National Semiconductor LM109, LM309 Technical data
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LM109/LM309
5-Volt Regulator
General Description
The LM109 series are complete 5V regulators fabricated on
a single silicon chip. They are designed for local regulation
on digital logic cards, eliminating the distribution problems
association with single-point regulation. The devices are
available in two standard transistor packages. In the
solid-kovar TO-5 header, it can deliver outputcurrents in excess of 200 mA, if adequate heat sinking is provided. With
the TO-3 power package, the available output current is
greater than 1A.
The regulators are essentially blowout proof. Current limiting
is included to limit the peak output current to a safe value. In
addition, thermal shutdown is provided to keep the IC from
overheating. If internal dissipation becomes too great, the
regulator will shut down to prevent excessive heating.
Considerable effort was expended to make these devices
easy to use and to minimize the number of external components. It is not necessary to bypass the output, although this
LM109/LM309 5-Volt Regulator
April 1998
does improve transient response somewhat. Input bypassing is needed, however, if the regulator is located very far
from the filter capacitor of the power supply. Stability is also
achieved by methods that provide very good rejection of load
or line transients as are usually seen with TTL logic.
Although designed primarily as a fixed-voltage regulator, the
output of the LM109 series can be set to voltages above 5V,
as shown. It is also possible to use the circuits as the control
element in precision regulators, taking advantage of the
good current-handling capability and the thermal overload
protection.
Features
n Specified to be compatible, worst case, with TTL and
DTL
n Output current in excess of 1A
n Internal thermal overload protection
n No external components required
Schematic Diagram
DS007138-1
© 1999 National Semiconductor Corporation DS007138 www.national.com
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,
please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/
Distributors for availability and specifications.
Input Voltage 35V
Power Dissipation Internally Limited
Operating Junction Temperature Range
LM109 −55˚C to +150˚C
LM309 0˚C to +125˚C
Storage Temperature Range −65˚C to +150˚C
Lead Temperature
(Soldering, 10 sec.) 300˚C
Electrical Characteristics (Note 2)
Parameter Conditions LM109 LM309 Units
Min Typ Max Min Typ Max
Output Voltage T
Line Regulation T
Load Regulation T
TO-39 Package 5 mA ≤ I
TO-3 Package 5 mA ≤ I
Output Voltage 7.40V ≤ V
Quiescent Current 7.40V ≤ VIN≤ 25V 5.2 10 5.2 10 mA
Quiescent Current Change 7.40V ≤ V
Output Noise Voltage T
Long Term Stability 10 20 mV
Ripple Rejection T
Thermal Resistance, (Note 3)
Junction to Case
TO-39 Package 15 15 ˚C/W
TO-3 Package 2.5 2.5 ˚C/W
Note 1: “Absolute Maximum Ratings” indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is
functional, but do not guarantee specific performance limits.
Note 2: Unless otherwise specified, these specifications apply −55˚C ≤ T
for the TO-39 package or I
=
20W.
Note 3: Without a heat sink, the thermal resistance of the TO-39 package is about 150˚C/W, while that of the TO-3 package is approximately 35˚C/W. With a heat
sink, the effective thermal resistance can only approach the values specified, depending on the efficiency of the sink.
Note 4: Refer to RETS109H drawing for LM109H or RETS109K drawing for LM109K military specifications.
OUT
=
=
25˚C 4.7 5.05 5.3 4.8 5.05 5.2 V
j
=
25˚C 4.0 50 4.0 50 mV
j
7.10V ≤ V
=
j
5mA≤I
<
P
5mA≤I
A
≤ 25V
IN
25˚C
≤ 0.5A 15 50 15 50 mV
OUT
≤ 1.5A 15 100 15 100 mV
OUT
≤ 25V, 4.6 5.4 4.75 5.25 V
IN
≤ I
OUT
P
MAX
OUT
=
25˚C 40 40 µV
,
MAX
≤ 25V 0.5 0.5 mA
IN
≤ I
MAX
10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 100 kHz
=
25˚C 50 50 dB
j
≤ +150˚C for the LM109 and 0˚C ≤ Tj≤ +125˚C for the LM309; V
0.5A for the TO-3 package. For the TO-39 package, I
j
MAX
0.8 0.8 mA
=
0.2A and P
=
2.0W. For the TO-3 package, I
MAX
IN
=
10V; and I
MAX
=
1.0A and P
OUT
=
0.1A
MAX
Connection Diagrams
Metal Can Packages
DS007138-33
Order Number LM109H, LM109H/883 or LM309H
See NS Package Number H03A
www.national.com 2
DS007138-34
Order Number LM109K STEEL or
LM309K STEEL
See NS Package Number K02A
Order Number LM109K/883
See NS Package Number K02C
Application Hints
1. Bypass the input of the LM109 to ground with ≥ 0.2 µF
ceramic or solid tantalum capacitor if main filter capacitor is more than 4 inches away.
2. Avoid insertion of regulator into “live” socket if input
voltage is greater than 10V.The output will rise to within
2V of the unregulated input if the ground pin does not
make contact, possibly damaging the load. The LM109
may also be damaged if a large output capacitor is
charged up, then discharged through the internal clamp
zener when the ground pin makes contact.
3. The output clamp zener is designed to absorb transients only. It will not clamp the output effectively if a failure occurs in the internal power transistor structure. Zener dynamic impedance is ≈ 4Ω. Continuous RMS
current into the zener should not exceed 0.5A.
4. Paralleling of LM109s for higher output current is not
recommended. Current sharing will be almost nonexistent, leading to a current limit mode operation for devices
with the highest initial output voltage. The current limit
devices may also heat up to the thermal shutdown point
(≈ 175˚C). Long term reliability cannot be guaranteed
under these conditions.
Crowbar Overvoltage Protection
5. Preventing latchoff for loads connected to negative
voltage:
If the output of the LM109 is pulled negative by a high current supply so that the output pin is more than 0.5V negative
with respect to the ground pin, the LM109 can latch off. This
can be prevented by clamping the ground pin to the output
pin with a germanium or Schottky diode as shown. A silicon
diode (1N4001) at the output is also needed to keep the
positive output from being pulled too far negative. The 10Ω
resistor will raise +V
OUT
by ≈ 0.05V.
DS007138-7
Input Crowbar
DS007138-8
Typical Performance Characteristics
Maximum Average
Power Dissipation (LM109K)
Maximum Average
Power Dissipation (LM309K)
Output Crowbar
*Zener is internal to LM109.
*
Q1 must be able to withstand 7A continuous current if fusing is not used
*
at regulator input. LM109 bond wires will fuse at currents above 7A.
†
Q2 is selected for surge capability. Consideration must be given to filter
capacitor size, transformer impedance, and fuse blowing time.
††
Trip point is ≈ 7.5V.
DS007138-9
Output Impedance
DS007138-16
DS007138-17
DS007138-18
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