MOTOROLA LM2931 Technical data

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The LM2931 series consists of positive fixed and adjustable output
voltage regulators that are specifically designed to maintain proper
regulation with an extremely low input–to–output voltage differential. These
devices are capable of supplying output currents in excess of 100 mA and
feature a low bias current of 0.4 mA at 10 mA output.

Designed primarily to survive in the harsh automotive environment, these
devices will protect all external load circuitry from input fault conditions
caused by reverse battery connection, two battery jump starts, and
excessive line transients during load dump. This series also includes internal
current limiting, thermal shutdown, and additionally, is able to withstand
temporary power–up with mirror–image insertion.

Due to the low dropout voltage and bias current specifications, the
LM2931 series is ideally suited for battery powered industrial and consumer
equipment where an extension of useful battery life is desirable. The ‘C’
suffix adjustable output regulators feature an output inhibit pin which is
extremely useful in microprocessor–based systems.

• Input–to–Output Voltage Differential of < 0.6 V @ 100 mA

• Output Current in Excess of 100 mA

• Low Bias Current

• 60 V Load Dump Protection

• –50 V Reverse Transient Protection

• Internal Current Limiting with Thermal Shutdown

• Temporary Mirror–Image Protection

• Ideally Suited for Battery Powered Equipment

• Economical 5–Lead TO–220 Package with T wo Optional Leadforms

• Available in Surface Mount SOP–8, D

• High Accuracy (±2%) Reference (LM2931AC) Available

(See Following Page for Ordering Information.)

2

P AK and DPAK Packages

LOW DROPOUT

VOLTAGE REGULATORS

FIXED OUTPUT VOLTAGE

Z SUFFIX

PLASTIC PACKAGE

CASE 29

1

2

3

T SUFFIX

PLASTIC PACKAGE

CASE 221A

Heatsink surface

connected to Pin 2.

1

3

DT SUFFIX

PLASTIC PACKAGE

CASE 369A

(DPAK)

D2T SUFFIX

PLASTIC PACKAGE

CASE 936

(D2PAK)

Heatsink surface (shown as terminal 4 in

case outline drawing) is connected to Pin 2.

1

2

3

1

2

DT–1 SUFFIX

PLASTIC PACKAGE

CASE 369

(DPAK)

2

1

3

Pin 1. Output

2. Ground

3. Input

Pin 1. Input

2. Ground

3. Output

3

FIXED

N.C.
Gnd

Input

Output

Inhibit

Gnd

Input

54

(Top View)

ADJUSTABLE

54

(Top View)

N.C.
Gnd

Output18

Adjust
Gnd
Output18

8

D SUFFIX

PLASTIC PACKAGE

CASE 751

(SOP–8)

1

MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA

ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT VOLTAGE

TH SUFFIX

PLASTIC PACKAGE

CASE 314A

1

5

TV SUFFIX

PLASTIC PACKAGE

CASE 314B

T SUFFIX

PLASTC PACKAGE

CASE 314D

Heatsink surface connected to Pin 3.

1

1

5

 Motorola, Inc. 1997 Rev 4

Pin 1. Adjust

2. Output Inhibit

3. Ground

4. Input

5. Output

1

5

5

D2T SUFFIX

PLASTIC PACKAGE

CASE 936A

(D2PAK)

Heatsink surface (shown as

terminal 6 in case outline

drawing) is connected to Pin 3.

1

LM2931 Series

±3.8%

5.0 V

j

ORDERING INFORMATION

Output

Device

LM2931AD–5.0
LM2931ADT–5.0
LM2931ADT–1–5.0
LM2931AD2T–5.0
LM2931A T–5.0
LM2931AZ–5.0
LM2931D–5.0
LM2931D2T–5.0
LM2931DT–5.0
LM2931DT–1–5.0
LM2931T–5.0
LM2931Z–5.0
LM2931CD
LM2931CD2T
LM2931CT
LM2931CTH
LM2931CTV 314B 5–Pin Vertical Leadform
LM2931ACD
LM2931ACD2T
LM2931ACT
LM2931ACTH 314A 5–Pin Horizontal Leadform
LM2931ACTV 314B 5–Pin Vertical Leadform

Voltage Tolerance

±5.0%

Adjustable

Adjustable ±2.0%

Case Package

751 SOP–8 Surface Mount

369A Surface Mount DPAK

369 DPAK
936 Surface Mount D2PAK

221A TO–220 Type

29 TO–92 Type
751 SOP–8 Surface Mount
936 Surface Mount D2PAK

369A Surface Mount DPAK

369 DPAK

221A TO–220 Type

29 TO–92 Type
751 SOP–8 Surface Mount

936A Surface Mount D2PAK
314D 5–Pin TO–220 Type
314A 5–Pin Horizontal Leadform

751 SOP–8 Surface Mount

936A Surface Mount D2PAK
314D 5–Pin TO–220 Type

Input

Output

30 k *

Adjust

92.8 k *

Ground

*Deleted on Adjustable Regulators

6.0

30 k

3.94 k

3.0 k

11.5 k

Representative Schematic Diagram

6.0 k

350

500

30 k

EPI
Bias

This device contains 26 active transistors.

50 k

30 k

Output

Inhibit

35 k

6.8 V

48 k

180 k 184 k

10 k

5.8 V

2

MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA

LM2931 Series

MAXIMUM RATINGS

Rating Symbol Value Unit

Input Voltage Continuous V

I

Transient Input V oltage (τ ≤100 ms) VI(τ) 60 Vpk
Transient Reverse Polarity Input V oltage –VI(τ) –50– Vpk

1.0% Duty Cycle, τ ≤ 100 ms

Power Dissipation
Case 29 (TO–92 Type)

TA = 25°C P
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Ambient R
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Case R

D

θJA
θJC

Case 221A, 314A, 314B and 314D (TO–220 T ype)

TA = 25°C P
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Ambient R
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Case R

D

θJA
θJC

Case 369 and 369A (DPAK) [Note 1]

TA = 25°C P
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Ambient R
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Case R

D

θJA
θJC

Case 751 (SOP–8) [Note 2]

TA = 25°C P
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Ambient R
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Case R

D

θJA
θJC

Case 936 and 936A (D2PAK) [Note 3]

TA = 25°C P
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Ambient R
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Case R

Tested Operating Junction Temperature Range T
Storage Temperature Range T

NOTES: 1. DPAK Junction–to–Ambient Thermal Resistance is for vertical mounting. Refer to Figure 24 for

board mounted Thermal Resistance.

2.SOP–8 Junction–to–Ambient Thermal Resistance is for minimum recommended pad size. Refer
to Figure 23 for Thermal Resistance variation versus pad size.

3.D2PAK Junction–to–Ambient Thermal Resistance is for vertical mounting. Refer to Figure 25 for
board mounted Thermal Resistance.

4.ESD data available upon request.

D

θJA
θJC

J

stg

40 Vdc

Internally Limited W

178 °C/W

83 °C/W

Internally Limited W

65 °C/W

5.0 °C/W

Internally Limited W

92 °C/W

6.0 °C/W

Internally Limited W

160 °C/W

25 °C/W

Internally Limited W

70 °C/W

5.0 °C/W

–40 to +125 °C
–65 to +150 °C

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (V

= 14 V, IO = 10 mA, CO = 100 µF, C

in

= 0.3 Ω, TJ = 25°C [Note 1].)

O(ESR)

LM2931–5.0 LM2931A–5.0

Characteristic Symbol

Min Typ Max Min Typ Max

Unit

FIXED OUTPUT

Output Voltage V

O

V
Vin = 14 V, IO = 10 mA, TJ = 25°C 4.75 5.0 5.25 4.81 5.0 5.19
Vin = 6.0 V to 26 V, IO ≤ 100 mA, TJ = –40° to +125°C 4.50 – 5.50 4.75 – 5.25

Line Regulation Reg

line

mV
Vin = 9.0 V to 16 V – 2.0 10 – 2.0 10
Vin = 6.0 V to 26 V – 4.0 30 – 4.0 30

Load Regulation (IO = 5.0 mA to 100 mA) Reg
Output Impedance Z

load
O

– 14 50 – 14 50 mV

mΩ
IO = 10 mA, ∆IO = 1.0 mA, f = 100 Hz to 10 kHz – 200 – – 200 –

Bias Current I

B

mA
Vin = 14 V, IO = 100 mA, TJ = 25°C – 5.8 30 – 5.8 30
Vin = 6.0 V to 26 V, IO = 10 mA, TJ = –40° to +125°C – 0.4 1.0 – 0.4 1.0

Output Noise Voltage (f = 10 Hz to 100 kHz) V

n

– 700 – – 700 – µVrms

Long Term Stability S – 20 – – 20 – mV/kHR

NOTES: 1. Low duty cycle pulse techniques are used during test to maintain junction temperature as close to ambient as possible.

2.The reference voltage on the adjustable device is measured from the output to the adjust pin across R1.

MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA

3

LM2931 Series

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Characteristic Symbol

FIXED OUTPUT

Ripple Rejection (f = 120 Hz) RR 60 90 – 60 90 – dB
Dropout Voltage VI–V

IO = 10 mA – 0.015 0.2 – 0.015 0.2
IO = 100 mA – 0.16 0.6 – 0.16 0.6

Over–Voltage Shutdown Threshold V
Output Voltage with Reverse Polarity Input (Vin = –15 V) –V

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (V

Characteristic Symbol Min Typ Max Min Typ Typ Unit

ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT

Reference Voltage (Note 2, Figure 18) V

IO = 10 mA, TJ = 25°C 1.14 1.20 1.26 1.17 1.20 1.23
IO ≤ 100 mA, TJ = –40 to +125°C 1.08 – 1.32 1.15 – 1.25

Output Voltage Range VO

Line Regulation (Vin = VO + 0.6 V to 26 V) Reg
Load Regulation (IO = 5.0 mA to 100 mA) Reg
Output Impedance Z

IO = 10 mA, ∆IO = 1.0 mA, f = 10 Hz to 10 kHz – 40 – – 40 –

Bias Current I

IO = 100 mA – 6.0 – – 6.0 –
IO = 10 mA – 0.4 1.0 – 0.4 1.0

Output Inhibited (V

Adjustment Pin Current I

Output Noise Voltage (f = 10 Hz to 100 kHz) V
Long–Term Stability S – 0.4 – – 0.4 – %/kHR
Ripple Rejection (f = 120 Hz) RR 0.10 0.003 – 0.10 0.003 – %/V
Dropout Voltage VI–V

IO = 10 mA – 0.015 0.2 – 0.015 0.2
IO = 100 mA – 0.16 0.6 – 0.16 0.6

Over–Voltage Shutdown Threshold V
Output Voltage with Reverse Polarity Input (Vin = –15 V) –V
Output Inhibit Threshold Voltages V

Output “On”: TJ = 25°C – 2.15 1.90 – 2.15 1.90

Output “Off”: TJ = 25°C 2.50 2.26 – 2.50 2.26 –

Output Inhibit Threshold Current (V

NOTES: 1. Low duty cycle pulse techniques are used during test to maintain junction temperature as close to ambient as possible.

2.The reference voltage on the adjustable device is measured from the output to the adjust pin across R1.

= 2.5 V) – 0.2 1.0 – 0.2 1.0

th(OI)

TJ = –40° to +125°C – – 1.20 – – 1.20

TJ = –40° to +125°C 3.25 – – 3.25 – –

(Vin = 14 V, IO = 10 mA, CO = 100 µF, C

th(OV)

O

= 14 V, IO = 10 mA, CO = 100 µF, C

in

ref

range

line
load
O

B

Adj

n

th(OV)

O

th(OI)

= 2.5 V) I

th(OI)

th(OI)

= 0.3 Ω, TJ = 25°C [Note 1].)

O(ESR)

LM2931–5.0 LM2931A–5.0

Min Typ Max Min Typ Max

O

26 29.5 40 26 29.5 40 V

–0.3 0 – –0.3 0 – V

= 0.3 Ω, TJ = 25°C [Note 1].)

O(ESR)

LM2931C LM2931AC

3.0 to242.7 to

29.5
– 0.2 1.5 – 0.2 1.5 mV/V
– 0.3 1.0 – 0.3 1.0 %/V

– 0.2 – – 0.2 – µA
– 140 – – 140 – µVrms/V

O

26 29.5 40 26 29.5 40 V

–0.3 0 – –0.3 0 – V

– 30 50 – 30 50 µA

– 3.0 to242.7 to

29.5

Unit

– V

mΩ/V

mA

V

V

V

V

4

MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA

LM2931 Series

Figure 1. Dropout Voltage versus Output Current

200

Vin = 14 V

∆

V

= 100 mV

out

°

C

TJ = 25

0 20 40 60 80 100

IO, OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)

, DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV)V
–V

160

120

80

40

in O

0

300

Vin = 14 V

∆

V

200

100

, DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV)V
–V

in O

0

0 25 50 75 100 125

Junction T emperature

= 100 mV

out

TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C)

IO = 100 mA

IO = 50 mA

IO = 10 mA

Figure 3. Peak Output Current versus Input Voltage Figure 4. Output Voltage versus Input Voltage

Figure 2. Dropout Voltage versus

350

250

TJ = –40°C

TJ = 25°C

TJ = 85°C

6.0

5.0

4.0

3.0

V

= 5.0 V

out

TA = 25

°

C

150

, OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)

O

I

50

0 5.0 10 15 20 25 30

Dashed lines below Vin = 5.0 V
are for Adjustable output devices only.

Vin, INPUT VOLTAGE (V)

2.0

, OUTPUT VOL TAGE (V)

O

V

1.0

0

RL = 50

Ω

0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0

IO = 100 mA

Vin, INPUT VOLTAGE (V)

Figure 5. Output V oltage versus Input Voltage Figure 6. Load Dump Characteristics

6.0

5.0

4.0

3.0

2.0

, OUTPUT VOL TAGE (V)

O

V

1.0

0
–20 –10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Vin, INPUT VOLTAGE (V)

VCC = 15 V
V

= 5.05 V

FB1

V

= 5.0 V

out

Ω

RL = 500
TA = 25°C

(10 V/DIV)

, INPUT VOLTAGE, OUTPUT VOL TAGE

in

V

0

0

(5.0 V/DIV)

O

V

t, TIME (50 ms/DIV)

V

= 5.0 V

out

Ω

RL = 50
CO = 100 µF

τ

= 150 ms

°

C

TA = 25

MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA

5

LM2931 Series

Figure 7. Bias Current versus Input Voltage

12

10

8.0
RL = 50

6.0

4.0

, BIAS CURRENT (mA)

B

I

2.0

0

–20 –10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60

RL = 100
RL = 500

Vin, INPUT VOLTAGE (V)

Ω

Ω
Ω

V

= 5.0 V

out

TJ = 25

°

C

Figure 8. Bias Current versus Output Current

8.0

6.0

4.0

, BIAS CURRENT (mA)

B

I

2.0

0

0 20 40 60 80 100

Vin = 14 V
V

= 5.0 V

out

°

C

TJ = 25

IO, OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)

Figure 9. Bias Current versus Junction T emperature Figure 10. Output Impedance versus Frequency

8.0
Vin = 14 V

V

= 5.0 V

IO = 100 mA

6.0

4.0

, BIAS CURRENT (mA)

B

2.0

I

0

–55 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125

IO = 50 mA

IO = 0 mA

TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C)

out

2.0
Vin = 14 V

V

= 5.0 V

Ω

, OUTPUT IMPEDANCE ( )

O

I

out

1.6

IO = 10 mA
DIO = 1.0 mA

µ

CO = 100

1.2

TJ = 25

0.8

0.4

0

10 100 1.0 k 10 k 100 k 1.0 M 10 M

F

°

C

C

= 0.15

O(ESR)

C

= 0.3

O(ESR)

Electrolytic

f, FREQUENCY (Hz)

Ω

Tantulum

Ω

Figure 11. Ripple Rejection versus Frequency Figure 12. Ripple Rejection versus Output Current

95

85

C

= 0.15

O(ESR)

Vin = 14 V

75

V

= 5.0 V

out

DVin = 100 mV

Ω

RL = 500
CO = 100 µF

65

RR, RIPPLE REJECTION RATIO (dB)

55

10 100 1.0 k 1.0 M 10 M

TJ = 25

°

C

C

= 0.3

O(ESR)

Electrolytic

10 k 100 k

f, FREQUENCY (Hz)

Tantulum

Ω

6

Ω

95

85

Vin = 14 V
V

= 5.0 V

75

RR, RIPPLE REJECTION RATIO (dB)

65

out

f = 120 Hz

°

C

TJ = 25

0 20 40 60 80 100

IO, OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)

MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA

LM2931 Series

Figure 13. Line Regulation

, (2.0 mV/DIV)V

O

∆

18.5

OUTPUT VOLTAGE DEVIATION,

14

in

V , (V)

INPUT VOLTAGE,

t, TIME (10

µ

s/DIV)

V

= 5.0 V

out

RL = 500
CO = 100 µF
C

O(ESR)

TA = 25°C

Figure 15. Reference V oltage versus Output Voltage

1.240
LM2931C Adjustable

IO = 10 mA
Vin = V

+ 1.0 V

1.220

TA = 25

out

°

C

Ω

= 0.3

Figure 14. Load Regulation

, (2.0 mV/DIV)V

O

∆

Ω

OUTPUT VOLTAGE DEVIATION,

100

out

I (mA)

OUTPUT CURRENT,

0

µ

t, TIME (10

s/DIV)

Vin = 14 V
V

= 5.0 V

out

Cin = 1000
CO = 100 µF

C

= 0.3

O(ESR)

TA = 25°C

µ

F

Ω

Figure 16. Output Inhibit–Thresholds

versus Output Voltage

2.6
LM2931C Adjustable
IO = 10 mA

2.5

Vin = V

+ 1.0 V

2.4

TA = 25

out

°

C

Output “Off”

1.200

, REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V)

1.180

ref

V

1.160
0 3.0 6.0 9.0 12 15 18 21 24

VO, OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)

APPLICATIONS INFORMATION

The LM2931 series regulators are designed with many
protection features making them essentially blow–out proof.
These features include internal current limiting, thermal
shutdown, overvoltage and reverse polarity input protection,
and the capability to withstand temporary power–up with
mirror–image insertion. Typical application circuits for the
fixed and adjustable output device are shown in Figures 17
and 18.

The input bypass capacitor Cin is recommended if the
regulator is located an appreciable distance (≥ 4″) from the
supply input filter. This will reduce the circuit’s sensitivity to
the input line impedance at high frequencies.

This regulator series is not internally compensated and
thus requires an external output capacitor for stability. The
capacitance value required is dependent upon the load
current, output voltage for the adjustable regulator, and the
type of capacitor selected. The least stable condition is
encountered at maximum load current and minimum output
voltage. Figure 22 shows that for operation in the “Stable”
region, under the conditions specified, the magnitude of the
output capacitor impedance |ZO| must not exceed 0.4 Ω. This
limit must be observed over the entire operating temperature
range of the regulator circuit.

2.3

2.2

, OUTPUT INHIBIT-THRESHOLDS (V)

2.1

2.0

th(on/off)

0 3.0 6.0 9.0 12 15 18 21 24

V

VO, OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)

Output “On”

With economical electrolytic capacitors, cold temperature
operation can pose a serious stability problem. As the
electrolyte freezes, around –30°C, the capacitance will
decrease and the equivalent series resistance (ESR) will
increase drastically, causing the circuit to oscillate. Quality
electrolytic capacitors with extended temperature ranges of
–40° to +85°C and –55° to +105°C are readily available.
Solid tantalum capacitors may be a better choice if small size
is a requirement, however, the maximum ZO limit over
temperature must be observed.

Note that in the stable region, the output noise voltage is
linearly proportional to ZO. In effect, CO dictates the high
frequency roll–off point of the circuit. Operation in the area
titled “Marginally Stable” will cause the output of the regulator
to exhibit random bursts of oscillation that decay in an
under–damped fashion. Continuous oscillation occurs when
operating in the area titled “Unstable”. It is suggested that
oven testing of the entire circuit be performed with maximum
load, minimum input voltage, and minimum ambient
temperature.

MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA

7

LM2931 Series

Figure 17. Fixed Output Regulator Figure 18. Adjustable Output Regulator

Input

≥

6.0 V

V

in

C

in

0.1

Input

LM2931–5.0

Fixed

Output

Gnd

I

B

Figure 19. (5.0 A) Low Differential

V oltage Regulator

D45VH7

R

68

LM2931–5.0

+

100

Output

100

V

out

C

O

5.0 V @ 5.0 A
Output

+

V

in

Input

OutputInput

R

2

R

1

LM2931C

Adjustable

Output

I

B

Ǔ

)

I

Adj

Gnd

R

2

Adjust

I

22.5 k

51 k

Output

Inhibit

C

0.1

V

2

in

1

Switch Position 1 = Output “On”, 2 = Output “Off”

ǒ

+

V

1

ref

)

out

Figure 20. Current Boost Regulator with

Short Circuit Projection

R

SC

R

LM2931–5.0

++

100 100

Adj

V

out

R

1

C

O

R

2

R1R

w

2

R

)

R

1

2

Output

The LM2931 series can be current boosted with a PNP transistor. The
D45VH7, on a heatsink, will provide an output current of 5.0 A with an input
to output voltage differential of approximately 1.0 V. Resistor R in
conjunction with the VBE of the PNP determines when the pass transistor
begins conducting. This circuit is not short circuit proof.

The circuit of Figure 19 can be modified to provide supply protection against
short circuits by adding the current sense resistor RSC and an additional PNP
transistor. The current sensing PNP must be capable of handling the short
circuit current of the LM2931. Safe operating area of both transistors must be
considered under worst case conditions.

Figure 21. Constant Intensity Lamp Flasher Figure 22. Output Noise Voltage versus

Output Capacitor Impedance

Input

6.4 V to 30 V

100

100

f

= 2.2 Hz

osc

+

CM

#345

LM2931C

+

33 k

2.0 k

8.2 k

6.2 V
0

100

Vin = 5.6 V
V

= 5.0 V

out

IO = 100 mA

10

Vnrms 10 Hz to 10 MHz
|ZO| @ 40 kHz

°

C

TA = 25

1.0

0.1

, OUTPUT NOISE VOL TAGE (mVrms)

n

V

0.01
10 100 1.0 k 10 k

|ZO|, MAGNITUDE OF CAPACIT OR IMPEDANCE (mΩ)

Unstable

Marginally
Stable

Stable

8

MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA

LM2931 Series

Figure 23. SOP–8 Thermal Resistance and Maximum

Power Dissipation versus P.C.B. Copper Length

170 3.2
150

°

130
110

90
70

JA

JUNCTION–TO–AIR ( C/W)

θ

R , THERMAL RESISTANCE

50
30

02030504010

R

θ

JA

L, LENGTH OF COPPER (mm)

P

for TA = 50°C

D(max)

Graph represents symmetrical layout

2.0 oz.

L

Copper

Figure 24. DP AK Thermal Resistance and Maximum

Power Dissipation versus P.C.B. Copper Length

°

100

90

80

70

Free Air
Mounted
Vertically

Minimum
Size Pad

P

D(max)

for TA = 50°C

2.0 oz. Copper

L

2.8

2.4

2.0

1.6

3.0 mmL

L

1.2

0.8

0.4

2.4

2.0

1.6

1.2

, MAXIMUM POWER DISSIPATION (W)

D

P

60

JA

JUNCTION–TO–AIR ( C/W)

θ

R , THERMAL RESISTANCE

50

40

010203025155.0

80

70

°

60

50

JA

JUNCTION–TO–AIR ( C/W)

θ

40

R , THERMAL RESISTANCE

30

010203025155.0

R

θ

JA

L, LENGTH OF COPPER (mm)

Figure 25. 3–Pin and 5–Pin D2PAK

Thermal Resistance and Maximum Power

Dissipation versus P.C.B. Copper Length

P

for TA = 50°C

D(max)

Free Air

Mounted

Vertically

Minimum
Size Pad

R

L, LENGTH OF COPPER (mm)

θ

JA

2.0 oz. Copper
L

L

0.8

0.4

0

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

, MAXIMUM POWER DISSIPATION (W)

D

P

, MAXIMUM POWER DISSIPATION (W)

D

P

MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA

9

LM2931 Series

DEFINITIONS

Dropout V oltage – The input/output voltage dif ferential at

which the regulator output no longer maintains regulation
against further reductions in input voltage. Measured when
the output decreases 100 mV from nominal value at 14 V
input, dropout voltage is affected by junction temperature and
load current.

Line Regulation – The change in output voltage for a
change in the input voltage. The measurement is made under
conditions of low dissipation or by using pulse techniques
such that the average chip temperature is not significantly
affected.

Load Regulation – The change in output voltage for a
change in load current at constant chip temperature.

Maximum Power Dissipation – The maximum total
device dissipation for which the regulator will operate within
specifications.

Bias Current – That part of the input current that is not
delivered to the load.

Output Noise Voltage – The rms AC voltage at the
output, with constant load and no input ripple, measured over
a specified frequency range.

Long–Term Stabliity – Output voltage stability under
accelerated life test conditions with the maximum rated
voltage listed in the devices electrical characteristics and
maximum power dissipation.

10

MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA

SEATING

PLANE

R

XX

A

H

V

1

N

P

F

G

N

LM2931 Series

OUTLINE DIMENSIONS

Z SUFFIX

PLASTIC PACKAGE

CASE 29–04

(TO–92 Type)

ISSUE AD

B

L

K

D

J

C

SECTION X–X

NOTES:

1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.

2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.

3. CONTOUR OF PACKAGE BEYOND DIMENSION R
IS UNCONTROLLED.

4. DIMENSION F APPLIES BETWEEN P AND L.
DIMENSION D AND J APPLY BETWEEN L AND K
MINIMUM. LEAD DIMENSION IS UNCONTROLLED
IN P AND BEYOND DIMENSION K MINIMUM.

INCHES MILLIMETERS

MIN MINMAX MAX

DIM

A
B
C
D

G
H

K

N
P
R
V

F

J

L

0.175

0.170

0.125

0.016

0.016

0.045

0.095

0.015

0.500

0.250

0.080
–

0.115

0.135

0.205

0.210

0.165

0.022

0.019

0.055

0.105

0.020
–
–

0.105

0.100
–
–

4.45

4.32

3.18

0.41

0.41

1.15

2.42

0.39

12.70

6.35

2.04
–

2.93

3.43

5.20

5.33

4.19

0.55

0.48

1.39

2.66

0.50

2.66

2.54

–
–

–
–

T SUFFIX

PLASTIC PACKAGE

CASE 221A–06

(TO–220 Type)

ISSUE Y

SEATING

–T–

PLANE

B

4

Q

123

F

T

C

S

A

U

H

K

Z

L

V

R

J

G

D

N

NOTES:

1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.

2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.

3. DIM Z DEFINES A ZONE WHERE ALL BODY AND
LEAD IRREGULARITIES ARE ALLOWED.

INCHES MILLIMETERS

MIN MINMAX MAX

DIM

A
B
C
D
F
G
H
J
K
L
N
Q
R
S
T
U
V
Z

0.570

0.380

0.160

0.025

0.142

0.095

0.110

0.018

0.500

0.045

0.190

0.100

0.080

0.045

0.235

0.000

0.045
–

0.620

0.405

0.190

0.035

0.147

0.105

0.155

0.025

0.562

0.060

0.210

0.120

0.110

0.055

0.255

0.050
–

0.080

14.48

9.66

4.07

0.64

3.61

2.42

2.80

0.46

12.70

1.15

4.83

2.54

2.04

1.15

5.97

0.00

1.15

15.75

10.28

4.82

0.88

3.73

2.66

3.93

0.64

14.27

1.52

5.33

3.04

2.79

1.39

6.47

1.27
–

2.04

–

MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA

11

LM2931 Series

OUTLINE DIMENSIONS

TH SUFFIX

PLASTIC PACKAGE

CASE 314A–03

(TO–220 Type)

ISSUE D

Q

D 5 PL

Q

U

–P–

B

12345

M M

B

–P–

SEATING

–T–

PLANE

C

OPTIONAL
CHAMFER

A

G

E

L

F

K

J 5 PL

S

TP0.014 (0.356)

NOTES:

1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.

2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.

3. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE
INTERCONNECT BAR (DAMBAR) PROTRUSION.
DIMENSION D INCLUDING PROTRUSION SHALL
NOT EXCEED 0.043 (1.092) MAXIMUM.

INCHES

DIMAMIN MAX MIN MAX

0.572 0.613 14.529 15.570

B 0.390 0.415 9.906 10.541
C 0.170 0.180 4.318 4.572
D 0.025 0.038 0.635 0.965
E 0.048 0.055 1.219 1.397
F 0.570 0.585 14.478 14.859
G 0.067 BSC 1.702 BSC
J 0.015 0.025 0.381 0.635
K 0.730 0.745 18.542 18.923
L 0.320 0.365 8.128 9.271
Q 0.140 0.153 3.556 3.886
S 0.210 0.260 5.334 6.604
U 0.468 0.505 11.888 12.827

MILLIMETERS

TV SUFFIX

PLASTIC PACKAGE

CASE 314B–05

(TO–220 Type)

ISSUE J

NOTES:

C

E

1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982.

2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.

3. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE INTERCONNECT BAR
(DAMBAR) PROTRUSION. DIMENSION D INCLUDING
PROTRUSION SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.043 (1.092) MAXIMUM.

12

U

F

K

12345

A

L

S

V

W

DIM

J 5 PL

D 5 PL

M M

TP0.10 (0.254)

G

0.24 (0.610)

M

T

H

N

SEATING

–T–

PLANE

INCHES MILLIMETERS

MIN MINMAX MAX

A

0.572

0.390

0.170

0.025

0.048

0.850

0.015

0.900

0.320

0.140
–

0.468
–

0.090

0.613

0.415

0.180

0.038

0.055

0.935

0.025

1.100

0.365

0.153

0.620

0.505

0.735

0.110

B
C
D
E
F
G
H
J
K
L
N
Q
S
U
V

W

14.529

9.906

4.318

0.635

1.219

21.590

1.702 BSC0.067 BSC

4.216 BSC0.166 BSC

0.381

22.860

8.128

8.128 BSC0.320 BSC

3.556
–

11.888
–

2.286

15.570

10.541

4.572

0.965

1.397

23.749

0.635

27.940

9.271

3.886

15.748

12.827

18.669

2.794

MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA

–Q–

U

K

5 PL

D

0.356 (0.014) T Q

B

12345

M M

LM2931 Series

OUTLINE DIMENSIONS

T SUFFIX

PLASTIC PACKAGE

CASE 314D–03

(TO–220 Type)

ISSUE D

SEATING

–T–

PLANE

C

E

A

L

S

G

J

H

NOTES:

1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.

2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.

3. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE
INTERCONNECT BAR (DAMBAR) PROTRUSION.
DIMENSION D INCLUDING PROTRUSION SHALL
NOT EXCEED 10.92 (0.043) MAXIMUM.

INCHES MILLIMETERS

MIN MINMAX MAX

DIM

A
B
C
D
E
G
H

K

Q
U
S

J

L

0.572

0.390

0.170

0.025

0.048

0.087

0.015

1.020

0.320

0.140

0.105

0.543

0.613

0.415

0.180

0.038

0.055

0.112

0.025

1.065

0.365

0.153

0.117

0.582

14.529

9.906

4.318

0.635

1.219

1.702 BSC0.067 BSC

2.210

0.381

25.908

8.128

3.556

2.667

13.792

15.570

10.541

4.572

0.965

1.397

2.845

0.635

27.051

9.271

3.886

2.972

14.783

V

–T–

SEATING
PLANE

S

F

B
R

4

123

G

A

K

3 PL

D

0.13 (0.005) T

DT–1 SUFFIX

PLASTIC PACKAGE

CASE 369–07

(DPAK)

ISSUE L

C

E

J

H

M

NOTES:

1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.

2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.

DIM MIN MAX MIN MAX

A 0.235 0.250 5.97 6.35
B 0.250 0.265 6.35 6.73
C 0.086 0.094 2.19 2.38
D 0.027 0.035 0.69 0.88

E 0.033 0.040 0.84 1.01
F 0.037 0.047 0.94 1.19

0.090 BSC 2.29 BSC

G
H 0.034 0.040 0.87 1.01

J 0.018 0.023 0.46 0.58
K 0.350 0.380 8.89 9.65
R 0.175 0.215 4.45 5.46

S 0.050 0.090 1.27 2.28

V 0.030 0.050 0.77 1.27

MILLIMETERSINCHES

MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA

13

LM2931 Series

OUTLINE DIMENSIONS

DT SUFFIX

PLASTIC PACKAGE

CASE 369A–13

(DPAK)

ISSUE Y

SEATING

–T–

PLANE

B

V

S

R

4

A

123

K

F

L

D

2 PL

G

0.13 (0.005) T

C

E

Z

U

J

H

M

DIM MIN MAX MIN MAX

A 0.235 0.250 5.97 6.35
B 0.250 0.265 6.35 6.73
C 0.086 0.094 2.19 2.38
D 0.027 0.035 0.69 0.88
E 0.033 0.040 0.84 1.01
F 0.037 0.047 0.94 1.19
G 0.180 BSC 4.58 BSC
H 0.034 0.040 0.87 1.01
J 0.018 0.023 0.46 0.58
K 0.102 0.114 2.60 2.89
L 0.090 BSC 2.29 BSC
R 0.175 0.215 4.45 5.46
S 0.020 0.050 0.51 1.27
U 0.020 ––– 0.51 –––
V 0.030 0.050 0.77 1.27
Z 0.138 ––– 3.51 –––

MILLIMETERSINCHES

D SUFFIX

PLASTIC PACKAGE

CASE 751–05

(SOP–8)
ISSUE S

A

E

B

C

A1

D

58

0.25MB

1

H

4

e

M

h

X 45

_

q

C

A

SEATING
PLANE

0.10

L

B

SS

A0.25MCB

NOTES:

1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ASME
Y14.5M, 1994.

2. DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS.

3. DIMENSION D AND E DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD
PROTRUSION.

4. MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.15 PER SIDE.

5. DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD
PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR
PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.127 TOTAL IN EXCESS
OF THE B DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL
CONDITION.

MILLIMETERS

DIM MIN MAX

A 1.35 1.75

A1 0.10 0.25

B 0.35 0.49
C 0.18 0.25
D 4.80 5.00
E

3.80 4.00

1.27 BSCe

H 5.80 6.20

h

0.25 0.50

L 0.40 1.25

0 7

q

__

14

MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA

K

B

F

J

D

0.010 (0.254) T

M

C

A

12 3

G

S

H

LM2931 Series

OUTLINE DIMENSIONS

D2T SUFFIX

PLASTIC PACKAGE

CASE 936–03

(D2PAK)
ISSUE B

–T–

E

V

M

L

P

N

R

TERMINAL 4

U

NOTES:

1 DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI

Y14.5M, 1982.

2 CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.
3 TAB CONTOUR OPTIONAL WITHIN DIMENSIONS

A AND K.

4 DIMENSIONS U AND V ESTABLISH A MINIMUM

MOUNTING SURFACE FOR TERMINAL 4.

5 DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD

FLASH OR GATE PROTRUSIONS. MOLD FLASH
AND GATE PROTRUSIONS NOT TO EXCEED

0.025 (0.635) MAXIMUM.

INCHES

DIMAMIN MAX MIN MAX

0.386 0.403 9.804 10.236

B 0.356 0.368 9.042 9.347
C 0.170 0.180 4.318 4.572
D 0.026 0.036 0.660 0.914
E 0.045 0.055 1.143 1.397

F 0.051 REF 1.295 REF
G 0.100 BSC 2.540 BSC
H 0.539 0.579 13.691 14.707

J 0.125 MAX 3.175 MAX
K 0.050 REF 1.270 REF

L 0.000 0.010 0.000 0.254
M 0.088 0.102 2.235 2.591
N 0.018 0.026 0.457 0.660
P 0.058 0.078 1.473 1.981

__

R
S 0.116 REF 2.946 REF
U 0.200 MIN 5.080 MIN
V 0.250 MIN 6.350 MIN

MILLIMETERS

5 REF5 REF

K

B

D

0.010 (0.254) T

M

C

A

123

G

45

S

H

D2T SUFFIX

PLASTIC PACKAGE

CASE 936A–02

–T–

E

N

(D2PAK)
ISSUE A

M

R

L

V

P

TERMINAL 6

NOTES:

6 DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI

U

Y14.5M, 1982.

7 CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.
8 TAB CONTOUR OPTIONAL WITHIN DIMENSIONS

A AND K.

9 DIMENSIONS U AND V ESTABLISH A MINIMUM

MOUNTING SURFACE FOR TERMINAL 6.

10 DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD

FLASH OR GATE PROTRUSIONS. MOLD FLASH
AND GATE PROTRUSIONS NOT TO EXCEED

0.025 (0.635) MAXIMUM.

INCHES

DIMAMIN MAX MIN MAX

0.386 0.403 9.804 10.236

B 0.356 0.368 9.042 9.347

C 0.170 0.180 4.318 4.572

D 0.026 0.036 0.660 0.914

E 0.045 0.055 1.143 1.397

G 0.067 BSC 1.702 BSC

H 0.539 0.579 13.691 14.707

K 0.050 REF 1.270 REF

L 0.000 0.010 0.000 0.254

M 0.088 0.102 2.235 2.591

N 0.018 0.026 0.457 0.660

P 0.058 0.078 1.473 1.981

__

R 5 REF

S 0.116 REF 2.946 REF

U 0.200 MIN 5.080 MIN

V 0.250 MIN 6.350 MIN

MILLIMETERS

5 REF

MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA

15

LM2931 Series

Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. Motorola makes no warranty , representation or guarantee regarding
the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Motorola assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and
specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. “T ypical” parameters which may be provided in Motorola
data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals”
must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. Motorola does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of
others. Motorola products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other
applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Motorola product could create a situation where personal injury
or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Motorola products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Motorola
and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees
arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that
Motorola was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. Motorola and are registered trademarks of Motorola, Inc. Motorola, Inc. is an Equal
Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer.

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16

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MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA

Mfax is a trademark of Motorola, Inc.

LM2931/D