National Instruments DAQCARD-700 User Manual
DAQ
DAQCard™-700 User Manual
Multifunction I/O Devices for the PCMCIA Bus
DAQCard-700 User Manual
December 2001 Edition
Part Number 320676D-01
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Important Information
Warranty
The DAQCard-700 is warranted against defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one year from the date of shipment, as evidenced
by receipts or other documentation. National Instruments will, at its option, repair or replace equipment that proves to be defective during the
warranty period. This warranty includes parts and labor.
The media on which you receive National Instruments software are warranted not to fail to execute programming instructions, due to defects
in materials and workmanship, for a period of 90 days from date of shipment, as evidenced by receipts or other documentation. National
Instruments will, at its option, repair or replace software media that do not execute programming instructions if National Instruments receives
notice of such defects during the warranty period. National Instruments does not warrant that the operation of the software shall be
uninterrupted or error free.
A Return Material Authorization (RMA) number must be obtained from the factory and clearly marked on the outside of the package before
any equipment will be accepted for warranty work. National Instruments will pay the shipping costs of returning to the owner parts which are
covered by warranty.
National Instruments believes that the information in this document is accurate. The document has been carefully reviewed for technical
accuracy. In the event that technical or typographical errors exist, National Instruments reserves the right to make changes to subsequent
editions of this document without prior notice to holders of this edition. The reader should consult National Instruments if errors are suspected.
In no event shall National Instruments be liable for any damages arising out of or related to this document or the information contained in it.
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Contents
About This Manual
Conventions ...................................................................................................................vii
National Instruments Documentation ............................................................................viii
Chapter 1
Introduction
About the DAQCard-700...............................................................................................1-1
What You Need to Get Started ......................................................................................1-2
Software Programming Choices ....................................................................................1-2
NI-DAQ...........................................................................................................1-2
National Instruments ADE Software............................................................... 1-3
Custom Cabling .............................................................................................................1-4
Unpacking......................................................................................................................1-5
Safety Information .........................................................................................................1-5
Chapter 2
Installing and Configuring the DAQCard-700
Installing the Software ................................................................................................... 2-1
Installing the Hardware..................................................................................................2-1
Configuring the DAQCard-700 .....................................................................................2-3
Configuring Analog Input ...............................................................................2-3
Analog Input Mode ...........................................................................2-4
Configuring Digital I/O ...................................................................................2-5
Configuring Counters ......................................................................................2-5
Chapter 3
Connecting Signals
I/O Connector ................................................................................................................3-1
Signal Connection Descriptions.....................................................................................3-2
Connecting Analog Input Signals....................................................................3-3
Types of Signal Sources....................................................................3-4
Measurement System Types .............................................................3-4
Input Configurations .........................................................................3-5
Recommended Input Configurations ................................................3-7
Single-Ended Connection Considerations ........................................3-7
Differential Connection Considerations............................................ 3-9
© National Instruments Corporation v DAQCard-700 User Manual
Contents
Connecting Digital I/O Signals ....................................................................... 3-13
Connecting Power ...........................................................................................3-14
Connecting Timers.......................................................................................... 3-15
Chapter 4
Theory of Operation
Functional Overview ..................................................................................................... 4-1
PCMCIA I/O Channel Interface Circuitry .................................................................... 4-3
Analog Input and Data Acquisition Circuitry ............................................................... 4-4
Analog Input Circuitry .................................................................................... 4-5
Data Acquisition Timing Circuitry ................................................................. 4-6
Digital I/O Circuitry ...................................................................................................... 4-8
Timing I/O Circuitry...................................................................................................... 4-9
Appendix A
Data Acquisition Counter and Timing Connections......................... 3-15
General-Purpose Counter and Timing Signal Connections.............. 3-16
Single-Channel Data Acquisition ..................................................... 4-7
Multichannel (Scanned) Data Acquisition ....................................... 4-7
Data Acquisition Rates ..................................................................... 4-7
Specifications
Appendix B
Differences between the PC-LPM-16 and the DAQCard-700
Appendix C
Common Questions
Appendix D
Technical Support Resources
Glossary
Index
DAQCard-700 User Manual vi ni.com
About This Manual
This manual describes the mechanical and electrical aspects of the National
Instruments (NI) DAQCard-700 and contains information concerning its
installation and operation. The DAQCard-700 is a compact, low-cost,
low-power analog input (AI), digital I/O (DIO), and timing I/O (TIO) card
for computers that are equipped with a Type II PCMCIA socket.
Conventions
The following conventions appear in this manual:
<> Angle brackets that contain numbers separated by an ellipsis represent
a range of values associated with a bit or signal name—for example,
DBIO<3..0>.
» The » symbol leads you through nested menu items and dialog box options
to a final action. The sequence File»Page Setup»Options directs you to
pull down the File menu, select the Page Setup item, and select Options
from the last dialog box.
This icon denotes a note, which alerts you to important information.
This icon denotes a caution, which advises you of precautions to take to
avoid injury, data loss, or a system crash. When this symbol is marked on
the product, refer to the Safety Information section of Chapter 1,
Introduction, for precautions to take.
bold Bold text denotes items that you must select or click on in the software,
such as menu items and dialog box options. Bold text also denotes
parameter names.
italic Italic text denotes variables, emphasis, a cross reference, or an introduction
to a key concept. This font also denotes text that is a placeholder for a word
or value that you must supply.
monospace
© National Instruments Corporation vii DAQCard-700 User Manual
Text in this font denotes text or characters that you should enter from the
keyboard, sections of code, programming examples, and syntax examples.
This font is also used for the proper names of disk drives, paths, directories,
programs, subprograms, subroutines, device names, functions, operations,
variables, filenames and extensions, and code excerpts.
About This Manual
PC PC refers to all PC AT series computers with PCI or PXI bus unless
otherwise noted.
PCMCIA PCMCIA is an international standards body and trade association that
promotes the interoperability of PC cards.
Platform
Text in this font denotes a specific platform and indicates that the text
following it applies only to that platform.
National Instruments Documentation
The DAQCard-700 User Manual is one piece of the documentation set for
the data acquisition (DAQ) system. You could have any of several types of
manuals, depending on the hardware and software in the system. Use the
manuals you have as follows:
• Hardware documentation—This documentation has detailed
information about the DAQ hardware that plugs into or is connected to
the computer. Use this documentation for hardware installation and
configuration instructions, specification information about the DAQ
hardware, and application hints.
• Software documentation—You may have both application software
and NI-DAQ documentation. After you set up the hardware, use either
the application software documentation or the NI-DAQ documentation
to help you write your application. NI application software includes
LabVIEW and Measurement Studio. If you have a large, complicated
system, it is worthwhile to look through the software documentation
before you configure the hardware.
• Accessory installation guides or manuals—If you are using accessory
products, read the cable assembly installation guides. They explain
how to physically connect the relevant pieces of the system. Consult
these guides when you make the connections.
DAQCard-700 User Manual viii ni.com
Introduction
This chapter discusses what you need to get started, optional software,
optional equipment, how to unpack the DAQCard-700, and safety
information for using the device.
About the DAQCard-700
The DAQCard-700 is a low-cost, low-power AI, DIO, and TIO card for
computers equipped with a Type II PCMCIA slot. The card has the
following features:
• A 12-bit, successive-approximation A/D converter (ADC) with
16 single-ended or 8 differential analog inputs
• 16 DIO channels: eight lines of TTL-compatible digital input and eight
lines of digital output
• Two 16-bit counter/timer channels for TIO
• A MSM82C54 counter/timer integrated circuit, which provides three
integrated counter/timers
• An optional 50-pin I/O connector, which enables you to easily connect
all the analog, digital, and timing signals to the card
1
The DAQCard-700 is fully software configurable and factory calibrated.
The low power consumption of the DAQCard-700 makes the card ideal for
portable computers, making remote data acquisition more practical. The
card requires very little power when operating and has a standby mode that
uses even less power, thus extending the computer battery life.
In addition, the low cost of a system based on the DAQCard-700 makes
it ideal for laboratory work. The multiple-channel AI capability is useful
in signal analysis and data logging. The 12-bit ADC is suited for
high-resolution applications such as chromatography, temperature
measurement, and DC voltage measurement. The 16 TTL-compatible DIO
lines can be used for switching external devices such as transistors and
solid-state relays, for reading the status of external digital logic, and for
generating interrupts. The counter/timers can be used to synchronize
events, generate pulses, and measure frequency and time.
© National Instruments Corporation 1-1 DAQCard-700 User Manual
Chapter 1 Introduction
Detailed specifications of the DAQCard-700 are in Appendix A,
Specifications.
What You Need to Get Started
To set up and use the DAQCard-700, you will need the following:
❑
DAQCard-700
❑
DAQCard-700 I/O cable
❑ DAQCard-700 User Manual
❑
One of the following software packages and documentation:
– LabVIEW
– Measurement Studio
(for Windows or Mac OS)
(for Windows)
❑
NI-DAQ
❑
The computer
(for PC compatibles or Mac OS)
Software Programming Choices
When programming the National Instruments DAQ hardware, you can use
NI application development environment (ADE) software or other ADEs.
In either case, you use NI-DAQ.
NI-DAQ
NI-DAQ ships with the DAQCard-700 and has an extensive library of
functions that you can call from your ADE. These functions allow you
to use all the features of the DAQCard-700.
NI-DAQ carries out many of the complex interactions, such as
programming interrupts, between the computer and the DAQ hardware.
NI-DAQ maintains a consistent software interface among its different
versions so that you can change platforms with minimal modifications to
your code. Whether you use LabVIEW, Measurement Studio, or other
ADEs, your application uses NI-DAQ, as illustrated in Figure 1-1.
DAQCard-700 User Manual 1-2 ni.com
Chapter 1 Introduction
Conventional
Programming
Environment
DAQ Hardware
Figure 1-1.
NI-DAQ
Driver Software
The Relationship Between the Programming Environment,
NI-DAQ, and Your Hardware
LabVIEW or
Measurement Studio
Personal
Computer or
Workstation
To download a free copy of the most recent version of NI-DAQ, click
Download Software at
ni.com
.
National Instruments ADE Software
LabVIEW features interactive graphics, a state-of-the-art interface, and
a powerful graphical programming language. The LabVIEW Data
Acquisition VI Library, a series of virtual instruments (VIs) for using
LabVIEW with National Instruments DAQ hardware, is included with
LabVIEW.
Measurement Studio, which includes LabWindows/CVI, tools for Visual
C++, and tools for Visual Basic, is a development suite that allows you
to use ANSI C, Visual C++, and Visual Basic to design your test and
measurement software. For C developers, Measurement Studio includes
LabWindows/CVI, a fully integrated ANSI C application development
environment that features interactive graphics and the LabWindows/CVI
Data Acquisition and Easy I/O libraries. For Visual Basic developers,
© National Instruments Corporation 1-3 DAQCard-700 User Manual
Chapter 1 Introduction
Custom Cabling
Measurement Studio features a set of ActiveX controls for using National
Instruments DAQ hardware. These ActiveX controls provide a high-level
programming interface for building virtual instruments. For Visual C++
developers, Measurement Studio offers a set of Visual C++ classes and
tools to integrate those classes into Visual C++ applications. The libraries,
ActiveX controls, and classes are available with Measurement Studio and
NI-DAQ.
Using LabVIEW or Measurement Studio greatly reduces the development
time for your data acquisition and control application.
NI offers two cables, the PR-50-50F and the PR-50-50M, and one cable
termination accessory, the CB-50, for use with the DAQCard-700. The
CB-50 kit includes a terminated, 50-conductor, flat ribbon cable and a
connector block. You can attach signal input and output wires to screw
terminals on the connector block and therefore to the DAQCard-700 I/O
connector.
The CB-50 is useful for the initial prototyping of an application or in
situations in which the DAQCard-700 interconnections are frequently
changed. After you develop a final field wiring scheme, however, you may
want to develop your own cable. This section contains information and
guidelines for the design of custom cables.
The PR-50-50M terminates in a 50-pin, male ribbon cable header
connector, and the PR-50-50F terminates in a 50-pin, female ribbon cable
socket connector. The mating connector for each cable is a 50-position,
polarized, ribbon-socket header. For the PR-50-50M, the mating connector
has strain relief. NI uses a polarized (keyed) connector for each cable to
prevent inadvertent upside-down connections to the DAQCard-700.
The PCMCIA I/O cable connector, like the card connector attached to
the card itself, is a custom-designed part. It is only available as part of the
PR-50-50 cable assembly.
DAQCard-700 User Manual 1-4 ni.com
Unpacking
Chapter 1 Introduction
TheDAQCard-700isshippedinanantistaticpackagetoprevent
electrostatic damage to the device.
Caution
of connectors.
To avoid electrostatic damage to the DAQCard-700, never touch the exposed pins
Because the DAQCard-700 is enclosed in a fully shielded case, no
additional electrostatic precautions are necessary.
Remove the DAQCard-700 from the package and inspect the device for
loose components or any sign of damage. Notify NI if the DAQCard-700
appears damaged in any way. Do not install a damaged device into your
computer.
Store the DAQCard-700 in the antistatic envelope when not in use.
Safety Information
The following section contains important safety information that you must
follow when installing and using the product.
Do not operate the product in a manner not specified in this document.
Misuse of the product can result in a hazard. You can compromise the
safety protection built into the product if the product is damaged in any
way. If the product is damaged, return it to NI for repair.
Do not substitute parts or modify the product except as described in this
document. Use the product only with the chassis, modules, accessories, and
cables specified in the installation instructions. You must have all covers
and filler panels installed during operation of the product.
Do not operate the product in an explosive atmosphere or where there may
be flammable gases or fumes. Operate the product only at or below the
pollution degree stated in Appendix A, Specifications. Pollution is foreign
matter in a solid, liquid, or gaseous state that can reduce dielectric strength
or surface resistivity. The following is a description of pollution degrees:
• Pollution degree 1 means no pollution or only dry, nonconductive
pollution occurs. The pollution has no influence.
© National Instruments Corporation 1-5 DAQCard-700 User Manual
Chapter 1 Introduction
• Pollution degree 2 means that only nonconductive pollution occurs in
most cases. Occasionally, however, a temporary conductivity caused
by condensation must be expected.
• Pollution degree 3 means that conductive pollution occurs, or dry,
nonconductive pollution occurs that becomes conductive due to
condensation.
Clean the product with a soft nonmetallic brush. Make sure that the product
is completely dry and free from contaminants before returning it to service.
Yo u must insulate signal connections for the maximum voltage for which
the product is rated. Do not exceed the maximum ratings for the product.
Remove power from signal lines before connecting them to or
disconnecting them from the product.
Operate this product only at or below the installation category stated in
Appendix A, Specifications.
The following is a description of installation categories:
• Installation category I is for measurements performed on circuits not
directly connected to MAINS
1
. This category is a signal level such as
voltages on a printed wire board (PWB) on the secondary of an
isolation transformer.
Examples of installation category I are measurements on circuits not
derived from MAINS and specially protected (internal)
MAINS-derived circuits.
• Installation category II is for measurements performed on circuits
directly connected to the low-voltage installation. This category refers
to local-level distribution such as that provided by a standard wall
outlet.
Examples of installation category II are measurements on household
appliances, portable tools, and similar equipment.
• Installation category III is for measurements performed in the building
installation. This category is a distribution level referring to hardwired
equipment that does not rely on standard building insulation.
Examples of installation category III include measurements on
distribution circuits and circuit breakers. Other examples of
installation category III are wiring including cables, bus-bars,
1
MAINS is defined as the electricity supply system to which the equipment concerned is designed to be connected either for
powering the equipment or for measurement purposes.
DAQCard-700 User Manual 1-6 ni.com
Chapter 1 Introduction
junction boxes, switches, socket outlets in the building/fixed
installation, and equipment for industrial use, such as stationary
motors with a permanent connection to the building/fixed installation.
• Installation category IV is for measurements performed at the source
of the low-voltage (<1,000 V) installation.
Examples of category IV are electric meters, and measurements on
primary overcurrent protection devices and ripple-control units.
Below is a diagram of a sample installation.
© National Instruments Corporation 1-7 DAQCard-700 User Manual
Installing and Configuring
the DAQCard-700
This chapter describes how to install and configure the DAQCard-700.
Installing the Software
Install the ADE, such as LabVIEW or Measurement Studio, according to
the instructions on the CD and the release notes. After you have installed
the ADE, install NI-DAQ according to the instructions on the CD and the
DAQ Quick Start Guide included with the DAQCard-700.
Note
It is important to install NI-DAQ before installing the DAQCard-700 to ensure that
the DAQCard-700 is properly detected.
Installing the Hardware
The following are general installation instructions. Consult the computer
user manual or technical reference manual for specific instructions and
warnings about installing new devices. Refer to Figure 2-1 when installing
the DAQCard-700.
1. Power off the computer.
2
Note
You must have Card & Socket Services 2.0 or later on the computer.
The DAQCard-700 requires a 32-byte I/O address window and one interrupt level.
2. Insert the DAQCard-700 in any available Type II PC Card slot until the
connector is firmly seated. The DAQCard-700 has two connectors—a
68-pin PCMCIA bus connector on one end and a 50-pin I/O connector
on the other end.
Note
If the computer supports hot swapping, you may insert or remove the DAQCard-700
at any time, whether the computer is powered on or off.
© National Instruments Corporation 2-1 DAQCard-700 User Manual
Chapter 2 Installing and Configuring the DAQCard-700
3. Visually verify the installation by making sure that the DAQCard-700
isfullyinsertedintotheslot.
4. Attach the DAQCard-700 I/O cable.
Note
Be careful not to put strain on the I/O cable when inserting it into and removing it
from the DAQCard-700. Always grasp the cable by the connector you are plugging or
unplugging. Never pull directly on the I/O cable to unplug it from the DAQCard-700.
5. Plug in and power on the computer.
The DAQCard-700 is now installed. You are now ready to configure the
hardware and software and to make the appropriate connections to the
I/O connector cable as described in Chapter 3, Connecting Signals.
Figure 2-1 shows an example of a typical configuration.
Portable
Computer
PCMCIA Socket
DAQCard-700
I/O Cable
CB-50
I/O Signals
®
Figure 2-1. A Typical Configuration for the DAQCard-700
DAQCard-700 User Manual 2-2 ni.com
Configuring the DAQCard-700
Because of the standard NI architecture for data acquisition, the
DAQCard-700 is completely software configurable.
Data acquisition-related configuration, which you must perform, includes
settings such as AI coupling and range. You can modify these settings using
NI-DAQ or application-level software, such as LabVIEW and
Measurement Studio.
To configure the device in Measurement & Automation Explorer (MAX),
refer to the DAQ Quick Start Guide or to the NI-DAQ Function Reference
Help file.
Configuring Analog Input
At startup, the DAQCard-700 defaults to the following configuration:
• Referenced single-ended (RSE) input mode
• ±10 V AI range
Table 2-1 lists the available AI configurations for the DAQCard-700 and
shows the default settings.
Chapter 2 Installing and Configuring the DAQCard-700
Table 2-1.
Parameter Configuration
Analog Input Polarity Bipolar—±10 V (default setting)
Analog Input Mode RSE (default setting)
The AI circuitry is software configurable.
Caution
any of the maximum signal ratings on the DAQCard-700 can result in damage to the
DAQCard-700. NI is not liable for any injuries or damage resulting from incorrect signal
connections.
© National Instruments Corporation 2-3 DAQCard-700 User Manual
Connections, including power signals to ground and vice versa, that exceed
Analog I/O Settings
Bipolar—±5 V
Bipolar—±2.5 V
Differential (DIFF)
Chapter 2 Installing and Configuring the DAQCard-700
Analog Input Mode
The DAQCard-700 has two input modes: RSE and DIFF. RSE input mode
provides 16 channels. DIFF input mode provides eight channels. Table 2-2
describes these modes.
Table 2-2. Analog Input Modes for the DAQCard-700
Analog Input
Modes
RSE Referenced single-ended mode provides
DIFF Differential mode provides eight differential inputs
Description
16 single-ended inputs referenced to analog ground
(default setting).
with the positive (+) input of the instrumentation
amplifier tied to channels 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 and
thenegative(–) input tied to channels 8, 9, 10, 11,
12, 13, 14, or 15, respectively, thus choosing channel
pairs (0, 8), (1, 9), (2, 10), (3, 11), (4, 12), (5, 13),
(6, 14), or (7, 15).
While reading the following paragraphs, you may find it helpful to refer
to the Connecting Analog Input Signals section of Chapter 3, Connecting
Signals, which contains diagrams showing the signal paths for the
two modes. These two modes are software-selectable.
RSE Input Mode (16 Channels, Default Setting)
RSE input mode means that all input signals are referenced to a common
ground point that is also tied to the DAQCard-700 AI ground. The RSE
configuration is useful for measuring floating signal sources. See the Types
of Signal Sources section of Chapter 3, Connecting Signals,formore
information. With this input configuration, the DAQCard-700 can monitor
16 different AI channels.
Considerations for using the RSE input mode are discussed in Chapter 3,
Connecting Signals. Notice that in this mode, the return path of the signal
is analog ground at the connector through the AIGND pin.
DAQCard-700 User Manual 2-4 ni.com
DIFF Input Mode (Eight Channels)
DIFF input mode means that each input signal has its own reference, and
the difference between each signal and itsreference is measured. The signal
and its reference are each assigned an input channel.
Considerations for using DIFF input mode are discussed in Chapter 3,
Connecting Signals. Notice that the signal return path is through the
negative terminal of the instrumentation amplifier and through channel 8,
9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, or 15, depending on which channel pair you select.
Configuring Digital I/O
The DAQCard-700 always uses one 8-bit digital output port and one 8-bit
digital input port.
Configuring Counters
You can use the MSM82C54 for general-purpose applications, such as
pulse and square wave generation, event counting, and pulse-width,
time-lapse, and frequency measurements. For information about
configuring the MSM82C54, refer to the Connecting Timers section
of Chapter 3, Connecting Signals.
Chapter 2 Installing and Configuring the DAQCard-700
© National Instruments Corporation 2-5 DAQCard-700 User Manual
Connecting Signals
This chapter describes the DAQCard-700 I/O connector signals and typical
cable setups.
I/O Connector
Figure 3-1 shows the pin assignments for the DAQCard-700 I/O connector.
This connector is attached to the ribbon cable that extends from the
PCMCIA slot when the card is installed and the cable is connected.
3
Caution
any of the maximum signal ratings on the DAQCard-700 can result in damage to the
DAQCard-700. NI is not liable for any injuries or damage resulting from incorrect signal
connections.
Connections, including power signals to ground and vice versa, that exceed
© National Instruments Corporation 3-1 DAQCard-700 User Manual
Chapter 3 Connecting Signals
AIGND
ACH0
ACH1
ACH2
ACH3
ACH4
ACH5
ACH6
ACH7
DGND
NC
DIN1
DIN3
DIN5
DIN7
DOUT1
DOUT3
DOUT5
DOUT7
EXTINT*
OUT0
OUT1
CLK1
GATE2
+5 V
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39
41
43
45
47
49
2
1
3
5
7
9
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
36
38
40
42
44
46
48
50
AIGND
ACH8
ACH9
ACH10
ACH11
ACH12
ACH13
ACH14
ACH15
NC
DIN0
DIN2
DIN4
DIN6
DOUT0
DOUT2
DOUT4
DOUT6
OUT1*
EXTCONV*
GATE0
GATE1
OUT2
CLK2
DGND
Figure 3-1. DAQCard-700 I/O Connector Pin Assignments
Signal Connection Descriptions
Pin Signal Name Direction Description
1–2 AIGND — Analog Input Ground—These pins are connected to the
AI ground signal.
3–18 ACH<0..15> Input Analog Input Channels 0 through 15—These channels are
available in single-ended mode.
19 DGND — Digital Ground—This pin is connected to the digital ground
signal.
20–21 NC — Not Connected—These pins are not connected.
22–29 DIN<0..7> Input Input Digital Data Lines 0 through 7—DIN7 is the MSB
DAQCard-700 User Manual 3-2 ni.com
(most significant bit), DIN0 the LSB (least significant bit).
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