MRC MDR-2 Operator's Manual

Operator’s Guide
Portable 2-Input Diversity Receiver
MDR-2
Manual Part No. 400526-1 Rev. B December 2007
Notices
Notices Notices-iMDR-2 Operator’s Guide
Part number 400526-1
Revision B December 2007
The information in this manual applies to the Microwave Radio Communications (MRC) MDR-2 Portable 2-Input Diversity Receiver system.
Copyright
The information in this manual may only be reproduced by the purchaser strictly for its own internal use to the extent required for its use of the product, and shall only be made available to purchaser's employees who need access to this material. No part of this material, nor any copies hereof, shall in any manner be disclosed, disseminated, or made available by the purchaser or its employees to any other person, firm, or entity without the express prior written consent of Microwave Radio Communications, nor shall the same in any manner be modified or published for resale without the express prior written authorization of Microwave Radio Communications.
© 2007 Microwave Radio Communications
Microwave Radio Communications
101 Billerica Avenue - Bldg. 6
North Billerica, MA 01862-1256 USA
TEL: 800.490.5700
978.671.5700
FAX: 978.671.5800
Printed in U.S.A.
Proprietary Material
The information and design contained within this manual was originated by and is the property of Microwave Radio Communications. Microwave Radio Communications reserves all patent proprietary design, manufacturing, reproduction use, and sales rights thereto, and to any articles disclosed therein, except to the extent rights are expressly granted to others. The foregoing does not apply to vendor proprietary parts.
Microwave Radio Communications has made every effort to ensure the accuracy of the material contained in this manual at the time of printing. As specifications, equipment, and this manual are subject to change without notice, Microwave Radio Communications assumes no responsibility or liability whatsoever for any errors or inaccuracies that may appear in this manual or for any decisions based on its use. This manual is supplied for information purposes only and should not be construed as a commitment by Microwave Radio Communications.
Quality Certification
Microwave Radio Communications is certified to ISO 9001:2000.
Authorized EU representative: Vislink PLC.
Notices Notices-iiMDR-2 Operator’s Guide
Conventions
Pay special attention to information marked in one of the following ways:
WARNING
Follow WARNINGS closely to prevent personal injury or death.
CAUTION
Follow CAUTIONS to prevent damage to the equipment.
Note
Notes provide additional information to assist you in using and maintaining the equipment.
Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment
The crossed out dustbin symbol on the product indicates that the product must not be disposed of with other waste at the end of its life cycle. Instead, it
is the user’s responsibility to dispose of the waste equipment by handing it over to a designated collection point for the recycling of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE). For more information about where you can drop off your waste equipment for recycling, please contact your local government office.
Except for this notification and the proper marking of products with the appropriate symbol, Microwave Radio Communications
disclaims responsibility for the disposal of its products per the WEEE directive.
Symbols Used
The following symbols are used on the equipment:
Symbol Meaning
WARNING: General Warning. Risk of Danger
WARNING: Risk of Electric Shock
CAUTION: Electrostatic Discharge. Possible Damage to Equipment
-OR-
Fuse - Identifies fuses or their location.
Frame or Chassis Ground - Identifies the frame or chassis terminal.
Earth Ground - Identifies the earth ground terminal
Protective Earth Ground - Identifies any terminal which is intended for connection to an external conductor for protection against electric shock in case of a fault, or the terminal on a protective earth electrode.
Notices Notices-iiiMDR-2 Operator’s Guide
On-Line Viewing
Text displayed as blue contains a hypertext link. Click on the
hypertext to jump to that destination. Click on the blue destination to return.
Warranty Information
Products Manufactured by MRC
a. Products manufactured by MRC are warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of two (2) years from date of delivery, as evidenced by MRC's packing slip or other transportation receipt (unless otherwise noted).
b. MRC's sole responsibility under this warranty will be to either repair or replace, at its option, any component which fails during the applicable warranty period because of a defect in material or workmanship, provided Buyer has promptly reported same to MRC in writing. All replaced products and parts will become MRC's property.
c. MRC will honor the warranty at the repair facility designated by MRC. It is Buyer's responsibility to return, at its expense, the allegedly defective product to MRC. Buyer must obtain a Return
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Material Authorization (RMA) number and shipping instructions from MRC prior to returning any product under warranty. Transportation charges for the return of the product to Buyer will be paid by MRC within the United States. For all other locations, the warranty excludes all costs of shipping, customs clearance and other related charges. If MRC determines that the product is not defective within the terms of this warranty, Buyer will pay MRC all costs of handling, transportation, and repairs at the then prevailing repair rates.
d. All the above warranties are contingent upon proper use of the product. These warranties will not apply (1) if adjustment, repair, or product or parts replacement is required because of accident, unusual physical, electrical or electromagnetic stress, neglect, misuse, failure of electric power, environmental controls, transportation, failure to maintain properly or otherwise in accordance with MRC specifications, or abuses other than ordinary use; (2) if the product has been modified by Buyer or has been repaired or altered outside MRC's repair facility, unless MRC specifically authorizes such repairs or alterations in each instance; or (3) where MRC serial numbers, warranty data or quality assurance decals have been removed or altered.
e. Equipment shipped FOB from Microwave Radio Communications shall become the property of the buyer upon delivery and receipt from the carrier. Any damage in shipment should be handled by the buyer directly with the carrier. Immediately request the carrier’s inspection upon evidence of damage during shipment. Do not return any Microwave Radio Communications product to the factory until a Return Material Authorization (RMA) number and shipping instructions have been provided.
f. No person, including any dealer, agent or representative of MRC is authorized to assume for MRC any other liability on its behalf except as set forth herein. If any payment is due MRC for
Notices Notices-ivMDR-2 Operator’s Guide
services performed hereunder, it will be subject to the same payment terms as the original purchase.
Products Manufactured By Others
For products not manufactured by MRC, the original manufacturer's or licensor's warranty will be assigned to Buyer to the extent permitted by the manufacturer or licensor and is in lieu of any other warranty, expressed or implied. For warranty information on a specific product, a written request should be made to MRC.
All Products
THE FOREGOING WARRANTIES AND REMEDIES ARE EXCLUSIVE AND ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, OBLIGATIONS, AND LIABILITIES ON THE PART OF MRC. EXCEPT FOR THE EXPRESS WARRANTIES STATED HEREIN, MRC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES ON PRODUCTS FURNISHED HEREUNDER, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. MRC WILL HAVE NO RESPONSIBILITY FOR ANY PARTICULAR APPLICATION MADE OF ANY EQUIPMENT.
Any description of equipment, whether in writing or made orally by MRC or its agents, specification sheets, models, bulletins, drawings, or similar materials used in connection with Buyer's order are for the sole purpose of identifying the equipment and will not be construed as an express warranty. Any suggestions by MRC or its agents regarding use, application, or suitability of the equipment will not be construed as an express warranty. No warranties may be implied from any course of dealing or usage of trade. Buyer agrees that the exclusion of all warranties, other than those expressly provided herein, is reasonable.
Contents
Contents Contents-1MDR-2 Operator’s Guide
Introduction - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-1
Chapter Overview - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-1 How to Use This Manual - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-1 What This Manual Covers - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-1 How They’re Organized - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-1 For Whom It’s Written - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-2 Related Documents - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-2 Ordering Documentation - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-2 Calling for Service - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-3 Supported Repairs - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-3 Tell Us What You Think! - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-3
Product Description- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-1
Chapter Overview - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-1 Description - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-1
Options - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-2 Power Options - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-2 Mounting and Deployment Options - - - - - - - - - - 2-2 System Integration - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-3
System Components - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-3
MDR-2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-3 Block Down Converters- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-4 STRATA RX Remote Control Panel - - - - - - - - - - 2-4 STRATA AC to DC Power Supply - - - - - - - - - - - 2-5
For More Information - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-5
Routine Operation - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-1
Chapter Overview - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-1 Overview of Controls, Indicators and Connectors - - - 3-1
MDR-2 Controls, Indicators, and Connectors - - - 3-1 Block Down Converter Indicators and Connectors 3-4 ACU Controls, Indicators, and Connectors - - - - - 3-5
Preparing for Operation - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-6
Mobile Installation - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-6 Portable Deployment - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-6
Powering the MDR-2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-9 Using the Display Screens - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-10 Monitoring Options - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-11
Monitoring Link Quality (LQ) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-12
LQ Action Levels - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-13
What Actions to Take- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-14
Monitoring Bit Error Ratio (BER) - - - - - - - - - - - 3-15
Monitoring Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)- - - - - - - 3-16 Control Operations - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-17
Changing a Preset- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-17
Setting a Channel and Offset - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-19
Set OFDM Bandwidth - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-20
Select DC On Coax - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-20 Front Panel vs. MDR Configuration Utility Settings - 3-21
Troubleshooting - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4-1
Chapter Overview - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4-1 Status LED - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4-1 Display Messages - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4-2 Error Codes - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4-3
Error Status - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4-3
Primary Error Code - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4-3 Operational Problems - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4-6
Channels and Frequencies - - - - - - - - - - - - - A-1
Appendix Overview - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A-1 Initial Factory Presets - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A-1
1.7 to 1.85 GHz Channel Plan - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A-1
1.9 to 2.2 GHz Channel Plan - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A-2
2.2 to 2.5 GHz Channel Plan - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A-2
2.3 to 2.7 GHz Channel Plan - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A-2
3.4 to 3.6 GHz Channel Plan - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A-2
3.4 to 3.8 GHz Channel Plan - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A-3
Contents Contents-2MDR-2 Operator’s Guide
3.5 to 3.9 GHz Channel Plan - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A-3
4.4 to 4.7 GHZ Channel Plan - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A-3
4.8 to 5.0 GHz Channel Plan - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A-4
US 2 GHz Reallocation - 12 MHz Channel Plan - - - - A-4
Glossary - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - B-1 Link Quality - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - C-1
Appendix Overview - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - C-1 Analog vs. Digital Systems - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - C-1 Understanding Link Quality - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - C-2
Description - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - C-2 The LQ Scale - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - C-2 LQ and Signal Quality - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - C-3 LQ Action Levels - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - C-3 What Actions to Take - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - C-4
Technical Background: LQ Factors - - - - - - - - - - - - - C-5
Received Signal Strength and Signal-to-Noise Ratio - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - C-5 Forward Error Correction - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - C-5 Guard Interval - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - C-5 Bandwidth - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - C-6 Bit Error Rate - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - C-6
Maximal Ratio Combining - - - - - - - - - - - - - - D-1
Appendix Overview - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - D-1 Antenna Correlation- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - D-1 Maximal Ratio Combining - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - D-1
Specifications - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - E-1
1
Introduction 1-1MDR-2 Operator’s Guide
Introduction
1.1 Chapter Overview
This chapter will introduce you to the Operator’s Guide - what it covers, how it’s organized, and for whom it’s written.
1.2 How to Use This Manual
This manual was prepared to be viewed on a Windows®-based PC. A pdf file for this manual is provided on the CD ROM delivered with each MDR-2 Portable 2-Input Diversity Receiver system. The CD ROM contains pdf files for the Operator’s Guide, the Technical Reference Manual, and the Quick Reference Cards. Hardcopies of the Operator’s Guide, the Technical Reference Manual, and the Quick Reference Cards are also delivered with each MDR-2.
Viewing of this manual on-line requires Acrobat® or Adobe® Reader®, Version 5.0 and later. Click on the following icon to download your FREE copy of Adobe® Reader®.
When viewing this manual on-line, text displayed as blue contains a hypertext link. Click on the blue hypertext link to jump to that destination. If the destination link is also blue, click on the blue destination link to return.
1.3 What This Manual Covers
This manual covers how to operate the MDR-2 Portable 2-Input Diversity Receiver system.
The MDR-2 system consists of the following:
Portable 2-Input Diversity Receiver
Two Block Down Converters
For mobile applications, such as in a vehicle or in an aircraft, the MDR-2 is usually mounted in a bulkhead or compartment. For portable operation, the MDR-2 can be mounted on a tripod.
The MDR-2 operates on DC power, supplied externally, from +10.5 to +36 VDC. This power can be supplied from an optional STRATA AC to DC Power Supply (ACU) or from another DC power source.
1.4 How They’re Organized
The manuals for the MDR-2 are organized as follows:
Chapter
Operator’s
Guide
Technical
Reference
Manual
Introduction
Product Description
Routine Operation
Troubleshooting
Introduction 1-2MDR-2 Operator’s Guide
Note
The Technical Reference Manual contains everything in the Operator’s Guide, plus additional technical content.
1.5 For Whom It’s Written
This manual is intended for use by personnel assigned to operate the MDR-2. Users of this manual should already be familiar with basic concepts of radio, video, and audio.
Advanced Operation
Installation
Repair
Replacement Parts
Theory of Operation
Channels & Frequencies
Glossary
Configurator Reference
Link Quality
Maximum Ratio Combining Techniques
Specifications
1.6 Related Documents
Portable 2-Input Diversity Receiver Technical Reference
Manual
(part no. 400527-1)
Portable 2-Input Diversity Receiver Quick Reference Card
(part no. 400528-1)
1.7 Ordering Documentation
Any of the above manuals may be ordered by contacting MRC Customer Service:
Business Hours: Monday - Thursday
8:00 AM - 7:00 PM Eastern Time (US)
(0800 - 1900 hrs US ET)
Friday
8:00 AM - 5:00 PM Eastern Time (US)
(0800 - 1700 hrs US ET)
Telephone: 800-490-5700 (Press 3)
978-671-5700 (Press 3)
Fax: 978-671-5948
E-mail customerservice@mrcbroadcast.com
When contacting Customer Service, please have the following information available:
Model number and serial number of the unit. This is
located on a label on the bottom of each unit
Approximate purchase date
Introduction 1-3MDR-2 Operator’s Guide
Radio version, which appears on the MDR-2 alphanumeric display at startup
- OR -
Module versions displayed on the Radio page of the MDR Configuration Utility, when the MDR Configuration Utility software is connected to the MDR-2
1.8 Calling for Service
MRC Technical Support is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. During regular business hours you can reach our expert staff directly.
Business Hours: Monday - Friday
8:00 AM - 7:00PM Eastern Time (US)
(0800 - 1900 hrs US ET)
Telephone: 800-490-5700 (Press 4)
978-671-5700 (Press 4)
Fax: 978-671-5948
E-mail: technicalsupport@mrcbroadcast.com
After regular business hours and on weekends and holidays, you can also reach our expert staff as follows:
Telephone: 978-671-5929
Your call will be automatically forwarded to the on-call Technical Support specialist.
When contacting Technical Support, please have the following information available:
Model number and serial number of the unit. This is located on a label on the bottom of each unit
Approximate purchase date
Radio version, which appears on the MDR-2 alphanumeric display at startup
- OR -
Module versions displayed on the Radio page of the MDR Configuration Utility, when the MDR Configuration Utility software is connected to the MDR-2
1.9 Supported Repairs
The MDR-2 and Block Down Converters require specialized test equipment to calibrate amplitude and frequency characteristics after repair. In addition, sealing the MDR-2 and the Block Down Converter enclosures after repair requires exacting techniques and special fixtures to ensure weather resistance of the units.
There are NO supported field repairs for either the MDR-2 or the Block Down Converters.
Return the entire unit(s) for factory repair.
If you attempt field repair, you risk damaging your equipment. If your equipment is under warranty, you may also
affect your warranty coverage.
1.10 Tell Us What You Think!
We’d appreciate any comments or suggestions you have about this manual. The more feedback we get, the better the manuals get!
Introduction 1-4MDR-2 Operator’s Guide
If you’re viewing this manual electronically, it’s easy - just click on the link below to send us an E-mail.
Or, you can E-mail our Technical Support team at:
technicalsupport@mrcbroadcast.com
Be sure to tell us what product you’re writing about, and which manual - the Operator’s Guide, the Quick Reference Card, or the Technical Reference Manual.
Feedback
2
Product Description 2-1MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
Product Description
2.1 Chapter Overview
This chapter provides an overall description of the MDR-2 Portable 2-Input Diversity Receiver system, its components, options, and capabilities.
Here are the topics covered:
Topic Page
Description
2-1
Options
2-2
Remote Control Options 2-2
Antenna Options
2-2
Frequency Bands 2-2
Block Down Converters 2-2
Power Options 2-2
Mounting and Deployment Options
2-2
Mobile Installation 2-2
Portable Deployment 2-3
System Integration
2-3
System Operation 2-3
System Configuration 2-3
System Components
2-3
MDR-2
2-3
Block Down Converters
2-4
STRATA RX Remote Control Panel 2-4
STRATA AC to DC Power Supply 2-5
For More Information 2-5
2.2 Description
The MDR-2 system is a highly reliable, flexible, and compact portable microwave diversity receiver ideal for tripod or mobile installations. The MDR-2 is ideal for Electronic News Gathering (ENG), Digital Video Broadcast (DVB), mobile communication, wireless airborne networks, and Outside Broadcast (OB) systems.
The MDR-2 system consists of the MDR-2 Portable 2-Input Diversity Receiver, two Block Down Converters, and optional omni antennas. See Figure 2-1.
Figure 2-1: MDR-2 System Block Diagram
Product Description 2-2MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
The MDR-2 architecture allows you flexibility in configuration, siting, and operation. MDR-2 key features are as follows:
Supports Maximal Ratio Combining (MaxRC) diversity technique
Utilizes two UHF inputs for tuning
MPEG decoding and COFDM demodulation
NTSC and PAL system decoding capabilities
Block Down Converters compatible with standard omni and directional antennas
2.2.1 Options
MDR-2 options (typically) consist of the following:
Remote Control Options For portable mobile or airborne
operations, the MDR-2 may be controlled by the optional STRATA RX Remote Control Panel. The STRATA Remote Control Panel is mounted in a mobile rack or in an aircraft instrument panel and is connected via an RS-232 cable between the Remote Control Panel and the MDR-2.
Antenna Options The MDR-2 is compatible with the MRC
family of omnidirectional receiver antennas. Contact your Sales Representative to explore antenna choices available.
Frequency Bands The MDR-2 can be ordered to operate on
the following frequency bands:
1.7 to 1.85 GHz 3.4 to 3.8 GHz
1.9 to 2.2 GHz 3.5 to 3.9 GHz
2.2 to 2.5 GHz 4.4 to 4.7 GHz
2.3 to 2.7 GHz 4.8 to 5.0 GHz
3.2 to 3.6 GHz
Block Down Converters MRC Block Down Converters are
available to operate in the following frequency bands.
1.7 to 1.85 GHz 3.4 to 3.8 GHz
1.9 to 2.2 GHz 3.5 to 3.9 GHz
2.2 to 2.5 GHz 4.4 to 4.7 GHz
2.3 to 2.7 GHz 4.8 to 5.0 GHz
3.2 to 3.6 GHz
The MDR-2 may only be used with the MRC Block Down Converters. The Block Down Converters must be ordered for the specific frequency band that you will be using for normal operation.
2.2.2 Power Options
The MDR-2 operates on +10.5 to +36.0 VDC power, supplied externally. This DC power can be supplied by the optional STRATA AC to DC Power Supply (ACU) or from another DC power source. Power to the Block Down Converters is provided via DC on coax from the MDR-2.
2.2.3 Mounting and Deployment Options
The MDR-2 offers a number of options for mobile or portable deployment applications.
For more details on installation of the MDR-2 in various applications, refer to the “Installation” Chapter on page 6-1 (part of the Portable 2-Input Diversity Receiver Technical Reference Manual only).
Mobile Installation For mobile applications such as in a vehicle
or an aircraft, the MDR-2 is usually mounted in an MRC fixed mounting bracket and is installed in a bulkhead or compartment.
Product Description 2-3MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
The cabling is permanently installed and power comes from vehicle or aircraft power.
Portable Deployment In portable applications, the MDR-2 will
be moved from place to place and set up each time and will usually be mounted on an MRC Quick Release Mount for easy attachment to an MRC tripod. The Quick Release Mount connects to a Dovetail Adapter Plate machined into the MRC tripod mount. Other mounting options are available.
Refer to the “Installation” Chapter on page 6-1 (part of the Portable 2-Input Diversity Receiver Technical Reference Manual only) for additional information.
Power, antenna, and audio/video connections are removed at the end of each deployment.
2.2.4 System Integration
System Operation Once the MDR-2 is connected and powered
up, system settings can be selected or modified from the MDR-2 front panel.
System Configuration The MDR-2 offers two levels of system
configurations designed to match the needs of different personnel.
For the field operator, the MDR-2 has up to nine Presets that can be selected from the front panel. Each Preset controls key parameters such as channel and bandwidth.
For the advanced operator and technical staff, the MDR Configuration Utility software allows complete control of parameters in the MDR-2. The MDR Configuration Utility software runs on a Windows-based PC and connects to the MDR-2 via an RS-232 null modem cable.
Interfacing a PC to the MDR-2 provides complete control of the MDR-2 Presets. You can read the current settings, program new
settings, or return the units to their factory default settings.
2.3 System Components
This section will provide more details about each of the components of a (typical) MDR-2 system:
MDR-2 Portable 2-Input Diversity Receiver
Block Down Converters
STRATA RX Remote Control Unit
STRATA AC to DC Power Supply (ACU)
For details on connections between the MDR-2 components, refer to the “Installation” Chapter on page 6-1 (part of the Portable 2-Input Diversity Receiver Technical Reference Manual only).
2.3.1 MDR-2
In telecommunications, diversity reception is one method of improving the reception of transmitted signals by receiving and processing multiple versions of the same signal.
The MDR-2, as shown in Figure 2-2, is a versatile, portable, digital diversity receiver system designed to accept two microwave radio signals. Using two MRC Block Down Converters, multipath microwave signals are received, combined, and converted to a single output signal.
Figure 2-2: MDR-2
MDR-2
Product Description 2-4MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
The MDR-2 utilizes two Block Down Converters and two separate antennas to receive transmitted signals. The Block Down Converters are connected to the MDR-2 SIGNAL A and SIGNAL B rear panel input connectors via coaxial cables. Only MRC Block Down Converters can be used with the MDR-2.
Using two omni receiving antennas helps eliminate multipath distortion. The diversity receiver receives the transmitted signal on two antennas having different locations.
In situations where one antenna might experience poor reception, the second antenna might not experience the same poor reception. By using the MDR-2 receiver system, the right antenna is chosen at the right moment and the MDR-2 operates as though it receives a continuous quality signal.
With the MDR-2 receiver system, each signal has an individual demodulator used to perform both the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and channel equalization processes. Each demodulator makes use of pilot carriers and other information about the input signal to assess the condition of each individual carrier within the COFDM spectrum. A weighting factor is then allocated relating to the degradation of that carrier.
A diversity algorithm is then used to assess the weighting factors for each input and can decide the ratio by which input carriers are combined to produce the final output signal. This allows re­construction of each individual carrier, providing the best possible signal after demodulation and before the subsequent error correction stages.
After demodulation and decoding, the receiver provides outputs consisting of composite video (CV), audio, and digitized data streams in ASI/SDI versions.
2.3.2 Block Down Converters
Two Block Down Converters, as shown in Figure 2-3, are used with the MDR-2 receiver system. Each Block Down Converter down-converts received RF frequency bands from 1.7 to 5.0 GHz to UHF bands of 448 to 861 MHz, a bandwidth of 413 MHz.
The Block Down Converter RF INPUT connector connects either directly or via a type “N” 50 ohm coaxial cable to an omni receiving antenna. The Block Down Converter IF OUTPUT connector connects to the MDR-2 INPUT A or INPUT B TNC connectors via 75 ohm coaxial cables. The coaxial cables supplies DC on coax from the MDR-2 to provide power to the Block Down Converter.
Figure 2-3: Block Down Converters
2.3.3 STRATA RX Remote Control Panel
For mobile or airborne operations, the STRATA RX Remote Control Panel, as shown in Figure 2-4 on page 2-5, provides simplified receive operations by allowing the operator to select pre-configured Presets, channels, and offsets, depending upon the required operating mode.
RF INPUT
PWR
A
B
BAND A/B
IF OUTPUT
Product Description 2-5MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
Figure 2-4: STRATA RX Remote Control Panel
The STRATA RX Remote Control Panel provides instrument panel remote control of the MDR-2 for vehicle or aircraft operations and features nine selectable Presets. The STRATA RX Remote Control Panel is connected to the MDR-2 via a standard null modem cable.
For additional information, refer to the STRATA Remote Control Panel Operator’s Guide (part no. 400489) or contact your Sales Representative.
2.3.4 STRATA AC to DC Power Supply
For fixed or portable deployment applications, the MDR-2 System may be powered by the optional STRATA AC to DC Converter (ACU). See Figure 2-5. The ACU is offered in several different models, each featuring different voltage output levels. For additional information, contact your Sales Representative.
The ACU installs as part of an integrated stack for either tripod or fixed applications.
Figure 2-5: STRATA AC to DC Power Supply
2.4 For More Information
Additional detailed technical information about the MDR-2 is contained in the Portable 2-Input Diversity Receiver Technical Reference Manual. Specific topics contained in the Portable 2­Input Diversity Receiver Technical Reference Manual are as follows:
Topic Chapter
MDR Configuration Utility Settings
See ”Advanced Operation” on page 5-1
Connections to other equipment
See ”Installation” on page 6-1
Installation See ”Installation” on page 6-1
Supported Repairs See ”Repair” on page 7-1
Repair Parts See ”Replacement Parts” on
page 8-1
Theory of Operation See ”Theory of Operation” on
page 9-1
OUTPUT
OUTPUT
< >
< >
DC
DC
Rear View
Front View
Product Description 2-6MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
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3
Routine Operation 3-1MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
Routine Operation
3.1 Chapter Overview
This chapter provides basic information that will enable you to operate your MDR-2 Portable 2-Input Diversity Receiver.
Here are the topics covered:
Topic Page
Overview of Controls, Indicators and Connectors
3-1
MDR-2 Controls, Indicators, and Connectors
3-1
Block Down Converter Indicators and Connectors
3-4
ACU Controls, Indicators, and Connectors
3-5
Preparing for Operation 3-6
Mobile Installation 3-6
Portable Deployment 3-6
Powering the MDR-2 3-9
Using the Display Screens 3-10
Monitoring Options 3-11
Control Operations 3-17
Changing a Preset 3-17
Setting a Channel and Offset 3-19
Set OFDM Bandwidth 3-20
Select DC On Coax 3-20
Front Panel vs. MDR Configuration Utility Settings
3-21
Information on settings made with the MDR Configuration Utility software can be found in the “Advanced Operation” Chapter on
page 5-1 (part of the Portable 2-Input Diversity Receiver
Technical Reference Manual only).
For a summary of settings that can be made with the MDR-2 front panel control switch and which settings are made using the MDR Configuration Utility software, see Section 3.7 on page 3-
21.
3.2 Overview of Controls, Indicators and Connectors
This section describes the controls, indicators, and connectors contained on the MDR-2 system.
3.2.1 MDR-2 Controls, Indicators, and Connectors
Controls, indicators, and connectors contained on the MDR-2 are identified and described below. Topics covered are as follows:
Topic Page
RS232 DB-9 Connector 3-2
Alphanumeric Display 3-2
Control Switch 3-2
Status LED 3-3
PWR Switch 3-3
DC ON COAX Switch 3-3
POWER Connector 3-4
Routine Operation 3-2MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
Each of these controls, indicators, and connectors are described in more detail in the following paragraphs. Controls, indicators, and connectors contained on the MDR-2 front panel are shown in Figure 3-1. Controls, fuses, and connectors contained on the MDR-2 rear panel are shown in Figure 3-2 on page 3-4.
Figure 3-1: Front Panel Controls, Indicators, and Connectors
RS232 DB-9 Connector The RS232 DB-9 connector provides
connections for factory test or to a Windows-based PC when using the MDR Configuration Utility software. The connector also provides Wayside data connections.
Alphanumeric Display The MDR-2 front panel contains a two-
line by 12-character alphanumeric display. The display works in conjunction with the control switch to allow you to monitor
SIGNAL OUT BNC Connector 3-4
ASI MON BNC Connector 3-4
INPUT A and INPUT B TNC Connectors
3-4
AUDIO Connector 3-4
MDR-2
RS232 Connector
Alphanumeric Display
Control Switch
Status LED
DC ON COAX Switch
PWR Switch
system status and to control system settings.
Control Switch Routine MDR-2 operating settings are
controlled by the front panel control switch. Turning the control switch right (cw) or left (ccw) displays status and settings, and pressing it in makes selections as described below:
Turning the control switch to the right (cw) displays the Monitor options. The Monitor options provide current status of the MDR-2, including:
Preset Number and Channel Frequency
Modulation, Bandwidth, Forward Error Correction, and Guard Interval
Bit Error Rates for Channels 1 and 2
Modulator Error Rates for Channels 1 and 2
Signal to Noise Ratio for Channels 1 and 2
COFDM Status (Lock or Unlock) for Channels 1 and 2
Transport Stream Status (Lock or Unlock)
Video Output Setting (Composite Video or SDI) and Video Data Status (Lock or Unlock)
Audio A Data Status (Lock or Unlock) and Audio Type (Analog/Digital, Stereo/Mono)
Audio B Data Status (Lock or Unlock) and Audio Type (Analog/Digital, Stereo/Mono)
Color Bar Generator Setting (On or Off)
System Errors.
Routine Operation 3-3MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
Turning the control switch to the left (ccw) displays the Command options. The Command options allow control of the MDR-2, including:
Changing the Preset
Setting the RF Channel
Setting the RF Band
Setting the COFDM Bandwidth
Selecting DC on Coax on or off for MRC Block Down Converters.
Pressing the control switch causes an
action to occur.
Command Options
If the displayed setting is Chng Preset, Set Channel, or Set OFDM BW, pressing the
control switch causes the displayed setting to blink. Turning the control switch cw or ccw then displays the other options for that setting. When the desired option is displayed, pressing the control switch selects that option.
If the displayed setting is CH1/CH2 Power, pressing the control switch selects the other option for that setting. The display will change back to the Main screen and the setting is automatically saved.
Monitor Options
Press the control switch to lock the display on this screen. Data on display will continue to update. Press the control switch again to unlock the display.
Status LED Located above the PWR switch is a multi-color
status LED. The LED indications are as follows:
WARNING
A Major Alarm may also indicate a potential safety hazard. Shut down the MDR-2 receiver and disconnect power.
PWR Switch The front panel PWR (power) switch controls
application of AC or DC power to the MDR-2.
DC ON COAX Switch The front panel DC ON COAX switch
allows you to power the MRC Block Down Converters from the MDR-2 using DC superimposed on the coaxial cables between the MDR-2 and the Block Down Converters.
To set the front panel DC ON COAX switch to superimpose DC on coax, rotate the switch until the switch screw slot points to the ON position. To disable DC power on coax, rotate the switch until the switch screw slot points to the OFF position.
LED Color Meaning
----- Power is not on in the unit.
Green Power is on and no errors are detected.
Amber Minor Alarm - Power is on but some part
of the system reports an abnormal condition that might impair performance.
Red Major Alarm - Power is on but there is a
failure or error that prevents normal operation.
Routine Operation 3-4MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
Figure 3-2: Rear Panel Controls, Indicators, and Connectors
POWER Connector The rear panel POWER connector of the
unit provides DC input power to the MDR-2.
SIGNAL OUT BNC Connector The SIGNAL OUT 75 ohm,
female, BNC connector provides composite video or SDI outputs from the unit.
ASI MON BNC Connector The ASI MON 75 ohm, female, BNC
connector provides the ASI signal monitoring output from the unit.
INPUT A and INPUT B TNC Connectors The INPUT A and
INPUT B 75 ohm, female, TNC connectors receive the UHF
signals from the two Block Down Converters and corresponding antennas.
To power the Block Down Converters, +9 VDC is superimposed on the coaxial cables from the MDR-2 INPUT A and INPUT B connectors to the Block Down Converters.
INPUT A INPUT B
POWER
AUDIO
SIGNAL OUT ASI MON
GEN LOCK
POWER Connector
SIGNAL OUT Connector
ASI MON Connector
INPUT A Connector
INPUT B Connector
AUDIO Connector
AUDIO Connector The 10-pin, circular, male AUDIO connector
provides the Audio A and Audio B outputs from the unit.
3.2.2 Block Down Converter Indicators and Connectors
Indicators and connectors contained on the MRC Block Down Converters (BDC) are identified and described below. Topics covered are as follows:
Each of the indicators and connectors are described in more detail in the following paragraphs. Indicators and connectors contained on the Block Down Converters are shown in Figure 3-
3 on page 3-5.
PWR LED The PWR (power) LED is on when power is applied
to the MDR-2 and DC on coax power is applied to the Block Down Converter.
A LED The A LED is on whenever power is applied to the Block
Down Converter, indicating Band A is selected for operation. (Only one band is currently available.)
B LED The B LED is not currently used.
Topic Page
PWR LED 3-4
A LED 3-4
B LED 3-4
IF OUTPUT Connector 3-5
RF INPUT Connector 3-5
Routine Operation 3-5MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
Figure 3-3: Block Down Converter Indicators and Connectors
IF OUTPUT Connector The 75 ohm, TNC, female, IF OUTPUT
connector provides the If output from the unit.
RF INPUT Connector The 50 ohm, type “N”, male, RF INPUT
connector provides the RF input from the antenna to the unit.
3.2.3 ACU Controls, Indicators, and Connectors
Controls, indicators, and connectors contained on the optional ACU are identified and described below. Topics covered are as follows:
Topic Page
AC INPUT Connector 3-5
POWER Switch 3-5
Power LED 3-6
RF INPUT
PWR
A
B
BAND A/B
IF OUTPUT
IF OUTPUT
Connector
RF INPUT Connector
PWR LED
A LED
B LED
Each of the controls, indicators, and connectors are described in more detail in the following paragraphs. Controls, indicators, and connectors contained on the ACU are shown in Figure 3-4.
AC INPUT Connector The AC INPUT connector mounted on
the rear panel of the unit provides external AC power to the unit.
POWER Switch The front panel POWER switch controls
application of DC power to the DC OUTPUT connector. When the switch is set to I (on), DC power is present at the DC OUTPUT connector. When set to 0 (off), no output DC power is present at the DC OUTPUT connector.
Figure 3-4: ACU Controls, Indicators, and Connectors
DC OUTPUT Connector 3-6
FUSE 3-6
OUTPUT
OUTPUT
< >
< >
DC
DC
Rear View
Front View
AC INPUT Connector
FUSE
POWER
Switch
DC OUTPUT Connector
POWER
LED
Routine Operation 3-6MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
Power LED The power LED is on when the POWER switch is
set to I (on), indicating DC power is available at the DC OUTPUT connector. The indicator is off when the POWER switch is set to 0 (off).
DC OUTPUT Connector Depending upon the model of your
ACU, the DC OUTPUT connector mounted on the front panel of the unit provides +15 VDC or +28 VDC to provide power to the MDR-2 receiver system.
FUSE The fuse provides overload protection for AC input power.
3.3 Preparing for Operation
Each installation or deployment will have its own specific tasks according to the application and the installed hardware.
3.3.1 Mobile Installation
For mobile applications such as aircraft or vehicle, the MDR-2 is usually mounted in a bulkhead or compartment using an MRC Fixed Mounting Bracket. See Figure 3-5. Mounting brackets are available to mount from one to three units.
Figure 3-5: Fixed Mounting Bracket - Typical
The cabling is permanently installed and power comes from aircraft or vehicle power.
3.3.2 Portable Deployment
For portable deployment situations, to mount an MDR-2 and its fixed mounting bracket to an MRC tripod, MRC offers a Quick Release Mount. See Figure 3-6. The Quick Release Mount is attached to the bottom of the Universal Mounting Bracket.
Figure 3-6: Quick Release on Tripod - Typical
Quick Release Mount
MRC Tripod Mount
Dovetail Adapter Plate (Machined)
Fixed Mounting Bracket
Routine Operation 3-7MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
Note
The versatility of the Quick Release Mount and a mating Dovetail Adapter Plate allows the Dovetail Adapter Plate to be attached to the bottom of the Universal Mounting Bracket and the Quick Release Mount to be attached to a non-MRC tripod, or vice versa.
For optional methods of attaching your MDR-2 to a non-MRC tripod, refer to the “Installation” Chapter
on page 6-1 (part of the Portable 2-Input Diversity
Receiver Technical Reference Manual only).
For portable deployment situations where you are mounting the MDR-2 to another type of tripod that doesn’t directly accept the MRC Quick Release Mount, consult with MRC or your tripod manufacturer. MRC has Dovetail Adapter Plates that will convert some types of tripods to accept the MRC Quick Release Mount.
For portable applications where the MDR-2 system will be moved from place to place and set up each time, the MDR-2 must be mounted in an MRC Universal Mounting Bracket. The Universal Mounting Bracket is attached to the Quick Release for easy mounting on an MRC tripod. See Figure 3-7.
Universal Mounting Brackets are required for each unit in the MDR-2 system, i.e., MDR-2 and an optional ACU. For applications using multiple units such as an MDR-2 and an ACU, a Mounting Plate is also used to provide additional stiffness.
See Figure 3-7. The Mounting Plate typically remains attached
between the Universal Mounting Bracket and the Quick Release Mount.
The cabling between the MDR-2 and the optional ACU is typically left in place. The power, antenna, and audio/video connections are usually removed at the end of each deployment.
Figure 3-7: Universal Mounting Bracket on Tripod - Typical
Note
The procedures and illustrations contained in the following paragraph are typical, reflecting use of an MRC tripod.
Mounting to the Tripod Following are general steps required to mount an MDR-2 system to an MRC Tripod. These steps assume the Quick Release Mount is already mounted on the Universal Mounting Bracket and the MDR-2 system is assembled onto its Universal Mounting Bracket.
Universal Mounting Bracket
Mounting Plate (Required for Multi-Unit Applications Only)
Quick Release Mount
MRC Tripod Mount (Typical)
Dovetail Adapter Plate (Machined)
Routine Operation 3-8MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
If the MDR-2 system includes an ACU, the procedure assumes the ACU is installed in its Universal Mounting Bracket and the Mounting Plate and Quick Release are completely assembled. The antennas must also be installed on their respective antenna mounts.
1. Attach the MDR-2 system to the tripod using the Quick Release Mount, as shown in Figure 3-8 and Figure 3-9
on page 3-9.
Figure 3-8: Attaching Quick Release to MRC Tripod - Typical
Note
Distance between antennas and cable types and lengths are critical when installing the antennas. Refer to the “Installation” Chapter on page 6-1 (part of the Portable 2-Input Diversity Receiver Technical Reference Manual only) for information on installation of the two antennas.
Quick
Release Mount
Tripod Mount
Dovetail Adapter Plate
2. Attach the Block Down Converters to the MDR-2 using coaxial cables from the MDR-2 INPUT A and INPUT B connectors to the two Block Down Converter IF OUTPUT connectors.
Install the antennas per the “Installation” Chapter on
page 6-1 (part of the Portable 2-Input Diversity
Receiver Technical Reference Manual only).
Attach the Block Down Converters to the antennas, either directly, or by using coaxial cables between the antennas and the Block Down Converter RF INPUT connectors.
If you are unsure of the connections, refer to the
“Installation” Chapter on page 6-1 (part of the Portable
2-Input Diversity Receiver Technical Reference Manual only).
Routine Operation 3-9MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
Figure 3-9: Complete MRC Tripod Installation - Typical
3. Connect the MDR-2 to DC power of the correct voltage and polarity.
If you’re using a STRATA ACU, connect the AC input to AC power and connect the DC output to the MDR-2.
If you are unsure of the power requirements or the connections, refer to the “Installation” Chapter on
Universal Mounting Brackets
ACU
MDR-2
Quick Release Mount
Tripod
Mounting Plate
page 6-1 (part of the Portable 2-Input Diversity
Receiver Technical Reference Manual only).
4. Connect the MDR-2 outputs to your audio and video equipment.
3.3.3 Powering the MDR-2
The procedures required to power up and power down the MDR­2 are contained in the following steps.
Power Up
CAUTION
To avoid possible equipment damage, turn off DC power on coax before connecting any test equipment.
1. Turn the front panel DC ON COAX switch until the switch screw slot points to ON.
2. Verify the power cable is properly connected to the MDR-2 rear panel power connector.
3. Verify all front and rear panel cables and connectors have been properly connected.
If you are unsure of the connections, refer to the
“Installation” Chapter on page 6-1 (part of the Portable
2-Input Diversity Receiver Technical Reference Manual only).
4. Connect the power cable to the power source.
If you are unsure of the power requirements or the connections, refer to the “Installation” Chapter on
page 6-1 (Part of the Portable 2-Input Diversity
Receiver Technical Reference Manual only).
Routine Operation 3-10MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
5. Verify the power source is turned on.
6. Set the front panel PWR switch to on ( I ).
7. The normal power-up sequence is as follows:
- The status LED above the PWR switch should illuminate and should change colors from red, to green, to amber, and finally to green and should remain green.
- The alphanumeric display should light up and quickly display the radio version and then the Main screen.
- Some typical screens are shown in Figure 3-10.
- The MDR-2 will typically power up using the last settings in use when power was turned off.
- If the MDR-2 does not power up normally, refer to the
“Troubleshooting” Chapter on page 4-1.
Figure 3-10: MDR-2 Power Up Screen - Typical
8. Rotate the front panel control switch ccw until the CH1 Power option is displayed.
9. Press the control switch to select Power On, as required. Observe the Main screen is displayed.
10. Rotate the control switch ccw until the CH2 Power option is displayed.
MDR-2
V X.X.X
-99.9 dBm LQ0
-99.9 dBm LQ0
Radio Version
Main Screen
11. Press the control switch to select Power On, as required. Observe the Main screen is displayed.
Power Down
1. Set the PWR switch to off ( 0 ).
2. Set the power source power to off.
3.4 Using the Display Screens
As you use the MDR-2, you will interact extensively with the screens displayed on the alphanumeric display. Following are some points to make this easier.
Main Screen The Main screen is your starting point for navigating through the Monitor and Control screens. The Main screen provides the current values of the Preset selected and the selected Preset output power level.
When the MDR-2 completes its power-up sequence, the Main screen will be displayed. A typical Main screen (with no detected input) is shown in Figure 3-11.
Figure 3-11: Main Screen - Typical
Accessing the Main Screen You can access the Main screen at any time by scrolling to the end of the screens you are viewing (either Monitor or Control). Your next click of the control switch will bring up the Main screen.
-99.9 dBm LQ0
-99.9 dBm LQ0
Channel 1 Stat us
Channel 2 Stat us
Routine Operation 3-11MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
Accessing the Monitor Screen You can access the Monitor screen at any time by turning the control switch clockwise (cw).
Accessing the Control Screen You can access the Control screen at any time by turning the control switch counter­clockwise (ccw).
Default to Main Screen If you do not turn or press the control switch within a period of approximately 7 seconds, the display will default to the Main screen.
If you turn the control switch within those 7 seconds, you will continue scrolling within that set of screens (Monitor or Control).
3.5 Monitoring Options
MDR-2 monitoring options displayed on the Monitor screens are accessed by rotating the control switch ccw. Monitor screen options that can be viewed on the front panel display fall under three categories, as follows:
•Detected:
- Values that are automatically sensed by the MDR-2 to match transmitter settings
•Settings:
- Values that are configured in the MDR-2 and must be manually set to match transmitter settings either via the front panel control switch or via the MDR Configuration Utility software
•Derived:
- Values that are calculated by the MDR-2 based upon the characteristics of the incoming signal
Monitor screen options that can be viewed on the front panel are as follows:
•Detected:
- Modulation, Bandwidth, Forward Error Correction (FEC), and Guard Interval (GI)
- COFDM Status (Locked or unlocked) for Channels 1 and 2
- Transport Stream Status (Locked or Unlocked)
- Audio A Data Status (Locked or Unlocked) and Audio Type (Analog/Digital, Stereo/Mono)
- Audio B Data Status (Locked or Unlocked) and Audio Type (Analog/Digital, Stereo/Mono)
- System Errors
Settings:
- Preset Number and Channel Frequency
- Video Output Setting (Composite Video or SDI) and Video Data Locked Status (Yes or No)
- Color Bar Generator Setting (On or Off)
•Derived:
- Received Carrier Level (RCL)
- Link Quality (LQ)
- Bit Error Rates for Channels 1 and 2
- Modulator Error Rates for Channels 1 and 2
- Signal to Noise Ratio for Channels 1 and 2
Once the MDR-2 is set up and powered up, you will be able to check its configuration and monitor its operation by rotating the control switch cw. No setting changes may be made to the Monitoring screens using the control switch.
Refer to Figure 3-12 on page 3-12 for the Monitor Menu Map.
Routine Operation 3-12MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
Figure 3-12: Monitor Menu Map
-45.0 dBm LQ6
-40.0 dBm LQ6
MER 20.5 dB MER 20.5 dB
OFDM1 Lock OFDM2 Lock
Preset #1
2016.500MHz
SNR 20.5 dB SNR 20.5 dB
Trans Lock
COQPSK Auto FE1/2 GI1/8
BER 2.0E-7 BER 2.0E-7
Video Out CV Lock
Aud A Lock Analog Mono
Aud B Lock Analog Mono
ClrBar OFF
No Errors
3.5.1 Monitoring Link Quality (LQ)
One of the key differences between analog and digital transmission is how the receiving system reacts to degrading signal quality.
Digital Systems In a digital system, degrading signal quality initially has no effect on the video and audio. Error-correction algorithms correct the errors, and video remains clean.
As the signal quality continues to deteriorate, it reaches a point when the algorithms cannot correct all the errors. As the errors get worse, the MPEG decoder will be unable to construct an image, and video will suddenly be lost.
Operators sometimes refer to this sudden loss of video, with little or no apparent warning, as “falling off a cliff”.
Link Quality MRC has developed the Link Quality indicator to give you the “early warning” of an analog system. Link Quality monitors several key parameters and uses proprietary algorithms to derive one simple indication of digital signal quality.
The Link Quality algorithms report one Link Quality (LQ) result, scaled from 0 to 9 as shown in Table 3-1 on page 3-13.
For more information on Link Quality, refer to the “Link Quality”
Appendix on page C-1.
Routine Operation 3-13MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
Table 3-1: Link Quality Levels
LQ
Reading
Link Quality Description
9 Excellent Link Quality - COFDM link is very robust
with ample ability to correct for degradation.
8 Very Good Link Quality - COFDM link is robust for
the given environment.
7Standard Link Quality - COFDM link is acceptable
for current environment.
6Average Link Quality - COFDM link is average -
might improve or worsen.
5 Below Average Link Quality - COFDM link is
marginal, not dependable.
3, 4 Poor Link Quality - COFDM link is unstable -
quality is intermittent and unpredictable.
1, 2 Unsatisfactory Link Quality - COFDM link is not
locked.
0 No signal detected.
Checking Link Quality To check Link Quality, perform the following steps:
Blinking LQ If the LQ reading is blinking on the screen, this indicates that the LQ has dropped to 4 or below, sometime within the last 2 minutes. The blinking will automatically stop when 2 minutes have elapsed with an LQ maintained above 4.
3.5.2 LQ Action Levels
Table 3-2 on page 3-14 describes the actions we recommend at
various LQ levels. These are a good initial guide. You should adjust what you do based on your experience.
Be sure MDR-2 is connected and powered.
See ”Powering the MDR-
2” on page 3-9.
Link Quality is displayed on the Main screen.
To lock this screen on the display, perform the following:
Press the control switch to lock the display on this screen. Data on display will continue to update.
To allow the display to show other screens, perform the following:
Press the control switch to unlock the display.
Display changes back to the Main screen.
-43.2 dBm LQ6
-43.2 dBm LQ6
Routine Operation 3-14MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
3.5.3 What Actions to Take
To improve the Link Quality, we suggest the following general sequence of actions. You should develop your own action plan so you’re prepared in case LQ begins to fall.
1. Optimize RCL.
- No signal: Check channel and frequency - be sure they match the transmitted signal.
- If RCL is -70 dBm or lower, the signal is weak. Reposition transmit and receive antennas, or increase transmit power if possible.
Table 3-2: Actions at Link Quality Levels
LQ
Reading
LInk Quality
Description
Recommended Action
9 Excellent Link
Quality
None required.
Most transmissions are made with LQ of about 7.
8 Very Good Link
Quality
7 Standard Link
Quality
6Average Link
Quality
Begin to take action.
5 Below Average
Link Quality
Rapidly take additional actions.
3, 4 Poor Link Quality Immediately take all available
actions.
1, 2 Unsatisfactory
Link Quality
0 No signal
detected.
- An RCL of -40 to -30 dBm is ideal.
- RCL should be less than -25 dBm. Signals stronger than this can overload the MDR-2 and actually make the demodulated signal quality worse.
2. Optimize SNR
- If RCL is OK, but SNR is low (13 -15 dB or less), there may be electrical equipment (or other transmitters) in the immediate area creating noise.
- Try other channels and offsets to avoid other transmitters.
- Isolate noise sources by shutting down other equipment.
3. Optimize BER
- No signal: Check the COFDM BW setting to be sure it matches the incoming signal.
- Change transmit settings to make the link more robust. You will achieve a lower Data Transfer Rate as you do so. See Table 3-3 on page 3-15.
Note - Factory default settings are highlighted in bold font.
- The receiver will automatically adjust for the new settings.
Note - BW must be manually set to match the transmitter.
Routine Operation 3-15MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
3.5.4 Monitoring Bit Error Ratio (BER)
One useful indicator of digital signal quality is the Bit Error Ratio (BER). The BER is calculated as:
The way the MDR-2 displays BER information provides a good indication of the unit’s overall performance.
Channel 2 (the bottom row on the display) displays the BER value before any error correction is applied and before any diversity algorithms are applied, therefore giving you the performance of a single channel receiver.
Channel 1 (the top row on the display) provides the actual BER value after the diversity algorithms and the error correction are
Table 3-3: Setting Changes to Improve Link Quality
Link Capability
Least
Robust
Most
Robust
Modulation 64 QAM 16QAM QPSK
FEC 7/8 5/6 3/4 2/3
1/2
GI 1/32 1/16
1/8 1/4
BW
8 MHz 7 MHz 6 MHz
Note - Receiver BW must be manually set to match transmitter.
Highest Lowest
Data Transfer Rate
Factory Default Settings are highlighted in bold font.
Error Bits Detected / Total bits received
applied. You are then able to monitor both single channel and dual channel receiver performance at the same time.
These would appear on the BER Monitor screen as:
Using BER BER is one of the key components in MRC’s Link Quality indicator. It also can be used on its own to help alert the operator to deteriorating signal quality.
As signal quality degrades, the FEC algorithms will be able to correct any errors, and the Post-Viterbi BER will be maintained at 0. Video and audio will be undisturbed.
As the signal continues to degrade, at some point the FEC algorithms will reach the limit of errors they can correct. The uncorrected errors will then appear in the Post-Viterbi BER. These Post-Viterbi errors are a warning sign, even though the video may still be acceptable.
If the Post-Viterbi BER becomes too large, the MPEG decoder will be unable to make sense of the data, and video will be lost.
Monitoring the BER screen will help you be aware of this signal degradation so you can take corrective action.
To access the BER Monitor screen, perform the following steps:
Be sure MDR-2 is connected and powered.
See ”Powering the MDR-2” on page 3-
9.
Start at the Main screen.
BER 0.0E-7
BER 0.0E-7
-43.2 dBm LQ6
-43.2 dBm LQ6
Routine Operation 3-16MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
3.5.5 Monitoring Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)
Another useful indicator of digital signal quality is the Signal-to­Noise Ratio (SNR). SNR is a ratio expressed in dB, and calculated as:
To access the SNR Monitor screen, perform the following steps:
Turn the control switch clockwise until the display shows the BER Monitor screen. It will be similar to this:
To lock this screen on the display, perform the following:
Press the control switch to lock the display on this screen. Data on display will continue to update.
To allow the screen to default normally to the Main screen, perform the following:
Press the control switch to unlock the display.
Display changes back to the Main screen.
BER 0.0E-7
BER 0.0E-7
Overall Signal Strength / Detected Noise
Be sure the MDR-2 is connected and powered.
See ”Powering the MDR-
2” on page 3-9.
Start at the Main screen.
Turn the control switch clockwise until the display shows the SNR Monitor screen. It will be similar to this:
To lock this screen on the display, perform the following:
Press the control switch to lock the display on this screen. Data on display will continue to update.
To allow the screen to default normally to the Main screen, perform the following:
Press the control switch to unlock the display.
Display changes back to the Main screen.
-43.2 dBm LQ6
-43.2 dBm LQ6
SNR 20.78 dB SNR 20.68 dB
Routine Operation 3-17MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
3.6 Control Operations
This section describes how to configure your MDR-2 using the front panel control switch. Turning the control switch ccw controls MDR-2 functions including changing Presets, setting channels, selecting high or low band operation, and selecting bandwidth. DC on coax power may be turned on or off, as required, to power the MRC Block Down Converters.
Here are the tasks described:
Refer to Figure 3-13 on page 3-18 for the Command Menu Map.
See ”Front Panel vs. MDR Configuration Utility Settings” on page 3-21 for a summary of settings that can be changed using
the front panel control switch and those that are made using the MDR Configuration Utility software.
Topic Page
Changing a Preset 3-17
Setting a Channel and Offset
3-19
Set OFDM Bandwidth 3-20
Select DC On Coax 3-20
3.6.1 Changing a Preset
The MDR-2 is designed to enable you to control operating settings through Presets stored in the MDR-2. The MDR-2 is shipped with factory Presets and can be customized for the user.
Your MDR-2 can be pre-configured with up to 9 Presets. Each Preset contains most of the operating settings needed to control the unit. System Presets can only be defined and changed using the MDR Configuration Utility software. Presets cannot be defined or changed from the MDR-2 front panel.
Routine Operation 3-18MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
Figure 3-13: Command Menu Map
-45.0 dBm LQ6
-40.0 dBm LQ6
Chng Preset Preset #3
Select Preset 1 thru 9
Set Channel Ch 2
Select Channel 1 thru 10 (up to 22 max.)
Set RF Band Low Band
Set OFDM BW Auto
Select Auto, 6, 7, or 8 MHz
CH1 Power Power On
Select Power On or Power Off
CH2 Power Power On
Select Power On or Power Off
Factory set for “Low Band” or “High Band”
Routine Operation 3-19MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
Notes
When a Preset is changed, the channel does not change.
When a channel is changed, the Preset does not change.
To change Presets, perform the following steps:
1. Verify the MDR-2 is connected and powered up.
2. Observe the Main screen is displayed. See Figure 3-
14.
Figure 3-14: Main Screen - Typical
3. Turn the control switch ccw until the display reads
Chng Preset.
4. Press the control switch to select Chng Preset. See
Figure 3-15.
Figure 3-15: Change Preset Screen - Typical
5. Observe the current Preset setting begins to blink.
6. Turn the control switch cw or ccw until the desired Preset is displayed.
7. Press the control switch once to select that Preset.
8. Observe the display changes back to the Main screen after a short delay.
-45.5 dBm LQ6
-40.5 dBm LQ6
Chng Preset Preset 3
Blinking
3.6.2 Setting a Channel and Offset
The MDR-2 channel and offset can be selected from the front panel and can be configured for operation on 1 to 10 (14 or 22) channels. For more information, see the “Channels and
Frequencies” Appendix on page A-1.
The frequencies assigned to each channel must be configured using the MDR Configuration Utility software. The frequencies cannot be changed from the MDR-2 front panel.
Notes
When a channel is changed, the Preset does not change.
When a Preset is changed, the channel does not change.
To change the channel frequency and offset, perform the following steps:
1. Verify the MDR-2 is connected and powered up.
2. Observe the Main screen is displayed. See Figure 3-
16.
Figure 3-16: Main Screen - Typical
3. Turn the control switch ccw until the display reads Set
Channel.
4. Press the control switch to select Set Channel. See
Figure 3-17 on page 3-20.
-45.5 dBm LQ6
-40.5 dBm LQ6
Routine Operation 3-20MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
Figure 3-17: Set Channel - Typical
5. Observe the current Channel setting begins to blink.
6. Turn the control switch cw or ccw until the desired channel and offset is displayed.
7. Press the control switch once to select the required channel and offset.
8. Observe the display changes back to the Main screen after a short delay.
3.6.3 Set OFDM Bandwidth
The procedure required to select the OFDM bandwidth is contained in the following steps.
1. Verify the MDR-2 is connected and powered up.
2. Observe the Main screen is displayed. See Figure 3-
18.
Figure 3-18: Main Screen - Typical
3. Turn the control switch ccw until the display reads Set OFDM BW.
4. Press the control switch to select Set OFDM BW. See
Figure 3-19.
Set Channel Ch +2
-45.5 dBm LQ6
-40.5 dBm LQ6
Figure 3-19: Set OFDM Bandwidth - Typical
5. Observe the current bandwidth setting begins to blink.
Note
In the following step, the Auto option only operates on 6 MHz or 8 MHz input signals.
6. Turn the control switch cw or ccw to select 6 MHz, 7 MHz, 8 MHz, or Auto, as required.
7. Press the control switch once to select the bandwidth.
8. Observe the display changes back to the Main screen after a short delay.
3.6.4 Select DC On Coax
The procedure required to apply DC on coax to power the Block Down Converters or to shut off DC on coax is contained in the following steps.
This procedure must be performed on both channel 1 and channel 2. DC on coax power must be on or off for both channels.
CAUTION
To avoid possible equipment damage, turn off DC power on coax before connecting any test equipment.
To prevent damage to any connected test equipment, there is a two-stage process to turn on DC power to the coax cables. To enable DC on coax, both of the following must be performed:
Set OFDM BW 7 MHz
Routine Operation 3-21MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
The front panel DC ON COAX switch must be set to the ON position
The system must be configured to have DC on coax power by selecting both the CH1 Power and CH2 Power Power On options on the Control screen.
1. Verify the MDR-2 is connected and powered up.
2. Observe the Main screen is displayed. See Figure 3-
20.
Figure 3-20: Main Screen - Typical
3. Turn the control switch ccw until the display reads CH1
Power. See Figure 3-21.
Figure 3-21: Change DC on Coax Power - Typical)
4. Press the control switch to select Power On or Power
Off, as required.
5. Observe the Main screen is displayed.
6. Turn the control switch ccw until the display reads CH2
Power. See Figure 3-22.
-45.5 dBm LQ6
-40.5 dBm LQ6
CH1 Power
Power Off
Figure 3-22: Change DC on Coax Power - Typical
7. Press the control switch to select Power On or Power Off, as required.
8. Observe the Main screen is displayed.
3.7 Front Panel vs. MDR Configuration Utility Settings
The design of the MDR-2 and MDR Configuration Utility software makes commonly available settings accessible from the MDR-2 front panel switches and alphanumeric display and more advanced settings accessible through the MDR Configuration Utility software.
A summary of settings that can be controlled from the front panel and by the MDR Configuration Utility software is shown in Table
3-4.
Table 3-4: Front Panel vs. Configuration Utility Setting
Parameter
Available
Settings
Set
Using
Control
Switch
Set Using
Configuration
Utility
Radio
Preset in use 1, 2,... 9
Channel 1 thru 10 (14
or 22)
Offset -, 0, +, ++
CH2 Power
Power Off
Routine Operation 3-22MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
Channel and Offset Frequencies
Depends upon band
RF Band in Use
Low Band
High Band
Factory­Configured Only
Frequencies Assigned to High and Low Bands
Depends upon band
Factory­Configured Only
CH 1 Power (DC on Signal Input)
Power On
Power Off
CH 2 Power (DC on Signal Input)
Power On
Power Off
Presets
Preset Name Any 12
alphanumeric characters
Operation Mode
MPEG CV Out
SDI Output
Bandwidth • 6 MHz
•7 MHz
•8 MHz
•Auto
Table 3-4: Front Panel vs. Configuration Utility Setting
Parameter
Available
Settings
Set
Using
Control
Switch
Set Using
Configuration
Utility
BISS Encryption
•OFF
•BISS-1
•BISS-E
PID Settings PCR PID
•DATA PID
•Video PID
Audio PID A/B
NTSC Pedestal
•On
•Off
Color Bars ON
•OFF
Audio Output AES/EBU
Analog
Audio A Output Level
Value limits are 0.0 to 6.0 dB in 0.1 dB increments.
Audio B Output Level
Value limits are 0.0 to 6.0 dB in 0.1 dB increments.
Table 3-4: Front Panel vs. Configuration Utility Setting
Parameter
Available
Settings
Set
Using
Control
Switch
Set Using
Configuration
Utility
Troubleshooting 4-1MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
Troubleshooting
4.1 Chapter Overview
This chapter describes how to troubleshoot your MDR-2 Portable 2-Input Diversity Receiver system.
Here are the topics covered:
Topic Page
Status LED
4-1
Display Messages
4-2
Error Codes
4-3
Operational Problems
4-6
4.2 Status LED
Above the MDR-2 front panel PWR switch is a multi-color status LED that provides unit status indications. The status LED indications are listed in Table 4-1.
WARNING
A Major Alarm may also indicate a potential safety hazard. Shut down the MDR-2 and disconnect power.
Table 4-1: Status LED Indications
LED
Color
Meaning Suggested Action
----- Power is not on in the unit. Turn on power.
Green Power is on and no errors
are detected.
None.
Amber Minor Alarm - Power is on
but some part of the system reports an abnormal condition that requires attention. Condition might impair performance.
Check Monitor Screens for error messages or Error Codes. Troubleshoot using tables in this chapter.
Red Major Alarm - Power is on
but there is a serious failure or error that will prevent normal operation. The internal processors are not running.
Turn off unit and disconnect power.
Call MRC Technical Support.
Troubleshooting 4-2MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
4.3 Display Messages
One of the ways the MDR-2 will alert you to problems is by error messages on the MDR-2 front panel displays. These are displayed on the Monitor Screens.
.
Table 4-2: Display Messages
Message Meaning Suggested Operator Action Suggested Technical Staff Action
Not On Chnl Channel frequencies
defined in the Channel Plan for that band are not being recognized.
Check settings of MDR-2 using front panel display. Verify the correct channel is selected and the frequency set for that channel is correct.
Use MDR-2 Configuration Utility software to check settings. Check the Channel Plan to be sure it is correct. Verify Channel Plan matches the transmitter settings.
If message persists even when operating on a frequency that matches the channel plan, unit may have suffered internal failure. Call MRC Technical Support.
COFDM UNLOCK, TRANS UNLOCK, VIDEO UNLOCK, or AUDIO UNLOCK
The MDR-2 is unable to lock to the incoming signal.
Check cable connection between antenna and MDR-2 .
Check for correct operation mode.
Check Error code screen for errors.
Check settings of MDR-2. Verify settings match the transmitter, specifically frequency and COFDM bandwidth.
Take actions to optimize RCL, SNR, MER, and BER.
Use MDR-2 Configuration Utility software to check settings.
If message persists, unit may have suffered internal failure. Call MRC Technical Support.
See Table 4-2 for descriptions of the messages and what to do
when they appear.
Troubleshooting 4-3MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
4.4 Error Codes
The MDR-2 has a library of diagnostic error codes to help you pinpoint any problems.
These error codes:
Are displayed on the front panel display, on the Error Code Screen
Are reported and displayed by the MDR Configuration Utility software, using the Monitor function on the Main page
Cause the status LED to glow amber, alerting you to investigate the problem
The Error Codes are formatted into 2 groups of characters, as shown in Figure 4-1.
Figure 4-1: Error Code Format
E020 4C
Primary Error Code
Identifies error condition.
See ”Error Status”.
Error Status
Depends on error code.
See ”Primary Error Code”.
Unit ID
Identifies unit reporting the error. In this case, C = MDR-2
4.4.1 Error Status
The significance of the Error Status digit depends on what Primary Error Code is being reported. See Table 4-3.
4.4.2 Primary Error Code
The first group of characters is the Primary Error Code. In most cases this portion of the Error Code will uniquely identify the problem.
See Table 4-4 on page 4-4 for descriptions of the error codes
and what to do when they appear.
Table 4-3: Error Status Digit
Status Digit Meaning
Status Error (Error Codes E120 - E122)
8 There is an error.
Parameter Error (Error Codes E1F1 - E1FA)
4 Value is too low.
8 Value is too high.
Troubleshooting 4-4MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
Table 4-4: Primary Error Codes
Error Code
Meaning Suggested Operator Action Suggested Technical Staff Action
Status Errors
(Some part of System is reporting an abnormal condition.)
E120 MPEG Transport Stream
Lock Alarm
Check to ensure transmitter is operating. If not transmitting, this alarm is normal as there is no signal to lock on to.
Check connections between MDR-2, Block Down Converters, and antennas.
Check settings of MDR using Control and Monitor screens. The settings must match transmitter settings.
Take actions to optimize RCL, SNR, MER, and BER.
Contact technical staff.
Use the MDR Configuration Utility software to check settings. make sure all settings match transmitter settings.
Use the MDR Configuration Utility software to re­program all radio settings.
If problem persists, possible hardware failure has occurred. Call MRC Technical Support.
E121 MPEG Video Lock Alarm
E122 MPEG PCR Lock Alarm
Parameter Errors
(Some internal parameter is outside of allowable limits.)
E1F1 MDR 5.5 Volt Line Error Check for error codes E159 thru
E15B. Correct power problem
Make certain all power cables are properly connected.
Contact technical staff.
If errors persist with correct power connected, possible hardware failure has occurred. Call MRC Technical Support.
E1F1 MDR +12 Volt Line Error
E1F3 MDR -12 Volt Line Error
Troubleshooting 4-5MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
E1F4 MDR Temperature Error Check MDR-2 to make sure it is not
too close to sources of heat. Relocate unit if necessary.
Verify MDR-2 has sufficient room around it for air circulation. Move objects away that are preventing sufficient air flow.
Contact technical staff.
If errors persist with proper location and airflow and correct power is connected, possible hardware failure has occurred. Call MRC Technical Support.
E1F8 MDR Circular Connector
Current Error
Verify all power cables are connected properly and are not damaged.
Contact technical staff.
If errors persist with correct power connected, possible hardware failure has occurred. Call MRC Technical Support.
E1F9 MDR Circular Connector
Voltage Error
E1FA MDR Circular Connector
Power Error
Table 4-4: Primary Error Codes
Error Code
Meaning Suggested Operator Action Suggested Technical Staff Action
Troubleshooting 4-6MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
4.5 Operational Problems
Information provided on the following pages will assist you in troubleshooting problems that arise in the operation of your MDR-2 .
Table 4-5: Video Problems
Problem Possible Cause Suggested Operator Action Suggested Technical Staff Action
No Video Problem with video source
and cabling
Check video source and cabling Check video source and cabling.
Use the Color Bar generator function of the MDR-2 for problems on the receiving end. Turn on Color Bar option using MDR Configuration Utility on the MPEG page.
Channel and frequency settings of MDR-2 do not match settings of transmitter
Check settings of MDR-2 using front panel Monitor and Control screens. Channel, offset, and frequency must match the transmitter.
Use MDR Configuration Utility to check settings. Verify all settings match the transmitter settings.
COFDM not locked Check COFDM Monitor screen. If
not locked, check COFDM bandwidth setting. Bandwidth must match with incoming signal.
Use MDR Configuration Utility to check bandwidth settings. Verify all bandwidth settings match the transmitter settings.
Video configuration incorrect
Check video settings using Monitor and Control screens. Settings must match transmitter settings.
Use MDR Configuration Utility to check video settings. Verify all video settings match the transmitter settings.
For video problems, see Table 4-5; for audio problems, see
Table 4-6 on page 4-8; and for general system problems, see Table 4-7 on page 4-9.
Troubleshooting 4-7MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
Poor Video Quality Low quality due to
interference or weak signal
Take actions to boost RCL, improve SNR, and improve BER and MER.
Video configuration incorrect
Check video settings using Monitor and Control screens. Specifically check Video Deviation. Settings must match transmitter settings.
Use MDR Configuration Utility to check video settings. Verify all video settings match the transmitter settings.
Video signal level is too high at transmitter
Check video signal - should be 1 V p-p.
If Unit is Enabled for Optional BISS Decryption
No Video BISS Decryption not
operating
Use MDR Configuration Utility to check BISS settings. Be sure BISS key and/or ID match the transmitter settings.
Table 4-5: Video Problems
Problem Possible Cause Suggested Operator Action Suggested Technical Staff Action
Troubleshooting 4-8MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
Table 4-6: Audio Problems
Problem Possible Cause Suggested Operator Action Suggested Technical Staff Action
No Audio in One or More Channels
Problem with audio source or cabling
Check audio source and cabling.
One or more audio channels turned off.
Check audio setup using Monitor screens. Verify all channels being used are set to ON.
Use Monitor Radio function of MDR Configuration Utility software to identify which channel is not working.
Check audio configuration using MDR Configuration Utility software on the MPEG page. Verify all channels being used are set to ON.
Audio configuration incorrect
Check audio setup using Monitor screens. Verify all audio settings match transmitter.
Use Monitor Radio function of MDR Configuration Utility software to identify which channel is not working.
Check audio configuration using MDR Configuration Utility software on the MPEG page. Settings must match both incoming signals and wiring of the MDR-2 audio connections.
Channel and frequency settings of MDR-2 do not match settings of transmitter
Check settings of MDR-2 using Monitor and Control screens. Channel, offset, and frequency must match the transmitter.
Use MDR Configuration Utility software to check settings. Verify all settings match the transmitter settings.
Audio is Weak or Distorted Audio configuration is
incorrect
Check audio setup using Monitor screens. Verify all settings match transmitter.
Use Monitor Radio function of MDR Configuration Utility software to identify which channel is not working.
Check audio configuration using MDR Configuration Utility software on the MPEG page. Settings must match both incoming signal and wiring of MDR-2 audio connections.
Troubleshooting 4-9MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
DVB-S Audio Not Being Received
MDR-2 does not currently support DVB-S audio
Re-configure link to use another audio format.
Linear Audio Not Being Received
MDR-2 does not currently support linear audio
Re-configure link to use another audio format.
If Unit is Enabled for Optional BISS Decryption
No Audio in One or More Channels
BISS Decryption not operating
Use MDR Configuration Utility software to check BISS settings. Verify BISS key and/or ID match the transmitter settings.
Table 4-7: General Problems
Problem Possible Cause Suggested Operator Action Suggested Technical Staff Action
Status LED on MDR-2 is yellow, not green
MDR-2 is indicating a minor alarm
Check all Monitor screens. Look for messages such as “RF NOT FOUND” or “UNLOCKED”.
Check Error Code screen.
Error messages: Troubleshoot per
Section 4.3 on page 4-2.
Error codes: Troubleshoot per Section 4.4 on
page 4-3.
Status LED on MDR-2 is red, not green
MDR-2 is indicating a major alarm
TURN OFF POWER and call for service.
Call MRC Technical Support.
Can’t find chroma settings None. Chroma is automatically
set to match incoming signal, but setting does not appear on any Monitor screen.
None. Chroma is automatically set to match incoming signal, but setting does not appear on any MDR Configuration Utility software page.
Unable to configure or select Service Name and Service Number
MDR-2 does not currently support Service Name functionality.
Table 4-6: Audio Problems
Problem Possible Cause Suggested Operator Action Suggested Technical Staff Action
Troubleshooting 4-10MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
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A
Channels and Frequencies A-1MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
Channels and Frequencies
A.1 Appendix Overview
This Appendix presents the optional channels and frequencies that were programmed into your MDR-2 Portable 2-Input Diversity Receiver system at the factory. It also provides the frequencies set by the latest US frequency reallocation plan.
Here are the topics covered:
Topic Page
Initial Factory Presets A-1
1.7 to 1.85 GHz Channel Plan A-1
1.9 to 2.2 GHz Channel Plan A-2
2.2 to 2.5 GHz Channel Plan A-2
2.3 to 2.7 GHz Channel Plan A-2
4.4 to 4.7 GHZ Channel Plan A-3
4.8 to 5.0 GHz Channel Plan A-4
US 2 GHz Reallocation - 12 MHz Channel Plan
A-4
A.2 Initial Factory Presets
This section lists the channels and frequencies for each RF band covered by the MDR-2. These frequencies are preset at the factory, but can be modified using the MDR Configuration Utility software.
Note
These frequency settings should only be changed by qualified technical personnel.
A.2.1 1.7 to 1.85 GHz Channel Plan
The 1.7 to 1.85 GHz channel plan is shown in Table A-1.
Table A-1: 1.7 to 1.85 GHz Channel Plan - 5.0 MHz Offset
Channel
(-) Offset
(MHz)
(0) Center
(MHz)
(+) Offset
(MHz)
1 1705.000 1710.000 1715.000
2 1735.000 1740.000 1745.000
3 1765.000 1770.000 1775.000
4 1795.000 1800.00 1805.000
5 1825.000 1830.000 1835.000
Channels and Frequencies A-2MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
A.2.2 1.9 to 2.2 GHz Channel Plan
The 1.9 to 2.2 GHz channel plan is shown in Table A-2.
A.2.3 2.2 to 2.5 GHz Channel Plan
The 2.2 to 2.5 GHz channel plan is shown in Table A-3.
Table A-2: 1.9 to 2.2 GHz Channel Plan - 4.25 MHz Offset
Channel
(-) Offset
(MHz)
(0) Center
(MHz)
(+) Offset
(MHz)
1 1994.750 1999.000 2003.250
2 2012.250 2016.500 2020.750
3 2029.250 2033.500 2037.750
4 2046.250 2050.500 2054.750
5 2063.250 2067.500 2071.750
6 2080.250 2084.500 2088.750
7 2097.250 2101.500 2105.750
Table A-3: 2.2 to 2.5 GHz Channel Plan - 4.25 MHz Offset
Channel
(-) Offset
(MHz)
(0) Center
(MHz)
(+) Offset
(MHz)
1 2454.250 2458.500 2462.750
2 2471.250 2475.500 2479.750
3 2487.750 2492.000 2496.250
A.2.4 2.3 to 2.7 GHz Channel Plan
The 2.3 to 2.7 GHz channel plan is shown in Table A-4.
A.2.5 3.4 to 3.6 GHz Channel Plan
The 3.4 to 3.6 GHz channel plan is shown in Table A-5.
Table A-4: 2.3 to 2.7 GHz Channel Plan - 4.25 MHz Offset
Channel
(-) Offset
(MHz)
(0) Center
(MHz)
(+) Offset
(MHz)
1 2454.250 2458.500 2462.750
2 2471.250 2475.500 2479.750
3 2487.750 2492.000 2496.250
Table A-5: 3.4 to 3.6 GHz Channel Plan
Channel
(-) Offset
(MHz)
(0) Center
(MHz)
(+) Offset
(MHz)
1 3406.250 3418.250 3431.250
2 3443.250 3455.250 3467.250
3 3480.250 3492.250 3504.250
4 3506.250 3518.750 3531.250
5 3543.750 3556.250 3568.750
Channels and Frequencies A-3MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
A.2.6 3.4 to 3.8 GHz Channel Plan
The 3.4 to 3.8 GHz channel plan is shown in Table A-6.
A.2.7 3.5 to 3.9 GHz Channel Plan
The 3.5 to 3.9 GHz channel plan is shown in Table A-7.
Table A-6: 3.4 to 3.8 GHz Channel Plan
Channel
(-) Offset
(MHz)
(0) Center
(MHz)
(+) Offset
(MHz)
1 3406.250 3418.250 3431.250
2 3443.250 3455.250 3467.250
3 3480.250 3492.250 3504.250
4 3506.250 3518.750 3531.250
5 3543.750 3556.250 3568.750
6 3581.250 3593.750 3606.250
7 3610.000 3620.000 3630.000
8 3640.000 3650.000 3660.000
9 3670.000 3680.000 3690.000
10 3700.00 3710.000 3720.000
11 3730.000 3740.000 3750.000
12 3760.000 3770.000 3780.000
13 3790.000 3800.000 3800.000
Table A-7: 3.5 to 3.9 GHz Channel Plan
Channel
(-) Offset
(MHz)
(0) Center
(MHz)
(+) Offset
(MHz)
1 3506.250 3518.750 3531.250
A.2.8 4.4 to 4.7 GHZ Channel Plan
The 4.4 to 4.7 GHz channel plan is shown in Table A-8.
2 3543.750 3556.250 3568.750
3 3581.250 3593.750 3606.250
4 3610.000 3620.000 3630.000
5 3640.000 3650.000 3660.000
6 3670.000 3680.000 3690.000
7 3700.00 3710.000 3720.000
8 3730.000 3740.000 3750.000
9 3760.000 3770.000 3780.000
10 3790.000 3800.000 3800.000
Table A-8: 4.4 to 4.7 GHz Channel Plan - 25 MHz Offset
Channel
(-) Offset
(MHz)
(0) Center
(MHz)
(+) Offset
(MHz)
1 4456.250 4475.000 4493.750
2 4531.250 4550.000 4568.750
3 4606.250 4625.000 4643.750
Table A-7: 3.5 to 3.9 GHz Channel Plan (Continued)
Channel
(-) Offset
(MHz)
(0) Center
(MHz)
(+) Offset
(MHz)
Channels and Frequencies A-4MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
A.2.9 4.8 to 5.0 GHz Channel Plan
The 4.8 to 5.0 GHz channel plan is shown in Table A-9.
A.3 US 2 GHz Reallocation - 12 MHz Channel Plan
The frequencies that will be used on the 2 GHz bands in the new US 12 MHz channel plan are shown in Table A-10. Your MDR-2 is pre-programmed with the frequencies listed in Section A.2 on
page A-1. However, as your station migrates to the new channel
plan, you can easily reprogram your MDR-2 using the MDR Configuration Utility software.
Information below was obtained from the FCC Web site, document # FCC 03-280:
http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-03­280A1.pdf
Table A-9: 4.8 to 5.0 GHz Channel Plan
Channel
(-) Offset
(MHz)
(0) Center
(MHz)
(+) Offset
(MHz)
1 4812.500 4825.000 4837.500
2 4862.500 4875.000 4887.500
3 4912.500 4925.000 4937.500
4 4962.500 4975.000 4987.500
Table A-10: 2 GHz Band - US 12 MHz Channel Plan
Channel
(-) Offset
(MHz)
(0) Center
(MHz)
(+) Offset
(MHz)
1 2028.500 2031.500 2034.500
2 2040.500 2043.500 2046.500
3 2052.500 2055.500 2058.500
4 2064.500 2067.500 2070.500
5 2076.500 2079.500 2082.500
6 2088.500 2091.500 2094.500
7 2100.500 2103.500 2106.500
B
Glossary B-1MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
Glossary
This section describes acronyms and abbreviations used in communications, broadcasting, and in our products and documentation.
Table B-1: Useful Terms
1RU 1 Rack Unit
16QAM 16-state Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
The signal (video + audio) is imposed onto the 70 MHz carrier by varying both the phase and the amplitude of the signal while keeping the frequency constant. There are 16 possible combinations of phase and amplitude that can be used to carry information.
32QAM 32-state Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
The signal (video + audio) is imposed onto the 70 MHz carrier by varying both the phase and the amplitude of the signal while keeping the frequency constant. There are 32 possible combinations of phase and amplitude that can be used to carry information.
4 FSK 4-state Frequency Shift Keying
8 PSK 8-Phase Shift Keying
8QAM 8-state Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
The signal (video + audio) is imposed onto the 70 MHz carrier by varying both the phase and the amplitude of the signal while keeping the frequency constant. There are 8 possible combinations of phase and amplitude that can be used to carry information.
64QAM 64-state Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
The signal (video+audio) is imposed onto the 70 MHz carrier by varying both the phase and the amplitude of the signal while keeping the frequency constant. There are 64 possible combinations of phase and amplitude that can be used to carry information.
A & C Alarm and Control
ABW Automatic Bandwidth detection
ACU AC to DC Converter Unit
ADPCM Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation
AES Audio Engineering Society
AES/EBU Unofficial name for a digital audio standard
developed as a joint enterprise of the AES and the EBU.
AFC Automatic Frequency Control
AGC Automatic Gain Control
AIS Alarm Indication Signal (all one’s)
AMI Alternate Mark Inversion, line code format for traffic
data.
AVG Average
Table B-1: Useful Terms (Continued)
Glossary B-2MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
ASI Asynchronous Serial Interface
A serial communications interface operating at 270 Mbit/sec., generally used in field news-gathering operations.
ASYNC Asynchronous
Digital communication in which there is no timing requirement for transmission and in which the start of each character is individually signaled by the transmitting device.
Baseband A composite signal in which video and audio signals
are combined together, with video occupying approximately 0-4.5 MHz and audio modulated onto subcarriers in the 5-6 MHz range. Also called Composite.
BB Baseband
BDC Block Down Converter
BER Bit Error Ratio
The ratio of bits containing errors to the total number of bits in the signal, over a time period.
BiasT A type of interconnection between the IDU and the
ODU. In Bias T wiring, IF and DC are combined and carried on the coax cable up the ODU; blocking circuitry prevents the DC from entering the IDU.
Table B-1: Useful Terms (Continued)
BISS Basic Interoperable Scrambling System
A means of encrypting and decrypting a digital signal to prevent unauthorized reception. The encryption and decryption are controlled by a digital key, which is shared at both the transmitting and receiving location.
BISS-1 BISS encryption that uses a fixed key.
BISS-E BISS encryption that uses an encrypted key.
BNC Bayonet lock coaxial connector
BPF Band Pass Filter
bps or b/sec Bits per second
BPSK Binary Phase Shift Keying
BW Bandwidth
CCITT International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative
Committee
A telecommunications standardizing committee of the ITU.
CCPS Command & Control Power Supply
CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical
Standardization
CNR Carrier-to-Noise Ratio
COFDM Coded Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
Composite (Baseband)
A band or grouping of frequencies and/or subcarriers, including video, occupied by the signal in a radio transmission system. Also called Baseband.
CR4 Code Runner 4
CSI Channel-State Information
Table B-1: Useful Terms (Continued)
Glossary B-3MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
CV Composite Video
Video signal in which the chrominance (color) and luminance (brightness) information are combined in one signal. S-Video separates the chrominance and luminance into individual signals.
CW Carrier Wave
DAB Digital Audio Broadcasting
dB Decibel
A logarithmic measurement of power or voltage, applied to audio and RF signals.
dBm A unit of measurement referenced to one milliwatt.
DCC Distribution Command and Control
DCE Data Communications Equipment
A device that communicates with a DTE device. In practical terms, the DCE is usually a modem and the DTE device is usually a computer.
De­emphasis
Reducing the amplitude of high frequency components of an analog audio signal. Done on the receive end of an analog link to take out Emphasis added on the transmit side.
DFT Discrete Fourier Transform
DMUX, DEMUX
Demultiplexer
DQPSK Differential Quadrature (Quaternary) Phase-Shift
Keying
DRL Data Return Link
Table B-1: Useful Terms (Continued)
DS3 Digital Signal 3
44.736 Mbps data rate.
DTE Data Terminal Equipment
A device that communicates with a DCE device. In practical terms, the DTE is usually a computer and the DCE device is usually a modem.
Duplex A channel capable of transmitting information
simultaneously in both directions.
DVB Digital Video Broadcasting
DVB-ASI Digital Video Broadcasting - Asynchronous Serial
Interface
A widely-used MPEG-2 digital transport interface. Physically the connection is made either with optical fiber or 75 ohm coax with a BNC connector. Interface can support data rates up to 270 Mb/sec.
DVB-C Digital Video Broadcasting - Cable
DVB-S Digital Video Broadcasting - Satellite
DVB-T Digital Video Broadcasting - Terrestrial
E1 2.048 Mbps data rate.
E3 34.368 Mbps data rate
EIA Electronic Industries Association
An industry association that establishes various standards.
Table B-1: Useful Terms (Continued)
Glossary B-4MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
EBU European Broadcasting Union
In addition to other activities, EBU produces technical statements and recommendations for PAL television systems.
EMC Electromagnetic compatibility.
Emphasis Boosting the amplitude of high frequency
components of an analog audio signal. Done on the transmit side of an analog link to improve signal-to­noise ratio.
ENG Electronic News Gathering
ERRS Errors
ESD Electrostatic Discharge
ET Eastern Time (US)
ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute
EVM Error Vector Magnitude
FCC Federal Communications Commission
The United State's communications regulatory agency.
FDM Frequency Division Multiplexing
FEC Forward Error Corrections
FFT Fast Fourier Transform
FIFO First In, First Out buffer
FIR Finite Impulse Response
FMT FM Video Modulator or FM Transmitter
FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
FSK Frequency-Shift Keying
FW Firmware
Table B-1: Useful Terms (Continued)
GHz
Gigahertz (10
9
cycles per second)
GI Guard Interval
GND Ground
GUI Graphic User Interface
HDB3 High Density Bipolar 3 line code format for traffic
data.
HPF High Pass Filter
HPU High Power Unit
H/W or HW Hardware
ICI Inter-Carrier Interference
ID Identification
IDU Indoor Unit
IF Intermediate Frequency
IMD Inter-Modulation Distortion
I/O Input/Output
IRD Integrated Receiver Decoder
IRE 1. Institute of Radio Engineers, an international
professional radio engineering association that establishes various standards.
2. A unit of measurement, established by the IRE, in which 1 IRE Unit =.00714 volts peak-to-peak (Vp-p) and 140 IRE units equals 1 Vp-p.
ISI Inter-Symbol Interference
ISO International Standards Organization
kbps Kilobits per second
kHz Kilo (1,000) cycles per second
LAN Local Area Network
Table B-1: Useful Terms (Continued)
Glossary B-5MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
LBO Line Build Out
LCD Liquid Crystal Display
Lcl Local
LED Light Emitting Diode
LIU Line Interface Unit
LNA Low Noise Amplifier
LNB Low Noise Block Down Converter
LNC Low Noise Converter
LO Local Oscillator
LOS Loss of Signal
LPF Low Pass Filter
LQ Link Quality
MaxRC Maximum Ratio Combining
Mbps Megabits per second
MER Modulation Error Ratio
MHz Million (1,000,000) cycles per second
MPEG Moving Picture Experts Group
M-QAM M-order of Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
MRC Microwave Radio Communications
Multipath An unpredictable set of reflections and/or direct
waves, each with its own degree of attenuation and delay. Due to obstacles and reflectors in the wireless channel, transmitted signals arrive at the received from various directions over multiple paths.
MUX Multiplexer
NC Normally Closed (Relay or switch contacts)
N/C No Connection
Table B-1: Useful Terms (Continued)
NICAM Near-Instantaneous Companding and Multiplexing
NO Normally Open (Relay or switch contacts)
NRZ Non-Return-to-Zero (Modulation)
NTSC National Television System Committee
Color television standard used in the US. Provides 525 horizontal lines of resolution. Not compatible with PAL or SECAM.
Null modem cable
An RS-232 cable designed to connect two computers (or other data sources) together. It has male DB9 connectors on each end, to mate with the DB9 female connectors on the PCs. It also has the Transmit and Receive connections crossed over so Transmit (pin 3) on one end connects to Receive (pin
2) on the other.
Also called “Crossover Cable”.
ODU Outdoor Unit
OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
OOK On-Off Keying
PAL Phase Alteration Line
Color television standard used in many European countries. Provides 625 horizontal lines of resolution. Not compatible with NTSC or SECAM.
PAL-M Phase Alteration Line
Color television standard used in many European countries. Provides 625 horizontal lines of resolution with 50 lines per field. Not compatible with NTSC or SECAM.
Table B-1: Useful Terms (Continued)
Glossary B-6MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
PAL-N Phase Alteration Line
Color television standard used in many European countries. Provides 525 horizontal lines of resolution with 60 lines per field. Not compatible with NTSC or SECAM.
PC Personal Computer
PCR Program Clock Reference
PER Parity Error Rate
ØLK Phase Lock
PID Program Identification
PLL Phase Lock Loop
PRBS Pseudo Random Bit Sequence
QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
QPSK Quadrature Phase Shift Keying
The signal (video+audio) is imposed onto the 70 MHz carrier by varying the phase of the signal while keeping the amplitude and frequency constant. There are 4 possible values of phase that can be used to carry information.
RCL Received Carrier Level
The strength of a received RF signal, in dBm.
RCU Receiver Control Unit
RCL Received Carrier Level
Rcvr Receiver
RD Receive Data
RDS Radio Data System
Table B-1: Useful Terms (Continued)
RF Radio Frequency
RF Level RF Power from the transmitter.
RFU Radio Frequency Unit
RMA Return Material Authorization
R-S Reed-Solomon
RSSI Receiver Signal Strength Indicator
RX Receiver
RXU Receiver Unit
RZ Return to Zero
SC Service Channel
SC Single Carrier
SCM Single Carrier Modem
SD EMB Synchronous Digital Interface Embedded
SDI Synchronous Digital Interface
A serial communications interface operating at 270 Mbit/sec. Generally used for in-studio news operations.
SECAM Sequence de Couleur Avec Memoire
Color television standard used in France, Russia, and other countries. Provides 625 horizontal lines of resolution. Not compatible with NTSC or PAL. Not supported by this product.
SER Symbol Error Rate
Setpt Set point
SFN Single-Frequency Network
SG Signal Ground
Table B-1: Useful Terms (Continued)
Glossary B-7MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
SI Service Information
Simplex A channel capable of transmitting information in only
one direction.
Site ID A physical location where any number of modems,
transmitters, or receivers are installed.
SMPTE Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers
SNR Signal-to-Noise Ratio
SR16 Symbol Rate 16
STDBY Standby
Subcarrier An electromagnetic signal that is used as a medium
for placing an information channel above another information channel.
S-Video Video signal in which the chrominance (color) and
luminance (brightness) information are separated into individual subcarrier signals. Also called Y/C Video. Composite Video combines them into one signal.
S/W or SW Software
SYNTH Synthesizer
T1 1.544 Mbps data rate
TC Transmitter Control
TCU Transmitter Control Unit
TD Transmit Data
TX Transmitter
TXU Transmitter Unit
VCO Voltage Controlled Oscillator
VCXO Voltage Controlled Crystal Oscillator
VDC Volts Direct Current
Table B-1: Useful Terms (Continued)
VF Voice Frequency
Video A term pertaining to the bandwidth and spectrum of
the signal that results from television scanning and which is used to reproduce a picture.
WAN Wide Area Network
WEEE Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment
XMIT Transmit
Xmtr Transmitter
Y/C Video signal in which the chrominance (color) and
luminance (brightness) information are separated into individual subcarrier signals. Also called S­Video. Composite Video combines them into one signal.
Table B-1: Useful Terms (Continued)
Glossary B-8MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
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C
Link Quality C-1MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
Link Quality
C.1 Appendix Overview
This appendix describes MRC’s Link Quality indicator, and how it helps you maintain good quality video and audio.
The topics covered in this chapter are listed below.
Topic Page
Analog vs. Digital Systems C-1
Understanding Link Quality C-2
Description C-2
The LQ Scale C-2
LQ and Signal Quality C-3
What Actions to Take C-4
Technical Background: LQ
Factors
C-5
Received Signal Strength and Signal-to-Noise Ratio
C-5
Forward Error Correction C-5
Guard Interval C-5
Bandwidth C-6
Bit Error Rate C-6
C.2 Analog vs. Digital Systems
One of the key differences between analog and digital transmission is the behavior of the receiving system as the quality of the received signal degrades.
Analog Systems In traditional analog transmissions, each link in the signal path adds a small amount of noise and distortion. This noise and distortion accumulates as the signal progresses toward its destination. By the time the signal reaches the final receiver, the distortion and noise can be quite noticeable.
These sources of distortion and noise also typically change over time with changes in atmospheric conditions, movement of the transmitter or receiver, etc. Overall signal quality therefore varies over time as well.
In an analog system, when the signal begins to degrade, it begins almost immediately to degrade the quality of the demodulated video and audio. This provides an “early warning” that conditions are worsening, allowing the operator to make adjustments to restore signal quality before video is lost.
Digital Systems In a digital system, the original data is reconstituted at each link. This eliminates many of the noise and distortion problems found with analog transmission.
In a digital system, when the signal quality begins to degrade, it initially has no effect on the video and audio. Powerful error­correction algorithms repair the signal before it is passed to the MPEG decoder. The operator continues to observe clean video and audio, and does not realize the signal quality is deteriorating.
As the signal quality continues to degrade, the number of errors finally exceeds what the algorithms are able to correct. Then errors begin to pass through to the MPEG decoder. The impact on the video and audio will usually be minor at first, with some pixilation of the video typically appearing. The operator may or
Link Quality C-2MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
may not realize how badly the signal has now degraded.
Finally, if the signal quality continues to deteriorate, the errors reaching the MPEG decoder will disrupt the decoder so badly that it cannot construct an image. The decoder algorithm will stop working, and the video will then suddenly be lost. Operators sometimes refer to this sudden loss of video, with little or no apparent warning, as “falling off a cliff”.
See Figure C-1 on page C-3 for a graphical representation of this
“cliff”.
C.3 Understanding Link Quality
The following information is provided to provide a better understanding of Link Quality.
C.3.1 Description
MRC has developed the Link Quality (LQ) indicator to give you the “early warning” of an analog system. Link Quality monitors several key parameters and settings, and uses a proprietary algorithm to derive one simple indication of digital signal quality.
The monitored parameters include the following:
Received Carrier Level (RCL)
Bit Error Ratio (BER) before Forward Error Correction (FEC) (also called “Pre-Viterbi BER”)
Bit Error Ratio (BER) after Forward Error Correction (FEC) (also called “Post-Viterbi BER”)
Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR).
In addition, the LQ algorithm takes into account the following settings:
The modulation in use (QPSK, 16 QAM, or 64 QAM)
The Forward Error Correction (FEC) setting (1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6, or 7/8)
The Guard Interval (GI) setting (1/32, 1/16, 1/8, or 1/4)
The CODFDM Bandwidth (BW) in use (6, 7, or 8 MHz).
C.3.2 The LQ Scale
The Link Quality indicator is scaled from 0 to 9, with 9 the highest and 0 the lowest. See Table C-1.
Table C-1: Link Quality Indicator Levels
LQ
Reading
LInk Quality Description
9 Excellent Link Quality - COFDM link is very robust
with ample ability to correct for degradation.
8 Very Good Link Quality - COFDM link is robust for
the given environment.
7 Standard Link Quality - COFDM link is acceptable
for current environment.
6Average Link Quality - COFDM link is average -
might improve or worsen.
5 Below Average Link Quality - COFDM link is
marginal, not dependable.
4 Poor Link Quality - COFDM link is unstable -
quality is intermittent and unpredictable.
1 - 3 Unsatisfactory Link Quality - COFDM link is not
locked.
0 No signal detected.
Link Quality C-3MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
Blinking LQ If the LQ reading is blinking on the screen, this indicates that the LQ has dropped to 4 or below, sometime within the last 2 minutes. The blinking will automatically stop when 2 minutes have elapsed and an LQ above 4 has been maintained.
C.3.3 LQ and Signal Quality
Figure C-1 illustrates how LQ changes as the received digital
signal degrades. Received signal quality is arranged along the top axis, higher on the left and lower on the right.
Starting at the left side of the graph, received signal quality is high.
- LQ reading is 9. The link is excellent.
- Actual delivered signal is clean and stable.
Moving to the right on the graph, the received signal quality degrades.
- LQ reading begins to drop to 8, then 7, then 6. The link
is still stable, but action should be taken to restore received signal quality.
- Actual delivered signal is still clean.
Moving further to the right on the graph, the received signal quality continues to degrade.
- LQ reading starts to drop more rapidly to alert you to
the impending loss of video. As loss of video gets closer, LQ drops even faster.
- Actual delivered signal is mostly clean until the MPEG
decoder can no longer construct an image and it then drops very quickly, “falling off the cliff”.
Figure C-1: Link Quality vs. Signal Quality
C.3.4 LQ Action Levels
Table C-2 describes actions MRC recommends at various LQ
levels. These are a good initial guide. You should adjust what you do based on your own experience.
Table C-2: Actions at Link Quality Levels
LQ
Reading
LInk Quality
Description
Recommended Action
9 Excellent Link
Quality
None required.
Most transmissions are made with LQ of about 7.
8 Very Good Link
Quality
7Standard Link
Quality
Actual Delivered Signal Error Performance (BER)
Link Quality Estimate
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Signal Quality
The “Cliff”
SNR Performance Data
Noise
Link Quality C-4MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
C.3.5 What Actions to Take
To improve the Link Quality, we suggest the following general sequence of actions. You should develop your own action plan so you are prepared in case LQ begins to fall.
1. Optimize RCL:
- No signal: Check channel and frequency. Be sure
they match the transmitted signal.
- If RCL is -70 dBm or lower, the signal is weak.
Reposition transmit and receive antennas or increase transmit power if possible.
- An RCL of -40 to -30 dBm is ideal.
- RCL should be less than -25 dBm. Signals stronger
than this can overload the receiver and actually make the demodulated signal quality worse.
2. Optimize SNR:
- If RCL is OK, but SNR is low (13 -15 dB or less), there
may be electrical equipment (or other transmitters) in the immediate area that are creating noise.
6Average Link
Quality
Begin to take action.
5 Below Average
Link Quality
Rapidly take additional actions.
4 Poor Link Quality Immediately take all available
actions.
1 - 3 Unsatisfactory
Link Quality
0 No signal
detected.
Table C-2: Actions at Link Quality Levels (Continued) - Try other channels and offsets to avoid other
transmitters.
- Isolate noise sources by shutting down other equipment.
3. Optimize BER:
- No signal: Check the COFDM BW setting to be sure it matches the incoming signal.
- Change transmit settings to make the link more robust. You will achieve a lower Data Transfer Rate as you do so. See Table C-3.
- The receiver will automatically adjust for the new settings.
Table C-3: Setting Changes to Improve Link Quality
Link Capability
Least
Robust
Most
Robust
Modulation 64 QAM 16QAM QPSK
FEC 7/8 5/6 3/4 2/3
1/2
GI 1/32 1/16
1/8 1/4
BW
8 MHz 7 MHz 6 MHz
Note - Receiver BW must be manually set to match transmitter.
Highest Lowest
Data Transfer Rate
Factory Default Settings are highlighted.
Link Quality C-5MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
C.4 Technical Background: LQ Factors
Each of the factors used to derive LQ is important, but none of them alone is sufficient to monitor and optimize the quality of a digital microwave link.
The following sections explain these factors in more detail.
This is technical background information to help you understand LQ and make the best use of its capabilities.
C.4.1 Received Signal Strength and Signal-to­Noise Ratio
In analog systems, efforts to optimize the link quality are usually directed at improving the received signal strength (RCL), with the goal of having a strong signal relative to the RF noise present (SNR).
In digital systems however, having a solid RCL with good SNR is not enough to ensure a good link. If the signal has picked up errors in the digital data, the link quality can still be poor. Worse, it can be unstable, with the video appearing and disappearing as the error sources change over time.
Optimizing a digital link must also consider errors in the data, as measured by the Bit Error Ratio (BER). The ability to correct these errors will depend in part on the settings chosen for Forward Error Correction (FEC) and the Guard Interval (GI).
C.4.2 Forward Error Correction
One of the advantages of digital transmission is the ability of the receiver to automatically correct errors in the incoming data. This is possible because the transmitter adds extra error correction bits to the data. These extra bits describe attributes of
the original data so it can be reconstructed in the receiver, if required.
The transmitter segments the digital data (the “payload”) into small groups of bits called packets. The error correction bits are likewise grouped into packets, which are added into the data stream. The number of packets allocated to error correction is controlled by the FEC setting in the transmitter.
An FEC setting of 1/2 means that 1 packet of payload is accompanied by 1 packet of error correction. In effect, 1/2 of the packets are payload.
This is the most robust FEC setting, capable of correcting the most errors. However, it has the lowest data transfer rate.
By contrast, an FEC setting of 7/8 would mean that every 7 packets of payload are accompanied by 1 packet of error correction. In effect, 7/8 of the packets are payload.
This has a much higher data transfer rate, but has far less capacity to correct errors than a setting of 1/2 - so it is the least robust FEC setting.
C.4.3 Guard Interval
Another error-correcting technique used in digital transmission makes use of a Guard Interval (GI). The GI sets how much time the transmitter allows between one symbol and the next. On the receiving end, GI sets how long the receiver waits after one symbol before it begins to process the next.
The GI enables the receiver to correct for time-based errors. These errors typically arise from echoes and reflections as the signal bounces off buildings and terrain along its path. In effect, the transmitted signal travels along multiple paths to arrive at the
Link Quality C-6MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
receiver. Each of these reflected signals arrives at a slightly different time depending on the length of its path.
By waiting for one GI before attempting to process the next symbol, the receiver allows time for any echoes of the first symbol to arrive and thus not contribute errors to the next symbol.
This length of time is controlled by the transmitter’s GI setting.
A GI setting of 1/32 would allow a short time for echoes to arrive. (On an 8 MHz signal, this delay is 7 uS.)
- This delay would be used in a situation where the
reflecting objects are very near, such as inside a sports stadium. Any echoes would arrive at the receiver with very short delay times.
- This has the highest data transfer rate, but is the least
robust GI setting.
A GI setting of 1/8 would allow more time for echoes to arrive. (On an 8 MHz signal, this delay is 28 uS.)
- This setting would be useful for city environments,
where the objects reflecting the signal are relatively close by and the echo delays are relatively short.
A GI setting of 1/4 would allow a longer time for echoes to arrive. (On an 8 MHz signal, this delay is 56 uS.)
- This setting would be useful for more remote settings,
where the objects reflecting the signal are farther apart and the echo delays are longer.
- This setting has the lowest data transfer rate, but is the
most robust GI setting.
C.4.4 Bandwidth
When the transmitter applies the COFDM modulation to the video and audio signals, it creates a signal of a certain bandwidth
(BW). This bandwidth is controlled by the transmitter’s BW setting.
A BW setting of 6 MHz would mean the modulated signal occupies 6 MHz of RF spectrum.
- This setting is the most robust, but has the lowest data
transfer rate.
A BW setting of 8 MHz would occupy more of the RF spectrum.
- This setting has the highest data transfer rate, but is
the least robust BW setting.
Note
The receiver must be manually set to match the BW setting of the transmitter.
C.4.5 Bit Error Rate
When the receiver applies its error corrections to the incoming data, it counts both the total number of errors it has detected and the number it cannot correct.
The Pre-Viterbi BER measures the total number of errors the FEC algorithm attempted to correct. This BER is defined as:
# Errors Detected / # Bits Received
The Post-Viterbi BER measures only the errors that the FEC algorithm was not able to correct. This BER is defined as:
# Errors Not Corrected / # Bits Received
As signal quality degrades, the Pre-Viterbi BER will increase.
Link Quality C-7MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
This indicates the System is detecting more errors. However, the FEC algorithm will be able to correct these errors, and the Post-Viterbi BER will be maintained at 0. Video and audio will be undisturbed.
As the signal continues to degrade, the Pre-Viterbi BER will continue to increase. At some point, the FEC algorithms will reach the limit of errors they can correct. The uncorrected errors will then appear in the Post-Viterbi BER. These Post­Viterbi errors are a warning sign, even though the video may still be acceptable.
If the Post-Viterbi BER becomes too large, the MPEG decoder will be unable to make sense of the data, and video will suddenly be lost.
The BER at which this occurs will vary depending on the design of the MPEG decoder and the location of the errors in the data stream.
Link Quality C-8MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
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D
Maximal Ratio Combining D-1MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
Maximal Ratio Combining
D.1 Appendix Overview
This section provides a general overview of the Maximal Ratio Combining (MaxRC) diversity implemented within the MDR-2 Portable 2-Input Diversity Receiver system.
D.2 Antenna Correlation
For spatial diversity, one key assumption is that the receive antennas are spaced far enough apart that the received signals at each antenna are experiencing independent fading characteristics to help the MaxRC diversity technique achieve optimal performance. A MaxRC Diversity block diagram is shown in Figure D-1 on page D-2.
The concept of correlation is easier to comprehend by looking at the two figures below. Figure D-2 on page D-3 shows two signals with low correlation and Figure D-3 on page D-4 shows two signals with high correlation. Each figure has two channels plotted after a fading channel.
When the two received channels have a low correlation factor, this equates to the signals received experiencing dissimilar fading characteristics that ultimately provide the best performance for a diversity system. This is what you should be aiming to achieve during the installation of the receive antennas.
D.3 Maximal Ratio Combining
Any receiver utilizing the MaxRC diversity technique will have a dedicated tuner on the input from each antenna, which then gets fed into individual demodulators designed to support MaxRC diversity.
Each individual demodulator performs both the FFT and the channel estimation process on the incoming signals. Then by using the pilot carriers embedded within the COFDM signal along with other information, each demodulator is able to asses each of the individual 2k carriers within the received signal and assign a mathematical value associated with the level of confidence relating to the degradation of that carrier and how erroneous the data within is perceived to be.
Then by using a diversity bus between each of the demodulators, a diversity algorithm looks at each carriers confidence value and decides the ratio of which each input is combined on a per-carrier basis.
This makes it possible to physically re-construct each of the individual carriers enabling the receiver to provide the best possible signal before applying the error correction.
The benefits of using the MaxRC diversity technique is its ability to make use of the signal being received by any antenna in part or full combination to reconstruct a damaged signal.
Maximal Ratio Combining D-2MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
Figure D-1: MaxRC Diversity Block Diagram
Block Down
Converter
Block Down
Converter
Demodul at or
Demodul at or
Carrier Sumation According to Individual Wei ght ing F act or s
Vit erbi/RS
Error Correction
MPEG
Decodi ng
MDR-2 Portable 2-Input Diversity Receiver
Maximal Ratio Combining D-3MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
Figure D-2: Two Signals with Low Correlation
Maximal Ratio Combining D-4MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
Figure D-3: Two Signals with High Correlation
E
Specifications E-1MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
Specifications
This section provides specifications for the MDR-2 Portable 2­Input Diversity Receiver system.
Note
MRC reserves the right to make changes to specifications of products described in this specification sheet at any time without notice and without obligation to notify any person of such changes.
GENERAL
Frequency Bands (2 GHz): . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.7 to 1.85 GHz
1.9 to 2.2 GHz
2.2 to 2.5 GHz
2.3 to 2.7 GHz
Frequency Bands (3 MHz) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 to 3.6 GHz
3.4 to 3.8 GHz
3.5 to 3.9 GHz
Frequency Bands (5 GHz): . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4 to 4.7 GHz
4.8 to 5.0 GHz
RF Input Range (BDCs): . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -25 dBm to -98 dBm
Receiver Threshold or RCL vs. Video S/N performance:
<-93 dBm for COFDM QPSK
<-88 dBm for COFDM 16QAM
Receiver Sensitivity Bit Error Rate (BER):
10 -10 with FEC
10 -4 without FEC
COFDM DEMODULATION
UHF Input: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .413 - 861 MHz
Input Range: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -20 to -92 dBm
Threshold: . . . . . . . . . C/N-within 2 dB of ET51 300 744 Standard
COFDM Acquisition Speed: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Msec (typical)
Modulation Type: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
Packet Length: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 bytes
Forward Error Correction (FEC) - Auto Detect:
1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6, 7/8
Guard Intervals - Auto Detect: . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1/32, 1/16, 1/8, 1/4
MPEG DECODER
Chroma Profile: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:2:2/4:2:2
Line Standard: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 526/625
GOP Structures: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Variable GOP
Horizontal Resolution: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 720, 704, ,544, 352
Vertical Resolution: . . . . . . . . . . . . 576 (625 Line), 480 (525 Line)
Bit Rates: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:2:0 - 1.5 Mbits - 15 Mbits
4:2:2 - 2.0 Mbits - 50 Mbits
Audio Coding: . . . . . . . . . . . MPEG-II Layer 2 (ISO/IEC 13818-3)
ISO/MPEG 1172.3 Layer II (MUSICAM)
Bit Rates: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 to 448 Kbits/s
Sampling: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 KHz and 48 KHz
Video Output: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NTSC (w/wo pedestal)/PAL, SDI
Specifications E-2MDR-2 Operator’s Guide/Tech Ref Manual
WAYSIDE CHANNEL
EMBEDDED data channel on MPEG Module (Uses connections via RS-232 port for DCE Data Path
Data Rates: . . . . . . . . . . . 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400
Maximum cable length between MDR-2 and BDC: . . . . . . 100 ft.
POWER REQUIREMENTS
Input: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +10.5 to 36.0 Vdc
Power Consumption: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 W
Physical
Dimensions: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.0” x 8.5” x 1.75”
304 mm x 216 mm x 45 mm
Weight: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.0 lbs (3.2 kg)
Operating Temperature Range: . . . . . . . . . . . . . -20o C to +50o C
(-4o F to +122o F)
Operating relative Humidity: . . . . . . . . . 95% @ -10o C to +40o C
(14o F to 104o F)
Operating Altitude above sea level: . . . . . . . . . .11,000 ft./3350 m
In-Operating Altitude above sea level: . . . . . . . . 14,000 ft./4300
m
ACCESSORIES
STRATA AC to DC Power Converter (100 to 230 VAC input)
STRATA Rx Remote Control Panel (Serial Interface)
Medium to Heavy Weight Tripod
Fixed Mounting Bracket (2 or 3 Units)
Universal Mounting Bracket
FRONT PANEL CONNECTIONS
RS-232 Communication Port: . . . . . . . . . . . .9-Pin “D” Connector
REAR PANEL CONNECTIONS
UHF Input (A & B): . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TNC Type
ASI Monitor: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BNC Type
Video/SDI Output: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BNC Type
Audio Output: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-Pin Circular
Power Input: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-Pin Circular
CONTROLS & INDICATORS
Push/Rotary Control Switch
LED Indicators: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Power ON/OFF and Status
FRONT PANEL CONTROLS & INDICATORS
Controls
Preset, Channel/Offset. RF Band, OFDM Bandwidth, Input A DC On/Off, Input B DC On/Off
Displays
RCL (A & B), Preset, Modulation, Bandwidth, Forward Error Correction (FEC), Guard Interval (GI), Preset, BER (A & B), MER (A & B), Transport Stream Lock, Video Output Lock/Unlock, Audio A Lock/Unlock, Audio B Lock/Unlock, Color Bar On/Off
Index
Index Index-1MDR-2 Operator’s Guide
A
About This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notices-i
ABW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
ACU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
Controls, Indicators, and Connectors . . . . . . . .3-5
DC OUTPUT Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-6
ACU Controls, Indicators, and Connectors
AC INPUT connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-5
DC OUTPUT connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-6
Fuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-6
Power LED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-6
POWER switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-5
AES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
AES/EBU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
ASI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2
Audience, Intended . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
B
BDC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2
Indicators and connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4
BDC Indicators and Connectors
A LED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4
B LED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4
IF OUTPUT connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-5
PWR (power) LED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4
RF INPUT connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-5
BER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15, B-2
BISS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2
BISS 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2
BISS-E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2
Bit Error Ratio, Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15
Block Down Converter
IF OUTPUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
RF INPUT connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Block Down Converters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2, 2-4
BNC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2
BW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2
C
Calling for Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
CAUTION
Electrostatic Discharge . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Notices-ii
CAUTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Notices-ii
Certification
ISO 90012000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notices-i
Changing a Preset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17
Channel Plan
1.7 to 1.85 GHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
1.9 to 2.2 GHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2
12 MHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-4
2.2 to 2.5 GHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2
2.3 to 2.7 GHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2
3.4 to 3.6 GHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2
3.4 to 3.8 GHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-3
3.5 to 3.9 GHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-3
4.4 to 4.7 GHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-3
4.8 to 5.0 GHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-4
Channels and Frequencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
Initial Factory Presets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
US 12MHz Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-4
Channels and frequencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
COFDM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2
Command Menu Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17
Composite Video . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-3
Index Index-2MDR-2 Operator’s Guide
Control Options
Channel and offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-19
DC on coax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-20
OFDM bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-20
Presets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-17
Controls, indicators, and connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-1
Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notices-ii
Copyright . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notices-i
CV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-3
D
dB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-3
dBm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-3
DC power
Block Down Converters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2
DC on coax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2
MDR-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2
DCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-3
Description
Block Down Converters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-4
MDR-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3
Omni receiving antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-4
Digital Video Broadcast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-1
Display Screens
Accessing the Control Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-11
Accessing the Main Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-10
Accessing the Monitor Screen . . . . . . . . . . . .3-11
Alphanumeric display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-10
Default to Main Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-11
Main Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-10
Diversity reception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3
DTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-3
DVB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-3
E
Electronic News Gathering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
E-mail
Feedback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Technical Support team . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
ENG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4
ESD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4
ET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4
EVM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4
F
FCC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4
FEC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4
Feedback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
FPGA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4
Frequently Performed Tasks
Monitoring Bit Error Ratio (BER) . . . . . . . . . . 3-15
Monitoring Link Quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
Monitoring Signal-to-Noise Ratio . . . . . . . . . . 3-16
Powering the PTX-PRO Transmitter System . 3-9
Preparing for Operation
Mounting to the Tripod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
Front panel vs. MDR Configuration Utility software . 3-21
Fuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Notices-ii
G
GHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4
GI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4
Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
GND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4
Ground
Earth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Notices-ii
Frame or Chassis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Notices-ii
Protective Earth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Notices-ii
GUI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4
Index Index-3MDR-2 Operator’s Guide
H
How to Use This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-1
I
ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4
IF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4
ISO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4
L
LAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4
LED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-5
Link Quality
Blinking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-13
Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-12
LQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-12
M
Major Alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-3
MaxRC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-5
MDR-2
Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3
Controls, Indicators, and connectors . . . . . . . .3-1
DC on coax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-4
INPUT A TNC connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-4
INPUT B TNC connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-4
MDR Configuration Utility software . . . . . . . . . .2-3
Monitoring options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-11
Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2
Power up and power down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-9
Presets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3
System configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3
MDR-2 architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2
MDR-2 Controls, Indicators, and Connectors
Alphanumeric display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-2
AUDIO connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4
Control Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-2
DC ON COAX switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
POWER connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
PWR switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
RS232 connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
SIGNAL OUT connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Status LED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
MER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-5
MHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-5
Mobile applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Mobile communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
Mobile Installation
Aircraft Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
Aircraft or vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
Fixed Mounting Bracket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
Mounting brackets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
Monitor Menu Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
MPEG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-5
MRC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-5
MRC Customer Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Business Hours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Fax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Telephone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
MRC Technical Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Business Hours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
E-mail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Fax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Telephone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
N
N/C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-5
NC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-5
NO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-5
Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Notices-ii
NTSC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-5
Null modem cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-5
Index Index-4MDR-2 Operator’s Guide
O
OFDM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-5
On-Line Viewing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notices-iii
Destination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notices-iii
Hypertext link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notices-iii
Options
Block Down Converters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2
DC power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2
Frequency bands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2
Omnidirectional receiver antennas . . . . . . . . . .2-2
STRATA RX Remote Control Panel . . . . . . . . .2-2
Ordering Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
Outside Broadcast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-1
P
PAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-5
PC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-6
PCR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-6
PID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-6
Portable applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3
Portable Deployment
Dovetail Adapter Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-7
Mounting Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-7
Quick Release Mount . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-6
Universal Mounting Bracket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-7
Universal Mounting Brackets . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-7
Portable deployment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-6
Proprietary Material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notices-i
Q
QPSK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-6
Quality Certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notices-i
R
RCL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-6
Related Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Remote Operation
Mobile or airborne operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Return Material Authorization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notices-iii
RF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-6
RMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notices-iii, B-6
RS-232 null modem cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
RX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-6
S
SDI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-6
Signal-to-Noise Ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16
SNR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-16, B-7
STRATA AC to DC Converter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
STRATA RX Remote Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
Supported field repairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Supported Repairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Symbols Used . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Notices-ii
System Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
System Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
T
Technical Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Tell Us What You Think . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Troubleshooting
Error Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Primary Error Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
V
VDC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-7
Video . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-7
Index Index-5MDR-2 Operator’s Guide
W
WARNING
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notices-ii
Risk of Electric Shock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notices-ii
WARNINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notices-ii
Warranty Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notices-iii
Product Manufactured by MRC . . . . . . . Notices-iii
Products Manufactured By Others . . . . Notices-iv
Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment . . . . Notices-ii
WEEE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notices-ii, B-7
Wireless airborne networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-1
Index Index-6MDR-2 Operator’s Guide
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