National Semiconductor LM4880 Technical data

September 2004
LM4880 Dual 250 mW Audio Power Amplifier with Shutdown Mode

General Description

The LM4880 is a dual audio power amplifier capable of delivering typically 250mW per channel of continuous aver­age power to an 8load with 0.1% THD+N using a 5V power supply.
Since the LM4880 does not require bootstrap capacitors or snubber networks, it is optimally suited for low-power por­table systems.
The LM4880 features an externally controlled, low-power consumption shutdown mode, as well as an internal thermal shutdown protection mechanism.
The unity-gain stable LM4880 can be configured by external gain-setting resistors.

Key Specifications

n THD+N at 1kHz at 200mW continuous average output
power into 8: 0.1% (max)
n THD+N at 1kHz at 85mW continuous average output
power into 32: 0.1% (typ)
n Output power at 10% THD+N at 1kHz into 8:
325mW (typ)
n Shutdown current: 0.7µA (typ) n 2.7V to 5.5V supply voltage range

Features

n No bootstrap capacitors or snubber circuits are
necessary
n Small Outline (SO) and DIP packaging n Unity-gain stable n External gain configuration capability

Applications

n Headphone Amplifier n Personal Computers n CD-ROM Players
LM4880 Boomer Audio Power Amplifier Series Dual 250 mW Audio Power Amplifier with
Shutdown Mode

Connection Diagram

Small Outline and
DIP Packages
01234302
Top View
Order Number LM4880M or LM4880N
See NS Package Number M08A for SO
or NS Package Number N08E for DIP
Boomer®is a registered trademark of National Semiconductor Corporation.
© 2004 National Semiconductor Corporation DS012343 www.national.com

Typical Application

LM4880
*Refer to the Application Information section for information concerning proper selection of the input and output coupling capacitors.

FIGURE 1. Typical Audio Amplifier Application Circuit

01234301
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Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 2)

If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications.
Supply Voltage 6.0V
Storage Temperature −65˚C to +150˚C
Input Voltage −0.3V to V
DD
0.3V
+
See AN-450 “Surface Mounting and their Effects on Product Reliability” for other methods of soldering surface mount devices.
Thermal Resistance
θ
(DIP) 37˚C/W
JC
θ
(DIP) 107˚C/W
JA
θ
(SO) 35˚C/W
JC
θ
(SO) 170˚C/W
JA
Power Dissipation (Note 3) Internally limited
ESD Susceptibility (Note 4) 2000V

Operating Ratings

ESD Susceptibility (Note 5) 200V
Junction Temperature 150˚C
Soldering Information
Small Outline Package
Vapor Phase (60 sec.) Infrared (15 sec.)
215˚C 220˚C
Temperature Range
T
MIN≤TA≤TMAX
−40˚CTA≤+85˚C
Supply Voltage 2.7VV
DD
5.5V
Electrical Characteristics (Notes 1, 2)
The following specifications apply for VDD= 5V unless otherwise specified. Limits apply for TA= 25˚C.
Symbol Parameter Conditions LM4880 Units
Typical Limit
(Note 6) (Note 7)
V
DD
Supply Voltage 2.7 V (min)
5.5 V (max)
I
DD
I
SD
V
OS
P
O
Quiescent Power Supply Current VIN=0V, IO=0A 3.6 6.0 mA
Shutdown Current V
PIN5=VDD
0.7 5 µA (max)
Output Offset Voltage VIN=0V 5 50 mV
Output Power THD=0.1% (max); f=1 kHz;
R
=8 250 200 mW
L
=32 85 mW
R
L
THD+N=10%; f=1 kHz
R
=8 325 mW
L
R
=32 110 mW
L
THD+N Total Harmonic Distortion+Noise R
=8,PO=200 mW; 0.03 %
L
R
=32,PO=75 mW; 0.02 %
L
f=1 kHz
PSRR Power Supply Rejection Ratio C
Note 1: All voltages are measured with respect to the ground pin, unless otherwise specified.
Note 2: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is functional, but
do not guarantee specific performance limits. Electrical Characteristics state DC and AC electrical specifications under particular test conditions which guarantee
= 1.0 µF,
B
=200 mVrms, f = 100 Hz
V
RIPPLE
50 dB
(Limits)
(max)
(max)
(min)

Automatic Shutdown Circuit

LM4880

Automatic Switching Circuit

01234303

FIGURE 2. Automatic Shutdown Circuit

FIGURE 3. Automatic Switching Circuit

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01234304
External Components Description (Figure 1)
Components Functional Description
1. R
2. C
i
i
Inverting input resistance which sets the closed-loop gain in conjunction with RF. This resistor also forms a high pass filter with C
at fc= 1/(2πRiCi).
i
Input coupling capacitor which blocks the DC voltage at the amplifier’s input terminals. Also creates a high pass filter with R
at fc= 1/(2πRiCi). Refer to the section, Proper Selection of
i
External Components, for an explanation of how to determine the value of C
3. R
4. C
F
S
Feedback resistance which sets closed-loop gain in conjunction with Ri.
Supply bypass capacitor which provides power supply filtering. Refer to the Application Information section for proper placement and selection of the supply bypass capacitor.
5. C
B
Bypass pin capacitor which provides half-supply filtering. Refer to the section, Proper Selection of External Components, for information concerning proper placement and
.
B
at fo= 1/(2πRLCo).
L
6. C
selection of C
o
Output coupling capacitor which blocks the DC voltage at the amplifier’s output. Forms a high pass filter with R

Typical Performance Characteristics

THD+NvsOutput Power THD+NvsOutput Power
LM4880
.
i
01234305 01234306
THD+NvsOutput Power THD+NvsOutput Power
01234307 01234308
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Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)
LM4880
THD+NvsOutput Power THD+NvsOutput Power
01234309 01234310
THD+NvsFrequency THD+NvsFrequency
01234311
THD+NvsFrequency THD+NvsFrequency
01234313 01234314
01234312
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Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)
LM4880
Output Power vs Load Resistance
Output Power vs
Supply Voltage
Output Power vs Load Resistance
01234315 01234316
Output Power vs
Supply Voltage
Output Power vs
Supply Voltage
01234317
01234319
01234318
Clipping Voltage vs
Supply Voltage
01234320
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Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)
LM4880
Clipping Voltage vs
Supply Voltage
Channel Separation
Power Dissipation vs
Output Power
01234321 01234322
Output Attenuation in
Shutdown Mode
Noise Floor
01234323
01234324
Power Supply
Rejection Ratio
01234325 01234326
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Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)
LM4880
Open Loop
Frequency Response
Frequency Response vs
Output Capacitor Size
01234327
Supply Current vs
Supply Voltage
01234328
Frequency Response vs
Output Capacitor Size
Frequency Response vs
Input Capacitor Size
01234329 01234330
Typical Application
Frequency Response
01234331 01234332
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Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)
LM4880
Typical Application
Frequency Response Power Derating Curve

Application Information

SHUTDOWN FUNCTION

In order to reduce power consumption while not in use, the LM4880 contains a shutdown pin to externally turn off the amplifier’s bias circuitry. This shutdown feature turns the amplifier off when a logic high is placed on the shutdown pin. The trigger point between a logic low and logic high level is typically half supply. It is best to switch between ground and the supply to provide maximum device performance. By switching the shutdown pin to V rent draw will be minimized in idle mode. While the device will be disabled with shutdown pin voltages less than V the idle current may be greater than the typical value of 0.7 µA. In either case, the shutdown pin should be tied to a definite voltage because leaving the pin floating may result in an unwanted shutdown condition.
In many applications, a microcontroller or microprocessor output is used to control the shutdown circuitry which pro­vides a quick, smooth transition into shutdown. Another so­lution is to use a single-pole, single-throw switch in conjunc­tion with an external pull-up resistor. When the switch is closed, the shutdown pin is connected to ground and en­ables the amplifier. If the switch is open, then the external pull-up resistor will disable the LM4880. This scheme guar­antees that the shutdown pin will not float which will prevent unwanted state changes.

POWER DISSIPATION

Power dissipation is a major concern when using any power amplifier and must be thoroughly understood to ensure a successful design. Equation (1) states the maximum power dissipation point for a single-ended amplifier operating at a given supply voltage and driving a specified output load.
=(VDD)2/(2π2RL) (1)
P
DMAX
Since the LM4880 has two operational amplifiers in one package, the maximum internal power dissipation point is twice that of the number which results from Equation (1). Even with the large internal power dissipation, the LM4880 does not require heat sinking over a large range of ambient temperatures. From Equation (1), assuming a 5V power supply and an 8load, the maximum power dissipation point is 158 mW per amplifier. Thus the maximum package
, the LM4880 supply cur-
DD
01234333
01234334
dissipation point is 317 mW. The maximum power dissipa­tion point obtained must not be greater than the power dissipation that results from Equation (2):
=(T
P
DMAX
For the LM4880 surface mount package, θ
= 150˚C. Depending on the ambient temperature, TA,
T
JMAX
JMAX-TA
)/θ
JA
JA
(2)
= 170˚ C/W and
of the system surroundings, Equation (2) can be used to find the maximum internal power dissipation supported by the IC packaging. If the result of Equation (1) is greater than that of Equation (2), then either the supply voltage must be de­creased, the load impedance increased, or the ambient tem­perature reduced. For the typical application of a 5V power
,
DD
supply, with an 8load, the maximum ambient temperature possible without violating the maximum junction temperature is approximately 96˚C provided that device operation is around the maximum power dissipation point. Power dissi­pation is a function of output power and thus, if typical operation is not around the maximum power dissipation point, the ambient temperature may be increased accord­ingly. Refer to the Typical Performance Characteristics curves for power dissipation information for lower output powers.

POWER SUPPLY BYPASSING

As with any power amplifier, proper supply bypassing is critical for low noise performance and high power supply rejection. The capacitor location on both the bypass and power supply pins should be as close to the device as possible. As displayed in the Typical Performance Charac- teristics section, the effect of a larger half supply bypass capacitor is improved low frequency PSRR due to increased half-supply stability. Typical applications employ a 5V regu­lator with 10 µF and a 0.1 µF bypass capacitors which aid in supply stability, but do not eliminate the need for bypassing the supply nodes of the LM4880. The selection of bypass capacitors, especially C
, is thus dependant upon desired
B
low frequency PSRR, click and pop performance as ex­plained in the section, Proper Selection of External Com-
ponents section, system cost, and size constraints.

AUTOMATIC SHUTDOWN CIRCUIT

As shown in Figure 2, the LM4880 can be set up to auto­matically shutdown when a load is not connected. This cir­cuit is based upon a single control pin common in many headphone jacks. This control pin forms a normally closed
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Application Information (Continued)
switch with one of the output pins. The output of this circuit (the voltage on pin 5 of the LM4880) has two states based on the state of the switch. When the switch is open, signify­ing that headphones are inserted, the LM4880 should be enabled. When the switch is closed, the LM4880 should be off to minimize power consumption.
The operation of this circuit is rather simple. With the switch closed, R gate voltage of less than 5 mV. This gate voltage keeps the NMOS inverter off and R LM4880 to the supply voltage. This places the LM4880 in shutdown mode which reduces the supply current to 0.7 µA typically. When the switch is open, the opposite condition is produced. Resistor R which turns on the inverter and produces a logic low signal on the shutdown pin of the LM4880. This state enables the LM4880 and places the amplifier in its normal mode of operation.
This type of circuit is clearly valuable in portable products where battery life is critical, but is also benefical for power conscious designs such as “Green PC’s”.

AUTOMATIC SWITCHING CIRCUIT

A circuit closely related to the Automatic Shutdown Circuit is the Automatic Switching Circuit of Figure 3. The Auto- matic Switching Circuit utilizes both the input and output of the NMOS inverter to toggle the states of two different audio power amplifiers. The LM4880 is used to drive stereo single ended loads, while the LM4861 drives bridged internal speakers.
In this application, the LM4880 and LM4861 are never on at the same time. When the switch inside the headphone jack is open, the LM4880 is enabled and the LM4861 is disabled since the NMOS inverter is on. If a headphone jack is not present, it is assumed that the internal speakers should be on and thus the voltage on the LM4861 shutdown pin is low and the voltage at the LM4880 pin is high. This results in the LM4880 being shutdown and the LM4861 being enabled.
Only one channel of this circuit is shown in Figure 3 to keep the drawing simple but the typical application would a LM4880 driving a stereo external headphone jack and two LM4861’s driving the internal stereo speakers. If only one internal speaker is required, a single LM4861 can be used as a summer to mix the left and right inputs into a single mono channel.

PROPER SELECTION OF EXTERNAL COMPONENTS

Selection of external components when using integrated power amplifiers is critical to optimize device and system performance. While the LM4880 is tolerant of external com­ponent combinations, care must be exercised when choos­ing component values.
The LM4880 is unity-gain stable which gives a designer maximum system flexibility. The LM4880 should be used in low gain configurations to minimize THD + N values, and maximize the signal to noise ratio. Low gain configurations require large input signals to obtain a given output power. Input signals equal to or greater than 1 Vrms are available from sources such as audio codecs. Please refer to the section, Audio Power Amplifier Design, for a more com­plete explanation of proper gain selection.
Besides gain, one of the major design considerations is the closed-loop bandwidth of the amplifier. To a large extent, the
and Roform a resistor divider which produces a
p
pulls the shutdown pin of the
sd
pulls the gate of the NMOS high
p
bandwidth is dictated by the choice of external components shown in Figure 1. Both the input coupling capacitor, C the output coupling capacitor, C
, form first order high pass
o
, and
i
filters which limit low frequency response. These values should be chosen based on needed frequency response for a few distinct reasons.

Selection of Input and Output Capacitor Size

Large input and output capacitors are both expensive and space hungry for portable designs. Clearly a certain sized capacitor is needed to couple in low frequencies without severe attenuation. But in many cases the transducers used in portable systems, whether internal or external, have little ability to reproduce signals below 100 Hz– 150 Hz. Thus using large input and output capacitors may not increase system performance.
In addition to system cost and size, click and pop perfor­mance is effected by the size of the input coupling capacitor,
. A larger input coupling capacitor requires more charge to
C
i
reach its quiescent DC voltage (normally 1/2 V
DD
.) This charge comes from the output via the feedback and is apt to create pops upon device enable. Thus, by minimizing the capacitor size based on necessary low frequency response, turn-on pops can be minimized.
Besides minimizing the input and output capacitor sizes, careful consideration should be paid to the bypass capacitor size. The bypass capacitor, C
, is the most critical compo-
B
nent to minimize turn-on pops since it determines how fast the LM4880 turns on. The slower the LM4880’s outputs ramp to their quiescent DC voltage (nominally 1/2 V smaller the turn-on pop. Choosing C with a small value of C
(in the range of 0.1 µF to 0.39 µF),
i
equal to 1.0 µF along
B
DD
), the
should produce a virtually clickless and popless shutdown function. While the device will function properly, (no oscilla­tions or motorboating), with C
equal to 0.1 µF, the device
B
will be much more susceptible to turn-on clicks and pops. Thus, a value of C
equal to 1.0 µF or larger is recom-
B
mended in all but the most cost sensitive designs.

AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER DESIGN

Design a Dual 200 mW/8Audio Amplifier
Given:
Power Output: 200 mWrms Load Impedance: 8 Input Level: 1 Vrms (max) Input Impedance: 20 k Bandwidth: 100 Hz–20 kHz
±
0.50 dB
A designer must first determine the needed supply rail to obtain the specified output power. Calculating the required supply rail involves knowing two parameters, V
opeak
and also the dropout voltage. As shown in the Typical Performance Curves, the dropout voltage is typically 0.5V. V
opeak
can be
determined from Equation (3).
(3)
For 200 mW of output power into an 8load, the required
is 1.79V. Since this is a single supply application, the
V
opeak
minimum supply voltage is twice the sum of V
opeak
and Vod. Since 5V is a standard supply voltage in most applications, it is chosen for the supply rail. Extra supply voltage creates headroom that allows the LM4880 to reproduce peaks in excess of 200 mW without clipping the signal. At this time, the designer must make sure that the power supply choice along with the output impedance does not violate the condi­tions explained in the Power Dissipation section. Remem-
LM4880
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Application Information (Continued)
ber that the maximum power dissipation value from Equation
LM4880
(1) must be multiplied by two since there are two indepen­dent amplifiers inside the package.
Once the power dissipation equations have been addressed, the required gain can be determined from Equation (4).
A
=−RF/R
V
From Equation (4), the minimum gain is:: A Since the desired input impedance was 20 k, and with a
gain of −1.26, a value of 27 kis designated for R ing 5% tolerance resistors. This combination results in a nominal gain of −1.35. The final design step is to address the bandwidth requirements which must be stated as a pair of
−3 dB frequency points. Five times away from a −3 dB point is 0.17 dB down from passband response assuming a single pole roll-off. As stated in the External Components section,
i
V
= −1.26
, assum-
f
(4) (5)
both R
in conjunction with Ci, and Cowith RL, create first
i
order high pass filters. Thus to obtain the desired frequency
±
low response of 100 Hz within
0.5 dB, both poles must be taken into consideration. The combination of two single order filters at the same frequency forms a second order response. This results in a signal which is down 0.34 dB at five times away from the single order filter −3 dB point. Thus, a fre­quency of 20 Hz is used in the following equations to ensure that the response if better than 0.5 dB down at 100 Hz.
1/(2π*20k*20Hz) = 0.397 µF; use 0.39 µF
C
i
1/(2π*8*20Hz) = 995 µF; use 1000 µF
C
o
The high frequency pole is determined by the product of the desired high frequency pole, f
. With a closed-loop gain magnitude of 1.35 and fH= 100
A
V
, and the closed-loop gain,
H
kHz, the resulting GBWP = 135 kHz which is much smaller than the LM4880 GBWP of 12.5 MHz. This figure displays that if a designer has a need top design an amplifier with a higher gain, the LM4880 can still be used without running into bandwidth limitations.
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Application Information (Continued)

LM4880 MDA MWA DUAL 250 MW AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER WITH SHUTDOWN MODE

LM4880
Die Layout (B - Step)

Die/Wafer Characteristics

Fabrication Attributes General Die Information
Physical Die Identification LM4880B Bond Pad Opening Size (min) 86µm x 86µm
Die Step B Bond Pad Metalization ALUMINUM
Physical Attributes Passivation NITRIDE
Wafer Diameter 150mm Back Side Metal Bare Back
Dise Size (Drawn) 952µm x 1283µm
37mils x 51mils
Thickness 254µm Nominal
Min Pitch 117µm Nominal
Special Assembly Requirements:
Note: Actual die size is rounded to the nearest micron.
Die Bond Pad Coordinate Locations (B - Step)
(Referenced to die center, coordinates in µm) NC = No Connection
SIGNAL NAME PAD# NUMBER
BYPASS 1 -322 523 86 x 86
GND 2 -359 259 86 x 188
NC 3 -359 5 86 x 86
GND 4 -359 -259 86 x 188
SHUTDOWN 5 -323 -523 86 x 86
INPUT B 6 -109 -523 86 x 86
OUTPUT B 7 8 -523 86 x 86
VDD 8 358 -78 86 x 188
GND 9 358 141 86 x 188
OUTPUT A 10 359 406 86 x 86
INPUT A 11 323 523 86 x 86
NC 12 8 523 86 x 86
NC 13 -109 523 86 x 86
X/Y COORDINATES PAD SIZE
XYX Y
01234337
Back Side Connection GND
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Application Information (Continued)
LM4880
IN U.S.A
Tel #: 1 877 Dial Die 1 877 342 5343
Fax: 1 207 541 6140
IN EUROPE
Tel: 49 (0) 8141 351492 / 1495
Fax: 49 (0) 8141 351470
IN ASIA PACIFIC
Tel: (852) 27371701
IN JAPAN
Tel: 81 043 299 2308
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Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted

LM4880
8-Lead (0.150" Wide) Molded Small Outline Package, JEDEC
Order Number LM4880M
NS Package Number M08A
8-Lead (0.300" Wide) Molded Dual-In-Line Package
Order Number LM4880N
NS Package Number N08E
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Shutdown Mode
Notes
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NATIONAL’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein:
1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the
2. A critical component is any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness.
labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user.
BANNED SUBSTANCE COMPLIANCE
National Semiconductor certifies that the products and packing materials meet the provisions of the Customer Products Stewardship Specification (CSP-9-111C2) and the Banned Substances and Materials of Interest Specification
LM4880 Boomer Audio Power Amplifier Series Dual 250 mW Audio Power Amplifier with
(CSP-9-111S2) and contain no ‘‘Banned Substances’’ as defined in CSP-9-111S2.
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Email: new.feedback@nsc.com Tel: 1-800-272-9959
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National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.
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