National Instruments 5441 User Manual
NI 5441 Specifications
NI PXI-5441 16-Bit 100 MS/s Arbitrary Waveform Generator
with Onboard Signal Processing (OSP)
Unless otherwise noted, the following conditions were used for each
specification:
• Analog Filter enabled.
• DAC Interpolation set to maximum allowed factor for a given sample
rate.
• Signals terminated with 50 Ω.
• Direct Path set to 1 V
and High-Gain Amplifier Path set to 12 V
• Sample clock set to 100 MS/s.
Typical values are representative of an average unit operating at room
temperature (25 °C ± 3 °C). Specifications are subject to change without
notice. For the most recent NI 5441 specifications, visit
ni.com/manuals.
To access all the NI 5441 documentation, including the NI Signal
Generators Getting Started Guide, which contains functional descriptions
of the NI 5441 signals, navigate to Start»Programs»National
Instruments»NI-FGEN»Documentation.
, Low-Gain Amplifier Path set to 2 V
pk-pk
.
pk-pk
pk-pk
,
Hot Surface If the NI 5441 has been in use, it may exceed safe handling temperatures and
cause burns. Allow the NI 5441 to cool before removing it from the chassis.
Contents
CH 0 ........................................................................................................ 2
Sample Clock .......................................................................................... 14
Onboard Clock ........................................................................................ 17
Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) Reference Clock .......................................... 17
CLK IN ...................................................................................................18
PFI 0 and PFI 1 .......................................................................................19
DIGITAL DATA & CONTROL (DDC) ................................................ 20
Start Trigger ............................................................................................ 22
Markers ................................................................................................... 24
Arbitrary Waveform Generation Mode ...................................................25
Function Generation Mode ......................................................................28
Onboard Signal Processing......................................................................29
Calibration ...............................................................................................38
Power .......................................................................................................38
Software...................................................................................................39
Environment ............................................................................................40
Safety, Electromagnetic Compatibility, and CE Compliance .................41
Physical....................................................................................................42
Technical Support Resources ..................................................................43
CH 0
(Channel 0 Analog Output, Front Panel Connector)
Specification Val ue Comments
Number of
1 —
Channels
Connector SMB (jack) —
Output Voltage Characteristics
Output Paths 1. The software-selectable Main Output Path setting
provides full-scale voltages from 12.00 V
5.64 mV
into a 50 Ω load. NI-FGEN uses either the
pk-pk
pk-pk
to
—
Low-Gain Amplifier or the High-Gain Amplifier when
the Main Output Path is selected, depending on the Gain
attribute.
2. The software-selectable Direct Path is optimized for
IF applications and provides full-scale voltages from
DAC
1.000 V
16 bits —
to 0.707 V
pk-pk
pk-pk
.
Resolution
NI 5441 Specifications 2 ni.com
Specification Val ue Comments
Amplitude and Offset
Amplitude
Range
Amplitude
Resolution
Offset
Range
Amplitude (V
) 1. Amplitude
pk-pk
values assume
Path Load
Direct 50 Ω 0.707 1.00
1kΩ 1.35 1.91
Minimum Value Maximum Value
the full scale
of the DAC is
utilized. If an
amplitude
smaller than
Open 1.41 2.00
the minimum
value is
Low-
Gain
Amplifier
High-
Gain
Amplifier
50 Ω 0.00564 2.00
1kΩ 0.0107 3.81
Open 0.0113 4.00
50 Ω 0.0338 12.0
1kΩ 0.0644 22.9
desired, then
waveforms
less than full
scale of the
DAC can be
used.
2. NI-FGEN
compensates
for user-
Open 0.0676 24.0
specified
3 digits —
Span of ±25% of Amplitude Range with increments
<0.0014% of Amplitude Range.
Not available on
the Direct Path.
Maximum Output Voltage
Maximum
Output
Vo l t a g e
Path Load Maximum Output Voltage (V
Direct 50 Ω ±0.500
1kΩ ±0.953
Open ±1.000
Low-
Gain
Amplifier
50 Ω ±1.000
1kΩ ±1.905
) The Maximum
pk-pk
Output Voltage
of the NI 5441 is
determined by
the Amplitude
Range and the
Offset Range.
Open ±2.000
High-
Gain
Amplifier
50 Ω ±6.000
1kΩ ±11.43
Open ±12.00
© National Instruments Corporation 3 NI 5441 Specifications
Specification Val ue Comments
Accuracy
DC Accuracy For the Low-Gain or High-Gain Amplifier Path:
±0.2% of Amplitude ± 0.05% of Offset ± 500 µV
(within ±10 °C of self-calibration temperature)
±0.4% of Amplitude ± 0.05% of Offset ± 1mV
(0 °C to 55 °C)
For the Direct Path:
Gain Accuracy: ±0.2% (within ±10 °C of self-calibration
temperature)
Gain Accuracy: ±0.4% (0 °C to 55 °C)
DC Error: ±30 mV (0 °C to 55 °C)
AC Amplitude
±1.0% of Amplitude ± 1mV 50 kHz sine
Accuracy
Output Characteristics
Output
50 Ω nominal or 75 Ω nominal, software-selectable. —
Impedance
Load
Impedance
Output amplitude is compensated for user-specified load
impedances.
Compensation
Output
DC —
Coupling
All paths are
calibrated for
amplitude and
gain errors. The
Low-Gain and
High-Gain
Amplifier Paths
also are
calibrated for
offset errors.
wave.
—
Output
Enable
Software-selectable. When disabled, CH 0 out is terminated
with a 1 W resistor with a value equal to the selected output
—
impedance.
Maximum
Output
Overload
The CH 0 output can be connected to a 50 Ω, ±12 V
(±8 V for the Direct Path) source without sustaining any
damage. No damage occurs if the CH 0 output is shorted to
—
ground indefinitely.
Waveform
Summing
The CH 0 output supports waveform summing among
similar paths—specifically, the outputs of multiple NI 5441
—
signal generators can be connected together.
NI 5441 Specifications 4 ni.com
Specification Val ue Comments
Frequency and Transient Response
Bandwidth 43 MHz Measured at
–3 dB.
DAC Digital
Interpolation
Software-selectable Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter.
Available interpolation factors are 2, 4, or 8.
Filter
Analog
Filter
Passband
Flatness
Pulse
Response
Software-selectable 7-pole elliptical filter for image
suppression.
Path —
Direct Low-Gain
+0.6 dB to –0.4 dB
100 Hz to 40 MHz
+0.5 dB to –1.0 dB
100 Hz to 20 MHz
Amplifiers
High-Gain
Amplifiers
+0.5 dB to –1.2 dB
100 Hz to 20 MHz
Path Analog Filter
Direct
Low-Gain
Amplifier
High-Gain
Amplifier
Rise/Fall Time <5 ns <8 ns <10 ns
Aberration <10% <5% <5%
Refer to the
Onboard Signal
Processing
section for OSP
Interpolation.
Available only
on Low-Gain
Amplifier and
High-Gain
Amplifier Paths.
and DAC
Interpolation
Filter disabled.
© National Instruments Corporation 5 NI 5441 Specifications
2.0
1.0
0.0
–1.0
–2.0
–3.0
–4.0
dB
–5.0
–6.0
–7.0
–8.0
–9.0
–10.0
1.0M 10.0M 48.0M
Guaranteed Specification
Typical
Frequency (Hz)
+0.3 dB
–0.4 dB
+0.4 dB
–0.4 dB
–0.4 dB
Figure 1. Normalized Passband Flatness, Direct Path
2.0
+0.6 dB
1.6
1.2
0.8
0.4
0.0
Amplitude (V)
–0.4
–0.8
–1.2
–1.6
–2.0
0.0 20.0n 40.0n 60.0n 80.0n 100.0n
Time (s)
Figure 2. Pulse Response, Low-Gain Amplifier Path 50
Ω Load
NI 5441 Specifications 6 ni.com
5.0
2.5
0.0
–2.5
–5.0
–7.5
–10.0
–12.5
dBm
–15.0
–17.5
–20.0
–22.5
–25.0
–27.5
–30.0
0.0 20.0M 40.0M 60.0M 80.0M 100.0M 120.0M 140.0M 160.0M 180.0M 200.0M
Frequency (Hz)
Figure 3. Frequency Response of Direct Path, 100 MS/s, 1x DAC Interpolation
Note
Above 50 MHz, the response is the image response.
© National Instruments Corporation 7 NI 5441 Specifications
Specification Val ue Comments
Suggested Maximum Frequencies for Common Functions
Function Path Disable the
Analog Filter
and the DAC
Interpolation
Filter for Square,
Direct
Low-Gain
Amplifier
High-Gain
Amplifier
Sine 43 MHz 43 MHz 43 MHz
Ramp, and
Square Not recommended* 25 MHz 12.5 MHz
Triangle.
Ramp Not recommended* 5MHz 5MHz
* Direct Path is
Triangle Not recommended* 5MHz 5MHz
optimized for the
frequency
domain.
Spectral Characteristics
Signal to
Path Amplitude
Noise and
Distortion
(SINAD)
Direct
Low-Gain
Amplifier
1MHz 64 dB 66 dB 63 dB
10 MHz 61 dB 60 dB 47 dB
20 MHz 57 dB 56 dB 42 dB
30 MHz 60 dB 62 dB 62 dB
40 MHz 60 dB 62 dB 62 dB
43 MHz 58 dB 60 dB 55 dB
High-Gain
Amplifier
–1 dBFS.
Measured from
DC to 50 MHz.
SINAD at low
amplitudes is
limited by a
–148 dBm/Hz
noise floor.
NI 5441 Specifications 8 ni.com
Specification Val ue Comments
Spurious-Free
Path Amplitude
Dynamic
Range
(SFDR) with
Harmonics
Direct
Low-Gain
Amplifier
1MHz –76 dBc –71 dBc –58 dBc
10 MHz –68 dBc –64 dBc –47 dBc
20 MHz –60 dBc –57 dBc –42 dBc
30 MHz –73 dBc –73 dBc –74 dBc
40 MHz –76 dBc –73 dBc –74 dBc
43 MHz –78 dBc –75 dBc –59 dBc
SFDR without
Harmonics
Direct
Path Amplitude
Low-Gain
Amplifier
1 MHz –88 dBFS –91 dBFS –91 dBFS
10 MHz –87 dBFS –89 dBFS –91 dBFS
20 MHz –80 dBFS –89 dBFS –89 dBFS
30 MHz –73 dBFS –73 dBFS –74 dBFS
40 MHz –76 dBFS –73 dBFS –74 dBFS
43 MHz –78 dBFS –75 dBFS –60 dBFS
High-Gain
Amplifier
High-Gain
Amplifier
–1 dBFS.
Measured from
DC to 50 MHz.
Also called
harmonic
distortion.
SFDR with
harmonics at low
amplitudes is
limited by a
–148 dBm/Hz
noise floor. All
values are
typical and
include aliased
harmonics.
–1 dBFS.
Measured from
DC to 50 MHz.
SFDR without
harmonics at low
amplitudes is
limited by a
–148 dBm/Hz
noise floor. All
values are
typical and
include aliased
harmonics.
© National Instruments Corporation 9 NI 5441 Specifications
Specification Val ue Comments
0 ºC to 40 ºC
Path Amplitude
Total
Harmonic
Distortion
(THD)
Direct
Low-Gain
Amplifier
–77 dBc
20 kHz –77 dBc (typical)
(typical)
–70 dBc
1 MHz –75 dBc (typical)
(typical)
5 MHz –68 dBc –68 dBc –55 dBc
10 MHz –65 dBc –61 dBc –46 dBc
20 MHz –55 dBc –53 dBc –40 dBc
30 MHz –50 dBc –48 dBc –38 dBc
40 MHz –48 dBc –46 dBc –34 dBc
43 MHz –47 dBc –45 dBc –33 dBc
0 ºC to 55 ºC
THD
Direct
Path Amplitude
Low-Gain
Amplifier
–76 dBc
20 kHz –76 dBc (typical)
(typical)
High-Gain
Amplifier
–77 dBc (typical)
–62 dBc (typical)
High-Gain
Amplifier
–76 dBc (typical)
–1 dBFS.
Includes the 2
through the 6
harmonic.
–1 dBFS.
Includes the 2
through the 6
harmonic.
nd
th
nd
th
–69 dBc
1 MHz –74 dBc (typical)
(typical)
–61 dBc (typical)
5 MHz –67 dBc –67 dBc –54 dBc
10 MHz –63 dBc –60 dBc –45 dBc
20 MHz –54 dBc –52 dBc –39 dBc
30 MHz –48 dBc –46 dBc –36 dBc
40 MHz –46 dBc –41 dBc –32 dBc
43 MHz –45 dBc –41 dBc –31 dBc
NI 5441 Specifications 10 ni.com
Specification Val ue Comments
Spectral Characteristics (Continued)
Average Noise
Density
Path
Amplitude
Range
V
pk-pk
nV
-----------
dBm dBm/Hz
Average
Noise Density
Hz
dBFS/
Hz
Direct 1 4.0 18 –142 –146.0
Low Gain 0.06 –20.4 9 –148 –127.6
Low Gain 0.1 –16.0 9 –148 –132.0
Low Gain 0.4 –4.0 13 –145 –141.0
Low Gain 1 4.0 18 –142 –146.0
Low Gain 2 10.0 35 –136 –146.0
High Gain 4 16.0 71 –130 –146.0
High Gain 12 25.6 213 –120 –145.6
Average Noise
Density at small
amplitudes is
limited by a
–148 dBm/Hz
noise floor.
© National Instruments Corporation 11 NI 5441 Specifications
10.0
0.0
–10.0
–20.0
–30.0
–40.0
dBm
–50.0
–60.0
–70.0
–80.0
–90.0
0.0 25.0M 50.0M 75.0M 100.0M 125.0M 158.0M 175.0M 200.0M
Frequency (Hz)
Figure 4. 10 MHz Single-Tone Spectrum, Direct Path, 100 MS/s, DAC Interpolation Factor Set to 4
Note
The noise floor in Figure 4 is limited by the measurement device. Refer to the
Average Noise Density specifications.
NI 5441 Specifications 12 ni.com
20.0
10.0
0.0
–10.0
–20.0
–30.0
dBm
–40.0
–50.0
–60.0
–70.0
–80.0
–90.0
0.0 25.0M 50.0M 75.0M 100.0M 125.0M 150.0M 175.0M 200.0M
Frequency (Hz)
Figure 5. 10 MHz Single-Tone Spectrum, Low-Gain Amplifier Path, 100 MS/s, DAC Interpolation Factor Set to 4
Note
The noise floor in Figure 5 is limited by the measurement device. Refer to the
Average Noise Density specifications.
© National Instruments Corporation 13 NI 5441 Specifications
10.0
0.0
–10.0
–20.0
–30.0
–40.0
dBm
–50.0
–60.0
–70.0
–80.0
–90.0
0.0 25.0M 50.0M 75.0M 100.0M 125.0M 150.0M 175.0M 200.0M
Frequency (Hz)
Figure 6. Direct Path, 2-Tone Spectrum (Typical)
Note
The noise floor in Figure 6 is limited by the measurement device. Refer to the
Average Noise Density specifications.
Sample Clock
Specification Val ue Comments
Sources 1. Internal, Divide-by-N (N ≥ 1)
2. Internal, DDS-based, High-Resolution
3. External, CLK IN (SMB front panel connector)
4. External, DDC CLK IN (DIGITAL DATA &
CONTROL front panel connector)
5. External, PXI Star trigger (backplane connector)
6. External, PXI_Trig<0..7> (backplane connector)
NI 5441 Specifications 14 ni.com
Refer to the
Onboard Clock
section for more
information
about internal
clock sources.
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