MSI 845G-L Max User Manual

Page 1
MSI
MICRO-STAR INTERNATIONAL
MS-6580 (v1.X) ATX Mainboard
845G Max 845G Max-L
Version 1.0
G52-MA00593
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Manual Rev: 1.0 Release Date: Apr. 2002
FCC-B Radio Frequency Interference Statement
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equip­ment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accor­dance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference, in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.
Notice 1
The changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party respon­sible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.
Notice 2
Shielded interface cables and A.C. power cord, if any, must be used in order to comply with the emission limits.
VOIR LA NOTICE D’INSTALLATION AVANT DE RACCORDER AU RESEAU.
Micro-Star International MS-6580
T ested to comply with FCC Standard
For Home or Office Use
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Edition
Apr. 2002
Copyright Notice
The material in this document is the intellectual property of MICRO-STAR INTERNATIONAL. We take every care in the preparation of this document,
but no guarantee is given as to the correctness of its contents. Our products are under continual improvement and we reserve the right to make changes without notice.
Trademarks
All trademarks are the properties of their respective owners. Intel® and Pentium® are registered trademarks of Intel Corporation.
PS/2 and OS®/2 are registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation. Windows® 95/98/2000/NT/ME/XP are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Netware® is a registered trademark of Novell, Inc. Award® is a registered trademark of Phoenix T echnologies Ltd. AMI® is a registered trademark of American Megatrends Inc.
Revision History
Revision Revision History Date
1.0 First Release Apr. 2002
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Safety Instructions
1. Always read the safety instructions carefully.
2. Keep this User’s Manual for future reference.
3. Keep this equipment away from humidity.
4. Lay this equipment on a reliable flat surface before setting it up.
5. The openings on the enclosure are for air convection hence protects the equipment from overheating. DO NOT COVER THE OPENINGS.
6. Make sure the voltage of the power source and adjust properly 110/220V before connecting the equipment to the power inlet.
7. Place the power cord such a way that people can not step on it. Do not place anything over the power cord.
8. Always Unplug the Power Cord before inserting any add-on card or module.
9. All cautions and warnings on the equipment should be noted.
10. Never pour any liquid into the opening that could damage or cause electri­cal shock.
11. If any of the following situations arises, get the equipment checked by a service personnel:
z The power cord or plug is damaged z Liquid has penetrated into the equipment z The equipment has been exposed to moisture z The equipment has not work well or you can not get it work according
to User’s Manual.
z The equipment has dropped and damaged z If the equipment has obvious sign of breakage
12. DO NOT LEAVE THIS EQUIPMENT IN AN ENVIRONMENT UNCONDITIONED, STORAGE TEMPERA TURE ABOVE 600 C (1400F), IT MA Y DAMAGE THE EQUIPMENT.
CAUTION: Danger of explosion if battery is incorrectly replaced. Replace only with the same or equivalent type recommended by the manufacturer.
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CONTENTS
Chapter 1. Getting Started ........................................................................ 1-1
Mainboard Specification ......................................................................1-2
Mainboard Layout ...............................................................................1-4
Quick Components Guide .................................................................... 1-6
MSI Special Features ........................................................................... 1-7
Fuzzy Logic™ 4 ............................................................................. 1-7
Live BIOS™/Live Driver™ ............................................................1-8
Live Monitor™ ..............................................................................1-9
D-Bracket™ 2 (Optional) ............................................................. 1-10
Chapter 2. Hardware Setup ....................................................................... 2-1
Central Processing Unit: CPU .............................................................. 2-2
CPU Installation Procedures ......................................................... 2-2
Installing the CPU Fan .................................................................. 2-3
CPU Core Speed Derivation Procedure .........................................2-4
Memory................................................................................................2-5
Introduction to DDR SDRAM....................................................... 2-5
DIMM Module Combination.........................................................2-6
Installing DIMM Modules ............................................................ 2-6
Power Supply ....................................................................................... 2-7
A TX 20-Pin Power Connector: PWR1 ........................................... 2-7
A TX 12V Power Connector: JPW1 ................................................2-7
Back Panel ............................................................................................2-8
Mouse Connector ......................................................................... 2-8
Keyboard Connector ..................................................................... 2-9
USB Connectors ............................................................................ 2-9
Serial Port Connectors: COM A & COM B.................................. 2-10
VGA DB 15-Pin Connector .......................................................... 2-10
Parallel Port Connector: LPT1...................................................... 2-11
LAN (RJ-45) Jack (845G Max-L only)........................................... 2-12
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Joystick/Midi Connector ............................................................. 2-12
Audio Port Connectors ............................................................... 2-12
Connectors......................................................................................... 2-13
Floppy Disk Drive Connector: FDD1........................................... 2-13
Hard Disk Connectors: IDE1 & IDE2 ........................................... 2-14
Fan Power Connectors: CPUF AN1/SYS_F AN1/PWR_F AN1...... 2-15
IrDA Infrared Module Header: IR1 .............................................. 2-16
Bluetooth Connector: JBT1 ......................................................... 2-16
Front Panel Connectors: JFP1 & JFP2 ......................................... 2-17
Front Panel Audio Connector: JAUDIO1 .................................... 2-18
Front USB Connectors: JUSB1/2 ................................................. 2-19
CD-In Connector: CD_IN1 .......................................................... 2-21
D-Bracket™ 2 Connector: JDB1 .................................................. 2-22
Chassis Intrusion Switch Connector: JCASE1 ............................ 2-23
Power Saving Switch Connector: JGS1........................................ 2-23
Jumpers .............................................................................................. 2-24
Clear CMOS Jumper: JBA T1........................................................ 2-24
Slots ................................................................................................... 2-25
AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port) Slot......................................... 2-25
PCI Slots...................................................................................... 2-26
CNR (Communication Network Riser) Slot .................................. 2-26
PCI Interrupt Request Routing .................................................... 2-27
Chapter 3. BIOS Setup.............................................................................. 3-1
Entering Setup......................................................................................3-2
Control Keys ................................................................................. 3-2
Getting Help ..................................................................................3-3
The Main Menu ................................................................................... 3-4
Standard CMOS Features .................................................................... 3-6
Advanced BIOS Features .................................................................... 3 -8
Advanced Chipset Features............................................................... 3-13
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Power Management Features............................................................. 3-16
PNP/PCI Configurations..................................................................... 3-20
Integrated Peripherals ........................................................................ 3-23
PC Health Status ................................................................................ 3-26
Frequency/Voltage Control ................................................................ 3-27
Set Supervisor/User Password........................................................... 3-29
Load High Performance/BIOS Setup Defaults.................................... 3-30
Glossary ....................................................................................................G-1
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Getting Started
Chapter 1. Getting Started
Getting Started
Thank you for purchasing 845G Max (MS-6580) series ATX motherboard. The 845G Max (MS-6580) series is a superior computer mainboard based on Intel 845G & ICH4 chipsets for optimal system efficiency. Designed to fit the advanced Intel® Pentium® 4 processors in the 478 pin package, the motherboard provides a high performance and profes­sional desktop platform solution.
There are two models available for 845G Max series mainboards: 845G Max and 845G Max-L. 845G Max does not support the LAN function while 845G Max-L is implemented with the LAN function and offers an onboard LAN RJ-45 jack.
TOPICS
Mainboard Specification 1-2
Mainboard Layout 1-4
Quick Components Guide 1-6
MSI Special Features 1-7
1
1-1
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Chapter 1
Mainboard Specification
CPU
Supports Socket 478 for Intel® Pentium 4 processor Supports 1.3GHz, 1.4GHz, 1.5GHz, 1.6GHz, 1.7GHz, 1.8GHz, 1.9GHz, 2GHz, 2. 1GHz, 2.2GHz, 2.26GHz, 2.4GHz and up
Chipset
Intel® 845G chipset (788 FC-BGA)
- AGP 4x slot (1.5V only)
- Integrated graphic controller
- Supports 100/133MHz FSB
- Supports 400/533MHz Intel NetBurst micro-architecture bus Intel® ICH4 chipset (421 BGA)
- AC’97 2.2 interface
- 6 USB 2.0/1.1 ports
- 2 channel Ultra ATA/100 Bus Master IDE controller
- SMBus 2.0 support
- Integrated LAN controller
Main Memory
Three 184-pin DDR DIMM sockets Supports 64 to 512MB technologies for x8 and x16 devices
Slots
One AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port) 4x slot (1.5V only) Six PCI 2.2 32-bit Master PCI Bus slots (supports 3.3V/5V PCI bus interface) One CNR (Communication Network Riser) slot
On-Board IDE
An IDE controller on the ICH4 chipset provides IDE HDD/CD-ROM with PIO, Bus Master and Ultra DMA 66/100 operation modes. Can connect up to 4 IDE devices
On-Board Peripherals
On-board Peripherals include:
- 1 floppy port supports 2 FDDs with 360K, 720K, 1.2M, 1.44M and
2.88Mbytes
- 2 serial ports (COM A + COM B pin header), 1 VGA port
- 1 parallel port supports SPP/EPP/ECP mode
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Getting Started
- 6 USB 2.0/1.1 ports (Rear * 2 / Front * 4)
- 1 Line-In/Line-Out/Mic-In/Game port
- 1 RJ45 connector (optional)
Network (845G Max-L only)
ICH4 Integrated LAN controller Intel 82562ET
- ACPI and APM supported
- Wake-On-LAN and WFM 2.0 supported
Audio
ICH4 chip integrated AC’97 2.2 compliant
BIOS
The mainboard BIOS provides “Plug & Play” BIOS which detects the pe­ripheral devices and expansion cards of the board automatically. The mainboard provides a Desktop Management Interface (DMI) function which records your mainboard specifications.
Dimension
ATX Form Factor: 30.5 cm (L) x 21.5 cm (W)
Mounting
6 mounting holes
Others
AC’97 Audio onboard Vcore/Vio adjustable STR/STD support PC2001 compliant
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Chapter 1
Mainboard Layout
Top : mou se Bottom: keyboard
USB ports
Top : Game port
Bottom: Line-Out Line-In Mic
JCASE1
Winbond
W83627HF-AW
FWH
1 N
I _ D C
Codec
JAUDIO1
JDB1
JBT1
COM 2
IR1
JPW1
PCI Slot 1
PCI Slot 2
PCI Slot 3
PCI Slot 4
PCI Slot 5
PCI Slot 6
CNR
AGP Slot
Intel
845G
chipset
FDD1
JUSB1 JUSB2
CPUFAN1
ATX P owe r
Supply
ICH 4
IDE 1
IDE 2
JGS1
1 R
D D
JFP1
2
3
R
R
D
D
D
D
BATT
+
JBAT1
SYS_FAN1
PWR_FAN1
JFP2
845G Max (MS-6580 v1.X) ATX Mainboard
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Page 12
Getting Started
Top : mou se Bottom: keyboard
T: L AN j ac k B: USB ports
Top : Game port
Bottom: Line-Out Line-In Mic
JCASE1
Winbond
W83627HF-AW
FWH
1 N
I _ D C
Codec
JAUDIO1
JDB1
JBT1
COM 2
IR1
JPW1
PCI Slot 1
PCI Slot 2
PCI Slot 3
PCI Slot 4
PCI Slot 5
PCI Slot 6
CNR
AGP Slot
Intel
845G
chipset
FDD1
JUSB1 JUSB2
CPUFAN1
ATX P owe r
Supply
ICH 4
IDE 1
IDE 2
JGS1
1 R
D D
JFP1
2
3
R
R
D
D
D
D
BATT
+
JBAT1
SYS_FAN1
PWR_FAN1
JFP2
845G Max-L (MS-6580 v1.X) ATX Mainboard
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Chapter 1
Quick Components Guide
Component Function Reference
DDR1~3 Installing DDR SDRAM modules See p. 2-5~2-6
Socket 478 Installing CPU See p. 2-2~2-3
CPUFAN1 Connecting to CPUFAN See p. 2-15
SYS_FAN1 Connecting to SYSTEM FAN See p. 2-15
PWR_FAN1 Connecting to POWER SUPPLY FAN See p. 2-15
ATX Power Supply Installing power supply See p. 2-7
JPW1 Connecting to 12V power connector See p. 2-7
IDE1 & IDE2 Connecting to IDE hard disk drive See p.2-14
FDD1 Connecting to floppy disk drive See p.2-13
JUSB1/2 Connecting to USB interfaces See p. 2-19~2-20
PCI Slot 1~6 Installing PCI expansion cards See p. 2-26
AGP Slot Installing AGP cards See p. 2-25
CNR Slot Installing CNR cards See p. 2-26
JBAT1 Clearing CMOS data See p. 2-24
JFP1/2 Connecting to case See p. 2-17
IR1 Connecting to IR module See p. 2-16
JAUDIO1 Connecting to audio connector See p. 2-18
JDB1 Connecting to D-Bracket™ See p. 2-22
COM 2 Connecting to COM port See p. 2-10
JBT1 Connecting to blue tooth module See p. 2-16
JDB1 Connecting to D-Bracket™ 2 See p. 2-22
JCASE1 Connecting to chassis intrusion switch See p. 2-23
JGS1 Connecting to power saving switch See p. 2-23
CD_IN1 Connecting to CD-ROM audio connector See p. 2-21
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Getting Started
MSI Special Features
Fuzzy Logic™ 4
The Fuzzy Logic™ 4 utility is a user friendly tool that allows users to view and adjust the current system status. To overclock the CPU FSB (Front Side Bus) frequency under the Windows operating system, click FSB and use the right and left arrow keys to select the desired FSB, and then click Apply to apply the new setup value. To enable the system running at the specified FSB every time when you click Turbo, click Save to save the desired FSB first. If you want to know the maximal CPU overclocking value, click Auto to start testing. The CPU FSB will automatically increase the testing value until the PC reboots. After rebooting, click Turbo to apply the test result. Click Default to restore the default values.
Features:
z MSI Logo links to the MSI Web site z CPU Speed allows users to adjust the CPU speed through CPU
Multiplier and FSB
z Voltage allows user to adjust the voltage of CPU/Memory/AGP z MSI Info provides information about the mainboard, BIOS and OS z CPU Info provides detailed information about the CPU z CPU Fan Speed shows the current running speed of CPU Fan z CPU Temp. shows the current CPU temperature
Note: To adjust the options under CPU Speed and Voltage, use the right and left arrow keys to select the desired value and then click
Apply to run the setup value.
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Chapter 1
Live BIOS™/Live Driver™
The Live BIOS™/Live Driver™ is a tool used to detect and update your BIOS/drivers online so that you don’t need to search for the correct BIOS/driver version throughout the whole Web site. To use the function, you need to install the “MSI Live Update Series 2” application. After the installation, the “MSI Live Update Series 2” icon (as shown on the right) will appear on the screen.
Double click the “MSI Live Update Series 2” icon, and the following screen will appear:
Five buttons are placed on the leftmost pane of the screen. Click the desired button to start the update process.
zz
z Live BIOS – Updates the BIOS online.
zz
zz
z Live Driver – Updates the drivers online.
zz
zz
z Live VGA BIOS – Updates the VGA BIOS online.
zz
zz
z Live VGA Driver – Updates the VGA driver online.
zz zz
z Live Utility – Updates the utilities online.
zz
If the product you purchased does not support any of the functions listed above, a “sorry” message is displayed. For more information on the update instructions, insert the companion CD and refer to the “Live Update Series Guide” under the “Manual” Tab.
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Getting Started
Live Monitor™
The Live Monitor™ is a tool used to schedule the search for the latest BIOS/drivers version on the MSI Web site. To use the function, you need to install the “MSI Live Update Series 2” application. After the installation, the “MSI Live Monitor” icon (as shown on the right) will appear on the screen. Double click this icon to run the application.
Double click the “MSI Live Monitor” icon at the lower-right corner
of the taskbar, and the following dialog box will appear. You can specify how often the system will automatically search for the BIOS/drivers version, or change the LAN settings right from the dialog box.
You can right-click the MSI Live Monitor icon to perform the functions
listed below:
zz
z Auto Search – Searches for the BIOS/drivers version you need immediately.
zz
zz
z View Last Result – Allows you to view the last search result if there is any.
zz
zz
z Preference – Configures the Search function, including the Search schedule.
zz
zz
z Exit – Exits the Live Monitor™ application.
zz
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Chapter 1
D-Bracket™ 2 (Optional)
D-Bracket™ 2 is a USB bracket integrating four Diagnostic LEDs, which use graphic signal display to help users understand their system. The LEDs provide up to 16 combinations of signals to debug the system. The 4 LEDs can detect all problems that fail the system, such as VGA, RAM or other failures. This special feature is very useful for overclocking users. These users can use the feature to detect if there are any problems or failures.
D-Bracket™ 2 supports both USB 1.1 & 2.0 spec.
D-Bracket™ 2
1 2 3 4
Red
Green
D-Bracket™ 2 Description
System Power ON
1 2
3 4
Early Chipset Initialization
Memory Detection Test
Testing VGA BIOS
- The D-LED will hang here if the processor is damaged or
not installed properly.
- Testing onboard memory size. The D-LED will hang if the
memory module is damaged or not installed properly.
Decompressing BIOS image to RAM for fast booting.
Initializing Keyboard Controller.
- This will start writing VGA sign-on message to the screen.
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D-Bracket™ 2 Description
Processor Initialization
1 2
3 4
Initializing Video Interface
BIOS Sign On
Testing Base and Extended Memory
Initializing Hard Drive Controller
Initializing Floppy Drive Controller
Boot Attempt
Operating System Booting
- This will show information regarding the processor (like
brand name, system bus, etc…)
Testing RTC (Real Time Clock)
- This will start detecting CPU clock, checking type of video
onboard. Then, detect and initialize the video adapter.
- This will start showing information about logo, processor
brand name, etc….
- Testing base memory from 240K to 640K and extended
memory above 1MB using various patterns.
Assign Resources to all ISA.
- This will initialize IDE drive and controller.
- This will initializing Floppy Drive and controller.
- This will set low stack and boot via INT 19h.
Getting Started
1-11
Page 19
Hardware Setup
Chapter 2. Hardware Setup
Hardware Setup
This chapter provides you with the information about hardware setup procedures. While doing the installation, be careful in holding the compo­nents and follow the installation procedures. For some components, if you install in the wrong orientation, the components will not work properly.
Use a grounded wrist strap before handling computer components. Static electricity may damage the components.
TOPICS
Central Processing Unit: CPU 2-2 Memory 2-5 Power Supply 2-7 Back Panel 2-8 Connectors 2-13 Jumpers 2-24 Slots 2-25
2
2-1
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Chapter 2
Central Processing Unit: CPU
The mainboard supports Intel® Pentium® 4 processor in the 478 pin package. The mainboard uses a CPU socket called PGA478 for easy CPU installation. When you are installing the CPU, make sure the CPU has a heat sink and a cooling fan attached on the top to prevent overheating. If you do not find the heat sink and cooling fan, contact your dealer to purchase and install them before turning on the computer.
CPU Installation Procedures
1. Pull the lever sideways away
from the socket. Then, raise the lever up to a 90-degree angle.
2. Look for the gold arrow. The
gold arrow should point to­wards the lever pivot. The CPU will only fit in the correct orientation.
3. Hold the CPU down firmly, and
then close the lever to com­plete the installation.
Overheating will seriously damage the CPU and system, always make sure the cooling fan can work properly to
WARNING!
protect the CPU from overheating.
Sliding
Plate
Gold Arrow
Dot
Open Lever
Close Lever
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Page 21
Hardware Setup
Installing the CPU Fan
As processor technology pushes to faster speeds and higher performance, thermal management becomes increasingly important. To dissi­pate heat, you need to attach the CPU cooling fan and heatsink on top of the CPU. Follow the instructions below to install the Heatsink/Fan:
1. Locate the CPU and its retention
mechanism on the motherboard.
retention mechanism
3. Mount the fan on top of the heatsink.
Press down the fan until its four clips get wedged in the holes of the reten­tion mechanism.
2. Position the heatsink onto the reten-
tion mechanism.
4. Press the two levers down to fasten
the fan. Each lever can be pressed down in only ONE direction.
levers
2-3
Page 22
Chapter 2
5. Connect the fan power cable from the mounted fan to the 3-pin fan power connector
on the board.
fan power cable
CPU Core Speed Derivation Procedure
If CPU Clock = 100MHz
Core/Bus ratio = 14
then CPU core speed = Host Clock x Core/Bus ratio
= 100MHz x 14 = 1.4GHz
Overclocking
This motherboard is designed to support overclocking.
WARNING!
However, please make sure your components are able to tolerate such abnormal setting, while doing overclocking. Any attempt to operate beyond product specifications is not recommended. We do not guarantee the damages or
risks caused by inadequate operation or beyond product specifications.
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Hardware Setup
Memory
The mainboard provides 3 sockets for 184-pin DDR SDRAM DIMM (Double In-Line Memory Module) modules and supports the memory size up to 2GB. Y ou can install PC2100/DDR266 or PC1600/DDR200 DRAM modules on the DDR DIMM slots (DIMM 1~3).
DDR DIMM Slots
(DIMM 1~3)
Introduction to DDR SDRAM
DDR (Double Data Rate) SDRAM is similar to conventional SDRAM, but doubles the rate by transferring data twice per cycle. It uses 2.5 volts as opposed to 3.3 volts used in SDR SDRAM, and requires 184-pin DIMM mod­ules rather than 168-pin DIMM modules used by SDR SDRAM. High memory bandwidth makes DDR an ideal solution for high performance PC, worksta­tions and servers.
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Page 24
Chapter 2
DIMM Module Combination
Install at least one DIMM module on the slots. You can install either single- or double-sided modules to meet your own needs.
Intel® 82845G chipset supports a maximum of 4 memory banks. DIMM 1 alone occupies two memory banks; the other two banks are shared by DIMM 2 & DIMM 3. Therefore, you must follow the table below to install memory modules:
Combination Slot
1 2 3 4 5 DIMM 1 DIMM 2 DIMM 3
Total Memory
S: Single Side D: Double Side
S/D S/D S/D S/D S/D
D S S
D S S
64MB ~ 2GB
Installing DIMM Modules
The DDR DIMM has only one notch on the center of the module. The
module will only fit in the right orientation.
1. Insert the DIMM memory module vertically into the DIMM slot. Then push
it in.
Volt
2. The plastic clip at each side of the DIMM slot will automatically close.
notch
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Page 25
Hardware Setup
Power Supply
The mainboard supports ATX power supply for the power system. Be­fore inserting the power supply connector, always make sure that all compo­nents are installed properly to ensure that no damage will be caused.
A TX 20-Pin Power Connector: PWR1
This connector allows you to connect to an ATX power supply. To connect to the ATX power supply, make sure the plug of the power supply is inserted in the proper orientation and the pins are aligned. Then push down the power supply firmly into the connector.
A TX 12V Power Connector: JPW1
This 12V power connector is used to provide power to the CPU.
JPW1
3
1
4 2
JPW1 Pin Definition
PIN SIGNAL
1 GND 2 GND 3 12V 4 12V
PWR1 Pin Definition
PIN SIGNAL
1 3.3V 2 3.3V 3 GND 45V 5 GND 65V 7 GND 8 PW_OK 9 5V_SB 10 12V
10
1
PWR1
PIN SIGNAL
11 3.3V 12 -12V 13 GND 14 PS_ON 15 GND 16 GND 17 GND 18 -5V 19 5V 20 5V
20
11
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Page 26
Chapter 2
Back Panel
The Back Panel provides the following connectors:
LAN
Mouse
(Optional)
Keyboard USB
COM A VG A L-out L-in MIC
Parallel
Midi/Joystick
Mouse Connector
The mainboard provides a standard PS/2® mouse mini DIN connector for attaching a PS/2® mouse. You can plug a PS/2® mouse directly into this connector. The connector location and pin assignments are as follows:
Pin Definition
6
4
2
5
3
1
PS/2 Mouse (6-pin Female)
PIN SIGNAL DESCRIPTION
1 Mouse DATA Mouse DATA 2 NC No connection 3 GND Ground 4 VCC +5V 5 Mouse Clock Mouse clock 6 NC No connection
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Page 27
Hardware Setup
Keyboard Connector
The mainboard provides a standard PS/2® keyboard mini DIN connector for attaching a PS/2® keyboard. You can plug a PS/2® keyboard directly into this connector.
Pin Definition
6
4
2
PS/2 Keyboard (6-pin Female)
5
3
1
PIN SIGNAL DESCRIPTION
1 Keyboard DATA Keyboard DAT A 2 NC No connection 3 GND Ground 4 VCC +5V 5 Keyboard Clock Keyboard clock 6 NC No connection
USB Connectors
The mainboard provides a UHCI (Universal Host Controller Interface) Universal Serial Bus root for attaching USB devices such as keyboard, mouse or other USB-compatible devices. You can plug the USB device directly into the connector.
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
USB Ports
USB Port Description
PIN SIGNAL DESCRIPTION
1 VCC +5V 2 -Data 0 Negative Data Channel 0 3 +Data0 Positive Data Channel 0 4 GND Ground 5 VCC +5V 6 -Data 1 Negative Data Channel 1 7 +Data 1 Positive Data Channel 1 8 GND Ground
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Page 28
Chapter 2
Serial Port Connectors: COM A & COM B
The mainboard offers two 9-pin male DIN connectors as serial port COM A & COM B (COM B is the header COM2 on the board). The ports are 16550A high speed communication ports that send/receive 16 bytes FIFOs. You can attach a serial mouse or other serial devices directly to the connectors.
1 2 3 4 5
Pin Definition
PIN SIGNAL DESCRIPTION
6 7 8 9
9-Pin Male DIN Connector
1 3 5 7 9
2 4 6 8
COM2 (COM B)
1 DCD Data Carry Detect 2 SIN Serial In or Receive Data 3 SOUT Serial Out or Transmit Data 4 DTR Data Terminal Ready) 5 GND Ground 6 DSR Data Set Ready 7 RTS Request To Send 8 CTS Clear T o Send 9 RI Ring Indicate
VGA DB 15-Pin Connector
One DB 15-pin VGA connector is supplied for connection to a VGA monitor.
5 1
15 11
DB 15-Pin Female Connector
Pin Definition
Analog Video Display Connector (DB-15S) PIN SIGNAL DESCRIPTION
1 Red 2 Green 3 Blue 4 Not used 5 Ground 6 Ground 7 Ground 8 Ground 9 Power 10 Ground 1 1 Not used 12 SDA 13 Horizontal Sync 14 Vertical Sync 15 SCL
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Page 29
Hardware Setup
Parallel Port Connector: LPT1
The mainboard provides a 25-pin female centronic connector as LPT. A parallel port is a standard printer port that supports Enhanced Parallel Port (EPP) and Extended Capabilities Parallel Port (ECP) mode.
13 1
25
14
Pin Definition
PIN SIGNAL DESCRIPTION
1 STROBE Strobe 2 DATA0 Data0 3 DATA1 Data1 4 DATA2 Data2 5 DATA3 Data3 6 DATA4 Data4 7 DATA5 Data5 8 DATA6 Data6 9 DATA7 Data7 10 ACK# Acknowledge 11 BUSY Busy 12 PE Paper End 13 SELECT Select 14 AUTO FEED# Automatic Feed 15 ERR# Error 16 INIT# Initialize Printer 17 SLIN# Select In 18 GND Ground 19 GND Ground 20 GND Ground 21 GND Ground 22 GND Ground 23 GND Ground 24 GND Ground 25 GND Ground
2-11
Page 30
Chapter 2
LAN (RJ-45) Jack (845G Max-L only)
The mainboard optionally provides one standard RJ-45 jack for connec­tion to Local Area Network (LAN). You can connect a network cable to the LAN jack.
Pin Definition
PIN SIGNAL DESCRIPTION
1 TDP Transmit Differential Pair 2 TDN Transmit Differential Pair 3 RDP Receive Differential Pair 4 NC Not Used
RJ-45 LAN Jack
5 NC Not Used 6 RDN Receive Differential Pair 7 NC Not Used 8 NC Not Used
Joystick/Midi Connector
You can connect a joystick or game pad to this connector.
Audio Port Connectors
Line Out is a connector for Speakers or Headphones. Line In is used for
external CD player, Tape player, or other audio devices. Mic is a connector for microphones.
1/8” Stereo Audio Connectors
Line Out Line In MIC
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Hardware Setup
Connectors
The mainboard provides connectors to connect to FDD, IDE HDD, case, USB Ports, IR module, bluetooth module, D-Bracket™ and CPU/System/Power Supply FAN.
Floppy Disk Drive Connector: FDD1
The mainboard provides a standard floppy disk drive connector that supports 360K, 720K, 1.2M, 1.44M and 2.88M floppy disk types.
FDD1
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Chapter 2
Hard Disk Connectors: IDE1 & IDE2
The mainboard has a 32-bit Enhanced PCI IDE and Ultra DMA 66/100 controller that provides PIO mode 0~5, Bus Master, and Ultra DMA 66/100 function. You can connect up to four hard disk drives, CD-ROM, 120MB Floppy (reserved for future BIOS) and other devices. These connectors sup­port the provided IDE hard disk cable.
IDE1
IDE2
IDE1 (Primary IDE Connector) The first hard drive should always be connected to IDE1. IDE1 can
connect a Master and a Slave drive. You must configure second hard drive to Slave mode by setting the jumper accordingly.
IDE2 (Secondary IDE Connector) IDE2 can also connect a Master and a Slave drive.
TIP:
If you install two hard disks on cable, you must configure the second drive to Slave mode by setting its jumper. Refer to the hard disk documentation supplied by hard disk vendors for jumper setting instructions.
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Hardware Setup
Fan Power Connectors: CPUF AN1/SYS_F AN1/PWR_F AN1
The CPUF AN1 (processor fan), SYS_F AN1 (system fan) and PWR_F AN1 (power supply fan) support system cooling fan with +12V. It supports three­pin head connector. When connecting the wire to the connectors, always take note that the red wire is the positive and should be connected to the +12V, the black wire is Ground and should be connected to GND. If the mainboard has a System Hardware Monitor chipset on-board, you must use a specially de­signed fan with speed sensor to take advantage of the CPU fan control.
GND
CPUFAN1
+12V SENSOR
SYS_FAN1
GND +12V SENSOR
PWR_FAN1
GND +12V SENSOR
Note:
1. Always consult the vendor for proper CPU cooling fan.
2. CPU Fan supports the fan control. You can install the PC Alert utility that will automatically control the CPU Fan speed accord­ing to the actual CPU temperature.
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Chapter 2
IrDA Infrared Module Header: IR1
The connector allows you to connect to IrDA Infrared module. Y ou must configure the setting through the BIOS setup to use the IR function. IR1 is compliant with Intel® Front Panel I/O Connectivity Design Guide.
IR1 Pin Definition
Pin Signal
1NC 2NC 3 VCC5 4 GND 5 IRTX 6 IRRX
1 2
5 6
IR1
Bluetooth Connector: JBT1
This connector is used to connect a bluetooth module for wireless connection.
JBT1 Pin Definition
PIN SIGNAL PIN SIGNAL
1 VCC5 2 3VDUAL 3 D+ (USB signal) 4 GND
5 D- (USB signal) 6 GND
JBT1
2 6 1 5
Note:
Because the bluetooth connector shares the USB interface with blue­colored USB2.0 connector, the bottommost USB2.0 port will not function when you attach a bluetooth module to this connector.
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Hardware Setup
Front Panel Connectors: JFP1 & JFP2
The mainboard provides two front panel connectors for electrical con­nection to the front panel switches and LEDs. JFP1 is compliant with Intel Front Panel I/O Connectivity Design Guide.
78
®
Speaker
Power LED
2
1
JFP2
9
JFP1
10
JFP1 Pin Definition
PIN SIGNAL DESCRIPTION
1 HD_LED_P Hard disk LED pull-up 2 FP PWR/SLP MSG LED pull-up 3 HD_LED_N Hard disk active LED 4 FP PWR/SLP MSG LED pull-up 5 RST_SW_N Reset Switch low reference pull-down to GND 6 PWR_SW_P Power Switch high reference pull-up 7 RST_SW_P Reset Switch high reference pull-up 8 PWR_SW_N Power Switch low reference pull-down to GND 9 RSVD_DNU Reserved. Do not use.
Reset Switch
Power Switch
HDD LED
Power LED
1 2
JFP2 Pin Definition
PIN SIGNAL PIN SIGNAL
1 GND 2 SPK­3 SLED 4 BUZ+ 5 PLED 6 BUZ­7 NC 8 SPK+
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Chapter 2
Front Panel Audio Connector: JAUDIO1
The JAUDIO1 front panel audio connector allows you to connect to the front panel audio and is compliant with Intel® Front Panel I/O Connectivity Design Guide.
1
9
JAUDIO1
10
PIN SIGNAL DESCRIPTION
1 AUD_MIC Front panel microphone input signal 2 AUD_GND Ground used by analog audio circuits 3 AUD_MIC_BIAS Microphone power 4 AUD_VCC Filtered +5V used by analog audio circuits 5 AUD_FPOUT_R Right channel audio signal to front panel 6 AUD_RET_R Right channel audio signal return from front panel 7 HP_ON Reserved for future use to control headphone amplifier 8 KEY No pin 9 AUD_FPOUT_L Left channel audio signal to front panel 10 AUD_RET_L Left channel audio signal return from front panel
2
Pin Definition
Note:
If you don’t want to connect to the front audio header, pins 5 & 6, 9 & 10 have to be jumpered in order to have signal output directed to the rear audio ports. Otherwise, the Line-Out con­nector on the back panel will not function.
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9
5
10
6
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Hardware Setup
Front USB Connectors: JUSB1/2
The mainboard provides two USB2.0 pinheaders for users to connect to optional USB2.0 ports. These pinheaders are compliant to Intel® I/O Connec­tivity Design Guide.
USB 2.0 technology increases data transfer rate up to a maximum through­put of 480Mbps, which is 40 times faster than USB 1.1, and is ideal for connect­ing high-speed USB interface peripherals such as USB HDD, digital cameras, MP3 players, printers, modems and the like.
1 9
10
2
JUSB1
(USB 2.0/Intel spec)
JUSB1/2 Pin Definition
Pin Description Pin Description
1 USBPWR 2 USBPWR 3 USBP2- 4 USBP3­5 USBP2+ 6 USBP3+ 7 GND 8 GND 9 NC 1 0 USBOC
2-19
10
JUSB2
(USB 2.0/Intel spec)
1 9
2
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Chapter 2
T o Attach the Optional USB 2.0 Ports:
1. Take out the USB 2.0 bracket and D-Bracket™ 2 (if there is any).
2. Locate the blue USB pinheader (JUSB2) and yellow USB pinheader (JUSB1)
on the motherboard.
3. Connect the USB 2.0 bracket to blue USB pinheader, and D-Bracket™ 2 to
yellow USB pinheader.
Connected to JUSB2 (the USB pinheader in blue color)
USB 2.0 Bracket
This USB 2.0 port will not function when a Bluetooth module is connected to the onboard Bluetooth pinheader JBT1. If no Bluetooth function is applied, remove the sticker to utilize this port.
Connected to JDB1
Connected to JUSB1 (the USB pinheader in yellow color)
D-Bracket™ 2
4. Place the USB 2.0 bracket and D-Bracket™ 2 into the appropriate slot of the
system case.
Note: The USB 2.0 technology is backwards compatible with USB 1.1 spec. To use the USB 2.0 ports, you still need to install USB 2.0 driver, which is supplied by Microsoft for Windows® 2000 and XP. If you have any problems regarding USB 2.0 driver, please visit Microsoft website for more information.
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CD-In Connector: CD_IN1
The connector is for CD-ROM audio connector.
Hardware Setup
GND
L
R
CD_IN1
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Chapter 2
D-Bracket™ 2 Connector: JDB1
The mainboard comes with a JDB1 connector for you to connect to D­Bracket™ 2. D-Bracket™ 2 is a USB Bracket that supports both USB1.1 & 2.0 spec. It integrates four LEDs and allows users to identify system problem through 16 various combinations of LED signals. For definitions of 16 signal combinations, please refer to D-Bracket™ 2 (Optional) in Chapter 1.
JDB1 Pin Definition
Pin Signal
1 DBG1 (high for green color) 2 DBR1 (high for red color) 3 DBG2 (high for green color) 4 DBR2 (high for red color) 5 DBG3 (high for green color) 6 DBR3 (high for red color) 7 DBG4 (high for green color) 8 DBR4 (high for red color) 9 Key 10 NC
2
1 9
Connected to JDB1
10
JDB1
Connected to JUSB1 (the USB pinheader in yellow color)
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D-Bracket™ 2
LEDs
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Hardware Setup
Chassis Intrusion Switch Connector: JCASE1
This connector is connected to a 2-pin chassis switch. If the chassis is opened, the switch will be short. The system will record this status and show a warning message on the screen. To clear the warning, you must enter the BIOS utility and clear the record.
JCASE1
Power Saving Switch Connector: JGS1
Attach a power saving switch to this connector. Pressing the switch once will have the system enter the sleep/suspend state. Press any key to wake up the system.
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JGS1
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Chapter 2
Jumpers
The motherboard provides one jumper for you to set the computer’s function. This section will explain how to change your motherboard’s function through the use of the jumper.
Clear CMOS Jumper: JBA T1
There is a CMOS RAM on board that has a power supply from external battery to keep the data of system configuration. With the CMOS RAM, the system can automatically boot OS every time it is turned on. If you want to clear the system configuration, use the JBAT1 (Clear CMOS Jumper ) to clear data. Follow the instructions below to clear the data:
WARNING!
1
JBAT1
3
1
Keep Data
3
1
Clear Data
You can clear CMOS by shorting 2-3 pin while the system is off. Then return to 1-2 pin position. Avoid clearing the CMOS while the system is on; it will dam­age the mainboard.
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Hardware Setup
Slots
The motherboard provides one AGP slot, six 32-bit Master PCI bus slots, and one CNR slot.
AGP Slot
PCI Slots
CNR Slot
AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port) Slot
The AGP slot allows you to insert the AGP 1.5V graphics card. AGP is an interface specification designed for the throughput demands of 3D graphics. It introduces a 66MHz, 32-bit channel for the graphics controller to directly access main memory.
Please note that the AGP slot does not support 3.3V AGP card. Use of 3. 3V AGP card may cause damages to the mainboard. To avoid the risk of causing permanent damages to the mainboard, the AGP slot is protected with MSI electrical routing device. If users have inserted a 3.3V AGP card into the slot, the MSI routing device will disable the computer’s boot-up system. Re­move the 3.3V AGP card and the boot-up system will return to normal.
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Attention!
DO NOT use the following AGP cards which would result in failure to restart the system. The following list is subject to change without prior notice.
Model AGP Chip
ATI Xpert2000 3D RAGE 128VR ATI Rage Furry Maxx 3D RAGE 128 Pro Diamond Monster Fusion 3DFX VooDoo Banshee Hercules KYRO II 4500 Leadtek Winfast VR300 SiS300 Matrox Millennium G400 G4+MDHA32G STB 3Dfx VooDoo3 3500TV 3Dfx VooDoo 3500TV
PCI Slots
Six PCI slots allow you to insert the expansion cards to meet your needs. When adding or removing expansion cards, make sure that you unplug the power supply first. Meanwhile, read the documentation for the expansion card to make any necessary hardware or software settings for the expansion card, such as jumpers, switches or BIOS configuration.
CNR (Communication Network Riser) Slot
The CNR slot allows you to insert the CNR expansion cards. CNR is a specially designed network, audio, or modem riser card for ATX family motherboards. Its main processing is done through software and controlled by the motherboard’s chipset.
Please note the CNR slot of 845G Max-L supports audio and modem only, so you cannot install a LAN card on the CNR slot. Only the CNR slot of 845G Max supports network, audio and modem.
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Hardware Setup
PCI Interrupt Request Routing
The IRQ, abbreviation of interrupt request line and pronounced I-R-Q, are hardware lines over which devices can send interrupt signals to the microprocessor. The “AGP/PCI/USB/LAN” IRQ pins are typically connected to the PCI bus INT A# ~ INT H# pins as follows:
Order 1 Order 2 Order 3 Order 4 AGP INT A# INT B# PCI Slot 1 INT A# INT B# INT C# INT D# PCI Slot 2 INT B# INT C# INT D# INT A# PCI Slot 3 INT C# INT D# INT A# INT B# PCI Slot 4 INT D# INT A# INT B# INT C# PCI Slot 5 INT B# INT C# INT D# INT A# PCI Slot 6 INT A# INT B# INT C# INT D# USB1.1 Controller 1 INT A# USB1.1 Controller 2 INT D# USB1.1 Controller 3 INT C# USB2.0 Controller INT H# LAN Controller INT E#
AGP & PCI Slot 1 & PCI Slot 6 & USB1.1 Controller 1 shared. PCI Slot 2 & PCI Slot 5 shared. PCI Slot 3 & USB1.1 Controller 3 shared. PCI Slot 4 & USB1.1 Controller 2 shared.
PCI Slot 1~6: Bus Master
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Chapter 3. BIOS Setup
BIOS Setup
BIOS Setup
This chapter provides information on the BIOS Setup program and allows you to configure the system for optimum use.
You may need to run the Setup program when:
An error message appears on the screen during the system booting up,
and requests you to run SETUP.
You want to change the default settings for customized features.
TOPICS
Entering Setup 3-2 The Main Menu 3-4 Standard CMOS Features 3-6 Advanced BIOS Features 3-8 Advanced Chipset Features 3-13 Power Management Features 3-16 PNP/PCI Configurations 3-20 Integrated Peripherals 3-23 PC Health Status 3-26 Frequency/Voltage Control 3-27 Set Supervisor/User Password 3-29 Load High Performance/BIOS Setup Defaults 3-30
3
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Entering Setup
Power on the computer and the system will start POST (Power On Self T est) process. When the message below appears on the screen, press <DEL> key to enter Setup.
DEL:Setup F12:Network boot TAB:Logo
If the message disappears before you respond and you still wish to enter Setup, restart the system by turning it OFF and On or pressing the RESET button. You may also restart the system by simultaneously pressing <Ctrl>, <Alt>, and <Delete> keys.
Control Keys
<> <> <←> <> <Enter> Select the item <Esc> Jumps to the Exit menu or ret u rns t o the mai n menu fr om a su bmen u <+/PU> Increase the numeric value or make changes <-/PD> Decrease the numeric value or make changes <F5> Restore the previous CMOS value from CMOS, only for Option Page
<F6> Load High Performance Defaults <F7> Load BIOS S etup Defaults <F10> Save all the CMOS changes and exit
Move to the previous item Move to the next item Move to the item in the left hand Move to the item in the right hand
Setup Menu
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BIOS Setup
Getting Help
After entering the Setup utility, the first screen you see is the Main Menu.
Main Menu
The main menu displays the setup categories the BIOS supplies. You can use the arrow keys ( ↑↓ ) to select the item. The on-line description for the selected setup category is displayed at the bottom of the screen.
Default Settings
The BIOS setup program contains two kinds of default settings: the BIOS Setup and High Performance defaults. BIOS Setup defaults provide stable performance settings for all devices and the system, while High Performance defaults provide the best system performance but may affect the system stability.
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Chapter 3
The Main Menu
Once you enter AMIBIOS NEW SETUP UTILITY, the Main Menu will appear on the screen. The Main Menu displays twelve configurable functions and two exit choices. Use arrow keys to move among the items and press <Enter> to enter the sub-menu.
Standard CMOS Features
Use this menu for basic system configurations, such as time, date etc.
Advanced BIOS Features
Use this menu to setup the items of AMI® special enhanced features.
Advanced Chipset Features
Use this menu to change the values in the chipset registers and optimize your system’s performance.
Power Management Features
Use this menu to specify your settings for power management.
PNP/PCI Configurations
This entry appears if your system supports PnP/PCI.
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BIOS Setup
Integrated Peripherals
Use this menu to specify your settings for integrated peripherals.
PC Health Status
This entry shows your PC health status.
Frequency/V oltage Control
Use this menu to specify your settings for frequency/voltage control.
Set Supervisor Password
Use this menu to set Supervisor Password.
Set User Password
Use this menu to set User Password.
Load High Performance Defaults
Use this menu to load the BIOS values for the best system performance, but the system stability may be affected.
Load BIOS Setup Defaults
Use this menu to load factory default settings into the BIOS for stable system performance operations.
Save & Exit Setup
Save changes to CMOS and exit setup.
Exit Without Saving
Abandon all changes and exit setup.
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Standard CMOS Features
The items inside STANDARD CMOS FEATURES menu are divided into 9 categories. Each category includes none, one or more setup items. Use the arrow keys to highlight the item you want to modify and use the <PgUp> or <PgDn> keys to switch to the value you prefer.
System Date
This allows you to set the system to the date that you want (usually the current date). The format is <day><month> <date> <year>.
day Day of the week, from Sun to Sat, determined by
BIOS. Read-only.
month The month from Jan. through Dec. date The date from 1 to 31 can be keyed by numeric
function keys.
year The year can be adjusted by users.
System Time
This allows you to set the system time that you want (usually the current time). The time format is <hour> <minute> <second>.
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BIOS Setup
Primary/Secondary IDE Master/Slave
Press <Enter> to enter the sub-menu screen. When you select a specific hard disk drive type, the specification of hard disk drive will show up on the screen according to your selection.
Type: Press PgUp/<+> or PgDn/<-> to select the type of the device. Cylinders: Select the number of cylinders. Heads: Select the number of heads. Write Precompensation: Select the write precompensation. Sectors: Select the number of sectors. Maximum Capacity: Select the capacity of the device. LBA Mode: Turn the LBA mode on or off. Block Mode: Block mode is also called block transfer, multiple
commands, or multiple sector read/write. Select On for automatic detec­tion of the optimal number of block read/writes per sector the drive can support
Fast Programmed I/O Modes: Select a PIO mode (0~5) for each of the IDE devices. Modes 0 through 5 provide successively increased performance.
32 Bit Transfer Mode: Performance increases when 32-bit I/O transfers are enabled.
Floppy Drive A/B
This item allows you to set the type of floppy drives installed. Available options: Not Installed, 360 KB 5¼, 1.2 MB 5¼, 720 KB 3½, 1.44 MB 3½, 2.88 MB 3½.
Boot Sector Virus Protection
The item is to set the Virus Warning feature for IDE Hard Disk boot sector protection. When Enabled, BIOS will issue a virus warning message and beep if a write to the boot sector or the partition table of the HDD is attempted. Setting options: Disabled, Enabled.
Note: This feature only protects the boot sector, not the whole hard
disk.
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Advanced BIOS Features
Quick Boot
Setting the item to Enabled allows the system to boot within 5 seconds since it will skip some check items. A vailable options: Enabled, Disabled.
Full Screen LOGO Show
This item enables you to show the company logo on the bootup screen. Set­tings are:
Silent Shows a still image (logo) on the full screen at boot. BIOS Shows the POST messages at boot.
Boot Device Select
Press <Enter> to enter the sub-menu screen.
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BIOS Setup
1st/2nd/3rd
The items allow you to set the sequence of boot devices where AMIBIOS attempts to load the operating system. The settings are:
IDE-0 The system will boot from the first HDD. IDE-1 The system will boot from the second HDD. IDE-2 The system will boot from the third HDD. IDE-3 The system will boot from the fourth HDD. Floppy The system will boot from floppy drive. ARMD-FDD The system will boot from any ARMD device,
such as LS-120 or ZIP drive, that functions as a floppy drive.
ARMD-HDD The system will boot from ARMD device, such as
MO or ZIP drive, that functions as hard disk drive.
CDROM The system will boot from the CD-ROM. Legacy SCSI The system will boot from the SCSI. Legacy NETWORK The system will boot from the Network drive. BBS-0 The system will boot from the first BBS (BIOS
Boot Specification) compliant device.
BBS-1 The system will boot from the second BBS (BIOS
Boot Specification) compliant device.
BBS-2 The system will boot from the third BBS (BIOS
Boot Specification) compliant device.
BBS-3 The system will boot from the fourth BBS (BIOS
Boot Specification) compliant device.
Disabled Disable this sequence.
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Note: Available settings for “1st/2nd/3rd” boot device vary depend­ing on the bootable devices you have installed. For example, if you did not install a floppy drive, the setting “Floppy” does not show up.
T ry Other Boot Devices
Setting the option to Yes allows the system to try to boot from other devices if the system fails to boot from the 1st/2nd/3rd boot device.
S.M.A.R.T. for Hard Disks
This allows you to activate the S.M.A.R.T. (Self-Monitoring Analysis & Re­porting T echnology) capability for the hard disks. S.M.A.R.T is a utility that monitors your disk status to predict hard disk failure. This gives you an opportunity to move data from a hard disk that is going to fail to a safe place before the hard disk becomes offline. Settings: Enabled, Disabled.
BootUp Num-Lock
This item is to set the Num Lock status when the system is powered on. Setting to On will turn on the Num Lock key when the system is powered on. Setting to Off will allow end users to use the arrow keys on the numeric keypad. Setting options: On, Off.
Swap Floppy
Setting to Enabled will swap floppy drives A: and B:.
Seek Floppy
This setting causes the BIOS to search for floppy disk drives at boot time. When enabled, the BIOS will activate the floppy disk drives during the boot process: the drive activity light will come on and the head will move back and forth once. First A: will be done and then B: if it exists. Setting options: Disabled, Enabled.
Password Check
This specifies the type of AMIBIOS password protection that is implemented. Setting options are described below.
Option Description
Setup The password prompt appears only when end users try to run
Setup.
Always A password prompt appears every time when the computer is
powered on or when end users try to run Setup.
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BIOS Setup
Boot OS/2 for DRAM > 64MB
This allows you to run the OS/2® operating system with DRAM larger than 64MB. When you choose No, you cannot run the OS/2® operating system with DRAM larger than 64MB. But it is possible if you choose Yes.
APIC Interrupt Mode
This field is used to enable or disable the APIC (Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller). Due to compliance to PC2001 design guide, the system is able to run in APIC mode. Enabling APIC mode will expand available IRQs resources for the system. Settings: Enabled, Disabled.
MPS Revision
This field allows you to select which MPS (Multi-Processor Specification) version to be used for the operating system. You need to select the MPS version supported by your operating system. To find out which version to use, consult the vendor of your operating system. Options: 1.4, 1.1.
CPU L1 & L2 Cache
Cache memory is additional memory that is much faster than conventional DRAM (system memory). When the CPU requests data, the system transfers the requested data from the main DRAM into cache memory, for even faster access by the CPU. The setting controls the L1 (also known as level 1 cache) and L2 (also known as level 2 cache). Setting options: Disabled, WriteBack, WriteThru. WriteBack & WriteThru refer to the cache’s write policy, which determines how it handles writes to memory locations that are currently being
held in cache. The WriteBack cache policy will produce the best performance.
Flash Protection
This function protects the BIOS from accidental corruption by unauthorized users or computer viruses. When enabled, the BIOS’s data cannot be changed when attempting to update the BIOS with a Flash utility. To successfully update the BIOS, you’ll need to disable this BIOS Flash Write Control function. You should enable this function at all times. The only time when you need to disable the function is when you want to update the BIOS. After updating the BIOS, you should immediately re-enable it to protect the BIOS against viruses. Settings: Enabled, Disabled.
System BIOS Cacheable
Selecting Enabled allows caching of the system BIOS ROM at F0000h-FFFFFh, resulting in better system performance. However, if any program writes to this
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Chapter 3
memory area, a system error may result. Setting options: Enabled, Disabled.
C000, 32k Shadow
This item specifies how the contents of the adapter ROM named in the item are handled. Settings are described below:
Option Description
Disabled The specified ROM is not copied to RAM. Enabled The contents of specified ROM are copied to RAM
for faster system performance.
Cached The contents of specified ROM are not only copied
to RAM, the contents of the ROM area can be writ­ten to and read from cache memory.
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Advanced Chipset Features
Note: Change these settings only if you are familiar with the chipset.
DRAM Timing Setting
Press <Enter> and the following sub-menu appears.
BIOS Setup
DRAM Frequency
Use this item to configure the clock frequency of the installed SDRAM. Settings options: Auto, 200MHz, 266MHz, 333MHz.
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Configure DRAM Timing by SPD
Selects whether DRAM timing is controlled by the SPD (Serial Presence Detect) EEPROM on the DRAM module. Setting to Enabled enables CAS# Latency, RAS# Precharge, RAS# to CAS# Delay, Precharge Delay and Burst Length automatically to be determined by BIOS based on the configurations on the SPD. Selecting Disabled allows users to configure these fields manually.
CAS# Latency
The field controls the CAS latency, which determines the timing de­lay before SDRAM starts a read command after receiving it. Setting options: 2 Clocks and 3 Clocks. 2 Clocks increases system perform­ance while 3Clocks provides more stable system performance.
RAS# Precharge
This item controls the number of cycles for Row Address Strobe (RAS) to be allowed to precharge. If insufficient time is allowed for the RAS to accumulate its charge before DRAM refresh, refresh may be incomplete and DRAM may fail to retain data. This item applies only when synchronous DRAM is installed in the system. Available settings: 2 Clocks, 3 Clocks.
RAS# to CAS# Delay
This field allows you to set the number of cycles for a timing delay between the CAS and RAS strobe signals, used when DRAM is written to, read from or refreshed. Fast speed offers faster perform­ance while slow speed offers more stable performance. Settings: 3 Clocks, 2 Clocks.
Precharge Delay
The field specifies the idle cycles before precharging an idle bank. Settings: 7 Clocks, 6 Clocks, 5 Clocks.
Burst Length
This setting allows you to set the size of Burst-Length for DRAM. Bursting feature is a technique that DRAM itself predicts the address of the next memory location to be accessed after the first address is accessed. To use the feature, you need to define the burst length, which is the actual length of burst plus the starting address and allows internal address counter to properly generate
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BIOS Setup
the next memory location. The bigger the size, the faster the DRAM performance. Settings: 4, 8 (QW).
AGP Aperture Size
This setting controls just how much system RAM can be allocated to AGP for video purposes. The aperture is a portion of the PCI memory address range dedicated to graphics memory address space. Host cycles that hit the aperture range are forwarded to the AGP without any translation. The option allows the selection of an aperture size of 4MB, 8MB, 16MB, 32MB, 64MB, 128MB, and
256 MB.
Internal Graphics Select
The field specifies the size of system memory allocated for video memory. Settings: 512KB, 1MB, 8MB, Disabled.
Display Cache Window Size
This setting controls just how much system RAM can be allocated to onboard video controller for video purposes. The display cache window is a portion of the PCI memory address range dedicated to graphics memory address space. Host cycles that hit the aperture range are forwarded to the onboard video device without any translation. Settings: 64MB, 128MB.
***** Display Setting ***** Boot Display Device
Use the field to select the type of device you want to use as the display(s) of the system. Setting options: Auto, CRT, TV, EFP , CRT+EFP. The option EFP refers to the LCD display.
TV Standard
Select the TV standard which is used as the video signal format of your TV if you have connected a TV to the system. Three TV standards are available for the field:
PAL P AL format. This is a dominant standard in Europe. NTSC NTSC format. This format is used by many American
and Asian countries including US and Japan.
SECAM SECAM format. The format is implemented in some coun-
tries like France.
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Power Management Features
IPCA Function
This item is to activate the ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Man­agement Interface) function. If your operating system is ACPI-aware, such as Windows 98SE/2000/ME, select Yes. A vailable options: Yes, No.
ACPI Standby State
This item specifies the power saving modes for ACPI function. Options are:
S1/POS The S1 sleep mode is a low power state. In this state, no
system context is lost (CPU or chipset) and hardware maintains all system context.
S3/STR The S3 sleep mode is a lower power state where the infor-
mation of system configuration and open applications/ files is saved to main memory that remains powered while most other hardware components turn off to save energy. The information stored in memory will be used to restore the system when a “wake up” event occurs.
Auto OS driver determines the best mode for ACPI standby
state.
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BIOS Setup
Re-Call VGA BIOS at S3 Resuming
Selecting Enabled allows BIOS to call VGA BIOS to initialize the VGA card when system wakes up (resume) from S3 sleep state. The system resume time is shortened when you disable the function, but system will need an AGP driver to initialize the VGA card. Therefore, if the AGP driver of the card does not support the initialization feature, the display may work abnormally or not function after resuming from S3.
Power Management/APM
Setting to Enabled will activate an Advanced Power Management (APM) device to enhance Max Saving mode and stop CPU internal clock. Settings: Disabled, Enabled.
Suspend Time Out
After the selected period of system inactivity, all devices except the CPU shut off. Settings: Disabled, 1, 2, 4, 8, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 (minutes).
Power Button Function
This feature sets the function of the power button. Settings are:
On/Off The power button functions as normal power off button. Suspend When you press the power button, the computer enters
the suspend/sleep mode, but if the button is pressed for more than four seconds, the computer is turned off.
Restore On AC/Power Loss
This setting specifies whether your system will reboot after a power failure or interrupt occurs. Available settings are:
Power Off Leaves the computer in the power off state. Power On Reboots the computer. Last State Restores the system to the status before power failure or
interrupt occurred.
Set Monitor Events
Press <Enter> to enter the sub-menu and the following screen appears:
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FDC/LPT/COM Ports, Primary/Secondary Master/Slave IDE
These fields specify whether the system will be awakened from power saving modes when activity or input signal of the specified hardware peripheral or component is detected.
Set Wake Up Events
Press <Enter> to enter the sub-menu and the following screen appears:
Keyboard/Mouse PowerOn Function, Specific Key for PowerOn, Resume On Ring/PME#, USB Wakeup Fr om S3
These fields specify whether the system will be awakened from power saving modes when activity or input signal of the specified hardware
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BIOS Setup
peripheral or component is detected.
Note:
1. You need to install a modem card supporting power on function for “Resume On Ring” function.
2. For “Keyboard PowerOn Function”, the option “Specific Key” refers to the password you specify in the “Specific Key for PowerOn” field. You must type the password to power on the system since the power switch will not function any more after “Specific Key” is selected.
3. For “Mouse PowerOn Function”, you need to DOUBLE click the mouse to power on the system if the function is enabled.
Resume On RTC Alarm
This is used to enable or disable the feature of booting up the system on a scheduled time/date from the soft off (S5) state. Settings: Enabled, Disabled.
RTC Alarm Date/Hour/Minute/Second
If Resume On RTC Alarm is set to Enabled, the system will automatically resume (boot up) on a specific date/hour/minute/second specified in these fields. A vailable settings for each item are:
Alarm Date 01 ~ 31, Every Day Alarm Hour 00 ~ 23 Alarm Minute 00 ~ 59 Alarm Second 00 ~ 59
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PNP/PCI Configurations
This section describes configuring the PCI bus system and PnP (Plug & Play) feature. PCI, or Peripheral Component Interconnect, is a system which allows I/O devices to operate at speeds nearing the speed the CPU itself uses when communicating with its special components. This section covers some very technical items and it is strongly recommended that only experienced users should make any changes to the default settings.
Clear NVRAM
The ESCD (Extended System Configuration Data) NVRAM (Non-volatile Ran­dom Access Memory) is where the BIOS stores resource information for both PNP and non-PNP devices in a bit string format. When the item is set to Yes, the system will reset ESCD NVRAM right after the system is booted up and then set the setting of the item back to No automatically.
PCI Latency Timer (PCI Clocks)
This item controls how long each PCI device can hold the bus before another takes over. When set to higher values, every PCI device can conduct transac­tions for a longer time and thus improve the effective PCI bandwidth. For better PCI performance, you should set the item to higher values. Settings range from 32 to 248 at a 32 increment.
Init. Graphics Adapter Priority
This item specifies which VGA device is your primary graphics adapter. Set-
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BIOS Setup
tings are:
Internal VGA The system initializes the onboard VGA device. AGP/Int-VGA The system initializes the installed AGP card first. If
an AGP card is not available, it will initialize the onboard VGA device.
AGP/PCI The system initializes the installed AGP card first. If
an AGP card is not available, it will initialize the PCI VGA card.
PCI/AGP The system initializes the installed PCI VGA card first.
If a PCI VGA card is not available, it will initialize the AGP card.
PCI/Int-VGA The system initializes the installed PCI VGA card first.
If a PCI VGA card is not available, it will initialize the onboard VGA device.
PCI IDE BusMaster
Set this option to Enabled to specify that the IDE controller on the PCI local bus has bus mastering capability. Settings options: Disabled, Enabled.
PCI Slot1/6 IRQ Priority, PCI Slot2/5 IRQ Priority, PCI Slot3 IRQ Priority, PCI Slot4 IRQ Priority
These items specify the IRQ line for each PCI slot. Settings: 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, Auto. Selecting Auto allows BIOS to automatically determine the IRQ line for
each PCI slot.
Set IRQs to PCI or ISA
Press <Enter> to enter the sub-menu and the following screen appears:
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IRQ 3/4/5/7/9/10/11/14/15
These items specify the bus where the specified IRQ line is used. The settings determine if AMIBIOS should remove an IRQ from the pool of available IRQs passed to devices that are configurable by the system BIOS. The available IRQ pool is determined by reading the ESCD NVRAM. If more IRQs must be removed from the IRQ pool, the end user can use these settings to reserve the IRQ by assigning an ISA/EISA setting to it. Onboard I/O is configured by AMIBIOS. All IRQs used by onboard I/O are configured as PCI/PnP. If all IRQs are set to ISA/EISA, and IRQ 14/ 15 are allocated to the onboard PCI IDE, IRQ 9 will still be available for PCI and PnP devices. Available settings: ISA/EISA, PCI/PnP.
Set DMAs to PnP or ISA
Press <Enter> to enter the sub-menu and the following screen appears:
DMA Channel 0/1/3/5/6/7
These items specify the bus that the system DMA (Direct Memory Access) channel is used. The settings determine if AMIBIOS should remove a DMA from the avail­able DMAs passed to devices that are configurable by the system BIOS. The available DMA pool is determined by reading the ESCD NVRAM. If more DMAs must be removed from the pool, the end user can reserve the DMA by assigning an ISA/EISA setting to it.
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BIOS Setup
Integrated Peripherals
USB Controller
This setting is used to enable/disable the onboard USB controllers. Setting options: 2 USB Ports, 4 USB Ports, 6 USB Ports, Disabled.
USB 1.1 Legacy Support
Set to All Device if you need to use a USB1.1 device in the operating system that does not support or have any USB driver installed, such as DOS and SCO Unix. Set to No Mice if you want to use any USB1.1 device except the mouse. Setting options: Disabled, No Mice, All Device.
On-Chip IDE
This setting controls the on-chip IDE controller. Setting options: Disabled, Primary, Secondary, Both.
OnChip LAN (Optional)
The field determines whether the onboard LAN controller is activated. The field appears only when the mainboard supports the LAN function. Setting options: Enabled, Disabled.
AC’97 Audio
Auto allows the mainboard to detect whether an audio device is used. If an
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audio device is detected, the onboard AC’97 (Audio Codec’97) controller will be enabled; if not, it is disabled. Disable the controller if you want to use other controller cards to connect an audio device. Settings: Auto, Disabled.
AC’97 Modem
Auto allows the mainboard to detect whether a modem is used. If a modem is detected, the onboard AC’97 modem controller will be enabled; if not, it is disabled. Disable the controller if you want to use other controller cards to connect a modem. Settings: Auto, Disabled.
Set Super I/O
Press <Enter> to enter the sub-menu and the following screen appears:
OnBoard FDC
This is used to enable or disable the onboard Floppy controller.
Option Description
Auto BIOS will automatically determine whether to enable the
onboard Floppy controller or not.
Enabled Enables the onboard Floppy controller. Disabled Disables the onboard Floppy controller.
OnBoard Serial Port A/B
These items specify the base I/O port addresses of the onboard Serial Port A (COM A)/Serial Port B (COM B). Selecting Auto allows AMIBIOS to automatically determine the correct base I/O port address. Settings:
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BIOS Setup
Auto, 3F8/COM1, 2F8/COM2, 3E8/COM3, 2E8/COM4, Disabled.
Serial Port B Mode
This item sets the operation mode for Serial Port B. Settings: Normal,
1.6 uS, 3/16 Baud and ASKIR (the last three operation modes are
setting options for IR function).
IR Pin Select
Set to IRRX/IRTX when using an internal IR module connected to the IR header. Set to SINB/SOUTB. when connecting an IR adapter to COM B.
OnBoard Parallel Port
This field specifies the base I/O port address of the onboard parallel port. Selecting Auto allows AMIBIOS to automatically determine the correct base I/O port address. Settings: Auto, 378, 278, 3BC, Disabled.
Parallel Port Mode
This item selects the operation mode for the onboard parallel port: ECP, Normal, Bi-Dir or EPP.
EPP V ersion
The item selects the EPP version used by the parallel port if the port is set to EPP mode. Settings: 1.7, 1.9.
Parallel Port IRQ
When parallel port is set to Auto, the item shows Auto indicating that BIOS determines the IRQ for the parallel port automatically.
Parallel Port DMA Channel
This feature needs to be configured only when Parallel Port Mode is set to the ECP mode. When parallel port is set to Auto, the field will show Auto indicating that BIOS automatically determines the DMA channel for the parallel port.
OnBoard Midi Port
The field specifies the base I/O port address for the onboard Midi Port.
Midi IRQ Select
The item is used to select the IRQ line for onboard Midi port.
OnBoard Game Port
This item is used to specify the address for the onboard game port.
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PC Health Status
This section shows the status of your CPU, fan, and overall system status.
Chassis Intrusion
The field enables or disables the feature of recording the chassis intrusion status and issuing a warning message if the chassis is once opened. To clear the warning message, set the field to Reset. The setting of the field will automatically return to Enabled later. Settings: Enabled, Reset, Disabled.
CPU/System T emperature, CPU/System/Power Fan Speed, Vcore, 3.3V, + 5. 0V, +12.0V, -12.0V, -5.0V, Battery, +5V SB
These items display the current status of all of the monitored hardware de­vices/components such as CPU voltages, temperatures and all fans’ speeds.
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BIOS Setup
Frequency/Voltage Control
Use this menu to specify your settings for frequency/voltage control.
Spread Spectrum
When the motherboard clock generator pulses, the extreme values (spikes) of the pulses creates EMI (Electromagnetic Interference). The Spread Spectrum function reduces the EMI generated by modulating the pulses so that the spikes of the pulses are reduced to flatter curves. If you do not have any EMI problem, leave the setting at Disabled for optimal system stability and performance. But if you are plagued by EMI, setting to Enabled for EMI reduction. Remember to disable Spread Spectrum if you are overclocking be­cause even a slight jitter can introduce a temporary boost in clockspeed which may just cause your overclocked processor to lock up.
CPU Ratio Selection
This setting controls the multiplier that is used to determine the internal clock speed of the processor relative to the external or motherboard clock speed.
CPU FSB Clock (Mhz)
This item allows you to select the CPU Front Side Bus clock frequency. Setting options range from 100 to 200. If you install a CPU other than 100MHz FSB, you should change the setting to corresponding FSB
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frequency; otherwise, the CPU will run at the default configuration 100MHz. The field also allows you to overclock the processor by adjusting the FSB clock to a higher frequency.
CPU Vcore Adjust
This setting is used to enable or disable the ability to adjust CPU Vcore for overclocking purpose. Setting options: Yes, No.
CPU Vcore
Specify preferred CPU core voltage (Vcore) in this field.
Note: Changing CPU Vcore could lead to a unstable system; therefore, it is NOT recommended to change the default setting for long-term usage.
DDR/AGP Power V oltage
Adjusting the DDR/AGP voltage can increase the DDR/AGP speed. Any changes made to these settings may cause a stability issue, so changing the DDR/AGP voltage for long-term purpose is NOT recommended.
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Set Supervisor/User Password
When you select this function, a message as below will appear on the screen:
Type the password, up to six characters in length, and press <Enter>. The password typed now will replace any previously set password from CMOS memory. You will be prompted to confirm the password. Retype the password and press <Enter>. You may also press <Esc> to abort the selection and not enter a password.
To clear a set password, just press <Enter> when you are prompted to enter the password. A message will show up confirming the password will be disabled. Once the password is disabled, the system will boot and you can enter Setup without entering any password.
When a password has been set, you will be prompted to enter it every time you try to enter Setup. This prevents an unauthorized person from changing any part of your system configuration.
Additionally, when a password is enabled, you can also have AMIBIOS to request a password each time the system is booted. This would prevent unau­thorized use of your computer. The setting to determine when the password prompt is required is the P ASSWORD CHECK option of the ADV ANCED BIOS FEATURES menu. If the PASSWORD CHECK option is set to Always, the password is required both at boot and at entry to Setup. If set to Setup, password prompt only occurs when you try to enter Setup.
About Supervisor Password & User Password:
Supervisor password: Can enter and change the settings of
the setup menu.
User password: Can only enter but do not have the right
to change the settings of the setup menu.
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Load High Performance/BIOS Setup Defaults
The two options on the main menu allow users to restore all of the BIOS settings to High Performance defaults or BIOS Setup defaults. The High Per­formance Defaults are the default values set by the mainboard manufacturer for the best system performance but probably will cause a stability issue. The BIOS Setup Defaults are the default values also set by the mainboard manufac­turer for stable performance of the mainboard.
When you select Load High Performance Defaults, a message as below appears:
Pressing <Enter> loads the default BIOS values that enable the best system performance but may lead to a stability issue.
The option is for power or overclocking users only. Use of high
WARNING!
performance defaults will tighten most timings to increase the sys­tem performance. Therefore, a high-end system configuration is a must, which means you need high-quality VGA adapter, RAM and so on. We don’t recommend that users should apply the high performance defaults in their regular systems. Otherwise, the system may become unstable or even crash. If the system crashes or hangs after enabling the feature, please CLEAR CMOS DA TA to resolve the problem. For more information, refer to “Clear CMOS Jumper:JBAT1” in Chapter 2.
When you select Load BIOS Setup Defaults, a message as below appears:
Pressing <Enter> loads the default values that are factory settings for stable system performance.
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Glossary
Glossary
Glossary
ACPI (Advanced Configuration & Power Interface) This power management specification enables the OS (operating system) to control the amount of power given to each device attached to the computer. Windows 98/98SE, Windows 2000 and Windows ME can fully support ACPI to allow users managing the system power flexibly.
AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port) A new, high-speed graphics interface that based on PCI construction and designed especially for the throughput demands of 3-D graphics. AGP provides a direct channel (32-bit wide bus) between the display controller and main memory for high graphics quality and performance.
ATX
A modern shape and layout of mainboard that supersedes the widely-used Baby AT form factor. It improves many placement of components and makes a more efficient design.
BIOS (basic input/output system) On PCs, an essential software that contains all the control code of input/output inter­face (such as keyboard, disk drives, etc.). It executes hardware test on booting the system, starts the OS, and provides an interface between the OS and the components. The BIOS is stored in a ROM chip.
Bus
A set of hardware lines within the computer system, through which the data is trans­ferred among different components. In a PC, the term bus usually refers to a local bus that connects the internal components to the CPU and main memory.
Cache
A special memory subsystem that is used to speed up the data transfer. It stores the contents of frequently accessed RAM locations and the addresses where these data items are stored.
Chipset
A collection of integrated chips designed to perform one or more related functions. For
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Glossary
example, a modem chipset contains all the primary circuits for transmitting and receiv­ing data; a PC chipset provides the electronic interfaces between all subsystems.
CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) CMOS is a widely used type of semiconductor, which features high speed and low power consumption. PCs usually contain a small amount of battery-powered CMOS memory to retain the date, time, and system setup parameters.
COM
In MS-DOS system, the name of a serial communications port. DOS supports four serial ports. For example, if a modem is connected to one serial port and a serial mouse to another, they are identified as COM1 and COM2.
DIMM (dual in-line memory module) A small circuit board that holds memory chips. A SIMM (single in-line memory module) has a 32-bit path to the memory chips whereas a DIMM has 64-bit path.
DRAM (Dynamic RAM) A most common type of computer memory. It usually uses one transistor and a capacitor to represent a bit. As the development of technology, the memory type and specification used in computer becomes variety, such as SDRAM, DDR SDRAM, and RDRAM. For further instruction, please see the table below:
Dynamic RAM (DRAM) Memory Technologies
Type
FPM (60,70ns)
EDO (50,60,70ns)
SDRAM (66MHz)
SDRAM (100MHz)
SDRAM (133MHz)
RDRAM (Direct Rambus)
DDR SDRAM (100MHz)
DDR SDRAM (133MHz)
* Memory channel width (64 bits started with 75MHz Pentium)
Source: Computer Desktop Encyclopedia
First Used
1990
1994
1996
1998
1999
1999
2000
2000
Clock Rate
25MHz
40MHz
66MHz
100MHz
133MHz
400MHz
100MHz
133MHz
Bus* Width
64 bits
64 bits
64 bits
64 bits
64 bits
16 bits
64 bits
64 bits
G-2
Peak
Bandwidth
200 MBps
320 MBps
528 MBps
800 MBps
1.1 GBps
1.6 GBps
1.6 GBps
2.1 GBps
Volts
5v
5v
3.3v
3.3v
3.3v
2.5v
3.3v
3.3v
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Glossary
ECC Memory (error correcting code memory) A type of memory that contains special circuitry for testing the accuracy of data and correcting the errors on the fly.
IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics) A type of disk-drive interface widely used to connect hard disks, CD-ROMs and tape drives to a PC, in which the controller electronics is integrated into the drive itself, eliminating the need for a separate adapter card. The IDE interface is known as the ATA (AT Attachment) specification.
IEEE 1394
A new, high speed external bus standard, also known as FireWire or iLink, which supports data transfer rates of up to 400 Mbps for connecting up to 63 external devices.
IrDA (Infrared Data Association) A group of device vendors, including computer, component and telecommunications, who have developed a standard for transmitting data via infrared light waves. This enables you to transfer data from one device to another without any cables.
LAN (local area network) A computer network that covers a relatively smaller area, such as in a building or an enterprise. It is made up of servers, workstations, shared resources, a network oper­ating system and a communications link. These individual PCs and devices on a LAN are known as “nodes”, and are connected by cables to access data and devices any­where on the LAN, so that many users can share expensive devices and data.
LED (light emitting diode) A semiconductor device that converts electrical energy into light. Since it lights up (usually red) when electricity is passed through it, it is usually used for the activity lights on computer’s component, such as disk drivers.
LPT (line printer terminal) Logical device name for a line printer; a name reserved by the MS-DOS for up to three parallel printer ports: LPT1, LPT2, and LPT3. It is frequently used by the OS to identify a printer.
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Glossary
PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) A local bus standard developed by Intel that first appeared on PCs in late 1993. PCI provides “plug and play” capability and allows IRQs to be shared. The PCI controller can exchange data with the system's CPU either 32 bits or 64 bits at a time.
PnP (Plug and Play) A set of specifications that allows a PC to configure itself automatically to work with peripherals. The user can "plug" in a peripheral device and "play" it without configur­ing the system manually. To implement this useful feature, both the BIOS that sup­ports PnP and a PnP expansion card are required.
POST (Power On Self Test) During booting up your system, the BIOS executes a series of diagnostic tests, include checking the RAM, the keyboard, the disk drives, etc., to see if they are properly connected and operating.
PS/2 Port
A type of port developed by IBM for connecting a mouse or keyboard to a PC. The PS/2 port supports a mini DIN plug containing just 6 pins. Most modern PCs equipped with PS/2 ports so that the special port can be used by another device, such as a modem.
USB (universal serial bus) A hardware interface for low-speed peripherals such as the keyboard, mouse, joystick, etc. USB provides a maximum bandwidth of 12 Mbit/sec (Mbps) for connecting up to 127 peripheral devices to PC. USB features hot swap capability and multiple data streams, allows external devices to be plugged in and unplugged without turning the system off.
Virus
A program or a piece of code that infects computer files by inserting in those files copies of itself. The virus code is buried within an existing program, and is activated when that program is executed. All the viruses are man-made, and often have damaging side effects.
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