Moxa PowerTrans Switch PT-7728-PTP
First Edition, September 2010
www.moxa.com/product
© 2010 Moxa Inc. All rights reserved.
Reproduction without permission is prohibited.
Moxa PowerTrans Switch PT-7728-PTP
The software described in this manual is furnished under a license agreement and may be used only in accordance with
the terms of that agreement.
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Copyright ©2010 Moxa Inc.
All rights reserved.
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 1-1
Overview ........................................................................................................................................... 1-2
Package Checklist ............................................................................................................................... 1-2
Software Features .............................................................................................................................. 1-2
2. Getting Started ................................................................................................................................. 2-1
Serial Console Configuration (115200, None, 8, 1, VT100) ....................................................................... 2-2
Configuration by Telnet Console .................................................................................................... 2-4
Configuration by Web Browser ............................................................................................................. 2-6
Disabling Telnet and Browser Access ..................................................................................................... 2-7
3. Featured Functions ........................................................................................................................... 3-1
Configuring Basic Settings ................................................................................................................... 3-2
System Identification ................................................................................................................... 3-2
Password ................................................................................................................................... 3-2
Accessible IP ............................................................................................................................... 3-3
Port ........................................................................................................................................... 3-4
Network ..................................................................................................................................... 3-5
IPv4 .......................................................................................................................................... 3-6
IPv6 .......................................................................................................................................... 3-6
GARP Timer Parameters ............................................................................................................... 3-7
Time .......................................................................................................................................... 3-8
Daylight Saving Time ................................................................................................................... 3-8
Configuring IEEE 1588/PTP .................................................................................................................. 3-9
PTP Setting ............................................................................................................................... 3-10
System File Update—By Remote T FT P .......................................................................................... 3-13
System File Update—By Local Import/Export ................................................................................ 3-14
System File Update—By Backup Media ......................................................................................... 3-15
Restart..................................................................................................................................... 3-15
Factory Default ......................................................................................................................... 3-15
Using Port Trunking .......................................................................................................................... 3-15
The Port Trunking Concept ......................................................................................................... 3-16
Configuring Port Trunking ........................................................................................................... 3-16
Configuring SNMP ............................................................................................................................. 3-17
SNMP Read/Write Settings.......................................................................................................... 3-18
Trap Settings ............................................................................................................................ 3-20
Private MIB information.............................................................................................................. 3-20
Using Communication Redundancy ..................................................................................................... 3-21
The Turbo Ring Concept ............................................................................................................. 3-21
Configuring Turbo Ring and Turbo Ring V2 ................................................................................... 3-24
The Turbo Chain Concept ................................................................................................................... 3-28
Configuring “Turbo Chain” ................................................................................................................. 3-28
Head Switch Configuration ......................................................................................................... 3-28
Member Switch Configuration ..................................................................................................... 3-29
Tail Switch Configuration ............................................................................................................ 3-29
Explanation of “Current Status” Items .......................................................................................... 3-29
The STP/RSTP Concept .............................................................................................................. 3-30
Configuring STP/RSTP ................................................................................................................ 3-33
Using Traffic Prioritization .................................................................................................................. 3-35
The Traffic Prioritization Concept ................................................................................................. 3-35
Configuring Traffic Prioritization .................................................................................................. 3-37
Using Virtual LAN .............................................................................................................................. 3-39
The Virtual LAN (VLAN) Concept .................................................................................................. 3-40
Sample Applications of VLANs using the PT-7728-PTP .................................................................... 3-42
Configuring Virtua l L AN .............................................................................................................. 3-43
Using Multicast Filtering ..................................................................................................................... 3-44
The Concept of Multicast Filtering ................................................................................................ 3-44
Configuring IGMP Snooping ........................................................................................................ 3-47
Add Static Multicast MAC ............................................................................................................ 3-48
Configuring GMRP ..................................................................................................................... 3-48
GMRP Table .............................................................................................................................. 3-49
Using Bandwidth Management ............................................................................................................ 3-49
Broadcast Storm Protection ........................................................................................................ 3-49
Traffic Rate Limiting Settings ...................................................................................................... 3-50
Using Port Access Control .................................................................................................................. 3-50
Configuring Static Port Lock ........................................................................................................ 3-51
Configuring IEEE 802.1X ............................................................................................................ 3-51
Using IP Filter .................................................................................................................................. 3-54
Using Auto Warning .......................................................................................................................... 3-54
Configuring Email Warning ......................................................................................................... 3-54
Event Type ............................................................................................................................... 3-55
Email Setup .............................................................................................................................. 3-56
Configuring Relay Warning ......................................................................................................... 3-57
Event Setup .............................................................................................................................. 3-57
Warning List ............................................................................................................................. 3-58
Using Line-Swap-Fast-Recovery .......................................................................................................... 3-58
Configuring Line-Swap Fast Recovery .......................................................................................... 3-58
Using Set Device IP........................................................................................................................... 3-58
Configuring Set Device IP ........................................................................................................... 3-59
DHCP Relay Agent (Opt ion 82) ........................................................................................................... 3-60
Using Diagnosis ................................................................................................................................ 3-62
Mirror Port ................................................................................................................................ 3-62
Ping ......................................................................................................................................... 3-62
LLDP Function Overview .................................................................................................................... 3-63
LLDP Web Interface ................................................................................................................... 3-63
LLDP Settings ........................................................................................................................... 3-63
LLDP Table ............................................................................................................................... 3-63
Using Monitor ................................................................................................................................... 3-64
Monitor by Switch ...................................................................................................................... 3-64
Monitor by Port ......................................................................................................................... 3-64
Using the MAC Address Table ............................................................................................................. 3-65
Using System Log ............................................................................................................................. 3-65
Event Log ................................................................................................................................. 3-65
Syslog ..................................................................................................................................... 3-66
Using HTTPS/SSL .............................................................................................................................. 3-67
A. MIB Groups ....................................................................................................................................... A-1
B. Specifications .................................................................................................................................... B-1
C. Modbus/TCP Map .............................................................................................................................. C-1
1
1. Introduction
Welcome to the PowerTrans PT-7728-PTP, a managed redundant Gigabit Ethernet switch designed especially
for connecting Ethernet-enabled devices for industrial field applications.
The following topics are covered in this chapter:
Overview
Package Checklist
Software Features
PT-7728-PTP Introduction
1-2
Overview
The PowerTrans PT-7728-PTP is certified for use in power substation automation systems (IEC 61850-3, IEEE
1613), and railway applications (EN50121-4). It can be used for Gigabit or Fast Ethernet backbones and
supports redundant ring topologies. It also supports dual power inputs (24/48 VDC or 110/220 VDC/VAC) to
increase the reliabil ity of communication.
The PT-7728-PTP has a modular design that makes network planning easy and allows greater flexibility. You
can install up to 4 Gigabit Ethernet ports and 24 Fast Ethernet ports. Optional front or rear wiring makes the
PT-7728-PTP suitable for different applications.
Package Checklist
The PowerTrans PT-7728-PTP is shipped with the following items. If any of these items is missing or damaged,
please contact your customer service representative for assistance.
• 1 PowerTrans PT-7728-PTP
• Hardware installation guide
• CD-ROM with user’s manual and SNMP MIB file
• Warranty statement
• RJ45-to-DB9 console port cable
• Protective caps for unused ports
• 2 rackmount attachments
Software Features
• Turbo Ring, Turbo Chain, and RSTP/STP (IEEE 802.1W/D)
• IEEE 1588 v2 PTP (Precision Time Protocol) for precise time synchronization of networks
• DHCP Option 82 for IP address assignment for different policies
• Supports Modbus TCP for easy integration in HMI
• Supports LLDP (Link Layer Discovery Protocol)
• IGMP snooping, GMRP to filter multicast traffic from industrial Ethernet protocols
• IEEE 802.1Q VLAN, GVRP for easier network planning
• QoS-IEEE 802.1p/1Q and TOS/DiffServ to increase determinism
• 802.3ad, LACP for bandwidth optimization
• IEEE 802.1X and https/SSL to enhance ne twork security
• SNMP V1/V2c/V3 for differential network management
• RMON for efficient, proactive network monitoring
• Supports ABC-01 for system configuration backup
• Access restriction by MAC address
• Port mirroring for online debugging
• Automatic warnings by email, relay output
• Automatic recovery of connected device’s IP addresses
• Line-swap fast recovery
• Configuration through web browser, Telnet/serial console, Windows utility, and ABC-01
2
2. Getting Started
This chapter covers the initial installation proces s for the PT-7728-PTP. There are three ways to access the
PT-7728-PTP’s configuration settings: serial console, Telnet console, and web console. If you do not know the
PT-7728-PTP’s IP address, you can open the serial console by connecting the PT-7728-PTP to a PC’s COM port
with a short serial cable. You can open the Telnet or web console over an Ethernet LAN or over the Internet.
The following topics are covered in this chapter:
Serial Console Configuration (115200, None, 8, 1, VT100)
Configuration by Telnet Console
Configuration by Web Browser
Disabling Telnet and Browser Access
PT-7728-PTP Getting Started
2-2
Serial Console Configuration (115200, None, 8,
1, VT100)
NOTE • You cannot connect to the serial and Telnet console at the same time.
• You can connect to the web console and another console (serial or Telnet) at the same time.
However, it is strongly recommended that you do NOT do so. Following this advice will allow you to
maintain better control over the PT-7728-PTP’s configuration.
NOTE We recommend using PComm Terminal Emulator when opening the serial console. This software can be
downloaded free of charge from the Moxa website.
Before running PComm Terminal Emulator, use an RJ45 to DB9-F (or RJ45 to DB25-F) cable to connect the
PT-7728-PTP’s console port to your PC’s COM port (generally COM1 or COM2, depending on how your sys tem
is set up).
After installing PComm Terminal Emulator, open the PT-7728-PTP’s serial console as follows:
1. From the Windows desktop, click Start
Programs PComm Lite 1.3 Terminal Emulator.
2. Select Open under the Port Manager menu to open a new connection.
3. The Property window should open. On the Communication Para meter tab for Ports, select the COM
port that is being used for the console connection. Set the other fields as follows: 115200 for Baud Rate,
8 for Data Bits, None for Parity, and 1 for Stop Bits.
PT-7728-PTP Getting Started
2-3
4. On the Terminal tab, select VT100 for Terminal Type. Click OK.
5. In the terminal window, the PT-7728-PTP will prompt you to select a termina l type. Enter 1 to select
ansi/vt100 and press Enter.
6. The serial console will prompt you to log in. Press Enter and select admin or user. Use the down arrow key
on your keyboard to select the Password field and enter a password if desired. This password will be
required to access any of the consoles (web, serial, Telnet). If you do not wish to create a password, leave
the Password field blank and press Enter.
7. The Main Menu of the PT-7728-PTP’s serial console should appear. (In PComm Terminal Emulator, you can
adjust the font by selecting Font… in the Edit menu.)
PT-7728-PTP Getting Started
2-4
8. Use the following keys on your keyboard to navigate the PT-7728-PTP’s serial console:
Key Function
Up, down, right, left arrow keys Tab Move the onscreen cursor
Enter Display and select options
Space Toggle options
Esc Previous menu
Configuration by Telnet Console
You may open the PT-7728-PTP’s Telnet or web console o ver a network. This requires that the PC host and
PT-7728-PTP are on the same logical subnet. You may need to adjust your PC host’s IP address a n d subnet
mask. By default, the PT-7728-PTP’s IP address is 192.168.127.253 and PT-7728-PTP’s subnet mask is
255.255.255.0 (for a Class C network). This means that your PC’s IP address must be set to 192.168.xxx.xxx
for a subnet mask of 255.255.0.0, or to 192.168.127.xxx with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0.
NOTE To connect to the PT-7728-PTP’s Telnet or web console, your PC host and the PT-7728-
PTP must be on the
same logical subnet.
NOTE When connecting to the PT-7728-PTP’s Telnet or web console, first connect one of PT-7728-PTP’s Ethernet
ports to your Ethernet LAN or directly to your PC’s Ethernet port. You may use either a straight-through or
cross-over Ethernet cable.
NOTE The PT-7728-PTP’s default IP address is 192.168.127.253.
After making sure that the PT-7728-PTP is connected to the same LAN and logical subnet as your PC, open the
PT-7728-PTP’s Telnet console as follows:
1. Click Start
Run from the Windows Start menu. Telnet to the PT-7728-PTP’s IP address from the Windows
Run window. You may also issue the Telnet command from a DOS prompt.
2. In the terminal window, the Telnet console will prompt you to select a terminal type. Type 1 to choose
ansi/vt100, and then press Enter.
PT-7728-PTP Getting Started
2-5
3. The Telnet console will prompt you to log in. Press Enter and select admin or user. Use the down arrow
key on your keyboard to select the Password field and enter a password if desired. This password will be
required to access any of the consoles (web, serial, Telnet). If you do not wish to create a password, leave
the Password field blank and press Enter.
4. The Main Men u of the PT-7728-PTP’s Telnet console should appear.
5. In th e terminal window, select Preferences… from the Terminal menu on the menu bar.
6. The Ter m inal Preferences window should appear. Make sure that VT100 Arrows is checked.
7. Use the following keys on your keyboard to navigate the PT-7728-PTP’s Telnet console:
Key Function
Up, down, right, left arrow keys
Tab
Move the onscreen cursor
Enter Display and select options
Space Toggle options
Esc Previous menu
NOTE The Telnet console looks and operates in precisely the same manner as the serial console.
PT-7728-PTP Getting Started
2-6
Configuration by Web Browser
The PT-7728-PTP’s web console is a convenient way to modify the configuration and access the built-in
monitoring and network administration functions. You can open the PT-7728-PTP’s web console using a
standard web browser such as Internet Explorer or Netscape.
NOTE To connect to the PT-7728-PTP’s Telnet or web console, your PC host and the PT-7728-
PTP must be on the
same logical subnet.
NOTE If the PT-7728-PTP is configured for other VLAN settings, you must make sure your PC host is on the
management VLAN.
NOTE When connecting to the PT-7728-PTP’s Telnet or web console, first connect one of PT-7728-PTP’s Ethernet
ports to your Ethernet LAN or directly to your PC’s Ethernet port. You may use either a straight-through or
cross-over Ethernet cable.
NOTE The PT-7728-PTP’s default IP address is 192.168.127.253.
After making sure that the PT-7728-PTP is connected to the same LAN and logical subnet as your PC, open the
PT-7728-PTP’s web console as follows:
1. Point your web browser to the PT-7728-PTP’s IP address by entering it in the Address or URL field.
2. The PT-7728-PTP’s web console will open, and you will be pr ompted to log in. Select the login account
(admin or user) and enter the Password. This password will be required to access any of the consoles (web,
serial, Telnet). If you do not wish to create a password, leave the Password field blank and press Enter.
NOTE By default, a password is not assigned to the PT-7728-PTP’s web, serial, and Telnet consoles.
3. After logging in, you may need to wait a few moments for the web console to appear. Use the folders i n the
left navigation panel to navigate between different pages of configuration options.
PT-7728-PTP Getting Started
2-7
Disabling Telnet and Browser Access
If you are connecting the PT-7728-PTP to a public network but do not intend to manage it over the network, we
suggest disabling both the Telnet and web consoles. This is done through the serial console, by navigating to
System Identification under Basic Settings. Disable or enable the Telnet Console and Web
Configuration as shown below:
3
3. Featured Functions
This chapter explains how to access the PT-7728-PTP’s various configuration, monitoring, and administration
functions. These functions can be accessed by serial, Telnet, or web console. The serial console can be used if
you do not know the PT-7728-PTP’s IP address and you need to connect the PT-7728-PTP to a PC COM port. The
Telnet and web consoles can be opened over an Ethernet LAN or the Internet.
The web console is the most user-friendly way to configure the PT-7728-PTP. In this chapter, we use the web
console interface to introduce the functions. There are only a few differences between the web console, serial
console, and Telnet console.
The following topics are covered in this chapter:
Configuring Basic Settings
Configuring IEEE 1588/PTP
Using Port Trunking
Configuring SNMP
Using Communication Redundancy
The Turbo Chain Concept
Configuring “Turbo Chain”
Using Traffic Prioritization
Using Virtual LAN
Using Multicast Filtering
Using Bandwidth Management
Using Port Access Control
Using IP Filter
Using Auto Warning
Using Line-Swap-Fast-Recovery
Using Set Device IP
DHCP Relay Agent (Option 82)
Using Diagnosis
LLDP Function Overview
Using Monitor
Using the MAC Address Table
Using System Log
Using HTTPS/SSL
PT-7728-PTP Featured Functions
3-2
Configuring Basic Settings
Basic Settings include the most co mmon settings required by administrators to maintain and control the
PT-7728-PTP.
System Identification
System Identification items are displayed at the top of the web console and will be included in alarm emails.
You can set the System Identification items to make it easier to identify different switches that are connected
to your network.
Switch Name
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. 30 characters This option is useful for differentiating between the roles or
applications of different units.
Example: Factory Switch 1.
Managed
Redundant Switch
[Serial no. of this
switch]
Switch Location
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. 80 characters This option is useful for differentiating between the locations of
different units. Example: production line 1.
Switch Location
Switch Description
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. 30 characters This option is useful for recording a more detailed description of
the unit.
None
Maintainer Contact Info
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. 30 characters This option is useful for providing information about who is
responsible for maintain in g this unit and how to contact this
person.
None
Password
The PT-7728-PTP provides two levels of configuration access. The admin account has read/write access of all
configuration parameters, and the user account has read access only. The user account can only view the
configuration, but w ill not be able to make modifications.
PT-7728-PTP Featured Functions
3-3
ATTENTION
By default, a password is not assigned to the PT-7728-PTP
’s web, Telnet, and serial consoles. If a password
is assigned, you will be required to enter the password when you open the serial console, Telnet console, or
Web console.
Account
Setting Description Factory Default
Admin This account can modify the PT-7728-PTP’s configuration. admin
User This account can only view the PT-7728-PTP’s configurations.
Password
Setting Description Factory Default
Old password
(max. 16 characters)
Enter the current password None
New password
(Max. 16 characters)
Enter the desired new password. Leave it blank if you want to
remove the password.
None
Retype password (Max.
16 characters)
Enter the desired new password again. Leave it blank if you
want to remove the password.
None
Accessible IP
The PT-7728-PTP uses an IP address-based filter ing method to control access.
You may add or remove IP addresses to limit access to the PT-7728-PTP. When the accessible IP list is enabled,
only addresses on the list will be allowed access to the PT-7728-PTP. Each IP address and netmask entry can
be tailored for different situations:
• Grant access to one host with a specific IP address
For example, enter IP address 192.168.1.1 wi th netmask 255.255.255.255 to allow access to 192. 168.1.1
only.
• Grant access to any host on a specific subnetwork
For example, enter IP address 192.168.1.0 with netmask 255.255.255.0 to allow access to all IPs on the
subnet defined by this IP address/sub n et mask combination.
• Grant acces to all hosts
Make sure the accessible IP list is not enabled. Remove the checkmark from Enable the accessible IP
list.
The following table shows additional configuration examples:
Hosts That Need Access Input Format
Any host Disable
192.168.1.120 192.168.1.120 / 255.255.255.255
PT-7728-PTP Featured Functions
3-4
192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.254 192.168.1.0 / 255.255.255.0
192.168.0.1 to 192.168.255.254 192.168.0.0 / 255.255.0.0
192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.126 192.168.1.0 / 255.255.255.128
192.168.1.129 to 192.168.1.254 192.168.1.128 / 255.255.255.128
Port
Port settings are included to give the user control ove r port access, port transmission speed, f low control, and
port type (MDI or MDIX).
Enable
Setting Description Factory Default
Checked Allows data transmission through the port. Enabled
Unchecked Immediately shuts off port access.
ATTENTION
If a connected device or sub-network is wreaking havoc on the rest of the network, the Disable
option under
Advanced Settings/Port gives the administrator a quick way to shut off access through this port
immediately.
Description
Setting Description Factory Default
Media type Displays the media type for each module’s port N/A
Name
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. 63 characters Specifies an alias for the port to help administrators
differentiate between different ports. Example: PLC 1
None
Speed
Setting Description Factory Default
Auto Allows the port to use the IEEE 802.3u protocol to negotiate
with connected devices. The port and co nnected devices will
determine the best speed for that connection.
Auto
100M-Full Choose one of these fixed speed options if the connected
Ethernet device has trouble auto-negotiatin g for line speed.
100M-Half
10M-Full
10M-Half
PT-7728-PTP Featured Functions
3-5
FDX Flow Ctrl
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable E
nables flow control for this port when the por t's Speed is set to
Auto.
Disable
Disable D
isables flow control for this port when the port's Speed is set
to Auto.
This setting enables or disables flow control for the port when the port's Speed is set to Auto. The final result
will be determined by the Auto process between the PT-7728-PTP and connected devices.
MDI/MDIX
Setting Description Factory Default
Auto Allows the port to auto-detect the port type of the connected
Ethernet device and change the port type accordingly.
Auto
MDI Choose MDI or MDIX if the connected Ether net device has
trouble auto-negotiating for port type.
MDIX
Network
The Network configuration page allows users to configure both IPv4 and IPv6 parameters for management
access over the network. This Moxa Ethernet switch supports both IPv4 and IPv6, and can be managed through
either of these address types. An expla na tion of each configuration item follows.
IPv4
IPv4 settings include the switch’s IP address and subnet mask, as well as the IP address of the default gateway.
In addition, input cells are provided for the IP addresses of a 1st and 2nd DNS server.
IPv6
IPv6 settings include two distinct address types: Link-Local Unicast address and Global Unicast address. A
Link-Local address makes the switch accessible over IPv6 for all devices attached to the same local subnet. To
connect to a larger network with multiple segments, the switch must be configured with a Global Unicast
address.
PT-7728-PTP Featured Functions
3-6
IPv4
Auto IP Configuration
Setting Description Factory Default
Disable Select this to set the PT-7728-PTP’s IP address manually. Disable
By DHCP The PT-7728-PTP’s IP address will be assigned automatically by
the network’s DHCP server.
By BootP The PT-7728-PTP’s IP address will be assigned automatically by
the network’s BootP server.
Switch IP Address
Setting Description Factory Default
IP address for the
PT-7728-PTP
This assigns the PT-7728-PTP's IP address on a TCP/IP
network.
192.168.127.253
Switch Subnet Mask
Setting Description Factory Default
Subnet mask for the
PT-7728-PTP
This identifies the type of network to which the PT-7728-PTP is
connected (e.g., 255.255.0.0 for a Class B network, or
255.255.255.0 for a Class C network).
255.255.255.0
Default Gateway
Setting Description Factory Default
IP address for gateway This specifies the IP address of the router that connects the LAN
to an outside network.
None
DNS IP Address
Setting Description Factory Default
IP address for DNS
server
This specifies the IP address of the DNS server used by your
network. After specifying the DNS server’s IP address, you can
use the PT-7728-PTP’s URL (e.g., www.PT. c ompany.com) to
open the web console instead of entering the IP address.
None
IP address for 2nd DNS
server
This specifies the IP address of the secondary DNS server used
by your network. The PT-7728-PTP will use the secondary DNS
server if the first DNS server fails to co n nect.
None
IPv6
Global Unicast Address Prefix (Prefix Length: 64 bits)
Setting Description Factory Default
Global Unicast Address
Prefix
The prefix value must be formatted according to RFC 2373
“IPv6 Addressing Architecture,” using 8 colon-separated 16-bit
hexadecimal values. One double colon may be used in the
address to indicate the appropriate number of zeros required to
fill the undefined fie lds.
None
Global Unicast Address
Setting Description Factory Default
None Display an IPv6 Global Unicast address. The network portion of
a Global Unicast address can be configured by specifying the
Global Unicast Prefix and using a EUI-64 interface ID in the low
order 64 bits. The host portion of a Global Unicast address is
automatically generated using the modified EUI-64 form of the
interface identifier (the switch’ s MA C a d dress)
PT-7728-PTP Featured Functions
3-7
Link-Local Address
Setting Description Factory Default
None The network portion of a Link-Local address is FE80 and the
host portion of a Link-Local address is automatically generated
using the modified EUI-64 form of the interface identifier (the
switch’s MAC address)
FE80: (EUI-64 form
of the MAC address)
Neighbor Cache
Setting Description Factory Default
None The information in the neighbor cache includes the neighboring
node IPv6 address, the corresponding Link-Layer address, and
the current state of the entry.
None
GARP Timer Parameters
General Setting
Setting Description Factory Default
Join Time (ms) Period for sending Join messages 200
Leave Time (ms) Period for sending Leave messages 600
Leaveall Time (ms) Period for sending Leaveall messa ges 10000
PT-7728-PTP Featured Functions
3-8
Time
The PT-7728-PTP has a time calibration function based on information from an NTP server or user specified
time and date. Functions such as automatic warning emails can therefore include time and date stamp.
NOTE The PT-7728-PTP does not have a real time clock. Th e user must update the Current Time and Current
Date to set the initial time for PT-7728-
PTP after each reboot, especially when there is no NTP server on the
LAN or Internet connection.
Current Time
Setting Description Factory Default
User-specified time Allows configuration of the local time in local 24-hour format. 00h:00m:00s
Current Date
Setting Description Factory Default
User-specified date Allows configuration of the local date in yyyy-mm-dd format. 1970/01/01
Daylight Saving Time
The Daylight Saving Time settings are used to automatically offset the PT-7728-PTP’s time forward according
to national standards.
Start Date
Setting Description Factory Default
User-specified date Specifies the date that Daylight Savings Time begins. None
End Date
Setting Description Factory Default
User-specified date Specifies the date that Daylight Savings Time ends. None
Offset
Setting Description Factory Default
User-specified hour Specifies the number of hours that the time should be offset
forward during Daylight Savings Time.
None
System Up Time
Indicates how long the PT-7728-PTP remained up since the last cold start. The up time is indicated in seconds.
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Time Zone
Setting Description Factory Default
Time zone Specifies the time zone, which is used to determine the local
time offset from GMT (Greenwich Mean Time).
GMT (Greenwich
Mean Time)
NOTE Changing the time zone will automatically correct the current time. Make sur e to set the time zone before
setting the time.
Time Server IP/Name
Setting Description Factory Default
IP address or name of
time server
The IP or domain address (e.g., 192.168.1.1,
time.stdtime.gov.tw, or time.nist.gov).
None
IP address or name of
secondary time server
The PT-7728-PTP will try to locate the
secondary NTP server if
the first NTP server fails to connect.
Time Server Query Period
Setting Description Factory Default
Query period This parameter determines how frequently the time is updated
from the NTP server.
600 seconds
Configuring IEEE 1588/PTP
Time synchronization may be accompl ished using the IEEE Standard for a Precision Clock
Synchronization Protocol for Networked Measurement and Control Systems (IEEE 1588-2008) to
synchronize real-time clocks incorporated within each component of the electrical power device in power
automation applications. For IEC 61850-9 operations, digital CTs and PTs provide measured values of current
and voltage through MUs to bay level IEDs with the process bus. In any given system there may be a great
number of MUs operating at once. These different streams of sampled values must be a ccurately
time-synchronized before they can be used.
SNTP is able to provide synchronization accuracy within about 1 ms. However, this is not precise enough for
raw data sampled values. Moxa’s PT-7728-S-PTP IEC 61850-3 fast Ethernet switches support the latest version
of IEEE 1588 v2 technology to fulfill precise time synchronization requirements for protection and control
applications. These Ethernet switches guarantee time-stamping ac c u racy wi t h i n 1 μs for th e IE C 61 850 pr o c e s s
layer. They can be configured for 1558 v2 Master, Boundary Clock, and Transparent Clock functionality.
The following diagram shows a basic IEEE 1588 application hierarchy for substation automation.
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PTP Setting
Operation IEEE 1588/PTP
Setting Description Factory Default
Operation Disable or enable IEEE 1588(PTP) operation Enable
Configuration IEEE 1588/PTP of v1 BC mode
Setting Description Factory Default
Clock Mode Supports v1 BC, IEEE 1588(PTP) mode Disabled
logSyncInterval Period for sending synchronization messages (in s econds) Disabled
logMinDelayReqInterval Period for sending delay requests (in seconds) 0 (1 sec)
Subdomain Name Support _DFLT(Default), _ALT1, _ALT2 and _ALT3 domain _DFLT
Transport of PTP 802.3, IPv4 IPv4
Preferred Master Prefer to be the master role False
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Status
Setting Description Factory Default
Offset To Master (nsec) Deviation between local time and the reference clock (in
nanoseconds).
Grandmaster UUID When the clock has a port in PTP_SLAVE state, this member’s
value is the value of the grand master Clock's Uuid field of the
last Sync message received from the parent of the slave port.
Parent UUID When the clock has a port in PTP_SLAVE state, this me mber’s
value is the value of the source-Uu id field of the last Sync
message received from the parent of the slave port.
Clock Stratum The stratum number describes one measure of the quality of a
clock. Each clock is characterized by a stratum number used by
the best master clock algorithm as one parameter of clock
quality.
4
Clock Identifier Properties of the clock. DFLT
PTP Port Settings
Setting Description Factory Default
Port Enable Enable or disable PTP port operation. None
Port Status Display PTP port real status. PTP_DISABLED
Configuration IEEE 1588/PTP of v2 E2E 2-step TC, v2 E2E 1-step TC and v2 P2P 2-step TC mode
Setting Description Factory Default
Clock Mode Supports v1 BC, IEEE 1588(PTP) mode Disabled
logSyncInterval Period for sending synchro niz ation me ssa g es (in seconds) 0 (1sec)
logMinDelayReqInterval Period for sending minimum delay requests (in seconds) 0 (1 sec)
logMinPdelayReqInterval Period for sending minimum Pdelay requests (in seconds) 0 (1 sec)
Domain Number Support _DFLT(Default), _ALT1, _ALT2 and _ALT3 domain 0 (_DFLT)
Transport of PTP 802.3, IPv4 IPv4
Preferred Master Prefer to be the master role False
priority1 (0~255) Parameter 1 of priority for Grandmaster 128
Priority2 (0~255) Parameter 2 of priority for Grandmaster 128
Status
Setting Description Factory Default
clockIdentity Properties of the clock
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PTP Port Settings
Setting Description Factory Default
Port Enable Enable or disable PTP port operation. None
Port Status Display PTP port real status. PTP_DISABLED
Configuration IEEE 1588/PTP of v2 E2E BC and P2P BC mode
Setting Description Factory Default
Clock Mode Supports v1 BC, IEEE 1588(PTP) mode Disabled
logSyncInterval Period for sending synchronization messages (in seconds) 0 (1 sec)
logAnnounceInterval Period for sending announcements (in seconds) 1 (2 sec)
announceReceiptTimeout Receive announce timeout 3
logMinDelayReqInterval Period for sending minimum delay requests (in seconds) 0 (1 sec)
logMinPdelayReqInterval Period for sending minimum Pdelay requests (in seconds) 0 (1 sec)
Domain Number Support _DFLT(Default), _ALT1, _ALT2 and _ALT3 domain 0 (_DFLT)
Transport of PTP 802.3, IPv4 IPv4
priority1 (0~255) Parameter 1 of priority for Grandmaster 128
Priority2 (0~255) Parameter 2 of priority for Grandmaster 128
clockClass Accuracy level of clock 248
clockAccuracy Accuracy of clock 0x21
Timescale Support PTP ARB, PTP
ARB Time ARB Ti ming count mode 0
Leap59 Last minute of a day is counted to 59 seconds False
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Leap61 Last minute of a day is counted to 61 seconds False
UTC Offset Valid Enable/Disable UTC offset function False
UTC Offset Value of UTC offset 0
Status
Current Data Set
Setting Description Factory Default
Offset To Master(nsec) Display offset (delay time) between Master and Slave 0
Mean Path Delay(nsec) Display mean path delay time 0
Step Removed Display number s of step removed 1
Parent Data Set
Setting Description Factory Default
Parent Identity Display the parent device MAC address
Grandmaster Identity Display the Grandmaster MAC address
Grandmaster
clockClass
Display the Grandmaster clock class
Grandmaster
clockAccuracy
Display the Grandmaster clock accuracy information
Grandmaster priority1 Display Grandmaster priority 1
Grandmaster priority2 Display Grandmaster priority 2
Time Data Set
Setting Description Factory Default
Current UTC Offset
Valid
Display the status of Current UTC Offset Valid
Current UTC Offset Display Current UTC Offset value
Leap59 Display the status of Leap 59
Leap61 Display the status of Leap 61
Timescale Display the status of Timescale
Time Source Display the status of Time Source
PTP Port Settings
Setting Description Factory Default
Port Enable Enable or disable PTP port operation. None
Port Status Display PTP port real status. PTP_DISABLED
System File Update—By Remote TFTP
The PT-7728-PTP supports saving your configuration or log file to a remote TFTP server or local host. Other
PT-7728-PTP switches can also load the configuration at a later time. The PT-7728-PTP also supports loading
firmware or configuration files from the TFTP server or a local host.
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TFTP Server IP/Name
Setting Description Factory Default
IP address of TFTP
server
Specifies the IP address or name of the remote TFTP server;
must be specified before downloading or uploading files.
None
Configuration Files Path and Name
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. 40 characters Specifies the path and file name of the PT -7728-PTP’s
configuration file on the TFTP server.
None
Firmware Files Path and Name
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. 40 characters Specifies the path and file name of the PT-7728-PTP’s firmware
file.
None
Log Files Path and Name
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. 40 characters Specifies the path and file name of the PT -7728-PTP’s log file. None
After setting the desired paths and file names, click Activate to save the setting. Click Download to download
the prepared file from the remote TFTP server, or click Upload to upload the desired file to the remote TFTP
server.
System File Update—By Local Import/Export
Configuration File
Click Export to save the PT-7728-PTP’s configuration file to the local host.
Log File
Click Export to save the PT-7728-PTP ’s log file to the local host.
NOTE
Some operating systems will open the configuration file and log file directly in the web page. In such cases,
right click the Export button to save the file.
Upgrade Firmware
To import a new firmware file onto the PT-7728-PTP, click Browse to select the firmware file that is saved on
your computer. The upgrade procedur e will proceed automatically after clicking Import.
Upload Configure Data
To import a configuration file onto the PT-7728-PTP, click Browse to select the configuration file already saved
on your computer. The upgrade procedure will proceed automatically after clicking Import.
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System File Update—By Backup Media
You can use Moxa’s Automatic Backup Configurator to save and load the configuration of PT-7728-PTP
managed switches through the switch’s RS-232 console port.
Restart
This Restart function provides users w ith a quick way to restart the system.
Factory Default
The Factory Default function provides users with a quick way of restoring the PT-7728-PTP’s configuration to
factory defaults. This function is available in the serial, Telnet, and web consoles.
NOTE After restoring the factory default configuration, you will need to use the default network settings to
re-establish the web or Telnet console con nection with the PT-7728-PTP.
Using Port Trunking
Link aggregation involves grouping links into a link aggregation group. A MAC client can treat link aggregation
groups as if they were a single link.
The PT-7728-PTP’s port trunking feature allows devices to communicate by aggregating up to 4 trunk groups,
with a maximum of 8 ports for each group. If one of the 8 ports fails, the othe r seven ports will aut omatically
provide backup and share the traffic.
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Port trunking can be used to combine up to 8 ports between two PT-7728-PTP switches. If all ports on both
switch units are configured as 100BaseTX and they are operating in full duplex, the potential bandwidth of the
connection will be 1600 Mbps.
The Port Trunking Concept
Moxa has developed a proprietary port trunking protocol that provides the following benefits:
• More flexibility in setting up your network connections, since the bandwidth of a link can be doubled, tripled,
or quadrupled
• Redundancy—if one link is broken, the remaining trunked ports share the traffic within this trunk group.
• Load sharing—MAC client traffic can be distributed across multiple l inks.
To avoid broadcast storms or loops in your network while configuring a trunk, first disable or disconnect all
ports that you want to add to the trunk or remove from the trunk. Afte r you finish configuring the trunk, enable
or re-connect the ports.
If all ports on both switch units are configured as 100BaseTX and they are operating in full duplex mode, the
potential bandwidth of the connection will be up to 1.6 Gbps. This means that users can double, triple, or
quadruple the bandwidth of the connection by port trunking between two PT series switches.
Each PT-7728-PTP can set a maximum of 4 port trunking groups. When you activate port trunking, certain
settings on each port will be reset to fac to ry default values or disabled:
• Communication redundancy will be reset
• 802.1Q VLAN will be reset
• Multicast Filtering will be reset
• Port Lock will be reset and disabled
• Set Device IP will be reset
• Mirror will be reset
After port trunking has been activated, you may configure these items again for each trunking ports.
Configuring Port Trunking
The Port Trunking Settings page is where ports are assigned to a trunk group.
Step 1: Select the desired Trunk Group (Trk1, Trk2, Trk3, Trk4).
Step 2: Select the Trunk Type (Static or LACP) .
Step 3: Select the desired ports unde r Available Ports and click Up to add to the Trunk Group.
Step 4: Select the desired ports unde r Member Ports and click Down to remove from the group.
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Trunk Group (Maximum of 4 trunk groups)
Setting Description Factory Default
Trk1, Trk2, Trk3, Trk4 Specifies the current trunk group. Trk1
Trunk Type
Setting Description Factory Default
Static Selects Moxa’s proprietary trunking protocol. Static
LACP Selects LACP (IEEE 802.3ad, Link Aggregation Control
Protocol).
Static
Available Ports/Member Ports
Setting Description Factory Default
Member/available ports L
ists the ports in the current trunk group and the ports that are
available to be added.
N/A
Check box Selects the port to be added or removed from the group. Unchecked
Port How each port is identified. N/A
Port description Displays the media type for each port. N/A
Name Displays the specified name for each port. N/A
Speed Indi ca tes the transmission speed for each port (100M-Full,
100M-Half, 10M-Full, or 10M-Half).
N/A
FDX Flow Ctrl Indicates if the FDX flow control of this port is enabled or
disabled.
N/A
Up
Used to add selected ports into the trunk group from available
ports.
N/A
Down Used to remove selected ports from the trunk group. N/A
Trunk Table
Setting Description
Trunk group Displays the trunk type and trunk group.
Member port Displays the member ports that belong to the trunk group.
Status • Success means port trunking is working properly.
• Fail means port trunking is not working properly.
• Standby means port trunking is working as a standby port. When there are more than
eight ports trunked as a trunking group, the 9th port will be the standby port.
Configuring SNMP
The PT-7728-PTP supports SNMP V1, V2c, and V3. SNMP V1 and SNMP V2c use a community string match for
authentication, which means that S NMP servers access all objects with read-only or read/write permissions
using the community strings public and private by default. SNMP V3 requires that you select an authentication
level of MD5 or SHA, and is the most secure protocol. You can also enable data encryption to enhance data
security.
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Supported SNMP security modes and levels are shown in the following table. Select the security mode and level
that will be used to communicate between the SNMP agent and manager.
Protocol
Version
UI Setting Authentication Encryption Method
SNMP V1,
V2c
V1, V2c Read
Community
Community string No Uses a community string match for
authentication.
V1, V2c
Write/Read
Community
Community string No Uses a community string match for
authentication.
SNMP V3 No-Auth No No Uses an account with admin or user to
access objects
MD5 or SHA Authentication based
on MD5 or SHA
No Povides authentication based on
HMAC-MD5, or HMAC-SHA algorithms.
8-character passwords are the
minimum requirement for
authentication.
MD5 or SHA Authentication based
on MD5 or SHA
Data
encryption
key
Provides authentication based on
HMAC-MD5 or HMAC-SHA algorithms,
and data encryption key. 8-character
passwords and a data encryption key
are the minimum requirements for
authentication .and encryption.
These parameters are configured on the SNMP page. A more detailed explanation of each parameter is given
below the figure.
SNMP Read/Write Settings
SNMP Versions
Setting Description Factory Default
V1, V2c, V3, or
V1, V2c, or
V3 only
Specifies the SNMP protocol version used to manage the
switch.
V1, V2c
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V1, V2c Read Community
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. 30 characters Specifies the community string to authenticate the SNMP agent
for read-only access. The SNMP agent will access all ob jects
with read-only permissions using this community string.
Public
V1, V2c Write/Read Community
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. 30 characters Specifies the community string to authenticate the SNMP agent
for read/write access. The SNMP server will access all objects
with read/write permissions using this community string.
Private
For SNMP V3, there are two levels of p rivilege for different accounts to acces s the PT-7728-PTP. Admin
privilege provides access and authorization to read and write the MIB file. User privilege allows reading of the
MIB file only.
Admin Auth. Type (for SNMP V1, V2c, V3, and V3 only)
Setting Description Factory Default
No-Auth Sllows the admin account to access objects without
authentication.
No
MD5Auth
Authentication will be based on the HMAC-MD5 algorithms.
8-character passwords are the minimum requirement for
authentication.
No
SHAAuth
Authentication will be based on the HMAC-SHA algorithms.
8-character passwords are the minimum requirement for
authentication.
No
Admin Data Encryption Key (for SNMP V1, V2c, V3, and V3 only)
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable Enables data encryption using the specified data encryption key
(between 8 and 30 characters).
No
Disable Specifies that data will not be encrypted. No
User Auth. Type (for SNMP V1, V2c, V3 and V3 only)
Setting Description Factory Default
No-Auth Allows the admin account and user account to access objects
without authentication.
No
MD5-Auth Authentication will be based on the HMAC-MD5 algorithms.
8-character passwords are the minimum requirement for
authentication.
No
SHA-Auth Authentication will be based on the HMAC-SHA algorithms.
8-character passwords are the minimum requirement for
authentication.
No
User Data Encryption Key (for SNMP V1, V2c, V3 and V3 only)
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable Enables data encryption using the specified data encryption key
(between 8 and 30 characters).
No
Disable No data encryption No
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Trap Settings
SNMP Trap Mode
In Trap mode, the SNMP agent sends an SNMPv1 trap PDU to the NMS. No acknowledgment is sent back from
the NMS so the agent has no way of knowing if the trap reached the NMS.
SNMP Inform Mode
SNMPv2 provides an inform mechanism. When an inform message is sent from the SNMP agent to the NMS, the
receiver sends a response to the sender acknowledging receipt of the event. This behavior is similar to that of
the get and set request. If the SNMP agent doesn’t receive a response from the NMS for a period of time, the
agent will resend the trap to the NMS agent. The maximum timeout time is 300 seconds (default is 1 second),
and the maximum number of retries is 99 times (default is 1 time). When the SNMP agent receives
acknowledgement from the NMS, it will stop resending the inform messages.
1st Trap Server IP/Name
Setting Description Factory Default
IP or Name Enter the IP address or name of the Trap Server used by your
network.
None
1st Trap Community
Setting Description Factory Default
character string Use a community string match for
authentication (maximum of
30 characters).
public
2nd Trap Server IP/Name
Setting Description Factory Default
Retries Enter Inform Retry number 1
Time out Enter Inform Timeout window 1
Private MIB information
Switch Object ID
Setting Description Factory Default
8691.7.42 Indicates the PT-7728-PTP’s enterprise value. Fixed
NOTE: The Switch Object ID cannot be changed.
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Using Communication Redundancy
Communication redundancy on your network helps protect critical links against failure, protects against
network loops, and keeps network downtime at a minimum.
Communication redundancy functions allow the user to set up redundant rings in the network to provide a
backup data transmission route in the event that a cable is inadvertently disconnected or damaged. This is a
particularly important feature for industrial applications, since it could take several minutes to locate the
disconnected or severed cable. For example, if the PT-7728-PTP is used as a key communications component
of a production line, several minutes of d owntime can result in a big loss in production and revenue. The
PT-7728-PTP supports three different protocols for communication redundancy—Rapid Spanning Tree
Protocol (IEEE-802.1w), Turbo Ring, and Turbo Ring V2.
When configuring a redundant ring, all switches on th e same ring must be configured using the same
redundancy protocol. You cannot mix the Turbo Ring, Turbo Ring V2, and STP/RSTP protocols within a ring. The
following table lists the key differences between each feature. Use this information to evaluate the benefits of
each, and then determine which features are most suitable for your network.
Turbo Ring V2 Turbo Ring STP RSTP
Topology Ring Ring Ring, Mesh Ring, Mesh
Recovery Time < 20 ms < 300 ms Up to 30 sec. Up to 5 sec
NOTE Most Moxa managed switches support two proprietary Turbo Ring protocols:
• Turbo Ring refers to the original version of Moxa’s proprietary redundant ring protocol, which has a
recovery time of under 300 ms.
• Turbo Ring V2 refers to the new generation Turbo Ring, which has a recovery time of under 20 ms.
The Turbo Ring Concept
Moxa developed the proprietary Turbo Ring protocol to optimize communication redundancy and achieve a
faster recovery time on the network.
The Turbo Ring and Turbo Ring V2 protocols designate one switch as the master of the network, and then
automatically block packets from traveling through any of the network’s redundant loops. In the event that one
branch of the ring gets disconnected from the rest of the network, the protocol automatically readjusts the ring
so that the part of the network that was disconnected can reestablish contact wit h the rest of the network.
Initial setup for Turbo Ring or Turbo Ring V2
1. For each switch in the ring, select any two ports as
the redundant ports.
2. Connect redundant ports on neighboring switches to
form the redundant ring.
The user does not need to manually assign the master with Turbo Ring or Turbo Ring V2. If a master switch is
not assigned, the protocol automatically selects one of the switches to be the master. The master is only used
to identify which segment in the redundant ring acts as the backup path. In the following subsections, we
explain how the redundant path is selec ted for rings configured for Turbo Ring and Turbo Ring V2.
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Determining the Redundant Path for Turbo Ring
In this case, the redundant segment (i.e., the segment tha t will be blocked during normal o peration) is
determined by the number of PT series Ethernet switches in the ring and by the location of the master switch.
Turbo Ring with even number of switches
If the number of Ethernet switches in the Turbo Ring is
2N (an even number), the backup segment is one of the
two segments connected to the (N+1)st switch (i.e.,
the unit directly opposite the master).
Turbo Ring with odd number switches
If the number of Ethernet switches in the Turbo Ring is
2N+1 (an odd number), the backup segm ent is the
(N+1)st segment counting counterclockwise.
For the example shown here, N=1, so that N+1=2.
Determining the Redundant Path for Turbo Ring V2
For Turbo Ring V2, the backup segment is the
segment connected to the 2nd redunda nt port on the
master.
Refer to Configuring Turbo Ring V2 later in this
chapter for details.
Ring Coupling Configuration
For some systems, it may not be convenient to connect all devices in the system in a single redundant ring,
since some devices could be located in a remote area. For these systems, Ring Coupling can be used to group
devices into smaller redundant rings that co mmunicate with each other.
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ATTENTION
In a VLAN environment, the user must configure the Redundant Port Coupling Port and
Coupling Control
Port to join all VLANs, since these ports act as the backbone
to transmit all packets of different VLANs to the
different PT series Ethernet switches.
Ring Coupling for Turbo Ring
To configure the ring coupling for a Turbo Ring, select two PT series Ethernet switches (e.g., Switch A and
Switch B in the above figure) in the ring, and another two PT series Ethernet switches in the adjacent ring (e.g.,
Switch C and Switch D).
Select two ports on each switch to be used as coupling ports and link them together. Next, assign one switch
(e.g., Switch A) to be the coupler and connect the coupl er ’ s coupling control port with Switch B (for this
example).
The coupler switch (i.e., Switch A) will monitor switch B through the coupling control port to determine whether
or not the coupling port’s backup path should be recovered.
Ring Coupling for Turbo Ring V2
Note that the ring coupling settings for a Turbo Ring V2 are different from a Turbo Ring. For Turbo Ring V2,
ring coupling is enabled by configuring the Coupling Port (Primary) on Switch B and the Coupling Port
(Backup) on Switch A only. You do not need to set up a coupling control port, so Turbo Ring V2 does not
require a coupling control line.
The Coupling Port (Backup) on Switch A is used for the backup path and connects directly to a network port
on Switch C. The Coupling Port (Primary) on Switch B monitors the status of the main path, and connects
directly to an extra network port on Switch D. With ring coupling established, Switch A can activate the backup
path as soon as it detects a problem with the main path.
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ATTENTION
Ring coupling only needs to be enabled on one of the switches serving as the ring coupler. The coupler must
assign separate ports for the two Turbo Ring ports and the coupling port.
NOTE You do not need to use the same PT series E thernet switch for both ring coupling and ring master.
Dual-Homing Configuration for Turbo Ring V2
Dual-homing is only supported with Turbo Ring V2 and is used to connect two networks through a single
Ethernet switch. The primary path is the operating connection, and the backup path is a back-up connection
that is activated in the event that the primary path connection fails.
Dual-Homing for Turbo Ring V2
Configuring Turbo Ring and Turbo Ring V2
On the Communication Redundancy page, select Turbo Ring or Turbo Ring V2 as the Redundancy
Protocol. Note that each protocol's configuration page is different.
Configuring Turbo Ring
"Current Status" Items
Now Active
Shows which communication protocol is in use: Turbo Ring, Turbo Ring V2, RSTP, or none.
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Master/Slave
Indicates whether or not the PT-7728-PTP is the master of the Turbo Ring. This field appears only for Turbo
Ring or Turbo Ring V2.
NOTE The user does not need to assign the master to use Turbo Ring or Turbo Ring V2. If a master is not
assigned,
the Turbo Ring protocol will automatically assign master status to one of the PT
series Ethernet switches in the
ring. The master is only used to determ ine which segment serves as the backup path.
Redundant Ports Status (1st Port, 2nd Port)
Ring Coupling Ports Status (Coupling Port, Coupling Cont rol Port)
The Ports Status indicators show Forwarding for normal transmission, Blocking if the port is part of a
backup path that is currently blocked, and Link down if there is no connection.
“Settings” Items
Redundancy Protocol
Setting Description Factory Default
Turbo Ring Selects the Turbo Ring protocol. RSTP (IEEE
802.1w/1D)
Turbo Ring V2 Selects the Turbo Ring V2 protocol.
RSTP (IEEE 802.1w/1D) Selects the RSTP protocol.
None Disables ring redundancy.
Set as Master
Setting Description Factory Default
Enabled The PT-7728-PTP is selected manually as the master. Not checked
Disabled The Turbo Ring or Turbo Ring V2 protocol will automatically
select the master.
Redundant Ports
Setting Description Factory Default
1st Port Specifies which port on the PT-7728-PTP will be used as the
first redundant port.
Depends on the
installed slot
2nd Port Specifies which port on the PT-7728-PTP will be used as the
second redundant port.
Depends on the
installed slot
Enable Ring Coupling
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable Specifies that this PT-7728-PTP will be a ring coupler. Not checked
Disable Specifies that this PT-7728-PTP is not a ring coupler.
Coupling Port
Setting Description Factory Default
Coupling Port Specifies which port o n the PT-7728-PTP will be used as the
coupling port.
Depends on the
installed slot
Coupling Control Port
Setting Description Factory Default
Coupling Control Port Specifies which port on the PT-7728-PTP will be used as the
coupling control port.
Depends on the
installed slot
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Configuring Turbo Ring V2
NOTE When using a dual-
ring architecture, users must complete configuration for both Ring 1 and Ring 2. The status
of both rings will appear under Current Status.
“Current Status” Items
Now Active
Shows which communication protocol is in use: Turbo Ring, Turbo Ring V2, RSTP, or none.
Ring 1/2—Status
Shows Healthy if the ring is operating normally, and Break if the ring’s backup link is active.
Ring 1/2—Master/Slave
Indicates whether or not the PT-7728-PTP is the master of the Turbo Ring. This field appears only when
selected to operate in Turbo Ring or Turbo Ring V2 mode.
NOTE The user does not need to assign the master to use Turbo Ring or Turbo Ring V2. If a master is not
assigned,
the Turbo Ring protocol will automatically assign master status to one of the PT series Ethernet switches in the
ring. The master is only used to determ ine which segment serves as the backup path.
Ring 1/2—1st Ring Port Status
Ring 1/2—2nd Ring Port Status
The Ports Status indicators show Forwarding for normal transmission, Blocking if this port is connected to
a backup path and the path is blocked, and Link down if there is no connection.
Coupling—Mode
Indicates either None, Dual Hom in g, or Ring Coupling.
Coupling—Coupling Port status
Indicates either Primary, or Backup.
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“Settings” Items
Redundancy Protocol
Setting Description Factory Default
Turbo Ring Selects the Turbo Ring protocol. RSTP (IEEE
802.1w/1D)
Turbo Ring V2 Selects the Turbo Ring V2 protocol.
RSTP (IEEE
802.1W/1D)
Selects the RSTP protocol.
None Disables ring redundancy.
Enable Ring 1
Setting Description Factory Default
Enabled Enables Ring 1. Not checked
Disabled Disables Ring 1.
Enable Ring 2*
Setting Description Factory Default
Enabled Enables Ring 2. Not checked
Disabled Disables Ring 2.
*Both Ring 1 and Ring 2 must be enabled when using the dual-ring architecture.
Set as Master
Setting Description Factory Default
Enabled The PT-7728-PTP is manually selected as the master. Not checked
Disabled The Turbo Ring or Turbo Ring V2 protocol will automatically
select the master.
Redundant Ports
Setting Description Factory Default
1st Port Specifies which port on the PT-7728-PTP will be used as the
first redundant port.
Depends on the
installed slot
2nd Port Specifies which port on the PT-7728-PTP will be used as the
second redundant port.
Depends on the
installed slot
Enable Ring Coupling
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable Specifies that this PT-7728-PTP will be a r i n g coupler. Not checked
Disable Specifies that this PT-7728-PTP is not a ring coupler.
Coupling Mode
Setting Description Factory Default
Dual Homing Enables dual homing through the PT-7728-PTP. Depends on the
installed slot
Ring Coupling
(backup)
Specifies that the PT-7728-PTP will be used for a ring coupling
backup connection.
Depends on the
installed slot
Ring Coupling
(primary)
Specifies that the PT-7728-PTP will be used for a ring coupling
primary connection.
Depends on the
installed slot
Primary/Backup Port
Setting Description Factory Default
Primary Port Specifies which port on the PT-7728-PTP will be used as
primary port.
Depends on the
installed slot
Backup Port Specifies which p ort on the PT-7728-PTP will be used as the
backup port.
Depends on the
installed slot
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The Turbo Chain Concept
Moxa’s Turbo Chain is an advanced software-technology that gives network administrators the flexibility of
constructing any type of redundant network topology. When using the “chain” concept, you first connect the
Ethernet switches in a chain and then simply link the two ends of the chain to an Ethernet network, as
illustrated in the fig u res below.
Turbo Chain can be used on industrial networks that have a complex topology. If the industrial network uses a
multi-ring architecture, Turbo Chain can be used to create flexible and scalable topologies with a fast
media-recovery time.
Setting Up Turbo Chain
1. Select the Head switch, Tail switch, and Member sw itches.
2. Configure one port as the Head port and one port as the Member port in the Head switch, configure one
port as the Tail port and one port as the Member port in the Tail switch, and configure two ports as Member
ports in each of the Member switches.
3. Connect the Head switch, Tail switch, and Member switches as shown in the diagram.
The path connecting to the Head port is the main path, and the path connecting to the Tail port is the back up
path of the Turbo Chain. Under nor mal conditions, packets are transmitted through the Head Port to the LA N
Network. If any Turbo Chain path is disconnected, the Tail Port will be activated to continue packet
transmission.
Configuring “Turbo Chain”
Head Switch Configuration
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Member Switch Configuration
Tail Switch Configuration
Explanation of “Current Status” Items
Now Active
Shows which communication protocol is in use: Turbo Ring, Turbo Ring V2, RSTP, Turbo Chain or None.
The “Ports Status” indicators show Forwarding for normal transmission, Blocked if this port is connected to
the Tail port as a backup path and the path is blocked, and Link down if there is no connection.
Explanation of “Settings” Items
Redundancy Protocol
Setting Description Factory Default
Turbo Ring Select this item to change to the Turbo Ring configuration page. RSTP (IEEE
802.1w/1D)
Turbo Ring V2 Select this item to change to the Turbo Ring V2 configuration page.
Turbo Chain Select this item to change to the Turbo Chain configuration page
RSTP (IEEE
802.1W/1D)
Select this item to change to the RSTP configuration page.
None Ring redundancy is not active
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The STP/RSTP Concept
Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) was designed to help reduce link failures in a network and provide protection
from loops. Networks that have a complicated architecture are prone to broadcast storms caused by
unintended loops in the network. The PT-7728-PTP’s STP feature is disabled by default. To be completely
effective, you must enable RSTP/STP on every PT-7728-PTP connected to your network.
Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) implements the Spanning Tree Algorithm and Protocol defined by IEEE
Std 802.1w-2001. RSTP provides the following benefits:
• The topology of a bridged network will be determined much more quickly compared to STP.
• RSTP is backward compatible with STP, making it relatively easy to deploy. For example:
It defaults to sending 802.1D style BP DUs if packets with this format are received.
STP (802.1D) and RSTP (802.1 w) can operate on different ports of the same PT-7728-PTP. This feature is
particularly helpful when PT-7728-PTP ports connect to older equipment, such as leg acy switches.
You get essentially the same functionality with RSTP and STP. To see how the two systems differ, refer to the
Differences between RSTP and STP section later in this chapter.
NOTE The STP protocol is part of the IEEE Std 802.1D, 1998 Edition bridge specification. The explanation given
below uses bridge instead of switch.
What is STP?
STP (802.1D) is a bridge-based system that is used to implement parallel paths for network traffic. STP uses a
loop-detection process to:
• Locate and then disable less efficient paths (i.e., paths that have a lower bandwidth)
• Enable one of the less efficient paths if the most efficient path fails
The figure below shows a network made up of three LANs separated by three bridges. Each segment uses at
most two paths to communicate with the other segments. Since this configuration can give rise to loops, the
network will overload if STP is not enabled.
If STP is enabled, it will detect duplicate paths and prevent, or block, one of them from forwarding traffic. In the
following example, STP determined that traffic from LAN segment 2 to LAN segment 1 should flow through
Bridges C and A because this path has a greater bandwidth and is therefore more efficient.
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What happens if a link failure is detected? As shown in next figure, the STP process reconfigures the network
so that traffic from LAN segment 2 flows through Bridge B.
STP will determine which path between each bridged segment is most efficient, and then assign a specific
reference point on the network. When the most efficient path has been identified, the other paths are blocked.
In the above 3 figures, STP first determined that the path through Bridge C was the most efficient, and as a
result, blocked the path through Bridge B. After the failure of Bridge C, STP re-evaluated the situation and
opened the path through Bridge B.
How STP Works
When enabled, STP determines the most appropriate path for traffic through a network. The method is
described below:
STP Requirements
Before STP can configure the network, the system must satisfy the following requirements:
• Communication must be established b etween all bridges. This communication is carried out using Bridge
Protocol Data Units (BPDUs), which are transmitted in packets with a known multicast address.
• Each bridge must have a Bridge Identifier that specifies which bridge acts as the central reference point, or
Root Bridge, for the STP system. Bridges with a lower Bri dge Identifier are m ore likely to be designated as
the Root Bridge. The Bridge Identifier is calculated using the MAC address of the bridge and a priority
defined for the bridge. The default priority of PT-7728-PTP is 32768.
• Each port has a cost that specifies th e ef f iciency of each link. The efficiency cost is usually determined by
the bandwidth of the link, with less efficient links assigned a higher cost. The following table shows the
default port costs for a switch:
Port Speed Path Cost 802.1D,
1998 Edition
Path Cost
802.1w-2001
10 Mbps 100 2,000,000
100 Mbps 19 200,000
1000 Mbps 4 20,000
STP Calculation
The first step of the STP process is to perfo rm calculations. During this stage, each bridge on the network
transmits BPDUs. The following items will then be calculated:
• The bridge that will act as the Root Bridge. The Root Bridge is the central refer ence point from which the
network is configured.
• The Root Path Costs for each bridge. This is the cost of the paths from each bridge to the Root Bridge.
• The identity of each bridge’s Root Port. The Root Port is the port on the bridge that connects to the Root
Bridge via the most efficient path. In other words, this port connects to the Root Bridge via the path with the
lowest Root Path Cost. The Root Bridge itself does not have a Root Port.
• The identity of the Designated Bridge for each LAN segment. The Designated Bridge is the bridge with the
lowest Root Path Cost from that segment. If several bridges have the same Root Path Cost, the one with the
lowest Bridge Identifier becomes th e Designated Bridge. Traffic transmitted in the direction of the Root
Bridge will flow through the Designated Bridge. The port on this bridge that connects to the segment is
called the Designated Bridge Port.
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STP Configuration
After all the bridges on the network agree on the identity of the Root Bridge and all relevant parameters have
been established, each bridge is configured to forward traffic only between its Root Port and the Designated
Bridge Ports for their respective network segments. All other ports are blocked, which means that they will not
be allowed to receive or forward traffic.
STP Reconfiguration
Once the network topology has stabilized, each bridge listens for “Hello” BPDU s that are tra nsmit ted f rom the
Root Bridge at regular intervals. If a bridge does not receive a “Hello” BPDU after a certain interval (the Max
Age time), the bridge assumes that the Ro ot Bridge, or a link between itself and the Root Bridge, has gone
down. This will trigger the bridge to reconfigure the networ k to account for the ch ange. If you have configured
an SNMP trap destination, the first bridge to detect a topology change in your network sends out an SNMP trap.
Differences between RSTP and STP
RSTP is similar to STP, but includes additional information in the BPDUs that allow each bridge to confirm that
it has taken action to prevent loops from forming when it decides to enable a link to a neighboring bridge.
Adjacent bridges connected via point-to-point links will be able to enable a link without waiting to ensure that
all other bridges in the networ k have had time to react to the change. The main benefit of RSTP is that the
configuration decision is made locally rather than network-wide, allowing RSTP can carry out automatic
configuration and restore a link faster than STP.
STP Example
The LAN shown below has three segments, with adjacent segments connected us ing two possible links. The
various STP factors, such as Cost, Root Port, Designated Bridge Port, and Blocked Port are shown in the figure.
• Bridge A has been selected as the Root Bridge, since it was determined to have the lowest Bridge Identifier
on the network.
• Since Bridge A is the Root Bridge, it is also the Designated Bridge for LAN segment 1. Port 1 on Bridge A is
selected as the Designated Bridge Port for LAN Segment 1.
• Ports 1 of Bridges B, C, X, and Y are all Root Ports si ne they are neare st to the Root Br idge, an d there fore
have the most efficient path .
• Bridges B and X offer the same Root Path Cost for LAN segment 2. However, Bridge B was selected as the
Designated Bridge for that segment since it has a lower Bridge Identifier. Port 2 on Bridge B is selected as
the Designated Bridge Port for LAN Segment 2.
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• Bridge C is the Designated Bridge for LAN segment 3, because it has the lowest Roo t Path Cost for LAN
Segment 3:
The route through Bridges C and B costs 200 (C to B=100, B to A=100)
The route through Bridges Y and B costs 300 (Y to B=200, B to A=100)
• The Designated Bridge Port for LAN Segment 3 is Port 2 on Bridge C.
Using STP on a Network with Multiple VLANs
IEEE Std 802.1D, 1998 Edition, does not take into accoun t VLANs when calculating STP information—the
calculations only depend on the physical connections. Consequently, some network configurations will result in
VLANs being subdivided into a number of isolated sections by the STP system. You must ensure that every
VLAN configuration on your network takes into account the expected STP topology and alternative topologies
that may result from link failures.
The following figure shows an example of a network that contains VLANs 1 and 2. The VLANs are connected
using the 802.1Q-tagged link between Switch B and Switch C. By default, this link has a port cost of 100 and
is automatically blocked because the other Switch-to-Switch connections have a port cost of 36 (18+18). This
means that both VLANs are now subdivided—VLAN 1 on Switch units A and B cannot communicate with VLAN
1 on Switch C, and VLAN 2 on Switch units A and C cannot communicate with VLAN 2 on Switch B.
To avoid subdividing VLANs, all inter-switch connections should be made members of all available 802.1Q
VLANs. This will ensure connectivity at all times. For example, the connections between Switches A and B, and
between Switches A and C should be 802.1Q tagged and carrying VLANs 1 and 2 to ensure connectivity.
See the Configuring Virtual LANs section for more information about VLAN Tagging.
Configuring STP/RSTP
The following figures indicate whi ch S p a nning Tree Protocol parameters can be configured. A more detailed
explanation of each parameter is given below the figur e.
At the top of this page, the user can check th e Current Status of this function. For RSTP, you will see:
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Now Active:
This field shows which communication protocol i s being used—Turbo Ring, RSTP, or neither.
Root/Not Root
This field appears only for RSTP mode. It indicates whether or not this PT-7728-PTP is the Root of the Spanning
Tree (the root is determined automatically).
At the bottom of this page, the user can configure the Settings for the selected protocol. For RSTP, you can
configure:
Protocol of Redundancy
Setting Description Factory Default
Turbo Ring Selects the Turbo Ring protocol. RSTP (IEEE
802.1w/1D)
Turbo Ring V2 Selects the Turbo Ring V2 protocol.
RSTP (IEEE 802.1W/1D) Selects the RSTP protoco l.
None Disables ring redundancy.
Bridge Priority
Setting Description Factory Default
Numerical value selected
by user
Specifies the PT-7728-PTP's bridge
priority. A lower number
means a higher priority, which means a greater chance of
being established as the root of the Spanning Tree topology.
32768
Forwarding Delay
Setting Description Factory Default
Numerical value inpu t
by user
Specifies the amount of time this device will wait before
checking to see if it should change to a dif ferent state.
15 (sec.)
Hello Time (sec.)
Setting Description Factory Default
Numerical value inpu t
by user
Specifies the time interval between “hello” messages broadcast
by the root of the Spanning Tree topology. The “hello” message
is used to check if the topology is healthy.
2
Max. Age (sec.)
Setting Description Factory Default
Numerical value inpu t
by user
Specifies the amount of time to wait for a “hello” message from
the root before the PT-7728-PTP will reconfigure itself as a root.
When two or more devices on the network are recognized as a
root, the devices will renegotiate to set up a new Spanning Tree
topology.
20
Enable STP per Port
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable/Disable Includes the selected port as a node on the Spanning Tree
topology.
Disabled
NOTE To prevent unnecessary negotiation, we
suggest that you disable the Spanning Tree Protocol for ports that
are connected directly to a device (PLC, RTU, etc.) as opposed to network equipment.
Port Priority
Setting Description Factory Default
Numerical value Specifies the port’s priority as a node on the Spanning Tree 128
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selected by user topology. Lower values correspond to higher priority.
Port Cost
Setting Description Factory Default
Numerical value inpu t
by user
Specifies the port cost. Higher costs correspond to lower
suitability as a node for the Spanning Tree topology.
200000
Port Status
Indicates the current Spanning Tree status of this port. Forwarding indicates normal transmission and
Blocking indicates blocked transmission.
Configuration Limits of RSTP/STP
The Spanning Tree Algorithm places limits on three of the configuration items:
[Eq. 1]: 1 sec ≦ H ello Tim e ≦ 1 0 sec
[Eq. 2]: 6 sec ≦ Max. Age ≦ 40 sec
[Eq. 3]: 4 sec ≦ Forwarding Delay ≦ 30 sec
These three variables are further restricted by the following two inequalities:
[Eq. 4]: 2 * (Hello T ime + 1 sec) ≦ Max. Age ≦ 2 * (Forwarding Delay – 1 sec)
The PT-7728-PTP’s firmware will alert you immediately if any of these restrictions are violated. For example,
suppose Hello Time = 5 sec, Max. Age = 20 sec, and Forwarding Delay = 4 sec. This does not violate Eqs. 1
through 3, but it violates Eq. 4:
2 * (Hello Time + 1 sec) = 12 sec, and 2 * (Forwarding Delay – 1 sec) = 6 sec.
You can remedy the situation in any number of ways. One solution is simply to increase the Forwarding Delay
value to at least 11 seconds.
HINT: Take the following steps to avoid guessing:
Step 1: Assign a value to “Hello Time” and then calculate the left most part of Eq. 4 to get the lower limit of
Max. Age.
Step 2: Assign a value to “Forwarding Delay” and then calculate the right most part of Eq. 4 to get the upper
limit for Max. Age.
Step 3: Assign a value to Forwarding Delay that satisfies the conditions in Eq. 3 and Eq. 4.
Using Traffic Prioritization
The PT-7728-PTP’s traffic prioritization capability provides Quality of Service (QoS) to your network by maki ng
data delivery more reliable. You can prioritize traffic on your network to ensure that high priority data is
transmitted with minimum delay. Traffic can be controlled by a set of rules to obtain the required Quality of
Service for your network. The rules define different types of traffic and specify how each type should be treated
as it passes through the switch. The PT-7728-PTP can inspect both IEEE 802.1p/1Q layer 2 CoS tags, and even
layer 3 TOS information to provide consistent classification of the entire network. The PT-7728-PTP’s QoS
capability improves the performance and determinism of industrial networks for mission critical applications.
The Traffic Prioritization Concept
What is Traffic Prioritization?
Traffic prioritization allows you to prioritize data so that time-sensitive and system-critical data can be
transferred smoothly and with minimal delay over a network. The benefits of using traffic prioritization are:
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• Improve network performance by controlling a wide variety of traffic and managing congestion.
• Assign priorities to different categories of traffic. For example, set higher priorities for time-critical or
business-critical applications.
• Provide predictable throughput for multimedia applications, such as video conferencing or voice over IP,
and minimize traffic delay and jitter.
• Improve network performance as the amount of traffic grows. This will save cost by reducing the need to
keep adding bandwidth to the network.
How Traffic Prioritization Works
Traffic prioritization uses the four traffic queues that are present in your PT-7728-PTP to ensure that high
priority traffic is forwarded on a different queue from lower priority traffic. This is what provides Quality of
Service (QoS) to your network.
The PT-7728-PTP traffic prioritization depends on two industry-standard methods:
• IEEE 802.1D—a layer 2 marking scheme.
• Differentiated Services (DiffServ)—a layer 3 marking scheme.
IEEE 802.1D Traffic Marking
The IEEE Std 802.1D, 1998 Edition marking scheme, which is an enhancement to IEEE Std 802.1D, enables
Quality of Service on the LAN. Traffic service levels are defined in the IEEE 802.1Q 4-byte tag, which is used to
carry VLAN identification as well as IEEE 802.1p priority information. The 4-byte tag immediately follows the
destination MAC address and Source MAC address.
The IEEE Std 802.1D, 1998 Edition priority marking sche me assigns an IEEE 802.1p priority level between 0
and 7 to each frame to determine the level of service that that type of traffic should receive. Refer to the table
below for an example of how different traffic types can be mapped to the eight IEEE 802.1p priority levels.
IEEE 802.1p Priority Level IEEE 802.1D Traffic Type
0 Best Effort (default)
1 Background
2 Standard (spare)
3 Excellent Effort (business critical)
4 Controlled Load (streaming multimedia)
5 Video (interactive media); less than 100 milliseconds of latency and jitter
6 Voice (interactive voice); less than 10 milliseconds of latency and jitter
7 Network Control Reserved traffic
Even though the IEEE 802.1D standard is the most widely used prioritization scheme in the LAN environment,
it still has some restrictions:
• It requires an additional 4-byte tag in the frame, which is normally optional in Ethernet networks. Without
this tag, the scheme cannot work.
• The tag is part of the IEEE 802 .1Q header, so to implement QoS at la yer 2, the entire network must
implement IEEE 802.1Q VLAN tagging.
It is only supported on a LAN and not across routed WAN links, since the IEEE 802.1Q tags are removed when
the packets pass through a router.
Differentiated Services (DiffServ) Traffic Marking
DiffServ is a Layer 3 marking scheme that uses the DiffServ Code Point (DSCP) field in the IP header to store
the packet priority information. DSCP is an advanced intelligent method of traffic marking because you can
choose how your network prioritizes different types of traffic. DSCP uses 64 values that map to user-defined
service levels, allowing you to establish more control over network traffic.
Advantages of DiffServ over IEEE 802.1D are:
• Configure how you want your switch to treat selected applications and types of traffic by assigning various
grades of network service to them.
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• No extra tags are required in the packet.
• DSCP uses the IP header of a packet and therefore priority is preserved across the Internet.
• DSCP is backward compatible with IPV4 TOS, which allows operation with existing devices that use a layer
3 TOS enabled prioritization scheme.
Traffic Prioritization
The PT-7728-PTP classifies traffic b ased on layer 2 of the OSI 7 layer model, and the switch prioritizes received
traffic according to the priority information defined in the received packet. Incoming traffic is classified based
upon the IEEE 802.1D frame and is assigned to the appropriate priority queue based on the IEEE 802.1p service
level value defined in that packet. Service level markings (values) are defined in the IEEE 802.1Q 4-byte tag,
and consequently traffic will only contain 802.1p priority markings if the network is configured with VLANs an d
VLAN tagging. The traffic flow through the switch is as follows:
A packet received by the PT-7728-PTP may or may not have an 802.1p tag associated with it. If it does not,
then it is given a default 802.1p tag (which is usually 0). Alternatively, the packet may be marked with a new
802.1p value, which will result in all knowledge of the old 802.1p tag being lost.
Because the 802.1p priority levels are fixed to the traffic queues, the packet will be placed in the appropriate
priority queue, ready for transmission through the appropriate egres s port. When the packet reaches the head
of its queue and is about to be transmitted, the device determines whether or not the egress port is tagged for
that VLAN. If it is, then the ne w 802.1p tag is used in the extended 802.1D header.
The PT-7728-PTP will check a packet received at the ingress port for IEEE 802.1D tra ffic classification, and then
prioritize it based upon the IEEE 802.1p value (service levels) in that tag. It is this 802.1p value that
determines which traffic queue the packet is mapped to.
Traffic Queues
The PT-7728-PTP hardware has multiple traffic queues that allow packet prioritization to occur. Higher priority
traffic can pass through the PT-7728-PTP without being delayed by lower priority traffic. As each packet arrives
in the PT-7728-PTP, it passes through any ingress processing (which includes classification,
marking/re-marking), and is then sorted into the appropriate queue. The switch then forwards packets from
each queue.
The PT-7728-PTP supports two different queuing mechanisms:
• Weight Fair: This method services all the traffic queues, giving priority to the higher priority queues.
Under most circumstances, this method gives high priority precedence over low-priority, but in the event
that high-priority traffic except the link capacity, lower priority traffic is not blocked.
• Strict: This method services high traffic queues first; low priority queues are delayed until no more high
priority data nePT to be sent. This method always gives precedence to high priority over low-priority.
Configuring Traffic Prioritization
Quality of Service (QoS) provides a traffic prioritization capability to ensure that important data is delivered
consistently and predictably. The PT-7728-PTP can inspect IEEE 802.1p/1Q layer 2 CoS tags, and even layer 3
TOS information, to provide a consistent classification of the entire network. The PT-7728-PTP’ QoS capability
improves your industrial network’s performance and determinism for mission critical applications.
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QoS Classification
The PT-7728-PTP supports inspection of layer 3 TOS and/or layer 2 CoS tag information to determine how to
classify traffic packets.
Queuing Mechanism
Setting Description Factory Default
Weight Fair The PT-7728-PTP has 4 priority queues. In the weight fair
scheme, 8, 4, 2, 1 weighting is a pplied to the four priorities.
This approach prevents the lower priority frames from being
starved of opportunity for transmission with only a slight del ay
to the higher priority frames.
Weight Fair
Strict In the Strict-priority scheme , all to p-priority frames egress a
port until that priority’s q u eue is empty, and then the next
lower priority queue’s frames egress. This approach can cause
the lower priorities to be starved of opportunity for transmitting
any frames but ensures all high priority frames to egress the
switch as soon as possible.
Inspect TOS
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable/Disable Enables or disables the PT-7728-PTP to inspect the Type of
Service (TOS) bits in IPV4 frame to determine the priority of
each frame.
Enable
Inspect COS
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable/Disable Enables or disables the PT-7728-PTP to inspect the 802.1p COS
tag in the MAC frame to determine the priority of each frame.
Enable
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CoS Mapping
Setting Description Factory
Low/Normal/
Medium/High
Maps different CoS values to 4 different egress queues. 0: Low
1: Low
2: Normal
3: Normal
4: Medium
5: Medium
6: High
7: High
TOS/DiffServ Mapping
Setting Description Factory Default
Low/Normal/
Medium/High
Maps different TOS values to 4 differen t egress queues. 1 to 16: Low
17 to 32: Normal
33 to 48: Medium
49 to 64: High
Using Virtual LAN
Setting up Virtual LANs (VLANs) on your PT-7728-PTP increases the efficiency of your network by dividing the
LAN into logical segments, as opposed to physical segments. In general, VLA Ns are easier to manage.
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The Virtual LAN (VLAN) Concept
What is a VLAN?
A VLAN is a group of devices that can be located anywhere on a network, but which communicate as if they are
on the same physical segment. With VLANs, you can segment your network without being restricted by physical
connections—a limitation of traditional network design. As an example, with VLANs you can segment your
network according to:
• Departmental groups—You could have one VLAN for the marketing department, another for the finance
department, and another for the product development department.
• Hierarchical groups—You could have one VLAN for directors, another for managers, and another for
general staff.
• Usage groups—You could have one VLAN for email users and another for multimedia users.
Benefits of VLANs
The main benefit of VLANs is that they provide a network segmentation system that is far more flexible than
traditional networks. Using VLANs also provides you with three other benefits:
• VLANs ease the relocation of devices on networks. With traditional networks, network administrators
spend much of their time dealing with moves and changes. If users move to a different subnetwork, the
addresses of each host must be updated manually. With a VLAN setup, if a host on VLAN Marketing, for
example, is moved to a port in another part of the network, and retains its ori ginal subnet membership, you
only need to specify that the new port is on VLAN Marketing. You do not need to carry out an y re-cabling.
• VLANs provide extra security. Devices within each VLAN can only communicate with other dev ices on
the same VLAN. If a device on VLAN Marketing nePT to communicate with devices on VL A N Finance, the
traffic must pass through a routing device or Layer 3 switch.
• VLANs help control traffic. With traditional networks, congestion can be caused by broadcast traffic that
is directed to all network devices, regardless of whether or not they need it. VLANs increase the efficiency
of your network because each VLAN can be set up to contain only those devices that need to communicate
with each other.
VLANs and the PowerTrans
Your PT-7728-PTP provides support for VLANs using IEEE Std 802.1Q-1998. This standard allows traffic from
multiple VLANs to be carried across one physical link. The IEEE Std 802.1Q-1998 standard allows each port on
your PT-7728-PTP to be placed as follows:
• In a single VLAN defined on the PT-7728-PTP
• In several VLANs simultaneously using 802.1Q tagging
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The standard requires that you define the 802.1Q VLAN ID about each VLAN on your PT-7728-PTP before the
switch can use it to forward traffic:
Managing a VLAN
A new or initialized PT-7728-PTP contains a single VLAN—the Defaul t VLAN. This VLAN has the following
definition:
• VLAN Name—Management VLAN
• 802.1Q VLAN ID—1 (if tagging is required)
All the ports are initially placed in this VLAN, and it is the only VLAN that allows you to access the management
software of the PT-7728-PTP over the network.
Communication between VLANs
If devices connected to a VLAN need to co mmunicate to devices on a different VLAN, a router or Layer 3
switching device with connection s to b oth VLANs needs to be installed. Communication between VLANs can
only take place if they are all connected to a routing or Layer 3 switching device.
VLANs: Tagged and Untagged Membership
The PT-7728-PTP supports 802.1Q VLAN tagging, a system that allows traffic for multiple VLANs to be carried
on a single physical (backbone, trunk) link. When setting up VLANs you need to understand when to use
untagged and tagged membership of VLANs. Simply put, if a port is on a single VLAN it can be an untagged
member, but if the port needs to be a member of multiple VLANs, tagged membership must be defined.
A typical host (e.g., clients) will be untagged members of one VLAN, defined as Access Port in PT-7728-PTP,
while inter-switch connectio ns will be tagged members of all VLANs, defined as Trunk Port in PT-7728-PTP.
The IEEE Std 802.1Q-1998 defines how VLANs operate within an open packet-switched network. An 802.1Q
compliant packet carries additional information that allows a switch to determine which VLAN the port belongs
to. If a frame is carrying the additional information, it is known as a tagged frame.
To carry multiple VLANs across a single p hysical (backbone, trunk) link, each packet must be tagged with a
VLAN identifier so that the switches can identify which packets belong in which VLAN. To communicate between
VLANs, a router must be used.
The PT-7728-PTP supports two types of VLAN port settings:
• Access Port: The port connects to a single device that is not tagged. The user must define the default port
PVID that assigns which VLAN the device belongs to. Once the ingress packet of this Access Port egresses
to another Trunk Port (the port nePT all packets to carry tag inform ation), the PT-7728-PTP will insert this
PVID into this packet to help the next 802 .1Q VLAN switch recognize it.
• Trunk Port: The port connects to a LAN that consists of untagged devices, tagged devices, and/or switches
and hubs. In general, the traffic of the Trunk Port must have a Tag. Users can also assign PVID to a Trunk
Port. The untagged packet on the Trunk Port will be assigned the port default PVID as its VID.
The following section illustrates ho w to use these ports to set up different applications.
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Sample Applications of VLANs using the PT-7728-PTP
In this application,
• Port 1 connects a single untagged device and assigns it to VLAN 5; it should be configured as Access Port
with PVID 5.
• Port 2 connects a LAN with two untagged devices belonging to VLAN 2. One tagged device with VID 3 and
one tagged device with VID 4. It should be configured as Trunk Port with PVID 2 for untagged device and
Fixed VLAN (Tagged) with 3 and 4 for tagged device. Since each port can only have one unique PVID, all
untagged devices on the same port can o n ly belong to the same VLAN.
• Port 3 connects with another switch. It should be configured as Trunk Port GVRP protocol will be used
through the Trunk Port.
• Port 4 connects a single untagged device and assigns it to VLAN 2; it should be configured as Access Port
with PVID 2.
• Port 5 connects a single untagged device and assigns it to VLAN 3; it should be configured as Access Port
with PVID 3.
• Port 6 connect a single untagged device and assigns it to VLAN 5; it should be configured as Access Port
with PVID 5.
• Port 7 connects a single untagged device and assigns it to VLAN 4; it should be configured as Access Port
with PVID 4.
After proper configuration:
• Packets from Device A will travel through Trunk Port 3 with tagged VID 5. Switch B will recognize its VLAN,
pass it to port 6, and then remove tags received successfully by Device G, and vice versa.
• Packets from Devices B and C will travel through Trunk Port 3 with tagged VID 2. Switch B recognizes its
VLAN, passes it to port 4, and then remov es tags received successfully by Device F, and vice versa.
• Packets from Device D will travel through Trunk Port 3 with tagged VID 3. Switch B will recognize its VLAN,
pass to port 5, and then remove tags received successfully by Device H. Packets from Device H will travel
through Trunk Port 3 with PVID 3. Switch A will recognize its VLAN and pass it to port 2, but will not remove
tags received successfully by Device D.
• Packets from Device E will travel through Trunk Port 3 with tagged VID 4. Switch B will recognize its VLAN,
pass it to port 7, and then remove tags received successfully by Device I. Packets from Device I will travel
through Trunk Port 3 with tagged VID 4. Switch A will recognize its VLAN and pass it to port 2, but will not
remove tags received successfully by Device E.
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Configuring Virtual LAN
VLAN Settings
To configure 802.1Q VLAN on the PT-7728-PTP, use the VLAN Setting page to configure the ports.
Management VLAN ID
Setting Description Factory Default
VLAN ID from 1 to 4094 Assigns the VLAN ID of th i s PT-7728-PTP. 1
Port Type
Setting Description Factory Default
Access This port type is used to connect single d evices without tags. Access
Trunk Select Trunk
port type to connect another 802.1Q VLAN aware
switch or another LAN that combines tagged and/or untagged
devices and/or other switches/hubs.
ATTENTION
For communication redundancy in the VLAN environment, set Redundant Port Coupling Port and
Coupling Control Port as Tru n k Port since these ports act as the backbone to tr a nsmit all packets of
different VLANs to different PT-7728-PTP units.
Port PVID
Setting Description Factory Default
VID range from 1 to
4094
Sets the default VLAN ID for untagged devices that connect to
the port.
1
Fixed VLAN List (Tagged)
Setting Description Factory Default
VID range from 1 to
4094
This field will be active only when selecting the Trunk port type.
Set the other VLAN ID for tagged devices that connect to the
Trunk port. Use commas to separate different VIDs.
None
Forbidden VLAN List
Setting Description Factory Default
VID range from 1 to
4094
This field will be active only when selecting the Trunk port type.
Set the VLAN IDs that
will not be supported by this trunk port.
Use commas to separate different VIDs.
None
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VLAN Table
Use the 802.1Q VLAN table to review the VLAN groups that were created, as well as Joined Access Ports and
Trunk Ports. Use the Port-based VLAN table to review the VLAN group and Joined port.
NOTE The physical network can have a maxi mum of 64 VLAN settings.
Using Multicast Filtering
Multicast filtering improves the performance of networks that carry multicast traffic. This section explains
multicasts, multicast filtering, and how multicast filtering can be implemented on your PT-7728-PTP.
The Concept of Multicast Filtering
What is an IP Multicast?
A multicast is a packet sent by one host to multiple hosts. Only those hosts that belong to a specific multicast
group will receive the multicast. If the network is set up correctly, a multicast can only be sent to an end-station
or a subset of end-stations on a LAN or VLAN that belong to the multicast group. Multicast group members can
be distributed across multiple subnets, so that multicast transmissions can occur within a campus LAN or over
a WAN. In addition, networks that support IP multicast send only one c opy of the desired information across the
network until the delivery path that reaches group members diverges. To make more efficient use of network
bandwidth, it is only at these points that multicast packets are duplicated and forwarded. A multicast packet
has a multicast group address in the destination address field of the packet’s IP header.
Benefits of Multicast
IP multicast has the following benefits:
• Uses the most efficient, sensible method to deliver the same information to many receivers with only o n e
transmission.
• Reduces the load on the source (for example, a server) since it will not need to produce several copies of the
same data.
• Makes efficient use of network bandwidth and scales well as the number of multicast group members
increases.
• Works with other IP protocols and services, such as Quality of Service (QoS).
Multicast transmission makes more sense and is more efficient than unicast transmission for some applications.
For example, multicasts are often used for video-conferencing, since high volumes of traffic must be sent to
several end-stations at the same time, but where broadcasting the traffic to all end-stations would cause a
substantial reduction in network performance. Furthermore, several industrial automation protocols, such as
Allen-Bradley, EtherNet/IP, Siemens Profibus, and Foundation Fieldbus HSE (High Speed Ethernet), use
multicast. These industrial Ethern et protocols use publisher/subscriber communications models by
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multicasting packets that could flood a network with heavy traffic. IGMP Snooping is used to prune multicast
traffic so that it travels only to those end destinations that require the traffic, reducing the amount of traffic on
the Ethernet LAN.
Multicast Filtering
Multicast filtering ensures that only end-stations that have joined certain groups receive multicast traffic. With
multicast filtering, network devices only forward multicast traffic to the ports that are connected to registered
end-stations. The following two figures illustrate how a network behaves without multicast filtering, and with
multicast filtering.
Network without multicast filtering
All hosts receive the multicast traffic, even if they don’t need it.
Network with multicast filtering
Hosts only receive dedicated traffic from other hosts belonging to the same group.
Multicast Filtering and Moxa PowerTrans Switch
The PT-7728-PTP has three ways to achieve multicast filtering: IGMP (I nternet Group Management Protocol)
Snooping, GMRP (GARP Multicast Registration Protocol), and adding a static multicast MAC manually to filter
multicast traffic automatically.
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IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol)
Snooping Mode
Snooping Mode allows your switch to forward multicast packets only to the appropriate ports. The switch
snoops on exchanges between hosts and an IGMP device, such as a router, to find those ports that want to join
a multicast group, and then configures its filters accordingly.
Query Mode
Query mode allows the PT-7728-PTP to work as the Querier if it has the lowest IP address on the subnetwork
to which it belongs. IGMP querying is enabled by defau lt on the PT-7728-PTP to help prevent interoperability
issues with some multicast routers that may not follow the lowest IP address election method. Enable query
mode to run multicast sessions on a network that does not contain IGMP routers (or queriers).
NOTE The PT-7728-PTP is compatible with any device that conf orms to the IGMP v2 and IGMP v3 device protoco l.
IGMP Multicast Filtering
IGMP is used by IP-supporting network d evices to register hosts with multicast groups. It can be used on all
LANs and VLANs that contain a multicast capable IP router, and on other network devices that support
multicast filtering. IGMP works as follows:
The IP router (or querier) periodically sends query packets to all end-stations on the LANs or VLANs that are
connected to it. For networks with more than one IP router, the router with the lowest IP address is the querier.
A switch with IP address lower than the IP address of any other IGMP queriers connected to the LAN or VLAN
can become the IGMP querier.
When an IP host receives a query packet, it sends a report packet back that identifies the multicast group that
the end-station would like to join.
When the report packet arrives at a port on a switch with IGMP Sno o ping enabled, the switch knows that the
port should forward traffic for the multicast group, and then proceeds to forward the packet to the router.
When the router receives the report packet, it registers that the LAN or VLAN requires traffic for the multicast
groups.
When the router forwards traffic for the multicast group to the LAN or VLAN, the switches only forward the
traffic to ports that received a report packet.
GMRP (GARP Multicast Registration Protocol)
The PT-7728-PTP supports IEEE 802.1D-1998 GMRP (GARP Multicast Registration Protocol), whic h differs from
IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol). GMRP is a MAC-based multicast management protocol, whereas
IGMP is IP-based. GMRP provides a mechanism that allows bridges and end stations to register or de-register
Group membership information dynamically. GMRP functions similarly to GVRP, except that GMRP registers
multicast addresses on ports. When a port receives a GMRP-join message, it w ill register the multicast
address to its database if the multicast address is not registered, and all the mul ticast packets with that
multicast address are able to be forwarded from this port. When a port receives a GMRP-leave message, it will
de-register the multicast address from its database, and all the multicast packets with this multicast address
are not able to be forwarded from this port.
Static Multicast MAC
Some devices may only support multicast packets, but not support either IGMP Snooping or GMRP. The
PT-7728-PTP supports adding multicast groups manually to enable multicast filtering.
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Enabling Multicast Filtering
Use the serial console or Web interface to enable or disable IGMP Snoo p ing and IGMP querying. If IGMP
Snooping is not enabled, then IP multicast traffic is always forwarded, flooding the network.
Configuring IGMP Snooping
IGMP Snooping provides the ability to prune multicast traffic so that it travels only to those end destinations
that require that traffic, thereby reducing the amount of traffic on the Ethernet LAN.
IGMP Snooping Settings
IGMP Snooping Enable
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable/Disable Click the checkbox to enable the IGMP Snoo p ing function
globally.
Disabled
Query Interval
Setting Description Factory Default
Numerical value inpu t
by user
Sets the query interval of the Querier function globally. Valid
settings are from 20 to 600 seconds.
125 seconds
IGMP Snooping
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable/Disable Enables or disables the IGMP Snooping function per VLAN. E nab led if IGMP
Snooping Enabled
Globally
Querier
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable/Disable Enables or disables the PT-7728-PTP’s querier function. Enabled if IGMP
Snooping is Enabled
Globally
Static Multicast Router Port
Setting Description Factory Default
Select/Deselect Selects the ports that will connect to the multicast routers. It is
active only when IGMP Snooping is enabled.
Disabled
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NOTE At least one switch must be designated the Querier
or enable IGMP snooping and GMRP when enabling Turbo
Ring and IGMP snooping simultaneously.
IGMP Table
The PT-7728-PTP displays the current active I G MP g roups that were detected.
The information includes VID, Auto-learned Multicast Router Port, Static Multicast Router Port,
Querier Connected Port, and the IP and MAC addresses of active IGMP groups.
Add Static Multicast MAC
If required, the PT-7728-PTP also supports adding multicast groups manually.
Add New Static Multicast Address to the List
Setting Description Factory Default
MAC Address Input the multicast MAC address of this host. None
MAC Address
Setting Description Factory Default
Integer Input the number of the VLAN that the host with this MAC
address belongs to.
None
Join Port
Setting Description Factory Default
Select/Deselect Check mark the appropriate check boxes to select the join ports
for this multicast group.
None
Configuring GMRP
GMRP is a MAC-based multicast management protocol, whereas IGMP is IP-based. GMRP provides a
mechanism that allows bridges and end stations to register or un-register Group membership information
dynamically.
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GMRP enable
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable/Disable E
nables or disables the GMRP function for the port listed in t he
Port column
Disable
GMRP Table
The PT-7728-PTP displays the current active GM RP groups that were detected
Setting Description
Fixed Ports The multicast address is defi n ed b y static multicast.
Learned Ports The multicast address is learned by GMRP .
Using Bandwidth Management
In general, one host should not be allowed to occupy unlimited bandwidth, particularly when the device
malfunctions. For example, so-called “broadcast storms” could be caused by an incorrectly configured topology,
or a malfunctioning device. The PT-7728-PTP not only prevents broadcast storms, but can also be configured
to a different ingress rate for all packets, giving adminis trators full control of their limited bandwidth to prevent
undesirable effects caused by unpred ictable faults.
Broadcast Storm Protection
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable/Disable Enables or disables Broadcast Storm Protection for unknown
broadcast packets globally.
Enable
Enables or disables Broadcast Storm Protection for unknown
multicast packets gl obally.
Disable
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Traffic Rate Limiting Settings
Ingress
Setting Description Factory Default
Ingress rate Select the ingress rate for all packets from the following
options: not limited, 3%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 25%, 35%, 50%,
65%, 85%
N/A
Using Port Access Control
The PT-7728-PTP provides two kinds of Port-Base Access Control. One is Static Port Lock and the other is IEEE
802.1X.
Static Port Lock
The PT-7728-PTP can also be configured to protect static MAC addresses for a specific port. With the Port Lock
function, these locked ports will not learn any additional addresses, but only allow traffic from preset static MAC
addresses, helping to block hackers a nd careless usage.
IEEE 802.1X
The IEEE 802.1X standard defines a protocol for client/server-based acces s control and authentication. The
protocol restricts unauthorized clients from connecting to a LAN through ports that are open to the Internet,
and which otherwise would be readily a ccessible. The purpose of the authenticatio n server is to check each
client that requests access to the port. The client is only allowed access to the port if the client’s permission is
authenticated.
The IEEE 802.1X Concept
Three components are used to creat e an authentication mechanism based on 802.1X standards:
Client/Supplicant, Aut h entication Server, and Authenticator.
Supplicant: The end station that requests access to the LAN and switch services and responds to the requests
from the switch.
Authentication server: The ser ver that performs the actual authentication of the supplicant.
Authenticator: Edge switch or wireless access point that acts as a proxy between the supplicant and the
authentication server, requesting identity information from the supplicant, verifying the information with the
authentication server, and rel a ying a response to the supplicant.
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The PT-7728-PTP acts as an authenticator in the 802.1X environment. A supplicant and an authenticator
exchange EAPOL (Extensible Authentication Protocol over LAN) frames with each other. We can either use an
external RADIUS server as the authentication server, or implement the authentication server in PT-7728-PTP
by using a Local User Database as the authentication look-up table. When we use an external RADIUS server
as the authentication server, the authenticator and the authentication ser ver exchange EAP frames between
each other.
Authentication can be initiated either by the supplicant or the authenticator. When the supplicant initiates the
authentication process, it sends an EAPOL-Start frame to the authenticator. When the authenticator initiates
the authentication process or when it receives an EAPOL Start frame, it sends an EAP Request/Identity
frame to ask for the username of the suppli ca n t.
Configuring Static Port Lock
The PT-7728-PTP supports adding unicast groups manually if required.
Setting Description Factory Default
MAC Address Add the static unicast MAC address into the address table. None
Port Fix the static address with a dedicated por t. 1-1
Configuring IEEE 802.1X
Database Option
Setting Description Factory Default
Local
(Max. 32 users)
Select this option when setting the Local User Database as the
authentication database.
Local
Radius Select this option to set an external RADI US server as the
authentication database. The authentication mechanism is
EAP-MD5.
Local
Radius, Local Select this option to make using an external RADIUS server as
the authentication database the second priority. The
authentication mechanism is EAP-MD5 The first priority is to set
the Local User Database as the authentication database.
Local
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Radius Server
Setting Description Factory Default
IP address or domain
name
The IP address or domain name of the RADIUS server local host
Server Port
Setting Description Factory Default
Numerical The UDP port of the RADIUS server 1812
Shared Key
Setting Description Factory Default
alphanumeric (Max. 40
characters)
A key to be shared between the external RADIUS server and
PT-7728-PTP. Both ends must be configured to use the same
key.
None
Re-Auth
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable/Disable Select to require re-authentication of the client after a p reset
time period of no activity has elapsed.
Disable
Re-Auth Period
Setting Description Factory Default
Numerical
(60 to 65535 sec.)
Specify how frequently the end stations need to ree nter
usernames and passwords in order to stay connected.
3600
802.1X
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable/Disable Click the checkbox under the 802.1X column to enable IEEE
802.1X for one or more ports. All end stations must enter
usernames and passwords before access to these ports is
allowed.
Disable
802.1X Re-Authentication
The PT-7728-PTP can force connected devices to be re-authorized manually.
802.1X Re-Authentication
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable/Disable Enables or disables 802 .1X Re-Authentication Disable
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Local User Database Setup
When setting the Local User Database as the authentication database, set the database first.
Local User Database Setup
Setting Description Factory Default
User Name
(Max. 30 characters)
User Name for Local User Database None
Password
(Max. 16 characters)
Password for Local User Database None
Description
(Max. 30 characters)
Description for Local User Database None
NOTE The user name for the Local User Database is case-insensitive.
Port Access Control Table
The port status will indicated as authorized or unauthorized.
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Using IP Filter
IP filtering lets users control which I P addresses are allowed to access the port.
Using Auto Warning
Since industrial Ethernet devices are often located at the endpoints of a system, these devices will not always
know what is happening elsewhere on the network. This means that an industrial Ethernet switch that connects
to these devices must provide system maintainers with real-time alarm messag es. Even when control
engineers are out of the control room for an extended period of time, they can still be informed of the status of
devices almost instantaneously when exceptions occur. The PT-7728-PTP supports different approaches to
warn engineers automatically, such as email and relay output. It also supports two digital inputs to integrate
sensors into your system to automate alarms by email and relay output.
Configuring Email Warning
The Auto Email Warning function uses e-mail to alert the user when certain user-configured events take place.
Three basic steps are required to set up the Auto Warning function:
Configuring Email Event Types
Select the desired Event types from the Console or Web Browser Event type page (a description of each event
type is given later in the Email Ala rm Events setting subsection).
Configuring Email Settings
To configure PT-7728-PTP’s email setup from the serial, Telnet, or web console, enter your Mail Server
IP/Name (IP address or name), Account Name, Account Password, Retype New Password, and the email
address to which warning messages will be sent.
Activate your settings and if necessary, test the email
After configuring and activating your PT-7728-PTP’s Event Types and Email Setup, you can use the Test Email
function to see if your e-mail addresses and mail server address have been properly configured.
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Event Type
Event Types can be divided into two basic groups: System Events and Port Events. System Events are
related to the overall function of the switch, whereas Port Events are related to the activity of a specific port.
System Events Warning e-mail is sent when…
Switch Cold Start Power is cut off and then reco nnected.
Switch Warm Start The PT-7728-PTP is rebooted, such as when network parameters are
changed (IP address, subnet mask, et c.).
Power Transition (OnOff) The PT-7728-PTP is powered down.
Power Transition (OffOn) The PT-7728-PTP is powered up.
Configuration Change Activated Any configuration item has been changed.
Authentication Failure An incorrect password is entered.
Comm. Redundancy Topology
Changed
• If an y Spanning Tree Protocol switches have changed their position
(applies only to the root of the tree).
• If the Master of the Turbo Ring has changed or the backup path is
activated.
Port Events Warning e-mail is sent when…
Link-ON The port is connected to another device.
Link-OFF The port is disconnected (e.g., the cable is pulled out, or the opposing
device shuts down).
Traffic-Overload The port’s traffic surpasses the Traffic-Th reshold for that port (provided this
item is Enabled).
Traffic-Threshold (%) Enter a nonzero number if the port’s Traffic-Overload item is Enabled.
Traffic-Duration (sec.) A Traffic-Overload warning is sent every Traffic-Duration seconds if the
average Traffic-Threshold is surpassed during that time period.
NOTE The Traffic-Overload, Traffic-Threshold (%), and Traffic-Duration (sec.)
Port Event items are related.
If you Enable the Traffic-Overload event, then be sure to enter a nonzero Traffic-Threshold percentage, as
well as a Traffic-Duration between 1 and 300 seconds.
NOTE Warning e-mail messages will have sender given in the form:
Moxa_PowerTrans_Switch_0001@Switch_Location
where Moxa_PowerTrans_Switch is the default Switch Name, 0001 is PT-7728-
PTP’s serial number, and
Switch_Location is the default S erver Location.
Refer to the Basic Settings section to see how to modify Switch Name and Switch Location.
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Email Setup
Mail Server IP/Name
Setting Description Factory Default
IP address The IP Address of your email server. None
Account Name
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. 45 Charters Your email account. None
Password Setting
Setting Description Factory Default
Disable/Enable to
change password
To reset the password from the Web Browser interface, click
the Change password check-box, type the Old password, type
the New password, retype the New password, and then click
Activate; Max. 45 characters.
Disable
Old password Type the current password when changing the password None
New password Type new password when enabled to change password; Max.
45 characters.
None
Retype password If you type a new password in the Password field, you will be
required to retype the password in t he Retype new password
field before updating the new password.
None
Email Address
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. 30 characters You can set up to 4 email addresses to receive alarm emails
from PT-7728-PTP.
None
Send Test Email
After finishing with the email settings, you should first click Activate to activate those settings, and then press
the Send Test Email button to verify that the settings are correct.
NOTE Auto warning e-mail messages will be sent through an authentication protected SMTP serv er that supports
the CRAM-MD5, LOGIN, and PAIN methods of SASL (Simple Authentication and Security Layer)
authentication mechanism.
We strongly recommend not entering your Account Name and Account Password if auto warning e-mail
messages can be delivered without us ing an authentication mechanism.
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Configuring Relay Warning
The Auto Relay Warning function uses relay output to alert the user when certain user-configured events take
place. There are two basic steps required to set up the Relay Warning function:
Configuring Relay Event Types
Select the desired Event types from the Console or Web Browser Event type page (a description of each event
type is given later in the Relay Alarm Events setting subsection).
Activate your settings
After completing the configuration procedure, you will need to activate your PT-7728-PTP’s Relay Event Types.
Event Setup
Event Types can be divided into two basic groups: System Events and Port Events. System Events are
related to the overall function of the switch, whereas Port Events are related to the activity of a specific port.
The PT-7728-PTP supports two relay outputs. You can configure which relay output is related to which events.
This helps administrators identify the importance of the different events.
System Events Warning Relay output is triggered when…
Power Transition (OnOff) The PT-7728-PTP is powered on.
Power Transition (OffOn) The PT-7728-PTP is powered down.
Port Events Warning e-mail is sent when…
Link-ON The port is connected to another device.
Link-OFF The port is disconnected (e.g ., t h e cable is pulled out, or the opposing device
shuts down).
Traffic-Overload The port’s traffic surpasses the Traffic-Threshold for that port (provided this
item is Enabled).
Traffic-Threshold (%) Enter a nonzero number if the port’s Traffic-Overload item is Enabled.
Traffic-Duration (sec.) A Traffic-Overload warning is sent every Traffic-Duration seconds if the
average Traffic-Threshold is surpassed during that time period.
NOTE The Traffic-Overload, Traffic-Threshold (%), and Traffic-Duration (sec)
Port Event items are related.
If you Enable the Traffic-Overload event, then be sure to enter a nonzero Traffic-Threshold percentage, as
well as a Traffic-Duration between 1 and 300 seconds.
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Override relay alarm settings
Click the checkbox to override the relay warning setting temporarily. Releasing the relay output will allow
administrators to fix any problems with the warning condition.
Warning List
Use this table to see if any relay alarms have been issued.
Using Line-Swap-Fast-Recovery
The Line-Swap Fast Recovery function, which is enabled by default, allows the PT-7728-PTP to return to normal
operation extremely quickly after devices are unplugged and then re-plugged into different ports. The recovery
time is on the order of a few milliseconds (compare this with standard commercial switches for which the
recovery time could be on the order of several minutes). To disable the Line-Swap Fast Recovery function , or
to re-enable the function after it has already been disabled, access either the Con sole utility’s Line-Swap
recovery page, or the Web Browser interface’s Line-Swap fast recovery page, as shown below.
Configuring Line-Swap Fast Recovery
Enable Line-Swap-Fast-Recovery
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable/Disable Check-mark the check box to enable the
Line-Swap-Fast-Recovery function
Enable
Using Set Device IP
To reduce the effort required to set up IP addresses, the PT-7728-PTP comes equipped with DHCP/BootP server
and RARP protocol to set up IP addresses of Ethernet-enabled devices automatically.
When enabled, the Set device IP function allows the PT-7728-PTP to assign specific IP addresses
automatically to connected devices that are equipped with DHCP Client or RARP protocol. In effect, the
PT-7728-PTP acts as a DHCP server by assigning a connected device with a specific IP addr ess stored in its
internal memory. Each time the connected device is switched on or rebooted, the PT-7728-PTP sends the
device the desired IP address.
Take the following steps to use the Set device IP function:
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STEP 1—Set up the connected devices
Set up those Ethernet-enabled devices connected to the
PT-7728-PTP for which you would like IP addresses to be
assigned automatically. The devic es must be configured to
obtain their IP address automatically.
The devices’ configuration utility sho uld include a setup page
that allows you to choose an option similar to Obtain an IP
address automatically.
For example, Windows’ TCP/IP Properties window is shown
at the right. Although your device’s configuration utility may
look quite a bit different, this figure should give you some idea
of what to look for.
You also need to decide which of PT-7728-PTP’s ports your
Ethernet-enabled devices will be connected to. You will need to
set up each of these ports separately, as described in the
following step.
STEP 2—Configure PT-7728-PTP’s Set device IP function, either from the Console utility or from the Web
Browser interface. In either case, yo u simply need to enter the Desired IP for each port that needs to be
configured.
STEP 3—Be sure to activate your settings before exiting.
When using the Web Browser interface, activate by clicking on the Activate button.
When using the Console utility, activate by first highlighting the Activate menu option, and then press Enter.
You should receive the Set device IP settings are now active! (Press any key to continue) message.
Configuring Set Device IP
Desired IP Address
Setting Description Factory Default
IP Address Set the desired IP of connect ed devices. None
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DHCP Relay Agent (Option 82)
The DHCP Relay Agent makes it possible for DHCP broadcast messages to be sent over routers. The DHCP Relay
Agent enables DHCP clients to obtain IP addresses from a DHCP server on a remote subnet, or those that are
not located on the local subnet.
Option 82 is used by the relay agent to insert additional information into the client’s DHCP request. The Relay
Agent Information option is inserted by the DHCP relay agent when forwarding client-originated DHCP packets
to a DHCP server. Servers can recognize the Relay Agent Information option and use the information to
implement IP addresses to Clients.
When Option 82 is enabled on the switch, a subscriber device is identified by the switch port through which it
connects to the network (in addition to its MAC address). Multiple hosts on the subscriber LAN can be connected
to the same port on the access switch and are uniquely identified.
The Option 82 information contains 2 sub-optio ns: Circuit ID and Remote ID, which define the relationship
between end device IP and the DHCP Option 82 server. The “Circuit ID” is a 4-byte number generated by the
Ethernet switch—a combination of physical port number and VLAN ID. The format of the “Circuit ID” is as
described below:
FF–VV–VV–PP
The first byte “FF” is fixed to “01”, the second and the third bytes “VV-VV” are formed by the port VLAN ID in
hex, and the last byte “PP” is formed by the port number in hex. For example,
01–00–0F–03 is the “Circuit ID” of p ort number 3 with port VLAN ID 15.
The “Remote ID” is to identify the relay agent itself and it can be one of the following:
• The IP address of the relay agent.
• The MAC address of the relay agent.
• A combination of IP address and MAC address of the relay agent.
• A user-defined string.
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Server IP Address
1st Server
Setting Description Factory Default
IP address for the 1st
DHCP server
Assigns the IP address of the 1st DHCP server that the switch
tries to access.
None
2nd Server
Setting Description Factory Default
IP address for the 2nd
DHCP server
Assigns the IP address of the 2nd DHCP server that the switch
tries to access.
None
3rd Server
Setting Description Factory Default
IP address for the 3rd
DHCP server
Assigns the IP address of the 3rd DHCP server that the switch
tries to access.
None
4th Server
Setting Description Factory Default
IP address for the 4th
DHCP server
Assigns the IP address of the 4th DHCP server that the switch
tries to access.
None
DHCP Option 82
Enable Option82
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable or Disable Enable or disable DHCP Option 82 function. Disable
Type
Setting Description Factory Default
IP Use switch IP address a s the remote ID sub-option. IP
MAC Use switch MAC add ress as the remote ID sub-option. IP
Client-ID Use the combination of switch MAC address and IP address as
the remote ID sub-option.
IP
Other Use the user-defined value as the remote ID sub-option. IP
Value
Setting Description Factory Default
Displays the value which you’ve set.
Max. 12 characters If you set the DHCP Option 82 type as Other, you will need to
set it here.
switch IP address
Display
Setting Description Factory Default
The actual hexdecimal value set at t he DHCP server for the
Remote-ID. This value is automatically generated according to
the Value field. Users can not modify it.
COA87FFD
DHCP Function Table
Enable
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable or Disable Enable or disable DHCP Option 82 function for this port. Disable
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Using Diagnosis
The PT-7728-PTP provides two important tools for administrators to diagnose network systems.
Mirror Port
The Mirror port function can be used to monitor data being transmitted through a specific port. This is done
by setting up another port (the mirror port) to receive the same data being transmitted from, or both to and
from, the port under observation. This allows the network administrator to sniff the observed port and thus
keep tabs on network activity.
Take the following steps to set up the Mirror Port function:
STEP 1—Configure PT-7728-PTP’s Mirror Port function from either the Console utility or Web Browser
interface. You will need to configure three settin gs:
Monitored Port Select the port number of the port whose network activity will be monitored.
Mirror Port Select the port number of the port that will be used to monitor the activity of the
monitored port.
Watch Direction Select one of the following two watch direction options:
• Output data stream
Select this option to monitor only those data packets being sent out through
PT-7728-PTP’s port.
• Bi-directional
Select this option to monitor data packets both coming into, and being sent out
through, PT-7728-PTP’s port.
STEP 2—Be sure to activate your settings before exiting.
• When using the Web Browser interface, activate by clicking on the Activate button.
• When using the Console utility, activate by first highlighting the Activate menu option, and then press Enter.
You should receive the Mirror port settings are now active! (Press any key to continue) message.
Ping
The Ping function uses the ping command to give users a si mple but powerful tool for troubleshooting network
problems. The function’s most unique feature is that even though the ping command is entered from the user’s
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PC keyboard, the actual ping command originates from PT-7728-PTP itself. In this way, the user can essentially
sit on top of PT-7728-PTP and send ping commands out through its ports.
To use the Ping function, type in the desired IP address, and then press Enter from the Console utility, or click
Ping when using the Web Browser inter face.
LLDP Function Overview
Defined by IEEE 802.11AB, LLDP is an OSI Layer 2 Protocol that standardizes the self-identity advertisement
methodology. It allows each networking device, such as a Moxa managed switch, to periodically inform its
neighbors about its self-information and configurations. As a result, all of the devices will have knowledge
about each other; and through SNMP, this knowledge can be transferred to Moxa’s MXview for auto-topology
and network visualization.
LLDP Web Interface
From the switch’s web interface, users have the option of either enabling or disabling the LLDP, as well as
setting the LLDP transmit interval (as shown in the figure below). In addition, u sers are able to view each
switch’s neighbor-list, which is reported by its network neighbors. Most importantly, enabling the LLDP function
allows Moxa’s MXview to automatically display the network’s topology as well as system setup de tails such as
VLAN, and Trunking for the entire network.
LLDP Settings
Enable LLDP
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable or Disable Enable or disable LLDP function. Enable
Message Transmit Interva
Setting Description Factory Default
IP Address Set the desired IP of connect ed devices. None
LLDP Table
Port: The port number that connects to the neighbor device.
Neighbor ID: A unique e ntity which identifies a n eighbor device; this is typically the MAC address.
Neighbor Port: The port number of the neighbor device.
Neighbor Port Description: A textual description of the neighbor device’s interface.
Neighbor System: Hostname of the neighbor device.
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Using Monitor
You can monitor statistics in real time from the PT-7728-PTP’s web console and serial console.
Monitor by Switch
Access the Monitor by selecting System from the left selection bar. Monitor by System allows the user to view
a graph that shows the combined data transmission activity of all of PT-7728-PTP’s 18 ports. Click one of the
four options—Total Packets, TX Packets, RX Packets, or Error Packets—to view transmission activity of
specific types of packets. Recall that TX Packets are packets sent out from the PT-7728-PTP, RX Packets are
packets received from connected devices, and Error Packets are packets that did not pass TCP/IP’s error
checking algorithm. The To tal Packets option displays a graph that combines TX, RX, and TX Error, RX Error
Packets activity. The graph displays data transmission activity by showing Packets/s (i.e., packets per second,
or pps) versus sec. (seconds). In fact, three curves are displayed on the same graph: Uni-cast packets (in red
color), Multi-cast packets (in green color), and Broad-cast packets (in blue color). The graph is updated
every few seconds, allowing the user to analyze data transmission activity in real-time.
Monitor by Port
Access the Monitor by Port function by selecting ALL 10/100M or 1G Ports or Port i, in which i= 1-1, 1-2, …,
4-4, from the left pull-down list. The Port i options are identical to the Monitor by System f uncti on discussed
above, in that users can view graphs that show All Packets, TX Packets, RX Packets, or Error Packets activity,
but in this case, only for an individual port.
The All Ports option is essentially a graphical display of the
individual port activity that can be viewed with the Console Monitor function discussed above. The All Ports
option shows three vertical bars for ea ch p ort. The height of the bar represents Packets/s for the type of
packet, at the instant the bar is being viewed. That is, as time progresses, the height of the bar moves up or
down so that the user can view the change in the rate of packet transmission. The blue colored bar shows
Uni-cast packets, the red colored bar shows Multi-cast packets, and the orange colored bar shows
Broad-cast packets. The graph is updated every few seconds, allowing the user to analyze data transmission
activity in real-time.
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Using the MAC Address Table
This section explains the information provided by PT-7728-PTP’s MAC address table.
The MAC Address table can be configured to display the following PT-7728-PTP MAC address groups.
ALL Select this item to show all PT -7728-PTP MAC addresses
ALL Learned Select this item to show all PT-7728-PTP Learned MAC addresses
ALL Static Lock Select this item to show all PT-7728-PTP Static Lock MAC addresses
ALL Static Select this item to show all PT-7728-PTP Static/Static Lock /Static Multicast MAC
addresses
ALL Static Multicast Select this item to show all PT-7728-PTP Static Multicast MAC addresses
Port x Select this item to show all MAC addresses of dedicated ports
The table will display the following information:
MAC This field shows the MAC address
Type This field shows the type of this MAC address
Port This field shows the port that this MAC address belongs to
Using System Log
Event Log
Bootup This field shows how many times the PT-7728-PTP has been rebooted or cold start ed.
Date The date is updated based on how the current date is set in the Basic Setting page.
Time The time is updated based on how the current time is set in the Basic Setting pag e.
System Startup
Time
The system startup time related to this event.
Events Events that have occur red.
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NOTE The following events will be record into PT-7728-PTP’s Event Log Table.
• Cold start
• W arm start
• Co nf igur ation change activated
• Power 1/2 transition (Off ( On), Power 1/2 transition (On ( Off)
• Authentication fail
• Topology changed
• Master setting is mismatched
• Port traffic overload
• dot1x Auth Fail
• Port link off / on
Syslog
This function provides the event logs for the syslog server. The function supports 3 configurable syslog servers
and syslog server UDP port numbers. When an event occurs, the event will be sent as a syslog UDP packet to
the specified syslog servers.
Syslog Server 1
Setting Description Factory Default
IP Address Enter the IP address of 1st Syslog server used by your network. None
Port Destination
(1 to 65535)
Enter the UDP port of 1st Syslog server. 514
Syslog Server 2
Setting Description Factory Default
IP Address Enter the IP address of 2nd Syslog server used by your network. None
Port Destination
(1 to 65535)
Enter the UDP port of 2nd Syslog server. 514
Syslog Server 3
Setting Description Factory Default
IP Address Enter the IP address of 3rd Syslog server used by your network. None
Port Destination
(1 to 65535)
Enter the UDP port of 3rd Syslog server. 514
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NOTE The following events will be recorded into the PT-7728-PTP’s Event Log table, and will then be sent to the
specified Syslog Server:
• Cold start
• W arm start
• Co nf igur ation change activated
• Power 1/2 transition (Off ( On), Power 1/2 transition (On ( Off)
• Authentication fail
• Topology changed
• Master setting is mismatched
• Port traffic overload
• dot1x Auth Fail
• Port link off / on
Using HTTPS/SSL
To secure your HTTP access, the PT-7728-PTP supports HTTPS/SSL to encrypt all HTTP traffic. Perform the
following steps to access the PT-7728-PTP’s web browser interface via HTTPS/SSL.
Open Internet Explorer and type https://PT-7728-PTP’s IP address in the address field. Press Enter to
establish the connection.
Warning messages will pop out to warn the user that the security certificate was issued by a company they
have not chosen to trust.
Select Yes to enter the PT-7728-PTP’s web browser interface and access the web browser interface secured via
HTTPS/SSL.
NOTE
Moxa provides a Root CA certificate .After installing this certificate into your PC or Notebook, you can access
the web browser interface directly and will not see any warning messages again. You may download the
certificate from the PT-7728-PTPA’s CD-ROM.
A
A. MIB Groups
The PT-7728-PTP comes with built-in SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) agent software that
supports cold/warm start trap, line up/down trap, and RFC 1213 MIB-II.
The standard MIB groups that the PT-7728-PTP supports are as follows:
MIB II.1 – System Group
sysORTable
MIB II.2 – Interfaces Group
ifTable
MIB II.4 – IP Group
ipAddrTable
ipNetToMediaTable
IpGroup
IpBasicStatsGroup
IpStatsGroup
MIB II.5 – ICMP Group
IcmpGroup
IcmpInputStatus
IcmpOutputStats
MIB II.6 – TCP Group
tcpConnTable
TcpGroup
TcpStats
MIB II.7 – UDP Group
udpTable
UdpStats
MIB II.10 – Transmission Group
dot3
dot3StatsTable
MIB II.11 – SNMP Group
SnmpBasicGroup
SnmpInputStats
SnmpOutputStats
MIB II.17 – dot1dBridge Group
dot1dBase
dot1dBasePortTable
dot1dStp
dot1dStpPortTable
dot1dTp
dot1dTpFdbTable
dot1dTpPortTable
PT-7728-PTP MIB Groups
A-2
dot1dTpHCPortTable
dot1dTpPortOverflowTable
pBridgeMIB
dot1dExtBase
dot1dPriority
dot1dGarp
qBridgeMIB
dot1qBase
dot1qTp
dot1qFdbTable
dot1qTpPortTable
dot1qTpGroupTable
dot1qForwardUnregisteredTable
dot1qStatic
dot1qStaticUnicastTable
dot1qStaticMulticastTable
dot1qVlan
dot1qVlanCurrentTable
dot1qVlanStaticTable
dot1qPortVlanTable
The PT-7728-PTP also provides a private MIB file, located in the file Moxa-PT7728-MIB.my on the
PT-7728-PTP utility CD-ROM.
Public Traps
• Cold Start
• Link Up
• Link Down
• Authentication Failure
• dot1dBridge New Root
• dot1dBridge Topology Changed
Private Traps
• Configuration Changed
• Power On
• Power Off
• Traffic Overloaded
• Turbo Ring Topology Changed
• Turbo Ring Coupling Port Changed
• Turbo Ring Master Mismatch
B
B. Specifications
Technology
Standards:
IEEE 802.3 for 10BaseT
IEEE 802.3u for 100BaseT(X) and 100Base FX
IEEE 802.3ab for 1000BaseT(X)
IEEE 802.3z for 1000BaseX
IEEE 802.3x for Flow Control
IEEE 802.1D for Spanning Tree Protocol
IEEE 802.1w for Rapid STP
IEEE 802.1Q for VLAN Tagging
IEEE 802.1p for Class of Service
Protocols: IGMPv1/v2, GMRP, GVRP, SNMPv1/v2c/v3, DHCP Server/Client, BootP, TFTP, SNTP, SMTP, RARP,
RMON, RIP V1/V2, HTTP, HTTPS, Telnet, SSH, Syslog, DHCP O
ption 66/67/82, LLDP, Modbus/TCP, IEEE 1588
PTP, SNMP Inform
MIB: MIB-II, Ethernet-like MIB, P-BRIDGE MIB, Q-
BRIDGE MIB, Bridge MIB, RSTP MIB, RMON MIB Groups 1,
2, 3, 9
Flow Control: IEEE 802.3x flow control, back pressure flow control
Switch Properties
Priority Queues: 4
Max. Number of Available VLANs: 64
VLAN ID Range: VID 1 to 4094
IGMP Groups: 256
Interface
Fast Ethernet: Slots 1, 2, and 3 for combinations of 4, 6, 7, or 8-port PM-7200 fast Ethernet modules with
10/100BaseT(X) (TP/M12 interface), 100BaseFX (SC/ST connector), or 100BaseSFP.
Gigabit Ethernet: Slot 4 for 2 or 4-port PM-7200 Gigabit Ethernet combo module, 10/
100/1000BaseT(X) or
1000BaseSFP
Console Port: RS-232 (RJ45)
System LED Indicators: STAT, PWR1, PWR2, FAULT, MSTR/HEAD, CPLR/TAIL
Mode LED Indicators: LNK/ACT, F DX/HDX, RING PORT, COUPLER PORT, SPEED
Alarm Contact: 1 relay output with current carrying capacity of 3 A @ 30 VDC or 3 A @ 240 VAC
Power Requirements
Input Voltage:
• 24 VDC (18 to 36 V)
• 48 VDC (36 to 72 V)
• 110/220 VDC/VAC (88 to 300 VDC, 85 to 264 VAC)
Input Current: (all ports are equipped with fiber)
• Max. 2.58 A @ 24 VDC
• Max. 1.21 A @ 48 VDC
• Max. 0.64/0.33 A @ 110/220 VDC
• Max. 0.53/0.28 A @ 110/220 VAC
Overload Current Protection: Present
Connection: 10-pin terminal bloc ks
Reverse Polarity Protection: Present
PT-7728-PTP Specifications
B-2
Physical Characteristics
Housing: IP30 protection
Dimensions: 440 x 44 x 325 mm (17.32 x 1.73 x 12.80)
Weight: 5900 g
Installation: 19’’ rack mounting
Environmental Limits
Operating Temperature: -40 to 85°C (-40 to 185°F), cold start requires min. of 100 VAC at -40°C
Storage Temperature: -40 to 85°C (-40 to 185°F)
Ambient Relative Humidit y: 5 to 95% (non-condensing)
Regulatory Approvals
Safety: UL60950-1, CSA C22.2 No. 60950-1, EN60950-1
EMI: FCC Part 15, CISPR (EN55022) class A
Power Automation: IEC 61850-3, IEEE 1613
Traffic Control: NEMA TS2
Rail Traffic: EN50155, EN50121-4
Note: Please check Moxa’s website f or the most up-to-date certification sta tus.
Warranty
Warranty Period: 5 years
Details: See www.moxa.com/warranty
C
C. Modbus/TCP Map
PT-7728-PTP Modbus information v1.0
Read Only Registers (Support Function Code 4) 1 Word = 2 Bytes
Address Data Type Description
System Information
0x0000 1 word Vendor ID = 0x1393
0x0001 1 word Unit ID (Ethernet = 1)
0x0002 1 word Product Code = 0x0006
0x0010 20 words Vendor Name = "Moxa"
Word 0 Hi byte = ‘M’
Word 0 Lo byte = ‘o’
Word 1 Hi byte = ‘x’
Word 1 Lo byte = ‘a’
Word 2 Hi byte = ‘\0’
Word 2 Lo byte = ‘\0’
0x0030 20 words Product Name = "PT-7728-PTP"
Word 0 Hi byte = ‘P’
Word 0 Lo byte = ‘T’
Word 1 Hi byte = ‘-’
Word 1 Lo byte = ‘7’
Word 2 Hi byte = ‘7’
Word 2 Lo byte = ‘2’
Word 3 Hi byte = ‘8’
Word 3 Lo byte = ‘-’
Word 4 Hi byte = ‘P’
Word 4 Lo byte = ‘T’
Word 5 Hi byte = ‘P’
Word 5 Lo byte = ‘\0’
Word 6 Hi byte = ‘\0’
Word 6 Lo byte = ‘\0’
0x0050 1 word Product Serial Number
0x0051 2 words Firmware Version
Word 0 Hi byte = major (A)
Word 0 Lo byte = minor (B)
Word 1 Hi byte = release (C)
Word 1 Lo byte = build (D)
0x0053 2 words Firmware Release Date
Firmware was released on 2007-05-06 at 09 o’clock
Word 0 = 0x0609
Word 1 = 0x0705
PT-7728-PTP Modbus/TCP Map
C-2
0x0055 3 words Ethernet MAC Address
Ex: MAC = 00-01-02-03-04-05
Word 0 Hi byte = 0x00
Word 0 Lo byte = 0x01
Word 1 Hi byte = 0x02
Word 1 Lo byte = 0x03
Word 2 Hi byte = 0x04
Word 2 Lo byte = 0x05
0x0058 1 word Power 1
0x0000:Off
0x0001:On
0x0059 1 word Power 2
0x0000:Off
0x0001:On
0x005A 1 word Fault LED Status
0x0000:No
0x0001:Yes
0x0080 1 word DI1
0x0000:Off
0x0001:On
0x0081 1 word DI2
0x0000:Off
0x0001:On
0x0082 1 word DO1
0x0000:Off
0x0001:On
0x0083 1 word DO2
0x0000:Off
0x0001:On
Port Information
0x1000 to 0x1011 1 word Port 1 to 10 Status
0x0000:Link down
0x0001:Link up
0x0002:Disable
0xFFFF:No port
0x1100 to 0x1111 1 word Port 1 to 10 Speed
0x0000:10M-Half
0x0001:10M-Full
0x0002:100M-Half
0x0003:100M-Full
0x0004:1G-Half
0x0005:1G- Full
0xFFFF:No port
0x1200 to 0x1211 1 word Port 1 to 10 Flow Ctrl
0x0000:Off
0x0001:On
0xFFFF:No port
0x1300 to 0x1311 1 word Port 1 to 10 MDI/MDIX
0x0000:MDI
0x0001:MDIX
0xFFFF:No port
PT-7728-PTP Modbus/TCP Map
C-3
0x1400 to 0x1413(Port 1)
0x1414 to 0x1427(Port 2)
20 words Port 1 to 10 Description
Port Description = "100TX,RJ45."
Word 0 Hi byte = ‘1’
Word 0 Lo byte = ‘0’
Word 1 Hi byte = ‘0’
Word 1 Lo byte = ‘T’
…
Word 4 Hi byte = ‘4’
Word 4 Lo byte = ‘5’
Word 5 Hi byte = ‘.’
Word 5 Lo byte = ‘\0’
Packet Information
0x2000 to 0x2023 2 words Port 1 to 10 Tx Packets
Ex: port 1 Tx Packets = 0x44332211
Word 0 = 4433
Word 1 = 2211
0x2100 to 0x2123 2 words Port 1 to 10 Rx Packets
Ex: port 1 Rx Packets = 0x44332211
Word 0 = 4433
Word 1 = 2211
0x2200 to 0x2223 2 words port 1 to 10 Tx Error Packets
Ex: port 1 Tx Error Packets = 0x44332211
Word 0 = 4433
Word 1 = 2211
0x2300 to 0x2323 2 words port 1 to 10 Rx Error Packets
Ex: port 1 Rx Error Packets = 0x44332211
Word 0 = 4433
Word 1 = 2211
Redundancy Information
0x3000 1 word Redundancy Protocol
0x0000:None
0x0001:RSTP
0x0002:Turbo Ring
0x0003:Turbo Ring V2
0x0004:Turbo Chain
0x3100 1 word RSTP Root
0x0000:Not Root
0x0001:Root
0xFFFF:RSTP Not Enable
0x3200 to 0x3211 1 word RSTP Port 1 to 10 Status
0x0000:Port Disabled
0x0001:Not RSTP Port
0x0002:Link Down
0x0003:Blocked
0x0004:Learning
0x0005:Forwarding
0xFFFF:RSTP Not Enable
0x3300 1 word TR Master/Slave
0x0000:Slave
0x0001:Master
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring Not Enab le
PT-7728-PTP Modbus/TCP Map
C-4
0x3301 1 word TR 1st Port status
0x0000:Port Disabled
0x0001:Not Redundant
0x0002:Link Down
0x0003:Blocked
0x0004:Learning
0x0005:Forwarding
0x3302 1 word TR 2nd Port status
0x0000:Port Disabled
0x0001:Not Redundant
0x0002:Link Down
0x0003:Blocked
0x0004:Learning
0x0005:Forwarding
0x3303 1 word TR Coupling
0x0000:Off
0x0001:On
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring Not Enab le
0x3304 1 word TR Coupling Port status
0x0000:Port Disabled
0x0001:Not Coupling Port
0x0002:Link Down
0x0003:Blocked
0x0005:Forwarding
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring Not Enab le
0x3305 1 word TR Coupling Control Port status
0x0000:Port Disabled
0x0001:Not Coupling Port
0x0002:Link Down
0x0003:Blocked
0x0005:Forwarding
0x0006:Inactive
0x0007:Active
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring Not Enab le
0x3500 1 word TR2 Coupling Mode
0x0000:None
0x0001:Dual Homing
0x0002:Coupling Backup
0x0003:Coupling Primary
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring V2 Not Enable
0x3501 1 word TR2 Coupling Port Primary status
(Using in Dual Homing, Coupling Backup, Coupling
Primary)
0x0000:Port Disabled
0x0001:Not Coupling Port
0x0002:Link Down
0x0003:Blocked
0x0004:Learning
0x0005:Forwarding
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring V2 Not Enable
PT-7728-PTP Modbus/TCP Map
C-5
0x3502 1 word TR2 Coupling Port Backup status
(Only using in Dual Homing)
0x0000:Port Disabled
0x0001:Not Coupling Port
0x0002:Link Down
0x0003:Blocked
0x0004:Learning
0x0005:Forwarding
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring V2 Not Enable
0x3600 1 word TR2 Ring 1 status
0x0000:Healthy
0x0001:Break
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring V2 Not Enable
0x3601 1 word TR2 Ring 1 Master/Slave
0x0000:Slave
0x0001:Master
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring V2 Ring 1 Not Enable
0x3602 1 word TR2 Ring 1 1st Port status
0x0000:Port Disabled
0x0001:Not Redundant
0x0002:Link Down
0x0003:Blocked
0x0004:Learning
0x0005:Forwarding
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring V2 Ring 1 Not Enable
0x3603 1 word TR2 Ring 1 2nd Port status
0x0000:Port Disabled
0x0001:Not Redundant
0x0002:Link Down
0x0003:Blocked
0x0004:Learning
0x0005:Forwarding
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring V2 Ring 1 Not Enable
0x3680 1 word TR2 Ring 2 status
0x0000:Healthy
0x0001:Break
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring V2 Ring 2 Not Enable
0x3681 1 word TR2 Ring 2 Master/Slave
0x0000:Slave
0x0001:Master
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring V2 Ring 2 Not Enable
0x3682 1 word TR2 Ring 2 1st Port status
0x0000:Port Disabled
0x0001:Not Redundant
0x0002:Link Down
0x0003:Blocked
0x0004:Learning
0x0005:Forwarding
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring V2 Ring 2 Not Enable
PT-7728-PTP Modbus/TCP Map
C-6
0x3683 1 word TR2 Ring 2 2nd Port status
0x0000:Port Disabled
0x0001:Not Redundant
0x0002:Link Down
0x0003:Blocked
0x0004:Learning
0x0005:Forwarding
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring V2 Ring 2 Not Enable
0x3700 1 word Turbo Chain Switch Role
0x0000:Head
0x0001:Member
0x0002:Tail
0xFFFF: Turbo Chain Not Enable
0x3701 1 word Turbo Chain 1st Port status
0x0000: Link Down
0x0001: Blocking
0x0002: Blocked
0x0003: Forwarding
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring V2 Ring 2 Not Enable
0x3702 1 word Turbo Chain 2nd Port status
0x0000: Link Down
0x0001: Blocking
0x0002: Blocked
0x0003: Forwarding
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring V2 Ring 2 Not Enable
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