Moxa AWK-4131A User Manual

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AirWorks AWK-4131A User’s Manual

Version 8.0, May 2019

www.moxa.com/product

AirWorks AWK-4131A User’s Manual

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The software described in this manual is furnished under a license agreement and may be used only in accordance with

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Trademarks

The MOXA logo is a registered trademark of Moxa Inc.

All other trademarks or registered marks in this manual belong to their respective manufacturers.

Disclaimer

Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of

Moxa.

Moxa provides this document as is, without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including, but not limited

to, its particular purpose. Moxa reserves the right to make improvements and/or changes to this manual, or to the

products and/or the programs described in this manual, at any time.

Information provided in this manual is intended to be accurate and reliable. However, Moxa assumes no responsibility for

its use, or for any infringements on the rights of third parties that may result from its use.

This product might include unintentional technical or typographical errors. Changes are periodically made to the

information herein to correct such errors, and these changes are incorporated into new editions of the publication.

Technical Support Contact Information

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Table of Contents

1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 1-1

Overview ........................................................................................................................................... 1-2

Package Checklist ............................................................................................................................... 1-2

Product Features ................................................................................................................................ 1-2

Functional Design ............................................................................................................................... 1-3

LED Indicators ............................................................................................................................ 1-3

Beeper ....................................................................................................................................... 1-4

Reset Button ............................................................................................................................... 1-4

Relay (Digital Output) .................................................................................................................. 1-5

2. Getting Started.................................................................................................................................. 2-1

First-time Installation and Configuration ................................................................................................ 2-2

Communication Testing ....................................................................................................................... 2-3

Function Guide ................................................................................................................................... 2-4

3. Web Console Configuration ............................................................................................................... 3-1

Configuration by Web Browser ............................................................................................................. 3-2

Overview ........................................................................................................................................... 3-4

Quick Setup ....................................................................................................................................... 3-6

General Setup .................................................................................................................................... 3-8

System Information ..................................................................................................................... 3-8

Interface On/Off .......................................................................................................................... 3-9

Network Settings ....................................................................................................................... 3-10

System Time ............................................................................................................................ 3-12

Wireless LAN Setup ........................................................................................................................... 3-13

AeroMag .................................................................................................................................. 3-14

Operation Mode......................................................................................................................... 3-19

Basic WLAN Setup ..................................................................................................................... 3-20

WLAN Security Settings.............................................................................................................. 3-23

Advanced WLAN Settings ........................................................................................................... 3-30

WLAN Certificate Settings (For EAP-TLS in Client/Slave Mode Only) ................................................. 3-34

Advanced Setup ............................................................................................................................... 3-35

Using Virtual LAN .............................................................................................................................. 3-35

The Virtual LAN (VLAN) Concept .................................................................................................. 3-35

Configuring Virtual LAN .............................................................................................................. 3-36

DHCP Server (For AP/Client-Router Mode Only) ............................................................................. 3-37

Packet Filters ............................................................................................................................ 3-39

RSTP Settings (Master/Slave Mode Only)...................................................................................... 3-42

Static Route (Client-Router Mode Only) ........................................................................................ 3-43

NAT Settings/Port Forwarding (For Client-Router Mode Only) .......................................................... 3-44

SNMP Agent.............................................................................................................................. 3-47

Link Fault Pass-through (Client/Slave Mode Only) .......................................................................... 3-49

Logs and Notifications ....................................................................................................................... 3-49

System Logs ............................................................................................................................. 3-49

Syslog ..................................................................................................................................... 3-51

E-mail Notifications.................................................................................................................... 3-52

Relay ....................................................................................................................................... 3-53

Trap ........................................................................................................................................ 3-53

Status ............................................................................................................................................. 3-55

Wireless LAN Status ................................................................................................................... 3-55

Associated Client List (for AP/Master Mode Only) ........................................................................... 3-55

DHCP Client List (For AP Mode Only) ............................................................................................ 3-56

System Logs ............................................................................................................................. 3-57

Relay Status ............................................................................................................................. 3-57

DI and Power Status .................................................................................................................. 3-58

AeroLink Protection Status (Client/Slave Mode Only) ..................................................................... 3-58

System Status .......................................................................................................................... 3-59

Network Status ......................................................................................................................... 3-59

Maintenance .................................................................................................................................... 3-60

Console Settings ....................................................................................................................... 3-60

Ping ......................................................................................................................................... 3-61

Firmware Upgrade ..................................................................................................................... 3-61

Configuration Import and Export ................................................................................................. 3-62

Load Factory Default .................................................................................................................. 3-63

Account Settings ....................................................................................................................... 3-63

Misc. Settings ........................................................................................................................... 3-64

Changing the Password .............................................................................................................. 3-65

Troubleshooting ........................................................................................................................ 3-65

Save Configuration ........................................................................................................................... 3-67

Restart ............................................................................................................................................ 3-68

Logout............................................................................................................................................. 3-68

4. Software Installation/Configuration ................................................................................................. 4-1

Overview ........................................................................................................................................... 4-2

Wireless Search Utility ......................................................................................................................... 4-2

Installing Wireless Search Utility ................................................................................................... 4-2

Configuring Wireless Search Utility ................................................................................................ 4-5

5. Other Console Configurations ............................................................................................................ 5-1

RS-232 Console Configuration (115200, None, 8, 1, VT100) .................................................................... 5-2

Configuration by Telnet and SSH Consoles ............................................................................................. 5-3

Configuration by Web Browser with HTTPS/SSL ...................................................................................... 5-4

Disabling Telnet and Browser Access ..................................................................................................... 5-5

A. References ........................................................................................................................................ A-1

AeroLink Protection ............................................................................................................................. A-2

Beacon .............................................................................................................................................. A-3

DTIM ................................................................................................................................................. A-3

Fragment ........................................................................................................................................... A-3

RTS Threshold .................................................................................................................................... A-3

STP and RSTP .................................................................................................................................... A-4

The STP/RSTP Concept ................................................................................................................ A-4

Differences between RSTP and STP ................................................................................................ A-4

B. Supporting Information .................................................................................................................... B-1

About This User’s Manual ..................................................................................................................... B-2

Firmware Recovery ............................................................................................................................. B-3

DoC (Declaration of Conformity) ........................................................................................................... B-4

Federal Communication Commission Interference Statement ............................................................ B-4

RED Compliance Statement.................................................................................................................. B-5



1. Introduction

The AWK-4131A industrial a/b/g/n high-speed wireless access point (AP) products are ideal wireless solutions

for hard-to-wire applications that use mobile equipment connected over a TCP/IP network. The AWK-4131A is

rated to operate at temperatures ranging from -40 to 75°C and is rugged enough for any harsh industrial

environment.

The following topics are covered in this chapter:

Overview

Package Checklist

Product Features

Functional Design

 LED Indicators

 Beeper

 Reset Button

 Relay (Digital Output)

AirWorks AWK-4131A Introduction

1-2

NOTE

The above items come with the

customized versions.

Overview

The AWK-4131A outdoor wireless access point is an ideal solution for industrial applications that are hard to

wire, too expensive to wire, or use mobile equipment that connect to a TCP/IP network. The AWK-4131A is

rated to operate at temperatures ranging from -40 to 75°C, and its dust-tight and weatherproof design is

IP68-rated. An IP68 rating means that the device is completely protected from the ingress of dust and is

protected against the effects of immersion in water at depths of 15 cm and 1 m. You can use the AWK-4131A

to set up a WLAN or extend existing wired networks to outdoor locations and still maintain a reliable connection.

The AWK-4131A has two redundant DC power inputs for increased reliability, can be powered via PoE, and is

easy to deploy.

Package Checklist

Moxa’s AWK-4131A is shipped with the following items. If any of these items is missing or damaged, please

contact your customer service representative for assistance.

• AWK-4131A wireless AP/bridge/client

• 2 2.4/5 GHz antennas: ANT-WDB-ANM-0306

• Wall mounting kit (includes 2 supports)

• Field-installable power plug

• Field-installable RJ45 plug (LAN)

• Metal cap to cover RJ45 connector (RS-232 Console)

• Metal cap to cover M12 female connector

• Transparent plastic sticks for field-installable plugs

• Quick installation guide (printed)

• Warranty card

Product Features

• IEEE802.11a/b/g/n compliant

• Advanced wireless security:

 64-bit and 128-bit WEP/WPA/WPA2 encryption

 SSID Hiding/IEEE 802.1X/RADIUS

 Packet access control and filtering

• STP/RSTP support for network system redundancy (master and slave mode only)

• Long-distance transmission support (5 GHz channel only)

• Turbo Roaming enables rapid handover (client mode only)

• ABC-01 for configuration import/export

• Selectable antenna output

• RS-232 console management

• 2DI + 1DO for on-site monitoring and warnings

• Wide -40 to 75°C operating temperature range (-T model)

• Redundant 12 to 48 VDC power inputs or IEEE 802.3af Power over Ethernet

• DIN-rail or wall mounting ability

• IP68-rated metal housing

• Waterproof RJ45 connectors and M12 connectors

AWK-4131A standard version. The package contents may vary in different

AirWorks AWK-4131A Introduction

1-3

NOTE

The latest specifications for Moxa’s products can be found at

ATTENTION

•

The AWK-4131A is NOT a portable mobile device and should be located at least 20 cm away from the

human body.

The AWK-4131A is NOT designed for the general public. A well-trained technician should be enlisted to

ensure safe deployment of these units, and to establish a wireless network.

Patent http://www.moxa.com/doc/operations/Moxa_Patent_Marking.pdf

Functional Design

LED Indicators

The LEDs on the front panel of AWK-4131A allow you to identity the status and wireless settings quickly.

The LED for FAULT indicates the system failure and user-configured events. If the AWK-4131A cannot retrieve

the IP address from a DHCP server, the FAULT LED will blink at an interval of one second.

https://www.moxa.com.

The following table is a summary for the wireless settings and LED displays. You can check the status of the

AWK-4131A by reading these LEDs. More information about “Basic Wireless Settings” is presented in Chapter

LED Color State Description

Front Panel LED Indicators (System)

PWR Green

FAULT Red

Green

STATE

Red On

Off Power is not being supplied

Blinking

(slow at 1-sec intervals)

Blinking

(fast at 0.5-sec intervals)

Off No error condition exist

Blinking (slow at

1-second intervals)

Blinking (fast at

0.5-second intervals)

Power is being supplied (from power input 1 or 2, or PoE)

Cannot get an IP address from the DHCP server

IP address conflict

System startup is complete and the system is in

operation

Device has been located by the Wireless Utility

AeroLink Protection is enabled and is currently in

“Backup” state

System is booting up

AirWorks AWK-4131A Introduction

1-4

Off

LAN port’s 1000 Mbps link is inactive

ATTENTION

When the LEDs for STATE (Green), FAULT, and WLAN all light up simultaneously and blink at one

intervals, it means the system failed to boot. This may be due to improper operation or issues such as an

unexpected shutdown during firmware update. To recover the firmware, refer to “Firmware Recovery” in

Chapter 6.

STEP

Remove the reset button cover.

STEP 2:

Using a pointed object, press and hold the reset

button.

LED Color State Description

On WLAN function is in Client/Client-Router/Slave mode

WLAN’s data communication is in

Client/Client-Router/Slave mode

WLAN

Green

Amber

Green

Blinking

Off WLAN is not in operation

On WLAN function is in AP/Master mode

Blinking WLAN’s data communication is in AP/Master mode

Off WLAN is not in operation

On LAN port’s 1000 Mbps link is active

Blinking Data is being transmitted at 1000 Mbps

LAN

Beeper

The beeper signals that the system is ready with two short beeps.

Reset Button

The RESET button is located on the bottom panel of the AWK-4131A. You can reboot the AWK-4131A or reset

it to factory default settings by pressing the RESET button with a pointed object such as an unfolded paper clip.

• System reboot: Hold the RESET button down for under 5 seconds and then release.

• Reset to factory default: Hold the RESET button down for over 5 seconds until the STATE LED starts

blinking green. Release the button to reset the AWK-4131A.

Amber

On LAN port’s 10/100 Mbps link is active

Blinking Data is being transmitted at 10/100 Mbps

Off LAN port’s 10/100 Mbps link is inactive

-second

AirWorks AWK-4131A Introduction

1-5

Relay (Digital Output)

The AWK-4131A has one relay output, which consists of the 2 contacts for the 8-pin M12 connector on the

bottom panel, as shown below. These relay contacts forward system failure and user-configured events.

The two wires attached to the relay contacts form an open circuit when a user-configured event is triggered. If

a user-configured event does not occur, the relay circuit will remain closed. For safety reason, the relay circuit

is kept open when the AWK-4131A is not powered.

The AWK-4131A’s relay status is summarized as follows:

Power Status Event Relay

Off – Open

Yes Open

No Short

Digital Inputs and Relay-out Pin Assignment (8-pin M12 connector)

PIN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Function DOUT_I DOUT_O DI0+ DI0- DI1+ DI1- reserved reserved



2. Getting Started

This chapter explains how to install Moxa’s AirWorks AWK-4131A for the first time, quickly set up your wireless

network, and test whether the connection is running well. With the function guide, you can easily locate the

functions you need.

The following topics are covered in this chapter:

First-time Installation and Configuration

Communication Testing

Function Guide

AirWorks AWK-4131A Getting Started

2-2

NOTE

After you select

will be

reset to factory default settings and the IP address will be also reset to

First-time Installation and Configuration

Before installing the AWK-4131A, make sure all items in the Package Checklist are in the box. In addition, you

will need access to a notebook computer or PC equipped with an Ethernet port. The AWK-4131A has a default

IP address that you must use when connecting to the device for the first time.

Step 1: Select the power source.

The AWK-4131A can be powered by DC power input or PoE (Power over Ethernet). The AWK-4131A will use

whichever power source you choose.

Step 2: Connect the AWK-4131A to a notebook or PC.

Since the AWK-4131A supports MDI/MDI-X auto-sensing, you can use either a straight-through cable or

crossover cable to connect the AWK-4131A to a computer. If the LED indicator on AWK-4131A’s LAN port lights

up, it means the connection is established.

Step 3: Set up the computer’s IP address.

Set an IP address on the same subnet as the AWK-4131A. Since the AWK-4131A’s default IP address is

192.168.127.253, and the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0, you should set the IP address of the computer to

192.168.127.xxx.

Step 4: Use the web-based manager to configure AWK-4131A

Open your computer’s web browser and type http://192.168.127.253 in the address field to access the

homepage of the web-based Network Manager. Before the homepage opens, you will need to enter the user

name and password as shown in the following figure. For first-time configuration, enter the default user name

and password and then click on the Login button:

Maintenance Load Factory Default and click the Submit button, the AWK-4131A

192.168.127.253.

AirWorks AWK-4131A Getting Started

2-3

NOTE

Default user name and password:

For security reasons, we strongly recommend changing the default password. To do so, select

Password

NOTE

Clicking

reminder will appear on the upper

To make the changes effective, click

nge the settings. It will

take about 30 seconds for the AWK

User Name: admin

Password: moxa (starting with firmware version 1.4)

root (up to firmware version 1.3)

Maintenance >

, and then follow the on-screen instructions to change the password.

Step 5: Select the operation mode for the AWK-4131A.

By default, the AWK-4131A’s operation mode is set to AP. If you would like to use the Client mode, you can

change the setting at Wireless LAN Setup --> WLAN --> Basic WLAN Setup. Detailed information about

configuring the AWK-4131A’s operation can be found in Chapter 3.

Step 6: Test the connection.

In the following sections, we describe two test methods that can be used to ensure that a network connection

has been established.

Submit will apply your changes and refresh the web page. The string “(Updated)” and a blinking

-right corner of web page as shown below:

Restart and then Save and Restart after you cha

-4131A to restart.

Communication Testing

After installation, you can run a sample test to make sure the AWK-4131A and wireless connection are

functioning normally. Two testing methods are explained in the following sections. Use the first method if you

are using only one AWK-4131A device, and use the second method if you are using two or more AWK-4131A

units.

Testing Method for one AWK-4131A

If you are only using one AWK-4131A, you will need a second notebook computer equipped with a WLAN card.

Configure the WLAN card to connect to the AWK-4131A (default SSID is MOXA), and change the IP address of

the second notebook B so that it is on the same subnet as the first notebook A, which is connected to the

AWK-4131A.

After configuring the WLAN card, establish a wireless connection with the AWK-4131A and open a DOS window

on notebook B. At the prompt, type

ping <IP address of notebook A>

and then press Enter (see the figure below). A “Reply from IP address …” response means the communication

was successful. A “Request timed out.” response means the communication failed. In this case, recheck the

configuration to make sure the connections are correct.

AirWorks AWK-4131A Getting Started

2-4

IP:192.168.127.253

IP: 192.168.127.252

SSID: Moxa

PING

Notebook B

IP: 192.168.127.1

Testing Method for two or more AWK-4131As

If you have two or more AWK-4131As, you will need a second notebook B equipped with an Ethernet port. Use

the default settings for the first AWK-4131A connected to notebook A and change the second or third

AWK-4131A connected to notebook B to Client mode. Then, configure the notebooks and AWK-4131As

properly.

AWK -4131A / Client

SSID: Moxa

Notebook A

IP: 192.168.127.2

AWK -4131A

IP: 192.168.127.253

AWK -4131A / AP

PING

Notebook B

IP: 192.168.127.1

After setting up the testing environment, open a DOS window on notebook B. At the prompt, type

ping <IP address of notebook A>

and then press Enter. A “Reply from IP address …” response means the communication was successful. A

“Request timed out” response means the communication failed. In this case, recheck the configuration to make

sure the connections are correct.

Function Guide

The management functions are categorized in a tree and shown in the left field of the web-based management

console. You can efficiently locate the function you need with the following guide.

Notebook A

IP: 192.168.127.2

AirWorks AWK-4131A Getting Started

2-5

Quick overview of the AWK-4131A’s status

General Setup for administering the AWK-4131A

Essential settings related to establishing a

wireless network

Advanced features to support additional network

management and secure wired and wireless

communication

NOTE: These advanced functions are all optional.

AirWorks AWK-4131A Getting Started

2-6

Application-oriented device management functions

to set up events, traps, and reactions via relay

warning, e-mail, and SNMP notification

NOTE: These functions are all optional.

Current status information for monitoring wired/wireless

network performance, advanced services, and device management functions.

Functions for maintaining the AWK-4131A, and for

diagnosing the network.

On-demand functions to support the web-based console

management operation.



3. Web Console Configuration

In this chapter, we will explain each web management page of the web-based console configuration. Moxa’s

easy-to-use management functions will help you set up your AWK-4131A, as well as establish and maintain

your wireless network easily.

The following topics are covered in this chapter:

Configuration by Web Browser

Overview

General Setup

 System Information

 Network Settings

 System Time

Wireless LAN Setup

 Operation Mode

 Basic WLAN Setup

 WLAN Security Settings

 Advanced WLAN Settings

AirWorks AWK-4131A Web Console Configuration

3-2

NOTE

To use the

’s management and monitoring functions from a PC host connected to the same LAN as

the

Similarly, if the

is configured for other VLAN settings, you must make sure your PC host is on the

management VLAN.

The Moxa



Configuration by Web Browser

Moxa AWK-4131A’s web browser interface provides a convenient way to modify its configuration and access

the built-in monitoring and network administration functions. The recommended web browser is Microsoft

Internet Explorer 7.0 or 8.0 with JVM (Java Virtual Machine) installed.

Follow the steps below to access the AWK-4131A’s web-based console management.

1. Open your web browser (ex. Internet Explorer) and type the AWK-4131A’s IP address in the address field.

2. The Web Console Login page will open. Enter the password (User Name is set as admin; the default

AWK-4131A

AWK-4131A, you must make sure that the PC host and AWK-4131A are on the same logical subnet.

AWK-4131A

AWK-4131A’s default IP address is 192.168.127.253.

Press Enter to establish the connection.

password is moxa if a new password has not been set.) and then click Login to continue.

You may need to wait a few moments for the web page to download onto your computer. Please note that the

model name and IP address of your AWK-4131A are both shown in the title of the web page. This information

can help you identify multiple AWK-4131A units.

If an incorrect username or password is entered, a warning message is displayed. The system will lock the user account based on the settings configured in the Maintenance

count is 5 times and the default lockout time is 600 seconds.

Account Settings page. The default retry

AirWorks AWK-4131A Web Console Configuration

3-3

Once an account is locked, the user will have to wait out the duration of the lockout period before retrying.

3. Use the Quick Setup function on the homepage to quickly set up the AWK or click on the Overview button

to see the basic device settings. The Import/Export function helps you back up the system or to perform

a system recovery from an existing backup.

AirWorks AWK-4131A Web Console Configuration

3-4

NOTE

The model name of the AWK

XX, where XX indicates the country code. The

country code indicates the AWK

as an

example in the following figures. (The country code and model name that appears on your computer screen

may be different than the one shown here.)

4. Click on the Home link to go back to the main page.

Use the menu tree on the left side of the browser to open the AWK-4131A functions.

In the following paragraphs, we describe each AWK-4131A management function in detail. A quick overview is

available in this manual in the “Function Map” section of Chapter 3.

Overview

The Overview page summarizes the AWK-4131A’s current status. The information is categorized into the

groups: System info, Device info, and 802.11 info.

-4131A is shown as AWK-4131A-

-4131A version and which frequencies it uses. We use AWK-4131A-US

AirWorks AWK-4131A Web Console Configuration

3-5

NOTE

The

BSSID

Click on SSID for more detailed 802.11 information, as shown in the following figure:

802.11 info that is displayed may be different for different operation modes. For example, Current

, Signal strength, and SNR are only available under Client/Client-Router/Slave operation modes.

AirWorks AWK-4131A Web Console Configuration

3-6

NOTE

You can move your cursor on the question mark symbol next to a field to view a tooltip that provides additional

details regarding the corresponding fiel

Quick Setup

The AWK-4131A provides a quick setup wizard to help you configure the basic settings including device

information and wireless settings.

Once you enter the setup, links to each step in the process are displayed at the top of the page. You can either

click Next to go to the next step or click directly on the links at the top of the page to go to a specific step.

In the Wi-Fi Settings step, you can either use Manual to configure the basic Wi-Fi settings manually or click

AeroMag to opt for AeroMag to automatically set up your Wi-Fi network.

For additional details on the AeroMag function, refer to the Wireless LAN Setup section.

AirWorks AWK-4131A Web Console Configuration

3-7

If you use the Manual option to configure basic Wi-Fi settings, use the channel survey provided in the Channel

Usage section to find out if a channel is clear or congested. This function can help you deploy a clear channel

without requiring the use of an additional channel analysis tool.

AirWorks AWK-4131A Web Console Configuration

3-8

Setting Description

Number of APs The number of APs which use this channel

Load A measure of how congested a channel is, in percentage value. Both 802.11 and

non-802.11 signals will affect the channel loading.

Noise floor A summation of the noise level from all sources

You can see a complete preview of the Wi-Fi parameters that you configured when you click on the final step

in the setup process (Review Settings).

General Setup

The Basic Settings group includes the most commonly used settings required by administrators to maintain and

control the AWK-4131A.

System Information

The System Info items, especially Device name and Device description, are displayed and included on the

Overview page, SNMP information, and alarm emails. Setting System Info items makes it easier to identify

the different AWK-4131As connected to your network.

AirWorks AWK-4131A Web Console Configuration

3-9

resolve problems, use this space to record contact information

Enter the login authentication failure message to display to the

Device name

Format Description Factory Default

Max. 31 Characters This option is useful for specifying the role or application of

different AWK-4131A units.

Device location

Format Description Factory Default

Max. 31 Characters This specifies the location of different AWK-4131A units. None

Device description

Format Description Factory Default

Max. 31 Characters Use this space to record more detailed description of

AWK-4131A.

Device contact information

Format Description Factory Default

Max. 31 Characters To provide information about whom to contact in order to

of the person responsible for maintaining this AWK-4131A.

Model name_<Last

3 bytes of the device

MAC>

None

Setting Description Factory Default

Max. of 31 characters Enter a message to display to all users when they log in Blank

Setting Description Factory Default

Max. of 31 characters

Interface On/Off

None

user who logs in with an invalid username or password

AirWorks AWK-4131A Web Console Configuration

3-10

automatically by

Setting

Description

Factory Default

The IP address of the DNS Server used by your network. After

browser’s address field instead of entering the IP address. The

Network Settings

The Network Settings configuration panel allows you to modify the usual TCP/IP network parameters.

However, due to the addition of the Client-Router operation mode, this panel provides two different sets of

network parameters. Explanations for both types of configuration are given below.

Network Settings for AP/Client/Master/Slave Operation Modes

IP address assignment

Setting Description Factory Default

DHCP The AWK-4131A’s IP address will be assigned

the network’s DHCP server.

Static Set up the AWK-4131A’s IP address manually.

IP address

Setting Description Factory Default

AWK-4131A’s IP

address

Subnet mask

AWK-4131A’s subnet

mask

Gateway

Setting Description Factory Default

AWK-4131A’s default

gateway

Identifies the AWK-4131A on a TCP/IP network. 192.168.127.253

Identifies the type of network to which the AWK-4131A is

connected (e.g., 255.255.0.0 for a Class B network, or

255.255.255.0 for a Class C network).

The IP address of the router that connects the LAN to an

outside network.

Static

255.255.255.0

None

Primary/ Secondary DNS server

Setting Description Factory Default

IP address of the

Primary/Secondary

DNS server

entering the DNS Server’s IP address, you can input the

AWK-4131A’s URL (e.g., http://ap11.abc.com) in your

Secondary DNS server will be used if the Primary DNS server

fails to connect.

None

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3-11

WLAN interface’s IP address manually.

’s WLAN

interface is connected (e.g., 255.255.0.0 for a Class B network,

The IP address of the DNS Server used by your network. After

browser’s address field instead of entering the IP address. The

Network Settings for Client-Router Operation Mode

WLAN IP address assignment

Setting Description Factory Default

DHCP The AWK-4131A WLAN interface’s IP address will be assigned

automatically by the network’s DHCP server.

Static Set up the AWK-4131A

WLAN IP address

Setting Description Factory Default

AWK-4131A WLAN

interface’s IP address

WLAN subnet mask

Setting Description Factory Default

AWK-4131A WLAN

interface’s subnet mask

WLAN gateway

Setting Description Factory Default

AWK-4131A WLAN

interface’s default

gateway

Identifies the AWK-4131A WLAN interface’s IP address on a

TCP/IP network.

Identifies the type of network to which the AWK-4131A

or 255.255.255.0 for a Class C network).

The IP address of the router that connects the WLAN to an

outside network.

Static

192.168.128.253

255.255.255.0

None

Primary/Secondary DNS server

Setting Description Factory Default

IP address of the

Primary/Secondary

DNS server

entering the DNS Server’s IP address, you can input the

AWK-4131A’s URL (e.g., http://ap11.abc.com) in your

Secondary DNS server will be used if the Primary DNS server

fails to connect.

None

AirWorks AWK-4131A Web Console Configuration

3-12

interface is connected (e.g., 255.255.0.0 for a Class B network,

NOTE

The

Current

local time

term shutdown, especially when the network

does not have an Internet connection for

Setting

Description

Factory Default

GMT (Greenwich

LAN IP address

Setting Description Factory Default

AWK-4131A LAN

interface’s IP address

LAN subnet mask

Setting Description Factory Default

AWK-4131A LAN

interface’s subnet mask

Identifies the AWK-4131A LAN interface’s IP address on a

TCP/IP network.

Identifies the type of network to which the AWK-4131A’s LAN

or 255.255.255.0 for a Class C network).

192.168.127.254

255.255.255.0

System Time

The AWK-4131A has a time calibration function based on information from an NTP server or user specified Date

and Time information. Functions such as Logs and Notifications can add real-time information to the

message.

The Current local time shows the AWK-4131A’s system time when you open this web page. You can click on

the Set Time button to activate the updated date and time parameters. An “(Updated)” string will appear to

indicate that the change is complete. Local system time will be immediately activated in the system without

running Save and Restart.

AWK-4131A has a built-in real-time clock (RTC). We strongly recommend that users update the

for the AWK-4131A after the initial setup or a long-

accessing the NTP server or there is no NTP server on the LAN.

Current local time

Setting Description Factory Default

User adjustable time The date and time parameters allow configuration of the local

time, with immediate activation.

Use 24-hour format: yyyy/mm/dd hh:mm:ss

Time zone

User selectable time

zone

The time zone setting allows conversion from

Mean Time) to local time.

None

GMT (Greenwich

Mean Time)

AirWorks AWK-4131A Web Console Configuration

3-13

ATTENTION

Changing the time zone will automatically adjust the

zone

Daylight saving time (DST or summer time) involves advancing

IP or Domain name of the NTP time server. The 2nd NTP server

the time is synchronized

NOTE

Although it is more convenient to use dynamic bridging, there i

(such as IPX and AppleTalk) are not forwarded.

before setting the Current local time.

Daylight saving time

Setting Description Factory Default

Enable/ Disable

clocks (usually 1 hour) during the summer time to provide an

extra hour of daylight in the afternoon.

When Daylight saving time is enabled, the following parameters will be shown:

• Starts at: The date that daylight saving time begins.

• Stops at: The date that daylight saving time ends.

• Time offset: Indicates how many hours forward the clock should be advanced.

Time server 1/2

Setting Description Factory Default

IP/Name of Time

Server 1/2

Time sync interval

Setting Description Factory Default

Time interval for NTP

server synchronization

(600 to 9999 seconds)

will be used if the 1st NTP server fails to connect.

This parameter determines how often

from the NTP server.

Current local time. You should configure the Time

Disable

time.nist.gov

600 (seconds)

Wireless LAN Setup

The AWK-4131A provides two different sets of wireless operation modes: AP/client modes for

point-to-multipoint communication and master/slave modes for transparent point-to-point communication.

The major differences between these two operation modes are the MAC address translation on the client/slave

radio.

AP/client: The IP-Bridging mechanism is used to overcome limitations of the 802.11 standards. In this case,

the MAC address of the devices connected to the client radio will be replaced with the client’s MAC address.

Under AP/client modes, communication problems might be encountered when you have a MAC authenticated

system or MAC (Layer 2) based communication. In this case, you will need to change the network to use the

master/slave operation mode.

Master/slave: A transparent point-to-point protocol that allows the devices’ MAC addresses to remain

unchanged when the packets get through the slave radio. If you are looking for a worry-free wireless solution

to replace your wired system, use Master/Slave.

Client-router: A variation of standard client mode. WLAN behavior is identical with client mode, but a router

behavior was added to separate the WLAN and LAN subnets. This allows network planners to allocate private

IP addresses behind the client radio. More information on the Static Route, NAT, and Port Forwarding functions

can be found in the Advanced Setup section.

Sniffer: In order to provide an easier way to analyze wireless traffic, the AWK-4131A supports a “Sniffer”

mode to co-work with Wireshark packet sniffer software.

-based packets between its wireless interface (WLAN) and Ethernet interface (LAN); other types of traffic

s a limitation—the Client can only transmit

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3-14

AeroMag

Moxa's AeroMag tool enables fast, automatic, and error-free configuration of basic Wi-Fi settings based on the

current wireless environment and location of the APs. The AWK-4131A can be used as an AeroMag client as well

as an AeroMag AP.

Concept

Moxa’s AeroMag technology takes care of the basic Wi-Fi settings for you, saving you considerable effort when

deploying your wireless networks. AeroMag is a useful tool throughout the Wi-Fi network lifecycle. When you

are configuring network devices, AeroMag sets up your Wi-Fi connections correctly in a single step. During the

installation phase, AeroMag streamlines network operation by analyzing the optimal channel for your current

operating environment. From a maintenance perspective, new APs/clients can join the AeroMag topology

without any additional configuration.

Once you have confirmed the number of APs and their location, using a site-survey tool, and have configured

their device names and IP addresses, connect all the APs to the same network using Layer-2 switches. Next,

activate the AeroMag function on both the APs and clients.

AeroMag decides the optimized RF type, channels, WPA2 password and SSID for you. AeroMag APs will

generate an optimal configuration and assign it to AeroMag Clients. AeroMag Clients search AeroMag APs to

achieve the optimal configuration.

AirWorks AWK-4131A Web Console Configuration

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Setting Up the Device as an AeroMag AP

The AeroMag function is inactive by default. In the AWK-4131A, both the AP and the client modes are available

under the AeroMag function. To activate AeroMag, set the AeroMag operation mode to AP.

The AeroMag function is inactive by default. Only the AP mode is available under the AeroMag functionality for

AWK-4131A. To activate AeroMag, set the AeroMag operation mode to AP.

Setting Up the Device as an AeroMag Client

Set the AeroMag operation mode to Client.

AirWorks AWK-4131A Web Console Configuration

3-16

NOTE

You can also activate AeroMag through MXconfig, SNMP, or by using the

Press the

button five

times to activate the AeroMag client. Press the

consecutive press should be affected within 2 seconds of the previous one). You can activate either the AP first

or the Client first as the or

Use the current configuration

If you are activating AeroMag for the first time, this option

AeroMag AP: Discard the current configuration settings

AeroMag Client: Discard current configuration settings

When this option is selected, no additional AP/Client is allowed

NOTE 1: Lock Down function will be active immediately. There

oMag APs to trigger this function for all the topology

diately. There

NOTE

option for AeroMag to refresh the AeroMag Operating Status every 30 seconds. When

channels are refreshed or a new configuration is generated, selecting the Auto Update option will refresh an

AP’s operating status every 5 seconds.

Reset button on the AWK-4131A four times to activate the AeroMag AP. Press the Reset

Reset button three times to deactivate AeroMag (each

der does not affect the behavior of the AeroMag tool.

You can configure the following setting when AeroMag is activated:

Setting Description Factory Default

Apply AeroMag

configuration

Lock AeroMag

Topology

• Use the current configuration:

generated by AeroMag. This option is only available if

AeroMag was already active once before the current

configuration change.

will not be available.

• Generate a new configuration:

and generate a new set consisting of SSID, WAP2

password, RF type and search for the three best

channels.

and search for an AeroMag AP to get a new set of

configuration settings.

to join this AeroMag topology and receive a new set of

configuration settings. The status of all additional devices

trying to join is indicated using a lock symbol.

Reset button on the device.

Generate a new

configuration

Inactive

is no need to submit the changes and reboot.

NOTE 2: In the same AeroMag topology, you can access any

one of Aer

units.

Refresh Channel All the AeroMag APs would search for the three best channels

when Refresh Channel is triggered. If the new assigned

channel set is changed, the AeroMag APs would use the latest

generated configuration and inform the AeroMag Clients to

change the Clients' Turbo Roaming scan channel as well.

NOTE 1: Refresh Channel will be triggered imme

is no need to submit the action and reboot.

NOTE 2: In the same AeroMag topology, you can access any

one of AeroMag APs to trigger this function for all topology

units.

You can also view the AeroMag AP Operating Status listed below:

elect the Auto Update

AirWorks AWK-4131A Web Console Configuration

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They mark themselves as a group with same SSID. One AP among them would

act as Master AeroMag AP.

AeroMag AP Operating Status

Parameter Description

Grouping The AeroMag APs find the units which are also connected to the same L2 subnet.

Generating Configuration The master AeroMag AP generates a new configuration using the spectrum

report received from all AeroMag APs

Alignment Configuration All AeroMag APs align configuration which is distributed by Master AeroMag AP

Ready for new

APs/Clients deploying

Refresh Channel Whether Refresh Channel Function is ready

Ready for offering configuration to new coming APs/Clients

AeroMag Client Operating Status

Parameter Description

Find AeroMag AP AeroMag Client searches for an AeroMag AP

Identity Verification AeroMag Client sends a connection authentication request to the AeroMag AP

for the AP to verify if the client is a Moxa device.

Apply Configuration The configuration generated by the AeroMag AP and sent to the client, after a

successful authentication of the client, is applied to this client.

AP Settings Shows the AeroMag AP that this client is connected to and the assigned

configuration

AeroMag views a topology where the wireless devices with the same SSID are grouped together. If you need

to assign a specific SSID to devices, you must first deactivate AeroMag and then change each AWK's SSID. The

new SSID for each device will become the group index the next time you activate the AeroMag function.

For a higher level of security, the password parameter can only be viewed over HTTPS by a user with an Admin

account. No user can read the password over HTTP, not even n Admin account.

The Channel value displays the current channels that the AeroMag APs are operating in. The channel set is

updated when the current AeroMag APs change their operating channels when Refresh Channel is triggered.

Parameter Description

Channel Arrangement Indicate the channel used by every AeroMag AP in this topology along with their

MAC addresses

AP Settings Shows the configuration that the AeroMag APs are using right now. The channel

marked with an asterisk is the channel used by this AeroMag AP.

AirWorks AWK-4131A Web Console Configuration

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NOTE

An AeroMag client CANNOT search and connect to a normal AP because of a null configuration during the

o active groups of devices in an AeroMag topology connect to the same subnet network when the lock

down feature is not activated, the two groups will merge and take the SSID, WAP2 password, and channels

rd their configuration due to group merge, the corresponding AeroMag clients will

We highly recommend locking down your AeroMag topology once the topology is established as planned in

site the first time.

If you would like to set your own SSID yet gain benefit from AeroMag at the same time, we recommend that

you activate one AeroMag AP first and then change to your own SSID. Next, connect all the other units so

Refresh

Fi connection with the client will be disconnected for 180

If an AeroMag client is disconnected from an AeroMag AP and fails to find an AeroMag AP within the Turbo

Roaming channels within 150 seconds, the client starts to scan all channels for AeroMag APs to recover its

band. For example, if one AeroMag unit

AeroMag Unit Logs

Parameter Description

Timestamp The timestamp when the event was last triggered.

Source Device The AeroMag unit that provides the configuration of the unit joining the

topology

Joining Device The devices that are trying to join this topology

Mode Operation mode used by the device trying to join this topology

Joining Status The status of joining behavior.

Clear Use this option to clear the log contents

If the AeroMag APs or Clients are trying to join a topology that has been locked by AeroMag, the status will show

Block. You should unlock the existing AeroMag topology in order to add new units. Channel-refreshing is

recommended in order to optimize the channel arrangement whenever there are some new units added to the

topology.

1. An AeroMag AP allows normal Wi-Fi Clients to connect to it as long as they use the same SSID and sam

WAP2 settings. AeroMag will help you quickly set up the basic settings in your Wi-Fi network without

changing the standard Wi-Fi behavior.

search.

3. If tw

settings of one of the groups.

4. When AeroMag APs disca

also discard their configuration to search for new AeroMag APs.

order to prevent unexpected AeroMag units from joining this topology.

6. We highly recommend refreshing the channels right after first installing the devices on-

7. When AeroMag is active, you cannot change the Basic WLAN and Security Setup manually.

that the AeroMag topology can be grouped with a manually assigned SSID.

9. If an AeroMag client is informed that the Turbo Roaming channel needs to be changed due to a

Channel action triggered by AeroMag APs, the Wi-

seconds, until the client reconnects to an AP.

10.

AeroMag connection.

11. If an AeroMag client loses a connection for 10 minutes and fails to connect again, the AeroMag client

discards the current configuration and starts searching for AeroMag APs all over again.

12. AeroMag devices in a network must operate in the same regulatory

uses US band and the others unit use EU band, AeroMag will fail to establish a network topology.

AirWorks AWK-4131A Web Console Configuration

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manually turned on or

the router function to divide the WLAN and LAN interfaces into

Master

The AWK-4131A plays the role of wireless Master.

Operation Mode

The AWK-4131A supports six operation modes—AP, Client, Client-Router, Master, Slave, and Sniffer—each of

which plays a distinct role on the wireless network.

Wireless enable

Setting Description Factory Default

Enable/Disable The RF (Radio Frequency) module can be

off.

Enable

Operation mode

Setting Description Factory Default

AP The AWK-4131A plays the role of wireless Access Point. AP

Client The AWK-4131A plays the role of wireless Client.

Client-Router The AWK-4131A plays the role of wireless Client, but includes

two subnets.

Slave The AWK-4131A plays the role of wireless Slave.

Sniffer Turns the device into a remote Wireshark interface to capture

802.11 packets for analysis.

Sniffer mode instructions:

1. Set operation mode to Sniffer mode on the AWK-4131A and then save/reboot the device.

2. Connect the AWK-4131A to a laptop with Wireshark installed (v1.12.0 or later release) via Ethernet.

3. Add a remote interface by entering the IP address of the AWK-4131A.

Detailed Wireshark instructions can be found at:

https://www.wireshark.org/docs/wsug_html_chunked/ChCapInterfaceRemoteSection.html

4. Start capturing 802.11 wireless packets with Wireshark.

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Basic WLAN Setup

The “Basic WLAN Setup” panel is used to add and edit SSIDs. An SSID is a unique identifier that wireless

networking devices use to establish and maintain wireless connectivity. Multiple access points on a network or

sub-network can use the same SSIDs. You can configure your AWK to use up to 9 SSIDs, and configure each

SSID differently. All of the SSIDs are active at the same time; that is, client devices can use any of the SSIDs

to associate with the access point.

Click on Add SSID to create more SSIDs.

Click on Edit to assign different configuration settings to each SSID. The configuration panel appears as

follows:

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NOTE

When you switch to

button will be available on the

Basic WLAN Setup panel. Click the “Site Survey” button to view information about available

shown in

the following figure. You can click on the SSID of an entity and bring the value of its SSID onto the SSID field

Supports IEEE 802.11b/g standards, but 802.11g may operate

may operate

the Basic WLAN Setup page. Click the Refresh button to re-scan and update the table.

Client, Client-Router, or Slave modes, a Site Survey

APs, as

RF type

Setting Description Factory Default

2.4 GHz

B Only supports the IEEE 802.11b standard. B/G/N Mixed

G Only supports the IEEE 802.11g standard.

B/G Mixed

at a slower speed if when 802.11b clients are on the network.

G/N Mixed Supports IEEE 802.11g/n standards, but 802.11n

at a slower speed if 802.11g clients are on the network.

B/G/N Mixed Supports IEEE 802.11b/g/n standards, but 802.11g/n may

operate at a slower speed if 802.11b clients are on the network.

N Only (2.4 GHz) Only supports the 2.4 GHz IEEE 802.11n standard.

AirWorks AWK-4131A Web Console Configuration

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may operate

channels vary

channel width, If you are not sure which option to

The SSID of a client and the SSID of the AP must be identical for

IMPORTANT!

If the SSID broadcast function is disabled, APs and clients cannot establish connections on DFS channels. This

is because clients are only allowed to do passive scanning of DFS channels; active scanning on these channels

is forbidden.

Enable the AeroLink APs to monitor Ethernet communication on

the AP side in order to trigger AeroLink Protection on the client

NOTE: AeroLink Protection should be also enabled on the client

Enable this function for increased security. Management Frame

NOTE

AeroMag does not support Management frame encryption.

Setting Description Factory Default

5 GHz

A Only supports the IEEE 802.11a standard.

A/N Mixed Supports IEEE 802.11a/n standards, but 802.11n

at a slower speed if 802.11a clients are on the network.

N Only (5 GHz) Only supports the 5 GHz IEEE 802.11n standard.

Channel (for AP mode only)

Setting Description Factory Default

Available

with RF type

Channel width (for any 11N RF type only)

Setting Description Factory Default

20 MHz Select your

20/40 MHz

Channel bonding

If 20/40 MHz only is the Channel Width setting, this channel bonding will auto set the channel based on your

channel setting.

This option is only adjustable when the AWK-4131A plays the

role of wireless AP. If the device acts as a wireless client, it

follows the channel of the associated access point.

use, select 20/ 40 MHz (Auto).

6 (in B/G/N Mixed

mode)

20 MHz

SSID

Setting Description Factory Default

Max. of 31 characters

the client and AP to be able to communicate with each other.

NOTE: An SSID cannot contain the following characters:

` ' " | ; &

SSID broadcast (for AP mode only)

Setting Description Factory Default

Enable/ Disable Specifies if SSID can be broadcast or not.

Aerolink AP

Setting Description Factory Default

Enable/Disable

side under milliseconds recovery time.

MOXA

Disable

side at the same time.

Management Frame Encryption

Setting Description Factory Default

Enable/Disable

encryption function allows users to set a specific password for

any two devices to connect with each other.

Disable

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WLAN Security Settings

The AWK-4131A provides four standardized wireless security modes: Open, WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy),

WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access), and WPA2. Several security modes are available in the AWK-4131A by

selecting Security mode and WPA type.

• Open: No authentication, no data encryption.

• WEP: Static WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) keys must be configured manually.

• WPA/WPA2-Personal: Also known as WPA/WPA2-PSK. You will need to specify the Pre-Shared Key in the

Passphrase field, which will be used by the TKIP or AES engine as a master key to generate keys that

actually encrypt outgoing packets and decrypt incoming packets.

• WPA/WPA2-Enterprise: Also called WPA/WPA2-EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol). In addition to

device-based authentication, WPA/WPA2-Enterprise enables user-based authentication via IEEE 802.1X.

The AWK-4131A can support three EAP methods: EAP-TLS, EAP-TTLS, and EAP-PEAP.

• WPA-WPA2 mix: AWK supports WPA/WPA2 at the same time. AWK is able to authenticate with both Wi-Fi

clients that use WPA and WPA2.

Security mode

Setting Description Factory Default

Open No authentication Open

WEP Static WEP is used

WPA WPA is used

WPA2 Fully supports IEEE 802.11i with “TKIP/AES + 802.1X”.

Open

For security reasons, you should NOT set security mode to Open System, since authentication and data

encryption are NOT performed in Open System mode.

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NOTE

Moxa includes

deprecated by the Wi

According to the IEEE 802.11

standard, WEP ca

authentication and data encryption

to maintain

(or Shared

type

is used if WEP

data encryption

Normally,

authentication

WEP data encryption is

authentication

When WEP is enabled as a security

mode, the length of a key

called

WEP seed

WEP (for Legacy Mode Only)

64/128 bits, which is actually a 40/104-bit secret key with a 24-bit initialization vector. The AWK-4131A

provides 4 entities of WEP key settings that can be selected to use with Key index.

The selected key setting specifies the key to be used as a send-key for encrypting traffic from the AP side to the

wireless client side. All 4 WEP keys are used as receive-keys to decrypt traffic from the wireless client side to

the AP side.

WEP security mode only for legacy purposes. WEP is highly insecure and is considered fully

-Fi alliance. We do not recommend the use of WEP security under any circumstances.

n be used for

confidentiality. Shared

Key) authentication

authentication and

are both needed.

Open (or Open System)

type is used when

run with

(so-

) can be specified as

The WEP key can be presented in two Key types, HEX and ASCII. Each ASCII character has 8 bits, so a 40-bit

(or 64-bit) WEP key contains 5 characters, and a 104-bit (or 128-bit) key has 13 characters. In hex, each

character uses 4 bits, so a 40-bit key has 10 hex characters, and a 128-bit key has 26 characters.

Authentication type

Setting Description Factory Default

Open Data encryption is enabled, but without authentication. Open

Shared Data encryption and authentication are both enabled.

Key type

Setting Description Factory Default

HEX Specifies WEP keys in hexa-decimal number form. HEX

ASCII Specifies WEP keys in ASCII form.

Key length

Setting Description Factory Default

64 bits Uses 40-bit secret keys with 24-bit initialization vector. 64 bits

128 bits Uses 104-bit secret key with 24-bit initialization vector.

Key index

Setting Description Factory Default

1-4 Specifies which WEP key is used. Open

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RC4 encryption

WEP key 1-4

Setting Description Factory Default

ASCII type:

64 bits: 5 chars

128 bits: 13chars

HEX type:

64 bits: 10 hex chars

128 bits: 26 hex chars

A string that can be used as a WEP seed for the

engine.

None

WPA/WPA2-Personal

WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) and WPA2 represent significant improvements over the WEP encryption method.

WPA is a security standard based on 802.11i draft 3, while WPA2 is based on the fully ratified version of 802.11i.

The initial vector is transmitted, encrypted, and enhanced with its 48 bits, twice as long as WEP. The key is

regularly changed so that true session is secured.

Even though AES encryption is only included in the WPA2 standard, it is widely available in the WPA security

mode of some wireless APs and clients as well. The AWK-4131A also supports AES algorithms in WPA and WPA2

for better compatibility.

Personal versions of WPA/WPA2, also known as WPA/WPA-PSK (Pre-Shared Key), provide a simple way of

encrypting a wireless connection for high confidentiality. A Passphrase is used as a basis for encryption

methods (or cipher types) in a WLAN connection. The passphrases should be complicated and as long as

possible. There must be at least 8 ASCII characters in the Passphrase, and it could go up to 63. For security

reasons, this passphrase should only be disclosed to users who need it, and it should be changed regularly.

WPA type

Setting Description Factory Default

Personal Provides Pre-Shared Key-enabled WPA and WPA2. Personal

Enterprise Provides enterprise-level security for WPA and WPA2.

Encryption method

Setting Description Factory Default

TKIP** Temporal Key Integrity Protocol is enabled. AES

AES Advance Encryption System is enabled.

Mixed* Provides TKIP broadcast key and TKIP+AES unicast key for

some legacy AP clients. This option is rarely used.

** This option is only available with 802.11a/b/g standard

* This option is available for legacy mode in AP/Master only, and does not support AES-enabled clients.

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NOTE

The

dictates how often the wireless AP encryption keys should be changed. The security

level is generally higher if you set the

value to a shorter number, which forces the encryption keys

to be changed more frequently. The default value is 3600 seconds

can be

considered if

TKIP**

Temporal Key Integrity Protocol is enabled.

Passphrase

Setting Description Factory Default

8 to 63 characters Master key to generate keys for encryption and decryption. None

Key renewal (for AP/Master mode only)

Setting Description Factory Default

60 to 86400 seconds

(1 minute to 1 day)

Specifies the time period of group key renewal. 3600 (seconds)

key renewal value

key renewal

(60 minutes). Longer time periods

the line is not very busy.

WPA/WPA2-Enterprise (for AP/Master Mode)

By setting WPA type to Enterprise, you can use EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol), a framework

authentication protocol used by 802.1X to provide network authentication. In these Enterprise-level security

modes, a back-end RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service) server is needed if IEEE 802.1X

functionality is enabled in WPA /WPA2. The IEEE 802.1X protocol also offers the possibility of carrying out an

efficient connection authentication on a large-scale network. It is not necessary to exchange keys or

passphrases.

WPA type

Setting Description Factory Default

Personal Provides Pre-Shared Key-enabled WPA and WPA2. Personal

Enterprise Provides enterprise-level security for WPA and WPA2.

Encryption method

Setting Description Factory Default

AES Advance Encryption System is enabled.

Mixed* Provides TKIP broadcast key and TKIP+AES unicast key for

some legacy AP clients. This option is rarely used.

** This option is only available with 802.11a/b/g standard

* This option is available for legacy mode in AP/Master only, and does not support AES-enabled clients.

AES

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Primary/Secondary RADIUS server IP

Setting Description Factory Default

The IP address of

RADIUS server

Primary/Secondary RADIUS port

Setting Description Factory Default

Port number Specifies the port number of the delegated RADIUS server. 1812

Primary/ Secondary RADIUS shared key

Setting Description Factory Default

Max. of 31 characters The secret key shared between AP and RADIUS server. None

Key renewal

Setting Description Factory Default

60 to 86400 seconds

(1 minute to 1 day)

Specifies the delegated RADIUS server for EAP. None

Specifies the time period of group key renewal. 3600 (seconds)

WPA/WPA2-Enterprise (for Client/Client-Router/Slave mode)

When used as a client, the AWK-4131A can support three EAP methods (or EAP protocols): EAP-TLS,

EAP-TTLS, and EAP-PEAP, corresponding to WPA/WPA-Enterprise settings on the AP side.

Encryption method

Setting Description Factory Default

TKIP** Temporal Key Integrity Protocol is enabled. TKIP

AES Advance Encryption System is enabled.

**This option is only available with 802.11a/b/g standard.

EAP protocol

Setting Description Factory Default

TLS Specifies Transport Layer Security protocol. TLS

TTLS Specifies Tunneled Transport Layer Security.

PEAP Specifies Protected Extensible Authentication Protocol, or

Protected EAP.

Before choosing the EAP protocol for your WPA/WPA2-Enterpise settings on the client end, please contact the

network administrator to make sure the system supports the protocol on the AP end. Detailed information on

these three popular EAP protocols is presented in the following sections.

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EAP-TLS

TLS is the standards-based successor to Secure Socket Layer (SSL). It can establish a trusted communication

channel over a distrusted network. TLS provides mutual authentication through certificate exchange. EAP-TLS

is also secure to use. You are required to submit a digital certificate to the authentication server for validation,

but the authentication server must also supply a certificate.

You can use Basic WLAN Setup  WLAN Certificate Settings to import your WLAN certificate and enable

EAP-TLS on the client end.

You can check the current certificate status in Current Status if it is available.

• Certificate issued to: Shows the certificate user

• Certificate issued by: Shows the certificate issuer

• Certificate expiration date: Indicates when the certificate has expired

EAP-TTLS

It is usually much easier to re-use existing authentication systems, such as a Windows domain or Active

Directory, LDAP directory, or Kerberos realm, rather than creating a parallel authentication system. As a result,

TTLS (Tunneled TLS) and PEAP (Protected EAP) are used to support the use of so-called “legacy authentication

methods.”

TTLS and PEAP work in a similar way. First, they establish a TLS tunnel (EAP-TLS for example), and validate

whether the network is trustworthy with digital certificates on the authentication server. This step establishes

a tunnel that protects the next step (or “inner” authentication), and consequently is sometimes referred to as

“outer” authentication. The TLS tunnel is then used to encrypt an older authentication protocol that

authenticates the user for the network.

As you can see, digital certificates are still needed for outer authentication in a simplified form. Only a small

number of certificates are required, which can be generated by a small certificate authority. Certificate

reduction makes TTLS and PEAP much more popular than EAP-TLS.

The AWK-4131A provides some non-cryptographic EAP methods, including PAP, CHAP, MS-CHAP, and

MS-CHAP-V2. These EAP methods are not recommended for direct use on wireless networks. However, they

may be useful as inner authentication methods with TTLS and PEAP.

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Because the inner and outer

authentications can use distinct

user names in TTLS and PEAP,

you can use an anonymous user

name for the outer

authentication, with the true

user name only shown through

the encrypted channel. Keep in

mind that not all client software

supports anonymous alteration.

Confirm this with the network

administrator

you enable

identity hiding in TTLS and PEAP.

Setting

Description

Factory Default

There are a few differences in

the TTLS and PEAP inner

authentication procedures.

TTLS uses the encrypted

channel to exchange

attribute

while PEAP uses the encrypted

channel to start a second EAP

exchange inside of the tunnel.

The

EAP method for inner

authentication.

before

TTL inner authentication

Setting Description Factory Default

PAP Password Authentication Protocol is used. MS-CHAP-V2

CHAP Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol is used.

MS-CHAP Microsoft CHAP is used.

MS-CHAP-V2 Microsoft CHAP version 2 is used.

Anonymous

Setting Description Factory Default

Max. of 31 characters A distinct name used for outer authentication. None

User name & Password

User name and password used in inner authentication. None

PEAP

AWK-4131A provides

-CHAP-V2 merely as an

Inner EAP protocol

Setting Description Factory Default

MS-CHAP-V2 Microsoft CHAP version 2 is used. MS-CHAP-V2

-value pairs (AVPs),

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avoid communicate with weak signal wireless links to maintain

Anonymous

Setting Description Factory Default

Max. of 31 characters A distinct name used for outer authentication. None

User name & Password

Setting Description Factory Default

User name and password used in inner authentication. None

Advanced WLAN Settings

Additional wireless-related parameters are presented in this section to help you set up your wireless network

in detail.

Transmission rate

Setting Description Factory Default

Auto The AWK-4131A senses and adjusts the data rate

automatically.

Available rates Users can manually select a target transmission data rate but

does not support when RF type are G/N mixed, B/G/N mixed

and A/N mixed.

Minimum transmission rate

Setting Description Factory Default

0 to 64 Mbps

(0 to disable)

Multicast rate

Setting Description Factory Default

Available rates You can set a fixed multicast rate for the transmission of

By setting a minimum transmission rate, the AWK-4131A will

overall wireless performance and optimize the wireless

frequency usage.

broadcast and multicast packets on a per-radio basis. This

parameter can be useful in an environment where multicast

video streaming is occurring in the wireless medium, provided

the wireless clients are capable of handling the configured rate.

Auto

0 (Disable)

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can manually select a target power to mask max output

Specifies how long before access point starts sending out client

Specifies the maximum size a data packet before splitting and

Determines how large a packet can be before the Access Point

NOTE

You can refer to the related glossaries in Appendix A for detailed information about the above

settings. By setting these parameters properly, you can better tu

Distance or max. range

Specifies the transmission distance or max. range between two

This parameter should be set properly, especially

NOTE

Make sure the same

parameter is greater than 500, an optimal algorithm will be enabled

Maximum Transmission power

Setting Description Factory Default

Available power Users

power. Because different transmission rates would have their

own max output power, please reference product datasheet.

For 802.11b/g, the available setting is from 0 to 20

Beacon interval (for AP/Master mode only)

Setting Description Factory Default

Beacon Interval

(40 to 1000 ms)

Inactive timeout (for AP mode only)

Setting Description Factory Default

8 to 240 seconds

DTIM interval (for AP/Master mode only)

Setting Description Factory Default

Data Beacon Rate

(1 to 15)

Indicates the frequency interval of the beacon. 100 (ms)

alive packets.

Indicates how often the AWK-4131A sends out a Delivery

Traffic Indication Message.

20 dBm

60 seconds

Fragmentation threshold

Setting Description Factory Default

Fragment Length

(256 to 2346)

RTS threshold

Setting Description Factory Default

RTS/CTS Threshold

(256 to 2346)

Transmission distance (5 GHz only)

Setting Description Factory Default

for transmission

(500 to 11,000 m)

creating another new packet.

coordinates transmission and reception to ensure efficient

communication.

ne the performance of your wireless network

AWK devices.

for long-distance communication.

Transmission distance parameters are set in both AP and Client. When this

to support long-distance transmission.

2346

-mentioned

500

Antenna

Setting Description Factory Default

A/B/Both Specifies the output antenna port. Setting “Antenna” to Both

allows 2x2 MIMO communication under 802.11n and 2T2R*

communication in legacy 802.11a/b/g modes.

*Different from 802.11n’s multiple spatial data stream (2x2 MIMO), which doubles the throughput, 2T2R

transmits/receives the same piece of data on both antenna ports.

Both

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NOTE

While the AWK is

performance.

NOTE

Enabling this feature causes the

traffic; the high transmission frequency of

check packets could potentially affect your other

wireless communications that use the same channel, so only enable this feature when you have full control of

the designated radio channel.

WMM

Setting Description Factory Default

Enable/Disable WMM is a QoS standard for WLAN traffic. Voice and video data

will be given priority bandwidth when enabled with WMM

supported wireless clients.

NOTE: WMM will always be enabled under 802.11n mode.

Turbo Roaming (Client mode only)

Setting Description Factory Default

Enable/ Disable Moxa’s Turbo Roaming can enable rapid handover when the

AWK-4131A, as a client, roams among a group of APs.

When Turbo Roaming is enabled, the following parameters will be shown:

• Roaming threshold: Determines when to start looking for new AP candidates. If the current connection

quality (SNR or Signal Strength) is lower than the specified threshold, the AWK will start background

scanning and look for next-hop candidates.

The following table lists the default threshold values for different RF types:

RF Type RSSI Signal Strength

Legacy 2.4G 30 -65

Legacy 5G 30 -65

N-mode 2.4G 40 -55

N-mode 5G 40 -50

Enable

Disable

• Roaming difference: Determines if roaming should be executed. After background scan has been

triggered, the roaming will only occur if the AP candidate(s) provide a better (Roaming difference)

connection quality than the current connection. If multiple access points fulfill the criteria, the AWK will pick

the best one to roam to.

• Scan channels: Predefined communication and roaming channels.

• AP alive check: Allows Turbo Roaming to react faster to WLAN disconnections.

• AP candidate threshold: After the “AP alive check” declares that the current access point is no longer

available, the surrounding access points must have good enough connection qualities (SNR/Signal Strength)

in order to qualify as AP candidates for client association.

scanning the background, its wireless performance will be reduced by 1/3 of its normal

AWK-4131A to send out alive-check packets every 10 ms when there is no

these small alive-

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NOTE

The Turbo Roaming recovery time

an average of test results

documented, in optimized conditions, across APs configured with interference

WPA2

channel roaming

at 100 Kbps traffic load. However, a combination of factors affect the AP handover recovery time of a roaming

client, including but not limited to the following:

Therefore, a site survey prior to device deployment is recommended to evaluate the ideal parameter settings

on both clients and APs so that you can come

NOTE

Enabling this feature causes the

traffic; the high transmission frequency of

check packets could potentially affect your other

wireless communications that use the same channel, so only enable this feature when you have full control of

the designated radio channel.

This allows for multiple devices to connect to the AWK

via the LAN and only one of them needs to be assigned

-PSK security, and default Turbo Roaming parameters. The clients are configured with 3-

On-site RF interference

Velocity of the moving client devices

Application traffic throughput

Turbo Roaming parameters configured. i.e., Roaming threshold, Roaming difference,

and AP candidate threshold.

AeroLink Protection (for Client/Slave mode only)

Setting Description Factory Default

Enable/Disable Enable AeroLink Protection to allow wireless clients on the

same LAN network to automatically negotiate with each other

and form a redundant wireless communication, for more details, see Status  AeroLink Protection Status.

When AeroLink Protection is enabled, the following parameter will be shown:

AP alive check: Enable to allow AeroLink Protection to react faster to WLAN disconnections.

(<150 ms) listed in the product documentation is

-free 20-MHz RF channels,

up with an optimal deployment plan for your applications.

Disable

MAC clone (Client mode only)

Setting Description Factory Default

MAC clone Enabling this feature allows the AWK client to copy the MAC

address of the equipment connected to the LAN. This

overcomes the limitation of the IP-Bridged behavior in a

MAC-sensitive network (MAC-based communication or

MAC-authenticated network).

MAC clone method • Auto: The AWK client copies the MAC address of the

MAC clone static

address

Specifies the static MAC address that the connected AWK

devices should copy.

AWK-4131A to send out alive-check packets every 10 ms when there is no

these small alive-

device connected to the LAN if only one device

connects to AWK.

• Static: The AWK client shares the assigned MAC

address with multiple devices connected to the LAN.

a MAC address.

Disable

Auto

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NOTE

The WLAN certificate will

, it can still be seen

WLAN Certificate Settings (For EAP-TLS in Client/Slave Mode

Only)

When EAP-TLS is used, a WLAN Certificate will be required at the client end to support WPA/WPA2-Enterprise.

The AWK-4131A can support the PKCS #12, also known as Personal Information Exchange Syntax Standard,

certificate formats that define file formats commonly used to store private keys with accompanying public key

certificates, protected with a password-based symmetric key.

Current status displays information for the current WLAN certificate, which has been imported into the

AWK-4131A. Nothing will be shown if a certificate is not available.

Certificate issued to: Shows the certificate user

Certificate issued by: Shows the certificate issuer

Certificate expiration date: Indicates when the certificate has expired

You can import a new WLAN certificate in Import WLAN Certificate by following these steps, in order:

1. Input the corresponding password (or key) in the Certificate private password field and then click

Submit to set the password.

2. The password will be displayed in the Certificate private password field. Click on the Browse button in

Select certificate/key file and select the certificate file.

3. Click Upload Certificate File to import the certificate file. If the import succeeds, you can see the

information uploaded in Current Certificate.

If it fails, you may need to return to step 1 to set the password correctly and then import the certificate file

again.

remain after the AWK-4131A reboots. Even though it is expired

the Current Certificate.

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Advanced Setup

Several advanced functions are available to increase the functionality of your AWK-4131A and wireless network

system. A VLAN is a collection of clients and hosts grouped together as if they were connected to the broadcast

domains in a layer-2 network. The DHCP server helps you deploy wireless clients efficiently. Packet filters

provide security mechanisms, such as firewalls, in different network layers. Moreover, the AWK-4131A can

support STP/RSTP protocol to increase reliability across the entire network, and SNMP support can make

network management easier.

Using Virtual LAN

Setting up Virtual LANs (VLANs) on your AWK series increases the efficiency of your network by dividing the

LAN into logical segments, as opposed to physical segments. In general, VLANs are easier to manage.

The Virtual LAN (VLAN) Concept

What is a VLAN?

A virtual LAN, commonly known as a VLAN, is a group of hosts with a common set of requirements that

communicate as if they were attached to the same broadcast domain, regardless of their physical location. A

VLAN has the same attributes as a physical LAN, but it allows for end stations to be grouped together even if

they are not located on the same network switch. Network reconfiguration can be done through software

instead of physically relocating devices.

VLANs now extend as far as the reach of the access point signal. Clients can be segmented into wireless

sub-networks via SSID and VLAN assignment. A Client can access the network by connecting to an AP

configured to support its assigned SSID/VLAN.

Benefits of VLANs

VLANs are used to conveniently, efficiently, and easily manage your network in the following ways:

• Manage adds, moves, and changes from a single point of contact

• Define and monitor groups

• Reduce broadcast and multicast traffic to unnecessary destinations

• Improve network performance and reduce latency

• Increase security

• Secure network restricts members to resources on their own VLAN

• Clients roam without compromising security

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Finally, the switch would be configured to route

packets from the marketing department to the

appropriate corporate resources such as printers and

servers. Packets from the hum

department could be restricted to a gateway that

allowed access to only the Internet. A member of the

human resource department could send and receive

prevented from accessing servers or hosts on the

local corporate network.

VLAN Workgroups and Traffic Management

The AP assigns clients to a VLAN based on a Network Name (SSID). The AP can support up to 9 SSIDs per radio

interface, with a unique VLAN configurable per SSID.

The AP matches packets transmitted or received to a network name with the associated VLAN. Traffic received

by a VLAN is only sent on the wireless interface associated with that same VLAN. This eliminates unnecessary

traffic on the wireless LAN, conserving bandwidth and maximizing throughput.

In addition to enhancing wireless traffic management, the VLAN-capable AP supports easy assignment of

wireless users to workgroups. In a typical scenario, each user VLAN represents a department workgroup; for

example, one VLAN could be used for a marketing department and the other for a human resource department.

In this scenario, the AP would assign every packet it accepted to a VLAN. Each packet would then be identified

as marketing or human resource, depending on which wireless client received it. The AP would insert VLAN

headers or “tags” with identifiers into the packets transmitted on the wired backbone to a network switch.

an resource

-mail and access the Internet, but would be

Configuring Virtual LAN

VLAN Settings

To configure the AWK’s VLAN, use the VLAN Setting page to configure the ports.

Management VLAN ID

Setting Description Factory Default

VLAN ID

ranges from

1 to 4094

Set the management VLAN of this AWK. 1

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. This field will refer

The

list

NOTE

The VLAN feature can allow wireless clients to manage the AP. If the VLAN Management ID matches a VLAN

ID, then those wireless clients who are members of that VLAN will have AP management access.

CAUTION: Once a VLAN Management ID is configured and is equivalent to one of the VLAN IDs on the AP, all

members of that User VLAN will have management access to the AP. Be careful to restrict VLAN membership

to those with legitimate access to the AP.

Port

Type Description Trunk Port

LAN This port is the LAN port on the AWK. Yes

WLAN This is a wireless port for the specific SSID

to the SSID that you have created. If more SSIDs have been

created, new rows will be added.

Port PVID

Setting Description Factory Default

VLAN ID ranging from 1

to 4094

VLAN Tagged

Setting Description Factory Default

A comma-separated

of VLAN IDs. Each of

the VLAN IDs range

from 1 to 4094.

Set the port’s VLAN ID for devices that connect to the port.

port can be a LAN port or WLAN ports.

Specify which VLANs can communicate with this specific VLAN. (Empty)

DHCP Server (For AP/Client-Router Mode Only)

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a networking protocol that allows administrators to assign

temporary IP addresses to network computers by “leasing” an IP address to a user for a limited amount of time,

instead of assigning permanent IP addresses.

The AWK-4131A can act as a simplified DHCP server and easily assign IP addresses to your DHCP clients by

responding to the DHCP requests from the client ends. The IP-related parameters you set on this page will also

be sent to the client.

You can also assign a static IP address to a specific client by entering its MAC address. The AWK-4131A

provides a Static DHCP mapping list with up to 16 entities. Be reminded to check the Active check box for

each entity to activate the setting.

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The IP address of the DNS Server used by your network. After

You can check the IP assignment status under Status  DHCP Client List.

DHCP server

Setting Description Factory Default

Enable Enables AWK-4131A as a DHCP server. Disable

Disable Disable DHCP server function.

Default gateway

Setting Description Factory Default

IP address of a default

gateway

Subnet mask

Setting Description Factory Default

subnet mask Identifies the type of sub-network (e.g., 255.255.0.0 for a

Primary/ Secondary DNS server

Setting Description Factory Default

IP address of Primary/

Secondary DNS server

The IP address of the router that connects to an outside

network.

Class B network, or 255.255.255.0 for a Class C network).

entering the DNS Server’s IP address, you can use URL as well.

The Secondary DNS server will be used if the Primary DNS

server fails to connect.

None

Start IP address

Setting Description Factory Default

IP address Indicates the IP address which AWK-4131A can start assigning. None

Maximum number of users

Setting Description Factory Default

1 to 128 Specifies how many IP address can be assigned continuously. None

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ATTENTION

Be careful when you enable the filter function:

Drop

Client lease time

Setting Description Factory Default

2 to 14400 minutes The lease time for which an IP address is assigned. The IP

address may go expired after the lease time is reached.

14400 minutes

(10 days)

Packet Filters

The AWK-4131A includes various filters for IP-based packets going through LAN and WLAN interfaces. You

can set these filters as a firewall to help enhance network security.

MAC Filters

The AWK-4131A’s MAC filter is a policy-based filter that can allow or filter out IP-based packets with specified

MAC addresses. The AWK-4131A provides 32 entities for setting MAC addresses in your filtering policy.

Remember to check the Active check box for each entity to activate the setting.

MAC filters

Setting Description Factory Default

Enable Enables MAC filters. Disable

Disable Disables MAC filters.

Policy

Setting Description Factory Default

Accept Only the packets fitting the entities on list can be allowed.

Drop Any packet fitting the entities on list will be denied.

+ “no entity on list is activated” = all packets are allowed

+ “no entity on list is activated” = all packets are denied

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ATTENTION

Be careful when you enable the filter function:

Drop

IP Protocol Filters

The AWK-4131A’s IP protocol filter is a policy-based filter that can allow or filter out IP-based packets with

specified IP protocol and source/destination IP addresses.

The AWK-4131A provides 32 entities for setting IP protocol and source/destination IP addresses in your

filtering policy. Four IP protocols are available: All, ICMP, TCP, and UDP. You must specify either the Source

IP or the Destination IP. By combining IP addresses and netmasks, you can specify a single IP address or a

range of IP addresses to accept or drop. For example, “IP address 192.168.1.1 and netmask 255.255.255.255”

refers to the sole IP address 192.168.1.1. “IP address 192.168.1.1 and netmask 255.255.255.0” refers to the

range of IP addresses from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.255. Remember to check the Active check box for each

entity to activate the setting.

IP protocol filters

Setting Description Factory Default

Enable Enables IP protocol filters. Disable

Disable Disables IP protocol filters.

Policy

Setting Description Factory Default

Accept Only the packets fitting the entities on the list can be allowed. Drop

Drop Any packet fitting the entities on the list will be denied.

+ “no entity on list is activated” = all packets are allowed.

+ “no entity on list is activated” = all packets are denied.

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Only the packets fitting the entities on list can be allowed.

ATTENTION

Be careful when you enable the filter function:

Drop

TCP/UDP Port Filters

The AWK-4131A’s TCP/UDP port filter is a policy-based filter that can allow or filter out TCP/UDP-based packets

with a specified source or destination port.

The AWK-4131A provides 32 entities for setting the range of source/destination ports of a specific protocol. In

addition to selecting TCP or UDP protocol, you can set either the source port, destination port, or both. The end

port can be left empty if only a single port is specified. Of course, the end port cannot be larger than the start

port.

The Application name is a text string that describes the corresponding entity with up to 31 characters.

Remember to check the Active check box for each entity to activate the setting.

TCP/UDP port filters

Setting Description Factory Default

Enable Enables TCP/UDP port filters. Disable

Disable Disables TCP/UDP port filters.

Policy

Setting Description Factory Default

Drop

Drop Any packet fitting the entities on list will be denied.

+ “no entity on list is activated” = all packets are allowed

+ “no entity on list is activated” = all packets are denied

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Setting

Description

Factory Default

The root of the Spanning Tree topology periodically sends out a

“hello” message to other devices on the network to check if the

checking to see if it

longer than Max. age, it

RSTP Settings (Master/Slave Mode Only)

AWK-4131A supports IEEE 802.1D for Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) and IEEE 802.1w for Rapid STP standards.

In addition to eliminating unexpected path looping, STP/RSTP can provide a backup path recovery if a wired/

wireless path fails accidentally. The reliability and availability can increase because this fail-over function.

AWK-4131A’s STP/RSTP feature is disabled by default. To be completely effective, you must enable RSTP/STP

on every AWK-4131A connected to your network. If AWK-4131A plays a Slave role, which is connected to a

device (PLC, RTU, etc.) as opposed to network switch equipment, it is not necessary to enable STP/RSTP. The

reason is that it will cause unnecessary negotiation. AWK-4131As support STP/RSTP in Master/Slave mode

only.

The following figures indicate which Spanning Tree Protocol parameters can be configured. A more detailed

explanation of each parameter is given below the figure.

RSTP status

This field will appear only when selected to operate STP/RSTP. It indicates whether this AWK-4131A is the Root

of the Spanning Tree (the root is determined automatically) or not.

Bridge priority

Setting Description Factory Default

Numerical value

selected

by user

Hello time

Numerical value input

by user

(1 – 10 seconds)

Forwarding delay

Setting Description Factory Default

Numerical value input

by user

(4 to 30 seconds)

You can increase the bridge priority by selecting a lower

number. A higher bridge priority brings a greater chance of

being established as the root of the Spanning Tree topology.

topology is healthy. Hello time indicates how often the root

sends hello messages.

The amount of time this device waits before

should change to a different topology.

32768

2 (seconds)

15 (seconds)

Max. age

Setting Description Factory Default

Numerical value input

by user

(6 to 40 seconds)

When it is in a non-root role, if the device has not received a

hello message from the root for a time

will reconfigure itself as a root. Once two or more devices on

the network are recognized as a root, the devices will

renegotiate to set up a new Spanning Tree topology.

20 (seconds)

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to indicate that this port is less suitable as a

NOTE

We recommend you

end

negotiation

BPDUs, it

can still

Setting an edge port is different from disabling STP/RSTP on a port. If you disable STP/RSTP, a port will not

deal with STP/RSTP BPDUs at all.

Enable RSTP

Setting Description Factory Default

Enable/Disable Enables or disables the port as a node on the Spanning Tree

topology.

Port priority

Setting Description Factory Default

Numerical value

selected by user

Port cost

Setting Description Factory Default

Enable/Disable Input a higher cost

Edge port

Setting Description Factory Default

Checked/Unchecked Sets a port, which no BPDU expectedly goes through, as an

Increase this port’s priority as a node on the Spanning Tree

topology by inputting a lower number.

node for the Spanning Tree topology.

edge port.

Disable (unchecked)

128

20000(LAN)

Unchecked, except

AP port

device (PLC, RTU, etc.) as opposed to network equipment. This can prevent unnecessary waiting and

of STP/RSTP protocol, and accelerate system initialization. When an edge port receives

function as an STP/RSTP port and start negotiation.

set an edge port for the port, which is connected to a non-STP/RSTP sub-network or a

Port Status

Port Status indicates the current Spanning Tree status of this port. Use Forwarding for normal transmission,

or Blocking to block transmission.

Static Route (Client-Router Mode Only)

The Static Route page is used to configure the AWK-4131A’s static routing table.

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Active

Click the checkbox to enable Static Routing.

Destination

Specifies the destination IP address.

Netmask

Specifies the subnet mask for this IP address.

Gateway

Specifies the IP address of the router that connects the LAN to an outside network.

Metric

Specifies a “cost” for accessing the neighboring network.

Interface

Specifies the designated network interface for this routing rule.

NAT Settings/Port Forwarding (For Client-Router Mode Only)

Network Address Translation (NAT) and Port Forwarding is supported in the AWK-4131A to facilitate the

Client-Router operation mode. This feature translates the outgoing communication from private IPs to external

IPs (WAN IP).

Setting Description Factory Default

NAT mode Enable (N-1 NAT or 1-1 NAT) or disable the NAT mode. Disable

Port Forwarding Enable or disable the port forwarding function Disable

N-1 NAT

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LAN IP

Specifies the “forward to” LAN IP

1-1 NAT

Setting Description

Active Click the checkbox to enable 1-1 NAT

WAN IP Specifies the “forward to” WAN IP

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Port Forwarding

Setting Description

Active Click the checkbox to enable Port Forwarding rule(s).

Protocol: Specifies the communication protocol.

WAN Port Specifies the external port to be forwarded to

LAN IP Specifies the “forward to” LAN IP

LAN Port Specifies the “forward to” LAN Port

In order to allow external devices to initiate the communication, Port Forwarding is used to specify a static map

between external ports (WAN Port) and internal IP/port combos (LAN IP/LAN Port), so as to allow external

devices to initiate connection with this device.

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MD5

SNMP Agent

The AWK-4131A supports SNMP V1/V2c/V3. SNMP V1 and SNMP V2c use a community string match for

authentication, which means that SNMP servers access all objects with read-only or read/write permissions

using the community string public/private (default value). SNMP V3, which requires you to select an

authentication level of MD5 or SHA, is the most secure protocol. You can also enable data encryption to

enhance data security.

SNMP security modes and security levels supported by the AWK-4131A are shown in the following table. Select

the security mode and level that will be used to communicate between the SNMP agent and manager.

Protocol

Version

SNMP

V1, V2c

SNMP V3 No-Auth No No Use account with admin or user to access

The following parameters can be configured on the SNMP Agent page. A more detailed explanation of each

parameter is given below the following figure.

Setting on

UI web page

V1, V2c

Read

Community

V1, V2c

Write/Read

Community

MD5 or SHA Authentication

Authentication

Type

Community string No Use a community string match for

based on MD5 or

SHA

based on MD5 or

SHA

Data

Encryption

No Provides authentication based on

Data

encryption

key

Method

authentication.

objects.

HMAC-MD5, or HMAC-SHA algorithms.

8-character passwords are the minimum

requirement for authentication.

Provides authentication based on HMAC-

or HMAC-SHA algorithms, and data

encryption key. 8-character passwords and a

data encryption key are the minimum

requirements for authentication and

encryption.

SNMP agent

Setting Description Factory Default

Enable Enables SNMP agent. Disable

Disable Disables SNMP agent.

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agent

V3 only

Remote management

Setting Description Factory Default

Enable Allow remote management via SNMP agent. Disable

Disable Disallow remote management via SNMP agent.

Read community (for V1, V2c)

Setting Description Factory Default

V1, V2c Read

Community

Write community (for V1, V2c)

Setting Description Factory Default

V1, V2c Read /Write

Community

SNMP agent version

Setting Description Factory Default

V1, V2c, V3, or

V1, V2c, or

Use a community string match with a maximum of 31

characters for authentication. This means that the SNMP

can access all objects with read-only permissions using this

community string.

Use a community string match with a maximum of 31

characters for authentication. This means that the SNMP

can accesses all objects with read/write permissions using this

community string.

Select the SNMP protocol version used to manage the switch. V1, V2c

public

private

Admin auth type (for V1, V2c, V3, and V3 only)

Setting Description Factory Default

No Auth Use admin account to access objects. No authentication. No Auth

MD5 Provide authentication based on the HMAC-MD5 algorithms.

8-character passwords are the minimum requirement for

authentication.

SHA Provides authentication based on HMAC-SHA algorithms.

8-character passwords are the minimum requirement for

authentication.

Admin private key (for V1, V2c, V3, and V3 only)

Setting Description Factory Default

Disable No data encryption. Disable

DES DES-based data encryption.

AES AES-based data encryption.

Private key

A data encryption key is the minimum requirement for data encryption (maximum of 63 characters)

Private MIB Information Device Object ID

Also known as OID. This is the AWK-4131A’s enterprise value. It is fixed.

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

Link Fault Pass-through (Client/Slave Mode Only)

This function means if Ethernet port is link down, wireless connection will be forced to disconnect. Once

Ethernet link is recovered, AWK will try to connect to AP.

If wireless is disconnected, AWK restarts auto-negotiation on Ethernet port but always stays in the link failure

state. Once the wireless connection is recovered, AWK will try to recover the Ethernet link.

System log will indicate the link fault pass through events in addition to the original link up/down events.

Link Fault Pass-Through

Setting Description Factory Default

Enable Enables Link Fault Pass-Through. Disable

Disable Disables Link Fault Pass-Through.

Logs and Notifications

Since industrial-grade devices are often located at the endpoints of a system, these devices will not always

know what is happening elsewhere on the network. This means that these devices, including wireless APs or

clients, must provide system maintainers with real-time alarm messages. Even when system administrators

are out of the control room for an extended period, they can still be informed of the status of devices almost

instantaneously when exceptions occur.

In addition to logging these events, the AWK-4131A supports different approaches to warn engineers

automatically, such as SNMP trap, e-mail, and relay output. It also supports two digital inputs to integrate

sensors into your system to automate alarms by email and relay output.

System Logs

System Log Event Types

Detailed information for grouped events is shown in the following table. Check the box for Enable logging to

enable the grouped events. All default values are enabled (checked). The log for system events can be seen in

Status

System Logs.

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(for AP/Master mode)

disconnected because of WLAN/LAN down

disables the LAN/WLAN functionality.

The channel availability check (CAC) task has been completed on

PoE transition (Off -> On)

The AWK-4131A is powered via PoE.

System-related events Event is triggered when…

System warm start The AWK-4131A is rebooted, such as when its settings are

changed (IP address, subnet mask, etc.).

System cold start The AWK-4131A is rebooted by power down.

Watchdog triggers reboot The AWK-4131A is rebooted by watchdog.

Network-related events Event is triggered when…

LAN link on The LAN port is connected to a device or network.

LAN link off The port is disconnected (e.g., the cable is pulled out, or the

opposing device shuts down).

Client joined/ left

A wireless client is associated or disassociated.

WLAN connected to AP

(for Client/Slave mode)

WLAN disconnected

(for Client/Slave mode)

RSTP changed The RSTP topology has changed

RSTP new root bridge ID The RSTP changes its root bridge ID

Client Roaming from previous AP to

current AP (for Client/Slave mode)

IP address conflict The AWK-4131A has the same IP address as another device

Link fault pass-through LAN/WLAN

connected because of WLAN/LAN up

Link fault pass-through LAN/WLAN

Channel availability check over DFS

frequency (for AP/Master mode)

AeroLink protection state The AeroLink protection state changes.

Configuration-related events Event is triggered when…

Configuration Changed A configuration item has been changed.

Configuration file import via Web Console The configuration file is imported to the AWK-4131A.

Console authentication failure An incorrect password is entered.

Firmware upgraded The AWK-4131A’s firmware is updated.

Loaded the configuration from ABC-01 The configuration is successfully loaded/there is an error loading

Saving configuration to ABC-01 The configuration is successfully saved/there is an error saving the

ABC-01 failure AWK-4131A cannot detect an ABC-01 at the console port.

Configuration reset to default The configuration is reset to factory default.

Power events Event is triggered when…

Power 1/2 transition (On -> Off) The AWK-4131A is powered down in PWR1/2.

PoE transition (On -> Off) The AWK-4131A is powered down in PoE.

Power 1/2 transition (Off -> On) The AWK-4131A is powered via PWR1/2.

The AWK-4131A is associated with an AP.

The AWK-4131A is disassociated from an AP.

A client roams from a previous AP to the current AP if the signal

strength of the current AP is greater than the previous AP by a

certain value.

connected to the same subnet.

The WLAN/LAN link is up and the Link fault pass-through (LFPT)

enables the LAN/WLAN functionality.

The WLAN/LAN link is down and the Link fault pass-through (LFPT)

The channel availability check (CAC) is started on channel

[channel] at [frequency] GHz for 60 sec./

channel [channel] at [frequency] GHz./

A radar signal is detected on channel [channel] at [frequency]

GHz.

AeroLink states: Initialize (init)/ Discovery/ Idle/ Negotiation

(nego)/ Back up/ Active/ Changed/ Undefined (undef)

the configuration from ABC-01.

configuration to ABC-01.

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NOTE

The

site survey stage and needs to

use a special Utility to

as a table. However, this function increases the traffic load, so

we recommend setting this function to

Syslog

This function provides the event logs for the Syslog server. The function supports up to three configurable

Syslog servers and Syslog server UDP port numbers. When an event occurs, the event will be sent as a Syslog

UDP packet to the specified Syslog servers.

Syslog Event Types

Detailed information for the grouped events is shown in the following table. Check the box for Enable logging

to enable the grouped events. All default values are enabled (checked). Detail for each event group is available

in the System Log Event Types section.

Syslog Server Settings

You can configure the parameters for your Syslog servers in this page.

Syslog server 1/ 2/ 3

Setting Description Factory Default

IP address Enter the IP address of the 1st/ 2nd/ 3rd Syslog Server. None

Syslog port

Setting Description Factory Default

Port destination

(1 to 65535)

Enter the UDP port of the corresponding Syslog server. 514

RSSI report events (Only for Client mode) function is useful during the

retrieve the RSSI values

disable during normal usage.

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E-mail Notifications

Notification Event Types

Check the box for Active to enable the event items. All default values are deactivated (unchecked). Detail for

each event group is available in the System Log Event Types section.

E-mail Server Settings

You can set up to 4 e-mail addresses to receive alarm emails from the AWK-4131A. The following parameters

can be configured on the E-mail Server Settings page. In addition, a Send Test Mail button can be used to

test whether the Mail server and e-mail addresses work well. More detailed explanations about these

parameters are given after the following figure.

Mail server (SMTP)

Setting Description Factory Default

IP address The IP Address of your email server. None

User name & Password

Setting Description Factory Default

User name and password used in the SMTP server. None

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mail address which will be shown in

From e-mail address

Setting Description Factory Default

Max. 63 characters Enter the administrator’s e-

the “From” field of a warning e-mail.

To E-mail address 1/ 2/ 3/ 4

Setting Description Factory Default

Max. 63 characters Enter the receivers’ e-mail addresses. None

None

Relay

The AWK-4131A has one relay output, which consists of 2 terminal block contacts on the AWK-4131A’s top

panel. These relay contacts are used to indicate user-configured events and system failure.

The two wires attached to the relay contacts form an open circuit when a user-configured event is triggered. If

a user-configured event does not occur, the relay circuit will remain closed. For safety reasons, the relay circuit

is kept open when the AWK-4131A is not powered.

Relay Event Types

Trap

You can check the box for Active to enable the event items. All default values are deactivated (unchecked).

Detail for each event group is available in the System Log Event Types section.

Traps can be used to signal abnormal conditions (notifications) to a management station. This trap-driven

notification can make your network more efficient.

Because a management station usually takes care of a large number of devices that have a large number of

objects, it will be overloading for the management station to poll or send requests to query every object on

every device. It would be better if the managed device agent could notify the management station by sending

a message known as a trap for the event.

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Trap Event Types

SNMP Trap Receiver Settings

SNMP traps are defined in SMIv1 MIBs (SNMPv1) and SMIv2 MIBs (SNMPv2c). The two styles are basically

equivalent, and it is possible to convert between the two. You can set the parameters for SNMP trap receivers

through the web page.

1st / 2nd trap version

Setting Description Factory Default

V1 SNMP trap defined in SNMPv1 V1

V2 SNMP trap defined in SNMPv2

1st / 2nd trap server IP/name

Setting Description Factory Default

IP address or host

name

1st / 2nd trap community

Setting Description Factory Default

Max. of 31 characters Use a community string match with a maximum of 31

Enter the IP address or name of the trap server used by your

network.

characters for authentication.

None

Alert

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Status

Wireless LAN Status

The status for 802.11 Information parameters, such as Operation mode and Channel, are shown on the

Wireless Status page. The status will refresh every 5 seconds if the Auto refresh box is checked.

Certain values for 802.11 Information may not show up due to different operation modes. As a result,

Current BSSID, Signal strength, and SNR are not available in AP mode.

It is helpful to use the continuously updated information on this page, such as Signal strength, Noise floor,

and SNR, to monitor the signal strength of the AWK-4131A in Client mode.

Associated Client List (for AP/Master Mode Only)

The Associated Client List shows all the clients that are currently associated with a particular AWK-4131A. This

page provides useful information for easier network diagnosis:

MAC Address: Displays the associated client MAC address. If DHCP server is enabled on this AP/Master, the IP

address will also be displayed.

Connection Duration: States how long the client has been connecting to this AP/Master.

SNR: States the Signal-Noise Ratio of the associated client. This is especially useful for identifying a weak

signal client that is potentially reducing the overall wireless performance.

Tx (Bytes/Pkts): Records the AP-to-client traffic after a client is associated.

Rx (Bytes/Pkts): Records the client-to-AP traffic after a client is associated.

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DHCP Client List (For AP Mode Only)

The DHCP Client List shows all the clients that require and have successfully received IP assignments. You can

click the Refresh button to refresh the list.

You can press Select all button to select all content in the list for further editing.

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System Logs

Triggered events are recorded in System Log. You can export the log contents to an available viewer by clicking

Export Log. You can use the Clear Log button to clear the log contents and the Refresh button to refresh the

log.

Relay Status

The status of user-configurable events can be found under Relay Status. The status will refresh every 5

seconds if the Auto refresh box is checked.

If an event is triggered, it will be noted on this list. System administrators can click Acknowledge Event when

he has acknowledged the event and addressed it.

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NOTE

When a node is in Backup state, the STATE LED will be blinking.

DI and Power Status

The status of power inputs and digital inputs is shown on this web page. The status will refresh every 5 seconds

if the Auto refresh box is checked.

AeroLink Protection Status (Client/Slave Mode Only)

After you have enabled AeroLink Protection in the Advanced WLAN Setup panel, the current state of the

AeroLink Protection is displayed here for easy diagnosis.

A member of the AeroLink Protection group can take one of the following seven states:

• Initiation State (Init): Initiates the AeroLink Protection Protocol

• Discovering State (Discover): Discovers other AeroLink Protection members for further negotiation

• Idle State (Idle): Internal protocol checkpoint

• Negotiation State (Nego): Negotiates with other AeroLink Protection members and elects an Active

node.

• Backup State (Backup): After negotiation, this node is assigned as a Backup node. All traffic will go

through the Active node instead.

• Active State (Active): After negotiation, this node is assigned as Active node, which means that all traffic

will go through this node.

• Role Change State (Change): If the Active node is no longer capable of data transmission via the WLAN,

it will turn into Change State to trigger the re-negotiation of the Active node from the Backup nodes.

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NOTE

A CPU overload can result in a watchdog

firewall rules (IP/MAC/Protocol filters) and traffic PPS (packet per second) contribute to the rise in CPU usage.

System Status

The system status section indicates the status of the device memory and CPU usage in the current device.

Network Status

The network status section indicates the network status of the device with respect to ARP, bridge status, LLDP,

RSTP, and the routing table.

ARP Table

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) Table - indicates the current IP to MAC address mapping for the device.

-triggered reboot of the system. Factors such as a high number of

Bridge Status

Indicates the current status of the network bridge on the device. The interfaces and the corresponding MAC

addresses in this section are the entry points for ingress traffic.

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LLDP Status

Displays information on neighboring devices collected via LLDP (Link Layer Discovery Protocol).

Routing Table

Displays the routing information for the current device.

RSTP Status

Displays the Spanning Tree Protocol parameters configured.

Maintenance

Maintenance functions provide the administrator with tools to manage the AWK-4131A and wired/wireless

networks.

Console Settings

You can enable or disable access permission for the following consoles: HTTP, HTTPS, Telnet, and SSH. For

higher security, we recommend that you only allow access to the two secured consoles, HTTPS and SSH.

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ATTENTION

Please make sure the power source is stable when you

firmware. An unexpected power breakup

may damage your

Ping

Ping helps to diagnose the integrity of wired or wireless networks. By inputting a node’s IP address in the

Destination field, you can use the ping command to make sure it exists and whether or not the access path

is available.

If the node and access path are available, you will see that all packets were successfully transmitted with no

loss. Otherwise, some, or even all, packets may get lost, as shown in the following figure.

Firmware Upgrade

The AWK-4131A can be enhanced with more value-added functions by installing firmware upgrades. The latest

firmware is available at Moxa’s download center.

Before running a firmware upgrade, make sure the AWK-4131A is off-line. Click the Browse button to specify

the firmware image file and click Firmware Upgrade and Restart to start the firmware upgrade. After the

progress bar reaches 100%, the AWK-4131A will reboot itself.

When upgrading your firmware, the AWK-4131A’s other functions are forbidden.

AWK-4131A.

upgrade your

Firmware upgrade may change the current roaming configuration. Please check the roaming configuration of

the device after it reboots.

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Configuration Import and Export

You can back up or restore the AWK-4131A’s configuration using the functions available in the Configuration

Import & Export section.

In the Configuration Import section, click Browse to specify the configuration file and click on the Import

Configuration button to begin importing the configuration.

Select file

In the Configuration Export section, click the Export Configuration button and save the configuration file

onto your local storage media. The configuration file is a text file and you can view and edit it with a general

text-editing tool.

You can also back up or restore the configuration from an ABC-01 device.

You can use the SNMP MIB File Export section to export your network MIB file.

To download the configuration to the AWK device:

1. Power off the AWK.

2. Plug in the ABC-01 to the AWK’s RS-232 console.

3. Power on the AWK.

4. AWK will detect the ABC-01 during the boot up process, and download the configuration from the ABC-01

to the AWK automatically. Once the configuration downloads, the AWK will emit three short beeps if the

configuration format is correct and will then continue with the boot-up process.

5. Once the AWK has booted up successfully, it will beep two times, and the ready LED will turn a steady

green.

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Load Factory Default

Use this function to reset the AWK-4131A and roll back all settings to the factory default values. You can also

reset the hardware by pressing the reset button on the top panel of the AWK-4131A.

Account Settings

To ensure that devices located at remote sites are secure from hackers, we recommend setting up a

high-strength password the first time you configure the device.

Field Description Default setting

Minimum

password length

Password

strength check

Password

validity

Password retry

count

Lockout time The number of seconds the device’s login function will be locked

By default, passwords can be between 4 and 16 characters. For

improved security, we recommend changing the minimum

password length to at least 8 characters the first time you

configure the device.

Enable the password strength check option to ensure that users

are required to select high-strength passwords.

NOTE: See the Change Password section below for details.

The number of days after which the password must be changed.

Passwords should be updated regularly to protect against hackers.

The number of consecutive times a user can enter an incorrect

password while logging in before the device’s login function is

locked.

after n consecutive unsuccessful login attempts, where n = the

password retry count.

Disable

90 days

600 seconds

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Account name

The username of the account.

Admin

If the Confirm Password and New Password

Reset Function after 60

Click Edit to create a new, or edit an existing, user account. The items shown below can be configured.

Field Description Default Setting

Active Select Enable to enable the user account. Disable

User level Administrator: Allows the user to access the Web UI, change the

device’s configuration, and use the device’s import/export

capability.

User: Allows the user to access the Web UI, but the user will not be

able to change the device’s configuration or use the device’s

import/export capability.

Admin

New Password The password used to log in to the device. moxa

Confirm

Password

Misc. Settings

Additional settings to help you manage your AWK-4131A are available on this page.

Reset button

Setting Description Factory Default

Always Enable The AWK-4131A’s Reset button works normally. Always enable

Disable the Factory

Seconds

Retype the password.

fields do not match, you will be asked to reenter the password.

The AWK-4131A’s reset to default function will be inactive 60

seconds after the AWK-4131A finishes booting up.

N/A

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NOTE

To maintain a higher level of network security, d

assword (moxa), and be sure to change

all user account passwords

NOTE

If the Password

following password policy:

•

Changing the Password

Use the Change Password function to change the password of existing user accounts. First input the current

password, and then type the new password in the New password and Confirm password input boxes.

regularly.

The password must contain at least one digit: 0, 1, 2, …, 9.

The password must contain both upper and lower case letters:

A, B, …, Z, a, b, …, z.

The password must contain at least one of the following special characters:

~!@#$%^-_:,.<>[]{}

The password cannot contain the following special characters:

` ' " | ; &

The password must have more characters than the minimum password length (default = 4).

-strength test option is enabled, you will be prompted to use passwords that adhere to the

o not use the default p

Troubleshooting

This feature allows you to quickly obtain the current system status and provide diagnostics information to Moxa

engineers.

To export the current device information, click Export.

For cases where advanced troubleshooting is required, contact a Moxa engineer who can provide you with an

encrypted script file. The encrypted script file can capture additional details on the system.

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hen the size of

To run the script, browse to and select the script file using Browse and click Run Script after you have filled

in the following details:

Setting Description

Diagnostic script Use the Browse button to select the Moxa diagnosis script file.

Export diagnostic results Select if you want to export:

• to a file

• to a TFTP server

TFTP server IP If you have selected the TFTP option, specify the IP address of the TFTP

server.

Diagnostic script name Displays the name of the script file

Last start time Displays the start time of the last script execution

Last end time Displays the end time of the last script execution

Diagnostic status Displays the progress of the system diagnostics

Diagnostic result Displays the result of the system diagnostics.

If you have selected the export to a file option, the system log is encrypted

and packed into a file. The limit on the log file size is 1 MB. W

the log file reaches 1MB another file is created. A maximum of 5 files (5MB)

will be kept for downloading. When the number of files exceeds five, the

oldest file is deleted.

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Save Configuration

The following figure shows how the AWK-4131A stores the setting changes into volatile and non-volatile

memory. All data stored in volatile memory will disappear when the AWK-4131A is shutdown or rebooted.

Because the AWK-4131A starts up and initializes with the settings stored in flash memory, all new changes

must be saved to flash memory before restarting the AWK-4131A.

This also means the new changes will not work unless you run either the Save Configuration function or the

Restart function.

After you click on Save Configuration in the left menu box, the following screen will appear. Click Save if you

wish to update the configuration settings in the flash memory at this time. Alternatively, you may choose to run

other functions and put off saving the configuration until later. However, the new setting changes will remain

in the non-volatile memory until you save the configurations.

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Restart

If you submitted configuration changes, you will find a blinking string in the upper right corner of the screen.

After making all your changes, click the Restart function in the left menu box. One of two different screens will

appear.

If you made changes recently but did not save, you will be given two options. Clicking the Restart button here

will reboot the AWK-4131A directly, and all setting changes will be ignored. Clicking the Save and Restart

button will apply all setting changes and then reboot the AWK-4131A.

If you run the Restart function without changing any configurations or saving all your changes, you will see

just one Restart button on your screen.

You will not be able to run any of the AWK-4131A’s functions while the system is rebooting.

Logout

Logout helps users disconnect the current HTTP or HTTPS session and go to the Login page. For security

reasons, we recommend you logout before quitting the console manager.



4. Software Installation/Configuration

The following topics are covered in this chapter:

Overview

Wireless Search Utility

 Installing Wireless Search Utility

 Configuring Wireless Search Utility

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Overview

The Wireless Search Utility can be downloaded from the Moxa website at www.moxa.com.

Wireless Search Utility

Installing Wireless Search Utility

Once the Wireless Search Utility is downloaded, run the setup executable to start the installation.

1. Click Next when the Welcome screen opens to proceed with the installation.

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2. Click Next to install program files to the default directory, or click Browse to select an alternate location.

3. Click Next to create the program’s shortcut files to the default directory, or click Browse to select an

alternate location.

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4. Click Next to select additional tasks.

5. Click Next to proceed with the installation. The installer then displays a summary of the installation options.

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6. Click Install to begin the installation. The setup window will report the progress of the installation. To

change the installation settings, click Back and navigate to the previous screen.

7. Click Finish to complete the installation of Wireless Search Utility.

Configuring Wireless Search Utility

The Broadcast Search function is used to locate all AWK-4131A APs that are connected to the same LAN as your

computer. After locating an AWK-4131A, you will be able to change its IP address. Since the Broadcast Search

function searches by TCP packet and not IP address, it doesn’t matter if the AWK-4131A is configured as an AP

or Client. In either case, APs and Clients connected to the LAN will be located, regardless of whether or not they

are part of the same subnet as the host.

1. Start the Wireless Search Utility program. When the Login page appears, select the “Device Search only”

option to search for devices and to view the configuration of each device. Select the “Device management”

option to assign IPs, upgrade firmware, and locate devices.

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2. Open the Wireless Search Utility and then click the Search icon.

3. The “Searching” window indicates the progress of the search. When the search is complete, all AWKs that

were located will be displayed in the Wireless Search Utility window.

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4. Click Locate to cause the selected device to beep.

5. Make sure your AWK is unlocked before using the search utility’s icons setting. The AWK will unlock

automatically if the password is set to the default. Otherwise you must enter the new password manually.

6. Go to Tools  Login Options to manage and unlock additional AWKs.

7. Use the scroll down list to select the MAC addresses of those AWKs you would like to manage, and then click

Add. Key in the password for the AWK device and then click OK to save. If you return to the search page

and search for the AWK again, you will find that the AWK will unlock automatically.

AirWorks AWK-4131A Software Installation/Configuration

4-8

ATTENTION

For security purposes, we suggest you can change the Wireless Search Utility login password instead of using

the default.

To modify the configuration of the highlighted AWK, click on the Web icon to open the web console. This will

take you to the web console, where you can make all configuration changes. Refer to Chapter 3, “Using the Web

Console,” for information on how to use the web console.

AirWorks AWK-4131A Software Installation/Configuration

4-9

Click on Telnet if you would like to use telnet to configure your AWKs.

Click Assign IP to change the IP setting.

AirWorks AWK-4131A Software Installation/Configuration

4-10

The three advanced options—Search, Connection, and Miscellaneous—are explained below:

• Retry count (default=5): Indicates how many times the search will be retried automatically.

• Retry interval (ms): The time elapsed between retries.

Connection

• Connection timeout (secs): Use this option to set the waiting time for the Default Login, Locate,

Assign IP, Upload Firmware, and Unlock to complete.

• Upgrade timeout (secs): Use this option to set the waiting time for the connection to disconnect while the

firmware is upgrading. Use this option to set the waiting time for the Firmware to write to flash.

Misc.

Search on start: Checkmark this box if you would like the search function to start searching for devices after

you log in to the Wireless Search Utility.



5. Other Console Configurations

This chapter explains how to access the AWK-4131A for the first time. In addition to HTTP access, there are four

ways to access AWK-4131A: serial console, Telnet console, SSH console, and HTTPS console. The serial console

connection method, which requires using a short serial cable to connect the AWK-4131A to a PC’s COM port,

can be used if you do not know the AWK-4131A’s IP address. The other consoles can be used to access the

AWK-4131A over an Ethernet LAN, or over the Internet.

The following topics are covered in this chapter:

RS-232 Console Configuration (115200, None, 8, 1, VT100)

Configuration by Telnet and SSH Consoles

Configuration by Web Browser with HTTPS/SSL

Disabling Telnet and Browser Access

AirWorks AWK-4131A Other Console Configurations

5-2

ATTENTION

Do not use the RS

48VDC),

even though reverse voltage protection is supported. If you need to connect the

voltage, Moxa’s TCC

NOTE

We recommend using

Terminal Emulator, which can be downloaded free of charge from

Moxa’s website.

RS-232 Console Configuration (115200, None, 8, 1, VT100)

The serial console connection method, which requires using a short serial cable to connect the AWK-4131A to

a PC’s COM port, can be used if you do not know the AWK-4131A’s IP address. It is also convenient to use serial

console configurations when you cannot access the AWK-4131A over Ethernet LAN, such as in the case of LAN

cable disconnections or broadcast storming over the LAN.

Before running the PComm Terminal Emulator, use an RJ45 to DB9-F (or RJ45 to DB25-F) cable to connect the

AWK-4131A’s RS-232 console port to your PC’s COM port (generally COM1 or COM2, depending on how your

system is set up). After installing PComm Terminal Emulator, take the following steps to access the RS-232

console utility.

1. From the Windows desktop, open the Start menu and start PComm Terminal Emulator in the PComm

(Lite) group.

2. Select Open under Port Manager to open a new connection.

-232 console manager when the AWK-4131A is powered at reversed voltage (ex. -

RS-232 console at reverse

-82 isolator is your best solution.

Moxa PComm (Lite)

3. The Communication Parameter page of the Property window opens. Select the appropriate COM port for

Console Connection, 115200 for Baud Rate, 8 for Data Bits, None for Parity, and 1 for Stop Bits.

AirWorks AWK-4131A Other Console Configurations

5-3

NOTE

To modify the appearance of the PComm Terminal Emulator window, select

and then choose the

desired formatting options.

ATTENTION

If you unplug the RS-232 cable or trigger DTR, you will automatically be logged out for network security. You

will need to log in again to resume operation.

NOTE

The

and the default subnet mask is 255.255.255.0 (for

a Class C network). If you do not set these values properly, please check the network settings of your PC host

and then change the IP address to 192.168.127.xxx and subnet mask to 255.255.255.0.

4. Click on the Terminal tab, and select VT100 (or ANSI) for Terminal Type. Click on OK to continue.

5. The Console login screen will appear. Log into the RS-232 console with the login name (default: admin)

and password (default: moxa, if no new password is set).

6. The AWK-4131A’s device information and Main Menu will be displayed. Please follow the description on

screen and select the administration option you wish to perform.

Edit  Font

Configuration by Telnet and SSH Consoles

You may use Telnet or SSH client to access the AWK-4131A and manage the console over a network. To access

the AWK-4131A’s functions over the network from a PC host that is connected to the same LAN as the

AWK-4131A, you need to make sure that the PC host and the AWK-4131A are on the same logical subnet. To

do this, check your PC host’s IP address and subnet mask.

AWK-4131A’s default IP address is 192.168.127.253

AirWorks AWK-4131A Other Console Configurations

5-4

Follow the steps below to access the console utility via Telnet or SSH client.

1. From Windows Desktop, run Start  Run, and then use Telnet to access the AWK-4131A’s IP address from

the Windows Run window. (You may also issue the telnet command from the MS-DOS prompt.)

When using SSH client (ex. PuTTY), please run the client program (ex. putty.exe) and then input the

AWK-4131A’s IP address, specifying 22 for the SSH connection port.

2. The Console login screen will appear. Please refer to the previous paragraph “RS-232 Console Configuration”

and for login and administration.

Configuration by Web Browser with HTTPS/SSL

To secure your HTTP access, the AWK-4131A supports HTTPS/SSL encryption for all HTTP traffic. Perform the

following steps to access the AWK-4131A’s web browser interface via HTTPS/SSL.

1. Open your web browser and type https://<AWK-4131A’s IP address> in the address field. Press Enter to

establish the connection.

AirWorks AWK-4131A Other Console Configurations

5-5



2. Warning messages are displayed to warn users that the security certificate was issued by a company they

have not chosen to trust.

Select Yes to accept the certificate issued by Moxa IW and then enter the AWK-4131A’s web browser

interface secured via HTTPS/SSL. (You can see the protocol in URL is https.) Then you can use the menu

tree on the left side of the window to open the function pages to access each of the AWK-4131A’s functions.

Disabling Telnet and Browser Access

If you are connecting the AWK-4131A to a public network but do not intend to use its management functions

over the network, then we suggest disabling both Telnet Console and Web Configuration. Please run

Maintenance

Console Settings to disable them, as shown in the following figure.



A. References

This chapter provides more detailed information about wireless-related technologies. The information in this

chapter can help you administer your AWK-4131As and plan your industrial wireless network better.

The following topics are covered in this appendix:

AeroLink Protection

Beacon

DTIM

Fragment

RTS Threshold

STP and RSTP

 The STP/RSTP Concept

 Differences between RSTP and STP

AirWorks AWK-4131A References

A-2

AeroLink Protection

In industrial applications, such as communication between off-shore oil platforms, or train-to-ground

communications, a reliable wireless bridge is essential to minimize system downtime and maximize system

availability. Moxa’s AeroLink Protection provides a reliable wireless bridge between two networks to form

network-level redundancy.

1. Communication Failover: AeroLink Protection members can negotiate with each other to automatically

elect an Active node for data communication. If the Active node is no long capable of sending data to its

access point, it will inform other Backup nodes to resume the communication via another path.

2. Frequency-Interference Failover: This concept is similar to the previous model. If the communication

frequency experiences interference and data can no longer be transmitted over the Active frequency, it will

resume the connection via another Backup frequency.

3. Device Failover: After covering the communication and frequency failures, in order to provide a

single-point-of-failure free wireless network, AeroLink Protection also checks the device status. If the Active

node has a power failure, the Backup nodes will automatically resume the wireless communication.

4. Scalable: AeroLink Protection is designed to allow scalable backup paths so that users can realize complete

wireless redundancy from all of the above failure types by increasing the number of backup nodes.

Moxa AWK-4131A User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual