Multi-Tech Systems BA User Manual

BA-Series

Intelligent Data/Fax Modem

User Guide

88312001 Revision B

MultiModem

MT2834BA/MT2834BAI

This publication may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, without prior expressed written permission from Multi-Tech Systems, Inc.

Multi-Tech Systems, Inc. makes no representations or warranties with respect to the contents hereof and specifically disclaims any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose. Furthermore, Multi-Tech Systems, Inc. reserves the right to revise this publication and to make changes from time to time in the content hereof without obligation of Multi-Tech Systems, Inc. to notify any person or organization of such revisions or changes.

Record of Revisions A (06/01/99) Manual revised. Manual reformatted for electronic distribution. All

pages remain at Revision A.

B (08/15/02) Replace Trio with PhoneTools; change phone numbers; add patents;

revised safety warnings

Trademarks of Multi-Tech Systems, Inc. are as follows:

Models:

MultiModemII, Multi-Tech and the Multi-Tech logo.

MNP, Microcom Network Protocol is a trademark of Microcom Inc.

AS/400 and System3x is a trademark of IBM.

Macintosh is a trademark of Apple Computer Inc.

Unix is a trademark of X/Open Co. Ltd.

Windows® is a registered trademarks of Microsoft

All other brands and product names mentioned in this publication are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.

Multi-Tech Systems, Inc.

2205 Woodale Drive

Mounds View, Minnesota 55112 U.S.A.

(763) 785-3500 or (800) 328-9717

U. S. Fax 763-785-9874

Technical Support (800) 972-2439

Internet Address: http://www.multitech.com

Contents

Chapter 1 - Introduction and Description......................................................................... 5

1.1 Introduction...................................................................................................................................... 6

1.2 How To Use This Manual................................................................................................................. 6

1.3 Modem Features ............................................................................................................................. 7

1.3.1 2834 Series Features................................................................................................................ 8

1.4 Fax Features ................................................................................................................................... 8

1.5 Technical Specifications .................................................................................................................. 9

1.6 Power .............................................................................................................................................. 10

1.7 Modem LED Indicators .................................................................................................................... 11

1.8 Controls on PC Board ..................................................................................................................... 12

Chapter 2 - Installation and Connection......................................................................... 13

2.1 What is in Your Modem Package? .................................................................................................. 14

2.2 Installation ....................................................................................................................................... 14

2.2.1 Safety Warnings........................................................................................................................ 15

2.2.2 Installation Procedure ............................................................................................................... 15

2.3 Installing Data Communications Software ....................................................................................... 16

Chapter 3 - Software Configuration and Modem Basics .............................................. 17

3.1 Introduction...................................................................................................................................... 18

3.2 Configuring Your Software............................................................................................................... 18

3.2.1 ConfiguringSoftware for Your Modem ....................................................................................... 18

3.4 PC Initialization Strings ................................................................................................................... 18

3.4.1 Changing Default Parameters ................................................................................................... 19

3.4.2 Other Parameters ..................................................................................................................... 19

3.5 Configuring Software for Your Computer ......................................................................................... 19

3.5.1 Configuring Software for the Remote System ........................................................................... 19

3.5.2 Terminal Emulation ................................................................................................................... 20

3.5.3 File Transfer Protocols .............................................................................................................. 20

Chapter 4 - Command Mode............................................................................................ 21

4.1 Introduction...................................................................................................................................... 22

4.1.1 AT Command Editing ................................................................................................................ 22

4.1.2 Functional Modes...................................................................................................................... 22

4.2 Summary of AT Commands ............................................................................................................. 23

4.3 Result Codes ................................................................................................................................... 26

4.4 Dialing Commands .......................................................................................................................... 27

4.4.1 Dialing Action Commands ......................................................................................................... 27

4.4.2 Dial Modifier Commands ........................................................................................................... 28

4.4.3 Phone Number Memory Commands......................................................................................... 30

4.4.4 Configuration and Default Storage Commands ........................................................................ 31

4.4.5 Command Response (Result Code) Commands ...................................................................... 33

4.4.6 Phone Line Conditioning Commands ........................................................................................ 34

4.4.7 RS-232C Interface Control Commands .................................................................................... 36

4.4.8 Error Correction Commands ..................................................................................................... 38

4.4.9 Flow Control Commands .......................................................................................................... 40

4.4.10 Compression, Error Correction, Flow Control, Pass-Through and Pacing Commands ............ 43

4.4.11 Speed Conversion Commands ................................................................................................. 44

4.4.12 Immediate Action Commands ................................................................................................... 46

4.4.13 Line Probe Commands ............................................................................................................. 48

Chapter 5 - S-Registers.................................................................................................... 49

5.1 Introduction...................................................................................................................................... 50

5.2 Reading and Assigning S-Register Values ......................................................................................55

5.2.1 Examples of Assigning Values .................................................................................................. 56

5.2.2 Examples of Reading Values .................................................................................................... 56

5.3 AT Command and S-Register Summary ......................................................................................... 56

Chapter 6 - Callback Security and

Remote Configuration...................................................................................................... 57

6.1 Introduction...................................................................................................................................... 58

6.2 Callback Feature Description .......................................................................................................... 58

6.3 Remote Configuration Description................................................................................................... 58

6.3.1 Initial Setup Procedures for Callback and Remote Configuration. ............................................ 58

6.3.2 Remote Configuration Procedures ............................................................................................61

6.4 Remote Configuration and Callback Security AT Commands ......................................................... 62

6.5 Remote Configuration/Callback Security S-Registers ..................................................................... 63

Chapter 7 - DIP-Switch Settings...................................................................................... 65

7.1 Introduction...................................................................................................................................... 66

7.2 DIP-Switch Option Settings ............................................................................................................. 66

7.3 Speaker Volume Control ................................................................................................................. 71

7.4 Recording Option Configurations .................................................................................................... 72

Chapter 8 - Warranty, Service and Tech Support .......................................................... 74

8.1 Introduction...................................................................................................................................... 75

8.2 Multi-Tech Systems, Inc. Warranty & Repairs Policies.................................................................... 75

8.3 Online Warranty Registration .......................................................................................................... 76

8.4 Replacement Parts .......................................................................................................................... 77

8.5 Technical Support ............................................................................................................................ 77

8.6 Internet Sites ................................................................................................................................... 77

Appendixes....................................................................................................................... 78

Appendix A -- Upgrading Your Modem’s Firmware ....................................................................................... 79

Appendix B - Troubleshooting ...................................................................................................................... 82

Apendix C - AT Command Summary ........................................................................................................... 87

Appendix D - V.25bis Operation ................................................................................................................... 96

Appendix E - MultiModemBA Cables ........................................................................................................... 102

Appendix F - Regulatory Information............................................................................................................ 103

Index.................................................................................106

Chapter 1 - Introduction and Description

MultiModemBA User Guide

1.1 Introduction

Welcome to the world of data communications. You have acquired one of the finest intelligent desktop data/fax modems available today, the MultiModemII BA series modem, from Multi-Tech Systems. This User Guide covers various models within the BA series, and unless otherwise noted, all content should be considered relevant to all models.

Your MultiModem provides data communication at the following rates:

33,600 - 14,400 bps (Enhanced V.34 / V.32bis)

The MultiModem also provides other prevalent data communications standards and includes dial backup with automatic lease line restoration, adaptive protocol enhancing used in typical Unix® batch file transfers and support for IBM's AS/400

1.2 How To Use This Manual

The information contained in each chapter and appendix is as follows:

Chapter 1 - Introduction and Description

This chapter begins with a short introduction, followed by a guide (which you are now reading) to the use of this manual. There is a discussion about what components you can expect in your modem package. We then provide a more detailed description of the modem, including the modem’s technical specifications. Chapter 1 includes sections covering power, LED indicators and a brief summary of PC board controls. (Chapter 9 covers switch settings more thoroughly.)

and WindowsTM environments.

Chapter 2 - Installation and Connection

Chapter 2 covers the procedure for connecting the modem to your computer and to the phone line. Details are given, supported by illustrations on the modem's back panel connections as a guide to install your modem to the point of operation. In addition, this chapter describes the installation of PhoneTools, the communications software included with your modem.

Chapter 3 - Software Configuration and Modem Basics

Chapter 3 documents communication software configuration recommended specifically for the MultiModem. Other issues covered include setting up initialization strings, changing default parameters, configuring software for the remote system and file transfer protocols.

Chapter 4 - AT Command Mode Operation

Chapter 4 may be the most important chapter of this manual. It begins with an introduction and discussion on Command Mode fundamentals. A flow chart is provided to illustrate Command Mode and On-Line Mode operation and the methods used in each mode. Next, there is a summary of the modem’s commands and responses. We then go into a detailed explanation of each modem command, providing examples where applicable.

Chapter 5 - S-Registers

Chapter 5 covers the modem's S-Registers, which enable the user to establish, read, and modify various modem options. All of the S-Registers are charted and explained, followed by instructions on accessing the S-Registers and reading or changing their values.

Chapter 1 - Introduction and Description

Chapter 6 - Callback and Remote Configuration

Chapter 6 documents instructions on how to operate the modem's Callback and Remote Configuration features; and the usage of LOGIN Passwords, Set-Up Passwords and Remote Escape Characters as network management tools.

Chapter 7 - DIP-Switches

Chapter 7 covers the modem’s printed-circuit board options. Sixteen DIP-Switch settings and the modem's speaker volume control are explained in detail, including all default settings.

Chapter 8- Warranty, Service & Technical Support

Chapter 8 provides statements on your five-year warranty, instructions for getting modems serviced at the factory and the procedure for downloading firmware upgrades via FlashROM.

Appendixes

There are also several appendices at the end of this manual, most of which repeat information contained in the chapters, but in a more condensed form. These appendices can be used as a quick reference.

Appendix A - Upgrading Your Modem’s Firmware Appendix B - Troubleshooting Appendix C - AT Command Summary Appendix D - V.25bis Operation Appendix E - Cabling Diagrams Appendix F - Regulatory Information

1.3 Modem Features

The MultiModem BA Series modem connections can be made on Public Switched Telephone Networks (

Your modem offers interactive automatic dialing, as well as Command Mode option configuration. You may store up to ten command line/telephone numbers, of up to 60 characters each, in the modem’s nonvolatile memory. The modem pulse or tone dials, and recognizes dial tones and busy signals for reliable call-progress detection. The modem can detect AT&T calling card tones. It is FCC-Registered for connection to telephone networks without any Data Access Arrangements (DAA’s).

Your modem also features Callback Security to protect networks from unauthorized use, and to manage phone line costs. By using the modem’s phone number and password directory, a host site can, upon receipt of a call, callback to a remote site at a predetermined number.

Remote Configuration permits you to assist users at remote sites, saving you the time and trouble of site visits and preventing misinterpretation of configuration instructions.

PSTNs

) and/or point-to-point 2-wire telephone type circuits.

MultiModemBA User Guide

1.3.1 2834 Series Features

Your MT2834BA modem meets the proposed as high as 33.6/31.2K bps in full duplex mode. standards, and supports and is compatible with those features, including EIA extended Automode; adaptive line probing; automatic symbol rate and carrier frequency during start-up; and retrain and rate renegotiation (in 2400 bps increments).

The MT2834BA features ITU V.25bis standard for synchronous dialing, ITU V.42 error correction and V.42bis data compression, providing 100% error-free data transmission. V.42 error correction incorporates MNP( Classes 3 and 4, and LAP-M. You may select V.42bis data compression for 4-1 throughput, or MNP Class 5 for 2-1 throughput.)

1.4 Fax Features

Your modem meets the ITU V.17 standard for sending and receiving faxes. When linked to a compatible fax machine or modem, it can transmit faxes at 14,4 K bps. It also meets the ITU’s Group 3 Designation for sending and receiving faxes at 9600 bps; and Group 2 Designation for sending and receiving faxes at 4800 bps. The modem is also downward-compatible with modems to speeds as low as 300 bps, so it can send and receive faxes with any fax machine in the world.

Enhanced V.34

Enhanced

V.34 is an extension of V.32/V.32bis/V34

ITU standard for data signalling rates

1.5 Technical Specifications

Your data/fax modem meets the specifications listed below:

Tradename MultiModem Model Numbers MT2834BA, MT2834BAI

Data Rates (modem) 33,600, 31,200, 28,800, 26,400, 24,000, 21,600, 19,200, 16,800,

14,400, 12,000, 9600, 7200, 4800, 2400, 1200, 0-300 bps

Data Rates (fax) 14,400, 9600, 7200, 4800 bps Data Format Serial, binary, asynchronous at 0-300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 7200,

9600, 12,000, 14,400, 16,800, 19,200, 21,600, 24,000, 26,400, 28,800, 31,200, 33,600 bps; synchronous at 1200, 2400, 4800, 7200, 9600, 12,000, 14,400, 16,800, 19,200, 21,600, 24,000, 26,400, 28,800, 31,200, 33,600 bps

Chapter 1 - Introduction and Description

IITM

Compatibility ITU V.42

AT&T V.32 V.23*,V.25 and EIA TR-29 Class 2 (*Bell 212A and 103/113 domestic models only; *V.21/V.23 Int'l models only)

Error Correction V.42 (LAP-M or MNP 3 & 4) error correction Data Compression V.42

compression

Speed Conversion Serial port data rates adjustable to 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600,

19,200, 38,400, 57,600 and 115,200 bps

Flow Control Options Xon/Xoff, Hardware RTS/CTS, ENQ/ACK, Unix-to-Unix Copy

Protocol (UUCP) "Spoofing"

Mode of Operation Full duplex over both dial-up lines and 2-wire leased lines; automatic

or manual dialing, automatic or manual answer

Intelligent Features Fully “AT command” compatible, microprocessor controlled remote

configuration, EIA extended Automode, adaptive line probing, automatic symbol rate and carrier frequency during start-up, retrain and rate renegotiation, autodial, redial, repeat dial, dial linking, pulse or tone dial, dial tone detection, dial pauses, call status display, autoparity and data rate selection, keyboard-controlled modem options, nonvolatile memory and on-screen displays for modem option parameters and up to ten telephone numbers/command lines of up to 60 digits each, help menus

bis

, V.42, Pending ITU Enhanced V.34 approval, ITU V.34,

terbo

, ITU V.32

bis

, *Bell 212A and 103/113, ITU V.17, Group 3 T.4, T.30

bis

, (4:1 throughput) or MNP 5 (2:1 throughput) data

bis

, V.32, V.21*, V.22

bis

, V.22,

Command Buffer 60 characters Modulation Trellis Coded Modulation (TCM) at 33,600, 31,200, 28,800, 26,400,

24,000, 21,600, 19,200, 16,800, 14,400, 12,000 and 9600 bps, Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) at 9600 (non-trellis), 4800 and 2400 bps, PSK at 1200 bps, FSK at 300 bps

MultiModemBA User Guide

Fax Modulations V.21CH2 FSK at 300 bps, V.27ter DPSK at 4800 and 2400 bps,

Transmit Level -11dBm (dial-up), -9 or -15 dBm (leased-line); dBm level selectable

Frequency Stability ±0.01% Connectors One DB-25 RS-232C connector; two RJ11 for phone line/telephone

Diagnostics Power-on Self Test, Local Analog Loop, Local Digital Loop, Remote

Indicators LEDs for Transmit Data, Receive Data, Carrier Detect, Speed

Controls Toggle switches for Voice/Data with Originate or Answer, Power On/

Speaker Speaker for call progress monitoring

V.29 QAM at 9600 and 7200 bps, V.17 TCM at 14400, 12000, 9600, and 7200 bps

with DIP-Switch #3 in leased line setting

set; power.

Digital Loop, Back-to-Back Test.

Indicators, Off Hook, Terminal Ready, Error Correction, Fax, and Error

Off; and DIP Switches for various modem options.

Operating Temperature 0° to 50° C (32° to 120° F) Power Requirements 115 Volts AC, 60Hz, 0.3amp (2-prong outlet-mounted transformer)

Dimensions 6.150" x 9.00" x 1.375"

Weight 1.6 pounds/0.72 Kg (without transformer)

Limited Warranty Five Years

1.6 Power

Power is supplied through an AC power transformer terminated with a standard two-prong plug. The transformer supplies low voltage AC to the modem, and plugs into any conventional 115 volt AC, 60 Hz, two-prong power outlet (240 volts AC, 50Hz, .3 Amp for International modems). The power transformer supplied with the modem is the only one that should be used. Use of any other transformer could cause damage to the modem. A Power On/Off switch is located on the back of the modem.

240V/50Hz optional (International).

15.6 cm x 22.9 cm x 3.5 cm

2.6 pounds/1.18Kg (with transformer)

1.7 Modem LED Indicators

The MultiModem diagnostic LED indicators are shown in Figures 1-1

Figure 1-1. MT2834 LED Display

Chapter 1 - Introduction and Description

Answ

MT2834BA

Orig

Series

FXECTROH249614.419.224.028.8CDRDSD

Intelligent

Voice/

Modem

FaxV.42RdyOff Hk2400960014.4K19.2K24.0K28.8KCarrRcvSend

Data

Send (Transmit) Data

(SD)

. This LED blinks when data is being transmitted, on for a space, off for a

mark. The state of this LED matches the TD circuit on Pin 2 of the RS-232C/V.24 interface.

(RD)

Receive Data.

This LED blinks when data is being received, on for a space, off for a mark. The

state of this LED matches that of the RD circuit on Pin 3 of the RS-232C/V.24 interface.

(CD)

Carrier Detect.

This LED is lit when a valid carrier tone has been detected.

When the modem is connected at 33,600 bps, the 28.8 LED rapidly blinks at approximately 5 blinks per second.

When the modem is connected at 31,200 bps, the 28.8 LED blinks slowly at approximately 1 blink per second.

(28.8)

28,800 bps.

This LED is lit when the modem is connected at 28,800 bps. Note: if the modem

falls back to 26.4K bps while in V.34 mode, both the 28.8 and 24.0 LEDs light.

(24.0)

24,000 bps.

This LED is lit when the modem is connected at 24,000 bps. Note: if the modem

falls back to 21.6K bps while in V.34 mode, both the 24.0 and 19.2 LEDs light.

(19.2)

19,200 bps.

(14.4)

14,400 bps.

14,400 bps. Note: if the modem falls back to 12,000 bps while in V.32

This LED is lit when the modem is connected at 19,200 bps.

(2834 and 1432 models only) This LED is lit when the modem is connected at

bis

mode, both the 14.4 and 96

LEDs light.

(96) (24) (OH)

9600 bps.

2400 bps.

Off Hook

This LED is lit when the modem is connected at 9600 bps. This LED is lit when the modem is connected at 2400 bps.

. This LED is lit when the phone line is

"off hook"

. This occurs when the modem is dialing, on-line, or answering a call. This LED also flashes when the modem is pulse dialing in Command mode.

(TR)

Terminal Ready

. When the TR LED is lit, the modem is permitted to answer an incoming call. When it goes off, a connected modem will disconnect. The state of the TR LED matches that of the DTR circuit on Pin 20 of the RS-232C/V.24 interface.

(EC)

Error Correction.

This LED is lit when the modem is set for V.42 error correction, and flashes on

and off when data compression is activated.

(FX)

FAX.

This LED is lit when the modem is connected in FAX mode.

MultiModemBA User Guide

1.8 Controls on PC Board

The MultiModem is designed on a single printed circuit (PC) board. This board contains one 16position DIP-Switch (numbered 1-16). The DIP-Switches are accessible through a cut-out on the side of the modem. There is also a knob which is used to adjust the speaker volume. This knob is accessible through the modem's rear panel. The sixteen DIP-Switches control various modem options or set default values for Command Mode operation. There is a difference in how several of the switches operate depending on whether you are in synchronous or asynchronous mode. Refer to the switch label on the bottom of the modem for an exact list of the switch functions in asynchronous and synchronous operation.

Chapter 2 - Installation and Connection

MultiModemBA User Guide

2.1 What is in Your Modem Package?

Your MultiModem is made up of many components. Make sure you have them all before trying to operate your modem.

Answ

MT2834BA

Orig

Series

FXECTROH249614.419.224.028.8CDRDSD

Intelligent

Voice/

Modem

Data

FaxV.42RdyOff Hk2400960014.4K19.2K24.0K28.8KCarrRcvSend

Your package should include:

• MT2834BA data/fax modem

• RJ-11 telephone cord

• AC Power Transformer

• One (1) Quick Start Guide

• One (1) software CD (PhoneToolsTM data communications and fax software)

• This User Guide (on diskette)

If any of these items are missing, contact Tech Support.

2.2 Installation

The installation of the modem consists of making the physical connections necessary to render the modem functional with your computer. This includes making the proper serial, phone line, and power connections. Unless otherwise noted, these instructions apply to all models of the BA series.

MADE IN U.S.A

U.S.A

ADE IN

Figure 2-1. Unpacking

Chapter 2 - Installation and Connection

2.2.1 Safety Warnings

1. Use this product only with UL and cUL listed computers.

2. To reduce the risk of fire, use only 26 AWG (.41mm) or larger telephone wiring.

3. Never install telephone wiring during a lightning storm.

4. Never install a telephone jack in wet locations unless the jack is specifically designed for wet locations.

5. Never touch uninsulated telephone wires or terminals unless the telephone line has been disconnected at the network interface.

6. Use caution when installing or modifying telephone lines.

7. Avoid using a telephone during an electrical storm. There is a risk of electrical shock from lightning.

8. Do not use a telephone in the vicinity of a gas leak.

2.2.2 Installation Procedure

The following procedures will guide you through the physical connections required to make your modem operational. Software loading is covered later in this guide.

Step Procedure

1 Verify that the settings for DIP-Switch #5 and DIP-Switch #10 match those of your system

configuration. The 16-position DIP-Switch (numbered 1-16) is accessible through a cut-out on the right side (as

the LEDs are facing you) of the modem chassis. For a full description of all DIP-Switch Settings, refer to Chapter 7.

DIP-Switch Condition Effect

#5 UP* Selects Answer mode

DOWN Selects Originate mode

#10 UP* Selects Dial-Up operation

DOWN Selects Lease Line operation

* indicates Factory Default setting

2 Verify that the ON/OFF switch at the rear of the modem to the OFF (Down) position.

MultiModemBA User Guide

3 Connect the modem to a dial-up line by attaching the RJ-11 telephone cord (provided with your

unit) to the LINE connector on the modem and to a dial-up wall jack. Refer to Figure 2-2.

PHONE LINE

VOLUME

EIA RS232C

POWER

OFF

Figure 2-2. MultiModemBA/BAI Connections

4 Attach the EIA RS-232C connector on the modem to the serial port on your computer or terminal

with an RS-232 (or V.24) cable (you supply). Refer to Figure 2-2.

5 To connect a telephone set to the modem (optional) plug one end of an RJ-11 phone cord into

the PHONE connector on the modem, and plug the other end into your telephone. Refer to Figure 2-2.

6 Attach the AC Power transformer provided with your unit to the POWER connector on the

modem and to a live AC outlet. Refer to Figure 2-2. Note: Only apply power to the modem using the power transformer provided with your unit. Use

of a power supply not designed for your unit could result in damage to your modem and will void the warranty.

7 Apply power to the unit by setting the ON/OFF switch at the rear of the modem to the ON (Up)

position. Refer to Figure 2-2.

2.3 Installing Data Communications Software

Data communications software is designed to send and receive messages. Multi-Tech includes a data communications software program, PhoneTools, with your modem. However, the modem will work with any data communications software.

To install PhoneTools, insert the PhoneTools CD in you CD-ROM drive and click the PhoneTools icon. You will be asked to choose your language. The software will then automatically load onto your PC.

Chapter 3 - Software Configuration and Modem Basics

MultiModemBA User Guide

3.1 Introduction

Chapter 2 described the installation of PhoneTools, a communications software. If you are using a different software package, there are some points you should take into consideration. Since your communications software configuration is affected by the capabilities of your computer, this chapter begins with a discussion of the limitations of some serial ports and how to identify them. It then discusses communications configuration in general and recommends settings specifically for the MultiModem. The last section of this chapter walks you through the basics of using your modem.

3.2 Configuring Y our Software

Communications software must be configured to work with your modem, your computer, and the remote system it is calling. Fortunately, most communications programs make the process easy by providing a default required parameters.

initialization string

for your modem as well as defaults for most of the other

3.2.1 Configuring Software for Your Modem

Because remote computers may have different connection requirements such as speed, number of bits, parity, log-on sequences, etc., communications software is typically configured by each session having a unique configuration for a given connection. Most communications programs, however, have a separate modem configuration menu because modem configurations rarely change from session to session.

sessions

The most important configuration is the modem the software uses to configure the modem when the communications software is loaded or when a session begins. Always begin the initialization string with the ATtention command AT, then follow it with the modem reset command, &F. Issuing a reset command before other commands ensures that you are starting with a known state.

The rest of the commands in the initialization string depend on the capabilities of the modem and what you want it to do. Some older communications programs require you to create the initialization string by yourself. Most modern communications programs, however, provide you with a ready-made initialization string that is automatically selected when you choose your modem model from a list. It is a poor idea to use an initialization string intended for another modem, especially one from another manufacturer, because modem capabilities and command implementations vary from modem to modem. However, if your MultiModem does not appear on a modem list, you may use the MultiModemII initialization string.

3.4 PC Initialization Strings

We recommend the following initialization string for a MultiModem connected to a PC-compatible computer when sharing a line with a telephone:

AT &F X4 S0=0 ^M

This string resets the modem to the factory default settings, selects extended result codes with

DIAL TONE

software. It is the ASCII code for the RETURN key on most keyboards, and the default code for the carriage return character in the modem and most communications programs. The carriage return character is defined in the modem in S-register S3; if you change it, you must also change the carriage return character code used in your communications software. If you send a command directly to the modem in terminal mode rather than indirectly through communications software, you must end the command string by pressing the RETURN key (<CR>) instead of adding ^M to the string.

The following initialization string is for a MultiModem on a telephone line that functions solely as a

DATA LINE

AT &F X4 S0= 2 ^M

and

BUSY,

and turns off auto-answer. ^M must end every string sent to the modem from

initialization string.

This is a sequence of commands

Chapter 3 - Software Configuration

3.4.1 Changing Default Parameters

By default, the modem will answer after the first ring and try to communicate with a modem on the other end of the line. If you have one telephone line for voice, fax, and modem communications, the modem may attempt to answer all incoming calls, voice as well as data. To change auto-answer to default off, open your communications program and type the following string in the terminal window:

AT &F S0=0 &F9 &W0 <CR>

This string selects the factory default parameters, then turns auto-answer off and stores that setting, along with all other current parameters, in nonvolatile memory. The &F9 command causes the modem to load the values from nonvolatile memory the next time it receives the &F command. You will use the same initialization string as before:

AT &F X4 ^M

But now the modem will load the values stored in nonvolatile memory when you turn on the modem and when you issue the ATZ or AT&F reset commands.

Note: Because it clears the command buffer, you should not use ATZ in an initialization string.

3.4.2 Other Parameters

The default values for the other parameters in modem configuration menus rarely need changing. They typically include the dialing prefix (ATDT for touch-tone service and ATDP for rotary service), the dialing suffix (^M), the hang-up string (+++ATH0^M), and response messages (

CARRIER, BUSY,

answer string (AT S0=1^M).

etc.). Communications software with a host mode might also include an auto-

RING, NO

3.5 Configuring Software for Your Computer

You must configure your communications software to match your computer’s configuration. If the modem is connected to the COM2 serial port, you must tell the software you are using COM2. Another important parameter is the serial port baud rate. This is the speed at which your modem communicates with your computer, modem. When V.42bis data compression is enabled, you must have a serial port baud rate four times the transmission speed of the modem to fully optimize compression. So if your UART is fast enough, you should set the serial port baud rate to a modem.

If you have an 8250 UART, your most reliable serial port speed will be 9600 bps; if you have an 8250A or a 16450 UART, try 19,200 bps; if you have a 16550 UART or equivalent, a serial port setting of 115,200 bps can be set reliably.

not

the speed at which your modem communicates with another

minimum

3.5.1 Configuring Software for the Remote System

You must meet the requirements of the remote system for successful communications. Though the modem can automatically match the speed of the other modem, you must specify parameters such as type of flow control, break length, number of data bits, number of stop bits, and parity. If you set these parameters incorrectly with the remote system, gibberish will appear on your screen.

of four times the top speed of your

MultiModemBA User Guide

3.5.2 Terminal Emulation

If you are accessing the remote computer as if from an on-site terminal, the keyboard codes used by your computer may not match the ones used by the remote computer. To be compatible with the remote computer, your software must be able to substitute the appropriate codes in what is known as

terminal emulation

terminals, including the DEC VT100, VT102, and VT52 terminals, and the basic TTY mode. If in doubt about which to choose for a BBS, try ANSI or VT100 first.

. Most communications programs can emulate the most common mainframe

3.5.3 File Transfer Protocols

When you upload or download files with your modem, the host computer will ask which file transfer protocol you want to use. Most communications programs allow you to choose a default protocol. Your software’s documentation should list the ones it can use (not all communications programs support all protocols). Zmodem is the recommended protocol for most transfers.

Chapter 4 - Command Mode

MultiModemBA User Guide

4.1 Introduction

AT commands are the means by which you, and your communications software, are able to communicate with and configure your modem. They enable you to establish, read, and modify parameters in addition to dialing. The following provides both a summary and a detailed explanation of the AT commands recognized by the MultiModem.

4.1.1 AT Command Editing

The

BACKSPACE

AT command is not executed until the RETURN key is pressed. The BACKSPACE key erases the previous character for reentering.

The

BACKSPACE

has no as

BACKSPACE

may be changed to any other ASCII character with S-Register S5.

key on your keyboard can be used to edit characters in the AT command line. An

key does

key,

not

erase the

CTRL-H

characters once they are entered. If your keyboard

does the same thing. The character recognized by the modem

If you wish to cancel an entire command that has been entered but not yet executed, enter This also clears the command buffer. The effect is the same as backspacing to cancel the entire command, only quicker.

Characters entered in a command are stored in the modem's Command Buffer ( executed by hitting RETURN. The Command Buffer's capacity is sixty characters. The Attention Characters AT do not count in the sixty allowed Command characters. Spaces, which may be used for increased display readability, may be used when entering a command, but are not stored in the Command Buffer and are not counted in the sixty allowed characters. Hyphens, parentheses, etc. are not allowed.

If the sixty character limit is exceeded or if invalid characters are entered, the Command Buffer automatically erases, and an within the sixty-character maximum, using only the allowed characters.

ERROR

message appears. You would then re-enter your command

memory

CTRL-X

) until

4.1.2 Functional Modes

The MultiModem can be in one of two functional states (see Figure 4-1). These are

mode"

and

"On-line mode"

is out of Command mode but not yet really On-Line.

When the modem is initially powered up, it is in Command mode and is ready to accept commands from your keyboard or software. The modem enters On-line mode after dialing, making a connection with another modem, and then detecting a valid carrier signal. If no carrier is detected within a certain time frame, the modem abandons the call and re-enters Command mode.

. (There is also an in-between state,

"Wait-for-Carrier"

"Command

, where the modem

Once on line, the modem exits On-line mode if one of two conditions is met. If the carrier is lost or intentionally dropped, the modem hangs up and re-enters Command mode. Also, if the modem recognizes the Escape sequence for which it is configured (i.e., either the Escape characters in the serial data stream, the Remote Escape characters in the modulated data stream, or the Break signal), the modem will exit On-line mode, retain the datacomm link, and enter Command mode.

You can force the modem into On-line mode without dialing by sending the the modem.

ATD

ATA

command to

Chapter 4 - Command Mode

COMMAND

HANG

WAIT FOR

No carrier

detected

Carrier lost

Figure 41. Functional Modes

4.2 Summary of AT Commands

MODE

Dial (D or A) command,

or incoming phone call

CARRIER

Carrier detected

ON-LINE

MODE

+++AT

AT0 Command

A wide variety of autodial operations and modem options can be controlled when the modem is in Command Mode. Remember, nearly all commands begin with AT.

These commands are organized into several functional groups. An alphabetical summary of commands is provided in Appendix D.

HOW TO COMMANDS

DIAL D

A: or : $D $VD N

MODIFY DIALING P/T PROCEDURES &P

, Y W

; Return to Command Mode After Dial

R ! $ @

Dial Continuous Redial DTR Dialing Voice/Data Dialing Dial a Stored Number

Pulse/Tone Dialing Set Pulse Dial Ratios Automatic Pauses in dialing Long Space Disconnect Wait for New Dial Tone

Command Reverse Mode of Operation Flash On Hook AT&T

"Calling Card"

Quiet Answer

Tones

MEMORIZE PHONE NUMBERS D...N

NN L

Store Phone Numbers Number Linking List Numbers Stored in Memory

MultiModemBA User Guide

STORE MODEM &F CONFIGURATIONS &W AND DEFAULTS

Z V $SP &M &X

CONFIGURE Q COMMAND &Q RESPONSES E

V X

CONDITION &G PHONE LINE M

&T #T B #F &CD #A

CONTROL RS232C &C INTERFACE &D

&R &S &RF &SF

Load Factory Defaults Store Configuration & S-Register

Parameters Reset Modem Result Code Terse/Verbose UNIX/

"Spoofing”

Synchronous/Asynchronous Mode Select Synchronous Transmit Clock Select

Result Codes Enable/Disable Response Result Code Selection Echo Command Characters Result Code Terse/Verbose Result Code...Basic/Extended/Call Progress

Guard Tones Monitor Phone Line Remote Digital Loop Signal Enable/Disable Trellis Coded Modulation Bell/V.21 Tones Fallback When On-Line Cleardown at Disconnect (2834 Series only) Auto-Speed Detect

Carrier Detect Control Data Terminal Ready Control Clear To Send Control Data Set Ready Control CTS/RTS Control DSR/CD Control

CONFIGURE &E0 ERROR &E1 CORRECTION &E2

#L0 #L1 #L2 #L3 $A $F $R $E

CONFIGURE &E3 FLOW CONTROL &E4

&E5 &E6 &E7 #X &E8 &E9 &E10 &E11 &E12 &E13 &BS $EB #P

Normal Mode Auto-Reliable Mode Reliable Mode Negotiate V.42 Mode During Handshake MNP On/LAPM Off LAPM On/MNP Off Direct LAPM/Phase Out Handshake Auto-Reliable Buffering Enable/Disable Auto-Reliable Fallback Character Retransmit Count Error Correction at 300 bps

Flow Control Disabled Hardware Flow Control Xon/Xoff Modem-Initiated Xon/Xoff Modem Responds/No Pass-Through Xon/Xoff Modem Responds/Pass-Through Allowed Send Single/Multiple Xoff Characters Enq/Ack Off Enq/Ack On Normal Mode Modem Flow Control Off Normal Mode Modem Flow Control On Computer-Initiated/Off Computer-Initiated/On Maximum Block Size 10/11 bit Asynchronous Format Parity Selection

Chapter 4 - Command Mode

CONFIGURE DATA &E14 COMPRESSION &E15

CONFIGURE SPEED $BA0 CONVERSION $BA1

$MB $SB

EXECUTE $H IMMEDIATE I ACTION I 9 COMMANDS L5

L6 L7 L8 H

+++AT<CR>

%E A O

EXECUTE %DF LINE %DP PROBE L9 COMMANDS L10

(2834 Series only)

L11 &RP

Data Compression Disabled Data Compression Enabled

Speed Conversion On Speed Conversion Off Set modem speed (e.g.,$MB14400) Set serial port speed (e.g.,$SB57600)

Help Product Code Inquiry Windows 95 Autodetect Inquiry (2834 Series only) List Current Operating Parameters List S-Register Values List additional Configuration Parameters List On-Line Diagnostics Off Hook Escape Sequence: Entering Command Mode while On-Line Escape Sequence Options...Entering Command Mode while On-Line Force Answer Mode Exit Command Mode/Go Back On-Line

Format Line Probe Display (Graph or Table Format) Enable/Disable Reading Line Probe From DSP during handshake Display of Signal Strength Information Display Signal to Noise Ratio (

Display of Noise Information

Initiates Retrain to Read Line Probe Parameters

SNR

)

READ AND Sr? ASSIGN Sr= S-REGISTER VALUES

REMOTE #CBN CONFIGURATION #DB & CALLBACK #I SECURITY #RCBNxx

#S Change SETUP Password

TEST MODEM U

Read Current S-Register Value Assign S-Register Value

Passwords for Callback Phone Numbers Callback Security Enable/Disable Change LOGIN Password Erase Password Linked with Memory Location

Self-Test Modem (Chapter 8) Enable/Disable Digital Loopback Signal

MultiModemBA User Guide

4.3 Result Codes

The Command mode provides you with several responses, or Command mode operation. These Result Codes are displayed on your video monitor.

You can choose result codes that closely match those of the standard AT command set, or choose enhanced function result codes that have been used in Multi-Tech modems ( The

command selects which result codes will be used.

You can choose to have these Result Codes displayed in either (digits) format. This is controlled by the defaults to verbose format.

AT&Q0

response code for terse result code for

The following tables define the result codes generated by the &Q command (refer to Appendix G for Result Code Summary).

"Multi-Tech" Result Codes

selects Multi-Tech responses with Reliable/LAPM/Compression modifiers. The terse

CONNECT 2400

TERSE VERBOSE TERSE VERBOSE

0 OK 11* CONNECT 4800 1 CONNECT 12* CONNECT 9600 2 RING 13* CONNECT 14400 3 NO CARRIER 19* CONNECT 19200 4 ERROR 21* CONNECT 21600 5* CONNECT 1200 24* CONNECT 24000 6 NO DIALTONE 26* CONNECT 26400 7 BUSY 28* CONNECT 28800 8 NO ANSWER 31* CONNECT 31200 9* CONNECT 2400 33* CONNECT 33600

is 9.

is 10.

ATV0

AT&Q1

(terse) or

selects Standard AT command set responses. The

“Result Codes”

, that can aid you in

"Multi-Tech"

“verbose”

ATV1

(verbose) commands. The modem

(full words) or

responses).

“terse”

* With MNP error correction on, RELIABLE (or R) is added to these result codes. With LAP-M error correction on, LAP-M (or L) is added to these result codes. With data compression on, COMPRESSED (or C) is added. (Note these modem is set up to do so with an X1, X2, X3, or X4 command.)

"Standard AT" Result Codes

TERSE VERBOSE TERSE VERBOSE

0 OK 11 CONNECT 4800 1 CONNECT 12 CONNECT 9600 2 RING 13 CONNECT 14400 3 NO CARRIER 19 CONNECT 19200 4 ERROR 21 CONNECT 21600 5 CONNECT 1200 24 CONNECT 24000 6 NO DIALTONE 26 CONNECT 26400 7 BUSY 28 CONNECT 28800 8 NO ANSWER 31 CONNECT 31200 10 CONNECT 2400 33 CONNECT 33600

*Reliable/Compression modifiers are not displayed with Standard AT Result Codes.

"Extended"

Result Codes are displayed when your

4.4 Dialing Commands

4.4.1 Dialing Action Commands

Dial Command D

The letter D in a command causes the modem to dial the telephone number immediately following it. For example, if you enter ATD5551212 and hit RETURN, the modem dials the number 555-1212.

The D command is also used in conjunction with a telephone set for manual dialing. You dial the number on your telephone set, and after hearing the answer tone on your handset, you type your keyboard and hit RETURN. Then hang up the headset. Unless you have a specific need to dial in this manner, we recommend you use the first method, where the telephone number is entered on your keyboard.

The modem gives you several choices of dialing methods. You can use tone or pulse dialing, by

inserting a letter

You can also configure the modem to either wait for and detect dial tones and busy signals (which we call

“Wait-for-Dial-Tone”

busy signal detection (which we call

or a P in the command string.

dialing or

“Smart”

“Blind”

Chapter 4 - Command Mode

ATD

dialing), or work with timed pauses without dial tone and

dialing; see Section on

“X”

Command.)

Note: There is another method of dialing, called

signal on pin 20 of the RS-232C/V.24 interface, a number stored in the modem's memory is automatically dialed. See description of $D command (in this section) for details.

“DTR Dialing”

, where by manipulating the DTR

Continuous Redial (not used in BAI) A: or :

If you select the Wait-For-Dial-Tone method of dialing (see X3 or X4 command), you can command the modem to continuously redial (up to 10 re-dials for DOC units) a busy number until your call is answered. This is done with the A: command.

This command would be used only if you had already reached a busy number after executing a normal dial command. You simply enter A: (you need not enter AT, nor do you need to hit RETURN), and the modem will redial the number for you. If you again reach a busy signal, it re-dials again and again until it no longer detects a busy signal. You can stop the modem from re-dialing by pressing any key.

Another method used to cause the modem to redial a phone number continuously is to enter a colon

at the end of the phone number. The result is the same as if you had entered A: after personally observing that the number was busy on the first dialing attempt. Using the colon in the dialing string is a step saver.

Dialing a Stored Number N

A telephone number that you have stored in the modem’s number memory may be automatically dialed by entering ATNn where n = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9. For example, a number stored at N3 would be dialed by entering ATN3 and RETURN. Do stored number will be erased.

not

include the letter D in this command, or the

MultiModemBA User Guide

DTR Dialing $D

An alternate method of causing the modem to automatically dial is DTR Dialing. Data Terminal Ready (DTR) is a signal that comes into the modem from the terminal or computer to which it is connected, on pin 20 of the RS-232C interface. In DTR dialing, the modem automatically dials a stored number as soon as it receives a high DTR Signal. The DTR dialing method is popular in synchronous applications.

To activate DTR Dialing, enter AT$D1 and hit RETURN. The modem dials the phone number stored in the N0 location of memory when it receives a high DTR signal. DTR must remain high for the duration of the call, until disconnect. To deactivate DTR dialing, enter AT$D0 and hit RETURN.

Note when using DTR Dialing in a synchronous application, be sure DIP-Switch #8 is in the UP position to disable V.25

Voice/Data Dialing $VD

Another alternate method of causing the modem to automatically dial is Voice/Data Dialing. With Voice/Data Dialing, the modem automatically dials the phone number stored in the N1 position of memory whenever the Voice/Data switch is toggled. You must first enter AT$VD1&W0<CR>. This command string enables Voice/Data dialing when the Voice/Data toggle switch is activated. To disable Voice/Data Dialing (default), enter the command

bis

Command mode.

AT$VD0

W0<CR>.

4.4.2 Dial Modifier Commands

There are several command characters that can be included within a dialing command (following the letter D), called Dialing, pauses in the dial sequence, automatic re-dials if a number is busy, and reverting to the Command mode or switching to the Answer mode after dialing.

Pulse or Tone Dial P T

The modem dials numbers using either pulse or tone dialing, or a combination of both methods. Pulse dialing is a method used by rotary-dial telephones, which involves the timed opening and closing of line relay.

Tone dialing is the method used by push-button ( to as DTMF, or Dual-Tone Multi-Frequency dialing.

The method used is selected by including a P for Pulse or a T for Tone in the dialing command, right before the digits you wish to have dialed in that manner.

For example, you would pulse-dial the number 555-1212 by entering ATDP5551212 and hitting RETURN. You could tone-dial the same number by entering ATDT5551212 and hitting RETURN. If neither Pulse nor Tone dialing is specified in the dial command, the modem uses whatever method used last. If the modem has been reset or just powered up, it uses Pulse dialing, even if the letter P is not included in your dial command.

Nearly all telephone systems in the U.S. are now compatible with tone dialing. Since that is the faster method, you will probably choose the tone method for your dialing.

“Dial Modifiers”

. They have various functions, including the selection of Pulse or Tone

touch tone

) telephones, and is sometimes referred

An example of combining pulse and tone dialing could involve a PBX system where 9 had to be pulse-dialed first, then the rest of the number tone-dialed after pausing for a second dial tone. The number would be dialed by entering which we’ll explain soon.)

ATDP9, T5551212

and RETURN. (The comma causes a pause,

Chapter 4 - Command Mode

Set Pulse Dial Ratios &P

This command sets the time ratios between the open and closed portions of the dialing pulse frequencies. To set the dialing pulse ratio of 60 mSec to 40 mSec, enter mSec to 33 mSec, enter

AT&P1

. The factory default is

&P0

AT&P0.

To set a ratio of 67

Automatic Pauses in Dialing ,

You can cause the modem to pause during the dialing sequence by entering a comma character where the pause is desired. This pause lasts two seconds. If a longer pause is desired, more than one comma may be entered consecutively, with each comma causing a two second pause. You also have the option of changing the length of the pause caused by the comma, from two seconds to any other value from 0 up to 255 seconds. This is done by setting S-Register S8 (refer to Chapter 6). Each comma in a dialing command counts as one of the sixty allowed characters.

Long Space Disconnect Y

When two modems are connected in Normal mode (i.e. without error correction) there is no means of requesting a disconnect. A link disconnect request packet is sent under reliable connections. As a result some Y1 command enables the modem to use the break signal which accomplishes the hang-up as an instruction to shut off its receiver and disconnect (both modems must have Y1 enabled for this feature to be effective). Y0 (factory default) disables this function.

"garbage"

may be received when a hang-up command is issued. The

"polite"

Wait for New Dial-Tone W

A W inserted in the dialing command causes the modem to wait for another dial tone, and not resume dialing until another dial tone is detected.

It is not necessary to enter a W at the beginning of the dialing command to wait for a modem dial tone, because the modem will do that first (pause automatically).

In order for this command to work, you must select Wait-For-Dial Tone dialing with the X2 or command, so that your modem will be able to detect the dial tone.

Return to Command Mode After Dial Command Execution ;

A semicolon (;), entered as the last character of a dialing command causes the modem to return to the Command mode immediately after executing the command, instead of waiting for a carrier signal and going on line.

For example, entering go back into Command mode. This can be useful in dialing applications where modem data transfer is not desired, such as voice communications, or in applications involving the use of touch tones as a data entry method, such as bank-by-phone.

ATDT5551212;

would tone-dial the number, and do nothing afterwards except

Reverse the Mode of Operation R

In certain operations you may need to reverse the mode of operation for your modem from originate to answer or answer to originate so that it would answer the phone and go into answer mode. This command turns off the reversing function with the with the modem in either command mode. If you want to reverse from the originate mode, use R (with no number) in the dialing string.

command and turns it on with the

command

MultiModemBA User Guide

Flash On Hook !

Some switchboard systems react to a momentary On Hook. An exclamation mark inserted in the command causes the modem to hook button on a telephone down for a half second.

For example, to flash On Hook after dialing the number 555-1234 in order to transfer to Extension #5678, you might enter safe).

"Calling Card" Detect Tones $

“flash”

on hook for a half of a second, as if you had held the switch

ATDT5551234,,!5678

. The commas cause a 4 second pause (just to be

The modem has the capability to detect AT&T user's calling card number to originate an on-line connection. An $ symbol placed in the dialing string causes the modem to pause and wait for an AT&T United Kingdom). When the tone is detected, the rest of the dialing string is processed. If no tones are detected within the time period set by S-Register S7 (default 45 seconds), the modem will abort by indicating a

The following is an example of this command:

NO CARRIER

message. Hitting any key also aborts the $ command.

"calling card"

tones for the purpose of utilizing the

or a 1600 Hz tone (prevalent in the

ATDT1028806127853500$123456789

(access/phone number) (credit card number)

Quiet Answer @

The @ command causes the modem to wait before processing the next symbol in the dialing string. The wait is for one or more ringbacks followed by 5 seconds of silence. If the time specified by SRegister S7 passes before the rings and silence, a

command is used for accessing a system that does not provide a dial tone.

For example, wait for the time specified in detected, the modem hangs up and generates a silence, a detected, the second number (631-3550) is then dialed.

ATDT5551212@6313550

NO ANSWER

result code is generated after hanging up. If 5 seconds of silence is

causes the modem to dial the first number (555-1212) and

for at least one ringback and 5 seconds of silence. If a busy signal is

NO ANSWER (R)

BUSY

result code. If it does not detect 5 seconds of

result code is processed. The

4.4.3 Phone Number Memory Commands

Storing Phone Numbers D...N

A telephone number and command line of up to sixty characters may be stored in the modem’s number memory. As many as ten of these numbers may be stored. Each number will be given a name, using the codes N0, N1, N2 up to N9.

A phone number is stored by entering

T, R, ;

or comma characters, and then entering N followed by the number’s

any number from 0 through 9, and then hitting RETURN.

For example, the tone-dialed number 1-612-631-3550 would be stored as number

ATDT16126313550N3

storing a number, check to see that it has been stored correctly by typing

When phone numbers are stored, the entire command line is also stored so that you can effectively create a macro for each number. For example, if you know a particular number needs to have extended result codes, detect busy or dial tone, error correction, Xon/Xoff flow control, pacing, and data compression enabled, the command line would be:

ATX4&E1&E5&E13&E15DT16126313550N3

and RETURN. The number is

ATD

, then the number as it would be dialed, along with any

“name,”

not

dialed with this store command. After

ATL

. This would store the entire command at location N3.

which would be

by entering

and hitting RETURN.

+ 79 hidden pages