LMP7300
Micropower Precision Comparator and Precision
Reference with Adjustable Hysteresis
September 2007
LMP7300 Micropower Precision Comparator and Precision Reference with Adjustable
Hysteresis
General Description
The LMP7300 is a combination comparator and reference
with ideal specifications for precision threshold detecting. The
precision 2.048V reference comes with a 0.25% maximum
error. The comparator features micopower (35 µW), low offset
voltage (.75 mV max), and independent adjustable positive
and negative hysteresis.
Hysteresis control for the comparator is accomplished
through two external pins. The HYSTP pin sets the positive
hysteresis and the HYSTN pin sets the negative hysteresis.
The comparator design isolates the VIN source impedance
and the programmable hysteresis components. This isolation
prevents any undesirable interaction allowing the IC to maintain a precise threshold voltage during level detection.
The combination of low offset voltage, external hysteresis
control, and precision voltage reference provides an easy to
use micropower precision threshold detector.
The LMP7300 open collector output makes it ideal for mixed
voltage system designs. The output voltage upper rail is unconstrained by VCC and can be pulled above VCC to a maximum of 12V. The LMP7300 is a member of the LMP
precision amplifier family.
Typical Application
Micropower Precision Battery Low Voltage Detector for 3
Cell Discharge Voltage
Features
(For VS = 5V, typical unless otherwise noted)
Supply current
■
Propagation delay
■
Input offset voltage0.3 mV
■
CMRR100 dB
■
PSRR100 dB
■
Positive and negative hysteresis control
■
Adjustable hysteresis1 mV/mV
■
Reference voltage2.048V
■
Reference voltage accuracy0.25%
■
Reference voltage source current1 mA
■
Wide supply voltage range2.7V to 12V
■
Operating temperature range ambient−40°C to 125°C
■
Applications
Precision threshold detection
■
Battery monitoring
■
®
Battery management systems
■
Zero crossing detectors
■
13 μA
4 μs
LMP® is a registered trademark of National Semiconductor Corporation.
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,
please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/
LMP7300
Distributors for availability and specifications.
Junction Temperature (Note 3)+150°C
Soldering Information
Infrared or Convection (20 sec)235°CWave Soldering Lead Temp. (10 sec)260°C
ESD Tolerance (Note 2)
Human Body Model2000VMachine Model200V
V
Differential±V
IN
Supply Voltage (VS = V+ – V−)
Voltage at Input/Output PinsV+ + 0.3V, V− − 0.3V
Storage Temperature Range−65°C to +150°C
13.6V
S
Operating Ratings (Note 1)
Temperature Range (Note 3)−40°C to 125°C
Supply Voltage (VS = V+ – V−)
Package Thermal Resistance (θJA (Note 3))
8-Pin SOIC166°C/W
8-Pin MSOP235°C/W
2.7V to 12V
2.7V Electrical Characteristics (Note 4)
Unless otherwise specified, all limits are guaranteed for TA = 25°C, V+ = 2.7V, V− = 0V, and VCM = V+/2, R
C
= 10 pF. Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes.
LOAD
SymbolParameterConditionsMin
(Note 6)
I
S
Supply CurrentR
= Open912
PULLUP
Typ
(Note 5)
Comparator
V
OS
TCV
I
B
I
OS
CMRRCommon Mode Rejection Ratio1V < V
Input Offset VoltageVCM = V+/2±0.07±0.75
Input Offset Average Drift(Note 8)1.8
OS
Input Bias Current (Note 7)|VID| < 2.5V
1.23
Input Offset Current0.150.5nA
< 2.7V80100
CM
PSRRPower Supply Rejection RatioV+ = 2.7V to 12V80100dB
V
I
LEAK
HC
I
HYS
T
PD
OL
LIN
Output Low VoltageI
= 10 mA0.250.4
LOAD
Output Leakage CurrentComparator Output in High State1pA
Hysteresis Control Voltage
Linearity
0 < Ref-HYSTP,N < 25 mV1.000
25 mV < Ref-HYSTP,N < 100 mV0.950
Hysteresis Leakage Current1.23
Propagation Delay
(High to Low)
Overdrive = 10 mV, CL = 10 pF1217
Overdrive = 100 mV, CL = 10 pF4.57.6
Reference
V
O
Reference Voltage2.0432.0482.053V
Line RegulationVCC = 2.7V to 12V1480
Load RegulationI
TCV
V
N
Temperature Coefficient−40°C to 125°C55ppm/°C
REF/°C
Output Noise Voltage0.1 Hz to 10 Hz80
= 0 to 1 mA0.20.5
OUT
10 Hz to 10 kHz100
PULLUP
(Note 6)
= 100 kΩ,
Max
17
±2
4
0.5
4
Units
μA
mV
μV/°C
nA
dB
V
mV/V
nA
μs
μV/V
mV/mA
μV
PP
μV
RMS
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5V Electrical Characteristics (Note 4)
Unless otherwise specified, all limits are guaranteed for TA = 25°C, V+ = 5V, V− = 0V, and VCM = V+/2, R
10 pF. Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes.
SymbolParameterConditionsMin
(Note 6)
I
S
Supply CurrentR
= Open1013
PULLUP
Typ
(Note 5)
Comparator
V
OS
TCV
I
B
I
OS
CMRRCommon Mode Rejection Ratio
Input Offset VoltageVCM = V+/2±0.07±0.75
Input Offset Average Drift(Note 8)1.8
OS
Input Bias Current (Note 7)|VID| < 2.5V1.23
Input Offset Current0.150.5nA
1 ≤ VCM ≤ 5V
80100
PSRRPower Supply Rejection RatioV+ = 2.7V to 12V80100dB
V
OL
I
LEAK
HC
LIN
I
HYS
TPDPropagation Delay
Output Voltage LowI
= 10 mA0.250.4V
LOAD
Output Leakage CurrentComparator Output in High State1pA
Hysteresis Control Voltage
Linearity
0 < Ref-V
HYS
25 mV < Ref-V
TP,N < 25 mV1.000
TP,N < 100 mV0.950
HYS
Hysteresis Leakage Current1.23
Overdrive = 10 mV, CL = 10 pF1215
(High to Low)
Overdrive = 100 mV, CL = 10 pF47
Reference
V
O
Reference Voltage2.0432.0482.053V
Line RegulationVCC = 2.7V to 12V1480
Load RegulationI
TCV
V
N
Temperature Coefficient−40°C to 125°C55ppm/°C
REF/°C
Output Noise Voltage0.1 Hz to 10 Hz80
= 0 to 1 mA0.20.5
OUT
10 Hz to 10 kHz100
PULLUP
= 100 kΩ, C
Max
(Note 6)
18
±2
4
4
LOAD
Units
μA
mV
μV/°C
nA
dB
mV/V
nA
μs
μV/V
mV/mA
μV
μV
LMP7300
=
PP
RMS
12V Electrical Characteristics (Note 4)
Unless otherwise specified, all limits are guaranteed for TA = 25°C, V+ = 12V, V− = 0V, and VCM = V+/2, R
C
= 10 pF. Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes.
LOAD
SymbolParameterConditionsMin
(Note 6)
I
S
Supply CurrentR
= Open1114
PULLUP
Typ
(Note 5)
Comparator
V
OS
TCV
I
B
I
OS
CMRRCommon Mode Rejection Ratio
Input Offset VoltageVCM = V+/2±0.08±0.75
Input Offset Average Drift(Note 8)1.8
OS
Input Bias Current (Note 7)|VID| > 2.5V1.23
Input Offset Current0.150.5nA
1V ≤ V
CM
≤ 12V
80100
PSRRPower Supply Rejection RatioV+ = 2.7V to 12V80100dB
V
I
LEAK
OL
Output Voltage LowI
= 10 mA0.250.4V
LOAD
Output Leakage CurrentComparator Output in High State1pA
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PULLUP
= 100 kΩ,
Max
(Note 6)
20
±2
4
dB
Units
µA
mV
μV/°C
nA
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SymbolParameterConditionsMin
HC
LIN
LMP7300
I
HYS
Hysteresis Control Voltage
Linearity
0 < Ref-V
+HYS
25 mV < Ref-V
TP,N < 25 mV1.000
TP,N < 100 mV0.950
+HYS
Hysteresis Leakage Current1.23
(Note 6)
Typ
(Note 5)
Max
(Note 6)
4
TPDPropagation Delay
(High to Low)
Overdrive = 10 mV, CL = 10 pF1115
Overdrive = 100 mV, CL = 10 pF3.56.8
Reference
V
O
Reference VoltageTJ = 25°C2.0432.0482.053V
Line RegulationVCC = 2.7V to 12V1480
Load RegulationI
TCV
V
N
Temperature Coefficient−40°C to +125°C55ppm/°C
REF/°C
Output Noise Voltage0.1 Hz to 10 Hz80
= 0 to 1 mA0.20.5mV/mA
OUT
10 Hz to 10 kHz100
Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is
intended to be functional, but specific performance is not guaranteed. For guaranteed specifications and the test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics
Tables.
Note 2: Human Body Model, applicable std. MIL-STD-883, Method 3015.7. Machine Model, applicable std. JESD22-A115-A (ESD MM std. of JEDEC)
Note 3: The maximum power dissipation is a function of T
PD = (T
Note 4: Electrical Table values apply only for factory testing conditions at the temperature indicated. Factory testing conditions result in very limited self-heating
of the device such that TJ = TA. No guarantee of parametric performance is indicated in the electrical tables under conditions of internal self-heating where TJ >
TA.
Note 5: Typical values represent the most likely parametric norm as determined at the time of characterization. Actual typical values may vary over time and will
also depend on the application and configuration. The typical values are not tested and are not guaranteed on shipped production material.
Note 6: Limits are 100% production tested at 25°C. Limits over the operating temperature range are guaranteed through correlations using statistical quality
control (SQC) method.
Note 7: Positive current corresponds to current flowing into the device.
Note 8: Offset voltage average drift determined by dividing the change in VOS at temperature extremes, by the total temperature change.
– TA)/ θJA. All numbers apply for packages soldered directly onto a PC Board.
J(MAX)
, θJA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any ambient temperature is
GNDGroundThis pin may be connected to a negative DC voltage source for applications requiring a dual
OUTComparator OutputThe output is an open-collector. It can drive voltage loads by using a pullup resistor, or it can
HYSTN Negative Hysteresis PinThis pin sets the lower trip voltage VIL. The common mode range is from 1V above the
HYSTP Positive Hysteresis pinThis pin sets the upper trip voltage VIH. The common mode range is from 1V above the
REFReference Voltage
V
Description
Comparator Input
Input
Output Pin
+
Positive Supply Terminal
The +IN has a common-mode voltage range from 1V above the negative rail to, and including,
the positive rail. Internal ESD diodes, connected from the +IN pin to the rails, protect the input
stage from overvoltage. If the input voltage exceeds the rails, the diodes turn on and clamp
the input to a safe level.
The −IN has a common-mode voltage range from 1V above the negative rail to, and including,
the positive rail. Internal ESD diodes, connected from the −IN pin to the rails, protects the
input stage from overvoltage. If the input voltage exceeds the rails, the diodes turn on and
clamp the input to a safe level.
supply. If connected to a negative supply, decouple this pin with 0.1 µF ceramic capacitor to
ground. The internal reference output voltage is referenced to this pin. GND is the die
substrate connection.
drive current loads by sinking a maximum output current. This pin may be taken to a
maximum of +12V with respect to the ground pin, irrespective of supply voltage.
negative rail to VCC. The input signal must fall below VIL for the comparator to switch from
high to low state.
negative rail to VCC. The input signal must rise above VIH for the comparator to switch from
low to high state.
This is the output pin of a 2.048V band gap precision reference.
The supply voltage range is 2.7V to 12V. Decouple this pin with 0.1 μF ceramic capacitor to
ground.
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Typical Performance Characteristics
LMP7300
Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage
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Output Low Voltage vs. Load Current
Output Low Voltage vs. Load Current
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Output Low Voltage vs. Load Current
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Reference Voltage vs. Supply Voltage
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Reference Voltage vs. Source Current
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LMP7300
Reference Voltage vs. Sink Current
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Propagation Delay vs. Overdrive Voltage
Reference Voltage vs. Source Current
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Propagation Delay vs. Overdrive Voltage
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Propagation Delay vs. Overdrive Voltage
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Application Information
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
LMP7300
The LMP7300 is a unique combination of micropower and
precision. The open collector comparator has low offset, high
CMRR, high PSRR, programmable hysteresis and microamp
supply current. The precision 2.048V reference provides a
DAC or ADC with an accurate binary divisible voltage. The
comparator and reference combination forms an ideal single
IC solution for low power sensor or portable applications.
VOLTAGE REFERENCE
The reference output voltage is a band gap derived 2.048V
that is trimmed to achieve typically 0.2% accuracy over the
full operating temperature range of −40°C to 125°C. The trim
procedure employs a curvature correction algorithm to compensate for the base emitter thermal nonlinearity inherent in
band gap design topologies. The reference accuracy and the
set resistor tolerance determine the magnitude and precision
of the programmable hysteresis. In situations where reference noise filtering is required a 5 µF capacitor in series with
a 190Ω resistor to ground are recommended.
COMPARATOR
Output Stage
The comparator employs an open collector output stage that
can switch microamp loads for micropower precision threshold detection to applications requiring activating a solenoid, a
lamp, or an LED. The wired-OR type output easily interfaces
to TTL, CMOS, or multiple outputs, as in a window comparator
application, over a range of 0.5V to 12V. The output is capable
of driving greater than 10 mA output current and yet maintaining a saturation voltage below 0.4V over temperature. The
supply current increases linearly when driving heavy loads so
a pullup resistor of 100 kΩ or greater is recommended for micropower applications.
places the HYSTP and HYSTN pin voltages at V
which is approximately the center of their input common mode
– 130 mV
REF
range at 2.7V. For the typical example, a differential input
signal voltage, VIN, is applied between INP and INN, the noninverting and inverting inputs of the comparator. A DC switch
or threshold voltage, VTH, is set on the negative input to keep
the output off when the signal is above and on when it goes
below this level. For a precision threshold tie the INN pin to
V
. With the output, off the circuit is in the minimum power
REF
state. Figure 1 through Figure 5 demonstrate the different
configurations for setting the upper threshold VIH and the lower threshold VIL and their relationship to the input trip point
V
, by the following formulas.
REF
Fault Detection Rate
The user’s choice of a pullup resistor and capacitive load determines the minimum response time and the event detection
rate. By optimizing overdrive, the pullup resistor and capactive load fault update rates of 200 kHz to 250 kHz or
greater can be achieved.
HYSTERESIS
False triggering on noise coupled into the signal path is a
common problem for comparator based threshold detectors.
One of the most effective solutions is to add hysteresis. Hysteresis is a circuit signal path characteristic where an amplitude delay is introduced to the normal input. Positive
hysteresis forces the signal to pass the normal switch point
before the output makes a low to high transition while negative
hysteresis does the opposite. This is a memory effect. The
comparator behaves differently based on which direction the
signal is going.
The LM7300 has been designed with a unique way of introducing hysteresis. The set points are completely independent
of each other, the power supply, and the input or output conditions. The HYSTP pin sets positive hysteresis and the
HYSTN pin sets the negative hysteresis in a simple way using
two resistors. The pins can be tied together for the same hysteresis or tied to separate voltage taps for asymmetric hysteresis, or tied to the reference for no hysteresis. When the
precision reference is used to drive the voltage tap resistor
divider precise, stable threshold levels can be obtained. The
maximum recommended hysteresis is about 130 mV. This
(a)
(b)
When VID = 0, INN = INP = V
TH
FIGURE 1. Typical Micropower Application to Set
Asymmetric Positive and
Negative Hysteresis of −10 mV, +3 mV
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LMP7300
Figure 2 shows the configuration with no hysteresis when the
HYSTP and HYSTN pins are connected together to V
This configuration is not recommended because it has the
REF
highest level of false triggers due to the system noise.
(a)
20175611
Figure 3 shows the configuration with symmetric hysteresis
.
when the HYSTP and HYSTN pins are connected to the same
voltage that is less than V
teresis band around the input threshold voltage V
that the positive band is equal to the negative band.
. The two trip points set a hys-
REF
REF
, such
This configuration controls the false triggering mentioned in
Figure 2. Symmetric hysteresis values less than 5mV to 10
mV are recommended for precise level detection applications.
(b)
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FIGURE 2. Typical Configuration for No Hysteresis
(a)
(b)
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FIGURE 3. Symmetric Hysteresis ±5 mV
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Figure 4 shows the case for negative hysteresis by biasing
only the HYSN pin to a voltage less than V
REF
.
LMP7300
The case for setting only a positive hysteresis is demonstrated in Figure 5.
(a)
(b)
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20175616
FIGURE 4. Typical Configuration for Negative Hysteresis
= −10 mV
(a)
(b)
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FIGURE 5. Connections for Positive Hysteresis = +10 mV
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LMP7300
In the general case, as demonstrated with both positive and
negative hysteresis bands in Figure 6, noise within these
bands will have no affect on the state of the comparator output. In Example #1 the noise is well behaved and in band. The
output is clean and well behaved. In Example #2, a significant
amount of out of band noise is present but due to hysteresis
no false triggers occur on the rising positive or falling negative
edges. The hysteresis forces the signal level to move higher
or lower before the output is set to the opposite state.
20175628
FIGURE 6. Output Response with Input Noise Less than
Hysteresis Band
How Much Hysteresis Is Correct?
An effective way of determining the minimum hysteresis necessary for clean switching is to decrease the amount of hysteresis until false triggering is observed, and then use a
multiple of say three times that amount of hysteresis in the
final circuit. This is most easily accomplished in the bread-
board phase by making R1 and R2 potentiometers. For applications near or above +100°C a minimum of 5 mV hysteresis
is recommended due to peaking of the LMP7300 noise sensitivity at high temperatures.
LAYOUT RECOMMENDATIONS
A good PCB layout is always important to reduce output to
input coupling. Positive feedback noise reduces performance.
For the LMP7300 output coupling is minimized by the unique
package pinout. The output is kept away from the non-inverting and inverting inputs, the reference and the hysteresis pins.
EVALUATION BOARDS
National Semiconductor provides the following PCB boards
as an aid in evaluating the LMP7300 performance.
DevicePackageEvaluation Board
Ordering ID
LMP7300MA8-Pin SOICLMP7300MA-EVAL
LMP7300MM8-Pin MSOPLMP7300MM-EVAL
WINDOW COMPARATOR
Figure 8 shows two LMP7300s configured as a micropower
window detector in a temperature level detection application.
The circuit shown monitors the ambient temperature change.
If the temperature rises outside the 15°C to 35°C window, either comparator 1 for high temp, or comparator 2 for low temp,
will set low, indicating a fault condition has occurred. The
open collector outputs are pulled up separately but can be
wire-OR’d for a single fault indication. If the temperature returns inside the window it must overcome the 22 mV asymmetric hysteresis band established on either comparator. For
the high side the temperature must drop below 34°C and for
the low side the temperature must rise above 16°C for the
outputs to reset high and remove the fault indication. The
temperature is sensed by a 30 kΩ @ 25°C Omega Precision
NTC Thermistor #44008 (±0.2% tol).
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FIGURE 7. Temperature Controlled Window Detector to Monitor Ambient Temperature
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PRECISION HIGH TEMPERATURE SWITCH
The LMP7300 brings accuracy and stability to simple sensor
switch applications. Figure 9 shows the LMP7300 setup in a
LMP7300
high temperature switch configuration. The input bridge establishes the trip point at 85°C and the reset temperature at
80°C. The comparator is set up with positive hysteresis of
14.3 mV and no negative hysteresis. When the temperature
is rising it trips at 85°C. The 14.3 mV hysteresis allows the
temperature to drop to 80°C before reset.
The temperature sensor used is an Omega 44008 Precision
NTC Thermistor. The 44008 has an accuracy of ±0.2°C. The
resistance at 85°C is 3270.9Ω and at 80°C is 3840.2Ω. The
trip voltage threshold is established by one half of the bridge,
which is the ratio of R
set by the second half, which is the ratio of the thermistor resistance RTH and R
∼50 µA bridge current to minimize the power in the thermistor.
and R
ADJ
. The resistance values are chosen for
SET
. The input signal bias is
SET
The thermistor specification states it has a 1°C/mW dissipa-
tion error. The reference voltage establishes the supply voltage for the bridge to make the circuit independent of supply
voltage variation. Capacitor C1 establishes a low frequency
pole at F
tance values chosen C1 should be selected for Fc < 10 Hz.
CORNER
= 1/(2πC1*2(R
SET
//R
)). With the resis-
ADJ
This will limit the thermal noise in the bridge.
The accuracy of the circuit can be calculated from the nearest
resistance values chosen. For 1% resistors RADJ is 3.24
kΩ, and R
2.488 mV/C at 85°C. In general, the higher the bridge current
is 78.7 kΩ. The bridge gain becomes
SET
is allowed to be, the higher the bridge gain will be. The actual
trip point found during simulation is 85.3°C and the reset point
is 80.04°C. With the values chosen the worst case trip temperature uncertainty is ±1.451°C and the reset uncertainty is
±1.548°C. Accuracy could be maximized with resistors chosen to 0.1% values, 0.1% tolerance and by using the 0.1%
model of the Omega 44008 thermistor.
FIGURE 8. Precision High Temperature Switch
MICROPOWER PRECISION BATTERY LOW VOLTAGE
DETECTOR
The ability of the LMP7300 to operate at very low supply voltages, makes it an ideal choice for low battery detection application in portable equipment. The circuit in Figure 9
performs the function of low voltage threshold detection in a
3 cell 0.9V discharge voltage, battery monitor application.
R1 and R2 are chosen to set the inverting input voltage equal
20175647
to the non-inverting input voltage when the battery voltage is
equal to the minimum operating voltage of the system. Here,
the very precise reference output voltage is directly connected to the non-inverting input on the comparator and sets an
accurate threshold voltage. The hysteresis is set to 0 mV
negative and 20 mV positive. The output is off for voltages
higher than the minimum V
detects a minimum battery voltage condition.
, and turns on when the circuit
BATT
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FIGURE 9. Battery Voltage Monitor for 3 Cell Discharge Voltage
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