VALVE REGULATED SEALED LEAD
ACID BATTERY
OPERATION
MANUAL
Version：V5.3
NARADA POWER SOURCE CO., LTD
Eos Series
Narada Power Source Co., Ltd. Eos operation manual V5.3
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Content
Safety and Warning .………………………………………………………….………3
Chapter One Introduction to the Product
1. Product Characters………………………………………………………………….4
2. Main Applications …… …………………………………………….……………...5
3. Construction……………………………………………….…………….………….5
4. Types and Dimensions……………………………………………………………...5
5. Working Principle…………………………………………..………………………6
Chapter TwoTechnical characteristic
1. Discharge Curve…………………….……….………….………….…………...……7
2. Charge Curve…………………………..…………………………………….……....7
3. Discharge Data……………………..……………………..………………….……....7
4. Internal resistance and short circuit current………………………………..……….16
Chapter Three Operation and Maintenance
1. Parameters…………………………………………………………………………17
2. Capacity and Influence Factor…………………………………………………….18
3. Ambient Temperature Vs. Battery ……………………………………..…………18
4. Choose Battery………………………………………………………………….…21
5. Charge Requirement……………………………………………………...…….…22
6. Storage………………………………………………………………….…………23
7. Maintenance…………………………………………………………….…………24
After-sale Service………………………………………………….…………………25
Annex 1………………………………………………………………………………..26
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Safety and Warning
Please read this manual! It provides very important direction for fix and operation, which can
make best capability for the equipment, and elongate the using life.
z
For your safety, please do not try to dismantle or open the equipment. The equipment does
not contain any spare parts for you. The maintain work can only be done by specially
trained service persons.
z
As a result of the batteries’ latent endanger to health and environment, they should be only
changed in our authorization service center. If you need to change the battery or maintain
the equipment, please call the nearest service center.
z
Batteries can be reclaimed, if it could not be carefully handled, it will do great harms to
environment and heath. Please check local laws and regulations to get the validity handle
ways or send the equipment to authorized service center.
z
The replacement of battery can only be done by persons who know well about the danger
and the prevention. When changing the battery, please use the same model and type of
sealed lead acid battery.
Warning—do not smoke or use fire near batteries
Warning—do not use organic solvent to wash batteries
Warning—dot not put batteries into the fire, or it may bombed
Warning—do not open batteries, it contains electrolyte, which can hurt the skin and eyes.
Warning—There may happen shock or short circuit when replacing the batteries. Please
operate with tools with insulated handles.
Please take care of the following marks in using
War ning
Electricity
danger
Protecting
your eye
Wat ch
Short-circuits
With adults
custody
Do not put batteries
into dustbin
Read the
manual
Fire
forbidden
Circle used
The product has
past the UL
authentication
The product has
past the CE
authentication
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Chapter One Product introduction
1. Product Characters:
z Design life is above 15 years in float applications and cycle life is above 1200
times in 80% DOD (Depth of Discharge) term
Grid alloy with special patented formula
Special patented negative paste formula
4BS paste technology
Extra-thick plate design
z Reliable seal performance, no acid spillage, recombination efficiency reach
99%
Patented post sealing structure
“Labyrinth” patented security valve
High precise ABS sealing technology
z Initial capacity above 100%, the remaining capacity above 94% when
storage for 3 months (25ºC)
z Remarkable high rate discharge performance. Low internal resistance
Patented grid design. Large section copper structure
z Supply the unique flexible connectors made of rubber wrapped with copper
wires and another option is copper bar connector.
Assure the good connections of post and connectors and low connection resistance;
Combination of suppleness and rigidity for more flexible connections;
Monitor hole designed;
z Flexible and convenient installation, slinky outside looking
Shockproof blocking assembling
Satisfy customer’s individual requirements and provide up to 8-class shockproof
Streamline and dime-light battery outside-looking design.
2. Main applications
z Telecom exchange and transmission system
z Mobile communication system
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z Power plant and power transformer system
z Navigation aid signaling system
z Solar energy system
z Radio and broadcasting station
z Emergency lighting system
z Other standby, cycling system
3. Configuration
Fig. 1-1 Configuration
4. Types and Dimensions
Table 1-1 type specifications
Cell Type
Rated
Vo l t a g e
(V)
Rated Capacity (Ah) Dimensions (mm)
Wei ght
(Kg)
C
10
C
3
C1Length Width Height
Overall
Height
Eos-200 2 200 150 110 94.5 184.5 360.5 372 13.5
Eos-260 2 260 195 143 109 184.5 360.5
372
17
Eos-300 2 300 225 165 123 184.5 360.5
372
18.5
Eos-400 2 400 300 220 166 184.5 360.5
372
24.5
Eos-500 2 500 375 275 194.5 184.5 360.5
372
29.5
Eos-600 2 600 450 330 223 184.5 360.5
372
35
Eos-800 2 800 600 440 154 229 555
566
52
Eos-1000 2 1000 750 550 186 229 555
566
62
Eos-1200 2 1200 900 660 225 229 555 566 75
Eos-1500 2 1500 1125 825 265.5 229 555
566
92
Lid
Va lv e
Post
Container
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Eos-2000 2 2000 1500 1100 349 233 555
566
121
Eos-800A 2 800 600 440 280 186 360.5 372 47
Eos-1000A 2 1000 750 550 339 190 360.5 372 58
Eos-1500A 2 1500 1125 825 496 186 362 374 87
Eos-2000A 2 2000 1500 1100 328.5 363 362 374 115
Eos-3000A 2 3000 2250 1650 496 363 362 374 175
5.Working Principal
The chemical reaction taking place in lead acid battery is as follows:
Pb+PbO
2
+2H2SO
4
2PbSO4+2H2O
Following by-reaction①takes place in ordinary lead acid battery:
2H
2
O2H
2
↑+O2↑
①
This by-reaction makes water loss gradually and pure water need to be added regularly
to keep the battery operate normally.
Eos battery adopts a design of barren-liquor and utilizes AGM (micro porous glass
fiber) separator. Thus there is a path existing between the positive and the negative.
Also special alloy grid is chosen to increase vent hydrogen over-potential gassing on
the negative plate, which prevents generation of hydrogen. Otherwise, the oxygen
generated from positive diffuses through separator to the negative and the oxygen gas
reacts quickly and is recombined into water. The reactions are as follows:
：
2Pb +O
2
2PbO
②
PbO+ H2SO
4
PbSO4+H2O
③
So it is possible to build EOS battery in sealed structure.
Discharge
Charge
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Chapter Two Technical characteristic
1. Discharge Curve
Fig. 2-1 Discharge Performance Curves at Different Discharge Rates（25
℃）
2. Charge Curve
Fig.2-2 Recharge characteristics of Eos battery with current of 0.1C10A and limit
voltage of 2.35V/cell (25℃). The 100% DOD battery can be recharged 105% of
capacity after charging for 24 hours.
1.95
2.05
2.15
2.25
50% DOD
60
40
20
0
840
0.00
0.05
24201612
Charge Time(h)
Charge Current
Charge
Capacity
(%)
120
100
80
Charge Voltage
0.10
2.35
Charge
Voltage
Charge
Current
(CA)
(V)
100% DOD
Charge Capacity
Time(h
)
Voltage(V)
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3. Discharge characteristic
Table2-1 Constant current discharge characteristic (A, 25℃)
Eos-200 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 333.3 279.1 206.7 130.7 77.0 56.5 38.3 33.1 26.4 21.9 9.8
1.65V 307.9 260.2 198.0 123.9 75.2 55.1 37.4 32.6 26.0 21.7 9.7
1.70V 287.8 244.0 182.2 118.4 72.5 53.5 37.1 32.2 25.5 21.3 9.6
1.75V 274.3 231.0 169.3 112.9 69.9 51.9 36.0 31.7 25.2 21.0 9.5
1.80V 263.8 217.8 158.4 105.7 66.9 50.3 35.2 30.9 24.8 20.6 9.3
1.83V 245.4 204.5 150.8 99.0 63.9 48.7 34.4 30.3 24.3 20.1 9.1
1.85V 233.6 193.1 141.2 95.4 60.4 47.7 34.0 29.9 24.0 20.0 9.0
1.88V 217.2 176.1 132.7 91.4 59.1 46.7 33.7 29.5 23.8 19.8 9.0
1.90V 200.9 163.3 121.2 84.7 56.6 44.7 32.7 28.8 23.1 19.3 8.8
1.94V 180.7 145.5 107.3 75.2 51.2 41.1 30.3 26.7 21.6 18.2 8.5
Eos-260 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 433.3 362.9 268.7 169.9 100.1 73.5 49.8 43.0 34.3 28.5 12.7
1.65V 400.3 338.3 257.4 161.1 97.8 71.7 48.6 42.4 33.8 28.2 12.6
1.70V 374.2 317.2 236.8 153.9 94.2 69.6 48.2 41.9 33.2 27.7 12.5
1.75V 356.6 300.3 220.1 146.7 90.9 67.4 46.8 41.2 32.8 27.3 12.4
1.80V 343.0 283.1 205.9 137.5 87.0 65.4 45.8 40.2 32.2 26.7 12.1
1.83V 319.0 265.8 196.1 128.7 83.1 63.3 44.7 39.4 31.6 26.2 11.9
1.85V 303.7 251.1 183.6 124.1 78.5 62.0 44.2 38.9 31.2 26.0 11.8
1.88V 282.3 228.9 172.5 118.8 76.8 60.7 43.8 38.3 30.9 25.8 11.7
1.90V 261.1 212.3 157.5 110.2 73.6 58.2 42.6 37.4 30.1 25.1 11.5
1.94V 234.9 189.1 139.4 97.8 66.5 53.5 39.4 34.7 28.1 23.7 11.0
Eos-300 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 500.0 418.7 310.1 196.0 115.5 84.8 57.5 49.6 39.6 32.8 14.6
1.65V 461.9 390.3 297.0 185.9 112.9 82.7 56.1 48.9 39.0 32.5 14.5
1.70V 431.8 366.0 273.2 177.6 108.7 80.3 55.6 48.3 38.3 32.0 14.4
1.75V 411.4 346.5 253.9 169.3 104.9 77.8 54.1 47.5 37.8 31.5 14.3
1.80V 395.7 326.7 237.6 158.6 100.4 75.4 52.8 46.3 37.1 30.8 14.0
1.83V 368.1 306.7 226.2 148.5 95.9 73.0 51.6 45.5 36.5 30.2 13.7
1.85V 350.4 289.7 211.9 143.2 90.6 71.6 51.0 44.8 36.1 30.0 13.6
1.88V 325.7 264.2 199.0 137.1 88.6 70.1 50.5 44.2 35.6 29.8 13.5
1.90V 301.3 245.0 181.8 127.1 84.9 67.1 49.1 43.2 34.7 29.0 13.2
1.94V 271.0 218.2 160.9 112.9 76.7 61.7 45.5 40.1 32.4 27.3 12.7
Eos-400 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 666.6 558.3 413.4 261.4 154.0 113.0 76.7 66.1 52.7 43.8 19.5
1.65V 615.9 520.5 396.0 247.9 150.5 110.2 74.8 65.3 52.0 43.3 19.4
1.70V 575.7 488.0 364.3 236.8 144.9 107.1 74.1 64.4 51.1 42.7 19.3
1.75V 548.6 462.0 338.6 225.7 139.9 103.8 72.1 63.4 50.5 42.1 19.0
1.80V 527.6 435.6 316.8 211.5 133.8 100.6 70.4 61.8 49.5 41.1 18.7
1.83V 490.8 409.0 301.6 198.0 127.8 97.3 68.7 60.7 48.6 40.2 18.3
1.85V 467.2 386.3 282.5 190.9 120.8 95.4 68.0 59.8 48.1 40.0 18.1
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1.88V 434.3 352.2 265.3 182.8 118.1 93.5 67.3 58.9 47.5 39.7 17.9
1.90V 401.8 326.6 242.4 169.5 113.3 89.5 65.5 57.6 46.3 38.6 17.7
1.94V 361.3 290.9 214.5 150.5 102.3 82.3 60.7 53.5 43.2 36.4 17.0
Eos-500 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 833.3 697.9 516.8 326.7 192.6 141.3 95.8 82.7 65.9 54.7 24.4
1.65V 769.8 650.6 495.0 309.9 188.1 137.8 93.5 81.6 65.0 54.2 24.2
1.70V 719.6 610.0 455.4 296.0 181.2 133.8 92.7 80.5 63.9 53.4 24.1
1.75V 685.7 577.5 423.2 282.2 174.8 129.7 90.1 79.2 63.1 52.6 23.8
1.80V 659.6 544.5 396.0 264.3 167.3 125.7 88.0 77.2 61.9 51.4 23.3
1.83V 613.5 511.2 377.0 247.5 159.8 121.7 85.9 75.8 60.8 50.3 22.9
1.85V 584.0 482.8 353.1 238.6 151.0 119.3 85.0 74.7 60.1 50.0 22.6
1.88V 542.9 440.3 331.7 228.5 147.7 116.8 84.2 73.7 59.4 49.6 22.4
1.90V 502.2 408.3 302.9 211.9 141.6 111.9 81.9 72.0 57.8 48.3 22.1
1.94V 451.6 363.7 268.1 188.1 127.9 102.9 75.8 66.8 54.1 45.5 21.2
Eos-600 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 999.9 837.4 620.1 392.0 231.1 169.5 115.0 99.2 79.1 65.7 29.3
1.65V 923.8 780.7 594.0 371.8 225.7 165.4 112.1 97.9 78.1 65.0 29.1
1.70V 863.5 732.1 546.5 355.2 217.4 160.6 111.2 96.6 76.6 64.0 28.9
1.75V 822.8 693.0 507.9 338.6 209.8 155.6 108.1 95.0 75.7 63.1 28.5
1.80V 791.5 653.4 475.2 317.2 200.8 150.9 105.6 92.7 74.3 61.7 28.0
1.83V 736.2 613.5 452.4 297.0 191.7 146.0 103.1 91.0 72.9 60.4 27.4
1.85V 700.8 579.4 423.7 286.3 181.2 143.2 102.0 89.7 72.1 60.0 27.1
1.88V 651.5 528.3 398.0 274.2 177.2 140.2 101.0 88.4 71.3 59.5 26.9
1.90V 602.6 489.9 363.5 254.2 169.9 134.2 98.2 86.4 69.4 58.0 26.5
1.94V 542.0 436.4 321.8 225.7 153.5 123.4 91.0 80.2 64.9 54.6 25.5
Eos-800 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 1158.3 974.6 792.0 521.9 320.8 235.5 154.0 132.7 103.9 86.0 39.9
1.65V 1086.2 917.4 722.3 492.6 311.7 229.2 152.1 131.1 103.0 85.5 39.3
1.70V 1020.8 868.1 660.5 468.1 301.0 218.9 148.3 127.9 101.5 84.2 39.1
1.75V 963.0 817.1 609.0 441.9 289.9 213.8 145.7 126.0 100.1 83.5 38.8
1.80V 909.7 762.0 570.2 419.8 281.2 209.1 142.4 123.6 98.2 82.4 38.0
1.83V 842.6 701.4 532.2 396.0 269.3 202.8 140.2 122.0 97.6 82.0 38.0
1.85V 781.1 648.2 501.3 370.7 253.4 191.8 133.5 116.8 94.2 79.0 36.9
1.88V 717.1 586.3 464.1 336.6 235.6 180.8 127.2 111.3 90.8 76.0 35.8
1.90V 639.7 511.8 416.6 306.5 211.9 171.3 120.9 106.0 85.4 72.0 34.4
1.94V 575.8 465.2 382.5 275.6 189.1 146.9 106.3 93.7 76.6 65.3 30.6
Eos-1000 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 1447.9 1218.3 990.0 652.4 401.0 294.4 192.5 165.8 129.8 107.5 49.8
1.65V 1357.7 1146.7 902.9 615.8 389.6 286.4 190.1 163.8 128.7 106.9 49.1
1.70V 1276.0 1085.2 825.7 585.1 376.2 273.6 185.3 159.9 126.8 105.2 48.9
1.75V 1203.7 1021.4 761.3 552.4 362.3 267.3 182.2 157.5 125.1 104.3 48.5
1.80V 1137.2 952.5 712.8 524.7 351.5 261.4 178.0 154.4 122.8 103.0 47.4
1.83V 1053.2 876.8 665.3 495.0 336.6 253.4 175.2 152.5 122.0 102.5 47.4
1.85V 976.3 810.2 626.7 463.3 316.8 239.7 166.8 146.0 117.8 98.8 46.1
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1.88V 896.4 732.9 580.1 420.8 294.5 226.1 159.0 139.1 113.5 95.0 44.7
1.90V 799.6 639.7 520.7 383.1 264.8 214.2 151.1 132.5 106.8 90.0 43.0
1.94V 719.8 581.5 478.2 344.5 236.4 183.6 132.9 117.2 95.8 81.7 38.3
Eos-1200 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 1737.5 1461.9 1188.0 782.9 481.1 353.2 230.9 199.0 155.8 129.0 59.8
1.65V 1629.3 1376.0 1083.5 738.9 467.5 343.7 228.1 196.6 154.4 128.3 58.9
1.70V 1531.2 1302.2 990.8 702.1 451.4 328.3 222.4 191.9 152.2 126.3 58.7
1.75V 1444.4 1225.7 913.6 662.9 434.8 320.8 218.6 189.0 150.1 125.2 58.2
1.80V 1364.6 1143.0 855.4 629.6 421.7 313.6 213.6 185.3 147.3 123.6 56.9
1.83V 1263.8 1052.1 798.3 594.0 403.9 304.1 210.3 183.0 146.4 123.0 56.9
1.85V 1171.6 972.3 752.0 556.0 380.2 287.7 200.2 175.2 141.4 118.5 55.3
1.88V 1075.7 879.5 696.2 504.9 353.4 271.3 190.8 166.9 136.2 114.0 53.7
1.90V 959.5 767.6 624.9 459.8 317.8 257.0 181.3 159.0 128.2 108.0 51.6
1.94V 863.7 697.8 573.8 413.4 283.6 220.3 159.5 140.6 114.9 98.0 45.9
Eos-1500 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 2171.8 1827.4 1485.0 978.6 601.4 441.5 288.7 248.7 194.7 161.3 74.7
1.65V 2036.6 1720.1 1354.3 923.7 584.3 429.7 285.1 245.8 193.1 160.4 73.7
1.70V 1914.0 1627.7 1238.5 877.6 564.3 410.4 278.0 239.8 190.3 157.9 73.4
1.75V 1805.5 1532.1 1142.0 828.6 543.5 401.0 273.2 236.3 187.7 156.5 72.7
1.80V 1705.7 1428.8 1069.2 787.1 527.2 392.0 267.0 231.7 184.1 154.4 71.2
1.83V 1579.8 1315.2 997.9 742.5 504.9 380.2 262.8 228.7 183.0 153.7 71.2
1.85V 1464.5 1215.4 940.0 695.0 475.2 359.6 250.2 219.0 176.7 148.1 69.1
1.88V 1344.6 1099.3 870.2 631.1 441.8 339.1 238.5 208.6 170.2 142.6 67.1
1.90V 1199.4 959.5 781.1 574.7 397.2 321.3 226.6 198.7 160.2 135.0 64.5
1.94V 1079.7 872.2 717.3 516.8 354.5 275.3 199.4 175.7 143.6 122.5 57.4
Eos-2000 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 2895.8 2436.6 1980.0 1304.8 801.9 588.7 384.9 331.7 259.6 215.0 99.7
1.65V 2715.4 2293.4 1805.8 1231.6 779.1 572.9 380.2 327.7 257.4 213.8 98.2
1.70V 2552.0 2170.3 1651.3 1170.2 752.4 547.1 370.7 319.8 253.7 210.5 97.8
1.75V 2407.4 2042.8 1522.6 1104.8 724.7 534.6 364.3 315.1 250.2 208.7 96.9
1.80V 2274.3 1905.1 1425.6 1049.4 702.9 522.7 356.0 308.9 245.5 205.9 94.9
1.83V 2106.4 1753.6 1330.6 990.0 673.2 506.9 350.5 304.9 244.0 204.9 94.9
1.85V 1952.6 1620.5 1253.3 926.6 633.6 479.5 333.6 292.1 235.6 197.5 92.2
1.88V 1792.8 1465.8 1160.3 841.5 589.1 452.1 318.0 278.2 227.0 190.1 89.4
1.90V 1599.2 1279.4 1041.5 766.3 529.7 428.3 302.1 265.0 213.6 180.0 86.0
1.94V 1439.5 1163.0 956.3 689.0 472.7 367.1 265.8 234.3 191.5 163.4 76.6
Eos-800A 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 1160.6 976.5 793.6 522.9 321.4 236.0 154.3 133.0 104.1 86.2 40.0
1.65V 1088.4 919.2 723.7 493.6 312.3 229.7 152.4 131.4 103.2 85.7 39.4
1.70V 1022.8 869.8 661.8 469.0 301.6 219.3 148.6 128.2 101.7 84.4 39.2
1.75V 964.9 818.7 610.2 442.8 290.5 214.2 146.0 126.3 100.3 83.7 38.9
1.80V 911.5 763.5 571.3 420.6 281.8 209.5 142.7 123.8 98.4 82.6 38.1
1.83V 844.3 702.8 533.3 396.8 269.8 203.2 140.5 122.2 97.8 82.2 38.1
1.85V 782.7 649.5 502.3 371.4 253.9 192.2 133.8 117.0 94.4 79.2 37.0
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1.88V 718.5 587.5 465.0 337.3 236.1 181.2 127.5 111.5 91.0 76.2 35.9
1.90V 641.0 512.8 417.4 307.1 212.3 171.6 121.1 106.2 85.6 72.1 34.5
1.94V 577.0 466.1 383.3 276.2 189.5 147.2 106.5 93.9 76.8 65.4 30.7
Eos-1000A 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 1450.8 1220.7 992.0 653.7 401.8 295.0 192.9 166.1 130.1 107.7 49.9
1.65V 1360.4 1149.0 904.7 617.0 390.4 287.0 190.5 164.1 129.0 107.1 49.2
1.70V 1278.6 1087.4 827.4 586.3 377.0 274.1 185.7 160.2 127.1 105.4 49.0
1.75V 1206.1 1023.4 762.8 553.5 363.0 267.8 182.6 157.8 125.4 104.5 48.6
1.80V 1139.5 954.4 714.2 525.7 352.2 261.9 178.4 154.7 123.0 103.2 47.5
1.83V 1055.3 878.6 666.6 496.0 337.3 253.9 175.6 152.8 122.2 102.7 47.5
1.85V 978.3 811.8 628.0 464.2 317.4 240.2 167.1 146.3 118.0 99.0 46.2
1.88V 898.2 734.4 581.3 421.6 295.1 226.6 159.3 139.4 113.7 95.2 44.8
1.90V 801.2 641.0 521.7 383.9 265.3 214.6 151.4 132.8 107.0 90.2 43.1
1.94V 721.2 582.7 479.2 345.2 236.9 184.0 133.2 117.4 96.0 81.9 38.4
Eos-1500A 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 2177.3 1832.0 1488.7 981.0 603.0 442.7 289.5 249.3 195.2 161.6 74.9
1.65V 2041.6 1724.4 1357.7 926.0 585.9 430.7 285.9 246.3 193.6 160.7 73.8
1.70V 1918.9 1631.9 1241.7 879.9 565.8 411.4 278.7 240.4 190.7 158.2 73.5
1.75V 1810.1 1535.9 1144.8 830.7 544.8 401.9 274.0 236.8 188.2 156.8 72.9
1.80V 1710.1 1432.3 1071.8 788.9 528.6 393.0 267.7 232.2 184.6 154.9 71.3
1.83V 1583.7 1318.6 1000.4 744.4 506.2 381.0 263.5 229.3 183.4 154.1 71.2
1.85V 1468.2 1218.3 942.5 696.6 476.3 360.5 250.8 219.6 177.1 148.6 69.3
1.88V 1348.0 1102.2 872.4 632.7 442.9 340.1 239.1 209.2 170.6 142.9 67.2
1.90V 1202.4 962.0 782.9 576.1 398.1 322.1 227.2 199.3 160.6 135.4 64.7
1.94V 1082.3 874.5 719.2 518.1 355.5 276.1 199.9 176.2 144.1 122.9 57.6
Eos-2000A 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 2903.1 2442.6 1985.0 1308.1 804.0 590.3 386.0 332.4 260.3 215.5 99.8
1.65V 2722.2 2299.1 1810.3 1234.6 781.2 574.3 381.2 328.4 258.1 214.3 98.4
1.70V 2558.5 2175.9 1655.6 1173.2 754.4 548.5 371.6 320.6 254.3 210.9 98.0
1.75V 2413.4 2047.8 1526.4 1107.6 726.4 535.9 365.4 315.8 250.9 209.1 97.2
1.80V 2280.1 1909.8 1429.1 1051.9 704.8 524.1 357.0 309.6 246.1 206.5 95.0
1.83V 2111.7 1758.1 1333.9 992.5 674.9 508.1 351.4 305.8 244.5 205.5 94.9
1.85V 1957.6 1624.4 1256.6 928.9 635.1 480.6 334.4 292.7 236.1 198.1 92.4
1.88V 1797.3 1469.5 1163.2 843.6 590.5 453.4 318.8 278.9 227.5 190.5 89.6
1.90V 1603.2 1282.6 1043.9 768.2 530.9 429.4 303.0 265.7 214.1 180.5 86.2
1.94V 1443.1 1166.0 958.9 690.7 474.0 368.2 266.5 234.9 192.1 163.9 76.8
Eos-3000A 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 4352.4 3662.1 2976.0 1961.1 1205.4 885.0 578.7 498.3 390.3 323.1 149.7
1.65V 4081.2 3447.0 2714.1 1851.0 1171.2 861.0 571.5 492.3 387.0 321.3 147.6
1.70V 3835.8 3262.2 2482.2 1758.9 1131.0 822.3 557.1 480.6 381.3 316.2 147.0
1.75V 3618.3 3070.2 2288.4 1660.5 1089.0 803.4 547.8 473.4 376.2 313.5 145.8
1.80V 3418.5 2863.2 2142.6 1577.1 1056.6 785.7 535.2 464.1 369.0 309.6 142.5
1.83V 3165.9 2635.8 1999.8 1488.0 1011.9 761.7 526.8 458.4 366.6 308.1 142.3
1.85V 2934.9 2435.4 1884.0 1392.6 952.2 720.6 501.3 438.9 354.0 297.0 138.6
Narada Power Source Co., Ltd. Eos operation manual V5.3
12
1.88V 2694.6 2203.2 1743.9 1264.8 885.3 679.8 477.9 418.2 341.1 285.6 134.4
1.90V 2403.6 1923.0 1565.1 1151.7 795.9 643.8 454.2 398.4 321.0 270.6 129.3
1.94V 2163.6 1748.1 1437.6 1035.6 710.7 552.0 399.6 352.2 288.0 245.7 115.2
Table2-2 Constant power discharge characteristic (Watts, 25℃)
Eos-200 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 566.6 474.5 377.9 269.3 173.7 128.7 85.0 72.6 56.7 46.3 21.2
1.65V 538.9 455.4 357.4 248.8 159.4 120.8 82.0 70.3 54.6 45.2 20.7
1.70V 518.1 439.2 348.5 236.9 154.8 116.5 80.2 68.9 53.5 43.9 20.1
1.75V 501.9 422.7 336.6 227.7 149.3 112.2 78.2 67.3 51.5 43.2 19.8
1.80V 488.1 402.9 324.7 222.4 146.5 108.2 76.0 65.3 50.2 42.6 19.5
1.83V 461.3 384.5 306.2 214.5 140.6 105.6 74.4 63.4 49.2 41.7 19.1
1.85V 443.9 367.0 288.8 202.3 134.6 102.5 72.5 61.9 48.5 40.9 18.8
1.88V 419.1 339.9 268.5 190.1 125.1 99.0 70.1 59.7 47.2 39.9 18.3
1.90V 391.7 318.5 243.5 174.2 116.8 95.0 67.7 57.8 45.4 38.0 18.0
1.94V 354.1 285.1 218.2 154.4 107.9 88.3 64.2 55.4 43.6 36.3 17.5
Eos-260 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 736.6 616.9 491.2 350.1 225.9 167.3 110.5 94.4 73.8 60.2 27.6
1.65V 700.6 592.0 464.6 323.5 207.2 157.0 106.6 91.4 71.0 58.8 26.9
1.70V 673.5 571.0 453.0 308.0 201.2 151.4 104.2 89.6 69.5 57.1 26.2
1.75V 652.5 549.5 437.6 296.0 194.1 145.9 101.7 87.5 66.9 56.2 25.8
1.80V 634.5 523.8 422.1 289.1 190.5 140.7 98.8 84.9 65.2 55.3 25.4
1.83V 599.7 499.8 398.1 278.9 182.8 137.3 96.8 82.4 63.9 54.3 24.9
1.85V 577.0 477.0 375.4 263.0 175.0 133.2 94.2 80.4 63.1 53.2 24.4
1.88V 544.8 441.9 349.0 247.1 162.7 128.7 91.1 77.6 61.3 51.9 23.8
1.90V 509.2 414.0 316.6 226.5 151.9 123.6 88.0 75.2 59.0 49.3 23.4
1.94V 460.3 370.7 283.7 200.8 140.3 114.8 83.4 72.1 56.6 47.2 22.7
Eos-300 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 849.9 711.8 566.8 403.9 260.6 193.1 127.5 108.9 85.1 69.5 31.9
1.65V 808.3 683.1 536.1 373.2 239.1 181.2 123.1 105.4 82.0 67.8 31.1
1.70V 777.2 658.8 522.7 355.4 232.2 174.7 120.3 103.4 80.2 65.8 30.2
1.75V 752.9 634.1 504.9 341.6 223.9 168.3 117.3 101.0 77.2 64.8 29.7
1.80V 732.1 604.4 487.1 333.6 219.8 162.4 114.0 98.0 75.2 63.9 29.3
1.83V 692.0 576.7 459.4 321.8 210.9 158.4 111.7 95.0 73.8 62.6 28.7
1.85V 665.8 550.4 433.1 303.4 202.0 153.7 108.7 92.8 72.8 61.4 28.1
1.88V 628.7 509.9 402.7 285.1 187.7 148.5 105.1 89.5 70.8 59.9 27.5
1.90V 587.6 477.7 365.3 261.4 175.2 142.6 101.6 86.7 68.1 56.9 27.0
1.94V 531.1 427.7 327.3 231.7 161.9 132.5 96.2 83.2 65.3 54.5 26.2
Eos-400 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 1133.2 949.1 755.7 538.6 347.5 257.4 170.0 145.2 113.5 92.7 42.5
1.65V 1077.8 910.8 714.8 497.6 318.8 241.6 164.1 140.6 109.3 90.4 41.5
1.70V 1036.2 878.5 697.0 473.9 309.5 233.0 160.4 137.8 106.9 87.8 40.2
1.75V 1003.9 845.5 673.2 455.4 298.6 224.4 156.4 134.6 103.0 86.5 39.6
Narada Power Source Co., Ltd. Eos operation manual V5.3
13
1.80V 976.1 805.9 649.4 444.8 293.0 216.5 152.1 130.7 100.3 85.1 39.0
1.83V 922.7 768.9 612.5 429.0 281.2 211.2 148.9 126.7 98.3 83.5 38.3
1.85V 887.7 733.9 577.5 404.6 269.3 205.0 144.9 123.8 97.0 81.8 37.5
1.88V 838.2 679.8 537.0 380.2 250.3 198.0 140.2 119.3 94.4 79.9 36.6
1.90V 783.4 636.9 487.1 348.5 233.6 190.1 135.4 115.6 90.8 75.9 36.0
1.94V 708.2 570.2 436.4 308.9 215.9 176.6 128.3 110.9 87.1 72.6 35.0
Eos-500 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 1416.5 1186.4 944.6 673.2 434.4 321.8 212.5 181.5 141.9 115.8 53.1
1.65V 1347.2 1138.5 893.5 622.1 398.5 302.0 205.1 175.7 136.6 113.1 51.8
1.70V 1295.3 1098.1 871.2 592.4 386.9 291.2 200.5 172.3 133.7 109.7 50.3
1.75V 1254.8 1056.8 841.5 569.3 373.2 280.5 195.5 168.3 128.7 108.1 49.5
1.80V 1220.2 1007.3 811.8 556.1 366.3 270.6 190.1 163.4 125.4 106.4 48.8
1.83V 1153.4 961.1 765.6 536.3 351.5 264.0 186.1 158.4 122.9 104.4 47.8
1.85V 1109.6 917.4 721.9 505.7 336.6 256.2 181.2 154.7 121.3 102.3 46.9
1.88V 1047.8 849.8 671.2 475.2 312.8 247.5 175.2 149.2 118.0 99.8 45.8
1.90V 979.3 796.1 608.9 435.6 292.1 237.6 169.3 144.5 113.5 94.9 45.0
1.94V 885.2 712.8 545.5 386.1 269.9 220.8 160.4 138.6 108.9 90.8 43.7
Eos-600 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 1699.8 1423.6 1133.6 807.8 521.2 386.1 255.0 217.8 170.2 139.0 63.7
1.65V 1616.7 1366.2 1072.2 746.5 478.2 362.3 246.1 210.9 163.9 135.7 62.2
1.70V 1554.3 1317.7 1045.4 710.8 464.3 349.5 240.6 206.7 160.4 131.7 60.3
1.75V 1505.8 1268.2 1009.8 683.1 447.9 336.6 234.6 202.0 154.4 129.7 59.4
1.80V 1464.2 1208.8 974.2 667.3 439.6 324.7 228.1 196.0 150.5 127.7 58.5
1.83V 1384.0 1153.4 918.7 643.5 421.7 316.8 223.3 190.1 147.5 125.2 57.4
1.85V 1331.6 1100.9 866.3 606.9 403.9 307.5 217.4 185.6 145.5 122.8 56.3
1.88V 1257.3 1019.7 805.5 570.2 375.4 297.0 210.3 179.0 141.6 119.8 54.9
1.90V 1175.1 955.4 730.6 522.7 350.5 285.1 203.1 173.4 136.1 113.9 54.0
1.94V 1062.3 855.4 654.6 463.3 323.8 264.9 192.5 166.3 130.7 108.9 52.5
Eos-800 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 1969.1 1656.9 1369.4 998.7 635.2 471.2 320.8 282.0 229.7 190.1 85.5
1.65V 1900.8 1605.4 1316.3 967.2 608.9 459.4 312.8 275.6 224.5 185.3 83.4
1.70V 1837.4 1562.6 1273.1 930.6 584.7 449.9 306.5 269.3 221.0 183.7 82.7
1.75V 1762.2 1495.3 1196.9 877.5 559.2 441.1 301.0 261.4 216.2 182.2 82.0
1.80V 1683.0 1409.8 1118.7 807.8 538.6 427.7 293.0 255.8 211.5 179.0 80.5
1.83V 1584.0 1318.7 1045.4 755.6 518.8 418.2 285.1 248.7 205.9 175.8 79.1
1.85V 1484.0 1231.6 966.2 692.2 499.0 403.9 277.2 241.6 199.4 169.5 76.3
1.88V 1384.0 1131.6 871.2 633.6 473.6 381.7 269.3 236.0 194.0 164.7 74.1
1.90V 1247.4 997.9 790.0 586.9 449.9 368.3 259.0 228.1 186.9 159.5 71.8
1.94V 1128.6 911.8 698.0 529.1 414.2 337.0 236.0 205.1 167.9 143.7 64.7
Eos-1000 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 2461.4 2071.1 1711.7 1248.4 794.0 589.1 401.0 352.4 287.1 237.6 106.9
1.65V 2376.0 2006.7 1645.4 1209.0 761.1 574.2 391.1 344.5 280.7 231.7 104.2
1.70V 2296.8 1953.3 1591.4 1163.3 730.9 562.3 383.1 336.6 276.2 229.7 103.4
1.75V 2202.8 1869.1 1496.1 1096.9 698.9 551.4 376.2 326.7 270.3 227.7 102.5
Narada Power Source Co., Ltd. Eos operation manual V5.3
14
1.80V 2103.8 1762.2 1398.4 1009.8 673.2 534.6 366.3 319.8 264.3 223.7 100.7
1.83V 1980.0 1648.4 1306.8 944.5 648.5 522.7 356.4 310.9 257.4 219.8 98.9
1.85V 1855.0 1539.5 1207.8 865.3 623.7 504.9 346.5 302.0 249.3 211.9 95.3
1.88V 1730.0 1414.5 1089.0 792.0 592.0 477.2 336.6 295.0 242.6 205.9 92.7
1.90V 1559.3 1247.4 987.5 733.6 562.3 460.4 323.7 285.1 233.6 199.4 89.7
1.94V 1410.8 1139.7 872.4 661.3 517.8 421.2 295.0 256.4 209.9 179.6 80.8
Eos-1200 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 2983.5 2510.4 2074.8 1513.2 962.4 714.0 486.0 427.2 348.0 288.0 126.6
1.65V 2880.0 2432.4 1994.4 1465.5 922.5 696.0 474.0 417.6 340.2 280.8 124.2
1.70V 2784.0 2367.6 1929.0 1410.0 885.9 681.6 464.4 408.0 334.8 278.4 121.8
1.75V 2670.0 2265.6 1813.5 1329.6 847.2 668.4 456.0 396.0 327.6 276.0 120.6
1.80V 2550.0 2136.0 1695.0 1224.0 816.0 648.0 444.0 387.6 320.4 271.2 118.8
1.83V 2400.0 1998.0 1584.0 1144.8 786.0 633.6 432.0 376.8 312.0 266.4 117.0
1.85V 2248.5 1866.0 1464.0 1048.8 756.0 612.0 420.0 366.0 302.2 256.8 114.0
1.88V 2097.0 1714.5 1320.0 960.0 717.6 578.4 408.0 357.6 294.0 249.6 111.0
1.90V 1890.0 1512.0 1197.0 889.2 681.6 558.0 392.4 345.6 283.2 241.7 106.8
1.94V 1710.0 1381.5 1057.5 801.6 627.6 510.6 357.6 310.8 254.4 217.7 105.6
Eos-1500 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 3692.1 3106.6 2567.6 1872.6 1191.0 883.6 601.4 528.7 430.7 356.4 160.4
1.65V 3564.0 3010.1 2468.1 1813.6 1141.6 861.3 586.6 516.8 421.0 347.5 156.4
1.70V 3445.2 2929.9 2387.1 1744.9 1096.3 843.5 574.7 504.9 414.3 344.5 155.0
1.75V 3304.1 2803.7 2244.2 1645.4 1048.4 827.1 564.3 490.1 405.4 341.6 153.7
1.80V 3155.6 2643.3 2097.6 1514.7 1009.8 801.9 549.5 479.7 396.5 335.6 151.0
1.83V 2970.0 2472.5 1960.2 1416.7 972.7 784.1 534.6 466.3 386.1 329.7 148.4
1.85V 2782.5 2309.2 1811.7 1297.9 935.6 757.4 519.8 452.9 373.9 317.8 143.0
1.88V 2595.0 2121.7 1633.5 1188.0 888.0 715.8 504.9 442.5 363.8 308.9 139.0
1.90V 2338.9 1871.1 1481.3 1100.4 843.5 690.5 485.6 427.7 350.5 299.1 134.6
1.94V 2116.1 1709.6 1308.7 992.0 776.7 631.9 442.5 384.6 314.8 269.4 121.2
Eos-2000 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 4922.8 4142.2 3423.4 2496.8 1588.0 1178.1 801.9 704.9 574.2 475.2 213.8
1.65V 4752.0 4013.5 3290.8 2418.1 1522.1 1148.4 782.1 689.0 561.3 463.3 208.5
1.70V 4593.6 3906.5 3182.9 2326.5 1461.7 1124.6 766.3 673.2 552.4 459.4 206.7
1.75V 4405.5 3738.2 2992.3 2193.8 1397.9 1102.9 752.4 653.4 540.5 455.4 204.9
1.80V 4207.5 3524.4 2796.8 2019.6 1346.4 1069.2 732.6 639.5 528.7 447.5 201.4
1.83V 3960.0 3296.7 2613.6 1888.9 1296.9 1045.4 712.8 621.7 514.8 439.6 197.8
1.85V 3710.0 3078.9 2415.6 1730.5 1247.4 1009.8 693.0 603.9 498.6 423.7 190.7
1.88V 3460.1 2828.9 2178.0 1584.0 1184.0 954.4 673.2 590.0 485.1 411.8 185.3
1.90V 3118.5 2494.8 1975.1 1467.2 1124.6 920.7 647.5 570.2 467.3 398.8 179.4
1.94V 2821.5 2279.5 1744.9 1322.6 1035.5 842.5 590.0 512.8 419.8 359.2 161.6
Eos-800A 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 1973.0 1660.2 1372.1 1000.7 636.5 472.2 321.4 282.5 230.1 190.5 85.7
1.65V 1904.6 1608.6 1318.9 969.2 610.1 460.3 313.5 276.2 225.0 185.7 83.5
1.70V 1841.1 1565.7 1275.7 932.5 585.9 450.8 307.1 269.8 221.4 184.1 82.7
1.75V 1765.7 1498.3 1199.3 879.3 560.3 442.0 301.6 261.9 216.6 182.5 82.1
Narada Power Source Co., Ltd. Eos operation manual V5.3
15
1.80V 1686.4 1412.6 1120.9 809.5 539.6 428.5 293.6 256.3 211.9 179.3 80.5
1.83V 1587.2 1321.3 1047.5 757.1 519.8 419.0 285.7 249.2 206.3 176.2 79.2
1.85V 1487.0 1234.0 968.2 693.6 500.0 404.7 277.8 242.0 199.8 169.8 76.3
1.88V 1386.8 1133.8 872.9 634.9 474.6 382.5 269.8 236.5 194.4 165.1 74.2
1.90V 1249.9 999.9 791.6 588.0 450.8 369.0 259.5 228.6 187.3 159.8 71.8
1.94V 1130.9 913.6 699.3 530.1 415.0 337.7 236.5 205.5 168.2 144.0 64.8
Eos-1000A 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 2461.4 2071.1 1711.7 1248.4 794.0 589.1 401.0 352.4 287.1 237.6 106.9
1.65V 2376.0 2006.7 1645.4 1209.0 761.1 574.2 391.1 344.5 280.7 231.7 104.2
1.70V 2296.8 1953.3 1591.4 1163.3 730.9 562.3 383.1 336.6 276.2 229.7 103.4
1.75V 2202.8 1869.1 1496.1 1096.9 698.9 551.4 376.2 326.7 270.3 227.7 102.5
1.80V 2103.8 1762.2 1398.4 1009.8 673.2 534.6 366.3 319.8 264.3 223.7 100.7
1.83V 1980.0 1648.4 1306.8 944.5 648.5 522.7 356.4 310.9 257.4 219.8 98.9
1.85V 1855.0 1539.5 1207.8 865.3 623.7 504.9 346.5 302.0 249.3 211.9 95.3
1.88V 1730.0 1414.5 1089.0 792.0 592.0 477.2 336.6 295.0 242.6 205.9 92.7
1.90V 1559.3 1247.4 987.5 733.6 562.3 460.4 323.7 285.1 233.6 199.4 89.7
1.94V 1410.8 1139.7 872.4 661.3 517.8 421.2 295.0 256.4 209.9 179.6 80.8
Eos-1500A 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 3696 3110 2570 1875 1192 885 602 529 431 357 161
1.65V 3568 3013 2471 1815 1143 862 587 517 422 348 157
1.70V 3449 2933 2390 1747 1097 844 575 505 415 345 155
1.75V 3308 2807 2246 1647 1049 828 565 491 406 342 154
1.80V 3159 2646 2100 1516 1011 803 550 480 397 336 151
1.83V 2973 2475 1962 1418 974 785 535 467 386 330 148
1.85V 2785 2312 1814 1299 937 758 520 454 374 318 143
1.88V 2598 2124 1635 1189 889 717 505 443 364 309 139
1.90V 2341 1873 1483 1102 844 691 486 428 351 299 135
1.94V 2118 1711 1310 993 777 632 443 385 315 270 121
Eos-2000A 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 4928 4146 3427 2499 1590 1179 803 706 575 476 214
1.65V 4757 4017 3294 2420 1524 1150 783 690 562 464 209
1.70V 4598 3910 3186 2329 1463 1126 767 674 553 460 207
1.75V 4410 3742 2995 2196 1399 1104 753 654 541 456 205
1.80V 4212 3528 2800 2022 1348 1070 733 640 529 448 202
1.83V 3964 3300 2616 1891 1298 1046 714 622 515 440 198
1.85V 3714 3082 2418 1732 1249 1011 694 605 499 424 191
1.88V 3464 2832 2180 1586 1185 955 674 591 486 412 185
1.90V 3122 2497 1977 1469 1126 922 648 571 468 399 180
1.94V 2824 2282 1747 1324 1037 843 591 513 420 360 162
Eos-3000A 5min 15min 30min 60min 2hour 3hour 5hour 6hour 8hour 10hour 24hour
1.60V 7385 6214 5136 3746 2382 1767 1203 1057 861 713 321
1.65V 7129 6021 4937 3627 2283 1723 1173 1034 842 695 313
1.70V 6891 5860 4775 3490 2193 1687 1150 1010 829 689 310
1.75V 6609 5608 4489 3291 2097 1654 1129 980 811 683 307
Narada Power Source Co., Ltd. Eos operation manual V5.3
16
1.80V 6312 5287 4196 3030 2020 1604 1099 959 793 671 302
1.83V 5941 4946 3921 2834 1946 1568 1069 933 772 659 297
1.85V 5566 4619 3624 2596 1871 1515 1040 906 748 636 286
1.90V 4678 3743 2963 2201 1687 1381 971 855 701 598 269
1.94V 4233 3420 2618 1984 1553 1264 885 769 630 539 242
4. Internal resistance and short circuit current
The internal resistance of the battery is a dynamic nonlinear parameter that is
continuously changed along with the temperature and discharge state. The internal
resistance is the lowest when battery is fully charged. The table 2-2 shows the internal
resistance and short circuit current of Narada battery in fully charged state according to
the IEC60896 standard. Pay attention to the battery to short-circuit causes the battery
voltage to reduce to 0V, and will cause the battery internal component damaged.
Table2-3 Internal resistance and short circuit current (25℃)
type Internal Resistance（mΩ） Short Circuit Current（A）
Eos-200 0.66 3084
Eos-260 0.54 3400
Eos-300 0.47 3960
Eos-400 0.35 5089
Eos-500 0.33 6009
Eos-600 0.28 7178
Eos-800 0.21 9061
Eos-1000 0.18 10696
Eos-1200 0.17 12068
Eos-1500 0.14 14068
Eos-2000 0.11 17217
Eos-800A 0.20 9296
Eos-1000A 0.17 12880
Eos-1500A 0.14 14920
Eos-2000A 0.11 27589
Eos-3000A 0.10 31879
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Chapter Three Operation and Maintenance
1. Parameters Setup
Table3-1 Switching power supply parameter setup table (48V system)
Parameter name Normal power supply Tough power supply
Floating Voltage（V） 54 54
Equalization Voltage（V） 56.4 56.4
Charging Current（A） 0.1C
10
0.1C
10
Limited Current For Charge （A） 0.20C
10
0.20C
10
Equalization Charge Cycle（day） 90 30
Equalization Charge Time（h） 24 24
Condition to Change Float Charge To
Equalization Charge（mA/Ah）
＞50 ＞50
Condition To Change Equalization
Charge To Float Charge（mA/Ah）
＜5 ＜5
LVLD (V) 45.6 46.5
LVBD （V） Please refer to table 3-2
LVBD Recover Voltage（V） 49 50
High Voltage Warning（V） 57.6 57.6
Low Voltage Warning（V） 46 47
Temperature Compensate Ratio With
Floating Voltage（mV/℃per cell）
-3 -3
Temperature Compensate Ratio With
Equalization Voltage（mV/℃per cell）
-5 -5
High Temperature Warning（℃） 35 35
1. The voltage in above table is at 25℃. Please adjust the data according to table 3-3 at
other temperature.
2. Please contact the manufacture about standard for normal power supply or tough
power supply.
3. Above are standard setup parameters in table 3-1. We suggest you to set up end
voltage (LVBD) based on different load current to make the battery life longer. Please
refer to table 3-2.
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Table 3-2 Voltage setup parameter of LVBD and LVLD
Load current（A） End voltage（V/cell）
LVBD for 48V system
（V）
LVLD for 48V system
（V）
I＜0.025C
10
1.97 47.3 47.3
0.025C
10
≤I＜0.05C
10
1.92 46.1 46.1
0.05C
10
≤I＜0.1C
10
1.87 44.9 45.6
0.1C
10
≤I＜0.2C
10
1.83 44 45.6
0.2C
10
≤I＜0.5C
10
1.75 42 45.6
If the battery is not recharged in time after discharge, or the power is off again during
recharge, the insufficient-charged batteries will be frequently discharge, thus the
batteries will lose part of capacity in short period. And it may cause capacity loss at
initial stage and the batteries will be rejected if the situation is serious.
2. Capacity and Influence Factor
The capacity of battery is the capacity that battery can be discharged in the established
conditions, expressed as signal C. The usual unit of capacity is ampere-hour, shortened
as AH. The rated time is marked in the right and low corner of C, i.e. C10is the
capacity at 10 hours rate; C3is the capacity at 3 hours rate.
The capacity can be expressed in Rated Capacity or Actual Capacity. For Rated
Capacity of Eos battery, please see Table 1-1. The Actual Capacity is the actual output
capacity in certain discharge conditions, which is equal to product of the discharge
current and the discharge time, the unit is AH. The actual capacity is effected by
discharge rate, discharge mode, end voltage and temperature.
3. Ambient Temperature vs. Battery
The recommendation temperature for Eos battery is 15℃~25℃.Usedathighorlow
temperature, battery performance will be affected. Table 3-3 is the working
temperature range for battery.
Table 3-3 Working temperature range for battery
Working condition Temperature range Recommended temperature
Discharge -40℃～50℃ 15℃～25℃
Charge -20℃～50℃ 15℃～25℃
Storage -20℃～40℃ 15℃～25℃
Temperature affects capacity of the battery. Fig. 3-1 is the available capacity (10h rated,
end voltage 1.80Vpc) curve vs. ambient temperature. When the temperature is low, the
capacity will decrease, for example, the capacity will decrease 20% if temperature
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decreases form 25
℃
to 0℃; And too low temperature will cause battery long term
insufficient charged, also will make negative plates sulfate and make battery unable to
discharge.
The capacity will increase at some range when temperature rises. For example the
capacity will increase 5% if temperature raises from 25℃to 35℃. But when the
temperature go up further, the capacity will increase slowly, and at last stop increasing.
However, high temperature will quicken up plates’ corrosion and cause water loss, thus
shortens battery’s life.
Fig.3-1 Available Capacity (10h rate) Curve VS. Ambient Temperature
3.1 Temperatureand Floating Voltage, Equalization Voltage
The purpose to select certain floating voltage is make the battery operate in best
conditions. If the floating voltage is higher, the floating current is also higher; it will
accelerate the corruption of grids and shorten the life of the battery. If the floating
voltage is lower, the battery can’t be kept in fully charged state, this will crystallize
PbSO4, decrease the capacity, and also shorten the life of the battery. At 25℃,the
floating voltage is 2.25V, at other temperature, please adjust according to Table 3-4.
The temperature compensation coefficient for float charge is -3mV/℃/cell.Valve
regulated sealed lead acid battery need to be equalized charge regularly, in order to
guarantees the battery normal operation. Eos battery’s Equalization voltage is 2.35V.
Capacity %
Ambient Temperature
（℃）
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Table 3-4 Relationship of ambient temperature and voltage
Ambient Temperature
(℃)
Float Voltage
（V/cell）
52.31
10 2.30
15 2.28
20
2.27
25
2.25
30
2.24
35
2.22
40
2.21
Fig. 3－2 The Voltage Setting Curve Vs. Ambient Temperature
1.2 Ambient temperature vs. Battery Life
The high temperature will damage the battery, reduce the battery life. When
temperature exceeds 25℃, the battery life will decrease half per 10℃temperature
raise. For example, the design life of battery is 10 years at 25℃, if the battery is
operate at 35℃for long term, the life will be 5 years. Below is the formula:
L
25
＝
LT×2
（T－25）
/10
Notes：T the actual ambient temperature;
LTis designed life at T ambient temperature
L25is designed life at 25℃ambient temperature
Ambient temperature elevating, also will accelerate the battery grids corrosion and the
battery water loss, thus will greatly reduce the battery life. So it is important to control
the ambient temperature. When heat is accumulated to a certain degree, it will damage
the battery, seriously will lead to thermal run away. If indoor temperature reaches too
high, please improve the ambient temperature by making room ventilated, etc. The
battery spacing cannot to be less than 10mm, at the same time regulating cell floating
and equalization voltage value according to handbook’s request.
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1.3 Conductance, Resistance vs. Capacity
There is a certain corresponding relationship between conductance & resistance and
battery capacity. We suggest to test battery conductance and resistance data at difficult
stage with same type instruments from same factory. Conductance and resistance data
is only a reference to judge whether battery is good. These data cannot replace loading
test to judge whether battery is good. We recommend to test these data on the surface
or side of battery post. If there are several pairs of post, please test on nearest pair of
post.
Figure 3-3 Test location for conductance and resistance
4. Choose battery
If you choose Narada Eos Series battery, please refer to diagram3-3 monomer
lectotype curve for selecting battery capacity.
4.1 Firstly, confirm the end-of-discharge voltage. For example, end voltage for single
cell is 1.80V.
4.2 Secondly, confirm the continuous working period of battery group and its discharge
current. For example, it is required to reach 125A of constant flow output during the
power supply period of battery group for continuous 3 hours; then according to the
corresponding curve in diagram 2-3, the minimum capacity requirement will be
Eos-500.
4.3 Lastly, confirm the ambient temperature. At room temperature of 25℃, please
choose Eos-500; Otherwise, please refer to diagram 3-1 to confirm the temperature
coefficient, i.e., if temperature bellows 0℃, the capacity will reach 80% while it is
around 25℃, in that case, please divided by 0.8.
4.4 In order to assure the service life of battery, the depth of discharge should not be
too deep every time, that is to say, it’s better not to exceed more than 80%. Especially
for those areas that use battery more frequently. It is necessary that the batteries have
spare capacity every time after discharge, in order to prevent the damage caused by
long-term of insufficient charge.
Test location for
conductance and
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Fig. 3-4 Battery Selection Mode（end voltage 1.80Vpc
）
5. Requirement for Charge
5.1 Periodically Equalization Charge
The battery needs an equalization charge after floating operation over three
months, or the voltage of at least two batteries are lower than 2.18V. The method
of equalization charge is constant current and limited voltage, as follows: charge
with constant current of 0.1C10A～0.20C10A till the average voltage reaches
equalization charge voltage of 2.35Vpc (25℃), then keep charging with
equalization charge voltage, meanwhile, the current is reduced, till the charge
finished. The charging time is 24 hours.
5.2 Charge after discharge
After discharge, the batteries should be charged in time. The charge method is
constant current limit voltage as follows: charge with constant current of
0.1C10A～0.20C10A till the average voltage reaches a certain voltage, then keep
charging with this voltage, meanwhile, the current is reduced, till the charge
finished.
The certain voltage could be equalization voltage or float voltage. When the depth
of discharge is larger (normally larger than 10%), equalization voltage is
recommended so as to give fully charge to the battery. We can also determine
charge voltage according to initial current. When the current is larger than
0.05C10A (reference current to change to equalization charge), equalization voltage
is recommended. The charge time is 24 hours. We can also setup the charge
voltage according to different DOD, different charge current shown in figure 3-4,
or we can judge according to charge current value.
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Normally, the batteries are fully charged when the value of charge current is not
changed for continuous three hours at the stage of constant voltage charge,
Sometimes, we need to charge a battery in a short time, we can raise charge
current, but not higher than 0.25C10A.
Fig .3-4 The relationship between DOD and charge time
6. Storage
The storage area must be clean, ventilated, dry and without direct sunshine. All lead
acid batteries lose capacity when standing on open circuit because of self-discharge.
The result is that the voltage of open circuit is decreased, and the capacity also
decreased. The self-discharge rate is related with ambient temperature. The
self-discharge degree is smaller when the ambient temperature is lower, otherwise is
larger. Batteries should be supplementary charged if they have been stored for six
months or the open circuit voltage is lower than 2.10V/Cell. The equalization charge
method should be adopted. All batteries, which are ready to store, should be fully
charged before storage. It’s suggested to record storage time in periodic maintenance
record and record the time when another necessary supplementary charge should be
made. The quality certificates of Eos batteries record the latest charge time of the
batteries, next charge time can be calculated according to this charge time.
7. Maintenance
In order to assure service life, the batteries should be correctly inspected and
maintained. The maintenance methods of EOS batteries are recommended as follows:
7.1 Monthly Maintenance
— Keep the battery-room clean.
— Measure and record the ambient temperature of the battery-room.
— Check each battery’s cleanness; check damage and overheating trace of the
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terminal, container and lid.
— Measure and record the total voltage and floating current of the battery system.
7.2 Quarterly Maintenance
— Repeat monthly inspection.
— Measure and record floating voltage of every on-line battery. If more than two
cells’ voltage is less than 2.18Vpc after temperature compensation, the
batteries need to be equalization charged.
7.3 Yearly Maintenance
— Repeat quarterly maintenance and inspection.
— Check whether connectors are loose or not every year and tight them
— Make a discharge test to check with exact load every year, discharging 30-40%
of rated capacity. Make an 80%DOD capacity test every year after three years’
operation.
7.4 Operation and Maintenance Precautions
Insufficient Charge
If the floating voltage is not set correctly (too low or not compensate according to
temperature), the battery system will in an insufficient charge state for a long
period of time. When the electricity is out, the battery may not be able to work
because the acid is satirized and the capacity is decreased.
Over Charge
If we neglect the performance of rectifier to transfer floating charge to equalization
charge. If the rectifier cannot transfer charge modes because of its wrong
performance or no adjustment, the battery system is always in an equalization
charge state. Thus may cause serious problems for battery, such as water loss, life
decrease, thermal runaway, deformation, etc.
Too low or too high temperature
We have mentioned that too low temperature will affect the capacity of battery.
While too high temperature will also cause problems, such as water loss, life
decrease, thermal runaway, deformation, etc.
Too low end voltage
The end voltage is also an important parameter for battery. The battery shall stop
discharge when reach a certain voltage (The normal end voltage is 1.8Vpc for 10
hours rated). If the end voltage is too low, it will be difficult to recharge the battery
and decrease the charge efficiency, thus reduce the life of battery.
Long time storage after discharge
If the battery is put aside without charge for a long time after discharge, it will
affect the capacity and life of the battery, because some large size PbSO4will be
created in the negative, which are difficult to transfer to active Pb. Thus it will
affect battery life and capacity
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After-sales Service / Customer Service Hotline
P.R. China: Asia Pacific:
Eos series operation manual – (V5.3 –N- EN July 2012) – Subject to revisio without prior notice
&O
Narada Power Source Co., Ltd.
9F, Building A, No. 50 Zijinghua Road,
Hangzhou, China
Tel: +86-571-28827013
Fax: +86-571-28828290
E-mail: intl@narada.biz
Website: www.naradabattery.com
NARADAASIA P ACIFIC PTE.LTD.
65 Ubi Crescent #07-05 Hola centre,
Singapore
Tel: +65-6848 1191
Fax: +65-6749 3498
E-mail: sales@narada.com.sg
Narada Power Source Co., Ltd. Eos operation manual V5.3
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Annex 1
VRLA Battery Regular Maintenance Record
Type Place
Status Number of battery
Total Voltage（V）Current (A) Temperature
No. Voltage（V） No. Voltage（V）
113
214
315
416
517
618
719
820
921
10 22
11 23
12 24
Check by sight
Result:
Tester: Date:
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