EFA-200/-300
EM Field Analyzer
Operating Manual
2245/98.22
EFA-200/-300
EM Field Analyzer
2245 /20, 30, Series A ...
Operating Manual
If you have any questions
about this product, please contact
the Sales Company for your locality.
Narda Safety Test Solutions GmbH
Sandwiesenstr. 7
72793 Pfullingen, Germany
© 2006
Order no.: 2245/98.22
Edition : 05/06.03, A ...
Previous Edition: 04/05.03, A ...
Subject to change without notice.
Our normal guarantee and delivery
terms apply.
Printed in Germany
CONTENTS
1Introduction
2 Safety instructions
3 Preparation for use
1.1 About these instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
1.1.1 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
1.1.2 Common features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
1.1.3 Differing features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
1.2 About this operating manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
2.1 Before connecting up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
2.2 Correct use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
2.3 AC Power Supply Unit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
2.4 Faults and excessive stresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
3.1 Unpacking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
3.1.1 Packaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
3.1.2 Checking the package contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
3.1.3 Checking for transport damage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
3.1.4 Recovery after transport and storage . . . . . . . . . 3-1
3.2 Power supply. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
3.2.1 Operation from rechargeable batteries / dry cells 3-2
3.2.2 Charging the rechargeable batteries . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
3.3 Preparing for B-field measurements . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
3.3.1 Measurement setup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
3.3.2 Selecting the probe type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
3.3.3 Connecting / disconnecting the external
B-Field Probe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
3.3.4 Switching on the Basic Unit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
3.4 Preparing for E-field measurements . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
3.4.1 Measurement setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
3.4.2 Assembling the E-Field Unit measurement
setup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
3.4.3 E-Field Unit function test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
4 Control and display elements
4.1 Basic Unit keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
4.2 Basic Unit display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
4.2.1 Liquid crystal display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
4.2.2 Backlight. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
4.2.3 Contrast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
4.3 Basic Unit indicators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6
4.4 E-Field Unit controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
5 Selecting an operating mode
5.1 Operating mode applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
5.2 Operating mode features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
5.2.1 Field Strength mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
5.2.2 Exposure STD mode (Shaped Time Domain) . . . 5-3
5.2.3 Spectrum FFT mode
(Fast Fourier Transformation). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
5.2.4 Harmonic Analysis mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
5.3 Checking the EFA operating modes. . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
6 Operating modes
6.1 Field Strength mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
6.1.1 Activating Field Strength mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
6.1.2 Selecting the measurement range . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
6.1.3 Selecting the detection mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
6.1.4 Selecting the display mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4
6.1.5 Selecting the frequency range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4
6.1.6 Evaluating the results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6
6.1.7 Saving data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8
6.2 Exposure STD mode (Shaped Time Domain) . . . 6-9
6.2.1 Activating STD mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9
6.2.2 Selecting the measurement range . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9
6.2.3 Selecting the display mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10
6.2.4 Frequency range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10
6.2.5 Evaluating the results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10
6.2.6 Saving data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12
6.3 Spectrum FFT mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13
6.3.1 Activating Spectrum FFT mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13
6.3.2 Selecting the measurement range . . . . . . . . . . 6-14
6.3.3 Selecting the measurement mode
(detection mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15
6.3.4 Selecting the display mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15
6.3.5 Selecting the frequency range. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-16
6.3.6 Starting and stopping a measurement. . . . . . . . 6-17
6.3.7 Evaluating measurement results . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-17
6.3.7.1 Zooming in on the frequency axis . . . . . . . . . . . 6-20
6.3.7.2 Zooming in on the measured value axis . . . . . . 6-21
6.3.7.3 Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-22
6.3.7.4 Normalized display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-24
6.3.8 Saving data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-25
6.3.9 Possible problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-25
6.4 Harmonic analysis mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-26
6.4.1 Activating Harmonic Analysis mode . . . . . . . . . 6-26
6.4.2 Selecting the measurement range . . . . . . . . . . 6-27
6.4.3 Selecting the measurement mode
(detection mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-28
6.4.4 Selecting the display mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-28
6.4.5 Selecting the fundamental frequency . . . . . . . . 6-29
6.4.6 Starting and stopping a measurement. . . . . . . . 6-30
6.4.7 Evaluating measurement results . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-31
6.4.8 Saving data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-34
6.4.9 Possible problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-34
7 Measurement data memory
7.1 Saving data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
7.1.1 Saving individual values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2
7.1.2 Recording timer-controlled measurement
sequences (AUTO). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3
7.1.3 Recording spatially assigned measurement
sequences (MATRIX) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7
7.2 Displaying a data set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-14
7.3 Exporting data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-16
7.4 Deleting data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-18
8 Optional functions
8.1 Selecting an alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
8.1.1 Activating the “ALARM” function . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
8.1.2 Entering the alarm threshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2
8.1.3 Activating alarm signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2
8.2 Recording current values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4
8.2.1 Activating the CURRENT function . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4
8.2.2 Entering current values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4
8.2.3 Activating recording of current values . . . . . . . . . 8-5
8.3 Choosing a limit curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5
8.4 Selecting the measurement axis . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-6
8.5 Selecting the measurement units . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-7
8.6 Setting the averaging parameter NAVG . . . . . . . . 8-7
8.7 Editing the frequency selection list . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-8
8.7.1 Activating the “FREQ LISTS” function . . . . . . . . .8-8
8.7.2 Changing the frequency values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-8
8.8 Setting the date and time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-9
8.8.1 Activating the “CLOCK” function . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-9
8.8.2 Setting the current time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-10
8.8.3 Setting the date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-10
9 Device data memory
9.1 Calling up a device setting (User Setup). . . . . . . 9-1
9.2 Scope and content of the default settings
(Factory Default Setup) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
9.3 Saving device settings (User Setup) . . . . . . . . . . 9-4
10 Maintenance and repairs
10.1 Dry cells and rechargeable batteries . . . . . . . . . 10-1
10.1.1 Replacing the rechargeable batteries / dry cells 10-1
10.1.2 Handling rechargeable batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
10.1.3 Lithium battery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
10.1.4 Battery disposal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4
10.2 Software update . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4
10.2.1 Installing the software “EFA-200/-300 Tools”. . . 10-5
10.2.2 Setting up the EFA – PC connection. . . . . . . . . 10-6
10.2.3 Loading the device firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-6
10.3 Transferring STANDARDS parameters . . . . . . . 10-8
10.4 Enabling operating modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-9
10.4.1 Entering the access code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-10
10.5 Reading out the device characteristics . . . . . . 10-11
10.6 Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-12
10.7 Power Supply Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-13
10.7.1 Opening the device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-13
10.7.2 Repairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-13
10.7.3 Spare parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-13
11 Remote control
11.1 Abbreviations used. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1
11.2 Making the connection from EFA to PC . . . . . . . 11-1
11.3 Structure of device-specific commands . . . . . . . 11-3
11.4 Remote control commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-7
11.4.1 Measurement settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-8
11.4.2 Reading out current measurement values . . . . 11-12
11.4.3 Measurement data memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-16
11.4.4 Optional functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-22
11.4.5 General functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-28
11.4.6 Test / Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-28
12 Specifications
12.1 Principle of operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1
12.2 Field Strength mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1
12.2.1 Brief description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1
12.2.2 Frequency range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-2
12.2.3 Measurement range, dynamic range . . . . . . . . . 12-2
12.2.4 Measured value detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-4
12.2.5 Averaging time / Refresh rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-5
12.2.6 Measurement uncertainty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-5
12.2.7 Result display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-6
12.2.8 Frequency measurement
(Broadband setting only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-6
12.2.9 Auxiliary functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-6
12.3 Exposure STD (Shaped Time Domain) mode . .12-7
12.3.1 Brief description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-7
12.3.2 Frequency range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-7
12.3.3 Measurement range, dynamic range . . . . . . . . . 12-7
12.3.4 Limit value curves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-8
12.3.5 Measurement value detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-9
12.3.6 Averaging time / Refresh rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-9
12.3.7 Measurement uncertainty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-9
12.3.8 Result display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-10
12.3.9 Additional functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-10
12.4 Spectrum FFT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-10
12.4.1 Brief description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-10
12.4.2 Frequency range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-11
12.4.3 Measurement range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-11
12.4.4 Recording of measured values . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-14
12.4.5 Averaging / measured value rate . . . . . . . . . . 12-14
12.4.6 Result display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-15
12.4.7 Additional functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-15
12.5 Harmonic Analysis mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-15
12.5.1 Brief description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-16
12.5.2 Frequency range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-16
12.5.3 Result display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-16
12.6 Miscellaneous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-17
12.6.1 Display type and warning devices . . . . . . . . . . 12-17
12.6.2 Data memory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-17
12.6.2.1 Brief description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-18
12.6.2.2 Memory capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-18
12.6.2.3 Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-18
12.6.3 Device settings memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-19
12.6.4 Self test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-19
12.6.5 Remote control interface (serial) . . . . . . . . . . . 12-19
12.6.6 Power supply. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-20
12.6.6.1 Battery operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-20
12.6.6.2 Charger unit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-21
12.7 General specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-21
12.7.1 Climatic environment conditions . . . . . . . . . . . 12-21
12.7.2 Conformance marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-22
12.7.3 Declaration of origin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-22
12.7.4 Maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-22
12.7.4.1 Calibration interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-22
12.7.4.2 Data memory battery (lithium battery) . . . . . . . 12-23
12.8 Dimensions and weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-23
12.9 Ordering information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-23
12.9.1 Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-24
Annex A: Glossary
Annex B: Determining the matrix
Annex C: Fundamentals of FFT
Annex D: Data export format
Index
Operating concept
Chap. 3.3
Chap. 3.4
Chap. 6
Chap. 6
Chap. 7
Chap. 8
Chap. 9
Selecting an
operating mode
Chap. 5
Activating an
operating mode
Measurement
Measurement
data memory
Further
settings
Device
data memory
1 Introduction
1.1 About these instruments
1.1.1 Applications
Many people live and work in the vicinity of power lines and power
distribution equipment. For safety’s sake, it must be ensured that these
people are not exposed to any electromagnetic fields that could be injurious
to health.
Global efforts to introduce effective protection in recent years have led to a
range of national and international guidelines and standards. These set
permitted limit values for electric and magnetic field strengths for various
frequency ranges and signal shapes.
In practice, this means using simple equipment to measure the fields that
occur at a particular location or place of work with sufficient accuracy to
check the effectiveness of protective measures, ensure that the limit values
stipulated by the standards and guidelines are not exceeded and to dispel
any doubts in the minds of those affected. Lightweight, portable, batteryoperated measuring instruments, which cover the dynamic range and
frequencies of interest are needed for this. They must also be easy to use
and deliver results that can be directly compared with the current limit
values.
1.1.2 Common features
The EFA-200 and EFA-300 Field Analyzers are devices for monitoring lowfrequency fields in the range 5 Hz to 32 kHz.
All instrument functions are designed for ease of use under practical
conditions. Operation has been arranged so that the instruments can be set
as simply as possible using function keys and menu keys. Menu keys are
used to switch between the four main menus: MODE, CONFIGURATION,
MEMORY and USER.
The MODE key thus gives access to up to 5 different operating modes.
These modes can be activated individually at any time as needed, so you
can always adapt your EFA to the specific task at hand.
1-1
1 Introduction EFA-200/-300
The MEM key allows you to record a timer-controlled set of measurements
or to save the measured values in a spatial matrix, and to recall the stored
results as required.
The CONF key enables access to additional functions such as activation of
an alarm, entry of date and time information or the selection of stored limit
value curves.
Function keys are used in all menus to enable access to further
measurement functions.
By default, the parameters set the last time the instrument was used are set
automatically when you switch on again. You can continue measuring
straight away. You can also save your own settings under any name and
recall these as required using the USER key.
1.1.3 Differing features
The main differences between the EFA-200 and EFA-300 result from the
different measurement objectives. They are readily apparent from the
different measurement setups that are used.
EFA-200 – magnetic field measurements
The EFA-200 is for measuring magnetic fields.
The measurement setup consists of the Basic Unit and a B-field probe. One
B-field probe is already built in to the Basic Unit. Two external B-field probes
of different designs are available for making more accurate measurements.
1-2
EFA-300 – electric and magnetic field measurements
The EFA-300 additionally measures electric fields.
The measurement setup also includes a Basic Unit, which is identical to the
B-field measuring instrument as regards function and operation. An internal
B-field probe is also fitted and the same external probes can also be used.
E-field measurements become possible when the cube-shaped E-Field Unit
– a precisely aligned plate condenser – is connected. The connection
between the Basic Unit and the E-Field Unit is a fiber optic cable. This
allows the highly-sensitive E-Field Unit to be operated from a distance to
ensure that the effects on the field caused by the operator do not influence
the measurement.
EFA-200/-300 1 Introduction
In this measurement setup, the Basic Unit is only used to operate the
E-Field Unit. The E-Field Unit performs all measurement functions and also
stores the results independently of the Basic Unit. This unusual solution
makes it possible to start a long-term measurement with the E-Field Unit
and then to disconnect the Basic Unit and the fiber optic cable and make
magnetic field measurements using the Basic Unit without the E-Field Unit.
1.2 About this operating manual
The two device types EFA-200 and EFA-300 differ in their measurement
objectives (magnetic flux density or electric field strength). However,
operation of the devices is to a large extent identical since the basic
functions of the EFA-300 and EFA-200 are the same.
This is why it is possible to include both devices in a single operating
manual and consider the two side by side. Important differences in handling
and specifications are covered in the chapters “Preparation for use”,
“Control and display elements” and “Specifications”.
Major differences are found, however, in chapters 5 to 9, which consider the
operation of the devices.
In these chapters, indications that apply to both units refer to the common
name of EFA.
Functions or restrictions that apply to only one of the instruments are
preceded by an appropriate note, e.g. For EFA-200 only.
Restrictions in function are also preceded by appropriate notes. For
example, some of the types of data set cannot be saved as individual values
in the memory. The section “Saving individual values” is therefore prefixed
with the note: For data set types Normal, List, Vector only.
1-3
1 Introduction EFA-200/-300
Notes:
1-4
2 Safety instructions
2.1 Before connecting up
This instrument left the factory in perfect condition. To ensure safe usage
and to preserve it in good condition, please follow the safety instructions
below.
2.2 Correct use
The instrument must only be used under the conditions and for the
purposes for which it was designed.
Electric shock
The EFA range of instruments is not provided with any special insulation
features.
Danger
⇒ Do not touch any parts carrying dangerous voltages with the measuring
instrument or the probe.
Strong fields
Very strong fields occur in the vicinity of powerful radiation sources.
⇒ Persons fitted with electronic implants (pacemakers, etc.) must avoid
such areas.
Danger of explosion
Alkaline batteries can explode if you attempt to recharge them.
⇒ Before starting to recharge the batteries, make sure that rechargeable
cells and not alkaline batteries are fitted in the battery compartment.
⇒ Check that the switch inside the battery compartment is set correctly.
2-1
2 Safety instructions EFA-200/-300
Malfunction
The accuracy and function of the instrument can be impaired by incorrect
use, damage and unauthorized repairs.
Caution
⇒ Only use the instrument under the conditions and for the purposes for
which it was designed.
⇒ Regularly check the instrument for any signs of damage.
⇒ Only allow repairs to be made by trained service engineers.
Unsuitable measuring range
The EFA series of instruments has a limited frequency range that extends
Hz up to 32 kHz. Fields outside this range will normally be assessed
from 5
incorrectly.
⇒ Select a suitable measuring range.
⇒ Only measure within the valid measuring ranges.
2.3 AC Power Supply Unit
Electric shock
Parts carrying live voltages, which may cause injury can be exposed if the
Power Supply Unit is damaged.
Danger
⇒ Never use a damaged Power Supply Unit.
Caution
2-2
Damage
Incorrect AC line voltages, condensation, extreme temperatures and poor
ventilation can all result in damage to the Power Supply Unit.
⇒ Before connecting up the Power Supply Unit check that the operating
voltage of the Power Supply Unit matches the local AC line voltage.
⇒ Do not use a Power Supply Unit if condensation has formed on it. If
condensation is unavoidable, such as when the Power Supply Unit is
cold and is brought into a warmer environment, it must be allowed to dry
out completely before it is connected up.
⇒ Only use the Power Supply Unit indoors at temperatures between +5 °C
and +45 °C.
⇒ Ensure adequate ventilation for cooling during operation.
EFA-200/-300 2 Safety instructions
2.4 Faults and excessive stresses
The instrument must be taken out of service and secured against
unauthorized use if safe operation can no longer be guaranteed. This is the
case, for example:
• if the instrument shows visible signs of damage
• if the instrument no longer functions
• if the instrument has been subjected to excessive stresses of any kind
that are beyond the permitted limits.
In such cases, please contact your local Service Center. The addresses are
listed at the end of this operating manual.
2-3
2 Safety instructions EFA-200/-300
Notes:
2-4
3 Preparation for use
3.1 Unpacking
3.1.1 Packaging
Do not discard the packing materials. These items have been specially
designed to be reused if they are not damaged. Always use the original
packaging when transporting the instrument if possible.
3.1.2 Checking the package contents
Ordering information: see page 12-23
3.1.3 Checking for transport damage
After unpacking, check the instrument and all accessories for transport
damage. Such damage is likely if the packaging itself has been severely
damaged. Do not attempt to use an instrument which is visibly damaged.
3.1.4 Recovery after transport and storage
Condensation may form on an instrument which has been stored or
transported at a low temperature when it is brought into a warm
environment. To prevent any damage, wait until all signs of condensation on
the instrument surfaces have disappeared before switching the instrument
on. The instrument is only ready for use when it has reached the guaranteed
operating temperature range of 0 to +50
°C.
3-1
3 Preparation for use EFA-200/-300
3.2 Power supply
• The EFA-200 / -300 Basic Unit operates from dry cells or rechargeable
batteries.
• The E-Field Unit for the EFA-300 contains built-in rechargeable
batteries.
3.2.1 Operation from rechargeable batteries / dry cells
Replacing the rechargeable batteries / dry cells: see page 10-1
Operation from rechargeable batteries
The Basic Unit is operated from five 1.2 V NiMH batteries (baby or size C,
R 14).
IEC
Fully charged batteries will provide power for about 10 hours of operation.
The batteries are supplied pre-charged, but will need to be fully charged
before the device is used for the first time.
Operation from dry cells
Basic Unit only
Five 1.5 V alkaline batteries (baby or size C, IEC LR 14) can be used in the
Basic Unit instead of rechargeable batteries.
These batteries will provide power for about 20 hours of operation.
3-2
Low battery display
The message “LOW BATTERY” appears in the display when the
rechargeable or dry batteries are almost discharged.
Note: You can continue measurements for about 15 minutes after the
“LOW BATTERY” warning appears.
The built-in lithium battery provides power for the result memory when the
batteries are completely discharged or when they are being replaced.
Lithium battery: see page 10-3
EFA-200/-300 3 Preparation for use
3.2.2 Charging the rechargeable batteries
A complete recharge takes about 3 hours.
Danger of explosion
Alkaline batteries can explode if you attempt to recharge them.
⇒ Before starting to recharge the batteries, make sure that rechargeable
Danger
cells and not alkaline batteries are fitted in the battery compartment.
⇒ Check that the switch inside the battery compartment is set correctly.
Starting the charging cycle
✓ The local AC line voltage matches the operating voltage of the Power
Supply Unit.
✓ The correct AC line adapter has been selected.
1. Connect the Power Supply Unit to the EFA charger socket.
2. Connect the Power Supply Unit to the AC line power supply.
• The charge cycle starts.
The yellow CHARGE indicator LED lights up.
• When the batteries are fully charged, the Power Supply Unit switches
to trickle charge mode automatically. The yellow CHARGE indicator
LED flashes rapidly.
Possible malfunctions
The yellow CHARGE indicator LED flashes slowly.
Batteries are not ready to be charged, e.g. because they have not yet
reached the charging temperature range (+10 °C to +40 °C).
⇒ Stop the charging cycle and start again later.
– or –
⇒ Place the Power Supply Unit and the EFA in a warmer room.
3-3
3 Preparation for use EFA-200/-300
3.3 Preparing for B-field measurements
3.3.1 Measurement setup
The complete measurement setup for measuring a B-field consists of:
• the Basic Unit
• an external B-Field Probe (optional)
No person or object should be between the radiation source and the probe
while the measurement is being made.
3.3.2 Selecting the probe type
B-Field Probes are used to measure magnetic fields. Three different types
are available for use in different environments or for different measurement
purposes.
• Internal B-Field Probe
– The internal B-Field Probe is used when fields are to be detected and
measured with a minimum of work.
– Measurement accuracy: approx. 6 %
• External B-Field Probe with d = 3 cm
– This very small B-Field Probe can be used for pinpoint
measurements in locations that are narrow or difficult to access.
– Measurement accuracy: approx. 6 %
• External precision B-Field Probe with 100 cm2 cross-sectional area
– A probe with an effective cross-sectional area of 100 cm2 is stipulated
for measurements conforming to VDE standard 0848. The large
surface eliminates the effects of small eddy fields and guarantees
highly accurate measurements.
– Measurement accuracy: approx. 3%
Note: Physical constraints result in a higher background display level
when the built-in B-Field Probe and the external 3 cm diameter
field probe are used.
B
It is possible that the sensitive measurement ranges are only
completely usable when the external precision B-Field Probe with
2
100 cm
cross-sectional area is used.
3-4
EFA-200/-300 3 Preparation for use
3.3.3 Connecting / disconnecting the external B-Field Probe
The 12-way connector socket for the external B-field probe is on the head of
the EFA.
Locking sleeve
Figure 3-1 External B-Field Probe
Connecting the B-Field Probe
1. Place the probe on the Basic Unit so that the red triangle on the probe
points in the same direction as the red dot on the Basic Unit.
• Push the plug into the Basic Unit with the locking sleeve until the plug
lock engages.
• The probe is now connected.
• The Basic Unit automatically detects the probe type that has been
connected.
The display shows “B” for B-Field Probe.
Removing the B-Field Probe
⇒ Pull the locking sleeve on the plug towards the probe.
The plug lock disengages and the probe can be removed.
3.3.4 Switching on the Basic Unit
✓ You have made sure that the batteries have enough power for the
measurement.
⇒ Briefly press the ON/OFF key.
The Basic Unit switches on.
The green ON indicator LED lights up.
The function test starts.
3-5
3 Preparation for use EFA-200/-300
Function test
The function test checks the internal memory, display, signal processor and
the internal signal path.
• While the function test is running:
– the test screen is displayed
– the red Alarm LED flashes.
Figure 3-2 Test screen
• If the function test is completed successfully:
– all the settings from the last measurement are retained
– a beep is heard
– the measurement screen is displayed.
– Measurements can now be started.
3-6
Figure 3-3 B-field measurement screen
EFA-200/-300 3 Preparation for use
Possible malfunctions
The instrument does not operate.
The batteries are completely discharged.
⇒ Recharge the rechargeable batteries or replace the dry cells.
Charging the rechargeable batteries: see page 3-3
Replacing the rechargeable batteries / dry cells: see page 10-1
– or –
A fatal error has occurred.
⇒ Perform a reset, possibly also recall basic settings.
Basic Unit keyboard: see page 4-1
Display remains blank after switching on.
Display contrast is set too high / too low.
⇒ Check the display contrast setting.
Contrast: see page 4-5
The default setting always appears after switching on.
The lithium battery is exhausted.
⇒ Contact the Service Center.
Lithium battery: see page 10-3
Two beeps are heard close together.
The self test detected missing data in the device configuration.
⇒ The instrument will be reset to the default setting automatically.
Measurements can be started.
Three beeps are heard close together and the error message “ERROR
DETECTED” appears in the display.
The function test cannot be completed because of an internal fault in the
instrument.
⇒ Contact the Service Center.
3-7
3 Preparation for use EFA-200/-300
3.4 Preparing for E-field measurements
3.4.1 Measurement setup
For EFA-300 only
The E-Field Unit is used to measure electric fields.
Unlike measurements of magnetic fields, electric field measurements are
easily influenced by persons or objects in the vicinity of the sensor.
The complete EFA-300 measurement setup for electric fields includes:
• The E-Field Unit fitted on a tripod
• The Basic Unit
• A fiber optic cable for connecting the E-Field Unit to the Basic Unit
3-8
Basic Unit
Figure 3-4 E-Field Unit measurement setup
The E-Field Unit is a stand-alone instrument that takes care of all
processes, measurements and result storage. The EFA-300 Basic Unit
serves only as a remote control unit in this setup, and can be used for other
measurements once the settings have been made.
Table 3.1 shows the various functions of each part of the measurement
setup.
E-Field Unit
on tripod
EFA-200/-300 3 Preparation for use
Example: The connection to the Basic Unit can be disconnected while the
E field unit makes measurements and stores the results as a stand alone
unit. You can then use the EFA-300 Basic Unit to measure magnetic fields
independently of the E-Field Unit.
‘
EFA-300 Basic Unit
E-Field Unit
Operation x
Measurement x
Functions x
Data memory x
Table 3-1 Functions of measurement setup elements for E-field measurements
Using the E-Field Unit
• The E-Field Unit has excellent isotropic characteristics. It does not need
to be aligned precisely.
• The E-Field Unit, Basic Unit, tripod and fiber optic cable must be
completely dry when the measurement is made.
• Any objects within the electric field and also the floor can distort the field.
The following conditions must be met when the measurement is made:
– The E-Field Unit is mounted on a tripod and insulated from it.
– The tripod and mounting rod have been extended as far as possible.
– No persons are in the immediate vicinity of the sensor.
– No objects, including the Basic Unit, are in the immediate vicinity of
the sensor.
3-9
3 Preparation for use EFA-200/-300
3.4.2 Assembling the E-Field Unit measurement setup
1. Screw the E-Field Unit to the tripod.
2. Connect the fiber optic cable to the E-Field Unit connector socket.
3. Connect the fiber optic cable to the PROBE connector socket of the
EFA-300 Basic Unit. Avoid kinking or bending the fiber optic cable.
• Once switched on, the Basic Unit detects the switched on and
connected sensor and switches to E-field measurement automatically.
• The status of the E-Field Unit is shown on the display of the Basic Unit.
• The internal B-field probe and any external B-field probe that may be
connected are disabled.
Figure 3-5 E-field measurement screen
3.4.3 E-Field Unit function test
Switching on the E-Field Unit
1. Switch on the Basic Unit.
Switching on the Basic Unit: see page 3-5
2. Press the ON/OFF key on the E-Field Unit.
A green LED on the E-Field Unit indicates that the device is ready.
3-10
EFA-200/-300 3 Preparation for use
Possible faults
Faulty operation
Data will be lost in transmission down the fiber optic cable if the cable is
kinked or bent sharply.
Caution
⇒ When assembling the measurement setup, avoid kinking or bending the
fiber optic cable.
The message “LOW BATTERY” appears in the display of the basic unit.
The remaining operating time is about 15 minutes.
The rechargeable batteries in the basic unit must be recharged.
– or –
The rechargeable batteries in the E-Field Unit must be recharged.
1. To determine which set of rechargeable batteries needs recharging,
briefly disconnect the E-Field Unit from the basic unit.
2. If the “LOW BATTERY” message disappears, recharge the batteries in
the E-Field Unit.
– or –
If the message is still displayed, recharge the batteries in the basic unit.
Charging the rechargeable batteries: see page 3-3
A connection between the E-Field Unit and the Basic Unit cannot be
established.
The fiber optic cable plug is incorrectly or incompletely inserted.
⇒ Check the connection of the fiber optic cable to the Basic Unit and the
E-Field Unit. During setup, avoid kinking or bending the fiber optic cable.
3-11
3 Preparation for use EFA-200/-300
Notes:
3-12
4 Control and display elements
For an overview of the position of all control and display elements, see the
figure in the back.
4.1 Basic Unit keyboard
Element Function
ON/OFF key
• Powers up the device with the settings that were
active when it was last powered down.
• Reset: Restarts the instrument when a fatal error
occurs if you hold down the key until the ON
indicator goes out (about 3 seconds).
Function keys
F1, F2, F3, F4 keys
Direct access to functions or sub-menus.
• Function changes according to operating mode and
current menu.
• Current functions are displayed in the display fields
F1 through F4 above the keys.
RUN key
Starts the measurement
• Starts measurement process immediately.
• Start and stops measurement processes in
Spectrum FFT and Harmonic Analysis modes.
• Allows jump back to the Measure menu from any
sub-menu.
Table 4-1 Keyboard overview
4-1
4 Control and display elements EFA-200/-300
Element Function
SAVE key
Saves sets of data.
• Triggers the save action in the MEM menu.
• Saves
– individual data sets
– individual spectra
– individual result lists
Navigation keys
UP key
Step key for entering numerical data or selecting from
menus.
• Increments the numerical value by 1.
• Shifts the selection up one line.
• Changes the contrast if the contrast setting is
activated.
Hold down the key to increase the rate of change.
DOWN key
Step key for entering numerical data or selecting from
menus.
• Decrements the numerical value by 1.
• Shifts the selection down one line.
• Changes the contrast if the contrast setting is
activated.
Hold down the key to increase the rate of change.
NEXT key
Step key for moving from one number field to the next.
• Shifts the active entry field for a numerical
parameter one place to the right.
• Enables operation of the cursor in Spectrum FFT
mode.
• Enables the results list in Harmonic Analysis mode.
• Enables fast access to the frequency ranges in
Field Strength mode.
4-2
Table 4-1 Keyboard overview
EFA-200/-300 4 Control and display elements
Element Function
ESC key
Jumps from a sub-menu back to the next higher menu
level.
• Rejects a change in a numerical entry.
• Rejects a change in a selection.
ENTER key
Concludes entries and exits from the menu
• Confirms:
– a selection from a list
– entries
– changes in a numerical value
• Opens sub-menus.
• Opens entry fields for numerical values.
• Toggles between two possibilities for a function.
Menu keys
USER key
Opens the USER menu.
• Saves up to four user-defined settings.
• Opens:
–user defined settings (User Setup)
– factory settings (Factory Default Setup)
MEM key
Opens the MEM menu.
• Selects:
– timer controlled measurement sequences
– spatially assigned measurement values
• Displays saved data sets.
• Deletes individual data sets or the entire data
memory.
Table 4-1 Keyboard overview
4-3
4 Control and display elements EFA-200/-300
Element Function
CONF key
Opens the CONFG menu.
• Enables:
– selection of the alarm function
– selection of the measurement unit
– selection of current value documentation
– setting of date and time
– editing of the frequency list
– selection of standards
– selection of measurement axes
– readout of service information
• Reset: Resets the instrument to the default settings
and clears the measurement data and instrument
memories if you hold down the key until a double
beep is heard when switching on.
MODE key
Opens the MODE menu.
• Selects operating modes.
Display optimization keys
LIGHT key
Switches the display backlight on or off.
4-4
CONTRAST key
Switches the contrast function on.
Table 4-1 Keyboard overview
EFA-200/-300 4 Control and display elements
4.2 Basic Unit display
4.2.1 Liquid crystal display
The content and format of the display vary greatly according to the
operating mode. Section 6 (Operating modes) explains these displays with
illustrations.
4.2.2 Backlight
Note: The display backlight uses a lot of energy and should therefore only
be used when absolutely necessary.
Switching on the backlight
⇒ Press the LIGHT key.
The display backlight switches on.
Switching off the backlight
The display backlight switches off automatically after one minute.
– or –
⇒ Press the LIGHT key.
The display backlight switches off.
4.2.3 Contrast
Setting the contrast
1. Press the CONTRAST key.
The CONTRAST menu appears.
2. Use the UP/DOWN keys to change the contrast setting.
The bar indicates the display contrast. Its length depends on the setting.
3. Press any key except UP/DOWN.
The CONTRAST menu closes. The menu previously activated is
displayed again.
4-5
4 Control and display elements EFA-200/-300
Figure 4-1 Display when setting the contrast
4.3 Basic Unit indicators
Element Function
ON INDICATOR, GREEN
Indicates that the instrument is ready to use.
CHARGE INDICATOR, YELLOW
Battery charging indicator
• On continuously during charging.
• Flashes slowly if there is a fault during charging.
• Flashes rapidly when trickle-charging.
ALARM INDICATOR, RED
Alarm indicator
• Flashes during the self test.
• Flashes if the alarm threshold is exceeded when
the alarm function is activated.
BEEP ALARM
Built-in audible alarm indicator
• Emits a continuous tone when the alarm threshold
is exceeded.
• Emits a continuous tone when the measured value
is outside the measurement range.
• Emits two beeps after a successful self test.
• Emits two or three beeps when a fault occurs.
4-6
Table 4-2 Overview of indicators
EFA-200/-300 4 Control and display elements
4.4 E-Field Unit controls
Element Function
ON/OFF key
• Starts the E-Field Unit.
ON INDICATOR, GREEN
Indicates that the device is ready to use.
CHARGE INDICATOR, YELLOW
Battery charging indicator
• On continuously during charging.
• Flashes slowly if there is a fault during charging.
• Flashes rapidly when trickle-charging.
Table 4-3 E-Field Unit controls
4-7
4 Control and display elements EFA-200/-300
Notes:
4-8
5 Selecting an operating mode
5.1 Operating mode applications
Suitable for evaluating:
Fields of one
specific frequency
• Transformer
stations
• Railroad lines
• High tension
lines
• RF heating /
smelting
Field strength very good satisfactory –
Exposure STD very good very good very good
Spectrum FFT good very good restricted
Harmonic
Analysis
– very good restricted
Multiple
frequency fields
• Transformer
• Railroad lines
• Offices
• Production lines
stations
Pulsed fields
• Welding
equipment
Table 5-1 Overview of the suitability of operating modes for various measurement
tasks
5-1
5 Selecting an operating mode EFA-200/-300
5.2 Operating mode features
5.2.1 Field Strength mode
Selective and broadband time-domain measurements
Figure 5-1 Field Strength mode measurement screen
5-2
Measurement aim: Measurement of overall field strength or the field strengths
of individual frequency components.
Measurand: RMS or peak field strength value.
Frequency of main field source.
Display: Numerical display of measurement result.
Special features: Freely selectable bandpass and stop-band filters.
EFA-200/-300 5 Selecting an operating mode
5.2.2 Exposure STD mode (Shaped Time Domain)
Broadband measurement with simultaneous limit value evaluation in
real time
Figure 5-2 STD evaluation mode measurement screen
Measurement aim: Rapid, reliable evaluation of field exposure with reference to
Measurand: Field exposure as a percentage of the field strength limit.
Display: Numerical display of measurement result.
Special features: Various limit value curves can be selected.
a prescribed limit value curve.
Easy to use.
5-3
5 Selecting an operating mode EFA-200/-300
5.2.3 Spectrum FFT mode (Fast Fourier Transformation)
Recording of curves (time domain) with subsequent determination of
spectra (frequency domain)
)
Figure 5-3 Spectrum FFT mode measurement screen
Measurement aim: Measurement of the field strengths of all frequency
Measurand: RMS or peak field strength value for each frequency
Display: Graphical display of spectrum.
Special features: Rapid assessment of relevance by means of a display
components.
Spectrum analysis of simultaneously occurring fields.
component analyzed.
Precise display of frequency and field strength possible
using cursor functions.
standardized on the limit curve.
5-4
EFA-200/-300 5 Selecting an operating mode
5.2.4 Harmonic Analysis mode
Spectrum analysis with subsequent result evaluation
Figure 5-4 Harmonic Analysis mode measurement screen
Measurement aim: Measuring the harmonics of a fundamental wave.
Contactless check of quality of an energy supply.
Measurand: RMS or peak value of fundamental wave field strength and
Display: Graphical display of spectrum during the measurement.
Special features: –
fundamental wave frequency.
Harmonic ratios.
Evaluation results are then shown as a table.
5-5
5 Selecting an operating mode EFA-200/-300
5.3 Checking the EFA operating modes
Field Strength and Exposure STD modes are always available.
Other operating modes can be enabled.
Is the selected operating mode enabled?
⇒ Press the MODE key.
All available operating modes will be displayed.
Enabling an operating mode
Enabling operating modes: see page 10-9
5-6
6 Operating modes
6.1 Field Strength mode
The magnetic flux density or the electric field strength (RMS value or peak
value) within a selected frequency range is determined in “Field strength”
mode.
Frequency range classes
You can select one of the following three frequency range classes
(frequency filters):
Frequency range
class
BROAD BAND
(broadband filter)
BAND PASS
(bandpass filter)
BROAD BAND
(stop band filter)
Table 6-1 Frequency range classes (frequency filters)
Explanation
Measurement of all the signal components that are within a
selected (broad) frequency range.
Measurement of all the signal components that are within a
narrow frequency range.
Measurement of all the signal components that are within the
frequency range [5
narrow frequency range. The signals in this “unwanted”
frequency range are suppressed.
Hz to 2 kHz] with the exception of a
Frequency measurement
A frequency measurement is additionally performed for the “BROAD BAND”
frequency range class.
This frequency measurement is based on counting the number of zero
crossings of the signal and is therefore basically suitable for measuring
fields with one dominant frequency.
The field strength required for a measurement depends on the selected
measurement range.
6-1
6 Operating modes EFA-200/-300
6.1.1 Activating Field Strength mode
1. Press the MODE key.
The MODE menu lists all available operating modes.
2. Use the UP/DOWN keys to select the “FIELDSTRENGTH” function.
3. Press the ENTER key to confirm your selection.
The Field Strength measurement screen is displayed.
Figure 6-1 Field Strength mode measurement screen
6.1.2 Selecting the measurement range
There are two ways to select the measurement range:
• By selecting a value from a selection menu
• By activating the “AUTO” function
The instrument selects the range matching the measured value
automatically.
6-2
Selecting a value from a selection menu
1. Press key F1 to open the selection menu.
2. Select the range using the UP/DOWN keys.
3. Press the ENTER key to confirm your selection.
The selected measurement range is shown in the display field F1.
Note: If the Alarm function is used, a higher measurement range than the
alarm threshold must be selected.
– or –
Activating the “AUTO” function
1. Press key F1 to open the selection menu.
2. Select the “AUTO” function using the UP/DOWN keys.
EFA-200/-300 6 Operating modes
3. Press the ENTER key to confirm your selection.
The automatically selected measurement range is shown with “AUTO”
below it in the display field F1.
Possible faults
The over-range screen is displayed.
Figure 6-2 Over-range screen
The selected range is not suitable for the field being measured. The
measurement range has been exceeded.
⇒ Select a higher measurement range.
The selected range remains active even after the “AUTO” function has
been selected.
The “MAX” function is activated.
⇒ Switch off either the “AUTO” or the “MAX” function.
6.1.3 Selecting the detection mode
Two detection modes can be selected:
• RMS: The overall RMS value is calculated from the RMS values for the
three measurement axes (isotropic measurement only).
• VECT PEAK: The peak value is calculated from the peak values of the
field vector. The phases of the three measurement axes are taken into
account (isotropic measurement only).
⇒ Press key F2 to toggle between the two detection modes.
The selected detection mode is shown in display field F2.
6-3
6 Operating modes EFA-200/-300
6.1.4 Selecting the display mode
Two display modes can be selected:
• LIVE: Digital and analog displays show the current measurement value.
• MAX: Digital and analog displays show the highest measurement value
that has occurred since the “MAX” function was activated.
⇒ Press key F3 to toggle between the two display modes.
The selected display mode is shown in display field F3.
The “MAX” display value is cleared when you switch to LIVE mode.
6.1.5 Selecting the frequency range
The available frequency ranges are split into three broad classifications:
• BROAD BAND (broad band filter): Four settings covering the frequency
range from 5 Hz to 32 kHz are defined in a selection list.
• BAND PASS (bandpass filter): Six values are defined in a selection list.
Only the selected frequency is observed during the measurement.
• BAND STOP (stop band filter): Six values are defined in a selection list.
The frequency range between 5
stop band frequency is observed during the measurement.
For the two last filters, one of these values can be entered as a variable
frequency range.
Entering a variable filter frequency: see page 6-5
All six predefined frequency ranges can be varied in the CONFG menu.
Editing the frequency selection list: see page 8-8
Tip: You can save your defined frequency ranges as a user setup.
Calling up a device setting (User Setup): see page 9-1
Hz and 2 kHz except for the selected
6-4
EFA-200/-300 6 Operating modes
Selecting the frequency range
1. Press key F4 to open the FILTER sub-menu.
The functions for keys F1 to F4 change.
• Key F1: BROAD BAND
• Key F2: BAND PASS
• Key F3: BAND ST0OP
2. Use one of the keys F1 to F3 to select the filter required.
A selection list pops up.
3. Use the UP/DOWN keys to select the frequency range.
4. Press the ENTER key to confirm your selection.
The selected filter is shown in display field F4.
The measurement screen is displayed.
Entering a variable filter frequency
In addition to the fixed filter frequencies, you can enter one variable
frequency per filter in the range from 15 Hz to 2 kHz with a resolution of
0.1 Hz.
✓ The FILTER menu is open.
1. Press key F4.
The FILTR / VAR sub-menu opens.
The first digit of the active filter is highlighted in black.
2. Change the digit using the UP/DOWN keys.
3. Move to the next digit using the NEXT key.
4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 for the remaining digits.
5. Press the ENTER key to confirm the change.
The altered value is now present in the selection list for the active filter
and can be selected from there.
Fast switching between filters
The NEXT key can be used during the measurement to access a mode
allowing rapid switching between the various filters.
✓ The measurement screen is displayed.
1. Press the NEXT key.
The functions of keys F1 through F4 change.
• Key F1: BROAD BAND
• Key F2: BAND PASS
• Key F3: BAND STOP
6-5
6 Operating modes EFA-200/-300
2. Switch between the filters using keys F1 through F3.
The last active frequency range of the selected filter is activated and
indicated in the display field F4.
The measured value changes according to the selected frequency
range.
3. Press the ESC key to return to normal measurement mode.
6.1.6 Evaluating the results
Evaluating the measurement screen
2
1
34
11
5
6
10 9 8 7
Figure 6-3 Display elements in the measurement screen for Field Strength mode
No. Function
1 Field quantity, in this case B-field.
2 Measurement axis, in this case X axis.
Without subscript: ISOTROPIC measurement
3 Digital display of measured value.
4 Units of measurement.
Table 6-2 Screen evaluation for Field Strength mode
6-6
EFA-200/-300 6 Operating modes
No. Function
5 Result validity indicator:
• No icon: Computation of measured value complete
• “■”: Note
Internal calculation of result in progress, duration 1 sec.
• “ “: Warning
Measurement range exceeded
The selected range is unsuitable for measuring the field
under observation.
6 Frequency counter value
(for broadband filter frequency range only).
7 Display field F4: Display of selected frequency range.
8 Display field F3: Display of selected display mode.
9 Display field F2: Display of selected detection mode.
10 Display field F1: Display of selected measurement range.
11 Bargraph: Analog display of measured value.
Table 6-2 Screen evaluation for Field Strength mode
Evaluating the bargraph
The analog display provides support in evaluating the result. The display
scale depends on the selected measurement range.
Selected measurement range Display range Example
AUTO 10 nT to 100 mT
Fixed range
(from selection list)
Table 6-3 Bargraph evaluation
in logarithmic steps of 1, 2, 5
(0.002 to 2) x fixed range
in logarithmic steps of 1, 2, 5
Figure 6-4, left
Figure 6-4, right
6-7
6 Operating modes EFA-200/-300
Figure 6-4 Analog result display scaling
6.1.7 Saving data
Data can be captured and stored in the measurement data memory in the
following ways in Field Strength mode:
• Save individual values
Saving individual values: see page 7-2
• Record measurement values over a defined period of time
Recording timer-controlled measurement sequences
(AUTO): see page 7-3
• Save measurement values for a spatial area
Recording spatially assigned measurement sequences
(MATRIX): see page 7-7
Left: Result display for AUTO range mode
logarithmic scale 10 nT to 100 mT
Right: Result display for fixed ranges
logarithmic scale, here from 0.2 nT to 200 nT
6-8
EFA-200/-300 6 Operating modes
6.2 Exposure STD mode (Shaped Time Domain)
The features of the “Exposure STD” mode are very versatile, providing
useful results for various application areas. This includes:
• Consideration of different limit curves (standards) in measurement.
The smallest value that can be shown in the basic display depends on
the selected standard.
• Measurement at unknown frequencies
• Measurement of pulsed fields
• Simultaneous detection of several fields on different systems
6.2.1 Activating STD mode
1. Press the MODE key.
The MODE menu lists all available operating modes.
2. Use the UP/DOWN keys to select EXPOSURE STD mode.
3. Press the ENTER key to confirm your selection.
The measurement screen for Exposure STD mode is displayed.
Figure 6-5 Exposure STD measurement screen
6.2.2 Selecting the measurement range
Six limit value curves are loaded in the STANDARDS menu. Special
instrument settings that can only be changed by the manufacturer are
defined for each of these limit value curves.
⇒ Select a limit value curve from the STANDARDS menu.
Display field F1 shows the name of the selected limit value curve.
6-9
6 Operating modes EFA-200/-300
6.2.3 Selecting the display mode
Two display modes can be selected:
• LIVE: Digital and analog displays show the current measurement value.
• MAX: Digital and analog displays show the highest measurement value
that has occurred since the “MAX” function was activated.
⇒ Press key F3 to toggle between the two display modes.
The selected display mode is shown in display field F3.
The “MAX” display value is cleared when you switch to LIVE mode.
6.2.4 Frequency range
• The frequency range is pre-set at 5 Hz to 32 kHz and cannot be
changed.
• The frequency range is displayed in display field F4.
6.2.5 Evaluating the results
Evaluating the measurement screen
2
1
3
6-10
8
7
Figure 6-6 Exposure STD mode measurement screen display elements
56
4
EFA-200/-300 6 Operating modes
No. Function
1 Field quantity, in this case B-field
2 Measurement axis shown as suffix;
no suffix in this example = ISOTROPIC measurement
3 Digital display of measured value
The measured value is displayed as a % of the field
strength limit defined in the limit curve.
4 Result validity indicator:
• No icon: Computation of measured value complete
• “■”: Note
Internal calculation of result in progress, duration 1 sec.
• “ “: Warning
Measurement range exceeded
The selected range is unsuitable for measuring the field
under observation.
5 Display field F4: Display of fixed frequency range setting.
6 Display field F3: Display of selected digital display mode
7 Display field F1: Name of the limit value curve selected in
the
STANDARDS menu.
8 Bargraph: Analog display of measured value
Display range: 0.2 % to 200 %
in logarithmic steps of 1, 2, 5
Table 6-4 Exposure STD mode screen evaluation
Note: The displayed field exposure takes into account all signals in the
fixed frequency range setting and the shape of the selected limit
curve. Depending on the selected limit curve, the basic display can
range up to 4%.
6-11
6 Operating modes EFA-200/-300
6.2.6 Saving data
Data can be captured and stored in the measurement data memory in the
following ways in Exposure STD mode:
• Save individual values
Saving individual values: see page 7-2
• Record measurement values over a defined period of time
Recording timer-controlled measurement sequences
(AUTO): see page 7-3
• Save measurement values for a spatial area
Recording spatially assigned measurement sequences
(MATRIX): see page 7-7
6-12
EFA-200/-300 6 Operating modes
6.3 Spectrum FFT mode
The Spectrum FFT mode has two operating states:
• Run: The spectrum is continuously measured and displayed. After
selecting the mode, “Run” is the default active state. Measurement
begins immediately. The “Run” state is indicated using the icon in the
measurement screen.
• Stop: Recording of measured values is halted. In this state you can
evaluate previously recorded measured values. The “Stop” state is
indicated by the
icon in the measurement screen.
6.3.1 Activating Spectrum FFT mode
1. Press the MODE key.
All modes are listed in the MODE menu.
2. Use the UP/DOWN keys to select “SPECTRUM FFT”.
3. Press the ENTER key to confirm your selection.
The measurement screen for Spectrum FFT mode appears.
Figure 6-7 The Spectrum FFT mode measurement screen
6-13
6 Operating modes EFA-200/-300
6.3.2 Selecting the measurement range
There are three ways to choose the measurement range:
• Choose a value from the selection menu
• Activate the “AUTO” function.
The device automatically uses the proper measurement range.
• Activate a limit curve
The standard chosen in the STANDARDS menu is activated when
choosing the measurement range.
Choosing a limit curve: see page 8-5
Choosing a value from a selection menu
✓ The device should be in the “RUN” state.
✓ The measurement screen should be active.
1. Press the F1 key until the selection list appears.
2. Use the UP/DOWN keys to choose the measurement range.
3. Press the ENTER key to confirm your selection.
The selected measurement range will appear in display field F1.
– or –
Activating the “AUTO” function
✓ The device should be in the “RUN” state.
✓ The measurement screen should be active.
1. Press the F1 key until the selection list appears.
2. Use the UP/DOWN keys to choose the “AUTO” function.
3. Press the ENTER key to confirm your selection.
The automatically selected measurement range will appear in display
field F1 with “AUTO” below it.
– or –
6-14
Activating a limit curve
✓ The device should be in the “RUN” state.
✓ The measurement screen should be active.
1. Press the F1 key until the selection list appears.
2. Use the UP/DOWN keys to select the name of the standard entered in
the STANDARDS menu.
Choosing a limit curve: see page 8-5
EFA-200/-300 6 Operating modes
3. Press the ENTER key to confirm your selection.
The name of the standard entered in the STANDARDS menu will
automatically appear in display field F1.
Note: Recording of measured values begins after the measurement
range is selected. If AVG RMS was chosen as the detection range,
averaging is also restarted.
6.3.3 Selecting the measurement mode (detection mode)
Annex C: Fundamentals of FFT: see page C-1
You can choose among three detection modes:
• ACT RMS: The RMS value of each spectral line can be measured. The
measurement result is not a function of the signal’s polarization.
• AVG RMS: The spectrum is averaged over a number NAVG of
successive spectra. This is a way of reducing noise, displaying lower
measured values and choosing an averaging time. The progress is
displayed using the validity indicator.
Setting the averaging parameter NAVG: see page 8-7
• VECT PEAK: The peak value of individual spectral lines can be
measured.
Depending on the signal’s polarization, this measured value lies
between ACT RMS and a value 3 dB higher.
✓ The device should be in the “RUN” state.
⇒ To switch between detection modes, press the F2 key.
The selected detection mode appears in display field F2.
Note: When you switch to the AVG RMS mode, averaging is restarted.
6.3.4 Selecting the display mode
Annex C: Fundamentals of FFT: see page C-1
You have a choice of two display modes:
• LIVE: The resulting spectrum is displayed.
• MAX: For each spectral line, the maximum value is determined and
displayed on the screen. For the functions “ZOOM” and “MARKER”, the
full resolution is available.
✓ The device should be in the “RUN” state.
6-15
6 Operating modes EFA-200/-300
⇒ To switch between display modes, press the F3 key.
The selected display mode appears in display field F3.
The display value “MAX” is cleared when switching to LIVE.
Note: When switching from MAX to LIVE, averaging is restarted if AVG
RMS was chosen as the detection mode.
6.3.5 Selecting the frequency range
There are two possible frequency ranges:
• 5 Hz...2 kHz,
Internal resolution of the display with the graphical marker: 0.1 Hz
Overlapping real-time operation: see page C-2
• 40 Hz...32 kHz,
Internal resolution of the display with the graphical marker:
1 Hz
Selecting the frequency range
✓ The device should be in the “RUN” state.
✓ The measurement screen should be active.
1. Press the F4 key until the selection list for the frequency ranges appears.
2. Use the UP/DOWN keys to select the frequency range.
3. Press the ENTER key to confirm your selection.
The selected filter is shown in display field F4.
The frequency axis in the display is set to the selected frequency range.
Note: Recording of measured values begins after the frequency range is
selected. If AVG RMS was chosen as the detection range,
averaging is also restarted.
6-16
EFA-200/-300 6 Operating modes
6.3.6 Starting and stopping a measurement
Starting a measurement
✓ The device should be in the “Stop” state. The “Stop” state is indicated
with the icon in the measurement screen.
⇒ Press the RUN key.
The device should now be in the “RUN” state.
The “Run” state is indicated with the icon in the measurement screen.
Recording of measured values begins anew, and the validity indicator
appears until the end of the computation.
Stopping a measurement
✓ The device should be in the “RUN” state. The “Run” state is indicated
with the
✓ The validity indicator is no longer displayed.
⇒ Press the RUN key.
The device should be in the “Stop” state.
The “Stop” state is indicated with the icon the measurement screen.
The F2 and F3 keys are deactivated.
Note: The measurement should not be halted to evaluate results until the
icon in the measurement screen.
validity indicator no longer appears in the display.
The validity indicator indicates that internal measured value
computation is still underway. In this case, the averaging of the
measurement results has not yet taken place over the defined
number of single values (NAVG) at the start of the measurement.
Until this state occurs, the displayed measured value has not yet
obtained its final value.
6.3.7 Evaluating measurement results
Evaluating the measurement screen
Note: To be able to simultaneously display the extensive measurement
range on the measurement screen, the measured value axis is
scaled in dB.
Scaled measured value axis (dB scale): see page A-5
6-17
6 Operating modes EFA-200/-300
1
2
34
11
5
10
987
Figure 6-8 Display elements of the measurement screen for Spectrum FFT mode
No. Function
1 Field quantity, here the B field
2 Measurement axis, here the Z axis
without footnote: ISOTROPIC
3 Measured value axis
4 Graphical display of the measured values
5 Frequency axis
6 Display field F4: Display of the selected frequency range
7 Display field F3: Display of the selected display mode
8 Display field F2: Display of the selected detection mode
Table 6-5 Screen evaluation for Spectrum FFT mode
6
6-18
EFA-200/-300 6 Operating modes
No. Function
9 Display field F1: Display of the selected measurement
range
10 Validity indicator:
• No icon: Internal measured value computation
complete.
• “■”: Note
Internal measured value computation is underway. The
displayed measured value has not yet reached its final
value.
• “ “: Warning
Measurement range violation
The selected measurement range is unsuitable for the
field being measured.
11 Display of the operating state
• “ “: Run state
Measurement is underway. The spectrum is
continuously recorded and displayed.
• “ “: Stop state:
Recording of further measured values has halted.
Table 6-5 Screen evaluation for Spectrum FFT mode
Evaluating a measurement curve
There are three tools available to evaluate a measurement curve.
• Zoom:
The resolution can be individually selected for each of the axes to enable
more accurate monitoring of individual ranges.
Zoom can be used in the “Stop” state and also in the “Run” state.
• Markers:
A graphical tool for direct display of the nine highest measured values
within the measured frequency range. Evaluations with the marker are
possible only in the “Stop” state.
• Normalized display: Only with the “Standard” measurement range.
Display of measured values referred (normalized) to the limit.
6-19
6 Operating modes EFA-200/-300
6.3.7.1 Zooming in on the frequency axis
The frequency axis can be displayed in two modes.
Figure 6-9 Frequency axis display modes:
Left: Full scale
The frequency axis is logarithmic and represents the entire frequency
range shown in display field F4.
Division of the logarithmic frequency axis: 1, 2, 5, 10
Right: Zoom
The frequency axis is displayed with linear division in a defined range.
The displayed range is a section of the frequency range from display
field F4.
Division of the linear frequency axis: 10 Hz/smaller line or 100 Hz/
smaller line, depending on the frequency range
1. Press the F4 key.
Display fields F2 and F3 change their usage.
F2: XSCAL; F3: XPOS (displayed only if “Zoom” is already activated)
Display field F1 disappears.
2. Press the F2 key (only if “Zoom” is already activated. Otherwise continue
with 3).
The black background changes to display field F3.
The “ZOOM” function is activated.
3. Use the UP/DOWN keys to switch between the “Zoom” display range
and the “Full Scale” range.
Depending on the zoom selection, the X axis will either be logarithmic or
linear.
4. If the “Zoom” range is selected, press the F3 key.
The black background switches to display field F2.
5. Use the UP/DOWN keys to change frequency section in the zoom range
by steps.
6. Press the ESC to return to the next higher level.
– or –
7. Restart the measurement with the RUN key.
6-20
EFA-200/-300 6 Operating modes
6.3.7.2 Zooming in on the measured value axis
1. Press the F1 key.
Display fields F2 and F3 change their meaning.
F2: YSCAL
F3: YPOS (black background)
Display field F4 disappears.
2. To activate setting of the display resolution, press the F2 key.
3. Use the UP/DOWN keys to changes the screen resolution in steps from
20 to 120 dB (5 dB stepsize).
The largest value on the measured value axis remains. The smallest
value on the measured value axis is changed depending on the setting.
4. To activate the shift of the screen content in the selected resolution,
press the F3 key.
The black background changes to display field F2.
5. Use the UP/DOWN keys to shift the screen content in the desired
resolution.
6. Use the UP/DOWN keys to change the measured value section in the
zoom range.
7. Press the ESC key to return to the next higher level.
– or –
8. Restart the measurement with the RUN key.
6-21
6 Operating modes EFA-200/-300
6.3.7.3 Marker
The marker is a graphical tool for displaying the nine largest measured
values within the measured frequency range. It is displayed as a signal
marker in the measurement curve and indicated numerically as a pair of
values (field strength and frequency).
Activating the marker
✓ The device should be in the “Stop” state.
✓ The measurement screen in the “Spectrum FFT” mode should be active.
⇒ Press the NEXT key.
The graphical marker for the measured value appears above the
measurement curve.
A status bar with the field strength and frequency of the measured value
is inserted below the frequency axis. The value pair has an index.
1
6-22
3
Figure 6-10 Measurement screen with the marker
No. Function
1 Graphical marker
2 Frequency of the spectral line indicated by the marker. An
index of 1 is given here as an example.
3 Measured value of the spectral line indicated by the
marker. An index of 1 is given here as an example.
Table 6-6 Elements of the measurement screen with the marker
2
EFA-200/-300 6 Operating modes
Positioning the marker
✓ The marker should be activated.
1. Press the UP/DOWN keys.
The signal marker will jump within the measurement curve from the
measured value to the next lower value.
The graphical maker is displayed over the next lower measured value.
Below the frequency axis, the pair of values is displayed for the given
point with an index of 2.
2. Use the UP/DOWN keys to mark further measured values or to change
between the individual marker positions.
Tip: If you display the frequency axis in zoom mode, the measured value
appears with the marker in the center of the measured curve.
This position is retained even when switching between the individual
marker positions with the UP/DOWN keys, which makes it easy to
study the nine largest measured values.
Note: If there are several high points on a spectral line, the marker
remains on the line and just the numerical display of the marker
position changes.
Deactivating the marker
⇒ Press the ESC key.
Measurement will halt.
The graphical and numerical indications for the marker will disappear.
The screen content remains unchanged for further examination.
– or –
⇒ Press the RUN key.
The measurement re-starts.
The graphical and numerical displays for the marker disappear.
The previous marker positions are replaced by the new measurement.
6-23
6 Operating modes EFA-200/-300
6.3.7.4 Normalized display
In this display mode, the selected limit curve is computed to appear as a
straight line in the display, i.e. the 0 dB line. The actual measured values are
recomputed in the same manner and the values are normalized. This lets
you directly read off values with respect to the limit. If a value hits the 0 dB
line, then it has violated the limit by the given amount.
1
2
3
Figure 6-11 Normalized display
No. Function
6-24
1 Measured value; here, the field strength exceeds the limit
2 0 dB line, simultaneously limit 100 %
3 Selected limit curve
Table 6-7 Elements of the measurement screen with the normalized display
Tip: The zoom and marker tools can be used during normalized display.
EFA-200/-300 6 Operating modes
6.3.8 Saving data
In Spectrum FFT mode, you can save data as follows in the data memory:
• Saving a single measurement
Saving individual values: see page 7-2
Note: Since each stored spectrum consists of a number of values, the
memory capacity is limited to about 16 spectra.
6.3.9 Possible problems
The settings (measurement range, detection mode, display mode,
frequency range) cannot be changed.
The device is in the “Stop” state.
⇒ Press the RUN key to put the device in the “Run” state.
No measurement curve is displayed.
The selected zoom is not right for the measured value axis.
⇒ Display the measured value axis in “Full Scale” mode.
Zooming in on the measured value axis: see page 6-21
Keys F1 to F4 cannot be used.
The marker is activated.
⇒ Use the ESC or RUN key to deactivate the marker.
6-25
6 Operating modes EFA-200/-300
6.4 Harmonic analysis mode
After you enter a fundamental frequency, the field strength and the harmonic
content are determined. You do not have to enter the fundamental
frequency exactly because the evaluation algorithm has a certain tolerance.
The results are displayed in a table.
Harmonic Analysis mode has two operating states:
• Run: The spectrum is continuously recorded and displayed. Once you
select the mode, the “Run” state is the default active state. Measurement
begins immediately. The “Run” state is indicated with the
measurement screen.
• Stop: Recording of further measured values halts. In this mode, you can
evaluate previously recorded values. The “Stop” state is indicated with
the icon the measurement screen.
icon in the
6.4.1 Activating Harmonic Analysis mode
1. Press the MODE key.
In the MODE menu, all operating modes are listed.
2. Use the UP/DOWN keys to select “HARMONICS”.
3. Press the ENTER key to confirm your selection.
The measurement screen for Harmonic Analysis mode should appear.
6-26
Figure 6-12 Measurement screen, Harmonic Analysis mode
EFA-200/-300 6 Operating modes
6.4.2 Selecting the measurement range
The measurement range can be selected in two ways:
• Select a value from a selection menu
• Activate the “AUTO” function
The device automatically selects the proper measurement range.
Selecting a value from a selection menu
✓ The device should be in the “RUN” state.
✓ The measurement screen should be active.
1. Press the F1 key until the selection list appears.
2. Use the UP/DOWN keys to choose the measurement range.
3. Press the ENTER key to confirm your selection.
The selected measurement range will appear in display field F1.
– or –
Activating the “AUTO” function
✓ The device should be in the “RUN” state.
✓ The measurement screen should be active.
1. Press the F1 key until the selection list appears.
2. Use the UP/DOWN keys to choose the “AUTO” function.
3. Press the ENTER key to confirm your selection.
The automatically selected measurement range will appear in display
field F1 with “AUTO” below it.
Note: Recording of measured values begins after the measurement
range is selected. If AVG RMS was chosen as the detection range,
averaging is also restarted.
6-27
6 Operating modes EFA-200/-300
6.4.3 Selecting the measurement mode (detection mode)
Note: If the “Standard” measurement range was chosen, the detection
mode is preselected and cannot be set. The F2 key and display
field are deactivated.
You can choose among three detection modes:
• ACT RMS: The RMS value of each spectral line can be measured. The
measurement result is not a function of the signal’s polarization.
• AVG RMS: The spectrum is averaged over a number NAVG of
successive spectra. This is a way of reducing noise, displaying lower
measured values and choosing an averaging time. The progress is
displayed using the validity indicator.
Averaging of the resulting spectrum: see page C-2
Setting the averaging parameter NAVG: see page 8-7
• VECT PEAK: The peak value of individual spectral lines can be
measured.
Depending on the signal’s polarization, this measured value lies
between ACT RMS and a value 3 dB higher.
✓ The device should be in the “RUN” state.
⇒ To switch between detection modes, press the F2 key.
The selected detection mode appears in display field F2.
6.4.4 Selecting the display mode
You have a choice of two display modes:
• LIVE: The resulting spectrum is displayed.
• MAX: For each spectral line, the maximum value is determined and
displayed on the screen.
✓ The device should be in the “RUN” state.
⇒ To switch between display modes, press the F3 key.
The selected display mode appears in display field F3.
The display value “MAX” is cleared when switching to LIVE.
Note: When switching from MAX to LIVE, averaging is restarted if AVG
RMS was chosen as the detection mode.
6-28
EFA-200/-300 6 Operating modes
6.4.5 Selecting the fundamental frequency
When measuring, only the selected fundamental frequency and its
harmonics are considered. The evaluation algorithm used can cope with
imprecise specifications of the frequency.
Six values are defined in the selection list. One of these values can be
entered as a variable fundamental frequency.
Entering a variable fundamental frequency: see page 6-29
All six predefined fundamental frequencies can also be varied in the
CONFG menu.
Editing the frequency selection list: see page 8-8
Tip: The defined fundamental frequencies can be saved as user setups.
Saving device settings (User Setup): see page 9-4
Choosing a fundamental frequency from the selection list
✓ The device should be in the “RUN” state.
1. Press the F4 key until the selection list for fundamental frequencies
appears.
2. Use the UP/DOWN keys to choose fundamental frequencies.
3. Press the ENTER key to confirm your selection.
In display field F4, the term “FUND” and the selected fundamental
frequency are displayed.
The display range of the frequency axis is automatically determined and
set.
Measurement begins.
Entering a variable fundamental frequency
One of the predefined frequencies can be entered as a variable
fundamental frequency in the range 5
0.1 Hz.
✓ The device should be in the “RUN” state.
1. Press the F4 key until the selection list for fundamental frequencies
appears.
2. Use the UP/DOWN keys to choose the line VAR FREQ.
Hz to 500 Hz with a resolution of
6-29
6 Operating modes EFA-200/-300
3. Press the F4 key.
The window FUND opens with the current value for the variable
fundamental frequency. The first digit of this value has a black
background.
4. Use the UP/DOWN keys to change the digit.
5. Press the NEXT key to go to the next digit.
6. Repeat steps 4 and 5 for the remaining digits.
7. Confirm your change with the ENTER key.
The modified value is now in the selection list, where you can choose it.
Note: Recording of measured values begins after the frequency range is
selected. If AVG RMS was chosen as the detection range,
averaging is also restarted.
6.4.6 Starting and stopping a measurement
Starting a measurement
✓ The device should be in the “Stop” state. The “Stop” state is indicated
with the icon in the measurement screen.
⇒ Press the RUN key.
The device should be in the “RUN” state.
The “Run” state is indicated with the icon in the measurement screen.
Recording of measured values begins anew, and the validity indicator
appears until the end of the computation.
6-30
Stopping a measurement
✓ The device should be in the “RUN” state. The “Run” state is indicated
with the
✓ The validity indicator is no longer displayed.
⇒ Press the RUN key.
The device should be in the “Stop” state.
The “Stop” state is indicated with the icon in the measurement screen.
The F2 and F3 keys are deactivated.
icon in the measurement screen.
EFA-200/-300 6 Operating modes
Note: The measurement should not be halted to evaluate results until the
validity indicator no longer appears in the display.
The validity indicator indicates that internal measured value
computation is still underway. In this case, the averaging of the
measurement results has not yet taken place over the defined
number of single values (NAVG) at the start of the measurement.
Until this state occurs, the displayed measured value has not yet
obtained its final value.
6.4.7 Evaluating measurement results
Note: To be able to simultaneously display the extensive measurement
range on the measurement screen, the measured value axis is
scaled in dB.
Scaled measured value axis (dB scale): see page A-5
Evaluating the measurement screen
2
1
34
11
5
10
9876
Figure 6-13 Display elements of the measurement screen for Harmonic Analysis
mode
6-31
6 Operating modes EFA-200/-300
No. Function
1 Field quantity, here the B field
2 Measurement axis,
here without footnote: ISOTROPIC
3 Measured value axis
4 Graphical display of the measured values
5 Frequency axis scaled as an index (multiple of the
fundamental frequency selected in F4)
6 Display field F4: Display of the selected fundamental
frequency
7 Display field F3: Display of the selected display mode
8 Display field F2: Display of the selected detection mode
9 Display field F1: Display of the selected measurement
range
10 Validity indicator:
• No icon: Internal measured value computation
complete.
• “■”: Note
Internal measured value computation is underway. The
displayed measured value has not yet reached its final
value.
• “ “: Warning
Measurement range violation
The selected measurement range is unsuitable for the
field being measured.
11 Display of the operating state
• “ “: Run state
Measurement is underway. The spectrum is
continuously recorded and displayed.
• “ “: Stop state:
Recording of further measured values has halted.
6-32
Table 6-8 Screen evaluation for Harmonic Analysis mode
EFA-200/-300 6 Operating modes
Generating a result list
✓ The device should be in Stop mode.
✓ The main screen of Harmonic Analysis mode should be visible.
⇒ Press the NEXT key.
The result list is displayed.
1
2
3
4
5
Figure 6-14 Result list for Harmonic Analysis mode
No. Function
1 Actually measured fundamental frequency
2 Measured value of the fundamental
3 K1 ... K9: Harmonic factor (field strength of harmonics as
percentage of fundamental)
4 KT: Total harmonic content (all harmonics)
(not in VECT PEAK detection mode)
5 KN: Overall noise/harmonic factor (not in VECT PEAK
detection mode)
Table 6-9 Result list for Harmonic Analysis mode
6-33
6 Operating modes EFA-200/-300
6.4.8 Saving data
In harmonic analysis mode, you can save data as follows in the data
memory:
• Saving a single measurement
Saving individual values: see page 7-2
6.4.9 Possible problems
The settings (measurement range, detection mode, display mode,
frequency range) cannot be changed.
The device should be in the “Stop” state.
⇒ Press the RUN key to put the device in the “Run” state.
6-34
7 Measurement data memory
7.1 Saving data
• The EFA can save individual values and the changes in field strength
over a period of up to 24 hours can be monitored and recorded.
• The date and time are recorded with each data set.
Note: Make sure that the date and time settings are correct before
recording data to ensure that the correct date and time are assigned to
the data sets.
• There are up to 4095 memory positions available.
• The memory positions are assigned to the incoming data sets in
ascending order.
• Every data set is uniquely identified by a data set number.
• Five types of data set can be saved:
Data set type Data set contents
(extracts)
Normal Current measured value Field Strength, Exposure STD
Auto Timer-controlled
measurement sequences
Matrix Spatially assigned
measurement sequences
Vector Frequency spectrum Spectrum FFT
List List of measured values Harmonic Analysis
Table 7-1 Content and availability of data set types
Available in operating mode
Field Strength, Exposure STD
Field Strength, Exposure STD
7-1
7 Measurement data memory EFA-200/-300
7.1.1 Saving individual values
Only for data set types normal, vector and list
Saving a value
✓ Date and time have been set correctly.
Setting the date and time: see page 8-9.
⇒ Press the SAVE key.
The content of the data set is stored to the next free memory location.
The message “MEM:” followed by the data set number (up to 4 digits)
appears as confirmation that the value has been saved.
1
7-2
Figure 7-1 Confirmation that a measured value has been saved
Example: Field Strength mode
No. Function
1 Data set number (up to 4 digits)
Table 7-2 Confirmation that a measured value has been saved
Possible faults
The display shows the message “MEMORY FULL”.
All memory spaces are filled.
1. Press the ESC key to return to the measurement screen.
2. Delete data sets that are no longer required.
Deleting data: see page 7-18.
EFA-200/-300 7 Measurement data memory
7.1.2 Recording timer-controlled measurement sequences (AUTO)
Timer-controlled storage of data allows you to record the measured values
over a defined time period in Field Strength and Exposure STD modes.
The B-Field Unit and the E-Field Unit operate independently during
recording of a timer-controlled test series. You can disconnect the E-Field
Unit from the B-Field Unit at any time after you have initiated an E field
measurement.
Note: If you perform a timer-controlled B field measurement using the B-
Field Unit, the measurement series will be terminated as soon as
you connect the E-Field Unit to the B-Field Unit. An audible signal
will be heard.
Ensuring power supply for the recording period
Timer-controlled measurements generally run over a longer time interval. If
a stepsize of at least 1 minute is chosen, the device goes into Stand By
mode between two measurements. In this mode, very little power is
consumed. Only the actual measurement uses power. However, the battery
capacity still might be insufficient for the recording period.
Note: Changes in field strength that occur between measurements are
not detected in standby mode.
Guideline values for fully charged batteries:
• Measurement time: 24 hours
Step width: 1 minute
Maximum number of measured values: 1440
– or –
• Number of measured values recorded: 4095
Step width: 10 seconds
Resulting measurement time: 11.3 hours
⇒ For long-term measurements or long recording intervals, make sure the
batteries are fully charged.
7-3
7 Measurement data memory EFA-200/-300
Opening the AUTO menu
✓ Date and time have been set correctly.
Setting the date and time: see page 8-9.
Setting the date and time: see page 8-9
1. Press the MEM key.
The MEM menu opens.
2. Use the UP/DOWN keys to select the “AUTO” function.
3. Press ENTER to confirm your selection.
The MEM AUTO menu is displayed.
Figure 7-2 MEM AUTO menu
Selecting the measurement sequence recording method
There are two ways to record the measured values.
• By defining a time period for saving data: The precise start and stop
times for the measurement are entered.
• Immediate start: The measurement is started immediately and runs until
the data memory is full (max. 24 hours).
The instrument switches off automatically as soon as the final measured
value has been saved.
Note: Start and stop times must be entered in the same format as that
selected for the clock display (12- or 24-hour clock).
7-4
EFA-200/-300 7 Measurement data memory
Defining a time period for saving data
✓ The MEM AUTO menu is open.
1. Use the UP/DOWN keys to select the “START” function.
2. Press ENTER to confirm your selection.
The first entry field for the start time is highlighted in black.
3. Use the UP/DOWN keys to define a value.
4. Press the NEXT key to move to the next entry field.
5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 for the remaining entry fields.
6. Press ENTER to complete entry.
The measurement start time has been entered.
7. Repeat steps 1 through 6 for the “STOP” and “STEP” (time between two
measurements) functions.
The start, stop and step times are now set and are displayed in the MEM
AUTO menu.
8. Press key F4.
• The measurement will start precisely at the start time and end at the
stop time specified.
• The number of data sets MEM already saved and the last
measurement value saved are displayed.
• Progress of the measurement can be observed.
• Keys F1 and F4 change function.
– F1: no function
– F4: BREAK – breaks off the measurement sequence
Recording spatially assigned measurement sequences
(MATRIX): see page 7-7
– or –
Starting data storage immediately
1. Use the UP/DOWN keys to select the “STEP” function.
2. Press ENTER to confirm your selection.
The first entry field for the step time is highlighted in black.
3. Use the UP/DOWN keys to define a value.
4. Press the NEXT key to move to the next entry field.
5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 for the remaining entry fields.
6. Press ENTER to complete entry.
The measurement step time has been entered.
7-5
7 Measurement data memory EFA-200/-300
7. Press key F1.
• The measurement starts immediately and runs until the data memory
is full (max. 24 hours).
• The STOP function is no linger shown in the display.
• The number of data sets MEM already saved and the last
measurement value saved are displayed.
• Progress of the measurement can be observed.
• Keys F1 and F4 change function.
– F1: no function
– F4: BREAK – breaks off the measurement sequence
Breaking off the measurement
⇒ Press key F4.
The measurement stops.
The data pool containing the recorded measured values is saved as a
data set.
Possible faults
Error message “NOT ENOUGH MEMORY” appears.
The available memory space is insufficient for the programmed
measurement for the selected time period.
1. Press the ESC key to return to the MEM AUTO menu.
2. Delete unwanted data sets or the entire data memory.
Deleting data: see page 7-18
– or –
1. Press the ESC key to return to the MEM AUTO menu.
2. Check the STEP time setting.
7-6
EFA-200/-300 7 Measurement data memory
7.1.3 Recording spatially assigned measurement sequences (MATRIX)
Assigning measurement values to the spatial location where the measured
value was obtained is very time-consuming when a series of measurements
is evaluated. If the measured values are stored as a matrix, subsequent
processing can be simplified with suitable computer programs.
Tip: Before recording a matrix for the first time, it is a good idea to look at
the procedure as outlined in Annex B as this will give you a better
understanding of the technical background.
Note:
• Measurement series using the B-Field Unit:
If you perform a spatial matrix B field measurement using the B-Field
Unit, the measurement series will be terminated as soon as you connect
the E-Field Unit to the B-Field Unit. An audible signal will be heard.
• Measurement series using the E-Field Unit:
The connected B-Field Unit serves as the control unit during recording of
a spatial matrix measurement series with the E-Field Unit. The
measurement series ends automatically if you disconnect the E-Field
Unit from the B-Field Unit.
Operating sections
Operation is divided into two sections:
• “MEM MATRIX” sub-menu: Defining the spatial limits and the order of the
coordinates
• Matrix measurement screen: Display of measured value and target
coordinates, and operation of memory functions.
Note: Key F4 is used to switch between the two menus as required.
Activating the MEM MATRIX function
✓ Date and time have been set correctly..
Setting the date and time: see page 8-9.
1. Press the MEM key.
The MEM menu opens.
2. Use the UP/DOWN keys to select the MATRIX function.
7-7
7 Measurement data memory EFA-200/-300
3. Press ENTER to confirm your selection.
The MEM MATRIX menu is displayed.
1
2
34
Figure 7-3 Entry screen for defining the limiting coordinates
No. Function
1 Coordinates of limit “A”
2 Coordinates of limit “B”
3 Display field F4: Switch to matrix measurement screen
4 Display field F3: Switch to entry of ranking order
Table 7-3 Elements of the input screen for determining the limitation points
Changing the range limits
Entering the coordinates of limits “A” and “B”
Note: Each coordinate can have a value between –99 and +999.
✓ The MEM MATRIX menu is open.
1. Use the UP/DOWN keys to select the coordinate.
The selected coordinate is highlighted in black.
2. Press ENTER to activate the coordinate entry fields.
The first entry field is highlighted in black.
3. Use the UP/DOWN keys to define a value.
4. Press the NEXT key to move to the next entry field.
5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 for the remaining entry fields.
7-8
EFA-200/-300 7 Measurement data memory
6. Press ENTER to complete entry.
The value for the selected coordinate has been entered. The values for
all remaining coordinates are defined in the same way.
Tip: Limits A and B can be used to define areas, lines or points, depending
on how many coordinates are set to the same value.
Changing the limit coordinates
The defined spatial area can be increased, decreased or otherwise
changed by entering new coordinates while the measurement is in
progress. In such cases, the target coordinate in the matrix measurement
screen will be set to limit “A” automatically.
Entering the coordinates of limits “A” and “B”: see page 7-8
Selecting the coordinate ranking
The coordinate ranking determines the order in which the target coordinates
for the next measurement point will be calculated. The selection depends on
the intended direction of movement within the measurement area.
Remember to use the same convention to express the direction as you used
to assign the axes defining the coordinates.
✓ The MEM MATRIX menu is open.
1. Press F1.
The MEM SEQN menu opens showing the possible ranking as a
selection list.
2. Use the UP/DOWN keys to select a ranking.
3. Press ENTER to confirm your selection.
The selected ranking will be applied to the Matrix measurement screen.
Note: When the target coordinates are calculated, the coordinate that is
shown farthest to the right in the ranking will be incremented first. If
the ranking is changed during the course of the measurement, the
target coordinate in the Matrix measurement screen will be set to
limit “A” automatically.
Tip: These settings can be saved in the device data memory for other
applications.
Saving device settings (User Setup): see page 9-4
7-9
7 Measurement data memory EFA-200/-300
Collecting measurement values
All the values measured during the measurement are initially collected and
stored in a data pool.
Measured values are stored only when the Matrix measurement screen is
active.
All the values recorded and saved during a sequence of measurements are
only saved as a contiguous data set when the sequence of measurements
has been completed.
Switching between the MEM MATRIX menu and the Matrix
measurement screen
⇒ Press F4.
If MEM MATRIX was active, the Matrix measurement screen appears.
If the Matrix measurement screen was active, the MEM MATRIX menu
opens.
12 3
7-10
10
9
Figure 7-4 Matrix measurement screen
4
5
678
EFA-200/-300 7 Measurement data memory
No. Function
1 Field quantity, here B-field
2 Digital display of measured value
3 Units of measurement
4 Analog display of measured value
5 Target coordinates that will be saved with the next measured value:
• The listing depends on the selected ranking
• The coordinate shown farthest to the right is calculated first, i.e. the Y
coordinate in this case.
6 Display field F4: Switch to MEM MATRIX menu.
7 Display field F3: Indication of selected display mode.
8 Display field F2: Switches the target coordinates to limit “A”.
9 Display field F1: Deletes the last measured value saved in the data pool.
10 Number of measured values saved in the data pool.
Table 7-4 Matrix measurement screen elements
Storing measured values
✓ The Matrix measurement screen is active.
✓ The intended measurement position corresponds to the displayed target
coordinates. If necessary, alter the target coordinates.
Note: If the measurement is being made in MAX display mode, you must
switch to “LIVE” and then back to “MAX” before storing the value.
This resets any stored MAX value.
⇒ Press the SAVE key.
The indicated measured value, the indicated target coordinates and a
timestamp will be stored in the data pool.
The following appears in the display as confirmation:
• The new target coordinates.
• The number of measured values already stored in the data pool
increments by one.
Note: When the target coordinates are calculated, the coordinate that is
shown farthest to the right in the ranking will be incremented first.
7-11
7 Measurement data memory EFA-200/-300
Changing the target coordinates
The target coordinates can be changed within the defined spatial area at
any time.
⇒ Press the UP key.
The next target coordinate is calculated and displayed.
– or –
⇒ Press the DOWN key.
The previous target coordinate is calculated and displayed.
– or –
⇒ Press F2.
The target coordinate changes to the coordinates of limit “A”.
Note: No values are saved when you change the target coordinates. A
further measured value is stored in the data pool only when the
SAVE key is pressed.
Reaching the range limits
When the target coordinate reaches one of the spatial limits defined by the
limits “A” and “B”, the calculation shifts to the next directional axis in the
coordinate ranking. A single beep indicates the change of direction. A
double beep indicates that the target coordinate has reached one of the limit
values “A” or “B”.
7-12
Deleting a measured value from the data pool
⇒ Press F1.
The last measured value saved in the data pool will be deleted without
changing the indicated target coordinates.
Saving a data set
At the conclusion of the measurement, all the measured values recorded
and saved in the data pool are stored as a contiguous data set.
1. Press F4.
This returns you to the MEM MATRIX sub-menu.
EFA-200/-300 7 Measurement data memory
2. Press the ESC key.
The data pool is closed and saved under a common data set number.
The MEM menu is displayed.
Figure 7-5 A data set can be saved from the MEM MATRIX menu.
Note: The data set is saved automatically if one of the following occurs:
– The “LOW BATTERY” warning is displayed.
– The EFA is switched of using the ON/OFF key.
Tip: The last target coordinates displayed are retained when the “MEM
MATRIX” function is activated again. This means, for example, that a
measurement sequence can be resumed from the same position if it
was previously saved.
Possible faults
Error message “NOT ENOUGH MEMORY” is displayed.
The available data memory is insufficient for the measurement.
1. Press ESC to return to the MEM MATRIX menu.
2. Delete measured values from the data pool.
Deleting a measured value from the data pool: see page 7-12
7-13
7 Measurement data memory EFA-200/-300
7.2 Displaying a data set
The contents of the MEM SHOW menu depend on the intended
measurements for the different measurement modes.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8, 9
Figure 7-6 MEM SHOW menu in Field Strength mode
No. Function Operating mode
Field
Strength
1 Remaining capacity of data
memory [%]
2 Data set number x x
3 Operating mode used for
measurement
4 Type of data set N: Normal
5 Date of measurement x x
6 Time of measurement x x
Table 7-5 Overview of MEM SHOW menu elements according to operating mode
x
FIELDST EXP.STD SPECTRUM
A: Auto
M: Matrix
Exposure
STD
x
N: Normal
A: Auto
M: Matrix
Spectrum
FFT
x
FFT
V: Vector L: List
7-14
Harmonic
Analysis
HARMONICS
EFA-200/-300 7 Measurement data memory
No. Function Operating mode
Field
Strength
7 Frequency range used for
measurement
8 Value Field
9 Validity marker x x x x
# With data set of type “A” and “M”:
Position “8” shows the maximum value of all the individual values included in the measurement series. The
individual values can be displayed on a PC after they have been exported.
Exporting data: see page 7-16
Table 7-5 Overview of MEM SHOW menu elements according to operating mode
BP:
Bandpass
BS:
Bandstop
strength
[T, G, V/m]
#
Exposure
STD
Exposure#
[%]
Spectrum
FFT
Frequency
resolution
DF [Hz]
Harmonic
Analysis
Field strength
of
fundamental
[T, G, V/m]
Opening the MEM SHOW menu
1. Press the MEM key.
The MEM menu opens.
2. Use the UP/DOWN keys to select the “SHOW” function.
3. Press ENTER to confirm your selection.
• The MEM SHOW menu opens.
• The last data set that was saved is displayed.
7-15
7 Measurement data memory EFA-200/-300
Selecting and displaying data sets
✓ The MEM SHOW menu is open.
1. Use the UP/DOWN keys to select a data set between 1 and the highest
number assigned.
– or –
1. Press the ENTER key to activate the data set number entry field.
The first digit field in the data set number is highlighted in black.
2. Use the UP/DOWN keys to change the number.
3. Press the NEXT key to move to the next entry field.
4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 for all remaining entry fields.
5. Confirm the changes by pressing ENTER.
The selected data set will be displayed.
Note: The selected data set number must be between 1 and the highest
assigned data set number (max. 4095). If this is not the case, the
data set with the highest number will be displayed automatically
when you press the ENTER key.
A beep will also be heard.
7.3 Exporting data
7-16
Stored measured values can be saved in a *.txt oder *.csv file and exported.
This means you can print out files or further process them with other
programs (e.g. a spreadsheet).
Stored measured values can be saved in a *.txt or *.csv file and exported.
This means you can print out files or further process them with other
programs (e.g. a spreadsheet).
Note: You must connect the basic unit to a PC if you want to transfer data
from the basic unit. If you want to export data directly from the EField Unit, connect the E-Field Unit directly to the PC.
✓ Basic Unit or E-Field Unit is connected to a PC.
Setting up the EFA – PC connection: see page 10-6
✓ The software “EFA-200/-300 Tools” must be installed.
Installing the software “EFA-200/-300 Tools”: see page 10-5
1. Start the “Datalog.exe” application.
The “Datalog” window should open.
The data set types (“DataType”) and the number of data sets saved for
the respective data set types (“No.“) are displayed.
EFA-200/-300 7 Measurement data memory
2. Activate the “Enable” box for the data set type to be exported.
3. Enter in the “From” and “To” boxes the numbers of the data sets in the
selected data set type to be exported.
4. Select the desired export format (*.txt or *.csv) from the EXPORT menu.
Note: You can select various separator characters for the “*.csv” format.
The separator character that you select here must correspond to
the one used by the program that is to be employed for further
processing of the results.
5. Select a suitable separator character.
6. Press the WRITE DATA TO FILE key.
The directory window opens for defining the name and directory for the
exported data.
7. Enter and confirm the name and directory.
The transfer begins.
The “Loading” box indicates the progress of the transfer.
Press the BREAK key to halt the transfer.
Opening exported files with the program used for further processing
Note: Open an exported CSV file in the program used for further
processing by using the “Open File” menu command. Do not
double click on the CSV file to open it as this may result in an
incorrect display of the file.
7-17
7 Measurement data memory EFA-200/-300
7.4 Deleting data
The following can be deleted using the CLEAR menu:
• The data set with the highest data set number
• The entire data memory
Opening the MEM CLR menu
1. Press the MEM key.
The MEM menu opens.
2. Use the UP/DOWN keys to select the “CLEAR” function.
3. Press ENTER to confirm your selection.
The MEM CLR menu opens.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7-18
Figure 7-7 MEM CLR menu in Field Strength mode
No. Function
1 Remaining memory space
2 Data set number
3 Operating mode
4 Type of data set
5 Date
6 Time
Table 7-6 MEM CLR menu elements
Loading...