Myron L ULTRAMETER III 9PTKB, POOLPRO PS9TKB Operation Manual

Download

Page 1

ULTRAMETER

Operation

Manual

MODEL 9PTKB

III

™

24 July 2019

Page 2

Page 3

THE 9P TITRATION KIT (WITH BLUDOCKTM OPTION)

COMES WITH EVERYTHING YOU SEE HERE

10 11

PLEASE CHECK THE CONTENTS OF YOUR KIT!

1. Ultrameter III™ Model 9P-BD

2. Cell Extender Model TKCE

3. Foam-lined hard carry case

4. M’PET 100µL xed volume pipette Model FVMP-100

5. 12 disposable pipette tips

6. 2oz. bottle of Alkalinity Standard Solution Model ALK-1002OZ

7. 2oz. bottle of Hardness Standard Solution Model HARD-2002OZ

8. 2oz. bottle of pH 4 buffer Model PH42OZ

9. 2oz. bottle of pH 7 buffer Model PH72OZ

10. 2oz. bottle of pH 10 buffer Model PH102OZ

11. 2oz. bottle of pH/ORP Sensor Storage Solution Model SS2OZ

12. 2oz. bottle of Alkalinity Reagent A1 Model H2SO4-12OZ

13. 2oz. bottle of Hardness Reagent HB, Model HBUFF2OZ

14. 2oz. bottle of Hardness Reagent H4, Model EDTA-B-LC2OZ

15. 2oz. bottle of Hardness Reagent H5, Model EDTA-B-HC2OZ

16. 1oz. bottle of ORP ISA Sensor Conditioner Model ORPCOND1OZ

17. 2oz. bottle of KCl-7000 Model KCL-70002OZ

18. 2oz. bottle of 442-3000 Model 442-30002OZ

19. Titration T-plunger Model TPLUNGER

Page 4

Page 5

I. INTRODUCTION

Thank you for selecting the feature-packed Ultrameter III™, one of the Myron L® Company’s latest in an increasing line of instruments utilizing advanced microprocessor-based circuitry and SMT manufacturing processes. This circuitry makes the instrument extremely accurate, reliable and very easy to use.

The Ultrameter III has been designed to include titration measurements for Alkalinity, Hardness and an LSI Calculator for water balance analysis. The Ultrameter III also features Myron L® Company's exclusive Free Chlorine Equivalent (FC

) function for making ORP-based free chlorine measurements, as well as optional Bluetooth® wireless data transfer. Other features include a clock with time and date, memory of up to 100 locations with time and date stamp, the ability of the user to adjust the timeout “Auto OFF”, and enhanced performance. See Features and Specications on pages 2-3.

The most exciting feature is data logging with the ability to wirelessly download the memory or stored test data with its corresponding time, date and unit name (requires -BD option or bluDockTM accessory). This feature allows the user to create spreadsheets and graphs with ease, and quickly and accurately manipulate data more effectively. The bluDock's Guardian

2 TM

application will operate on Windows® 7 or later/macOS® 10.13 or later with Bluetooth® capability. The data may be exported to spreadsheet formats such as Microsoft Excel® (.xls and .xlsx) or universal formatting (.csv). The user can also save data in a secure, encrypted format (.mlcx). Please Note: Although the Myron L® Company has performed extensive testing, we cannot guarantee compatibility of all applications and formats. We suggest testing your application and format for compatibility before relying on it.

For your convenience, a brief set of instructions is provided on the bottom side of your Ultrameter III. A Quick Start Guide with abbreviated instructions is also included with the instrument as a quick reference.

Special note ... Conductivity, resistivity, and TDS require mathematical correction to 25°C values (ref. Temperature Compensation, pg. 56). On the left of the Ultrameter III’s liquid crystal display is shown an indicator of the salt solution characteristic used to model temperature compensation of conductivity and its TDS conversion. The indicator may be KCl, NaCl, 442™ or User. Selection affects the temperature correction of conductivity and the calculation of TDS from compensated conductivity (ref. Conductivity Conversion to Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), pg. 59). The selection can affect the reported conductivity of hot or cold solutions and will change the reported TDS of a solution. Using KCl for conductivity, NaCl for resistivity, and 442™ (Natural Water characteristic) for TDS is consistent with present industry practice for standardization. This is how your instrument, as shipped from the factory, is set to operate. For use in seawater desalination for example, both the conductivity and TDS may easily be changed to NaCl.

Page 6

II. FEATURES and SPECIFICATIONS

A. Features

• ORP-based FCE Free Chlorine measurement; displays as ppm

concentration

• Alkalinity and Hardness Conductometric Titrations

• Langelier Saturation Index (LSI) Calculator

• Superior resolution 4 digit LCD displays full 9999 µS/ppm

• Cond/TDS Accuracy of ±1% of READING / ±0.1% at calibration point

• All electrodes are internal for maximum protection

• Improved 4-electrode sensor technology

• Waterproof to 1 meter/3 feet

• Autoranging conductivity/TDS/resistivity

• Prompts for easy pH calibration

• Factory calibrations stored in microprocessor

• 3 conductivity/TDS solution conversions preprogrammed into

microprocessor

• User mode feature allows:

Programming your own Cond/TDS conversion factor Programming your own temperature compensation factor Disabling temperature compensation

• Real Time Clock with Time and Date

• Data Logging with TIME and DATE in memory

• Memory stores 100 readings

• User adjustable timeout “Auto OFF”

• Bluetooth® wireless download capability with optional bluDock™

accessory package

B. General Specications

Display 4 Digit LCD Dimensions (LxWxH) 196 x 68 x 64 mm/

7.7 x 2.7 x 2.5 in.

Weight 352 g/12.4 oz. Case Material VALOX* Cond/Res/TDS Cell Material VALOX* Cond/TDS Electrodes (4) 316 Stainless Steel Cond/Res/TDS Cell Capacity 5 ml/0.17 oz. pH/ORP Sensor Well Capacity 1,2 ml/0.04 oz. Power 9V Alkaline Battery Battery Life >100 Hours/5000 Readings Operating/Storage Temperature 0-55°C/32-131°F Protection Ratings IP67/NEMA 6 (waterproof to 1 meter/3 feet)

EMI/EMC Ratings EN61326-1: 2006 + Annex A: 2008

(hand-held devices) (Conformité Européenne)

IEC 61000-4-2: 2001 and, IEC 61000-4-3: 2002

* ™ SABIC Innovative Plastics IP BV

Additional information is available on our website:

CISPR 11: 2003

www.myronl.com

MADE IN USA

Page 7

C. Specication Chart

Auto

Temperature Compensation

0-71ºC

32-160ºF

0-71ºC

32-160ºF

0-71ºC

32-160ºF

0-71ºC

32-160ºF

0-71ºC

32-160ºF

Parameters Ranges Resolution

0.01(<100µS)

0.1(<1000µS) 1(<10mS)

0.01(<100mS)

0.1(<200mS)

0.01(<100ppm)

0.1(<1000ppm) 1(<10ppt)

0.01(<100ppt)

0.1(<200ppt)

0.01(<100KΩ)

0.1(<1000KΩ)

0.1(>1MΩ)

0.01ppm

0.1(<1000 ppm) 1(<1710 ppm)

0.1(<100 grains)

0.1ºC/ºF ±0.1ºC

350≤ORPmV<725

)

725≤ORPmV<825

0-9999µS/cm

10-200mS/cm

in 5 autoranges

0-9999ppm

10-200ppt

in 5 autoranges

0.00-9.99ppm**

and 0.0≤pH<9.9

and 0.0≤pH<8.9

0-1710ppm

(0-100 grains)

0-71ºC

32-160ºF

Conductivity

TDS

Resistivity 10KΩ-30MΩ

pH 0-14pH 0.01pH ±0.01pH

ORP ±999mV 1mV ±1mV

Free Chlorine

Equivalent

(FC

Alkalinity Titration 10-800ppm 0.1ppm

Hardness Titration

LSI Calculator -10 to +10 0.01

Temperature

*EM Susceptibility: When Measuring 10.0 pH Reference Solution ±0.2 pH in the presence of RF elds ≥ 3 V/m. ±0.37 pH in the presence of RF elds at 300 MHz (±30MHz) **If either ORP or pH is outside the specied limits, the instrument will display "-Or-".

Accu-

racy

±1% of

reading

±1% of

reading

±1% of

reading

±0.3ppm

<1.00ppm*

±0.2ppm

≥1.00ppm

Adjustable

Temperature Compensation

0-9.99%/ºC

Cond/TDS

Ratios

Prepro-

grammed

KCl, NaCl,

442™

Adjust-

able

Cond/

TDS

Ratio

Factor

0.20-

7.99

WARNING: These products can expose you to chemicals including

Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), which is known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm. For more information go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov

D. Warranty/Service The Myron L® Ultrameter III, excluding the pH/ORP sensor, has a Two (2) Year Limited Warranty. The pH/ORP sensor has a Six (6) Month Limited Warranty for materials and workmanship. If an instrument fails to operate properly, see Troubleshooting Chart, pgs. 52-53. The battery, pH/ORP sensor and cell extender are user-replaceable. For other service, return the instrument prepaid to the Myron L® Company.

MYRON L® COMPANY

2450 Impala Drive

Carlsbad, CA 92010-7226 USA

+1-760-438-2021 E-Mail: info@myronl.com techquestions@myronl.com

www.myronl.com

If, in the opinion of the factory, failure was due to materials or workmanship, repair or replacement will be made without charge. A reasonable service charge will be made for diagnosis or repairs due to normal wear, abuse or tampering. This warranty is limited to the repair or replacement of the Ultrameter III only. The Myron L® Company assumes no other responsibility or liability.

Page 8

E. Ultrameter

Model

III

Ultrameter III Model 9P

PARAMETERS

Conductivity/Resistivity/TDS/Alkalinity/Hardness/LSI/ORPmV/

Free Chlorine Equivalent (FCE) ppm/pH/Temperature

PLEASE NOTE:

Because of our commitment to product improvement, the substance and style of this manual may change. When changes are made, the updated manual is posted for download in PDF format from the Myron L® Website:

www.myronl.com

Page 9

TABLE OF CONTENTS

9PTK Contents ............................................i

Instrument Illustration ...................................... ii

I. INTRODUCTION ................................... 1

II. FEATURES and SPECIFICATIONS ....................2

A. Features ................................2

B. General Specications .....................2

C. Specication Chart ........................3

D. Warranty/Service..........................3

E. Ultrameter III Model .......................3

III. RULES of OPERATION..............................8

A. Operation ...............................8

B. Characteristics of the Keys ..................8

C. Operation of the Keys ......................8

1. Measurement Keys in General......... 8

2. COND, RES and TDS Keys ........... 9

3. Alkalinity, Hardness and LSI Keys . . . . . . 9

4. pH and ORP/FCE Keys ...............10

5. CAL/MCLR Key ...................10

6. UP or DOWN Keys................. 10

IV. AFTER USING THE ULTRAMETER III................. 11

A. Maintenance of the Conductivity Cell ......... 11

B. Maintenance of the pH/ORP Sensor.......... 11

V. SPECIFIC RECOMMENDED MEASURING

PROCEDURES ...................... 11

A. Parameter Methods....................... 11

B. Titration Methods......................... 11

1. Pipette Instructions................. 12

2. T-plunger Instructions...............13

3. Mixing Solution in Cell ..............13

C. Measuring Conductivity &

Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) ............ 14

D. Measuring Resistivity .....................14

E. Measuring Alkalinity ......................14

F. Measuring Hardness......................16

1. Hardness Unit Selection............. 16

2. Select EDTA Reagent...............16

3. Hardness Titration Procedure ........16

G. LSI Calculator Functions...................18

1. Measuring LSI ....................19

2. Hypothetical LSI Calculations ........19

H. Measuring pH ...........................19

I. Measuring ORP..........................20

1. ORP/FCE Mode Selection ...........20

2. Measuring ORP ...................21

J. Measuring FCE ..........................21

1. Prepare for FCE Measurement ........ 21

2. FCE Flow Method ..................21

3. FCE Immersion Method .............22

4. FCE Best Practices ................. 23

Page 10

VI. SOLUTION SELECTION ............................ 23

A. Why Solution Selection is Available .......... 23

B. The 4 Solution Types ..................... 23

C. Calibration of Each Solution Type ............ 23

D. Procedure to Select a Solution ..............23

E. Application of User Solution Type ............24

1. User Programmable Temperature

Compensation (Tempco) ........24

2. Disabling Temperature Compensation ...25

3. User Programmable Conductivity to

TDS Ratio .................... 25

VII. CALIBRATION....................................26

A. Calibration Intervals ......................26

B. Rules for Calibration of the Ultrameter III ......26

1. Calibration Steps ..................26

2. Calibration Limits ..................28

C. Calibration Procedures ....................28

1. Conductivity or TDS Calibration ....... 28

2. User Calibration Conductivity/TDS..... 28

3. Resistivity Calibration...............29

4. Reloading Factory Calibration

(Cond or TDS) ................29

5. Alkalinity Calibration................29

6. Hardness Calibration ...............31

7. pH Calibration ....................33

8. ORP Calibration ...................35

9. Temperature Calibration.............35

VIII. CALIBRATION INTERVALS .........................35

A. Suggested Intervals ......................35

B. Calibration Tracking Records ...............35

C. Conductivity, RES, TDS Practices............36

D. pH and ORP/FCE Practices.................36

IX. MEMORY........................................36

A. Memory Storage .........................36

B. Memory Recall ..........................37

C. Clearing a Record/Memory Clear ............37

X. TIME and DATE................................... 38

A. Setting TIME ............................38

B. Setting DATE............................39

C. DATE FORMAT “US & International (Int)” ...... 40

XI. TEMPERATURE FORMAT “Centigrade & Fahrenheit” .....41

XII. TOTAL RETURN to FACTORY SETTINGS..............41

XIII. CELL CHECK ....................................42

XIV. AUTO OFF ......................................43

XV. USER MODE CALIBRATION LINC™ FUNCTION ........44

A. Calibration of Ultrameter III for use in

User mode .......................... 44

B. Setting User mode Calibration “Linc” .........45

C. Canceling User mode Calibration “Linc” .......46

XVI. bluDock™ Wireless Data Transfer Instructions...........47

A. Software Installation ......................47

Page 11

B. Hardware Setup .........................47

C. Memory Stack Download ..................48

XVII. CARE and MAINTENANCE ......................... 49

A. Temperature Extremes ....................49

B. Battery Replacement......................49

C. pH/ORP Sensor Replacement .............. 50

D. Cleaning Sensors ........................50

XVIII. TROUBLESHOOTING .............................52

XIX. ACCESSORIES................................... 54

A. Conductivity/TDS Standard Solutions ......... 54

B. Titration Standard Solutions ................54

C. Titration Reagent Solutions ................. 55

D. pH Buffer Solutions .......................55

E. pH Sensor Storage Solution ................55

F. ORP Sensor Conditioner Solution............55

G. Soft Protective Carry Cases ................55

H. Hard Protective Carry Cases ...............56

I. Replacement pH/ORP Sensor ..............56

J. Pipette Kit with Replacement Tips............ 56

K. Replacement M’Pet Pipette.................56

L. M’Pet Pipette Replacement Tips.............56

M. bluDockTM Wireless Data Transfer

Accessory Package................... 56

XX. TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION (Tempco)

of Aqueous Solutions.................. 56

A. Standardized to 25°C .....................56

B. Tempco Variation.........................57

C. An Example of 2 different solution selections

and the resulting compensation.......... 57

D. A Chart of Comparative Error ...............58

E. Other Solutions ..........................58

XXI. CONDUCTIVITY CONVERSION to

TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS (TDS) ......59

A. How it’s Done ...........................59

B. Solution Characteristics ...................59

C. When does it make a lot of difference? ........ 60

XXII. TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION (Tempco)

and TDS DERIVATION ................60

A. Conductivity Characteristics ................60

B. Finding the Tempco of an Unknown Solution ...61

C. Finding the TDS Ratio of an Unknown Solution ... 61

XXIII. pH and ORP/FCE..................................62

A. pH ....................................62

B. ORP/Oxidation-Reduction Potential/REDOX ...64

C. FCE ...................................65

XXIV. ALKALINITY, HARDNESS AND LSI ................... 66

A. Alkalinity and Hardness Titrations............66

B. Langelier Saturation Index .................66

C. Hardness Units ..........................67

XXV. SOFTWARE VERSION .............................67

XXVI. GLOSSARY...................................... 68

Page 12

III. RULES of OPERATION

A. Operation NOTE: The cell extender does not interfere with normal operation. Using the instrument is simple:

• Individual or multiple parameter readings may be obtained by lling individual sensors or entire cell cup area.

• Rinse the conductivity cell and/or pH/ORP sensor well with test solution 3 times and rell. Temperature and/or measurement extremes will require additional rinses for maximum accuracy.

• Press the desired measurement key to start measurement.

• For titrations, user intuitive display prompts guide you through the addition of reagents and measurements.

• Pressing any parameter key again in measurements restarts the 15 second “Auto off” timer. Pressing any parameter key again during titrations will cancel the titration in progress.

• Note the value displayed and/or press the MS key to store the

reading (ref. Memory Storage, pg. 36). It’s that simple!

B. Characteristics of the Keys

• Though your Ultrameter III has a variety of sophisticated

options, it is designed to provide quick, easy, accurate

measurements by simply pressing a key.

• All functions are performed one key at a time.

• THERE IS NO “OFF” KEY. If the instrument remains inactive for 15 seconds after you press any parameter key (user adjustable up to 75 seconds), the instrument turns itself off. The instrument turns itself off after 60 seconds of inactivity in CAL mode, 3 minutes of inactivity in each titration screen and 60 seconds of inactivity in each LSI calculator value screen.

• Rarely is it necessary to press and hold a key (as in Procedure to Select a Solution, pg. 23; Conductivity or TDS Calibration, pg. 28; and ORP/FCE Mode Selection, pg. 20).

C. Operation of the Keys (See Instrument Illustration, pg. ii)

1. Measurement Keys in General

Any of the 8 measurement keys turns on the instrument in the mode selected. The mode is shown at the bottom of the display for COND, RES, TDS, ORP and pH. The ORP mode is indicated by the units displayed, mV for ORP or ppm for free chlorine. Measurement units appear at the right. Pressing any measurement key puts the unit in that measurement mode even if you are in a calibration sequence and also serves to cancel a change (ref. Leaving Calibration, pg. 27).

Page 13

2. COND, RES and TDS Keys These 3 keys are used with solution in the Conductivity Cell.

Precautions:

• While lling cell cup, ensure no air bubbles cling on the cell wall.

• If the proper solution is not selected (KCl, NaCl, 442™ or User), refer to Why Solution Selection is Available, pg. 23 and Procedure to Select a Solution, pg. 23.

a. COND Key Solution to be tested is introduced into the conductivity cell and a press

of displays conductivity with units on the right. On the left is

shown the solution type selected for conductivity.

b. RES Key A press of

is shown solution type selected for resistivity (ref. Solution Selection, pg. 23). The range of display of resistivity is limited to between 10 kilohms (KΩ) and 30 megohms (MΩ). A solution outside that range will only show [- - - -] in the display.

c. TDS Key A press of

This is a display of the concentration of ionized material calculated from compensated conductivity using the characteristics of a known material. On the left is shown solution type selected for TDS (ref. Solution Selection, pg. 23).

displays resistivity with units on the right. On the left

displays Total Dissolved Solids with units on the right.

3. Alkalinity, Hardness and LSI Keys

The ALK and HARD keys enter the titration measurement functions. The LSI key also allows you to access the LSI Calculator.

NOTE: All titration measurements require the installation of the cell

extender.

a. Alkalinity Key

A press of

b. Hardness Key A press of

c. LSI Key A press of

used to measure LSI by pulling the most recent alkalinity, hardness, pH and temperature values or for hypothetical water balance adjustments.

enters the Alkalinity titration function.

enters the unit in the Hardness titration function.

enters the unit in LSI calculator mode, which can be

Page 14

4. pH and ORP/FC Keys

Measurements are made on solution held in the pH/ORP sensor well (ref. pH and ORP/FCE, pg. 62). The protective cap is removed and the sensor well is lled and rinsed with the sample enough times to completely replace the storage solution.

After use, the pH/ORP sensor well must be relled with Myron L® Storage Solution, and the protective cap reinstalled securely (ref. Maintenance of the pH/ORP Sensor, pg. 11 and Cleaning Sensors, 2. pH/ORP, pg. 50).

a. pH Key A press of

displays pH readings. No units are displayed on the right.

b. ORP/Fr Chl Key

In ORP mode, a press of

displays Oxidation-Reduction Potential

/REDOX reading in millivolts; "mV" is displayed. When the FCE mode

is activated, a press of

reading in "ppm" alternating with the FCE predictive ORP reading in "mV".

displays the Free Chlorine Equivalent

5. CAL/MCLR Key While measuring conductivity, TDS, or pH, a press of

allows

you to enter the calibration mode. Once in CAL mode, a press of this key accepts the new value. If no more calibration options follow, the instrument returns to measuring (ref. Leaving Calibration, pg. 27).

If is held down for about 3 seconds, CAL mode is not entered,

but “SEL” appears to allow Solution Selection (ref. pg. 23) with the UP or DOWN keys. As in calibration, the CAL key is now an “accept” key.

While measuring ORP or Free Chlorine, holding CAL down for about 3 seconds allows ORP/FCE mode selection (ref. pg. 20).

For titrations and LSI Calculator, the CAL key steps you through the procedure and accepts values for nal calculations.

Once in CAL mode, a press of this key accepts the new value. While reviewing stored records, the MCLR side of the key is active to allow clearing records (ref. Clearing a Record/Memory Clear, pg. 37).

6. UP or DOWN Keys While measuring in any parameter, the or

keys activate

the Memory Store and Memory Recall functions. A single press steps the display and holding either key scrolls the value rapidly.

Page 15

While in calibration or calculator mode, the keys step or scroll the displayed value up or down.

While in Memory Recall, the keys scroll the display up and down through the stack of records (ref. Memory Recall, pg. 37).

IV. AFTER USING THE ULTRAMETER

A. Maintenance of the Conductivity Cell Rinse out the cell cup with clean water. Do not scrub the cell. For oily lms, squirt in a foaming non-abrasive cleaner and rinse (ref. Cleaning Sensors, pg. 50). Even if a very active chemical discolors the electrodes, this does not affect the accuracy; leave it alone.

B. Maintenance of the pH/ORP Sensor The sensor well must be kept wet. Before replacing the rubber cap, rinse and ll the sensor well with Myron L® pH Sensor Storage Solution. Although not ideal, if Myron L® Storage Solution is not available, you can temporarily use a strong KCl solution, a pH 4 Buffer Solution, or a saturated solution of table salt and tap water until pH Storage Solution is obtained. NEVER use distilled water.

If all ORP solutions are reporting approximately the same value, clean ONLY the platinum ORP electrode with an MLC ORP conditioner-soaked cotton swab, being careful not to touch the swab to the glass bulb of the pH sensor.

V. SPECIFIC RECOMMENDED MEASURING PROCEDURES

A. Parameter Methods For Conductivity and Total Dissolved Solids measurements, if the proper solution is not selected (KCl, NaCl, 442TM or User), see Solution Selection, pg. 23.

III

NOTE: After sampling high concentration solutions or temperature extremes, more rinsing may be required. When sampling low conductivity solutions, be sure the pH cap is well seated so that no solution washes into the conductivity cell from around the pH cap.

B. Titration Methods For Alkalinity, Hardness titrations, assemble the required materials before you begin: a pipette with 100µL tips, the required reagents, the cell extender, and the T-plunger.

Page 16

NOTE: The accuracy of titration measurements

Plunger Button

is affected by your technique. Be careful when removing the cap of the cell extender to add reagents. Flicking the cap or popping it off can

Plunger Rod

cause solution to spill out of the cell extender. Always use a new pipette tip when changing solutions to avoid contamination.

1. Pipette Instructions

100µl

Always use a clean tip when changing solutions! To install a tip, press the wide end of

Shaft Coupling

100 µL

the tip on the end of the pipette until it is secure. Avoid contaminating the pipette tips. To remove a tip, simply pull it off the end of the pipette.

Disposable Tip

Shaft Coupling

100µl

100 µL

Pipette Assembly

Shaft Bottom

Disposable Tip

Fully Assembled Pipette

NOTE: Do NOT twist the cap off as this may unscrew the shaft bottom from the pipette.

The pipette has 3 positions: REST, FIRST STOP, and SECOND STOP. Practice pushing in and letting up on the pipette to feel the different positions.

Rest Position: The plunger is all the way U P.

First Stop: The plunger is depressed until resistance is felt.

a. To DRAW a sample: Grasp the pipette by the shaft with your hand. Rest your thumb on top of the plunger button. Use your thumb to depress the top of the pipette to the FIRST STOP. Insert the tip end down into sample until only the tip is submerged, about 2-3mm / 1/8". Slowly release the top and let it return to the REST position being careful to keep the tip submerged.

b. To DISPENSE a sample: With the pipette in the REST position, place the tip end

Second Stop: The plunger is depressed all the way DOWN.

Do not allow the pipette tip to touch the cell wall or the sample.

Page 17

over the conductivity cell being careful



not to touch the tip to the existing solution. Depress the top of the pipette

to the SECOND STOP (all the way down) being careful to keep the tip over

the cell. Release the plunger button and let it return to the REST position.

2. T-Plunger Instructions

To PLUNGE the cell: Clean and dry the T-plunger. With the

cell extender installed and solution in

the cell, insert the tip of the T-plunger in the cell extender until the arms of the T-plunger are ush against the rim of the cell extender. Solution will overow the

cell.

Keeping the arms of the T-plunger ush against the rim of the cell extender, rotate the T-plunger from side to side, allowing the arms of the T-plunger to slide along the rim of the cell extender.

Remove the T-plunger from the cell by lifting it straight up out of the cell, being careful to keep it centered over the mouth of the cell extender. When the T-plunger is completely out of solution, tap the T-plunger on the inside rim of the cell extender to dispel any clinging solution back into the cell.

Insert the T-plunger all the way down into the cell extender then rotate it from side to side.

Hold the T-plunger over the cell then tap rmly so that solution is dispelled back into the cell cup.

Remove the T-plunger completely from

the cell area.

3. Mixing Solution in Cell

a. Agitate When the display says to agitate (“AGit”): Grasp the instrument on both sides of the keypad (keypad facing up) with your hands so you don’t accidentally drop or release it. Agitate the solution in the cell by swinging the cell cup area of the 9P up

“AGit”: When “AGit” displays, swing the cell end of the 9P up and down ve or more times.

and down ve or more times. b. Hold

When the display says to hold (“HOLd”): Hold the instrument steady in the horizontal position while the instrument

records a measurement.

“HOLd”: When “HOLd” displays, hold

the 9P still with bottom of case parallel to the ground.

Page 18

C. Measuring Conductivity & Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)

1. Rinse cell cup 3 times with sample to be measured. (This

conditions the temperature compensation network and prepares

the cell.)

2. Rell cell cup with sample.

3. Press or

4. Take reading. A display of [- - - -] indicates an overrange

condition.

D. Measuring Resistivity Resistivity is for low conductivity solutions. In a cell cup the value may drift from trace contaminants or absorption from atmospheric gasses, so measuring a owing sample is recommended.

1. Ensure pH protective cap is secure to avoid contamination.

2. Hold instrument at 30° angle (cup sloping downward).

3. Let sample ow continuously into conductivity cell with no aeration.

4. Press

NOTE: If reading is lower than 10 kilohms, display will be dashes: [ - - - - ]. Measure solution Conductivity instead.

E. Measuring Alkalinity Prepare the materials required for titration: Reagent: A1, cell extender, T-plunger, and 100µL pipette with a clean tip installed.

NOTE: If you do not complete each titration point within the 3-minute timeout period, the unit exits the Alkalinity function. Start the titration process over.

key; use best reading.

If you make a gross error in your titration method, e.g., you forget to add sample to the cell, “Err” will display. Start the titration over.

1. Ensure pH protective cap is secure to avoid contamination.

2. Install the cell extender by pushing the base of the cell extender

into the conductivity cell until it is fully seated.

3. Rinse the conductivity cell cup and cell extender 3 times with

solution to be measured.

4. Rell cell cup and cell extender with sample solution.

5. Insert T-plunger into open cell extender until the “T” rests ush

on the lip of the cell extender. This will cause uid beyond what is required for titration to overow the cell extender.

Page 19

6. Rotate the T-plunger from side to side, allowing the arms of the T-plunger to slide along the rim of the cell extender.

7. Carefully remove the T-plunger so as not to ick or spill remaining sample. Tap the T-plunger on the inside rim of the cell extender to remove sample that may be stuck to the T-plunger.

8. Press . “AL” alternating with “tdS” briey displays along

with the “PPM” value of the sample. “PrES CAL” will display when the reading stabilizes.

9. Press CAL to accept and advance to the rst titration prompt. “Add” alternating with “A1” displays.

10. Using the pipette, add 100µL of Reagent: A1, close the cell extender cap securely, Press CAL to continue.

11. “AGit t1” ashes on the screen. Agitate to mix the sample. When agitation is done, tap the cell extender cap to dispel any solution clinging to the cap back into the cell. Press CAL to continue.

(The number after "t" indicates which titration point you are on.

The number "1" here indicates this is the rst titration point. Subsequent titration points are sequenced numerically: 2, 3, 4,

etc.)

12. “HOLd” displays. Keep holding the meter steady until “Add”

alternating with “A1” displays. Open the cell extender cap carefully to avoid spilling, and use the pipette to add 100µL of Reagent A1. Close the cell extender cap securely. Press CAL to continue.

13. Repeat Steps 11 and 12 until the meter reports the alkalinity result.

14. Note the value for your records or press MS to store the value. The unit will automatically power off.

Page 20

F. Measuring Hardness

1. Hardness Unit Selection

The 9P offers the ability to set the hardness unit preference to either

“PPM” CaCO3 or grains of hardness. To change hardness units, press HARD, then press and hold CAL down until “HArd” and “SEL” are

displayed. Press UP or DOWN to toggle between “PPM” and grains (no units are displayed for grains). Press CAL to accept. This also sets the hardness unit preference for the LSI Calculator simultaneously.

2. Select EDTA Reagent 0-200 ppm- Reagent H4, EDTA-B-LC (optimal for 0-100 ppm) 0-1710 ppm- Reagent H5, EDTA-B-HC (optimal for 100-1710 ppm)

3. Hardness Titration Procedure Prepare the materials required for titration: Reagent: HB, Reagent: H4, or Reagent: H5, cell extender, T-plunger, 100µL pipette with a clean tip installed, and one extra clean tip.

NOTE: If you do not complete each titration point within the 3-minute timeout period, the unit exits the Hardness function. Start the titration process over.

1. Ensure pH protective cap is secure to avoid contamination.

2. Install the cell extender by pushing the base of the cell extender into the conductivity cell until it is fully seated.

3. Rinse the conductivity cell cup and cell extender 3 times with solution to be measured.

4. Rell cell cup and cell extender with sample solution.

5. Insert T-plunger into open cell extender until the “T” rests ush on the lip of the cell extender. This will cause uid beyond what is required for titration to overow the cell extender.

6. Rotate the T-plunger from side to side, allowing the arms of the T-plunger to slide along the rim of the cell extender.

Page 21

7. Carefully remove the T-plunger so as not to ick or spill remaining sample. Tap the T-plunger on the inside rim of the cell extender to remove sample that may be stuck to the T-plunger.

8. Press . “CA” alternating with “tdS” displays along with

“PPM” sample value. “PrES CAL” displays when the reading stabilizes.

9. Press CAL. "HC" or "LC" will display; use the UP or DOWN keys to switch to HC for the higher range (0-1710 ppm) or LC for the lower range (0-200ppm). Press CAL to accept and

continue.

10. “Add” alternating with “buFF” displays. Using the pipette, add

100µL of Reagent HB to the sample, close the cell extender cap securely. Change the pipette tip for adding EDTA in following steps. Press CAL to continue.

11. “AGit” ashes on the screen. Agitate to mix the sample. When agitation is done, tap the cell extender cap to dispel any solution clinging to the cap back into the cell. Press CAL to continue.

12. “HOLd” displays. Keep holding the meter steady until “Add” alternating with “EdtA” displays. Open the cell extender cap carefully to avoid spilling, and use the pipette to add 100µL of EDTA-B-HC or EDTA-B-LC, as indicated on the display. Close the cell extender cap securely. Press CAL to continue.

13. “AGit t1” ashes on the screen. Agitate to mix the sample. When agitation is done, tap the cell extender cap to dispel any solution clinging to the cap back into the cell. Press CAL to continue. (The number after “t” indicates which titration point you are on. The number “1” here indicates this is the rst titration point. Subsequent titration points are sequenced numerically: 2, 3, 4,

etc.)

14. Repeat Steps 12 and 13 until the meter reports the hardness result.

15. Note the hardness value for your records or press MS to store

the value. The unit will automatically power off.

NOTE: If there is a gross error in your titration method, e.g., you forgot to add sample to the cell, “rEAd Err” will alternate with “rEPt tit”. Repeat the titration from Step 1 to obtain a reading. If the reading is over range, the display indicates “Or”. If the reading is under range, the display indicates “0.00”.

Page 22

G. LSI Calculator Functions The Ultrameter III features an LSI Calculator that can be used to perform actual LSI or for hypothetical water balance calculations.

The LSI Calculator computes a Langelier Saturation Index value using measured, default, or user-adjusted values for alkalinity, hardness, pH and temperature.

If you have stored alkalinity, hardness or pH and temperature values, the calculator will automatically display the most recent stored value. All other values will display as default. You can adjust any or all of the values displayed to determine the effect of the change(s) on the LSI value.

1. Measuring LSI To compute the actual saturation index of a solution:

Before you enter the calculator function, you must measure and store values for all water balance variables used by the calculator to compute

saturation index.

1. Perform an alkalinity titration of the sample solution (ref.

Measuring Alkalinity, pg. 14). Press MS to store the reading in

memory.

2. Perform a hardness titration of the sample solution (ref.

Measuring Hardness, pg. 16). Press MS to store the reading in

memory.

3. Measure the pH of the sample solution (ref. Measuring pH, pg.

19) Press MS to store the reading in memory.

4. Press

5. The last stored alkalinity value is displayed.

6. Press CAL to accept value and advance to the hardness value

screen. The last stored hardness value is displayed.

7. Press CAL to accept value and advance to the pH value screen.

The last stored pH value is displayed.

8. Press CAL to accept value and advance to the temperature

value screen. The last stored temperature value (taken from the last stored hardness or alkalinity titration) is displayed.

9. Press CAL to accept and calculate LSI. The saturation index value will display. Press MS to store the reading. The unit will automatically power off after the period of inactivity dened in the AUTO OFF setting (ref. AUTO OFF, pg. 43).

Page 23

If you want to modify any of the input values and recalculate LSI based on those changes, press CAL again and repeat Steps 5-9 using the UP and DOWN keys to change the values. If you want to change hardness units (ppm/grains), you must do so in the hardness parameter. See Hardness Unit Selection, pg. 16.

2. Hypothetical LSI Calculations

To compute saturation index using hypothetical alkalinity, hardness, pH or temperature values:

1. Press

2. Either the last stored value or the default value of “120” is

displayed.

3. Press the UP or DOWN keys to adjust the alkalinity value or

leave as displayed.

4. Press CAL to accept and advance to the hardness value screen. Either the last stored value or the default value of “166” is displayed.

5. Press the UP or DOWN keys to adjust the hardness value or leave as displayed.

6. Press CAL to accept hardness value and advance to the pH value screen. Either the last stored value or the default value of “7.20” is displayed.

7. Press UP or DOWN to adjust the pH value or leave as displayed.

8. Press CAL to accept pH value and advance to the temperature value screen. Either the last stored value (taken from the last stored hardness or alkalinity titration) or the default value of “25 ºC” is displayed.

9. Press UP or DOWN to adjust the temperature value or leave as displayed.

10. Press CAL to accept and calculate LSI. A saturation index value will display.

If you want to modify any of the input values and recalculate LSI based on those changes, press CAL again and repeat Steps 3-10. If you want to change hardness units, you must do so in the hardness parameter. See Hardness Unit Selection, pg. 16.

H. Measuring pH

1. Remove protective cap by rotating while grasping and pulling up.

2. Rinse pH/ORP sensor well and conductivity cell cup 3 times with sample to be measured. Shake out each sample to remove

any residual liquid.

Page 24

3. Rell both sensor well and cell cup with sample.

4. Press

5. Note value displayed.

6. IMPORTANT: The sensor well must be kept wet. Before

replacing the rubber cap, rinse and ll the sensor well with Myron L® pH Sensor Storage Solution.

I. Measuring ORP The Ultrameter III features the ability to measure the activity of oxidizing or reducing chemicals in solution as ORP mV. The instrument also includes an innovative Free Chlorine Equivalent (FCE) feature (Measuring Free Chlorine Using FCE, pg. 21) that uses ORP and pH to measure free available chlorine (FAC) concentration in ppm. ORP mV and ppm of free available chlorine (FAC) are the two most commonly used sanitizer units of measure in water quality management.

1. ORP / FCE Mode Selection The Ultrameter III allows the user to choose between measuring oxidizing sanitizers using either ORP mV or as parts per million (ppm) of equivalent free chlorine. Use ORP to directly measure the oxidizing power of all sanitizers like ozone, bromine, peracetic acid or chlorine. Use

FCE to measure the strength of oxidizing sanitizers as ppm of equivalent

free chlorine. To select between ORP and Free Chlorine Equivalent modes:

1. Press

2. Press and hold

for approximately 3 seconds.

The current preference for ORP units of measure is displayed. Factory setting for this preference is ORP mV.

3. Press the or

keys to toggle between mV (standard

ORP mode) and FCE ppm. The setting chosen is displayed.

PPM

Page 25

4. Press any parameter key to exit ORP unit preference selection or let the unit time out. ORP unit preference will be saved.

2. Measuring ORP

1. Ensure the 9P is in ORP mode (ref. ORP/FCE Mode Selection,

pg. 20).

2. Remove protective cap by rotating while grasping and pulling up.

3. Rinse sensor well and cell cup 3 times with sample to be measured. Shake out each sample to remove any residual liquid.

4. Rell both sensor well and cell cup with sample.

5. Press .

6. Take reading.

7. Press MS to store reading in memory, if desired.

IMPORTANT: The sensor well must be kept wet. Before

replacing the rubber cap, rinse and ll the sensor well with Myron L® pH Sensor Storage Solution.

J. Measuring Free Chlorine Using FC

The FCE function can be used to measure owing solution, bodies of water and discrete samples. The measurement techniques are unique to each type of sample. For best results, use the FCE Flow Method or

the FCE Immersion Method. For discrete samples, follow the FCE Flow

method, but instead of a running stream, rinse the conductivity cell cup and pH sensor well three times then ll with the sample to be tested. Read through Section 4: FCE Best Practices before you begin.

1. Prepare for FCE Measurement

1. For ease of measurement, set the instrument’s Auto oFF feature to 75 sec (ref. AUTO OFF, pg. 43).

2. Ensure the FCE mode has been activated (ref. ORP/FCE Mode

Selection, pg. 20).

3. Remove protective cap from the pH/ORP sensor by rotating while grasping and pulling up.

2. FCE Flow Method

1. Empty the pH/ORP sensor well of all storage solution.

2. Hold the 9P at a 30º angle (cup sloping downward).

3. Thoroughly ush the pH sensor well and conductivity cell cup with a steady stream of the solution you intend to measure by allowing the solution to ow into and out of the sensor well and cell cup for at least 10 seconds.

Page 26

4. Let sample ow continuously into conductivity cell cup with no

aeration.

5. Allow both the pH sensor well and conductivity cell cup to remain lled with sample.

6. Press

predicted nal ORP value and a free chlorine equivalent

concentration in ppm. Both readings will change rapidly at rst.

7. Wait for the readings to stabilize. When the mV and ppm values are unchanging for 5 consecutive readings, the FCE reading has reached a stable level. This may take 1 to 2 minutes. NOTE: If the reading takes more than 1 minute to stabilize,

press the

from disturbing the measurement process. Annunciators will

alert you when either the pH or ORP of the nal FCE are Out of Range (“-Or-”).

8. Press MS to store reading in memory if desired.

3. FCE Immersion Method

NOTE: Use this method for pools, spas and other large standing bodies of water.

1. Hold instrument beneath the surface of the water to avoid surface effects on the water’s chemistry.

2. Swirl the instrument around for at least 10 seconds to thoroughly rinse the conductivity cell cup and pH sensor well.

. The instrument will begin alternating between a

after 1 minute to prevent the Auto oFF feature

3. Continue holding the instrument under the surface while taking the reading.

4. Press .

5. The instrument will begin alternating between a predicted nal ORP value and a free chlorine equivalent concentration in ppm. Both readings will change rapidly at rst.

6. Wait for the readings to stabilize. When the mV and ppm values are unchanging for 5 consecutive readings, the FCE reading has reached a stable level. This may take 1 to 2 minutes. NOTE: If the reading takes longer than 1 minute to stabilize,

press after 1 minute to prevent the Auto-OFF feature from

Page 27

disturbing the measurement process. Annunciators will alert you when either the pH or ORP of the nal FCE are Out of Range (“-Or-”).

7. Press MS to store reading in memory if desired.

4. FCE Best Practices

For best results it is recommended that you:

1. Take at least 3 consecutive FCE measurements and record the readings.

2. Discard measurements that are signicantly different from the others.

3. Calculate the average of the remaining measurements. Use this value.

IMPORTANT: The sensor well must be kept wet. Before replacing the rubber cap, rinse and ll the sensor well with Myron L® pH Sensor Storage Solution.

VI. SOLUTION SELECTION

A. Why Solution Selection is Available Conductivity, resistivity, and TDS require temperature correction to 25°C values (ref. Standardized to 25°C, pg. 56). Selection determines the temperature correction of conductivity and calculation of TDS from compensated conductivity (ref. Cond. Conversion to TDS, pg. 59). B. The 4 Solution Types On the left side of the display is the salt solution characteristic used to model temperature compensation of conductivity and its TDS conversion. Generally, using KCl for conductivity, NaCl for resistivity, and

442TM (Natural Water characteristic) for TDS will reect present industry

practice for standardization. This is how your instrument is shipped from the factory (ref. Solution Characteristics, pg. 59).

The User selection allows a custom value to be entered for the temperature compensation of conductivity and also the conversion ratio if measuring TDS.

C. Calibration of Each Solution Type There is a separate calibration for each of the 4 solution types. Note that calibration of a 442TM solution does not affect the calibration of a NaCl solution. For example: Calibration (ref. Conductivity or TDS Calibration, pg. 28) is performed separately for each type of solution one wishes to measure (ref. Conductivity/TDS Standard Solutions, pg. 54).

D. Procedure to Select a Solution NOTE: Check display to see if solution displayed (KCl, NaCl, 442TM or User) is already the type desired. If not:

Page 28

1. Press

which you wish to change the solution type.

or to select the parameter on

2. Press and hold

appear (see Figure 1). For demonstration purposes, all 4 solution types are shown simultaneously.

3. Use the

(ref. Solution Characteristics, pg. 59). The selected solution

type will be displayed: KCl, NaCl, 442TM or User.

4. Press to accept new solution type.

E. Application of User Solution Type

1. User Programmable Temperature Compensation

This feature allows you to change your Ultrameter III’s temperature compensation factor to another factor between 0-9.99%/°C (ref. Temperature Compensation, pg. 56). This feature does not apply to pH or ORP.

or key to select type of solution desired

key for 3 seconds to make “SEL”

(Tempco)

a. As in Procedure to Select a Solution, above, select User mode.

b. With User mode now selected, press

adjust a temperature compensation from .00%/°C to 9.99%/°C,

by pressing or . See example in Figure 2, pg. 25.

. You may now

Page 29

c. Press twice to skip calibration adjustment and accept

the new tempco (3 times if in TDS mode). You are now ready to measure samples with your new temperature compensation factor.

2. Disabling Temperature Compensation

a. Select User mode (ref. Procedure to Select a Solution, pg. 23).

b. With “User” selected, press . If the display does not

show .00%/°C, hold long enough to bring the tempco to

.00%/°C (see Figure 3).

c. Press

compensation is now disabled (=0) for measurements in User

mode.

3. User Programmable Conductivity to TDS Ratio

This feature allows you to select a custom conductivity to TDS conversion ratio within the range of 0.20-7.99 for User mode measurements.

To determine the conversion ratio for a custom solution of known TDS ppm value, measure the solution conductivity at 25ºC with the Ultrameter III and divide the ppm value by the µS value. For example, a solution of known 75 ppm TDS and measured 100 µS conductivity at 25ºC would have a conversion ratio of 75/100 or 0.75. Enter the new conversion ratio as follows:

twice (3 times if in TDS mode). Temperature

Page 30

a. While in User mode, press .

b. Press twice (to skip over tempco adjustment) and

“RATIO” will appear (see Figure 4).

c. Adjust with

displayed.

d. Press twice (to skip over calibration adjustment) to

accept new conversion ratio. You are now ready to measure samples with the new conductivity/TDS ratio.

VII. CALIBRATION

A. Calibration Intervals Generally, calibration is recommended about once per month with Conductivity or TDS solutions. Calibration with pH solutions should be checked twice a month. Calibration of ORP is not necessary (ref. CALIBRATION INTERVALS TABLE under Calibration Steps, pg. 26).

B. Rules for Calibration of the Ultrameter

1. Calibration Steps The following table lists measurement functions and their corresponding calibration requirements:

key until new conversion ratio is

III

Page 31

CALIBRATION INTERVALS TABLE:

Function

KCl, NaCl or 442

User

Cond Gain Only Tempco, then Gain Res Done in Conductivity Done in Conductivity TDS Gain Only Tempco, Ratio, then Gain pH 7, acid and/or base

ORP Zero set with pH 7

automatically

Alkalinity Gain Only Hardness Gain Only

a. Starting Calibration For Alkalinity and Hardness, calibration is begun by pressing when the titration is complete and a value displays.

For Conductivity, TDS or pH, calibration is begun by pressing

while measuring Conductivity, TDS or pH. Measuring continues, but the “CAL” icon is on, indicating calibration is now changeable. The

reading is changed with the known value.

and

keys to match the

The calibration for each of the 4 solution types may be performed in either conductivity or TDS mode.

Once in CAL mode, the new calibration.

For pH, at each point, pressing

key becomes an “ACCEPT” key for the

accepts the new calibration

value and steps you to the next adjustment.

To bypass a calibration, simply press to accept the present value as-is.

b. Leaving Calibration Pressing accepts calibration and exits CAL mode if there are no

more steps. Calibration is complete when the “CAL” icon goes out. Pressing any measurement key during calibration cancels changes not yet accepted and exits calibration mode. Leaving pH after the 2nd buffer results in the same gain being entered in place of the 3rd buffer.

Page 32

2. Calibration Limits There are calibration limits for all functions for which calibration is required. The 9P will not allow you to calibrate beyond its calibration limits. Attempts to calibrate too far up or down from the ideal “FAC” value stored in the unit by the factory will cause the displayed value to be replaced with “FAC”. If you accept it (press the CAL key), you will have the original default factory calibration for this measurement. The need to calibrate so far out that “FAC” appears indicates a procedural problem, incorrect standard solution, a very dirty cell cup or an aging pH/ORP sensor (ref. Troubleshooting Chart, pg. 52).

C. Calibration Procedures

1. Conductivity or TDS Calibration

a. Rinse conductivity cell 3 times with proper standard (KCl, NaCl,

or 442TM) (ref. Cond/TDS Standard Solutions, pg. 54). For user

calibration see User Calibration Conductivity/TDS below.

b. Rell conductivity cell with same standard. KCl-7000 shown.

c. Press

appear on the display (see Figure 5).

d. Press

standard’s value (7032 > 7000) or hold a key down to scroll rapidly through the reading.

e. Press

sequence for this particular solution type. If another solution type is also to be measured, change solution type now and repeat this procedure.

2. User Calibration Conductivity/TDS Instrument must be in User mode, see Solution Selection, pg. 23.

a. Rinse conductivity cell three times with YOUR standard.

or , then press

or to step the displayed value toward the

once to conrm new value and end the calibration

; “CAL” icon will

b. Rell conductivity cell with same standard.

Page 33

c. Press or , then press twice in COND/

three times in TDS. The “CAL” icon will appear on the display.

d. Press

standard’s value or hold a key down to scroll rapidly through

the reading.

e. Press once to conrm new value and end the calibration

sequence for this particular solution type.

3. Resistivity Calibration

Resistivity is the reciprocal of Conductivity. To calibrate resistivity, calibrate conductivity for the solution type you wish to measure (ref. Conductivity or TDS Calibration, pg. 28).

4. Reloading Factory Calibration (Cond or TDS)

If calibration is suspect or known to be incorrect, and no standard solution is available, the calibration value can be replaced with the original factory value for that solution. This “FAC” value is the same for all Ultrameter IIIs, and returns you to a known state without solution in the cell. The “FAC” internal electronics calibration (which bypasses the electrodes and cell) is not intended to replace calibration with conductivity/TDS standard solutions. If another solution type requires resetting, change solution type and repeat this procedure.

a. Press

b. Press

twice if in Conductivity, and three times if in TDS to skip over tempco and ratio adjustments.)

or to step the displayed value toward the

or .

. (If in “User” solution mode — press CAL key

c. Press key until “FAC” appears and release.

d. Press to accept the factory calibration setting.

5. Alkalinity Calibration

Prepare the materials required for titration: Alkalinity Standard Solution 100PPM, Reagent: A1, cell extender, T-plunger, and 100µL pipette with a clean tip installed.

NOTE: If you do not complete each titration point within the 3-minute timeout period, the unit exits the Alkalinity function. Start the titration process over.

Page 34

If you make a gross error in your titration method, e.g., you forget to add sample to the cell, “Err” will display. Start the titration over.

1. Ensure pH protective cap is secure to avoid contamination.

2. Install the cell extender by pushing the base of the cell extender into the conductivity cell until it is fully seated.

3. Rinse the conductivity cell cup and cell extender 3 times with Alkalinity Standard 100PPM.

4. Rell cell cup and cell extender with Alkalinity Standard 100PPM.

6. Rotate the T-plunger from side to side, allowing the arms of the T-plunger to slide along the rim of the cell extender.

7. Carefully remove the T-plunger so as not to ick or spill remaining sample. Tap the T-plunger on the inside rim of the cell extender to remove sample that may be stuck to the T-plunger.

8. Press . “AL” alternating with “tdS” briey displays along

with the “PPM” value of the sample. “PrES CAL” will display when the reading stabilizes.

9. Press CAL to accept and advance to the rst titration prompt. “Add” alternating with “A1” displays.

10. Using the pipette, add 100µL of Reagent: A1, close the cell extender cap securely, Press CAL to continue.

Page 35

(The number after "t" indicates which titration point you are

on. The number "1" here indicates this is the rst titration point. Subsequent titration points are sequenced numerically: 2, 3, 4,

etc.).

12. “HOLd” displays. Keep holding the meter steady until “Add”

alternating with “A1” displays. Open the cell extender cap carefully to avoid spilling, and use the pipette to add 100µL of Reagent A1. Close the cell extender cap securely. Press CAL to

continue.

13. Repeat Steps 11 and 12 until the meter reports the alkalinity

result.

14. Press CAL. The “CAL” icon will display.

15. Adjust the displayed value to "100" using the UP or DOWN key.

NOTE: If you scroll beyond ±10% of the reading "FAC" will display. If you press the CAL key while "FAC" is displayed, the instrument will return Alkalinity to factory calibration (erasing any previous wet calibration adjustments).

16. Press CAL to accept. The unit will automatically power off.

6. Hardness Calibration Prepare the materials required for titration: Hardness Standard Solution 200PPM, Reagent: HB, Reagent: H4, or Reagent: H5, cell extender, T-plunger, 100µL pipette with a clean tip installed, and one extra clean tip.

NOTE: If you do not complete each titration point within the 3-minute timeout period, the unit exits the Hardness function. Start the titration process over.

1. Ensure pH protective cap is secure to avoid contamination.

2. Install the cell extender by pushing the base of the cell extender into the conductivity cell until it is fully seated.

3. Rinse the conductivity cell cup and cell extender 3 times with Hardness Standard 200PPM.

4. Rell cell cup and cell extender with Hardness Standard 200PPM.

Page 36

6. Rotate the T-plunger from side to side, allowing the arms of the T-plunger to slide along the rim of the cell extender.

7. Carefully remove the T-plunger so as not to ick or spill remaining sample. Tap the T-plunger on the inside rim of the cell extender to remove sample that may be stuck to the T-plunger.

8. Press . “CA” alternating with “tdS” displays along with

“PPM” sample value. “PrES CAL” displays when the reading stabilizes.

9. Press CAL. "HC" or "LC" will display; use the UP or DOWN keys to switch to HC for the higher range (0-1710 ppm) or LC for the lower range (0-200ppm). Press CAL to accept and continue.

10. “Add” alternating with “buFF” displays. Using the pipette, add 100µL of Reagent: HB to the sample, close the cell extender cap securely. Change the pipette tip for adding EDTA in following steps. Press CAL to continue.

13. “AGit t1” ashes on the screen. Agitate to mix the sample.

When agitation is done, tap the cell extender cap to dispel any solution clinging to the cap back into the cell. Press CAL to continue. (The number after “t” indicates which titration point you are on. The number “1” here indicates this is the rst titration point.

Subsequent titration points are sequenced numerically: 2, 3, 4, etc.)

14. Repeat Steps 12 and 13 until the meter reports the hardness result.

15. Press CAL. The “CAL” icon will display.

16. Adjust the displayed value to "200" using the UP or DOWN key.

NOTE: If you scroll beyond ±10% of the reading "FAC" will display. If

you press the CAL key while "FAC" is displayed, the instrument will return Hardness to factory calibration (erasing any previous wet calibration adjustments).

Page 37

17. Press CAL to accept.

The unit will automatically power off.

7. pH Calibration IMPORTANT: Always “zero” your Ultrameter III with a pH 7 buffer solution before adjusting the gain with acid or base buffers, i.e., 4 and/ or 10, etc.

a. pH Zero Calibration

1. Rinse sensor well and cell cup 3 times with 7 buffer solution.

2. Rell both sensor well and cell cup with 7 buffer solution.

3. Press to verify the pH calibration. If the display shows

7.00, skip the pH Zero Calibration and proceed to section b. pH Gain Calibration.

4. Press to enter calibration mode. The “CAL”, “BUFFER”

and “7” annunciators will appear (see Figure 6). Displayed value will be the uncalibrated sensor.

NOTE: If a wrong buffer is added (outside of 6-8 pH), “7”and “BUFFER” will ash, and the Ultrameter III will not adjust. The uncalibrated pH value displayed in Step 4 will assist in determining the accuracy of the pH sensor. If the pH reading is above 8 with pH 7 buffer solution, the sensor well needs additional rinsing or the pH sensor is defective and needs to be replaced.

5. Press or

NOTE: Attempted calibration of >1 pH point from factory calibration will cause “FAC” to appear. This indicates the need for sensor replacement (ref. Troubleshooting pg. 52) or fresh buffer solution. The “FAC” internal electronic calibration is not intended to replace calibration with pH buffers. It assumes an ideal pH sensor Each “FAC” indicates a factory setting for that calibration step (i.e., 7, acid, base).

until the display reads “7.00”.

Page 38

You may press

Figure 8

CAL

to accept the preset factory value, or you may

reduce your variation from factory setting by pressing

6. Press to accept the new value. The pH Zero Calibration

is now complete. You may continue with pH Gain Calibration or exit by pressing any measurement key.

b. pH Gain Calibration IMPORTANT: Always calibrate or verify your Ultrameter III with a pH 7 buffer solution before adjusting the gain with acid or base buffers, i.e., 4 and/or 10, etc. Either acid or base solution can be used for the 2nd point “Gain” calibration and then the opposite for the 3rd point. The display will verify that a buffer is in the sensor well by displaying either “Acd” or “bAS”.

1. The pH calibration mode is initiated by either completion of the pH Zero Calibration, or verifying 7 buffer and pressing the

key twice while in pH measurement mode.

2. At this point the “CAL”, “BUFFER” and “Acd” or “bAS”

annunciators will be displayed (see Figures 7 and 8).

BUFFER

NOTE: If the “Acd” and “bAS” indicators are blinking, the unit is indicating an error and needs either an acid or base solution present in the sensor well.

3. Rinse sensor well 3 times with acid or base buffer solution.

4. Rell sensor well again with same buffer solution.

5. Press

until display agrees with buffer value.

6. Press to accept 2nd point of calibration. Now the

display indicates the next type of buffer to be used.

Page 39

Single point Gain Calibration is complete. You may continue for the 3rd point of calibration (2nd Gain) or exit by pressing any measurement key. Exiting causes the value accepted for the buffer to be used for both acid and base measurements.

To continue with 3rd point calibration, use basic buffer if acidic buffer was used in the 2nd point, or vice-versa. Again, match the display to the known buffer value as in Step 2 and continue with the following steps:

7. Repeat Steps 3 through 6 using opposite buffer solution.

8. Press

completes the calibration procedure. Fill sensor well with Myron L® Storage Solution and replace protective cap.

8. ORP Calibration ORP electrodes rarely give false readings without problems in the reference electrode. For this reason, and because calibration solutions for ORP are highly reactive and potentially hazardous, your Ultrameter III has an electronic ORP calibration. This causes the zero point on the reference electrode to be set whenever pH 7 calibration is done.

9. Temperature Calibration Temperature calibration is not necessary in the Ultrameter III.

VIII. CALIBRATION INTERVALS

There is no simple answer as to how often one should calibrate an instrument. The Ultrameter III is designed to not require frequent recalibration. The most common sources of error were eliminated in the design, and there are no mechanical adjustments. Still, to ensure specied accuracy, any instrument must be checked against chemical

standards occasionally.

A. Suggested Intervals On the average, we expect calibration need only be checked monthly for the Conductivity, RES or TDS functions. The pH function should be checked every 2 weeks to ensure accuracy. Measuring some solutions will require more frequent intervals.

B. Calibration Tracking Records To minimize your calibration effort, keep records. If adjustments you are making are minimal for your application, you can check less often. Changes in conductivity calibration should be recorded in percent. Changes in pH calibration are best recorded in pH units. Calibration is purposely limited in the Ultrameter III to ±10% for the conductivity cell, as any change beyond that indicates damage, not drift. Likewise, calibration changes are limited to ±1 pH unit, as any change beyond that indicates the end of the sensor’s lifetime and replacement is recommended.

to accept 3rd point of calibration, which

Page 40

C. Conductivity, RES, TDS, Practices to Maintain Calibration

1. Clean oily lms or organic material from the cell electrodes with foaming cleaner or mild acid. Do not scrub inside the cell.

2. Calibrate with solutions close to the measurements you make. Readings are compensated for temperature based on the type of solution. If you choose to measure tap water with a KCl compensation, which is often done (ref. An Example of 2 different solution selections and the resulting compensation, pg. 57), and you calibrate with 442TM solution because it is handy, the further away from 25°C you are, the more error you have. Your records of calibration changes will reect temperature changes more than the instrument’s accuracy.

3. Rinse out the cell with pure water after taking measurements. Allowing slow dissolving crystals to form in the cell contaminates future samples.

4. For maximum accuracy, keep the pH sensor cap on tight so that no uid washes into the conductivity cell.

D. pH and ORP/Free Chlorine Equivalent Practices to Maintain Calibration

1. The sensor well must be kept wet. Before replacing the rubber cap, rinse and ll the sensor well with Myron L® pH Sensor Storage Solution. Although not ideal, if Myron L® Storage Solution is not available, you can temporarily use a strong KCl solution, a pH 4 Buffer Solution, or a saturated solution of table salt and tap water until pH Storage Solution is obtained. NEVER use distilled water.

2. Rinse away caustic solutions immediately after use.

ORP calibration solutions are caustic, and ±5% is considered very accurate. By using the pH zero setting (0 mV = 7 pH) for ORP and precision electronics for detection, the Ultrameter III delivers better accuracy without calibration than a simpler instrument could using calibration solutions.

IX. MEMORY

This feature allows up to 100 readings with their temperatures to be stored simultaneously for later recall. At the same time, the TIME and DATE are also recorded. To download the memory to a computer, ref. bluDock™ WIRELESS DATA TRANSFER INSTRUCTIONS, pg. 47.

A. Memory Storage

1. While displaying a measurement, press displayed value.

to record the

Page 41

2. “MEMORY” will appear and the temperature display will

be momentarily replaced by a number (1-100) showing the position of the record. Figure 9 shows a reading of 1806 µS

stored in memory record #4.

B. Memory Recall

1. Press any measurement key.

2. Press ; “MEMORY” will appear, and the display will show

the last record stored.

3. Press

(the temperature display alternates between temperature recorded and location number).

4. Press

5. Press any measurement key to leave memory recall or allow to automatically turn off.

C. Clearing a Record/Memory Clear After recalling a certain record location, press and HOLD clear that memory. This space will be the place for the next memory record, unless you scroll to another empty position before ending the recall sequence. The next memory stored will go into the next highest available memory location. Example: You have locations 1-7 lled and wish to clear the conductivity reading stored in record location #3 and replace it with a pH reading.

1. Press

2. Press and HOLD

3. Fill pH/ORP sensor well with sample.

4. Press

reading in location #3.

to display time and date stamp.

and scroll to location #3.

to measure sample and press to store

to scroll to the record location desired

to clear old record #3.

Page 42

5. The next memory stored will go into location #8.

6. To clear all records: After pressing

ALL” will be displayed (see Figure 10).

X. TIME and DATE

The Time and Date may easily be changed as you travel.

A. Setting TIME Time is always displayed in 24 hour time. Example shown in Figure 11, 16:05 equals 4:05 PM.

1. Press .

Press

All records will be cleared.

, scroll down. “CLr

2. Press

stored readings, “PC OFF”, and “CLr ALL” to time, e.g., “16:05”).

3. Press

time (see Figure 11).

4. Press

until the time is displayed (scrolling through

to initiate. “CAL” will be displayed along with the

or to change the time.

Page 43

5. Press

to accept the change (new time).

B. Setting DATE Example shown in Figure 12 is in US format, i.e., mo/dy/yr.

Figure 12

NOTE: The default format is US. Date format may be changed (ref. Date Format “US and International (Int)”, pg. 40).

1. Press .

2. Press repeatedly until the date is displayed (scrolling

through stored readings, “PC OFF”, “CLr ALL” and time to the date, e.g., “01.23 12” (Figure 12), January 23, 2012).

3. Press to initiate. “CAL” will be displayed along with the

YEAR (see Figure 13).

CAL

4. Press

5. Press

6. Press

7. Press

pg. 40).

Figure 13

to change the YEAR.

to accept the change (new year).

to change the month.

to accept the change (new month), (see Figure 14,

Page 44

CAL

Figure 14

8. Press the or

to change the day.

9. Press

to accept the change (new day) (see Figure 15).

CAL

Figure 15

C. DATE FORMAT “US & International (Int)”

1. Press .

2. Press repeatedly until the format is displayed (scrolling

through stored readings, “PC OFF”, “CLr ALL”, time and date

to date format).

3. Press

to change. Display will now indicate other format

(see Figures 16 & 17).

Page 45

4. Press any measurement key or allow to automatically turn off.

XI. TEMPERATURE FORMAT “Centigrade & Fahrenheit”

1. Press .

2. Press

3. Press

format location. The display will show a “C” or “F” (see Figures 18 and 19).

4. Press

5. Press

readings.

NOTE: Tempco will still be shown in %/°C.

to display the stored memory records.

repeatedly until you pass the “US” or “Int” date

to switch units.

to accept unit preference for all temperature

XII. TOTAL RETURN to FACTORY SETTINGS “FAC SEL”

There may come a time when it would be desirable to quickly reset all the recorded calibration values in the instrument back to the factory settings. This might be to ensure all calibrations are set to a known value, or to give the instrument to someone else free of adjustments or recorded data for a particular application.

NOTE: All stored data will be lost.

1. Press

2. Press to display the stored memory records.

Page 46

3. Press

C-F locations. The display will show a “FAC SEL” (see Figure 20).

4. Press to accept the resetting. Display will return to

Conductivity.

XIII. CELL CHECK

The cell check veries the cleanliness of the conductivity/TDS/ resistivity sensor. In normal use the cell may become dirty or coated and require cleaning. If the display is showing “.00” when the cell cup is dry, the sensor is probably clean. However, when testing high purity water in resistivity (“RES”) mode improved accuracy may be desired. No matter what a manufacturer claims, a sensor can and will become contaminated or coated and, therefore, require cleaning. A true 4-wire sensor, as in the Ultrameter III, helps to mitigate contamination, but NO SENSOR IS 100% IMMUNE.

repeatedly until you pass the “CLr ALL” and the

1. Press .

2. Press

3. Press

The display will show a “CELL ch” (see Figure 21).

to display the stored memory records.

repeatedly until you pass the FAC SEL location.

Page 47

4. Press

displayed (see Figure 22). If cell is dirty, “CELL cLn” will be displayed (see Figure 23) (ref. Cleaning Sensors, pg. 50).

XIV. AUTO OFF

Auto off allows the user to adjust the time the instrument is ON (up to 75 seconds) after each press of a key. Default time is 15 seconds with 60 seconds in “CAL” (calibration) mode.

to test. If cell is clean, “Good” will momentarily be

1. Press

2. Press to display the stored memory records.

3. Press

The display will show “Auto oFF” (see Figure 24).

4. Press

SEC” or current Auto oFF value (see Figure 25, pg. 44).

repeatedly until you pass the “CELL ch” location.

to initiate. “CAL” will be displayed along with “15

Page 48

5. Press

Figure 26). Maximum time of 75 seconds is shown.

to change the amount of time (see

6. Press

XV. USER Mode CALIBRATION LINC™ FUNCTION

The Linc™ function allows easy calibration when in User mode and the user does not have a user standard solution to calibrate the instrument. This function will ensure more repeatable and accurate measurements than many other calibration methods. It is recommended that this function be used to provide the highest degree of condence when the Ultrameter III is used in User mode. When Linc is used, the User mode is linked to another standard, i.e., if User and KCl are linked, a KCI standard solution is used to calibrate the instrument. It is that simple. A. Calibration of Ultrameter

1. Press or

2. Calibrate the unit using a Standard Solution (ref. CALIBRATION, pg. 26).

3. Place the Ultrameter III in User mode (ref. SOLUTION SELECTION, pg. 23).

4. Verify/Set the calibration linc. (See below – Setting “User” Mode Calibration “Linc”.)

to accept the change (new time).

for use in User mode

III

key.

Page 49

B. Setting User mode Calibration “Linc” The Linc function sets or “links” the calibration gain factor of a Standard Solution to the User solution mode. Once set, the “Linc” will stay intact with future calibrations unless the Linc has been canceled. For more information on canceling the User mode Calibration Linc refer to the section C. Canceling User mode Calibration “Linc”, pg. 46.

Follow the steps below to set either the KCl, NaCl or 442TM calibration factor to the User solution mode.

1. Press measurement key desired to be “Linked”, i.e., ,

or .

2. Place the Ultrameter III in User mode (ref. SOLUTION

SELECTION, pg. 23, for selecting the User mode).

3. Press

Figure 27).

4. Press

“User” Icon (see Figure 28).

arrow key until the menu “Linc” appears (see

key. The instrument will display “SEL” and the

Any additional display of KCl, NaCl or 442TM icons indicates a “Linc” between the User solution and the other solution displayed.

Page 50

5. Press or keys to select a Standard Solution to be

linked to the User mode calibration constant. In Figure 29, pg. 46, the display indicates that “User” is linked to “KCl”.

If none of the Solution Selection icons are displayed (i.e., KCl, NaCl or 442TM), nothing has been linked to User mode.

6. Press

measurement keys will exit without changing the setting. User mode “Linc” is now complete. The User mode will now use the calibration gain constant used for the calibration of the Standard Solution as outlined above.

C. Canceling User mode Calibration “Linc” The Ultrameter III must be in User linked mode in order to cancel the “Linc” (ref. Solution Selection, pg. 23).

1. Press “Linked” measurement key ,

Two solution icons will be shown in the left side of display — “User” and another, e.g., “KCl”.

2. Press

3. Press

the “User” Icon.

4. Press

displayed.

key to accept the setting. Pressing any of the

key until the menu “Linc” appears (see Figure 27).

key; the instrument will display both “SEL” and

key until “User” is the only solution icon being

5. Press

6. The User mode calibration “Linc” has now been canceled.

key.

Page 51

NOTES:

1. To maintain repeatability, use the same standard solutions for future calibrations.

2. Calibration of the Ultrameter III Gain Factor for User mode is not available when the calibration linc has been established. The other calibration functions (i.e., Temperature Compensation %/C settings and TDS Ratio settings) are still intact. To perform a calibration of the User mode as described in User Calibration Conductivity/TDS, pg. 28, the User mode Linc should be canceled. See above, “Canceling User mode Calibration “Linc””.

3. Once a “Linc” has been established for User mode, the “Linc” will apply to all measurement modes using User solution selection (i.e., TDS/User, Cond/User or Res/User).

XVI. bluDock™ WIRELESS DATA TRANSFER INSTRUCTIONS

NOTE: The Bluetooth® word mark and logos are registered trademarks

owned by the Bluetooth® SIG, Inc. and any use of such marks by Mryon L® Company is under license.

Requires a bluDock enabled instrument. If your 9P does not include the bluDock option ("-BD") you may purchase the Myron L® bluDock accessory package, Model # BLUDOCK. Package includes Ultrameter III hardware modication that allows the unit to communicate wirelessly with a personal computer congured for wireless device communication. Package includes the bluDock software, Guardian

, that will operate on Windows®* 7 or later/macOS®** 10.13 or later based computer systems. A. Software Installation

1. Download Guardian2 application from the Myron L® website: http://www.myronl.com/.

Select the Downloads tab and click on Guardian2 Applications.

2. Download and install the Guardian2 application for your

operating system. You will also nd the Quick Start Guide and Operation Manual for the Guardian2 Application on this webpage. Additional drivers may be required. See our website for the latest information.

B. Hardware Setup For a computer without Bluetooth capability: A Bluetooth dongle may be purchased from your local electronics store. Plug in the dongle and install per manufacturer’s instructions.

* Windows® is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation. ** macOS® is a registered trademark of Apple, Inc.

Page 52

For computers with Bluetooth capability/Bluetooth dongle installed:

First time use of the bluDock:

1. Press any parameter button to turn the Ultrameter III on.

2. Put the Ultrameter III in “PC On” mode by pressing the key until “PC OFF” appears (see Figure 30).

3. Then press the key. “PC On” will be displayed (see Figure 31).

NOTE: “PC Ini” may momentarily be displayed while initializing (see Figure 32).

4. The bluDock device will appear as MyronL-XXXX in your computer's Bluetooth® devices list. While pairing with the bluDock device it will ask for the pin, THE BLUDOCK DEVICE

PIN IS 1234.

5. After pairing, note the bluDock number for your device, MyronL-XXXX.

(For complete instructions see the Guardian2 Operation

Manual for your computer operating system.)

NOTE: The unit will automatically power down after 3 minutes. If the unit powers down during pairing, repeat Steps 1-3 above and continue.

Page 53

C. Memory Stack Download

1. With the Ultrameter III in “PC On” mode, open the software

application.

2. Verify that the device name selected matches the bluDock number for your device. (MyronL-XXXX).

3. In the application, click on the data download button. A data transfer bar will appear while the data is being downloaded.

Once downloaded, the data may be manipulated, or printed within the Myron L® application, or the data may be exported to spreadsheet formats such as Microsoft Excel® (.xls and .xlsx) or universal formatting (.csv). The user can also save data in a secure, encrypted format (.mlcx).

Please Note: Although the Myron L® Company has performed extensive testing, we cannot guarantee compatibility with all computers/operating

systems.

Additional features such as assigning a name to the unit, setting time and date and erasing data are available. Visit our website for the latest instructions: http://www.myronl.com

4. Turn off Ultrameter III PC download mode by selecting any measurement function. Failure to do so will reduce battery life.

XVII. CARE and MAINTENANCE

• Ultrameter IIIs should be rinsed with clean water after use.

• Solvents should be avoided.

• Do not drop, throw or otherwise strike the instrument. Shock

damage may cause instrument failure.

A. Temperature Extremes Solutions in excess of 71°C/160°F should not be placed in the cell cup area; this may cause damage. The pH sensor may fracture if the Ultrameter III temperature is allowed to go below 0°C/32°F. Care should be exercised not to exceed rated operating temperature.

Leaving the Ultrameter III in a vehicle or storage shed on a hot day can easily subject the instrument to over 66°C/150°F. This will void the warranty. B. Battery Replacement Dry Instrument THOROUGHLY. Remove the four (4) bottom screws. Open instrument carefully. Carefully detach battery from circuit board. Replace with 9 Volt alkaline battery. Replace bottom, ensuring the sealing gasket is installed in the groove of the top half of case. Re-install screws, tighten evenly and securely.

Page 54

NOTE: Because of nonvolatile EEPROM circuitry, all data stored in

memory and all calibration settings are protected even during power loss or battery replacement. However, loss of time and date may occur if battery is removed for longer than 3 minutes (180 seconds).

C. pH/ORP Sensor Replacement Order model RPR. When ordering, be sure to include the model and serial number of your instrument to ensure receipt of the proper type. Complete installation instructions are provided with each replacement sensor.

D. Cleaning Sensors

1. Conductivity/TDS/Resistivity The conductivity cell cup should be kept as clean as possible. Flushing with clean water following use will prevent buildup on electrodes. However, if very dirty samples — particularly scaling types — are allowed to dry in the cell cup, a lm will form. This lm reduces accuracy. When there are visible lms of oil, dirt, or scale in the cell cup or on the electrodes, use isopropyl alcohol or a foaming non-abrasive household cleaner. Rinse out the cleaner and your Ultrameter III is again ready for

accurate measurements.

2. pH/ORP

The unique pH/ORP sensor in your Ultrameter III is a nonrellable combination type that features a porous liquid junction. It should not be allowed to dry out. However, if this occurs, the sensor may sometimes be rejuvenated by rst cleaning the sensor well with Isopropyl alcohol or a liquid spray cleaner such as Windex™ or Fantastic™ and rinsing well. Do not scrub or wipe the pH/ORP sensor.

Page 55

Then use one of the following methods:

1. Pour a HOT salt solution ~60°C/140°F — a potassium chloride (KCI) solution such as Myron L® pH/ORP Sensor Storage Solution is preferable, but HOT tap water with table salt (NaCl) will work ne — in the sensor well and allow to cool. Retest.

2. Pour DI water in the sensor well and allow to stand for no more than 4 hours (longer can deplete the reference solution and damage the glass bulb). Retest.

If neither method is successful, the sensor must be replaced.

“Drifting” can be caused by a lm on the pH sensor bulb and/or reference. Use isopropyl alcohol (IPA) or spray a liquid cleaner such as Windex™ or Fantastic™ into the sensor well to clean it. The sensor bulb is very thin and delicate. Do not scrub or wipe the pH/ORP sensor.

Leaving high pH (alkaline) solutions in contact with the pH sensor for long periods of time is harmful and will cause damage. Rinse such liquids from the pH/ORP sensor well and rell it with Myron L® Storage Solution to extend the useful life of the sensor.

Samples containing chlorine, sulfur, or ammonia can “poison” any pH electrode. If it is necessary to measure the pH of any such sample, thoroughly rinse the sensor well with clean water immediately after taking the measurement. Any sample element that reduces (adds an electron to) silver, such as cyanide, will attack the reference electrode.

Replacement sensors are available only from the Myron L® Company or its authorized distributors (ref. Replacement pH/ORP Sensor, pg.

56).

It is possible to desensitize the ORP sensor when measuring high ORP solutions. To check the ORP sensor function, take an ORP reading of Myron L® pH/ORP sensor storage solution. If the reading is outside the range of 350-400 mV, clean ONLY the platinum ORP electrode with Myron L® ORP Conditioner solution-soaked cotton swab, being careful not to touch the swab to the glass bulb of the pH sensor.

Page 56

XVIII. TROUBLESHOOTING CHART

Symptom Possible Cause Corrective Action

No display, even though measurement key pressed

Inaccurate pH readings 1. pH calibration needed. Ref. pH Cal.,

No response to pH changes Sensor bulb is cracked or an

Will not adjust down to pH 7 pH/ORP sensor has lost KCl. Clean and rejuvenate sensor (ref. Cleaning Sensors, pg. 50) and recalibrate. If no

Battery weak or not connected. Check connections or replace battery. Ref. Battery Replacement, pg. 49.

pg. 34.

2. Cross-contamination from residual pH buffers or samples in sensor well.

3. Calibration with expired pH buffers.

electromechanical short caused by an internal crack.

pH readings drift or respond slowly to changes in buffers/samples or “FAC” is displayed repeatedly

Unstable Conductivity/TDS/ Resistivity readings

Unable to calibrate Conductivity/TDS Film or deposits on electrodes. Clean cell cup and electrodes. Ref. Cleaning Sensors, pg. 50.

Resistivity readings much lower than expected

Alkalinity or Hardness titration with calibration solution value not as stated on bottle

Low ORP Reading Slow or no response to ORP changes

FCE responds very slowly or returns an

atypically high Predictive ORP value

1. Temporary condition due to memory” of solution in pH sensor well for long periods.

2. Bulb dirty or dried out.

3. Reference junction clogged or coated.

1. Dirty electrodes.

2. Actual resistance is changing due to atmospheric contamination.

1. Contamination from previous sample or from pH sensor well.

2. Carbon dioxide in test sample.

1. Operation error.

2. Dirty Cell Cup.

3. Dirty pipette.

4. Faulty pipette.

5. Contaminated calibration solutions.

ORP platinum electrode is dirty.

1. Dirty platinum electrode (see above).

2. ORP sensor memory/battery effect. Some ORP sensors exhibit a residual charge when measuring LOW Free Chlorine concentrations soon after measuring a HIGH Free Chlorine

concentration.

Page 57

1. Recalibrate instrument.

2. Thoroughly rinse sensor well.

3. Recalibrate using fresh buffers. Ref. pH Buffer Solutions, pg. 55.

Replace pH/ORP sensor. Ref. Replacement pH/ORP Sensor, pg. 56.

improvement, replace pH/ORP sensor (ref. Replacement pH/ORP Sensor, pg. 56).

Clean and rejuvenate sensor (ref. Cleaning Sensors, pg. 50) and recalibrate. If no improvement, replace pH/ORP sensor (ref. Replacement pH/ORP Sensor, pg. 56).

1. Clean cell cup and electrodes. Ref. Cleaning Sensors, pg. 50.

2. Minimize test sample exposure to air by taking a owing sample. Ref. Measuring Resistivity, pg. 14.

1. Rinse cell cup more thoroughly before measurement. Ensure pH cap is snugly in place.

2. See Measuring Resistivity, pg. 14.

1. Repeat titration.

2. Clean cell cup and electrodes. Ref. Cleaning Sensors, pg. 50.

3. Clean pipette per manufacturer’s instructions.

4. Use a new pipette.

5. Use fresh solutions. Be sure to use a new tip for each type of reagent used.

Check the ORP sensor function. Take an ORP reading of Myron L® pH/ORP Sensor Storage Solution (ref. pH Sensor Storage Solution, pg. 55). If the reading is outside the range of 350-400 mV, clean ONLY the platinum ORP

electrode with Myron L® ORP Conditioner solution-soaked cotton swab (ref. ORP Sensor Conditioner Solution, pg. 55), being careful not to touch the swab to the glass bulb of the pH sensor.

1. Rinse the pH/ORP sensor well briey with a small amount of ORP Sensor Conditioner Solution. DO NOT leave the conditioning solution in the sensor well for more than 10 seconds.

2. Rinse the pH/ORP sensor 3 times with Sensor Storage Solution.

3. Fill the sensor well with Sensor Storage Solution and let rest for 5 minutes.

Page 58

XIX. ACCESSORIES

NOTE: SDSs are available on the Myron L® website for all solutions: http://www.myronl.com/main/Material_Safety_DS_DL.htm

A. Conductivity/TDS Standard Solutions Your Ultrameter III has been factory calibrated with the appropriate Myron L® Company NIST traceable KCl, NaCl, and our own 442™ standard solutions. Most Myron L® conductivity standard solution bottles show three values referenced at 25°C: Conductivity in microsiemens/ micromhos, the ppm/TDS equivalents (based on our 442 Natural Water™) and NaCl standards. All standards are within ±1.0% of reference solutions. Available in 2 oz., quarts/liters, and gallon/~3.8 liter bottles.

1. Potassium Chloride (KCl) The concentrations of these reference solutions are calculated from data in the International Critical Tables, Vol. 6. The 7000 µS is the recommended standard. Order KCL-7000.

2. 442 Natural Water™ 442 Natural Water Standard Solutions are based on the following salt proportions: 40% sodium sulfate, 40% sodium bicarbonate, and 20% sodium chloride, which represent the three predominant components (anions) in freshwater. This salt ratio has conductivity characteristics approximating fresh natural waters and was developed by the Myron L® Company over ve decades ago. It is used around the world for measuring both conductivity and TDS in drinking water, ground water, lakes, streams, etc. 3000 ppm is the recommended standard. Order 442-3000.

3. Sodium Chloride (NaCl) This is especially useful in seawater mix applications, as sodium chloride is the major salt component. Most Myron L® standard solution labels show the ppm NaCl equivalent to the conductivity and to ppm 442 values. The 14.0 mS is the recommended standard. Order NACL-14.0.

B. Titration Standard Solutions Myron L® titration standard solution bottles show both the actual chemical in solution and the ppm calcium carbonate (CaCO3) equivalent. All standards are within ±1.0% of reference solutions. Available in 2 oz., and quart/liter bottles.

1. Alkalinity Standard Solution ALK(NaHCO3)-100 is a solution of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) equivalent to 100 ppm calcium carbonate that is used for the alkalinity calibration: Order ALK-100.

Page 59

2. Hardness Standard Solution HARD(CaCl2)-200 solution is a solution of calcium chloride (CaCl2) equivalent to 200 ppm calcium carbonate that is used for the hardness calibration: Order HARD-200.

C. Titration Reagent Solutions Titration reagents are required for all conductometric titrations - alkalinity and hardness. Reagents are available in 2 oz. and quarts/liters.

1. Reagent: A1 Reagent: A1 is a ≤1%WV solution of sulfuric acid (H2SO4-1) required for alkalinity titration: Order H2SO4-1.

2. Reagent: HB Reagent: HB is a ≤15% WV solution of pH buffer required for hardness titration: Order HBUFF.

3. Reagent: H4 Reagent: H4 is a low concentration ≤5%WV solution of Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) required for hardness titration: Order EDTA-B-LC.

4. Reagent: H5 Reagent: H5 is a high concentration ≤10%WV solution of Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) required for hardness titration: Order EDTA-B-HC.

D. pH Buffer Solutions pH buffers are available in pH values of 4, 7 and 10. Myron L® Company buffer solutions are traceable to NIST certied pH references and are color-coded for instant identication. They are also mold inhibited and accurate to within ±0.01 pH units @ 25°C. Order 4, 7 or 10 Buffer. Available in 2 oz., quarts/liters, and gallon/~3.8 liter bottles.

E. pH Sensor Storage Solution Myron L® pH Sensor Storage Solution prolongs the life of the pH sensor. Available in 2 oz., quarts/liters, and gallon/~3.8 liter bottles. Order SS.

F. ORP Sensor Conditioner Solution Myron L® ORP Conditioner Solution removes contaminants and conditions the ORP electrode. Available in 1 oz. Order ORPCOND1OZ.

G. Soft Protective Carry Cases Padded Nylon carrying case features a belt clip for hands-free mobility. Two colors to choose from; Blue - Model #: UCC Desert Tan - Model #: UCCDT

Page 60

H. Hard Protective Carry Cases Large, foam-lined case without UMIII 9P includes the 100µL pipette,

12 disposable pipette tips, 3 buffers (pH 4, 7, and 10), pH/ORP sensor storage solution, ORP Conditioner solution, reagents A1, HB, H4, H5, and standard solutions, KCI-7000, 442-3000, ALK-100 and HARD-200. All bottles are 2 oz/59 ml (except for ORP Conditioner solution which is 1 oz.). Model: TK9B

Small case (for instrument only, no solutions) - Model #: UPP

I. Replacement pH/ORP Sensor pH/ORP sensor is gel lled and features a unique porous liquid junction. It is user-replaceable and comes with easy to follow instructions. Model #: RPR

J. Pipette Kit with Replacement Tips 3 color coded M’Pet pipettes with 48 replacement tips. This allows you

to have a dedicated pipette for each titration reagent. Colored dots on each pipette match the colored dots on reagent solution bottles to help you avoid confusion and contamination. Model #: PROKITB

K. Replacement M’Pet Pipette 1 replacement 100µL xed volume pipette. Model #: FVMP-100

L. M’Pet Pipette Replacement Tips Bag of 48 pipette tips. Model #: PTIP100-48

M. bluDock Wireless Data Transfer Accessory Package

This accessory allows the operator to download the Ultrameter III memory stack to a spreadsheet on a computer. The package includes bluDock modied circuit board to be installed inside the unit, software installation and operating instructions. Model #: BLUDOCK

XX. TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION (Tempco)

of Aqueous Solutions

Electrical conductivity indicates solution concentration and ionization of the dissolved material. Since temperature greatly affects ionization, conductivity measurements are temperature dependent and are normally corrected to read what they would be at 25°C.

A. Standardized to 25°C Conductivity is measured with great accuracy in the Ultrameter III using a method that ignores ll level, electrolysis, electrode characteristics, etc., and features a microprocessor to perform temperature compensation. In simpler instruments, conductivity values are usually assigned an average correction similar to that of KCl solutions for correction to 25°C. The correction to an equivalent KCl solution is a standard set by chemists that standardizes the measurements and allows calibration with precise KCl solutions. In the Ultrameter III, this correction can be set to other solutions or tailored for special measurements or applications.

Page 61

B. Tempco Variation Most conductivity instruments use an approximation of the temperature characteristics of solutions, perhaps even assuming a constant value. The value for KCl is often quoted simply as 2%/°C. In fact, KCl tempco varies with concentration and temperature in a non-linear fashion. Other solutions have more variation still. The Ultrameter III uses corrections that change with concentration and temperature instead of single average values. See Chart 1.

C. An Example of 2 different solution selections and the

resulting compensation How much error results from treating natural water as if it were KCl at 15°C?

A tap water solution should be compensated as 442TM with a tempco of

1.68 %/°C, where the KCl value used would be 1.90 %/°C. Suppose a measurement at 15°C/59°F is 900 microsiemens of true uncompensated conductivity.

Using a 442TM correction of 10 (degrees below 25) x 1.68% indicates the solution is reading 16.8% low. For correction, dividing by (.832) yields 1082 microsiemens as a compensated reading.

Page 62

A KCl correction of 10 (degrees below 25) x 1.9% indicates the solution is reading 19% low. Dividing by (.81) yields 1111 microsiemens for a compensated reading. The difference is 29 out of 1082 = 2.7%.

D. A Chart of Comparative Error In the range of 1000 µS, the error using KCl on a solution that should be compensated as NaCl or as 442TM, is illustrated in the graph below.

Users wanting to measure natural water based solutions to 1% would have to alter the internal compensation to the more suitable preloaded

“442TM” values or stay close to 25°C. Users who have standardized

to KCl- based compensation may want to stick with it, regardless of increasing error as you get further from 25°C. The Ultrameter III will provide the repeatability and convertibility of data necessary for relative values for process control. E. Other Solutions A salt solution like seawater or liquid fertilizer acts like NaCl. An internal correction for NaCl can be selected for greatest accuracy with such solutions. Many solutions are not at all similar to KCl, NaCl or 442TM. A sugar solution, or a silicate, or a calcium salt at a high or low temperature may require a “User” value unique for the application to provide readings close to the true compensated conductivity.

Page 63

Clearly, the solution characteristics should be chosen to truly represent the actual water under test for rated accuracy of ±1%. Many industrial applications have historically used relative measurements seeking a number to indicate a certain setpoint or minimum concentration or trend. The Ultrameter III gives the user the capability to collect data in “KCl conductivity units” to compare to older published data, in terms of NaCl

or 442TM, or as appropriate. The Ultrameter III can be used to reconcile

data taken with other compensation assumptions, especially with its ability to allow custom characteristics through the User mode.

XXI. CONDUCTIVITY CONVERSION to TOTAL DISSOLVED

SOLIDS (TDS)

A. How it’s Done Once the effect of temperature is removed, the compensated conductivity is a function of the concentration (TDS). Temperature compensation of the conductivity of a solution is performed automatically by the internal processor with data derived from chemical tables. Any dissolved salt at a known temperature has a known ratio of conductivity to concentration. Tables of conversion ratios referenced to 25°C have been published by chemists for decades.

B. Solution Characteristics Real world applications have to measure a wide range of materials and mixtures of electrolyte solutions. To address this problem, industrial users commonly use the characteristics of a standard material as a model for their solution, such as KCl, which is favored by chemists for its stability.

Users dealing with seawater, etc., use NaCl as the model for their concentration calculations. Users dealing with freshwater work with mixtures including sulfates, carbonates and chlorides, the three predominant components (anions) in freshwater that the Myron L® Company calls “natural water”. These are modeled in a mixture called “442™” which the Myron L® Company markets for use as a calibration standard, as it does standard KCl and NaCl solutions.

The Ultrameter III contains algorithms for these 3 most commonly referenced compounds. The solution type in use is displayed on the left. Besides KCl, NaCl, and 442TM, there is the “User” choice. The benet of “User” is that one may enter the temperature compensation and TDS ratio by hand, greatly increasing accuracy of readings for a specic solution. That value remains a constant for all measurements and should be reset for different dilutions or temperatures.

Page 64

C. When does it make a lot of difference? First, the accuracy of temperature compensation to 25°C determines the accuracy of any TDS conversion. Assume we have industrial process water to be pretreated by RO. Assume it is 45°C and reads 1500 µS uncompensated.

1. If NaCl compensation is used, an instrument would report 1035 µS compensated, which corresponds to 510 ppm NaCl.

2. If 442TM compensation is used, an instrument would report 1024 µS compensated, which corresponds to 713 ppm 442TM.

The difference in values is 40%.

In spite of such large error, some users will continue to take data in the NaCl mode because their previous data gathering and process monitoring was done with an older NaCl referenced device.

Selecting the correct Solution Type on the Ultrameter III will allow the user to attain true TDS readings that correspond to evaporated weight. If none of the 3 standard solutions apply, the User mode must be used. Temperature Compensation (Tempco) and TDS Derivation below, details

the User mode.

XXII. TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION (Tempco) and TDS

DERIVATION

The Ultrameter III contains internal algorithms for characteristics of the 3 most commonly referenced compounds. The solution type in use is displayed on the left. Besides KCl, NaCl, and 442TM, there is the User choice. The benet of User mode is that one may enter the tempco and TDS conversion values of a unique solution via the keypad.

A. Conductivity Characteristics When taking conductivity measurements, the Solution Selection determines the characteristic assumed as the instrument reports what a measured conductivity would be if it were at 25°C. The characteristic is represented by the tempco, expressed in %/°C. If a solution of 100 µS at 25°C increases to 122 µS at 35°C, then a 22% increase has occurred over this change of 10°C. The solution is then said to have a tempco of 2.2 %/°C.

Tempco always varies among solutions because it is dependent on their individual ionization activity, temperature and concentration. This is why the Ultrameter III features mathematically generated models for known salt characteristics that also vary with concentration and temperature.

Page 65

B. Finding the Tempco of an Unknown Solution One may need to measure compensated conductivity of some solution unlike any of the 3 standard salts. In order to enter a custom xed tempco for a limited measurement range, enter a specic value through the User function. The tempco can be determined by 2 different methods:

1. Heat or cool a sample of the solution to 25°C, and measure its conductivity. Heat or cool the solution to a typical temperature where it is normally measured. After selecting User function, set the tempco to 0 %/°C as in Disabling Temperature Compensation, pg. 25 (No compensation). Measure the new conductivity and the new temperature. Divide the % decrease or increase by the 25°C value. Divide that difference by the temperature difference.

2. Heat or cool a sample of the solution to 25°C, and measure its conductivity. Change the temperature to a typical measuring temperature. Set the tempco to an expected value as in User Programmable Temperature Compensation, pg. 25. See if the compensated value is the same as the 25°C value. If not, raise or lower the tempco and measure again until the 25°C value is

read.

C. Finding the TDS Ratio of an Unknown Solution

Once the effect of temperature is removed, the compensated conductivity is a function of the concentration (TDS). There is a ratio of TDS to compensated conductivity for any solution, which varies with concentration. The ratio is set during calibration in User mode as in User Programmable Conductivity to TDS Ratio, pg. 25. A truly unknown solution has to have its TDS determined by evaporation and weighing. Then the solution whose TDS is now known can be measured for conductivity and the ratio calculated. Next time the same solution is to be measured, the ratio is known.

Page 66

XXIII. pH and ORP/FC

A. pH

1. pH as an Indicator pH is the measurement of Acidity or Alkalinity of an aqueous solution. It is also stated as the Hydrogen Ion activity of a solution. pH measures the effective, not the total, acidity of a solution.

A 4% solution of acetic acid (pH 4, vinegar) can be quite palatable, but a 4% solution of sulfuric acid (pH 0) is a violent poison. pH provides the needed quantitative information by expressing the degree of activity of an acid or base. In a solution of one known component, pH will indicate concentration indirectly. However, very dilute solutions may be very slow reading, just because the very few ions take time to accumulate.

2. pH Units The acidity or alkalinity of a solution is a measurement of the relative availabilities of hydrogen (H+) and hydroxide (OH-) ions. An increase in (H+) ions increases acidity, while an increase in (OH-) ions increases alkalinity. The total concentration of ions is xed as a characteristic of water, and balance would be 10

mol/liter (H+) and (OH-) ions in a

neutral solution (where pH sensors give 0 voltage).

pH is dened as the negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration. Where (H+) concentration falls below 10-7, solutions are less acidic than neutral, and therefore are alkaline. A concentration of 10-9 mol/ liter of (H+) would have 100 times less (H+) ions than (OH-) ions and be called an alkaline solution of pH 9.

3. The pH Sensor The active part of the pH sensor is a thin glass surface that is selectively receptive to hydrogen ions. Available hydrogen ions in a solution will accumulate on this surface and a charge will build up across the glass interface. The voltage can be measured with a very high impedance voltmeter circuit; the dilemma is to connect the voltmeter to solution on

each side.

The glass surface encloses a captured solution of potassium chloride holding an electrode of silver wire coated with silver chloride. This is the most inert connection possible from a metal to an electrolyte. It can still produce an offset voltage, but using the same materials to connect to the solution on the other side of the membrane causes the 2 equal offsets to cancel.

Page 67

The problem is, on the other side of the membrane is an unknown test solution, not potassium chloride. The outside electrode, also called the Reference Junction, is of the same construction with a porous plug in place of a glass barrier to allow the junction uid to contact the test solution without signicant migration of liquids through the plug material. Figure 33 shows a typical 2 component pair. Migration does occur, and this limits the lifetime of a pH junction from depletion of solution inside the reference junction or from contamination. The junction may be damaged if dried out because insoluble crystals may form in a layer, obstructing contact with test solutions.

4. The Myron L Integral pH Sensor

The sensor in the Ultrameter III (see Figure 34) is a single construction in an easily replaceable package. The sensor body holds an oversize solution supply for long life. The reference junction “wick” is porous to provide a very stable, low permeable interface, and is located under the glass pH sensing electrode. This construction combines all the best features of any pH sensor known.

Page 68

5. Sources of Error The basics are presented in pH and ORP/FCE, pg. 62.

a. Reference Junction The most common sensor problem will be a clogged junction because a sensor was allowed to dry out. The symptom is a drift in the “zero” setting at 7 pH. This is why the Ultrameter III 9P does not allow more than 1 pH unit of offset during calibration. At that point the junction is unreliable.

b. Sensitivity Problems Sensitivity is the receptiveness of the glass surface. A lm on the surface can diminish sensitivity and cause a long response time.

c. Temperature Compensation pH sensor glass changes its sensitivity slightly with temperature, so the further from pH 7 one is, the more effect will be seen. A pH of 11 at 40°C would be off by 0.2 units. The Ultrameter III 9P senses the sensor well temperature and compensates the reading.

B. ORP/Oxidation-Reduction Potential/REDOX

1. ORP as an Indicator ORP is the measurement of the ratio of oxidizing activity to reducing activity in a solution. It is the potential of a solution to give up electrons (oxidize other things) or gain electrons (reduce).

Like acidity and alkalinity, the increase of one is at the expense of the other, so a single voltage is called the Oxidation-Reduction Potential, with a positive voltage showing, a solution wants to steal electrons (oxidizing agent). For instance, chlorinated water will show a positive ORP value.

2. ORP Units ORP is measured in millivolts, with no correction for solution temperature. Like pH, it is not a measurement of concentration directly, but of activity level. In a solution of only one active component, ORP indicates concentration. Also, as with pH, a very dilute solution will take time to accumulate a readable charge.

3. ORP Sensors An ORP sensor uses a small platinum surface to accumulate charge without reacting chemically. That charge is measured relative to the solution, so the solution “ground” voltage comes from a reference junction - same as the pH sensor uses.

Page 69

4. The Myron L ORP Sensor

Figure 34, pg. 63, shows the platinum button in a glass sleeve. The same reference is used for both the pH and the ORP sensors. Both pH and ORP will indicate 0 for a neutral solution. Calibration at zero compensates for error in the reference junction.

A zero calibration solution for ORP is not practical, so the Ultrameter III uses the offset value determined during calibration to 7 in pH calibration (pH 7 = 0 mV). Sensitivity of the ORP surface is xed, so there is no gain adjustment either.

5. Sources of Error The basics are presented in pH and ORP/FCE, pg. 62, because sources of error are much the same as for pH. The junction side is the same, and though the platinum surface will not break like the glass pH surface, its protective glass sleeve can be broken. A surface lm will slow the response time and diminish sensitivity. It can be cleaned off with detergent or acid, as with the pH glass.

C. Free Chlorine Equivalent

1. Free Chlorine Equivalent as an Indicator

Chlorine, which kills bacteria by way of its power as an oxidizing agent, is the most popular germicide used in water treatment. Chlorine is not only used as a primary disinfectant, but also to establish a sufcient residual level of Free Available Chlorine (FAC) for ongoing disinfection.

FAC is the chlorine that remains after a certain amount is consumed by killing bacteria or reacting with other organic (ammonia, fecal matter) or inorganic (metals, dissolved CO2, Carbonates, etc) chemicals in solution. Measuring the amount of residual free chlorine in treated water is a well accepted method for determining its effectiveness in microbial control.

The Myron L® Company FCE method for measuring residual disinfecting power is based on ORP, the specic chemical attribute of chlorine (and other oxidizing germicides) that kills bacteria and microbes.

2. Free Chlorine Equivalent Units The 9P is the rst handheld device to detect free chlorine directly, by measuring ORP. The ORP value is converted to a concentration reading (ppm) using a conversion table developed by Myron L® Company through a series of experiments that precisely controlled chlorine levels and excluded interferants.

Other test methods typically rely on the user visually or digitally interpreting a color change resulting from an added reagent-dye. The reagent used radically alters the samples pH and converts the various chlorine species present into a single, easily measured species. This ignores the effect of changing pH on free chlorine effectiveness and

Page 70

disregards the fact that some chlorine species are better or worse

sanitizers than others.

The Myron L® Company 9P avoids these pitfalls. The chemistry of the test sample is left unchanged from the source water. It accounts for the effect of pH on chlorine effectiveness by including pH in its calculation. For these reasons, the Ultrameter III’s FCE feature provides the best reading-to-reading picture of the rise and fall in sanitizing effectivity of free available chlorine.

The 9P also avoids a common undesirable characteristic of other ORPbased methods by including a unique Predictive ORP value in its FCE calculation. This feature, based on a proprietary model for ORP sensor behavior, calculates a nal stabilized ORP value in 1 to 2 minutes rather than the 10 to 15 minutes or more that is typically required for an ORP

measurement.

XXIV. ALKALINITY, HARDNESS AND LSI FUNCTIONS

A. Alkalinity and Hardness Titrations The 9P uses a conductometric method of titration. This means that instead of measuring a color or pH change, it measures the change in conductivity when reagent is added. The endpoint is determined based on the conductivity changes and then the alkalinity/hardness is calculated based on the total volume of titrant consumed. For hardness titration, the sample conductivity must be ≤10,000 uS/cm in KCl mode. It may not work with strong buffered samples or samples with extreme pH (e.g. <2 pH). The titration is based on EDTA complexation reactions. Metal ions from the alkaline earth metal group, such as Ba2+ and Sr2+ will be measured as hardness. Interferences including aluminum, iron, nickel, cobalt, manganese, etc. may be corrected by inhibitors.

B. Langelier Saturation Index The LSI calculator function uses a calcium carbonate saturation index algorithm developed by Dr. Wilfred Langelier in 1936:

SI = PH + TF + CF + AF – 12.1

Where: PH = pH value TF = 0.0117 x Temperature value – 0.4116 CF = 0.4341 x ln(Hardness value) – 0.3926 AF = 0.4341 x ln(Alkalinity value) – 0.0074

The following is a general industry guideline for interpreting LSI values

Page 71

• An index between -0.5 and +0.5 indicates balanced water

• An index of more than +0.5 indicates scale-forming water

• An index below -0.5 indicates corrosive water

You can use the calculator to adjust any of the water balance parameter variables used in the calculation to analyze the effect of the change on water balance.

The LSI calculator function generates an accurate saturation index value that indicates the state of the system at the time the calculation

is made.

C. Hardness Units

NOTE: The 9P MUST be in the HARDNESS FUNCTION for hardness unit preference selection.

The hardness unit preference is set simultaneously for both functions that capture a hardness value. That means when you set the unit preference in Hardness Function, it is set for the LSI Calculator function at the same time.

The LSI Calculator allows you to calculate with either ppm or grains as

hardness units.

The hardness unit conversion is based on the following equivalency:

17.1 ppm (mg/L) = 1 grain

XXV. SOFTWARE VERSION

Contact the Myron L® Company to see if a software upgrade is available.

1. Press any parameter key.

2. Press key until three numbers are displayed as shown

in Figure 35.

3. Press any parameter key; instrument will time out in 15 seconds. lving a mathematical problem.

Page 72

XXVI. GLOSSARY

Anions Negatively charged ions.

See Solution Characteristics, pg. 59.

Algorithm A procedure for solving a mathematical problem. See Temperature Compensation (Tempco) and TDS Derivation, pg. 61.

FAC Free Available Chlorine. The amount of chlorine that remains active in solution and is available for ongoing disinfection. See Free Chlorine as an Indicator, pg. 65.

FCE FCE directly measures ORP, the germ killing

property of chlorine and other oxidizing germicides. It displays both the ORP reading (in mVDC) as well as an equivalent free chlorine concentration (in familiar ppm). For more information see FCE :

Groundbreaking Measurement of Free Chlorine Disinfecting Power in a Hand-Held Instrument on

the Myron L® Company website.

Logarithm An arithmetic function. The inverse of an exponential function. See pH Units, pg. 62.

ORP Oxidation-Reduction Potential or REDOX, See ORP/ Oxidation-Reduction Potential/REDOX, pg. 64.

REDOX An abbreviation for Reduction-Oxidation reactions. Reaction This is the basic electrochemical process by which

chlorine destroys microbes by grabbing electrons from the microbe’s proteins, denaturing the protein and killing the organism. ORP directly measures the strength of a solutions’ REDOX potential and, therefore, sanitizing strength.

TDS Total Dissolved Solids or the Total Conductive Ions in a solution. See Conductivity Conversion to Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), pg. 59.

Tempco Temperature Compensation See Temperature Compensation of Aqueous Solutions, pg. 56.

User A mode of operation that allows the instrument user (operator) to set a tempco and/or a TDS factor for their specic solution type. See Temperature Compensation of Aqueous Solutions, pg. 56 and Temperature Compensation (Tempco) and TDS Derivation, pg. 59.

For details on specic areas of interest refer to the Table of Contents, pg. 5.

Page 73

Page 74

MYRON L® COMPANY

2450 Impala Drive

Carlsbad, CA 92010-7226

USA

Tel: +1-760-438-2021

Fax: +1-760-931-9189

E-Mail: info@myronl.com techquestions@myronl.com

www.myronl.com

Made In USA

9POM 24JUL19