Moxa Technologies AirWorks AWK-3131, AirWorks AWK-1131A User Manual

AirWorks AWK-3131

User’s Manual

Second Edition, June 2014

www.moxa.com/product

© 2014 Moxa Inc. All rights reserved.

AirWorks AWK-3131 User’s Manual

The software described in this manual is furnished under a license agreement and may be used only in accordance with

the terms of that agreement.

Copyright Notice

Copyright © 2014 Moxa Inc.

Reproduction without permission is prohibited.

Trademarks

The MOXA logo is a registered trademark of Moxa Inc.

All other trademarks or registered marks in this manua l belong to their res pec ti v e manufacturers.

Disclaimer

Information in this document is subject to change witho ut no tic e a nd doe s not repres e nt a co mmitment o n the part of
Moxa.

Moxa provides this document as is, without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including, but not limited
to, its particular purpose. Moxa reserves the rig ht to make impro vem e nts and/o r changes to this manual, or to the
products and/or the programs described in this manual, at any time .

Information provided in this manual is intended to be accurate and reliable. However, Moxa assumes no responsibility for
its use, or for any infringements on the rights of third parties that may res ult fr om its use.

This product might include unintentional technic a l o r typographical errors. Changes are periodically made to the
information herein to correct such error s , and these changes are inc or pora te d into new editions of the publication.

Technical Support Contact Information

www.moxa.com/support

Moxa Americas

Toll

-free: 1-888-669-2872

Tel:

[phone]

Fax:

[phone]

Moxa China (Shanghai office)

Toll

-free: 800-820-5036

Tel:

[phone]

Fax:

[phone]

Moxa Europe

Tel:

[phone]

Fax:

[phone]

Moxa Asia

-Pacific

Tel:

[phone]

Fax:

[phone]

Table of Contents

1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 1-1

Overview ........................................................................................................................................... 1-2

Package Checklist ............................................................................................................................... 1-2

Product Features ................................................................................................................................ 1-2

Product Specifications ......................................................................................................................... 1-3

Functional Design ............................................................................................................................... 1-6

LAN Port..................................................................................................................................... 1-6

Recommended SFP Accessories ..................................................................................................... 1-7

LED Indicators ............................................................................................................................ 1-8

Beeper ....................................................................................................................................... 1-9

Reset Button ............................................................................................................................... 1-9

Relay (Digital Output) .................................................................................................................. 1-9

2. Getting Starte d .................................................................................................................................. 2-1

First-time Installation and Configuration ................................................................................................ 2-2

Communication Testing ....................................................................................................................... 2-3

Function Map ..................................................................................................................................... 2-5

3. Web Console Configuration ............................................................................................................... 3-1

Web Browser Configuration .................................................................................................................. 3-2

Overview ........................................................................................................................................... 3-3

Basic Settings .................................................................................................................................... 3-4

System Info Settings ................................................................................................................... 3-4

Network Settings ......................................................................................................................... 3-5

Time Settings ............................................................................................................................. 3-6

Wireless Settings ................................................................................................................................ 3-7

Operation Mode .................................................................................................................................. 3-7

Basic Wireless Settings ........................................................................................................................ 3-8

WLAN Security Settings.............................................................................................................. 3-10

Advanced Wireless Settings ........................................................................................................ 3-16

WLAN Certification Settings (for EAP-TLS in Client/Slave mode only) ............................................... 3-19

Advanced Settings ............................................................................................................................ 3-20

Using Virtual LAN ...................................................................................................................... 3-20

Configuring Virtual LAN .............................................................................................................. 3-21

DHCP Server (for AP mode only) ................................................................................................. 3-22

Packet Filters ............................................................................................................................ 3-23

RSTP Settings (for Master or Slave mode only) ............................................................................. 3-26

SNMP Agent.............................................................................................................................. 3-28

Link Fault Pass-Through (for Client/Slave mode only) .................................................................... 3-30

Auto Warning Settings ....................................................................................................................... 3-30

System Log .............................................................................................................................. 3-30

Syslog ..................................................................................................................................... 3-31

E-mail ...................................................................................................................................... 3-32

Relay ....................................................................................................................................... 3-33

Trap ........................................................................................................................................ 3-34

Status ............................................................................................................................................. 3-35

Wireless Status ......................................................................................................................... 3-35

Associated Client List (for AP/Master mode only) ........................................................................... 3-35

DHCP Client List (for AP mode only) ............................................................................................. 3-36

System Log .............................................................................................................................. 3-36

Relay Status ............................................................................................................................. 3-37

DI and Power Status .................................................................................................................. 3-37

RSTP Status ............................................................................................................................. 3-37

Maintenance .................................................................................................................................... 3-38

Console Settings ....................................................................................................................... 3-38

Ping ......................................................................................................................................... 3-38

Firmware Upgrade ..................................................................................................................... 3-39

Config Import Export ................................................................................................................. 3-39

Load Factory Default .................................................................................................................. 3-40

Password.................................................................................................................................. 3-40

Misc. Settings ........................................................................................................................... 3-40

Save Configuration ........................................................................................................................... 3-41

Restart ............................................................................................................................................ 3-42

Logout............................................................................................................................................. 3-42

4. Software Installat i on and C o nfig ur at i on ........................................................................................... 4-1

Overview ........................................................................................................................................... 4-2

AWK Search Utility .............................................................................................................................. 4-2

Installing AWK Search Utility ........................................................................................................ 4-2

Configuring AWK Search Utility ..................................................................................................... 4-4

5. Other Console Considerations ........................................................................................................... 5-1

RS-232 Console Configuration (115200, None, 8, 1, VT100) .................................................................... 5-2

Configuration by Telnet and SSH Consoles ............................................................................................. 5-3

Configuration by Web Browser with HTTPS/SS L ...................................................................................... 5-4

Disabling Telnet and Browser Access ..................................................................................................... 5-5

A. References ........................................................................................................................................ A-1

Beacon .............................................................................................................................................. A-2

DTIM ................................................................................................................................................. A-2

Fragment ........................................................................................................................................... A-2

RTS Threshold .................................................................................................................................... A-2

STP and RSTP .................................................................................................................................... A-2

The STP/RSTP Concept ................................................................................................................ A-2

Differences between RSTP and STP ................................................................................................ A-3

B. Supporting Infor m a tion .................................................................................................................... B-1

Firmware Rec overy ............................................................................................................................. B-2

DoC (Declaration of Conformity) ........................................................................................................... B-3

Federal Communication Commission Interference Statement ............................................................ B-3

R&TTE Compliance Statement ....................................................................................................... B-4

1

1. Introduction

The AWK-3131 industrial a/b/g/n high speed wireless Access Point products ar e ide al wireless sol utio ns for
hard-to-wire applications that use mobile equipment connected over a TCP/IP network. The AWK-3131 is rated
to operate at temperatures ranging from 0 to 60°C for standard models and -40 to 75°C for wi de te mpe ratur e
models, and is rugged enough for any harsh industrial environment.

The following topics are covered in this chapter :



Overview



Package Checklist



Product Features



Product Specifications



Functional Design

 LAN Port
 Recommended SFP Accessories
 LED Indicators
 Beeper
 Reset Button
 R e lay (D igital Output)

AirWorks AWK-3131 Introduction

1-2

Overview

The AWK-3131 is 802.11n compliant to deliver speed, range, and reliab il ity to supp or t even the mos t
bandwidth-intensive applications . The 802 .11 n standard incorp or ate s multip le te c hnologies, including Spatial
Multiplexing MIMO (Multi-In, Multi-Out), 2 0 and 40 MHz channels, and dual bands (2.4 GHz and 5 GHz) to
generate lightning speeds, while still b e ing able to communic a te w ith le g acy 802.11 a/b/g devices.

The AWK's operating temperature ranges from -25 to 60°C for standard models and -40 to 75°C for wide
temperature models, and is rugged enough for all types of harsh ind us tr ia l enviro nm e nts . Ins tal lation of the
AWK is easy using DIN-Rail mounting or distribution boxe s , and with its wid e operati ng temp e r ature range,
IP30-rated housing with LED indicators, and DIN-Rail mounting it is a convenient yet reliable solution for all
types of industrial wireless applicatio ns .

Package Checklist

Moxa’s AWK-3131 is shipped with the following items. If any of these items is missing or damaged, please
contact your customer service representative for assistance.

• 1 AWK-3131

• 2 swivel-type antennas (2 dBi, RP-SMA, 2.4 and 5 GHz)

• Quick Installation Guide

• Software CD

• Moxa Product Warranty Card

• Cable holder with 1 screw

• 3 protective caps

NOTE

The above items

come with the standard AWK-3131 model, but the package contents may vary for

customized

version

s.

Product Features

• IEEE802.11a/b/g/n compliant

• Advanced wireless security

 64-bit and 128-bit WEP/WPA/WPA2
 SSID Hiding/IEEE 802.1X/RADIUS
 Packet access control & filtering

• STP/RSTP support for network system redundancy

• Long-distance transmission support

• Turbo Roaming enables rapid handover (Client mode)

• ABC-01 for configuration import/export

• RS-232 console management

• 2DI+1DO for on-site monitoring and w arning s

• Wide -40 to 75°C operating temperature range (-T mode l)

• Redundant 24 VDC power inputs or IEEE802.3af Power over Ethernet

• DIN-Rail or wall mounting

• IP30 protected high-strength metal housing

AirWorks AWK-3131 Introduction

1-3

Product Specifications

WLAN Interface

Standards:

IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n for Wireless LAN
IEEE 802.11i for Wireless Security
IEEE 802.3 for 10BaseT
IEEE 802.3u for 100B aseTX
IEEE 802.3ab for 1000BaseT
IEEE 802.3af for Power

-over-Ethernet

IEEE 802.1D for Spanning Tree Protocol
IEEE 802.1w

for Rapid STP

IEEE 802.1Q VLAN

Spread Spectrum and Modulation (typical):

• DSSS with DBPSK, DQPSK, CCK

• OFDM with BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM

• 802.11b: CCK @ 11/5.5 Mbps, DQPSK @ 2 Mbps,

DBPSK @ 11 Mbps

• 802.11a/g: 64QAM @ 54/48 Mbps, 16QAM @ 36/24

Mbps,

QPSK @ 18/12 Mbps, BPSK @ 9/6 Mbps

• 802.11n: 64QAM @ 300 Mbps to BPSK @ 6.5 Mbps (multiple rates supported)

Operating Channels (central frequency):

US:

2.412 to 2.462 GHz (11 channels)

5.18 to 5.24 GHz (4 channels)
EU:

2.412 to 2.472 GHz (13

channels)

5.18 to 5.24 GHz (4 channels)
JP:

2.412 to 2.472 GHz (13 channels, OFDM)

2.412 to 2.484 GHz (14 channels, DSSS)

5.18 to 5.24 GHz (4 channels for W52)

Security:

• SSID broadcast enable/disable

• Firewall for MAC/IP/Protocol/Port

-based filtering

• 64

-bit and 128-bit WEP encryption, WPA /WPA2-Personal and Enter pr is e (I EEE 802 .1X /RADI US, TKIP and

AES)

Transmission Rates:

802.11b: 1, 2, 5. 5, 11

Mbps

802.11a/g: 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 5 4

Mbps

802.11n: 6 to 300 Mbps (multiple rates supported)

AirWorks AWK-3131 Introduction

1-4

TX

Transmit Power:

2.4GHz

802.11b:

•

Typ. 18±1.5 dBm @ 1 to 11 Mbps

802.11g:

•

Typ. 18±1.5 dBm @ 6 to 24 Mbps

•

Typ. 17±1.5 dBm @ 36 to 48 Mbps

•

Typ. 15±1.5 dBm @ 54 Mbps

802.11n:

•

MCS15 20 MHz: Typ. 14 dBm (± 1.5 dBm)

•

MCS15 40 MHz: Typ. 13 dBm (± -1.5 dBm)

5GHz

802.11a:

•

Typ. 17±1.5 dBm @ 6 to 24 Mbps

•

Typ. 16±1.5 dBm @ 36 to 48 Mbps

•

Typ. 14±1.5 dBm @ 54 Mbps

802.11n:

•

MCS15 20 MHz: Typ. 13 dBm (± 1.5 dBm)

•

MCS15 40 MHz : Typ. 12 dBm (± 1.5 dBm)

RX Sensitivity:

2.4GHz

802.11b:

•

-92 dBm @ 1 Mbps

•

-90 dBm @ 2 Mbps

•

-88 dBm @ 5.5 Mbps

•

-84 dBm @ 11 Mbps

802.11g:

•

-87 dBm @ 6 Mbps

•

-86 dBm @ 9 Mbps

•

-85 dBm @ 12 Mbps

•

-82 dBm @ 18 Mbps

•

-80 dBm @ 24 Mbps

•

-76 dBm @ 36 Mbps

•

-72 dBm @ 48 Mbps

•

-70 dBm @ 54 Mbps

802.11n:

•

-68 dBm @ MCS15 40 MHz

•

-70 dBm @ MCS7 40 MHz

•

-69 dBm @ MCS15 20 MHz,

•

-71 dBm @ MCS7 20 MHz

802.11a:

•

-87 dBm @ 6 Mbps

•

-86 dBm @ 9 Mbps

•

-85 dBm @ 12 Mbps

•

-82 dBm @ 18 Mbps

•

-80 dBm @ 24 Mbps

•

-76 dBm @ 36 Mbps

•

-72 dBm @ 48 Mbps

•

-70 dBm @ 54 Mbps

802.11n:

•

-68 dBm @ MCS15 40 MHz

•

-70 dBm @ MCS7 40 MHz

•

-69 dBm @ MCS15 20 MHz

•

-71 dBm @ MCS7 20 MHz

AirWorks AWK-3131 Introduction

1-5

Protocol Support

General Protoco ls:

Proxy ARP, DNS, HTTP, HTTPS, IP, ICMP, SNTP, TCP, UDP, RADIUS, SNMP, PPPoE, DHCP

,

LLDP AP

-only Protocols: ARP, BOOTP, DHCP, STP/RSTP (IEEE 802.1D/w)

Interface

Default

Antennas: 2 dual-band omni-directional antennas, 2 dBi, RP-SMA (male)

Connector for External Antennas: RP-SMA (female)

LAN Ports:

1, 10/100/1000BaseT(X), auto negotiatio n speed (RJ45 -type)

Fiber Ports:

1, 1000BaseSFP slot

Console Port:

RS-232 (RJ45-type)

LED Indicators:

PWR1, PWR2, PoE, FAULT, STATE, signal strength, WLAN, LAN

Alarm Contact (Digital Output):

1 relay output with current carrying capacity of 1 A @ 24 VDC

Digital Inputs:

2 electrically isolated inputs

• +13 to +30 V for

state “1”

• +3 to

-30 V for state “ 0”

• Max. input current: 8 mA

Physical Characteristics

Housing:

Metal, IP30 protection

Weight:

970 g

Dimensions:

53.6 x 135 x 105 mm (2.11 x 5.31 x 4.13 in)

Installation:

DIN-Rail mounting (standard), wall mounting (o ptional)

Environmental Limits

Operating Temperature:

Standard Models: 0 to 60°C (32 to 140°F)
Wide Temp. Models:

-40 to 75°C (-40 to 167°F)

Storage Temperature:

-40 to 85°C (-40 to 185°F)

Ambient

Relative Humidity: 5% to 95% (non-condensing)

Power Requiremen t s

Input Voltage:

12 to 48 VDC, redundant dual DC power inputs or 48 VDC Power-over-

Ethernet (IEEE 802.3af

compliant)

Connector:

10-pin removable terminal block

Power Consumption:

12 to 48 VDC, 700 mA (max.)

Reverse Polarity Protection:

Present

Standards and Cer tifications

Safety:

UL 60950-1, EN 60950-1

Hazardous Location:

UL/cUL Class I Division 2, ATEX Zone 2

EMC:

EN 301 489-1/17, FCC Part 15 Subpart B Class B, EN 55022/55024

Radio:

EN 300 328, EN 301 893, TELEC

Note: Please check Moxa’s website for the most up

-to-date certification status.

Warranty

Warranty Period:

5 years

Details:

See www.moxa.com/warranty

ATTENTION

For EXPLOSION

-PROOF application, model AWK-3131 are designed and certified to mee t ATEX shall be

mounted in a suitable enclosure rate to at least IP54 and Pollution Degree 2 as defined in EN60529 and used
within its rated electrical and environmental ratings.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Introduction

1-6

ATTENTION

•

The AWK-

3131 is NOT a portable mobile device and should be located at least 20 cm away from the human

body.

•

The AWK-3131 is NOT designed for the general public. A well-trained technic ian s ho ul d be enlis te d to

ensure safe deployment of AWK-3131 units, and to establish a wireless ne twork.

Functional Design

LAN Port

The AWK-3131 comes standard with 1 combo Gigabit port (Ethernet RJ45 or Fibe r SFP). The LAN LED will light
up when the 1st LAN cable is inserted.

ATTENTION

Do not use the PoE

Injector. Instead, use an IEEE 802.3af or IEEE 802.3at compliant PSE (Power Sourcing

Equipment) for the PoE (Power over Ethernet) device .

SFP Fiber port
RJ45 Ethernet port

AirWorks AWK-3131 Introduction

1-7

Recommended SFP Accessories

SFP-1G series

• SFP-1GSXLC:
Small form factor pluggable transceiver with 1000 B a seS X , LC, 0.5 km, 0 to 60°C

• SFP-1GSXLC-T:
Small form factor pluggable transceiver with 1000 B a seS X , LC, 0.5 km, -20 to 75°C

• SFP-1GLSXLC:
Small form factor pluggable transceiver with 1000 B a seLSX, LC, 2 km, 0 to 60°C

• SFP-1GLSXLC-T:
Small form factor pluggable transceiver with 1000BaseLSX, LC, 2 km, -40 to 85°C

• SFP-1GLXLC:
Small form factor pluggable transceiver with 1000 B a seLX, LC, 10 km, 0 to 60°C

• SFP-1GLXLC-T:
Small form factor pluggable transceiver with 1000 B a seLX, LC, 10 km, -40 to 85°C

• SFP-1GLHLC:
Small form factor pluggable transceiver with 1000 B a seLH, LC, 30 km, 0 to 60°C

• SFP-1GLHLC-T:
Small form factor pluggable transceiver with 1000 B a seLH, LC, 30 km, -40 to 85°C

• SFP-1GLHXLC:
Small form factor pluggable transceiver with 1000 B a seLHX, LC, 40 km, 0 to 60°C

• SFP-1GLHXLC-T:
Small form factor pluggable transceiver with 1000 B a seLHX, LC, 40 km, -40 to 85°C

• SFP-1GZXLC:
Small form factor pluggable transceiver with 1000 B a seZX , LC, 80 k m , 0 to 60°C

• SFP-1GZXLC-T:
Small form factor pluggable transceiver with 1000 B a seZX, LC, 80 km, -40 to 85°C

• SFP-1GEZXLC:
Small form factor pluggable transceiver with 1000 B a seEZX, LC, 110 km, 0 to 60°C

• SFP-1GEZXLC-120:
Small form factor pluggable transceiver with 1000 B a seEZX, LC, 120 km, 0 to 60°C

AirWorks AWK-3131 Introduction

1-8

LED Indicators

The LEDs on the front panel of

the AWK-3131

provide a quick and easy means of determining the
current operational s

tatus and wireless settings.

The

FAULT LED indicates system failures and

user

-configured events. If the AWK-3131 cannot

retrieve

the IP address from a DHCP server, the

FAULT

LED will blink at one second intervals. The

SIGNAL

LEDs indicate signal strength, and only

operate

in Client mode.

The following table summarizes how to read the device’s wireless settings from the LED displays. More
information is available in Chapter 3 in the “Basic Wireless Settings” section.

LED Color State Description

Front Panel LED Indicators (System)

PWR1 Green

On Power is being supplied from power input 1.

Off

Power is not being supplied frompower input 1 .

PWR2 Green

On

Power is being supplied from power
input 2.

Off

Power is not being supplied from
power input 2.

PoE Amber

On Power is being supplied via PoE.
Off Power is not being supplied via PoE.

FAULT Red

Blink

(slow)

Cannot get an IP address from the
DHCP server (interval: 1 sec)

Blink

(fast)

IP address conflict (interval: 0.5 sec)

Off Error condition does not exist.

STATE

Green/

Red

Green Software Ready
Green

Blink

The AWK has been located by AWK
Search Utility. (interval: 1sec)

Red

Booting error condition

SIGNAL

(5 LEDs)

Green

On Signal level(for Client/Slave mode only)
Off

WLAN

Green

On

WLAN function is in Client/Slave mode and AWK has establish

ed a link

with an AP.

Blink WLAN data communication is run in Client/Slave mode

Off

WLAN is not in Client Mode or AWK has not established a link with an
AP.

Amber

On WLAN functions in AP/Master mode.

Blink WLAN’s data communication is run in AP/Master mode

Off

WLAN is not in use or not working properly

LAN

Green

On LAN port’s 1000 Mbps link is active.

Blink Data is being transmitted at 1000 Mbps

Off LAN port’s 1000 Mbps link is inactive

Amber

On LAN port’s 10/100 Mbps link is active.

Blink Data is being transmitted at 10/100 Mbps

Off LAN port’s 10/100 Mbps link is inactive

AirWorks AWK-3131 Introduction

1-9

ATTENTION

When

the system fails to boot, the LEDs for STATE (Green), FAULT, and WLAN will all light up

simultaneously and blink at one-second intervals. This may be due to improper operation or uncontr ollable
issues, such as an unexpected shutdown

while updating the firmware. To recover the firmware, refer to

the

“Firmware Recovery”

section in Chapter 6.

Beeper

The beeper emits two short beeps when the system is ready.

Reset Button

The RESET button is loc ated on the top pane l of the AWK-3131 . You can reboot the AWK-3131 or reset it to
factory default settings by pressing the RESET button with a pointed obj ect s uc h as an unfolded paper c lip.

• System reboot: Hold the RESET button down for under 5 seconds and then release.

• Reset to factory default: Hold the RESET button down for over 5 seconds until the STATE LED starts
blinking green. Release the button to reset the AWK-3131.

Relay (Digital Output)

The AWK-3131 has one relay output consisting of the 2 terminal block contacts on the top panel, as show n
below. These relay contacts are used to forward system failures a nd user-configured events.

The two wires attached to the relay contacts form an open circuit when a user-configured event is triggered. If
a user-configured event does not occur, the relay circuit will remain closed. For safety reasons, the relay circuit
is kept open when the AWK-3131 is not powered up.

Summary of the AWK-3131’s Relay Status

Power Status Event Relay

Off – Open
On Yes Open

No Short

2

2. Getting Started

This chapter explains how to install Moxa’s Air Work s AWK-3131 for the first time, and quickly set up your
wireless network and test whether the connec tio n is running w e l l. The Function Map discussed in the third
section provides a convenient means of determining which functions you ne ed to use.

The following topics are covered in this chapter :



First-time Installation and Config ur at i on



Communication Testing



Function Map

AirWorks AWK-3131 Getting Started

2-2

First-time Installation and Configuration

Before installing the AWK-3131, make sure that all items in the Package Checklist are in the box. You will need
access to a notebook computer or PC equipped with an Ethernet port. The AWK-3131 has a default IP address
that must be used when connecting to the dev ice for the first time.

• Step 1: Select the power source.
The AWK-3131 can be powered by a DC power input or PoE (Power over Ethernet). The AWK-3131 will use
whichever power source you choose.

• Step 2: Connect the AWK-3131 to a notebook or PC.
Since the AWK-3131 supports MDI /MDI-X auto-sensing, you can use either a straight-through cable or
crossover cable to connect the AWK-3131 to a computer. The LED indicator on the AWK-3131’s LAN port
will light up when a connection is established .

• Step 3: Set up the computer’s IP address.
Choose an IP address on the same subnet as the AWK-3131. Since the AWK-3131’s default IP address is

192.168.127.253, and the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0, you should set the IP address of the
computer to 192.168.127.xxx.

NOTE

After you

select Maintenance  Load Fac tory Default and click the Submit button, the AWK-3131

will be

reset to

factory default settings and the IP address will be reset to 192.168.127.253.

• Step 4: Use the web-based manager to configure the AWK-3131
Open your computer’s web browser and type http://192.168.127.253 in the address field to access the
homepage of the web-based Network Manager. Before the homepage opens, you will need to enter the user
name and password as shown in the following figure. For first-time co nf i g uration, enter the default user
name and password and then click on the Login button:

NOTE

Default user name and password:

User Name: admin
Password: root

For security reasons, we strongly recommend changing the default password. To do so,

select

Maintenance



Password, and then follow the on-screen instructions to change the password.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Getting Started

2-3

NOTE

After you click

Submit to apply changes the web page will refresh (Updated) will appear on the page

and a

blinking reminder will be shown on the upper

-right corner of the web page:

To

activate the changes click Restart and then Save and Restart

after you change the settings. About 30

seconds are needed for the AWK

-3131 to complete the reboot procedure.

• Step 5: Select the AWK-3131 operation mode.
By default, the AWK-3131’s operation mode is set to AP. You can change to C lie nt mode in Wireless
Settings  Basic Wireles s Set tin gs. Detailed information about configuring the AWK-3131’s operation
can be found in Chapter 3.

• Step 6: Test communications.
In the following sections we describe two test metho d s that can be used to e nsure that a network
connection has been established.

Communication Testing

After installing the AWK-3131 you can run a sample test to make sure the AWK-3131 and wireless connection
are functioning normally. Two testing methods are described below. Use the first method if you are using only
one AWK-3131 device, and use the second method if you are using two or more AWK-3131 units.

How to Test One AWK-3131

If you are only using one AWK-3131, you will need a second notebook computer equipped with a WLAN card.
Configure the WLAN card to connect to the AWK-3131 (NOTE: the default SSID is MOXA), and change the IP
address of the sec ond not ebook (Notebook B) so that it is on the same subnet as the first notebook (Notebook
A), which is connected to the AWK-3131.

After configuring the WLAN card, establish a wireless connection with the AWK-3131 and open a DOS window
on Notebook B. At the prompt, type

ping <IP address of notebook A>

and then press Enter (see the figure below). A “Reply from IP address …” response means the communication
was successful. A “Request timed out.” response means the communication failed. In this case, recheck the
configuration to make sure the connections are corre c t.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Getting Started

2-4

How to Test Two or More AWK-3131 Units

If you have two or more AWK-3131 units, you will need a second notebook computer (Notebook B) equipped
with an Ethernet port. Use the default settings for the first AWK-3131 connected to notebook A and change the
second or third AWK-3131 connected to no teboo k B to Client mode, and then configure the notebooks and
AWK-3131 units properly.

After setting up the testing environment, open a DOS window on notebook B. At the prompt, type:

ping <IP address of notebook A>

and then press Enter. A “Reply from IP address …” response means the communication was s ucce ssful. A
“Request timed out” response means the communication failed. In this case, recheck the configuration to make
sure the connections are correct.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Getting Started

2-5

Function Map

Basic settings for administering the AWK-3131

Essential settings related to establishing a
wireless network

Advanced fe atures to support additional network
management and secure wired and wireless
communication

Note: These advanced functions are all optional.

Application-oriented device
management functions to set up
events, traps,

and reactions via relay

warning, e-mail, and SNMP
notification

Note: These functions are all optional.

Current status information for monitoring
wired/wireless network performance, advanced
services, and device management functions.

Functions for maintaining the AWK-3131, and

for

diagnosing the network.

On-demand functions to support the web-

based

console management operation.

Quick overview of the AWK-3131’s status

3

3. Web Console Configuration

In this chapter, we explain all aspects of web-based console configuration. Moxa’s easy-to-use management
functions help you set up your AWK-3131 and make it easy to establish and maintain your wireless network.

The following topics are covered in this chapter :



Web Browser Configuration



Overview



Basic Settings

 System Info Settings
 Ne tw or k Se tti ng s
 Time S e ttings



Wireless Settings



Operation Mode



Basic Wireless Settings

 WLA N Sec urity Settings
 Advanced Wireless Settings
 WLAN Certification Settings (for EAP-TLS in

Client/Slave mode only)



Advanced Setting s

 Us ing V irtual LA N
 Configuring Virtual LAN
 DHCP Server (for AP mode only)
 Packet Filters
 RSTP Settings (for AP mode only)
 SN MP Age nt



Auto Warning Setting s

 System Log
 Syslog
 E-mail
 Relay
 Trap



Status

 Wir e le s s Sta tus
 Associated Client List (for AP/Master mode

only)

 DHCP Client List (for AP mode only)
 System Log
 R e lay S tatus
 DI and Power S tatus
 RSTP Status



Maintenance

 Console Settings
 Ping
 Firmware Upgrade
 Config Import Export
 Load Factory Default
 Password
 Misc . S e ttings



Save Conf iguration



Restart



Logout

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-2

Web Browser Configuration

Moxa AWK-3131’s web browser interface provides a convenient way to modify its configuration and access the
built-in monitoring and network adminis tration functions. The recommended web browser is Microsoft

®

Internet Explorer 7.0 or 8.0 with JVM (Java Virtual Machine) installed.

NOTE

To use

the AWK-3131’

s management and monitoring functions from a PC host connected to the same LAN as

the

AWK-3131, you must make sure that the PC host and the A WK-3131 are on the same logical subnet.

Similarly, if

the AWK-3131

is configured for other VLAN settings, you must make sure your PC host is on the

management VLAN.
The Moxa

AWK-3131’s default IP is 192.168.127.253.

Follow these steps to access the AWK-3131’s web-based console management interface.

1. Open your web browser ( e.g., Internet Explorer) and type the AWK-3131’s IP address in the address field.
Press Enter to establish the connection.

2. The Web Console Login page will open. Enter the password (default Username = admin; default Password
= root) and then click Login to continue.

3. You may need to wait a few moments for the web page to download to your computer. Note that the Model
name and IP address of your AWK-3131 are both shown in the title bar of the web page. This information
can be used to he lp you identi f y multiple AWK-3131 units.

4. Use the menu tree on the left side of the window to open the functio n pages to acce ss each of the
AWK-3131’s functions.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-3

In the following paragraphs, we describe each AWK-3131 management function in detail. A quick overview is
available in this manual in the “Function Map” section of Chapter 2.

NOTE

The model name of

the AWK-3131 is shown as AWK-3131-XX, where XX indicates the country code. The

country code

indicates the AWK-3131 version and which bandwidth it uses. We use AWK-3131-US as an

example

in the following figures. (The country code and model name that appears on

your computer screen

may be different than the one shown here

.)

Overview

The Overview page summarizes the AWK-3131’s current status. The infor ma tio n is categor ize d into s ev eral
groups: System info, Device info, and 802.11 info.

Click on SSID for more detailed 802.11 information, as shown in the following figure.

NOTE

The

802.11 info that is displayed may be different for different op era tio n modes . For examp le , “C urr e nt

BSSID” is not available in Client mode, and “Signal stre ngth” is not availab le in

AP mode.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-4

Basic Settings

The Basic Settings group includes the most commonly used settings required by administrators to maintain and
control the AWK-3131.

System Info Settings

The System Info items, especially Device name and Device description, are displayed and included on the
Overview page, in SNMP information, and in alarm emails. Setting System Info items makes it easier to

identify the different AWK-3131 units connected to your network.

Device name

Setting Description Factory Defaul t

Max. 31 of characters This option is useful for specifying the role or application of

different AWK-3131 units.

AWK-3131_<Serial
No. of this
AWK-3131>

Device location

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Max. of 31 characters Specifies the location of different AWK-3131 units. None

Device description

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Max. of 31 characters Use this space to record a more detailed description of the

AWK-3131

None

Device contact information

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Max. of 31 characters Provides

information about whom to contact in order to resolve

problems. Use this space to record contact informatio n of the
person responsible for maintaining this AWK-3131.

None

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-5

Network Settings

The Network Settings configuration panel allows yo u to modify the usual TC P/IP ne two rk paramete rs . A n
explanation of each configuration item is given be lo w.

IP configuration

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

DHCP The AWK-3131’s IP address will be assigned automatically by

the network’s DHCP server

Static

Static Set up the AWK-3131’s IP address manually.

IP address

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

AWK-3131’s IP address

Identifies the AWK-3131 on a TCP/IP network.

192.168.127.253

Subnet mask

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

AWK-3131’s subnet
mask

Identifies the type of network to which the AWK-3131 is
connected (e.g., 255.255.0.0 for a Class B network, or

255.255.255.0 for a Class C network).

255.255.255.0

Gateway

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

AWK-3131’s default
gateway

The IP address of the router that connects the

LAN to an outside

network.

None

Primary/ Seco nd a ry DNS server

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

IP address of the
Primary/Secondary
DNS server

The IP address of

the DNS Server used by your network. After

entering the DNS Server’s IP add res s , you can input the
AWK-3131’s URL (e.g., http://ap11.abc.com) in your browser’

s

address field instead of entering the IP address. The Secondary
DNS server will be used if the Primary DNS server fails to
connect.

None

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-6

Time Settings

The AWK-3131 has a time calibration function based on information from an NTP server or user specified Date
and Time information. Functions such as Auto warning can add real-time information to the message.

The Current local time shows the AWK-3131’s system time when you open this web page. You can click on
the Set Time button to activate the updated date and time parameters. An “(Updated)” string will appear to
indicate that the change is complete. Local time setting s w ill be immediately activated in the system without
running Save and Restart.

NOTE

The

AWK-3131 has a built-in real time clock (RTC). We strongly r ecommend that users update the

Local time

for

the AWK-3131 after the initial setup or a long-term shutdown, especially when the network does

not have

an Internet connection for

accessing the NTP server or there is no NTP server on the LAN.

Current local time

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

User adjustable time The date and time parameters allow configuratio n of the local

time, with immediate activation.
Use 24-hour format: yyyy/mm/dd hh:mm:ss

None

Time zone

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

User selectable time
zone

The time zone setting allows conversion from

GMT (Greenwich

Mean Time) to local time.

GMT (Greenwich
Mean Time)

ATTENTION

Changing the time zone will automatically

adjust the Current local time. You should configure the Time

zone

before setting the Current local time.

Daylight saving time

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Enable/ Disable Daylight saving time (also know as DST or summer time)

involves advancing clocks (usually 1 hour ) dur ing the s ummer

time to provide an extra hour of daylight in the afternoon.

Disable

When Daylight saving time is enabled, the following parameters will be shown:

• Starts at: The date that daylight saving time begins.

• Stops at: The date that daylight saving time ends.

• Time offset: Indicates how many hours forward the clo ck should b e advanc ed.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-7

Time server 1/2

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

IP/Name of Time
Server 1/2

IP or Domain name of the NTP time server. The 2nd NTP server
will be used if the 1st NTP server fails to connect.

time.nist.gov

Query period

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Query period time
(1 to 9999 seconds)

This parameter determ ines h ow often

the time is updated from

the NTP server.

600 (seconds)

Wireless Settings

The essential settings for wirel ess networks are presented in this function group. Settings must be properly set
before establishing your wireless network. Familiarize yourself with the following terms before starting the
configuration process:

AP: In a wireless local area network (WLAN), an access point is a station that tr ansmits and rec e ive s data .
Client: When the AWK-3131 is configured for Client mode, it can be used as an Ethernet-to-wireless (or

LAN-to-WLAN) network adaptor. For example, a notebook computer equipped with an Ethernet adaptor but no
wireless card can be connected to this device with an Ethernet cable to provide wireless connectivity to another
AP.

Operation Mode

The AWK-3131 supports four main operation modes—AP, C lient, Maste r, and Slave—each of which plays a
distinct role on the wireless network.

Wireless Enable

Setting Description Factory Default

Enable/Disable The RF (Radio Frequency) module can be manually turned on or

off. This function is available in AP operation mode only .

Enable

Operation Mode

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

AP The AWK-3131 plays the role of wireless Access Point AP

Client

The AWK-3131 plays the role of wireless Client

Master This mode collocates with AWK-5232/6232’s Wireless bridge

mode. The AWK-3131 plays the role of wireless Master.

Slave This mode collocates with AWK-5232/6232’s Wireless bridge

mode. The AWK-3131 plays the role of wireless Slave.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-8

Basic Wireless Settings

The “WLAN Basic Setting Selection” panel is used to add and edit SSID s . An SSID is a unique identifier that
wireless networking devices use to establish and maintain wireless connectivity. Multiple ac c ess poi nts on a
network or sub-network can use the same SSIDs . You can conf igure your AWK to use up to 9 SSIDs, and
configure each SSID differently. All of the SSIDs are active at the same time; that is, client devices can use any
of the SSIDs to associate with the access point.

Click on Add SSID to create more SSIDs.

Click on Edit to assign different configuration settings to each SSID . The configuration panel appears as
follows:

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-9

NOTE

When you switch to

Client mode, a Site S urve y button

will be available on the Basic Wireless Settings panel.

Click the “Site Survey” button to view information about available APs, as

shown in

the following figure. You can

click on the SSID of an entity and bring the value of its SSID onto

the SSID field of the

Basic Wireless Settin gs

page.

Click the Refresh button to re-scan and update the table.

NOTE

If the

Gateway field in Basic Settings  Network Settings is empty, a warning message will appear,

reminding you to set

the default gateway when Client mode is enabled. You can ignore this message if you

are

only

planning a local network and packets will not be sent outside the network.

RF type

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

2.4 GHz

B Only supports the IEEE 802 .11b standard B/G/N Mixed
G Only supports the IEEE 802 .11g standard
B/G Mixed Supports IEEE 802.11b/g standards, but 802.11g may operate

at a slower speed if when 802.11b clie nts are on the network

G/N Mixed Supports IEEE 802.11g/n standards, but 802.11n may operate

at a slower speed if 802.11g clients are on the network

B/G/N Mixed Supports IEEE 802.11b/g/n standards, but 802.11g/n may

operate at a slower speed if 802.11b clients are on the network

N Only (2.4GHz) Only supports the 2.4 GHz IEEE 802.11n standard

5 GHz

A Only supports the IEEE 802.11a standard
A/N Mixed Supports IEEE 802.11a/n standards, but 802.11n

may operate

at a slower speed if 802.11a clients are on the network

N Only (5GHz) Only supports the 5 Ghz IEEE 802.11n standard

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-10

Channel (for AP mode only)

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Available

channels vary

with RF type

The AWK-3131 plays the role of wirel e s s AP. 6 (in B/G/N Mixed

mode)

Channel Width (for any 11N RF type only)

Setting Description Factory Default

20 MHz Select your channel width, If you are not sure which option to

use, select 20/ 40MHz (Auto)

20 MHz

20/40 MHz

Channel bonding

If 20/40 MHz only is the Channel Width setting, this channel bonding will auto set the channel based on your
channel setting.

SSID

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Max. of 31 characters The SSID of a client and the SSID of the AP must be identical for

the client and AP to be able to communicate with e ach other.

MOXA

SSID broadcast (for AP mode only)

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Enable/ Disable SSID c an be broadcast or not Enable

NOTE

The AWK

-3131-JP (for Japanese frequency bands) only connects SSID-

hidden APs for IEEE 802.11a channels,

and IEEE 802.11g/n channels 1 to 11. The AWK

-3131-EU (for European frequency bands) only connec ts

SSID

-hidden APs for IEEE 802.11b/g/n channels.

WLAN Security Settings

The AWK-3131 provides four standardized wireless security modes: Open, WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy),
WPA (Wi-Fi P rotected Access) , and WPA2. Several security modes are available in the AWK-3131 by selecting

Security mode and WPA type:

• Open: No authentication, no data encryption.

• WEP: Static WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) keys must be configured manually.

• WPA/WPA2-Personal: Also known as WPA/WPA2-PSK. You will need to specify the Pre-Shared Key in the
Passphrase field, which will be used by the TKIP or AES engine as a master key to generate keys that
actually encrypt outgoing packets and decrypt incoming packets.

• WPA/WPA2-Enterprise: Also called WPA/WPA2-EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol). In addition to
device-based authe ntic a tio n, WPA/WPA2-Enterprise enables user-bas ed authe nti c ation via IEEE802.1X.
The AWK-3131 can support three EAP methods: EAP-TLS, EAP-TTLS, and EAP-PEAP.

Security mode

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Open No authentication Open

WEP

Static WEP is used

WPA* WPA is used
WPA2* Fully supports IEEE802.11i with “TKIP/AES + 802.1X”

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-11

Open

For security reasons, you should NOT set security mode to Open System, since authentication and data
encryption are NOT performed in Open System mode.

WEP (only for legacy mode)

NOTE

Moxa includes

WEP security mode only for legacy purposes. WEP is highly insecure and is considered fully

deprecated by the Wi

-Fi alliance. We do not recommend the use of WEP security under any circumstances.

According to the IEEE802.11 standard, WEP can be used for authentication and data encryption to maintain
confidentiality. Shared (or Shared Key) authentication type is used if WEP authentication and data encryption
are both needed. Normally, Open (or Open System) authentication type is used when WEP data encryption is
run with authentication.

When WEP is enabled as a security mode, the length of a key (so-called WEP seed) ca n be specified as 64/128
bits, which is actually a 40/104-bit secr e t key with a 24-bit initial iz ation vector. The AWK-3131 provides 4
entities of WEP key settings that can be selected t o use with Key index. The selected key setting specifies the
key to be used as a send-key for encrypting traffic from the AP side to the wireless client side. All 4 WEP keys
are used as receive-keys to decrypt traffic from the wireless client side to the AP side.

The WEP key can be presented in two Key types, HEX and ASCII. Each ASCII character has 8 bits, so a 40-bit
(or 64-bit) WEP key contains 5 character s , and a 104-bit (or 128-bit) key has 13 characters. In hex, each
character uses 4 bits, so a 40-bit key has 10 hex characters, and a 128-bit key has 26 characters.

Authentication type

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Open Data encryption is enabled, but without authentication Open
Shared Data encryption and authentication are both enabled.

Key type

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

HEX Specifies WEP keys in hex-decimal numbe r form HEX
ASCII Specifies WEP keys in ASCII form

Key length

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

64 bits Uses 40-bit secret keys with 24-bit initialization vec tor 64 bits
128 bits Uses 104-bit secret key with 24-bit initialization vector

Key index

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

1-4

Specifies which WEP key is used

Open

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-12

WEP key 1-4

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

ASCII type:
64 bits: 5 chars
128 bits: 13chars
HEX type:
64 bits: 10 hex chars
128 bits: 26 hex chars

A string that can be used a s a WEP seed for the

RC4 encryption

engine.

None

WPA/WPA2-Personal

WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) and WPA2 represent significant improvements over the WEP encryption method.
WPA is a security standard based on 802.11i draft 3, while WPA2 is based on the fully ratified version of 802.11i.
The initial vector is transmitted, encrypted, and enhanced with its 48 bits, twice as long as WEP. The key is
regularly changed so that true session is secured.

Even though AES encryption is only included in the WPA2 s tandar d, it is widely available in the WPA security
mode of some wireless APs and clients as well. The AWK-3131 also supports AES algorithms in WPA and WPA2
for better compatibility.

Personal versions of WPA/WPA2, also know as WPA/WPA -PSK (Pre-Shared Key), provid e a simple way of
encrypting a wireless connection for hig h confid e ntia lity. A Passphrase is used as a basis for encryption
methods (or cipher types) in a WLAN connection. The passp hr a s es should be complicated and as long as
possible. There must be at least 8 ASCII characters in the Passphrase, and it could go up to 63. For security
reasons, this passp hras e sho uld only be disclosed to users who need it, and it should be changed regularly.

WPA type

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Personal Provides Pre-Shared Key-enabled WPA and WPA2 Personal
Enterprise Provides enterprise-level security for WPA and WPA2

Encryption method

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

TKIP** Temporal Key Integrity Protocol is enabled AES
AES Advance Encryption System is enabled
Mixed* Provides TKIP broadcast key and TKIP+AES unicast key for

some legacy AP clients. This option is rarely used .

** This option is only available with 802.11a/b /g sta nd ard
* This option is available for legacy mode in AP/Master only, and does not supp or t AES -enabled clients.

Passphrase

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

8 to 63 characters Master key to generate keys for encryption and decryption None

Key renewal (for AP/Master mode only)

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

60 to 86400 seconds
(1 minute to 1 day)

Specifies the time period of group key renewal 3600 (seconds)

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-13

NOTE

The

key renewal value dictates how often the wireless AP encryption keys should be changed. T

he security

level

is generally higher if you set the key renewal value to a shorter number, which forces the

encryption keys

to b

e changed more frequently. The default value is 3600 seconds (6 minutes). Longer time periods can be

considered if

the line is not very busy.

WPA/WPA2-E nter prise (for AP/Master mode)

By setting WPA type to Enterprise, you can use EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol), a framework
authentication protocol used by 802.1X to prov ide ne twork authenticatio n. In these Enterprise-level security
modes, a back-end RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service) server is needed if IEEE 802.1X
functionality is enabled in WPA /WPA2. The IEEE 802.1X protocol also offers the possibility of carrying out an
efficient connection authentication on a large-scale network. It is not necessary to exchange keys or
passphrases.

WPA type

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Personal Provides Pre-Shared Key-enabled WPA and WPA2 Personal
Enterprise Provides enterprise-level security for WPA and WPA2

Encryption method

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

TKIP** Temporal Key Integrity Protocol is enabled AES
AES Advance Encryption System is enabled
Mixed* Provides TKIP broadcast key and TKIP+AES unicast key for

some legacy AP clients. This option is rarely used .

** This option is only available with 802.11a/b /g sta nd ard
* This option is available for legacy mode in AP/Master only, and does not supp or t AES-enabled clients.

Primary/Secondary RADIUS server IP

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

The IP address of
RADIUS server

Specifies the delegated RADIUS server for EAP None

Primary/Secondary RADIUS port

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Port number

Specifies the port number of the delegated RADIUS server

1812

Primary/ Secondary RADIUS shared key

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Max. of 31 characters The secret key shared between AP and RADIUS server None

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-14

Key renewal

Setting Description Factory Default

60 to 86400 seconds
(1 minute to 1 year)

Specifies the time period of group key renewal 3600 (seconds)

WPA/WPA2-Enterprise (for Client/Slave mode)

When used as a client, the AWK-3131 can support three EAP methods (or EAP protocols): EAP-TLS,
EAP-TTLS, and EAP-PEAP, corresponding to WPA/WPA-Enterprise settings on the AP side.

Encryption method

Setting

Description

Factory Defaul t

TKIP** Temporal Key Integrity Protocol is enabled TKIP
AES Advance Encryption System is enabled

**This option is only availab le wi th 802.11a/b/g standard.

EAP Protocol

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

TLS Specifies Transport Layer Security protocol TLS
TTLS Specifies Tunneled Transport Layer Security
PEAP Specifies Protected Extensible Authentication Protocol, or

Protected EAP

Before choosing the EAP protocol for your WPA/WPA2-Enterpise settings on the client end, please contact the
network administrator to make sure the system supports the p rotocol on the AP end. Detailed information on
these three popular EAP protocols is presented in the following sections.

EAP-TLS

TLS is the standards-based successor to Secu re Sock et La yer ( SSL) . It can establish a trusted communication
channel over a distrusted network. TLS provides mutual authentication through certificate exchange. EAP-TLS
is also secure to use. You are required to submit a digital certificate to the authentication server for validation,
but the authentication server must also supply a certif i c ate .

You can use Basic Wireless Settings  WLAN Certificate Settings to import your WLAN certificate and
enable EAP-TLS on the client end.

You can check the current certificate status in Current Status if it is available.

• Certificate issued to: Shows the certificate user

• Certificate issued by: Shows the certific a te iss uer

• Certificate expiration date: Indicates when the certificate has expired

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-15

EAP-TTLS

It is usually much easier to re-use existing authentication s ystems, such as a Windows domain or Active
Directory, LDAP directory, or Kerberos realm, rather than creating a parallel authentication system. As a result,
TTLS (Tunneled TLS) and PEAP (Protected EAP) are used to support the use of so-called “legacy authentication
methods.”

TTLS and PEAP work in a similar way. First, they establish a TLS tunnel (EAP-TLS for example), and validate
whether the network is trustworthy with digital certificates on the authentication server. This step establishes
a tunnel that protects the next step (or “inner” authentication), and consequently is sometimes referred to as
“outer” authentication. The TLS tunnel is then used to encrypt an older authentication protocol that
authenticates the user for the network .

As you can see, digital certificates are still needed for outer authentication in a simplified form. Only a small
number of certificates are required, which can be generate d by a small cer tificate authority. Certificate
reduction makes TTLS and PEAP much more popular than EAP-TLS.

The AWK-3131 provides some non-cryptographic EAP methods, including PAP, CHAP, MS-CHAP, and
MS-CHAP-V2. These EAP methods are not recommended for direct use on wireless networks. However, they
may be useful as inner authentication methods with TT LS and PEA P.

Because the inner and outer authentications can use distinc t us e r name s in TTLS and PEAP, yo u can use an
anonymous user name for the outer authentication, with the true user name only shown through the encrypted
channel. Keep in mind that not all client software supports anonymous alteration. Confirm this with the network
administrator before you enable identity hiding in TTLS and PEAP.

TTL Inner Authentication

Setting Description Factory Default

PAP Password Authentication Protocol is used MS-CHAP-V2
CHAP Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol is used
MS-CHAP Microso ft CHAP is used
MS-CHAP-V2 Microsoft CHAP version 2 is used

Anonymous

Setting Description Factory Default

Max. of 31 characters A distinct name used for outer authentication None

User name & Password

Setting

Description

Factory Defaul t

User name and password used in inner authentication None

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-16

PEAP

There are a few differences in the TTLS and PEAP inner authentication pr oc e d ure s. TTLS uses the encrypted
channel to exchange attribute-value pairs (AVPs), while PEAP uses the encrypted channel to start a second EAP
exchange inside of the tunnel. The AWK-3131 provides MS-CHAP-V2 merely as an EAP method for inner
authentication.

Inner EAP protocol

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

MS-CHAP-V2 Microsoft CHAP version 2 is used MS-CHAP-V2

Anonymous

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Max. of 31 characters A distinct name used for outer authentication None

User name & Password

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

User name and password used in inner authentication None

Advanced Wireless Settings

Additional wireless-related parameter s are presented in this section to help you set up your wireless network
in detail.

Transmissi on Rate

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Auto The AWK-3131 senses and adjusts the data rate automatically Auto
Available rates Users can manually se lect a targ e t trans m is s io n data rate but

does't support when RF type are G/N mixed, B/G/N mixed and

A/N mixed.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-17

Multicast Rate

Setting Description Factory Default

Available rates You c an set a fixed multic as t rate fo r the transmission of

broadcast and multicast packets on a per-radio basis. This
parameter can be useful in an environment where multicas t

video streaming is occurring in the wireless medium, providing

the wireless clients are capable of handling the configured rate

6M

Guarding Interval

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Guarding Interval Guarding interval is used to ensure that distinct tr a ns mis s ions

do not interfere with one another. You can select the guarding

interval manually for Wireless-N conne c tions. The two options
are Short (400ns) and Long (800ns).

800ns.

Transmissi on Power

Setting Description Factory Default

Available power Users

can manually select a target power to mask max output

power. Because different transmission rate would have it own
max output power, please reference product datasheet.
For 802.11bg, the available setting is from 0 to 20

10

Beacon Interval (for AP/Master mode only)

Setting

Description

Factory Defaul t

Beacon Interval
(40 to 1000 ms)

Indicates the frequency interval of the beacon 100 (ms)

DTIM Interval (for AP/Master mode only)

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Data Beacon Rate
(1 to 15)

Indicates how often the AWK-3131 sends out a Delivery Traffic
Indication Message

1

Fragmentation thre s ho l d

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Fragment Length
(256 to 2346)

S

pecifies the maximum size a data packet before splitting and

creating another new packet

2346

RTS threshold

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

RTS/CTS Threshold
(256 to 2346)

D

etermines how large a pa cket can be before the Access P oi nt

coordinates transmission and recepti o n to ens ure eff ic ie nt
communication

2346

NOTE

You can refer to the related glossaries in Chapter 5 for detailed information about the above-mentioned

settings

. By setting these parameters properly, you can better tune the performance of your wireless network

.

Transmission distance (for 802.11a/n only)

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Distance or max. range

for transmission
(500 to 2500 m)

Specifies the transmission distance or max. range

between two

AWK devices. This parameter should be set properly, especially
for long-distance communication.

500

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-18

Noise protection

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Enable/Disable Adjusts the interference coping capability of the wireless signal.

This option should be enabled for communication d is ta nc e
under 500 meters, and should be disabled for communication
distances over 500 meters.

Disable

NOTE

Make sure the same

Transmission distance parameters are set in both AP and Client. When this

parameter is

greater than 500, an optimal al g or ithm w ill be enabled to support long-distance transmission.

Note that

Transmission enhancement only supports 802.11a/n mode; 802.11b/g/n mode is not

supported.

Transmission enhancement

is also recommended to enable communication at both ends when

long

-distance transmission is required. A high-

gain antenna installed at a fixed antenna connector can also

improve performance.

WMM

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Enable/Disable WMM is a QoS

standard for WLAN traffic. Voice and video data

will be given priority bandwidth when enable d with WMM
supported wireless clients.
Note: WMM will always be enabled under 802.11n mode.

Enable

Full 11a channel support

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Enable/Disable “Full 11a channel support” allows users to select one channel

from 802.11a, including channels in licensed and unlicensed
bands.

Disable

Turbo Roaming (for Client mode only)

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Enable/ Disable Moxa’s Turbo Roaming can enable rapid handover when the

AWK-3131, as a client, roams among a group of APs.

Disable

When Turbo Roaming is enabled, the RF type, AP alive check, and Scan channels will be shown as follows. RF
type shows the current RF type that this client is using. AP alive check will check if the AP connection is still
available. When this function is enabled, a check will be done every 10 ms. You can set up Scan c hanne ls for
the APs among which this client is going to roam. There are three Scan channels available. Note that the Scan

channels may need to be modified when the RF type is changed. (For example, channel 36 is not available in
B, G, N or B/G/N Mix mode.)

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-19

WLAN Certification Settings (for EAP-TLS in Client/Slave
mode only)

When EAP-TLS is used, a WLAN Certificate will be required at the client end to support WPA/WPA2-Enterprise.
The AWK-3131 can support the PKCS #12, also known as Personal Information Exchange Syntax Standard,
certificate formats that define file formats commonly used to store private keys with accompanying public key
certificates, protected with a password-based symmetric key.

Current Status displays information for the current WLAN certificate, which has been importe d into the
AWK-3131. Nothing will be shown if a certificate is not available.

Certificate issued to: Shows the certificate user
Certificate issued by: Sho ws the cer ti f ic a te iss uer
Certificate expiration date: Indicates when the certificate has expired

You can import a new WLAN certificate in Import WLAN Certificate by following these steps, in order:

1. Input the corresponding password (or key) in the Certificate private password field and then click
Submit to set the password.

2. The password will be displayed in the Certificate pr ivate p asswor d f ie ld. Click on the Browse butto n in
Select certificate/key file and select the certificate file.

3. Click Upload Certificate File to import the certificate file. If the import succeeds, you can see the
information uploaded in Cur rent Certificate. If it fails, you may need to return to step 1 to set the
password correctly and then import the certificate file again.

NOTE

The WLAN certificate will

remain after the AWK-3131 reboots. Even though it is expired

, it can still be seen on

the

Current Certificate.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-20

Advanced Settings

Several advanced functions are available to increase the functionality of your AWK-3131 and wireless network
system. A VLAN is a collection of clients and hosts grouped together as if they were connected to the broadcast
domains in a layer 2 network. The DHCP server helps you deploy wire le ss c lie nts efficiently. Packet filters
provide security mechanisms, such as firewalls, in different network layers. Moreover, the AWK-3131 can
support STP/RSTP protocol to increase reliability across the entire network, and S N MP support c an make
network management easier.

Using Virtual LAN

Setting up Virtual LANs (VLANs) on your AWK series increases the effic ie nc y of your network by dividing the
LAN into logical segments, as opposed to physical segments. I n ge neral , V LANs are easier to manage .

The Virtual LAN (VLAN) Concept

What is a VLAN?

A virtual LAN, commonly known as a VLAN, is a group of hosts with a common set of requirements that
communicate as if they were attached to the same broadcast domain, r egard le s s of the ir phy s ic al loc ation. A
VLAN has the same attributes as a physical LAN, but it allows for end stations to be grouped together even if
they are not located on the same network switch. Network reco nfiguration can be done through software
instead of physically relocating dev ices .

VLANs now extend as far as the reach of the access point signal. Clients can be segmented into wir e less
sub-networks via SSID and VLAN assignment. A Client can access the network by connecting to an AP
configured to support its assigned SSID/VLA N .

Benefits of VLANs

VLANs are used to conveniently, efficiently , and easily ma nage yo ur ne twork in the fo llow ing ways:

• Manage adds, moves, and changes from a single point of contact

• Define and monitor groups

• Reduce broadcast and multicast traffic to unnecessary destinations

• Improve network performance and reduce latency

• Increase security

• Secure network restricts members to resources on their own VLAN

• Clients roam without compromising security

VLAN Workgroups and Traffic Management

The AP assigns clients to a VLAN based on a Network Name (SSID). The AP can support up to 9 SSIDs per radio
interface, with a unique VLAN configurable per SSID .

The AP matches packets transmitted or received to a network name with the associated VLAN. Traffic received
by a VLAN is only sent on the wireless interface associated with that same VLAN. This eliminates unnecessary
traffic on the wireless LAN, conserving bandwidth and maximizing throughput.

In addition to enhancing wireless traffic ma nagem e nt, the VLAN-capable AP supports easy assignment of
wireless users to workgroups. In a typical sce nario, each user VLAN represents a department workgroup; for
example, one VLAN could be used for a marketing department and the other for a human resource department.

In this scenario, the AP would assign every packet it accepted to a VLAN. Each packet would then be identified
as marketing or human resource, depending on which wireless client received it. The AP would insert VLAN
headers or “tags” with identifiers into the packets transmitte d on the wired backbone to a network switch.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-21

Finally, the switch would be configured to route
packets from the m

arketing department to the

appropriate corporate resources such as printers and
servers. Packets from the human resource
department could be restricted to a gateway that
allowed access to only the Internet. A member of the
human resource department could send and receive
e

-mail and access the Internet, but would be

prevented from accessing servers or hosts on the
local corporate network.

Configuring Virtual LAN

VLAN Settings

To configure the AWK’s VLAN, use the VLAN Setting page to configure the ports.

Management VLAN ID

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

VLAN ID
ranges fro m
1 to 4094

Set the management VLAN of this AWK. 1

Port

Type Description Trunk Port

LAN This p ort is the LAN port on the AWK. Yes
WLAN This is a wireless port for th e specific SSID

. This field will refer

to the SSID that you have created. If more SSIDs have been
created, new rows will be added.

Port PVID

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

VLAN ID ranging from 1
to 4094

Set the port’s VLAN ID for devices that connect to the port.

The

port can be a LAN port or WLAN ports.

1

VLAN Tagged

Setting

Description

Factory Defaul t

A comma-

seperated list

of VLAN IDs. Each of
the VLAN IDs range
from 1 to 4094.

Specify which VLANs can communicate with this specific VLAN. (Empty)

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-22

NOTE

The VLAN feature can allow wireless clients to manage the AP. If the VLAN Management ID matches a VLAN
ID, then those wireless clients who are members of that VLAN will have AP manageme nt acce s s .

CAUTION: Once a VLAN Management ID is configured and is equivalent to one of the VLAN IDs on the AP, all
members of that User VLAN will have management access to the AP. Be careful to restrict VLAN membership
to those with legitimate access to the AP.

DHCP Server (for AP mode only)

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protoco l) i s a networking protocol that allows administrator s to ass ig n
temporary IP addresses to network computers by “leasing” an IP address to a user for a limited amount of time,
instead of assigning permanent IP addresses.

The AWK-3131 can act as a simplified DHCP server and easily assign IP addresses to your DHCP clients by
responding to the DHCP requests from the client ends. The IP-related parameters you set on this page will also
be sent to the client.

You can also assign a static IP address to a specific client by entering its MAC address. The AWK-3131 provides
a Static DHCP mapping list with up to 16 entities. Be reminded to check the Active check box for each entity
to activate the setting.

You can check the IP assignment status under Status  DHCP Client List.

DHCP server

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Enable Enables A WK-3131 as a DHC P s erver Disable
Disable Disable DHCP server function

Default gateway

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

IP address of a default
gateway

The IP address of the router that connects to an outside
network

None

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-23

Subnet mask

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

subnet mask Identifies the type of sub-network (e.g., 255.255.0.0 for a

Class B network, or 255.255.255.0 for a Class C network)

None

Primary/ Seco nd a ry DNS server

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

IP address of Primary/
Secondary DNS s erver

The IP address of the DNS Server used by your network. A fter

entering the DNS Server’s IP address, you can use URL as well.
The Secondary DNS server will be used if the Primary DNS
server fails to connect.

None

Start IP address

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

IP addr ess Indica te s the IP address which AWK-3131 can start assigning None

Maximum number of users

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

1 – 999 Specifies how many IP address can be assigned continuous ly None

Client lease time

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

1 – 10 days The lease time for which an IP address is assigned . The IP

address may go expired after the lease time is reached.

10 (days)

Packet Filters

The AWK-3131 includes various filters for IP-based packets going through LAN and WLAN interfaces. You can
set these filters as a firewall to help enhance netw ork sec urity .

MAC Filter

The AWK-3131’s MAC filter is a policy-based filter that can allow or filter out IP-based packets with specified
MAC addresses. The AWK-3131 provides 8 entities for setting MAC addresses in your filte ring po lic y.
Remember to check the Active check box for each entity to activate the setting.

Enable

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Enable Enables MAC filter Disable
Disable Disables MAC filter

Policy

Setting Description Factory Default

Accept

Only the packets fitting the entities on list can be allowed.

Drop

Drop Any packe t fitting the e ntitie s on list will be denied.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-24

ATTENTION

Be careful when you enable the filter function:

Drop

+ “no entity on list is activated” = all packets are allowed

Accept

+ “no entity on list is activated” = all packets are denied

IP Protocol Filter

The AWK-3131’s IP protocol filter is a policy-based filter that ca n allow or filter out IP-based packets with
specified IP protocol and source/destination IP addresses.

The AWK-3131 provides 8 entities for setting IP protocol and source/destination IP addresses in your filtering
policy. Four IP protocols are available: All, ICMP, TCP, and UDP. You must specify either the Source IP or the
Destination IP. By combining IP addresses and netmasks, you can specify a single IP address or a range of IP
addresses to accept or drop. For example, “IP address 192.168.1.1 and netmask 255.255.255.255” refers to
the sole IP address 192.168.1.1. “IP address 192. 168. 1. 1 a n d net ma s k 2 55. 25 5.2 55. 0” refers to the range of
IP addresses from 192.168. 1.1 to 192.168. 255. Remember to check the Active check box for each entity to
activate the setting.

Enable

Setting Description Factory Default

Enable Enables IP protocol filter Disable
Disable Disables IP protocol filter

Policy

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Accept Only the packets fitting the entities o n the list can be allowed Drop
Drop Any packet fitting the entities on the list will be denied

ATTENTION

Be careful when you enable the filter function:

Drop

+ “no entity on list is activated” = all packets are allowed.

Accept

+ “no entity on list is activated” = all packets are denied.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-25

TCP/UDP Port Filter

The AWK-3131’s TCP/UDP port filter is a policy-based filter that can allow or filter out TCP/UDP-based packets
with a specified source or destination port.

The AWK-3131 provides 8 entities for setting the range of source/destination ports of a specific protocol. In
addition to selecting TCP or UDP protocol, you can set either the source port, destination port, or both. The end
port can be left empty if only a single port is specified. Of course, the end port cannot be larger then the start
port.

The Application name is a text string that describes the corresponding entity with up to 31 characters.
Remember to check the Active check box for each entity to activate the setting.

Enable

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Enable

Enables TCP/UDP port filter

Disable

Disable Disables TCP/UDP port filter

Policy

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Accept Only the packets fitting the entities o n lis t c a n be allow ed. Drop
Drop Any packe t fitting the e ntitie s on list will be denied.

ATTENTION

Be careful when you enable the filter function:

Drop

+ “no entity on list is activated” = all packets are allowed

Accept

+ “no entity on list is activated” = all packets are denied

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-26

RSTP Settings (for Master or Slave mode only)

AWK-3131 supports IEEE802.1D Spanning Tree Protocol and IEEE802.1w Rapid STP standards. In addition to
eliminating unexpected path looping , S TP/RS T P c an provid e a back up path recov er y if a wired/ wir e less path
fails accidentally. The reliability a nd av ailability can increase because this fail-over function.

AWK-3131’s STP/RSTP feature is disabled by default. To be completely effective, you must enable RSTP/STP on
every AWK-3131 connected to your network. If AWK-3131 plays a Slave role, which is connected to a device
(PLC, RTU, etc.) as opposed to network switch equipment, it is not necessary to enable STP/RSTP. The reason
is that it will cause unnecessary negotiation. AWK-3131s support STP/RSTP in Master or Slave mode only.

The following figures indicate which Spanning Tree Protocol parameters can be configured. A more detailed
explanation of each parameter is given below the figure .

RSTP status

This field will appear only when selected to operate STP/RSTP. It indicates whether this AWK-3131 is the Root
of the Spanning Tree (the root is determined automatic a lly) or not.

Bridge priority

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Numerical value
selected
by user

You can increase the bridge priority by selec ting a lower
number. A higher bridge priority brings a greater chance of
being established as the root of the Spanning Tree topology.

32768

Hello time

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Numerical value input
by user
(1 – 10 seconds)

The root of the Spanning Tree topology periodically sends out a
“hello”

message to other devices on the n etwork to ch eck if t he

topology is healthy. Hello time indicates ho w ofte n the roo t
sends hello messages.

2 (seconds)

Forwarding delay

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Numerical value input
by user
(4 – 30 seconds)

The amount of time this device waits before

checking to see if it

should change to a different topology.

15 (seconds)

Max. age

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Numerical value input
by user
(6 – 40 seconds)

As a non-root role, if the device has not received a hello
message from the root longer than Max. age, it will reconfigure
itself as a root. Once two or more devices on the network are
recognized as a root, the devices will renegotia te to set up a
new Spanning Tree topology.

20 (seconds)

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-27

Enable RSTP

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Enable/ disable Enables or disables the port as a node on the Spanning Tree

topology.

Disable
(unchecked)

Port priority

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Numerical value
selected by user

Increase this port’s priority as a node on the Spanning Tree
topology by inputting a lower number.

128

Port cost

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Enable/ Disable

Input a higher cost to indicate that this port is less suitable as a

node for the Spanning Tree topology

2000000

Edge port

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Checked/ unchecked Se ts a por t, which no BPDU expectedly goes through, as an

edge port

unchecked, except
AP port

NOTE

We recommend you

set an edge port for the port, which is connected to a non-STP/RSTP sub-network or a

n

end

device (PLC, RTU, etc.) as opposed to network equipment. This can prevent unnecessary waiting and

negotiation

of STP/RSTP protocol, and accelerate system initialization. When an edge port receives

BPDUs, it

can still

function as an STP/RSTP port and start negoti ation.

Setting an edge port is different from disabling STP/RSTP on a port. If you disable STP/RSTP, a port will not
deal with STP/RSTP BPDUs at all.

Port Status

Port Status indicates the current Spanning Tree status of this port. Use Forwarding for normal transmission,
or Blocking to block transmission.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-28

SNMP Agent

The AWK-3131 supports SNMP V1/V2c/V3. SNMP V1 and SNMP V2c use a community string match for
authentication, which means that SNMP servers acce s s all obj e c ts with rea d-only or read/write permissions
using the community string public/private (d ef ault value). SNMP V3, which requires you to select an
authentication level of MD5 or SHA, is the most secure protoco l. You c an also enable data encryption to
enhance data security.

The AWK-3131’s MIB can be found in the software CD and supports reading the attributes via SNMP. (Only get
method is supported.)

SNMP security modes and security levels supported by the AWK-3131 are shown in the following table. Select
the security mode and level that will be used to communicate betwee n the SNMP age nt and manag er .

Protocol
Version

Setting on
UI web page

Authenticatio
n Type

Data
Encryption

Method

SNMP
V1, V2c

V1, V2c
Read

Community

Community
string

No Use a community string match for authentication

V1, V2c
Write/Read
Community

Community
string

No Use a community string match for authentication

SNMP V3 No-Auth No No Use account with admin or user to access objects

MD5 or SHA Authenticatio

n based on
MD5 or SHA

No Provides authentication based on HMAC-MD5, or

HMAC-SHA algorithms. 8-character passwords are the
minimum requirement for authentication.

MD5 or SHA Authenticatio

n based on
MD5 or SHA

Data
encryption
key

Provides authentication based on HMAC-MD5 or
HMAC-SHA algorithms, and data encryptio n key.
8-character passwords and a

data encryption key are

the minimum requirements for authenticati o n and
encryption.

The following parameters can be configured on the SNMP Agent page. A more detailed explanation of each
parameter is given below the following figure.

Enable

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Enable Enables S N MP Agent Disable
Disable Disables SNMP Agent

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-29

Remote Management

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Enable Allow remote management via SNMP agent Disable
Disable Disallow remote management via SNMP agent

Read community (for V1, V2c)

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

V1, V2c Read
Community

Use a community string match with a maximum of 31
characters for authentication. This means that the SNMP

agent

can access all objects with read-only permissions using this

community string.

public

Write community (for V1, V2c)

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

V1, V2c Read /Write
Community

Use a community string match with a maximum of 31
characters for authentication. This means that the SNMP

agent

can accesses all objects with rea d/write permissions using this
community string.

private

SNMP agent version

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

V1, V2c, V3, or
V1, V2c, or

V3 only

Select the SNMP protocol version used to manage the switch. V1, V2c

Admin auth type (for V1, V2c, V3, and V3 only)

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

No Auth Use admin account to access objects. No authentication No Auth
MD5 Provide authentication based on the HMAC-MD5 algo rithms.

8-character passwords are the minimum requireme nt for
authentication.

SHA Prov ide s authentic ation based on

HMAC-SHA algorithms. 8-character passwords are the
minimum requirement for authentication.

Admin private key (for V1, V2c, V3, and V3 only)

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Disable No data encryption Disable
DES DES-based data encryption
AES AES-based data encryption

Private key

A data encryption key is the minimum requirement for data encryption (maximum of 63 characters)

Private MIB Information Device Object ID

Also know as OID. This is the AWK-3131’s enterprise value. It is fixed.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-30

Link Fault Pass-Through (for Client/Slave mode only)

This function means if Ethernet port is link down, wirele s s connec tion will be forced to disconnect. Once
Ethernet link is recovered, AWK will try to connect to AP.

If wireless is disconnected, AWK restarts auto-negotiation on Ethernet port but always stays in the link failure
state. Once the wireless connection is recovere d , AWK will try to recov e r the Ether ne t link.

System log will indicate the link fault pass through eve nts in addi tio n to the orig inal li nk up/d o wn events.

Link Fault Pass-Through

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Enable Enables Link Fault Pass-Through Disable
Disable Disables Link Fault Pass-Through

Auto Warning Settings

Since industrial-grade devices are often loca te d at the endpoints of a system , these devices will no t alw a ys
know what is happening elsewhere on the network. This means that thes e device s , inc l ud ing w irele s s APs or
clients, must provide system maintainers w ith re al-time ala r m mess age s . Even when system adminis tr a to rs
are out of the control room for an extended period, they can still be info rme d of the s tatus of devic e s almo s t
instantaneously when exceptions occur.

In addition to logging these events, the AWK-3131 supports different approaches to warn engineers
automatically, such as SNMP trap, e-mail, and relay outp ut. It a lso suppo rts two digital inputs to integrate
sensors into your system to automate alarms by email and relay outp ut.

System Log

System Log Event Types

Detail information for grouped events is shown in the following table. You can check the box for Enable log to
enable the grouped events. All default values are enabled (checked). The log for system events can be seen in

Status

 System Log.

NOTE

RSSI report events (Only for Client mode)

is good for site survey stage and need to use sp

ecial Utility to

draw RSSI as a table. But this function would make extra traffic load, we recommend

disable

this function in

normal using.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-31

System-related events Event is triggered wh en…

System restart (warm start) The AWK-3131 is rebooted, such as when its settings are changed

(IP address, subnet mask, etc.).

Network-related events Event is triggered when…

LAN link on

The LAN port is connected to a device or network.

LAN link off The port is disconnected (e.g., the cable is pulled out, or the

opposing device shuts down).
Client joined/ left
(for AP/Master mode)

A wireless client is associated or disassociated.

WLAN connected to AP
(for Client/Slave mode)

The AWK-3131 is associated with an AP.

WLAN disconnected
(for Client/Slave mode)

The AWK-3131 is disassociated from an AP.

Config-related events Event is triggered when…

Configuration Changed

A configuration item has been changed.

Configuration file import via Web Console The configuration file is imported to the AWK-3131.
Console authentication failure A n inc or rect password is entered.
Firmware upgraded The AWK-3131’s firmware is updated .

Power events Event is triggered when…

Power 1/2 transition (On -> Off) The AWK-3131 is powered down in PWR1/2.
PoE transition (On -> Off) The AWK-3131 is powered down in PoE.
Power 1/2 transition (Off -> On) The AWK-3131 is powered via PWR1/2.
PoE transition (Off -> On) The AWK-3131 is powered via PoE.

DI events Event is triggered when…

DI1/2 transition (On -> Off)

Digital Input 1/2 is triggered by on to off transition

DI1/2 transition (Off -> On) Digital Input 1/2 is triggered by off to on transition

Syslog

This function provides the event logs for the Syslog server. The function supports up to three configurable
Syslog servers and Syslog server UDP port numbers. When an event occurs, the event will be sent as a Syslog
UDP packet to the specified Syslog servers.

Syslog Event Types

Detail information for the grouped events is shown in the following table. You can check the box for Enable log
to enable the grouped events. All default values are enabled (checked). Details for each event group can be
found on the “System log Event Types” table on page 3-31.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-32

Syslog Server Settings

You can configure the parameters for your Syslog servers in this page .

Syslog server 1/ 2/ 3

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

IP addr ess Enter the IP address of the 1st/ 2nd/ 3rd Syslog Server None

Syslog port

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Port destination
(1 to 65535)

Enter the UDP port of the corresponding Syslog server 514

E-mail

E-mail Event Types

Check the box for Active to enable the event items. All default values are deactivated (unchecked). Details for
each event item can be found on the “System log Event Types” table on page 3-31.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-33

E-mail Server Settings

You can set up to 4 e-mail addresses to receive alarm emails from the AWK-3131. The following parameters
can be configured on the E-mail Server Settings page. In addition, a Send Test Mail button can be used to
test whether the Mail server and e-mail addresses work well. More detailed explanations about these
parameters are given after the following figure .

Mail server (SMTP)

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

IP addr ess The IP Address of your email server. None

User name & Password

Setting

Description

Factory Defaul t

User name and password used in the SMTP server None

From e-mail address

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Max. 63 characters Enter the administrator’s e-mail address which will be shown in

the “From” field of a warning e-mail.

None

To E-mail address 1/ 2/ 3/ 4

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Max. 63 characters Enter the receivers’ e-mail addresses. None

Relay

The AWK-3131 has one relay output, which consists of 2 terminal block contacts on the AWK-3131’s top panel.
These relay contacts are used to indicate user-configured events and sys te m failure.

The two wires attached to the relay contacts form an open circuit when a user-configured event is triggered. If
a user-configured event does not occur, the relay circuit will remain closed. For safety reasons, the relay circuit
is kept open when the AWK-3131 is not powered.

Relay Event Types

You can check the box for Active to enable the eve nt ite m s . All def ault value s are deactivated (unchecked).
Details for each event item can be found in the “System log Event Types” table on page 3-31.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-34

Trap

Traps can be used to signal abnormal conditions (notifications) to a management station. This trap-driven
notification can make your network more efficient.

Because a management station usually takes care of a large number of dev ic es that have a large number of
objects, it will be overloading for the manage ment stati o n to poll or send requests to query every object on
every device. It would be better if the managed device agent could notify the management station by sending
a message known as a trap for the event.

Trap Event Types

SNMP Trap Receiver Settings

SNMP traps are defined in SMIv1 MIBs (SNMPv1) and S MIv2 MIB s (SN MPv2 c ). The two style s are bas ic all y
equivalent, and it is possible to convert between the two. You can set the parameters for SNMP trap receivers
through the web page.

1st / 2nd Trap version

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

V1

SNMP trap defined in SNMPv1

V1

V2 SNMP trap defined in SNMPv2

1st / 2nd Trap server IP/name

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

IP address or host

name

Enter the IP address or name of the trap server used by your

network.

None

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-35

1st / 2nd Trap community

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Max. of 31 characters Use a community string match with a maximum of 31

characters for authentication.

alert

Status

Wireless Status

The status for 802.11 info parameters, such as Operation mode and Channel, are shown on the Wireless
Status page. The status will refresh every 5 second s if the Auto refresh box is che cked.

Certain values for 802.11 info may not show up due to different operation modes. As a result, Current BSSID
and Signal strength are not available in AP mode.

It is helpful to use the continuously updated information on this page, such as Signal strength, to monitor the
signal strength of the AWK-3131 in Client mode.

Associated Client List (for AP/Master mode only)

Associated Client List shows all the clients that are currently associated to a particular AWK-3131. You can click
Select all to select all the content in the list for further editing. You can click Refresh to refresh the list.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-36

DHCP Client List (for AP mode only)

The DHCP Client List shows all the clients that require and have successfully received IP assignments. You can
click the Refresh button to refresh the lis t.

You can press Select all button to select all content in the list for further editing.

System Log

Triggered events are recorded in System Log. You can export the log contents to an available viewer by clicking
Export Log. You can use the Clear Log button to clear the log contents and the Refresh button to refresh the
log.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-37

Relay Status

The status of user-configurable events can be found under Relay Status. The status will refresh every 5
seconds if the Auto refresh box is checked.

If an event is triggered, it will be noted on this list. System administrators can click Acknowledge Event when
he has acknowledged the event and addressed it.

DI and Power Status

The status of power inputs and digital inputs is shown on this web page. The status will refresh every 5 seconds
if the Auto refresh box is checked.

RSTP Status

The following figures indicate the status which Spanning Tree Protocol parameters have been configured .

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-38

Maintenance

Maintenance functions provide the administr ato r with tools to manage the AWK-3131 and wired/wireless
networks.

Console Settings

You can enable or disable access permission for the following consoles: HTTP, HTTPS, Telnet and SSH
connections. For more security, we recommend you only allow a ccess t o the two se cured console s, HTTPS and
SSH.

Ping

Ping helps to diagnose the integrity of wired or wireless networks. By inputting a node’s IP address in the
Destination field, you can use the ping command to make sure it exists and whether or not the access path

is available.

If the node and access path are available, you will see that all packe ts were successfully transmitted with no
loss. Otherwise, some, or even all, packets may get lost, as shown in the following figure.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-39

Firmware Upgrade

The AWK-3131 can be enhanced with more value-added functions by installing firmware upgrades. The latest
firmware is available at Moxa’s download center.

Before running a firmw are upgr ade, make sure the AWK-3131 is off-line. Click the Browse button to specify
the firmware image file and click Firmware Upgrade and Restart to start the firmware upgrade. After the
progress bar reaches 100%, the AWK-3131 will reboot itself.

When upgrading your firmware, the AWK-3131’s other functions are forbidden.

ATTENTION

Please make sure the powe r source is stable when you

upgrade your

firmware. An unexpected power breakup

may damage your AWK

-3131.

Config Import Export

First way you can back up or restore the AWK-3131’s configuration with Config Import Export.
In the Config Import section, click Browse to specify the configuration file and click Config Import button

to begin importing the configuration.

In the Config Export section, click the Config Export button and save the configuration file onto your local
storage media. The configuration file is a text file and you can view and edit it with a general text-editing tool.

You can also back up or restore the ABC-01 configuration with Config Import Export.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-40

To download the configuration to the AWK:

1. Turn off the AWK.

2. Plug in the ABC-01 to the AWK’s RS-232 console.

3. Turn on AWK.

4. AWK will detect ABC-01 during boo tup , and dow nl o ad the config uration from the ABC-01 to the AWK
automatically. Once the configuratio n do w nloads and if configuration format is correct, the AWK will emit
three short beeps, then continue the boot up.

5. Once the AWK has booted up successfully, it will emit the normal two beeps, and the ready LED will turn to
solid green.

Load Factory Default

Use this function to reset the AWK-3131 and roll all settings back to the factory default values. You can also
reset the hardware by pressing the reset button on the top panel of the AWK-3131.

Password

You can change the administration password for eac h of the AWK-3131’s console managers by using the
Password function. Before you set up a new password, you must input the current password and reenter the
new password for confirmation. For your security, do not use the default password root, and remember to
change the administration password regularly.

Misc. Settings

Additional settings to help you manage your AWK-3131, are available on this page.

Reset button

Setting Description Facto r y De f a ult

Always enable The AWK-3131’s Reset button works norm ally. Always enable
Disable after 60 sec The AWK-3131’s reset to default function will be inactive 60

seconds after the AWK-3131 finishes booting up.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-41

Save Configuration

The following figure shows how the AWK-3131 stores the setting changes into volatile and non-volatile memory.
All data stored in volatile memory will disappear when the AWK-3131 is shutdown or rebooted unless they are
y. Because the AWK-3131 starts up and initializes with the settings stor ed in flas h memor y , al l new change s
must be saved to flash memory before restarting the AWK-3131.

This also means the new changes will not work unless you run either the Save Configuratio n function or the
Restart function.

After you click on Save Configuration in the left menu box, the following screen will appear. Click Save if you
wish to update the configuration settings in the flash memory at this time. Alternatively, you may choose to run
other functions and put off saving the configuration until later. However, the new setting changes will remain
in the non-volatile memory until you save the conf ig urations.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Web Console Configu ration

3-42

Restart

If you submitted configuratio n changes, yo u will find a blinking string in the upper right corner of the screen.
After making all your changes, click the Restart function in the left menu box. One of two different screens will
appear.

If you made changes recently but did not save, you will be given two options. Clicking the Restart button here
will reboot the AWK-3131 directly, and all setting c ha ng es will be ig nor ed. Clicking the Save and Restart
button will apply all setting changes and then reboo t the AWK-3131.

If you run the Restart function without changing any configurations or saving all your changes, you will see
just one Restart button on your screen.

You will not be able to run any of the AWK-3131’s functions while the system is rebooting.

Logout

Logout helps users disconnect the current HTTP or HTTPS session and go to the Login page. For security

reasons, we recommend you logout before quitting the console m anage r.

4

4. Software Installation and Configuration

The following topics are covered in this chapter :



Overview



AWK Search Utility

 Installing AWK Search Utility
 Configuring AWK Search Utility

AirWorks AWK-3131 Software Install a t ion and Configuration

4-2

Overview

The Documentation & Software CD included with your AWK-3131 is designed to make the installation and
configuration procedure easy and straightforward. This auto-run CD includes AWK Search Utility (to broadcast
search for all AWK’s accessible over the network), the AWK-3131 User’s Manual, and Quick Installation Guide.

AWK Search Utility

Installing AWK Search Utility

Click the INSTALL UTILITY button in the AWK Installation CD auto-run window to install AWK Search Utility.
Once the program starts running, click Yes to pr oc eed.

1. Click Next when the Welcome screen opens to proceed with the installation.

2. Click Next to install program files to the default directory, or click Browse to select an alternate location.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Software Install a t ion and Configuration

4-3

3. Click Next to create the program’s shortcut files to the default direc tor y, or click Browse to select an
alternate location.

4. Click Next to select additional tasks.

5. Click Next to p roceed with the installation. The installer then displays a summary of the installation options.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Software Install a t ion and Configuration

4-4

6. Click Install to begin the installation. The setup window will report the progress of the installation. To
change the installation settings, click Back and navigate to the previous screen.

7. Click Finish to complete the installatio n o f AWK Search Utility.

Configuring AWK Search Utility

The Broadcast Search function is used to locate all AWK-3131 APs that are connected to the same LAN as your
computer. After locating an AWK-3131, you will be able to change its IP address. Since the Broadcast Search
function searches by TCP packet and not IP address, it doesn’t matter if the AWK-3131 is configured as an AP
or Client. In either case, APs and Clients connected to the LAN will be located, regardless of whether or not they
are part of the same subnet as the host.

1. Start the AWK Search Utility program. When the Login page appears, select the “Search AWK only”
option to search for AWKs and to view each AWK’s configuration. Select the “AWK management” option to
assign IPs, upgrade firmware, and locate devices.

2. Open the AWK Search Utility and then clic k the Search icon.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Software Install a t ion and Configuration

4-5

3. The “Searching” window indicates the progress of the search. When the search is complete, all AWKs that
were located will be displayed in the AWK Search Utility windo w .

4. Click Locate to cause the selected device to beep.

5. Make sure your AWK is unlocked before using the search utility’s icons setting . The AWK will unloc k
automatically if the password is set to the default. Otherwise you must enter the new password manually.

6. Go to Tools  AWK login Options to manage and unlock additional AWKs.

7. Use the scroll down list to select the MAC addresses of those AWKs you would like to manage, and then click
Add. Key in the password for the AWK device and then click OK to save. If you return to the search page
and search for the AWK again, you will find that the AWK will unlock auto ma tic ally.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Software Install a t ion and Configuration

4-6

ATTENTION

For security purposes, we suggest you can change the AWK search utility login password instead of using the
default.

To modify the configuration of the highlighted AWK, cli ck on the Web icon to ope n the web conso le . This wil l
take you to the web console, where you can make all configuration changes. Refer to Chapter 3, “Using the Web
Console,” for information on how to use the web console.

Click on Telnet if you would like to use telne t to conf i g ure your AWKs.

Click Assign IP to chang e the IP setting.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Software Install a t ion and Configuration

4-7

The three advanced options—Search, Connection, and Miscellaneous—are explained below:

Search

• Retry count (default=5): Indicates how many times the search will be retr ie d auto ma tically .

• Retry interval (ms): The time lapsed between retries.

Connection

• Connectio n ti me ou t (se cs) : Use this option to set the waiting time for the Default Login, Locate,
Assign IP, Upload Firmw are , and Unlock to complete.

• Upgrade timeout (sec s): Use this option to set the waiting time for the connection to disconnect while the
firmware is upgrading . Use this optio n to set the waiting tim e fo r the Firmw are to write to flas h.

Misc.

Search on start: Checkmark this box if you would like the search function to start searching for devices after

you log in to the AWK search Utility.

5

5. Other Console Considerations

This chapter explains how to access the AWK-3131 for the first time. In addition to HTTP access, there are four
ways to access AWK-3131: serial console, Telnet console, SSH console, and HTTPS console. The serial console
connection method, which requires using a short serial cable to connect the AWK-3131 to a PC’s COM port, can
be used if you do not know the AWK-3131’s IP address. The other consoles can be used to access the
AWK-3131 over an Ethernet LAN, or over the Internet.

The following topics are covered in this chapter :



RS-232 Console Configuration (115200, None, 8, 1, VT100)



Configuration by Telnet and SSH Consoles



Configuration by Web Browser with HTTPS/SSL



Disabling Telnet and Browser Access

AirWorks AWK-3131 Other Console Considerations

5-2

RS-232 Console Configuration (11 5200, None, 8,
1, VT100)

The serial console connection method, which requires using a short serial cable to connect the AWK-3131 to a
PC’s COM port, can be used if you d o not know the AWK-3131’s IP address. It is also convenient to use serial
console configurations when you cannot access the AWK-3131 over Ethernet LAN, such as in the case of LAN
cable disconnections or bro adcast storming over the LAN.

ATTENTION

Do not use the

RS-232 console manager when the AWK-3131 is powered at reversed voltage (ex. -48VDC)

,

even

though reverse voltage protection is supported.

If you need to connect the RS

-232 console at reversed volta ge, Moxa’s TCC-82 isolator is

your best solution.

NOTE

We recommend using

Moxa PComm (Lite) Terminal Emulator, which c an be downl o ade d fre e of char ge

from Moxa

’s website.

Before running PComm Terminal Emulato r, use an RJ45 to DB9-F (or RJ45 to DB25-F) cable to connect the
AWK-3131’s RS-232 console port to your PC’s COM port (generally COM1 or COM2, depending on how your
system is set up). After installing PComm Terminal Em ulator , take the following steps to access the RS-232
console utility.

1. From the Windows desktop, open the Star t menu and star t PComm Terminal Emulator in the PComm
(Lite) group.

2. Select Open under Port Manager to ope n a new connecti o n.

3. The Communicatio n Param eter page of the Property window opens. Select the appropriate COM port for
Console Connection, 115200 for Baud Rate, 8 for Data Bits, None for Parity, and 1 for Stop Bits. Click on
the Terminal tab, and select VT100 (or ANSI) fo r Term inal Type. Click on OK to continue.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Other Console Considerations

5-3

4. The Console login screen will appear. Log into the RS-232 console with the login name (default: admin)
and password (default: root, if no new password is set).

5. The AWK-3131’s device info rmation and Main Menu will be displayed. Please follow the desc ription on
screen and select the administration option you wish to perform.

NOTE

To modify the appearance of the PComm

Terminal Emulator window, select Edit  Font

and then choose the

desired formatting options.

ATTENTION

If you unplug the RS

-232 cable or trigger DTR, a disconnection event will be evoked to enforce logout for

network sec

urity. You will need to log in again to resume operation.

Configuration by Telnet and SSH Consoles

You may use Telnet or SSH client to access the AWK-3131 and manage the console over a n etwork. To a ccess
the AWK-3131’s functions over the network from a PC host that is connected to the same LAN as the AWK-3131,
you need to make sure that the PC host and the AWK-3131 are on the same logical subnet. To do this, check
your PC host’s IP address and subnet mask.

NOTE

The

AWK-3131’s default IP address is 192.168.127.253 and the default subnet mask is 255.255.255.0

(for
a Class C network). If you do not set these values properly, please check the network settings of your PC host
a

nd then change the IP address to 192.168.127.xxx and subnet mask to 255.255.255.0.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Other Console Considerations

5-4

Follow the steps below to access the console utility via Telnet or SSH client.

1. From Windows Desktop, run Start  Run, and then use Telnet to access the AWK-3131’s IP address from
the Windows Run window (you may also issue the telnet command from the MS-DOS prompt).

2. When using SSH client (ex . PuTTY), ple as e run the client pr og ram (ex. putty.exe) and then input the
AWK-3131’s IP address, specifying 22 for the SSH connection port.

3. The Console login screen will appear. Please refer to the previous paragraph “RS-232 Console Configuration”
and for login and administration.

Configuration by Web Browser with HTTPS/SSL

To secure your HTTP access, the AWK-3131 supports HTTPS/SSL encryption for all HTTP traffic. Perform the
following steps to access the AWK-3131’s web browser interface via HTTPS/SSL.

1. Open your web browser and type https://<AWK-3131’s IP address> in the address field. Press Enter to
establish the connection.

2. Warning messages will pop o ut to warn users that the security certific ate was iss ue d by a company they
have not chosen to trust.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Other Console Considerations

5-5

3. Select Yes to accept the certificate issued by Moxa IW and then enter the AWK-3131’s web browser
interface secured via HTTPS/SSL. (You can see the protocol in URL is https.) Then you can use the menu
tree on the left side of the window to open the function pages to access each of AWK-3131’s func tions.

Disabling Telnet and Browser Access

If you are connecting the AWK-3131 to a public network but do no t inte nd to use its ma nagem e nt functions
over the network, then we suggest disabling both Telnet Conso le and Web Configuration. Please run
Maintenance  Console Settings to disable them, as shown in the follo w ing f igur e .

A

A. References

This chapter provides more detailed informatio n abo ut w ire less -r e lated te c hno log ie s . The information in this
chapter can help you administer your AWK-3131s and plan your industrial wireless ne twork b e tter.

The following topics are covered in this appendix :



Beacon



DTIM



Fragment



RTS Threshold



STP and RSTP

 The S T P/R STP Concept
 Differences between RSTP and STP

AirWorks AWK-3131 References

A-2

Beacon

A beacon is a packet broadcast by the AP to keep the network synchronized. A beacon includes the wireless LAN
service area, the AP address, the Broadcast destination address, a time stamp, Delivery Traffic Indicator Maps
(DTIM), and the Traffic Indicator Messa ge (TI M). Beacon Interval indicates the frequency interval of AP.

DTIM

Delivery Traffic Indication Map (DTIM) is contained in beacon frames. It is used to indicate that broadcast and
multicast frames buffered by the AP will be delivered shortly. Lower settings result in more efficient networking,
while preventing your PC from dropping into power-saving sleep mode. Higher settings allow your PC to enter
sleep mode, thus saving power.

Fragment

A lower setting means smaller packe ts , which w il l cre ate mor e packe ts for each trans mis s ion. If yo u have
decreased this value and experience high packet error rates, you can increase it again, but it will likely decrease
overall network performance. Only minor modifica tio ns of this value are recommended.

RTS Threshold

RTS Threshold (256-2346) – This setting determines how large a packet can be before the Access Point
coordinates transmission and receptio n to ens ure eff ic ie nt com munic a tio n. T his v al ue should remain at its
default setting of 2,346. When you encounter inconsistent data flow, only minor modif ic ations are
recommended.

STP and RSTP

The STP/RSTP Conce pt

Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) was designed to help reduce link failures in a network, and provide protection

from loops. Networks that have a complicated archite c ture are prone to broadcast storms caused by
unintended loops in the network. The STP protocol is part of the IE EE80 2.1D standard, 1998 Edition bridge
specification.

Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) implements the Spa nning Tr ee Algor ithm and Pr o tocol defined by
IEEE802.1w-2001 standard. RSTP provides the following benefits:

• The topology of a bridged network will be determined much more quickly compared to STP.

• RSTP is backward compatible with STP, making it relatively easy to deploy . For examp l e :

 Defaults to sending 802.1D-style BPDUs if packets with this for mat are received.
 STP (802.1D) and RSTP (802.1w) can operate on the LAN ports and WLAN ports (AP and WDS1-WDS8)

of the same AWK-3131.

This feature is particularly helpful when the AWK-3131 connects to older equipment, such as legacy switches.

AirWorks AWK-3131 References

A-3

Differences between RSTP and STP

RSTP is similar to STP, but includes additional information in the BPDUs that allow each bridge to confirm that
it has taken action to prevent loops from forming when it decide s to enable a link to a neighboring bridge.
Adjacent bridges connected via point-to-point links will be able to enable a link without waiting to ensure that
all other bridges in the network have had time to react to the change . The main benefit of RSTP is that the
configuration decision is made locally r athe r than network-wide, allowing RSTP to carry out automatic
configuration and restore a link faster than STP.

B

B. Supporting Information

This chapter presents additional information about this product. You can also learn how to contact Moxa for
technical support.

The following topics are covered in this appendix :



Firmware Recovery



DoC (Declaration of Conformity)

 Federal Communication Commission Interference Statement
 R&TTE Compliance Statement

AirWorks AWK-3131 Supporting Info rma t ion

B-2

Firmware Recovery

When the LEDs of FAULT, Signal Strength and WLAN all light up simultaneously and b link at one-second
interval, it means the system booting has failed . It may result fr om som e wro ng opera tion o r uncontrollable
issues, such as an unexpected shutdown during firmware upda te . The AWK-3131 is designed to help
administrators recover such damage and resume syste m operation rapidly. You can refer to the following
instructions to recover the firmware :

Connect to the AWK-3131’s ES-232 console with 115200bps and N-8-1. You will see the following message
shown on the terminal emulator every one second.

Press Ctrl - C and the following message will appear.

Enter 2 to change the network setting. Specify where the AWK-3131 ’ s firmw are f ile on the TF TP server and
press y to write the settings into flash memory.

AWK-3131 restarts, and the “Press Ctrl-C to enter Firmware Recovery Process… ” message will reappear. P ress
Ctrl-C to enter the menu and select 1 to start the firmware upgrade process .

AirWorks AWK-3131 Supporting Info rma t ion

B-3

Select 0 in the sub-menu to load the firmware image via LAN, and then enter the file name of the firmware to
start the firmware recovery.

DoC (Declaration of Conformity)

Federal Communication Commission Interference Statement

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part
15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in
a residential installation. This equip m e nt gener ate s , uses and can r adiate r adio fre quency energy and, if not
installed and used in accordance with the instruc tions, may cause harmful interference to radio
communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If
this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or telev is ion reception, which can be determined by
turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interf e re nc e by one of the
following measures:

• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.

• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiv er is connected.

• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
FCC Caution: To assure continued compliance, (example – use only shielded interface cables when connecting

to computer or peripheral devices). Any chang es or modifications not expressly approved by the party
responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate this equipment. This transmitter must not
be co-located or operated in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.

FCC Radiation Exposure Statement

This equipment complies with FCC radiation expos ure lim its set forth for an uncontrolled environment. This
equipment should be installed and operated with a mini mum distance of 20 cm between the radiator & your
body.

This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This
device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device mus t accept any interference received,
including interference that may cause undesired operation.

FCC 15.407(e): Within the 5.15-5.25 GHz band, U-NII devices will be restricted to indoor operations to reduce
any potential for harmful interference to co-channel MSS operations.

AirWorks AWK-3131 Supporting Info rma t ion

B-4

R&TTE Compliance Statement

Moxa declares that the apparatus AWK-3131 co mplie s with the e s sential requirements and other relevant
provisions of Directive 1999/5/EC.

This equipment complies with all the requirements of DIRECTIVE 1999/5/CE OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT
AND THE COUNCIL OF 9 March 1999 on radio equipment and telecommunication terminal equipment and the
mutual recognition of their conformity (R& TTE).

The R&TTE Directive repeals and replaces in the direc tive 98/13/EEC (Telecommunications Terminal
Equipment and Satellite Earth Station Equipment) as of April 8, 2000.

Safety

This equipment is designed with the utmost care for the safety of those who install and use it. However, special
attention must be paid to the dangers of electric shock and static ele c tricity when working with electrical
equipment. All guidelines of this and of the computer manuf ac turer must therefore be allowed at all times to
ensure the safe use of the equipment.

EU Countries Intended for Use

The ETSI version of this device is intended for home and office use in Austria, Be lg i um, Denmar k , Finland,
France (with Frequency channel restrictions), Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Portugal, Spain,
Sweden, The Netherlands, and United Kingdom.

The ETSI version of this device is also authorized for use in EFTA member states Norway and Switzerland.

EU Countrie s Not Intended for Use

None.

Potential Restrictive Use

France: only channels 10, 11, 12, and 13.