -

for download get-tftp-srvr Retrieve TFTP download server IP address set-tftp-srvr Set TFTP download server IP address set-tftp-mode Set the TFTP download mode get-tftp-mode Retrieve the TFTP download mode sw-dnld Begin software download to TFTP server set-fg-param Set the Ethernet frame generator parameters start-fg Starts the Ethernet frame generator stop-fg Stop the Ethernetframe generator

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IP Commands

get-ip Show current IP address set-ip Set IP address get-ip-cfg Show current IP configuration set-ip-cfg Set IP address, netmask and broadcast clear-ip-cfg Clear IP configuration in NVRAM get-gatew Show default gateway set-gatew Define default gateway get-arp-tbl Display the ARP Table del-arp-entry Deletes an entry/all entries of the ARP table add-arp-entry Adds an entry to the ARP table ping IP traffic generator ping-stop Stop the ping process

SNMP Commands

get-comm Show current read and /or write community set-comm Change the read or write community get-auth Shows the traps authentication mode set-auth Sets the trap authentication mode get-traps Show destination stations in the trap list add-trap Add destination station to trap list del-trap Delete a destination station from trap list get-rmon-state Display the RMON session state

Switching Database Commands

get-lt-entry Gets an LT entry at index get-lt-16 Gets 16 LT entries starting at a given index find-lt-addr Searches for an address in the LT del-lt-entry Removes an LT entry at index del-lt-addr Removes an LT with a given address add-lt-entry Adds an LT entry get-lt-age Displays the LT aging period set-lt-age Modifies the LT aging period

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Port Monitoring Commands

set-mon-port Set monitoring port monitor Set port to be monitored stop-mon End port monitoring get-nv-mon Retrieve port monitoring information stored in NVRAM save-mon Save current port monitoring information into NVRAM clear-nv-mon Clear previously stored port monitoring information

Port Configuration Commands

get-port-cfg Display the configuration of all ports set-port-dplex Set the port mode: full or half duplex set-speed-sel Set the port speed : 10Mbps, 100Mbps or Asense set-port-state Enable or disable a port when Spanning Tree

algorithm is not running

Switching Statistics Commands

clr-cnt Clear the switch Ethernet and bridging counters get-eth-cnt Get the Ethernet counters per port get-colls-cnt Get the collision distribution counters per port get-rmon-cnt Get the Ethernet RMON counters per port get-sdist-cnt Get packet size distribution counters per port get-mgm-brcnt Get the switching counters of the mgmt port

Spanning Tree Commands

get-stp Display the Spanning Tree session state set-stp Enable/Disable Spanning Tree - for the next session get-st-bcfg Retrieve the Spanning Tree Bridge parameters get-st-pcfg Retrieve the Spanning Tree port parameter table get-st-syscfg Retrieve the Spanning Tree System Ports configuration set-br-prio Set the Spanning Tree bridge priority set-br-maxage Set the Spanning Tree bridge MaxAge set-br-hellot Set the Spanning Tree bridge HelloTime set-br-fwdel Set the Spanning Tree bridge Forward Delay set-prt-prio Set the Spanning Tree port priority set-prt-enb Set the Spanning Tree port enable/disable set-prt-pcost Set the Spanning Tree port path cost

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USING AN SNMP MANAGER

This chapter contains instructions for the configuration and management of the NH 2001M with an SNMP Management System (MegaVision).

Configuring the NH 2001M with an SNMP Agent

The NH 2001M with an SNMP Agent board installed is a plug and play device. Once connected to the network and powered ON, the NH 2001M starts operating according to factory-set default values. However, to ensure proper operation and maximum performance specific to your network configuration and to provide SNMP access, some environment-specific parameters must be configured through the CLI.

Global Setup

1. Connect a terminal to the NH 2001M.

2. Log in to the Command Line Interface.

3. Initialize all the NH 2001M parameters to their default values. Use the following command sequence:

init-nvram warm-reset

4. Wait until you see the LOGIN prompt again. Login to the Command Line

Interface. Now all system parameters have been initialized to their default values.

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IP Setup

1. Modify the system IP configuration to match your IP network. Use the

set-ip-cfg command in order to provide an IP address, a netmask and a broadcast address (see IP Commands). For example:

set-ip-cfg 129.1.1.64 255.255.255.0 129.1.1.0

Check that the actual IP configuration matches the desired one:

SYS_console> get-ip-cfg The device IP address, netmask and broadcast are:

IP address : 129.001.001.064 IP netmask : 255.255.255.000 IP broadcast : 129.001.001.000

2. Set the default gateway address using the set-gatew command. This should

be a station that can route IP packets to non-local IP networks. For example:

SYS_console> set-gatew 129.1.1.1

Confirm that the default gateway IP address was properly accepted:

SYS_console> get-gatew Device default gateway address is : 129.001.001.001

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SNMP Setup

1. Set up the SNMP communities strings for the two access modes: read and write (see SNMP Commands). Confirm that the read and write communities were properly accepted:

SYS_console> set-comm read public

New read community is: <public>

SYS_console> set-comm write private

New write community is: <private>

SYS_console> get-comm *

Current read community is: <public> Current write community is: <private>

SYS_console>

2. Set up the trap receiver table: add the Network Manager Station(s) that are

to receive system generated traps:

SYS_console> add-trap 129.1.1.76 public

Entry 129.1.1.76 - public added

SNMP TRAP TABLE

---------------

IPADDR COMMUNITY

______________________________

129.001.001.065 ------- PUBLIC

129.001.001.076 ------- PUBLIC ______________________________

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TROUBLESHOOTING

This chapter provides troubleshooting hints for problems you may encounter when trying to manage the NH 2001M using an SNMP Management System.

• If your SNMP Manager has trouble communicating with the SNMP Agent in the switch, check your SNMP configuration parameters.

Your Network Administrator can help determine if your IP configuration (IP address, netmask and broadcast address) is correct. If the SNMP management workstation is on a different network, be sure that you have defined an appropriate Default Gateway IP Address.

• Check the community string configuration by using the get-comm * command.

• If you are not receiving any traps, check that you have correctly entered the SNMP Management Workstation address in the trap receiver table. Display the table using the get-trap-tbl command. Check that both the IP Address and the community string are correct.

• If the network management station does not receive authentication failure traps, check for the Authentication Mode using the get-auth command.

• Check that you have a correct physical connection to the Switch. Test that the Switch port is configured with the desired Physical Interface: TP or AUI. If you are using the TP interface, check the LINK status.

• Test the connection to the SNMP Management Station by pinging it. Use the CLI: ping IPaddress count-number.

• If the network’s physical topology has changed recently (e.g. an SNMP Management Station has been moved from one segment to another), the ARP cache may be out of date. You can use the del-arp-entry command to flush the cache.

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APPENDIX A: SOFTWARE DOWNLOADING

Requirements

• Diskette with software file to be downloaded.

• DOS station host (management console, VT100 terminal or VT100 terminal emulator) or UNIX host (eg, Sun Sparc)

• TFTP program (client or server)

• Operational NH 2001M

Procedure

1. Ensure that an IP Address is assigned.

2. Ensure that the host and NH 2001M are interconnected.

3. Insert the diskette with the software file into the host drive.

4. Select/Create a directory into which to copy the software file, and enter

this directory.

5. Copy the software file into a file with a suitable name.

6. Set the remote software file using the set-sw-file command

7. Set the TFTP mode to client or server using the set-tftp-mode command

8. If client mode was selected, operate TFTP server on the remote host and

use the sw-dnld command to start download.

9. If server mode was selected use the sw-dnld command to start download:

• Operate the remote TFTP client

• Select binary transfer mode if the code is in ASCII (equivalent to octet in UNIX code)

• Using the TFTP protocol, send the file (to be loaded into Flash memory) to the IP address of the NH 2001M.

When the file transfer is completed, the NH 2001M automatically resets itself and reboots with the downloaded software in about two minutes.

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APPENDIX B - SYSTEM DEFAULT VALUES

console

password NONE prompt SYS_console>

system

SW file name changes according to revision tftp mode client

snmp

Read Community: public Write Community: private Authentication Mode: enable Traps Managers: NONE

switch-db

Aging Time 300 seconds

port configuration

port duplex full speed 100

spanning tree

Spanning Tree enabled Bridge Priority 32768 0-65535 Bridge Max Age 20 6.0 - 40.0 sec Bridge Hello Time 2 1.0 - 10.0 sec Bridge Forward Delay 15 4.0 - 30.0 Port Priority 128 0-255 Port Cost 100/LAN speed (Mbps)

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Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual