Motorola ASTRO Digital Spectra W3, ASTRO Digital Spectra W4, ASTRO Digital Spectra W5, ASTRO Digital Spectra W7, ASTRO Digital Spectra W9 Service Manual
Motorola ASTRO Digital Spectra W3, ASTRO Digital Spectra W4, ASTRO Digital Spectra W5, ASTRO Digital Spectra W7, ASTRO Digital Spectra W9, ASTRO Digital Spectra Plus W3, ASTRO Digital Spectra Plus W4, ASTRO Digital Spectra Plus W5, ASTRO Digital Spectra Plus W7, ASTRO Digital Spectra Plus W9 Service Manual
W3 / W4 / W5 / W7/ W9
Control Head Models
Service Manual
®
Page 2
Page 3
Title P a ge
ASTRO® Digital Spectra
and Digital Spectra Plus
Mobile Radios
W3/W4/W5/W7/W9
Control Head Models
Service Manual
®
Motorola, Inc.
8000 West Sunrise Boulevard
Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33322
i
6881096C77-O
Page 4
Foreword
This manual covers the ASTRO® Digital Spectra® and Digital Spectra Plus control heads (Models W3, W4, W5, W7, and
W9), unless otherwi se sp ecifie d. Thi s man ual pro vides suf fic ient in formati on to e nable quali fied s ervice shop techn icians t o
troubleshoot and repair ASTRO® Digital Spectra® and Digital Spectra Plus control heads to the component level.
For details on radio operation, refer to the applicable manuals available separately. A list of related publications is provided
in the section, “Related Publications,” on page ix.
Product Safety and RF Exposure Compliance
CAUTION: Before using this product, read the operating instruc-
!
C a u t i o n
The radio that comes with this control head is restricted to occupational use only to satisfy FCC RF
energy exposure requirements. Before using this product, read the RF energy aware n ess information
and operating instructions in the Product Safety and RF Exposure booklet enclosed with your radio
(Motorola Publication part number 68P81095C99) to ensure compliance with RF energy exposure
limits.
For a list of Motorola-approved antennas, batteries, and other accessories, visit the following web site
which lists approved accessories: http://www.motorola.com/cgiss/index.shtml
tions for safe usage cont ained in the Product Sa fety and RF Exposure booklet enclosed with your radio.
ATTENTION!
Manual Revisions
Changes which occur af te r this man ual is pri nte d are de sc ribe d in FM R s (Fl orid a Ma nua l Revi sions). These FMRs provide
complete replacem ent p ages for all added, ch ang ed, and de leted items. To obtain FMRs, con t ac t the Radio Parts Services
Division (refer to “Appendix A, Replac eme nt Part s Order ing ” ).
Computer Software Copyrights
The Motorola products described in this manual may include copyrighted Motorola computer programs stored in
semiconductor memories or other media. Laws in the United States and other countries preserve for Motorola certain
exclusive rights for copyrighte d compu ter program s, includi ng, but not limited to, the exclus ive rig ht to copy or reprodu ce in
any form the copyrighted computer program. Accordingly, any copyrighted Motorola computer programs contained in the
Motorola products described in this manual may no t b e copied, reproduced, modified, reverse-engi nee red , or distributed in
any manner without the express written permission of Motorola . Furthermore, the purchase of Motorola products shall not
be deemed to grant either directly or by implication, estopp el, or otherwise, any license under the copyrights, patents or
patent applications of Motorola, except for the normal non-exclusive license to use that arises by operation of law in the
sale of a product.
Document Copyrights
No duplication or distrib ution of this document or any portion thereof sha ll take pl ace witho ut the express w ritten permis sion
of Motorola. No part of this manual may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic
or mechanical, for any purpose without the express written permission of Motorola.
Disclaimer
The information in thi s d ocu ment is carefully examined, and is believ ed to be entirely reliable. However, no responsibility is
assumed for inaccuracies. Furthermore, Motorola reserves the right to make changes to any products herein to improve
readability, function, or design. Motorola does not assume any liability arising out of the applications or use of any product
or circuit described herein; nor does it cover any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others.
Trademarks
MOTOROLA, the Stylized M logo, ASTRO, and Spectra are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other
product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
MOTOROLA INC. (“MOTOROLA”) warrants the MOTOROLA manufactured Communication
Products listed below (“Product”) against defects in material and workmanship under normal use and
service for a period of time from the date of purchase as scheduled below:
Motorola, at its option, will at no charge either repair the Product (with new or reconditioned parts),
replace it (with a new or reconditioned Product), or refund the purchase price of the Product during
the warranty period provided it is returned in accordance with the terms of this warranty. Replaced
parts or boards are warranted for the balance of the original applicable warranty period. All replaced
parts of Product shall become the property of MOTOROLA.
This express limited warranty is extended by MOTOROLA to the original end user purchaser only
and is not assignable or transferable to any other party . This is the complete warranty for the Product
manufactured by MOTOROLA. MOTOROLA assumes no obligations or liability for additions or
modifications to this warranty unless made in writing and signed by an officer of MOTOROLA.
Unless made in a separate agreement between MOTOROLA and the original end user purchaser,
MOTOROLA does not warrant the installation, maintenance or service of the Product.
MOTOROLA cannot be responsible in any way for any ancillary equipment not furnished by
MOTOROLA which is attached to or used in connection with the Product, or for operation of the
Product with any ancillary equipment, and all such equipment is expressly excluded from this
warranty. Because each system which may use the Product is unique, MOTOROLA disclaims
liability for range, coverage, or operation of the system as a whole under this warranty.
II. General Provisions
ASTRO Digital S pectra a nd Digital S pectra
Plus Units
Product AccessoriesOne (1) Year
One (1) Year
This warranty sets forth the full extent of MOTOROLA'S responsibilities regarding the Product.
Repair, replacement or refund of the purchase price, at MOTOROLA's option, is the exclusive
remedy. THIS W ARRANTY IS GIVEN IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER EXPRESS WARRANTIES. IMPLIED
WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, ARE LIMITED TO THE
DURATION OF THIS LIMITED WARRANTY. IN NO EVENT SHALL MOTOROLA BE LIABLE FOR
DAMAGES IN EXCESS OF THE PURCHASE PRICE OF THE PRODUCT, FOR ANY LOSS OF
USE, LOSS OF TIME, INCONVENIENCE, COMMERCIAL LOSS, LOST PROFITS OR SAVINGS
OR OTHER INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE
USE OR INABILITY TO USE SUCH PRODUCT, TO THE FULL EXTENT SUCH MAY BE
DISCLAIMED BY LAW.
6881096C77-OSeptember 26, 2003
Page 14
xiiCommercial Warranty
III. St a te Law Rig hts
SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF INCIDENTAL OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LIMITATION ON HOW LONG AN IMPLIED WARRANTY
LASTS, SO THE ABOVE LIMITATION OR EXCLUSIONS MAY NOT APPLY.
This warranty gives specific legal rights, and there may be other rights which may vary from state to
state.
IV. How To Get Warranty Service
You must provide proof of purchase (bearing the date of purchase and Product item serial number)
in order to receive warranty service and, also, deliver or send the Product item, transportation and
insurance prepaid, to an authorized warranty service location. Warranty service will be provided by
Motorola through one of its authorized warranty service locations. If you first contact the company
which sold you the Product, it can facilitate your obtaini ng warranty service. You can also call
Motorola at 1-888-567-7347 US/Canada.
V. What This Warranty Does Not Cover
A. Defects or damage resulting from use of the Product in other than its normal and customary
manner.
B. Defects or damage from misuse, accident, water, or neglect.
C. Defects or damage from improper testing, operation, maintenance, installation, alteration,
modification, or adjustment.
D. Breakage or damage to antennas unless caused directly by defects in material workmanship.
E. A Product subjected to unauthorized Product modifications, disassemblies or repairs (includ-
ing, without limitation, the addition to the Product of non-Motorola supplied equipment) which
adversely affect performance of the Product or interfere with Motorola’s normal warranty
inspection and testing of the Product to verify any warranty claim.
F.Product which has had the serial number removed or made illegible.
G. Rechargeable batteries if:
- any of the seals on the battery enclosure of cells are broken or show evidence of tampering.
- the damage or defect is caused by charging or using the battery in equipment or service
other than the Product for which it is specified.
H. Freight costs to the repair depot.
I.A Product which, due to illegal or unauthorized alteration of the sof tware/firmware in the Prod-
uct, does not function in accordance with MOTOROLA’s published specifications or the FCC
type acceptance labeling in effect for the Product at the time the Product was initially distributed from MOTOROLA.
J.Scratches or other cosmetic damage to Product surfaces that does not affect the operation of
the Product.
K. Normal and customary wear and tear.
September 26, 20036881096C77-O
Page 15
Commercial Warrantyxiii
VI. Patent And Software Provisions
MOTOROLA will defend, at its own expense, any suit brought against the end user purchaser to the
extent that it is based on a claim that the Product or parts infringe a United States patent, and
MOTOROLA will pay those costs and damages finally awarded against the end user purchaser in
any such suit which are attributable to any such claim, but such defense and payments are
conditioned on the following:
A. that MOTOROLA will be notified promptly in writing by such purchaser of any notice of such
claim;
B. that MOTOROLA will have sole control of the defense of such suit and all negotiations for its
settlement or compromise; and
C. should the Product or parts become, or in MOTOROLA’s opinion be likely to become, the
subject of a claim of infringement of a United States patent, that such purchaser will permit
MOTOROLA, at its option and expense, either to procure for such purchaser the right to continue using the Product or parts or to replace or modify the same so that it becomes noninfringing or to grant such purc haser a credit for the Product or parts as depreciated and accept
its return. The depreciation will be an equal amount per year over the lifetime of the Product
or parts as established by MOTOROLA.
MOTOROLA will have no liability with respect to any claim of patent infringement which is based
upon the combination of the Product or parts furnished hereunder with software, apparatus or
devices not furnished by MOTOROLA, nor will MOTOROLA have any liability for the use of ancillary
equipment or software not furnished by MOTOROLA which is attached to or used in connection with
the Product. The foregoing states the entire liability of MOTOROLA with respect to infringement of
patents by the Product or any parts thereo f.
Laws in the United States and other countries preserve for MOTOROLA certain exclusive rights for
copyrighted MOTOROLA software such as the exclusive rights to reproduce in copies and distribute
copies of such Motorola software. MOTOROLA software may be used in only the Product in which
the software was originally embodied and such software in such Product may not be replaced,
copied, distributed, modified in any way, or used to produce any derivative thereof. No other use
including, without limitation, alteration, modification, reproduction, distribution, or reverse
engineering of such MOTOROLA software or exercise of rights in such MOTOROLA software is
permitted. No license is granted by implication, estoppel or otherwise under MOTOROLA patent
rights or copyrights.
VII. Governing Law
This Warranty is governed by the laws of the State of Illinois, USA.
6881096C77-OSeptember 26, 2003
Page 16
xivCommercial Warranty
Notes
September 26, 20036881096C77-O
Page 17
Chapter 1Introduction
ASTRO Digital Spectra and Digital Spectra Plus control heads are available in five radio models:
W3, W4, W5, W7, and W9. This chapter describes the control heads used with these radios.
1.1Notations Used in This Manual
Throughout the text in this publication, you will notice the use of note, caution, warning, and danger
notations. These notations ar e used to emphasize that safety hazards exist, and care must be taken
and observed.
NOTE: An operational procedure, practice, or condition that is essential to emphasize.
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C a u t i o n
!
!
W A R N I N G
!
D A N G E R
CAUTION indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if
not avoided, might
WARNING indicates a potentially hazardous situation
which, if not avoided, could
DANGER indicates an imminently hazardous
situation which, if not avoided, wi ll
injury.
result in equipment damage.
result in death or injury.
result in death or
Page 18
1-2Introduction: Control Head Features
1.2Control Head Features
The table below outlines the basic features of the five control heads covered in this manual.
Table 1-1. ASTRO Digital Spectra/Spectra Plus Basic Features
FeatureW3W4W5W7W9
Display2 line/
14 characters
Liquid-Crystal
Display (LCD)
with 8 Stat us
Annunciators
Mode &
Volume
Controls
Numeric
Keypad
Channel
Capability
(Digital
Spectra)
Channel
Capability
(Digital
Spectra Plus)
Remote MountAvailableAvailableAv ail abl eA vailableAvailable
Dash MountAvailableAvailableAvailableAvailableNot Available
Rocker SwitchesRotary Mode &
YesNoNoYesYes
255128128255255
512128128512512
1 line/
8 characters
Vacuum
Fluorescent
Display
Volume Controls
1 line/
8 characters
Vacuum
Fluorescent
Display
Rocker Swit c h
Mode & Volume
Controls
1 line/
8 characters
Vacuum
Fluorescent
Display
Rocker Swit c h
Mode & Volume
Controls
1 line/
11 characters
Vacuum
Fluorescent
Display
Rocker Switch
Mode & Volume
Controls
1.3Control Heads
The control heads used with ASTRO Digital Spectra and Digital Spectra Plus radios have
microprocessor circuitry that operates the standard and optional features built into the system. The
control-head design allows for instal lation in even the smallest of v ehicles. The control head may be
field-programmed to add options or alter the information stored in certain areas of its electronic
memory.
The following sections describe the control head used by each of the five models.
1.3.1W3 Control Head
The W3 Hand-Held Control Head (HHCH) is shown below. THe HHCH has been designed as an
alternative to the standard radio control-head approach. It can emulate most radio control-head
functions, including LCD display, volume control, power On/Off, and mode. The HHCH can either
replace the radio control head or be used in dual-control applications, either in conjunction with a
radio control head or another HHCH.
September 26, 20036881096C77-O
Page 19
Introduction: Control Heads1-3
1.3.1.1 W3 Controls
On/Off
Button
Push-To-Talk
Button
(PTT) Switch
Volume
Control
(T1)
Orange Programmable
Button
(T2)
HOME
MODE
VOL
2ABC1QZ
3DEF
5JKL
4GHI
7PRS
8TUV
0
6MNO
9WXY
Programmable
Button
(T3)
LED
Indicator
Display
Side Button 1 (S1)
Side Button 2 (S2)
Side Button 3 (S3)
Mode Control
Alphanumeric
Figure 1-1. Typical W3 Hand-Held Control Head
Keypad
On/Off Button (T1): T urns the radio on and off. Can be used as an additional programmable button if the
on/off function is not used.
Orange Programmable Button (T2): Programmed at the factory for emergency use. Field
programmable by a qualified radio technician.
Programmable Button (T3): Field programmable by a qualified radio technician.
LED Indicator: Green/red light-emitting diode. Indicates operating status.
Display: 2-line by 14-character display. Provides visual information about many radio features.
Keypad. Provides control of, and data interface with, many features.
Programmable Side Button 1 (S1): Field programmable by a qualified radio technician.
Programmable Side Button 2 (S2): Field programmable by a qualified radio technician.
Programmable Side Button 3 (S3): Field programmable by a qualified radio technician.
Mode Control: Used for selecting modes and programming menus.
Volume Control: Used for selecting volume level, editing names, and making certain radio adjustments.
Push-To-Talk (PTT) Button: Engages the transmitter.
6881096C77-OSeptember 26, 2003
Page 20
1-4Introduction: Control Heads
1.3.2W4, W5, W7, and W9 Control Heads
HOME
HORN/
LIGHTS
PAGE
Page
or
SECURE
or
EMERGENCY
Home
Mic
Emer
H/L
Dim
PRIORITY/
NON-PRIORITY
INDICATORS
SCANSELECTMONITOR
PHONE
Phon
CALLDIRECT
CallSelScan
Mode
XMIT
BUSY
MODE
DIRECT
KNOB
INDICATOR
Figure 1-2. Typical W4 Rotary Control Head
PAGE
SECURE
or
EMERGENCY
Page
or
Emer
DirMon
Volume
Pwr
POWER ON/OFF/
VOLUME KNOB
POWER
ON/OFF
PWR
Mic
MODE
Mode
Vol
HOME
VOLUME
DIM
HOME
PRIORITY/
NON-PRIORITY
PHONE
Phon
SCAN
Scan
SELECT
CALL
CallSel
DIRECT
INDICATOR
XMIT
BUSY
HORN/
LIGHTS
H/LMonDir
MONITOR
INDICATORS
Figure 1-3. Typical W5 Pushbutton Control Head
DIRECT
September 26, 20036881096C77-O
Page 21
Introduction: Control Heads1-5
FUNCTION
ON/OFF
INDICATORS
EMERGENCY
or
Emer
SECURE
POWER
ON/OFF
PWR
Mic
MODE
Mode
Vol
DIM
HOME
HOME
VOLUME
PHONE
Phon
PRIORITY/
NON-PRIORITY
INDICATORS
SCAN
Scan
INDICATOR
CALL
SELECT
CallSel
DIRECT
SITE
XMIT
BUSY
RECALL
STATUS
1
4
7
Figure 1-4. Typical W7 Pushbutton Control Head
FUNCTION
BUTTON
XMIT BUSY
Mode
Dir
ScanEmer
VolSel
PRIORITY
INDICATOR
Call
Pri
Non
Pri
Home
STATUS*
123
456
PhonH/L
789
StsMsg
RclSqlDel
2
or
2Pge
PAGE
Ste
2
5
Rpg
Sts
H/L
8
Mon
O#Del Rcl
MONITOR
0
LOCK
Lck
3
6
Msg
9
Dir
DELETE
DIMMER
CONTROL
DIM
REPROGRAM
MESSAGE
HORN/LIGHTS
DIRECT
KEYPAD
MESSAGE*
RECALL
DELETE
MODE
ROCKER
* Optional buttons (included but not installed or programmed)
Figure 1-5. Typical W9 Pushbutton Control Head
6881096C77-OSeptember 26, 2003
VOLUME
ROCKER
SELECT HOME
NON-PRIORITY
INDICATOR
POWER
SWITCH
Page 22
1-6Introduction: Control Heads
1.3.2.1 W4, W5, W7, and W9 Controls
Power Switch (PWR): Turns the radio and its accessories on or off. The Power switch is part of the
rotary volume knob on the W4 model, a push-type switch on the W5 and W7 models, and a slide switch
on the right-hand bottom surface of the W9 model.
Mode Switch: Used for selecting modes and programming menus. The Mode switch is a rotary switch
on the W4 model and a rocker switch on the W5, W7, and W9 models. Press the right side of the rocker
switch to increase the mode number and the left side to decrease the mode number. Press and hold the
switch to scroll the mode number up or down. The mode names appear in the display window.
Volume Switch: Used for selecting the volume level, editing names, and making certain radio
adjustments. The Volume switch is a rotary switch on the W4 model and a rocker switch on the W5, W7,
and W9 models. On the pushbutton model s, pr essi ng and re lea sing the Volume switch checks the
volume setting. Your display will show “VOLUME_ _” and a number value (0-15). Pressing and holding
the left side decreases the volume. The number value scrolls up or down to your desired level. The
Volume rocker switch also controls the volume level of the public address (PA) and external radio
speaker (Ex Rd) options when they are enabled. The display window shows “PA VOL _ _” when public
address is on and the Volume rocker switch is pressed.
Dim Button: Used to control the brightness of the display and button backlighting. When you turn on the
system, the display comes on at the brightness level it was on before the system was last turned off.
Press the DIM button once to reduce the brightness of the display to medium level and twice for low
brightness level. Press the DIM button a third time to turn the display and button backlighting off. This is
called the “surveillance” mode.
Home Button: Used for restoring preprogrammed mode, establishing programmed mode, selecting
programming entries, etc. Press the Home button to go to the radio’s preprogrammed “home” mode. On
the W7 models, you can use the Home button instead of the Mode switch to change modes. Hold the
Home button until a beep sounds to enter the configuration state. The display shows an entry prompt.
Use the keypad to enter your new mode choice and press the Home button again. Your mode is now
changed without scrolling.
Select Button: Used to configure radio options.
Option Buttons: Used for turning options on and off, such as Phone, Scan, Emergency Call, and
Secure.
Display: The vacuum fluorescent (VF) display’s primary function is to display mode numbers, mode
names, volume level, and the status of options. It also functions as an on-off indicator for the entire
system and plays an integral role in the operator’s reconfiguration of options. The display is 8 characters
on W4, W5, and W7 models and 11 characters on the W9 model.
XMIT and BUSY Indicators: The XMIT indicator lights when the radio is transmitting. The BUSY
indicator lights when the selected channel is busy.
Scan Indicators: When scan operation detects activity on a non-priority (NON-PRI) channel, the NONPRI indicator light comes on. Activity on a second priority channel causes the priority (PRI) indicator to
light. First priority channel activity causes PRI to flash.
12-Button Keypad (W7 and W9): Used to change the status of options and for entering numbers.
Several keys serve multiple functions. The following buttons can be programmed to W7 and W9 control
heads. The table below describes the buttons preinstalled on the W7 model. (See the ASTRO Digital
Spectra or Digital Spectra Plus User’s Guide for a complete description of keypad operation.)
September 26, 20036881096C77-O
Page 23
Introduction: Control Heads1-7
Table 1-2. 12-Button Keypad (W7 and W9)
KeyDescription
#1 key
Site (STE)
#2 Key
Page (2 or 2Pge)
#3 key
Lock (Lck)
#4 key
Status (Sts)
#5 key
Regroup (Rpg)
#6 key
Message (Msg)
#7 key
Horn/Lights (H/L)
#8 key
Monitor (Mon)
#9 key
Direct/Simplex (Dir)
* key
Recall (Rcl)
Forces the radio to scan for a new site when the automatic multiple-site select
(AMSS) feature for wide-area coverage is in use.
Initiates a Call Alert page or enters Call ID list programming.
Locks the radio onto the current site when the AMSS feature is in use.
Used alone or in conjunction with other keypad buttons and the Sel button to
send a status transmission, indicating a predetermined condition change.
Requests a change in the radio’s talkgroup assignment when the dynamic
regrouping feature is used.
Used alone or in conjunction with other keypad buttons and the Sel button to
transmit a message, indicating a response or temporary condition.
Selects/enables radio external alarms.
Monitors the radio for channel traffic.
Used for talkaround (mobile-to-mobile) conversations.
Reviews modes in scan and phone lists.
# key
Used when editing stored lists.
Delete (Del)
6881096C77-OSeptember 26, 2003
Page 24
1-8Introduction: Control Heads
Notes
September 26, 20036881096C77-O
Page 25
Chapter 2Basic Maintenance
This chapter describes inspection, cleaning, and handling precautions for the control heads. Each of
these topics provides information vital to the successful operation and maintenance of your radio.
2.1Inspection
Check that the external surfaces of the control head are clean, and that all external controls and
switches are functional. A detailed inspection of the interior electronic circuitry is not needed.
2.2Cleaning
The following procedures describe the recommended cleaning agents and the methods to be used
when cleaning the external and internal surfaces of the control head. These surfaces should be
cleaned whenever a periodic visual inspection reveals the presence of smudges, grease, and/or
grime. Internal surfaces should be cleaned only when the contr ol head is disassembled for servicing
or repair.
The only recommended agent for cleaning the external control head surfaces is a 0.5% solution of a
mild dishwashing detergent in water. The only factory recommended liquid for cleaning the printed
circuit boards and their components is isopropyl alcohol (70% by volume).
The effects of certain chemicals and their vapors can have
!
C a u t i o n
harmful results on certain plastics. Aerosol sprays, tuner
cleaners, and other chemicals should be avoided.
2.2.1Cl eaning External Plastic Surfaces
The detergent-water solution should be applied sparingly with a stiff, non-metallic, short-bristled
brush to work all loose dirt away from the control head. A soft, absorbent, lint-free cloth or tissue
should be used to remove the solution and dry the control head. Make sure that no water remains
entrapped near the connectors, cracks, or crevices.
2.2.2Cleaning Internal Circuit Boards and Components
Isopropyl alcohol may be applied with a stiff, non-metallic, short-bristled brush to dislodge embedded
or caked materials located in hard-to-reach areas.
Alcohol is a high-wetting liquid and can carry contamination into unwanted places if an excessive
quantity is used. Make sure that controls or tunable components are not soaked with the liquid. Do
not use high-pressure air to hasten the drying process, since this could cause the liquid to puddle
and collect in unwanted places.
Upon completion of the cleaning process, use a soft, absorbent, lint-free cloth to dry the area.
NOTE: Always use a fresh supply of alcohol and a clean container to prevent contamination by
dissolved material (from previous usage).
Page 26
2-2Basic Maintenance: Handling Precautions
2.3Handling Precautions
Components used in this equipment can be damaged by
!
C a u t i o n
Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) devices, and other high-technology devices,
are used in this family of radios. While the attributes of these devices are many, their characteristics
make them susceptible to damage by electrostatic discharge (ESD) or high-voltage charges.
Damage can be latent, resulting in failures occurring weeks or months later. Therefore, special
precautions must be taken to prevent device damage during disassembly, troubleshooting, and
repair. Handling precautions are mandatory for this radio, and are especially important in lowhumidity conditions. DO NOT attempt to disassemble the radio without observing the following
handling precautions:
accumulated static charge. Avoid unnecessary handling.
When handling devi ces, use a group strap, conductive
benches, and floor mats to ensure that a static charge does
not develop on component terminals. Always pick up
components by the body when possible, avoiding the
electrical terminals. Exposed connections should be shorted
together via conductive foam when not in use.
Use grounded equipment when performing tests. DO NOT
connect components to or disconnect components from test
equipment while power is applied.
• Eliminate static generators (plastics, Styrofoam, etc.) in the work area.
• Remove nylon or double-knit polyester jackets, roll up long sleeves, and remove or tie back
loose-hanging neckties.
• Store and transport all static-sensitive devices in ESD-protective containers.
• Disconnect all power from the unit before ESD-sensitive components are removed or inserted
unless otherwise noted.
• Use a static-safeguarded workstation through the use of an anti-static kit (Motorola part number
01-80386A82). This kit includes a wrist strap, two ground cords, a static-control t able mat and a
static-control floor mat.
NOTE:Be sure that the table and floor mats are properly grounded.
When these items are not readily available, observing the following techniques will minimize the
chance of damage:
- If a static-sensi tive device is to be temporarily set down, use a conductive surface for placement of the device.
- Make skin contact with a conductive work surface first and maintain this contact when the
device is set down or picked up.
- Always wear a conductive wrist strap when servicing this equipment. The Motorola part
number for a replacement wrist strap that connects to the table mat is 42-80385A59
September 26, 20036881096C77-O
Page 27
Chapter 3Theory of Operation
This chapter describes the operational theory of the control heads for the W3, W4, W5, W7, and W9
radio models. It includes vehicular interface port (VIP) information.
3.1W3 Control Head
The W3 Hand-Held Control Head (HHCH) contains the U3 microcomputer, which runs on a 4 MHz
clock and performs the following basic functions:
• SB9600 data encode and decode for communication to host radio.
• Liquid-crystal display (LCD) drive comprising two rows of 14 dot-matrix characters plus
10 annunciators.
• Scans a 22-key keypad.
• Scans three side keys and three top keys.
• Determines what type of radio is connected from the bus data and selects either portable or
mobile/vehicle adaptor (VA) modes.
• Scans the PTT switch.
• Provides display drive and program mab le adj ustme n t for displ ay contr ast .
• Provides display and keypad backlight control.
• Activates the red PTT LED and yellow status LED as required.
• Provides remote keying of the microphone via the SB9600 serial bus as required.
• Detects off-hook/on-hook conditions in mobile/VA mode.
• Provides SPI serial communications to U8 for serial-to-parallel output expansion, U12 for
parallel-to-serial input compression, U14 for analog-to-serial input compression, and option
connector J2.
3.1.1SB9600 Serial Bus Interface
The serial interface circuit, comprising transistors Q1, Q2, and Q8, and comparator U2, provides an
interface between the microphone/message and a host radio for two-way SB9600 serial bus
communications. This is necessary to control the radio from the HHCH and have radio status
messages displayed on the HHCH. The interface circuit performs the following functions:
• Buffering of the input and output data by Q1 and U2 to improve isolation and drive capability.
• Conversion of balanced to unbalanced SB9600 data input to SB96 bus interface by Q1, U2.
• Bidirectional busy control through U3-20, -21, and -41 to J 1-3. U320 and -21 are paralleled to
provide increased drive capability.
3.1.2Display Circuit
The display is a liquid-crystal display (LCD) and comprises two rows of 14 dot-matrix characters and
10 annunciators. The display circuit consists of sections involving character generation, backplane
drive, negative volt age generation, temperature compensation, and contrast control. A 200 kHz clock
is derived from U4-25, which also supplies U14.
Page 28
3-2Theory of Operation: W3 Control Head
Operation of the circuit is complex; a brief description is detailed below:
• Display data exits U3-5/12 as eight bits of parallel data. This data addresses a character
look-up table in LCD driver/controller U4. This provides the relevant segment output data from
U4, as well as LCD drivers U5, U6, and U7, to activate the relevant display dots that form the
characters as defined in the look-up table.
• The LCD is multiplexed with eight backplanes that are driven separately by U4-47 to - 54. Each
backplane is driven sequentially, one after the other, by a stepped a.c. voltage of between
approximately -2 volts and +5 volts. LCD dots are displayed when a maximum or minimum of
one of the backplane drives coincides with a minimum or maximum, respectively, of the
relevant segment drive voltage.
• Negative voltage generation necessary for correct operation of the display is derived from a
timed clock output from U3-38. This is fed to a voltage doubler comprising C21, C22, and D30.
The d.c. output of the doubler is fed to voltage divider R16 to R20. This divider provides evenly
spaced voltage increments from approximately -2 volts to +5 volts, which are then fed to U4,
U5, U6, and U7 to form the stepped backplane and segment drive voltages.
• Temperature compensation is provided by U3 and U14 in conjunction with D32. This diode
provides a temperature-dependent voltage to analog input pin 1 of A/D converter U14. This is
sent as serial data input to U3-34, where it is compared to a reference in U3. The amount of
deviation from this reference determines the duty cycle of the output drive voltage from U3-38.
This results in a change to the drive voltage across C22, which is fed to analog input pin 6 of
U14 via voltage divider R26 and R2, which is then fed to U3 as serial data. U3 checks this
voltage for accuracy, using the temperature-dependent voltage at U14-1 as a reference, and
corrects the drive duty cycle accordingly.
• Contrast control is achieved by adjusting the display drive duty cycle U3-38 by either keypad
control or radio programming via the SB9600 bus. U3 contains a reference that presets the
drive duty cycle to an average value when first connected to a new radio. Adjustment of the
contrast setting will set up a new reference, which will be retained by the radio in EEPROM for
future use so that the new setting will be retained if the microphone is turned off.
3.1.3Keypad Si de Keys and Top Keys
The HHCH keypad is configured as a matrix of five columns by six rows. The keyboard is scanned
by taking each column output low in turn (each one 1 ms) and reading the corresponding row inputs
through the data input latch, U10. After all five columns have been scanned, the row data is then
decoded to see which keys, if any, are pressed. The HHCH then waits for debounce until the keypad
is scanned again. The keypad is scanned every 25 ms. If the same key is still pressed, the key
register value is determined from a key table. If the SB9600 serial bus is not busy, a serial-bus
"BUTCTL" message transmission is initiated. The same process also applies when a key is
released.
3.1.4Microphone Preamplifier and PTT
PTT is achieved by activating switch S1. This places a ground on the microphone pre-amplifier
circuit, comprising Q6 and associated components, and effectively turns it on. Activation of S7 also
places a low on U10-6 input, which is passed on to U3 and transmitted as an SB9600 message back
to the radio. When this message is received by the radio, (if required) an SB9600 message is sent
back to the microphone and detected by U3, and the PTT LED is activated through U8. However,
illumination of the PTT LED is under radio control and is therefore dependent upon radio
programming. Q7 is also connected across the PTT line. Its purpose is to remotely enable the
microphone pre-amplifier through a received SB9600 serial-bus message, as required.
September 26, 20036881096C77-O
Page 29
Theory of Operation: W3 Control Head3-3
Microphone cartridge M1 contains a capacitive transducer coupled to a FET amplifier. Microphone
audio is obtained from the output of MI and fed to Q6-b via C28, which provides either 0dB of gain in
portable mode or 20dB in mobile mode, during transmit. This gain change is achieved by the action
of Q5, which is turned on in mobile mode only, and bypasses R71. (Note that this gain is with respect
to a radio input impedance of 2k.
Ω for portables and 600Ω for mobiles.)
3.1.5On-/Off-Hook Control
The on-/off-hook control circuit comprises U8 and Hall switch U9. This circuit is only active in mobile
mode, during which the output at U8-6 and -7 is driven high by U3. This provides supply volts for U9,
the output of which still remains in its normally high state, provided that the microphone is off-hook.
During the on-hook condition, when the microphone is retained in its hang-up bracket, a magnet in
the hang-up bracket activates the Hall switch, which in turn pulls U9-3 low. This is detected by U3,
which then sends an appropriate SB9600 message back to the radio. When the microphone is
removed from the hang-up bracket, U9-3 returns high, causing U3 to send another SB9600 message
back to the radio.
3.1.6Backlight Circuit
The backlight circuit comprises U3, U15, Q3, Q4, and LEDs D3 to D17. U3 enables the backlights,
as required, by placing a low at U3-16. This, in turn, turns on Q3 and Q4, causing the LEDs to turn
on. The action of D35 and R34 provides a constant current source for the LEDs over a supply
voltage range of 5.5 to 17 volts. U15 provides current balance between the individual pairs of LEDs,
and R34 controls the total current to about 60 mA.
3.1.7Power Supply
The power supply consists of a 5-volt linear regulator, U1, which provides the necessary 5-volt
supply for all of the digital circuits. It has a low drop-out voltage to enable operation from an input
voltage of about 5 volts up to 17 volts. This regulator also contains internal current-Iimiting
protection, which will normally protect against damage from short-circuit faults. In addition, current is
supplied directly from the unregulated input to the backlight LEDs for power dissipation reasons.
3.1.8Status LEDs
D22 is provided as a status LED for programmable radio functions. It is activated by an SB9600
message from the radio which is detected by U3, resulting in a high at U8-2 and -3. In addition, the
PTT LED, D21, can provide flashing radio status messages and can also be activated at the same
time as D22.
3.1.9Jumper Selection
The only jumpers that may normally be installed are JU10, JU11, and JU12. When these jumpers are
installed, the ground provided is passed on to U3. These jumpers indicate whether a speaker is
installed in the unit, the SB9600 serial-bus device address, and single- or dual-control head control,
as defined in the table below.
3-4Theory of Operation: W4, W5, and W7 Control Heads
3.1.10 Power On/Off
The HHCH has the ability to turn a host radio on or off by activating S6, which then places a
momentary logic low on the Mic Hi line. This is detected by appropriate circuitry in the host radio,
which then reverses the power on/off state of the radio. Since the microphone power is supplied by a
switched Opt B+ line from the radio, the microphone power on/off state follows that of the radio.
3.1.1 1 Miscellaneous Functions
If TP1 contacts are moment arily shorted or certain key combinations are pressed simultaneously, the
HHCH is placed in its test mode to carry out various diagnostic checks.
Transient protection diodes D24, D25, D37, D38, and D39 provide electrostatic transient protection
for sensitive components within the HHCH by preventing voltages from going outside the specified
ranges for these components.
3.2W4, W5, and W7 Control Heads
The following pages describe the operational theory of the components of the W4, W5, and W7
IGNITION
control heads. Refer to
A+/IGN
JU1
A+
12
JU2
12
13.8V37 VDC
Figure 3-1 for the control-head components.
(U3, Q50, T60)
VOLTAGE
CONVERTER
CIRCUITRY
U45
5 VOLT
REGULATOR
+5 VDC
U101
VF DRIVER
IC
2.5 VAC
VIP OUTPUTS
SERIAL DATA BUS
VIP INPUTS
IGNITION SENSE
PTT SENSE
HUB SENSE
34 VDC
U102
VACUUM
FLUORESCENT
DISPLAY
U1
MICRO-
COMPUTER
U4
INTERFACE
AND
WATCHDOG
TIMER IC
1
4.0 MHz
2
BACKLIGHT
LEDS
Y1
Figure 3-1. Astro Spectra Control Head Block Diagram
3.2.1Power Switch/Ignition
For dash-mounted radios, a pushbutton On/Off switch (S1) (or rotary knob on the W4 control head)
on the front panel controls power to the radio and accessories. In additi on to this switch, you can wire
the vehicle’s ignition and add or remove control-head jumpers to further control radio operation.
TypeHow it Operates
1RECEIVE and TRANSMIT enabled
via control head ON/OFF switch
(ignition has no effect).
2RECEIVE and TRANSMIT enabled
only when ignition switch is ON.
September 26, 20036881096C77-O
Table 3-2. Types of Operations
Control Head
Jumper/Status
JU1OUT; JU2/INConnect ignition cable to
JU1/OUT; JU2/INConnect ignition cable to
Ignition Wiring
“Battery Hot” at fuse block.
“Ignition” at fuse block.
Page 31
Theory of Operation: W4, W5, and W7 Control Head s3-5
Table 3-2. Types of Operations (Continued)
TypeHow it Operates
3RECEIVE enabled by control head
ON/OFF switch; TRANSIT enabled
only when ignition switch is ON.
Control Head
Jumper/Status
JU1 IN; JU2 OUTConnect ignit ion cable to
Ignition Wiring
“ignition” at fuse block.
Enable “TX inhibit” ignition
switch setting i n RS S or
CPS.
The ignition cable is the fused wire attached to the accessory connector. The control head is shipped
with jumper JU1 OUT and jumper JU2 IN. The three options are:
1. Connect the ignition cable to “Battery Hot” on the fuse block to TRANSMIT and RECEIVE via
the front panel pushbutton On/Off switch, regardless of the ignition setting.
OR
2. Connect the ignition cable to “Ignition” at the fuse block to disable TRANSMIT and RECEIVE
except when the ignition is on. This method is more convenient because you need only to
switch off your ignition; the radio will not drain your car’s battery when you leave the radio
switch on.
3. To allow receive via front panel On/Offf, but inhibit transit when the ignition is off, control head
jumpers and radio softwar e settings must be changed. Follow the disassembly procedures in
Chapter 5 to remove the control head PC board from its housing, and then locate JU1 and
JU2 using the board overlays in Chapter 8. Carefully unsolder JU2 from the board and solder
it in a JU1. Change the “ignition switch” field in CPS (Radio Wide/Advanced) or RSS (F4/F3/
F3/F3) to “TX inhibit.”
For remote mounted radios, the same options of operation are available to the customer. The fused
GREEN wire coming from the control-head end of the interconnect cable is connected to “Battery
Hot.” The ignition cable is the fused ORANGE wire also coming from the interconnect cable. The
control head is shipped with jumper JU1 OUT and JU2 IN. Configured this way, connections to the
ignition cable are made following options (1) or (2) above.
3.2.2Voltage Regulator
Switch B+ is applied to U45, a 5-volt regulator. C45 and C58 filter SWB+ and the 5-volt line to ensure
U45 operated properly. CR90 protects against accidental reverse-polarity connections during
installation. The 5-volt supply operates the microcomputer circuitry, interface circuitry, vacuum
fluorescent (VF) driver U101, and comparator U3.
3.2.3Microcomputer
The microcomputer, U1, operates on the 5-volt supply and is filtered by L1. A resonator, Y1,
oscillates at 4 MHz to prov ide a stable clock for microcomputer timing. U1 handles all communication
with the radio command board over the serial bus, scans the keyboard for button presses, and
generates the display information needed by the VF driver (U101) to drive the VF display (U102).
3.2.4Interface Circuitry
The bulk of the interface circuitry is contained in bipolar, custom IC, U4. This IC includes watchdog
timer circuits, serial-bus communication drive circuits, and input buffer circuits to protect
microprocessor U1.
6881096C77-OSeptember 26, 2003
Page 32
3-6Theory of Operation: W4, W5, and W7 Control Heads
3.2.5Reset
On initial power-up, the RESET line to U1-1 is held low by U4 for approximately 120 milliseconds
before going high. This resets U1 and starts it operating properly. Then, a pulse train generated at
U1-38 sends tickle pulses to the watchdog timer circuitry in U4 and sends a STROBE signal to the
VF display driver, U101. Capacitor C6 charges to about 3.3 volts and triggers a r eset as described
above. Any time a reset occurs, U4-9 goes high, causing radio circuitry in the command board to
also reset. Should radio circuitry initiate the reset, pin 23 of the control unit PC board connector is
forced high, triggering the same events described above. The control head can reset the radio
command board, and vice-versa, via the reset line. See
Table 3-3.
3.2.6Bus Busy
The control head prepares to send data on the serial bus when U-15 (BUSY OUT) goes low , causing
U4-10 to go high. This signals the radio command board that the control head has data to send.
U4-11 (BUSY IN
that the serial bus is in use. See
) goes low whenever U4-10 goes high. This informs the control- head microcomputer
Table 3-3.
Table 3-3. Serial Data Bus Logic
Data Line
BusyLowHighLow
BUSY IN
BUSY OUT
BUS+HighLow and HighHigh
BUS-LowHigh and LowLow
TX DATAHighLow and High**High
RX DATAHighLow and HighHigh
RESETLowLowHigh
RESET
* Bus activity will occur immediately after a reset.
** Sending only.
3.2.7Serial Bus Data
See Table 3-3 for Serial Data Bus Logic. Two lines, BUS+ and BUS-, send data between the control
head and the radio command board. Under the normal condition of inactivity , BUS+ is high and BUSis low. This is the “inactive state” on the serial bus. When the two lines invert (BUS+ goes low, BUSgoes high), the serial bus is in the “active state.”
No Bus Activity
(Normal
Receiving Data)
HighLowHigh
HighLow*High
HighHighLow
Bus Activity
(Sending or
Receiving Data)
In Reset*
The control head uses the TX DATA line (U1-33) to send data over the serial bus. When TX DATA
goes low, the bus is placed in the active state by U4; when TX DATA goes high, the bus returns to
the inactive state.
Data is sent to the microcomputer on the RX DATA line (U1-32). Whenever the serial bus is in the
active state, RX DATA is low. An inactive state on the bus causes RX DATA to go high.
September 26, 20036881096C77-O
Page 33
Theory of Operation: W4, W5, and W7 Control Head s3-7
3.2.8Push-To-Talk (PTT)
The PTT line from the microphone keys the transmitter. This line (U4-37) is normally biased at
5 volts, but goes to DIG GND when the microphone PTT button is pressed. This causes the PTT line
(U1-21) to go high. The transmit command is then sent over the serial bus to the radio command
board. Releasing the PTT reverses this process. There is no PTT hardware connection from the
control head to the radio command board. See
Table 3-4. PTT Logic States
Microphone Push-to-TalkPTTPTT
PRESSEDLowHigh
RELEASEDHighLow
Table 3-4.
3.2.9Hang-Up Button (HUB)
The control head senses when the microphone is off-hook by monitoring the HUB line fr om the
microphone. When the microphone is on-hook, the HUB line (U4-31) is connected to ground, placing
a high on the inverted HUB line (U1-20) and sending the on-hook command over the serial bus.
When the microphone is off-hook, U4-31 biases to 5 volts, reversing the process and sending the offhook command over the serial bus. See
Table 3-5.
Table 3-5. HUB Logic States
Microphone
Hang-Up
Button
ON-HOOKLowHigh
OFF-HOOKHighLow
HUB Line
Inverted
HUB
3.2.10 Ignition Sense Circuitry
Ignition sense voltage is sensed by U4-28. When this voltage is high, U4-29 goes low, resulting in
U1-39 going low, and sending the “ignition-on” command over the serial bus. When the ignition
voltage drops off, the process is reversed.
3.2.11 Keypad Scan
U1 scans the keypad switches for a button press by sending out periodic low-going pulses in
sequence on pins 8 through 12. Keypad sense lines connect back to U1 on pins 13 through 17.
Resistors R120 through R124 ensure that the sense lines are high until a key is pressed. When a
button is pressed, keypad contacts close, allowing the low-going pulse to return to the
microcomputer on the appropriate sense line. This informs U1 that a particular button was pressed.
3.2.12 Vacuum Fluorescent (VF) Voltage Converter Circuitry
Voltage for the VF display is generated by a fixed-frequency, variable duty-cycle controlled, flyback
voltage converter. The switching frequency is about 210 kHz. One half of U3, pins 5-7, forms a
210 kHz sawtooth oscillator. The sawtooth waveform is produced at U3-6 and is applied to pin 3 of
the other half of U3. This portion of U3 is a duty-cycle controlled comparator.
6881096C77-OSeptember 26, 2003
Page 34
3-8Theory of Operation: W9 Control Head
U1-6 controls the entire voltage converter. During startup, U1-6 pulls to ground, biasing U3-2 to
about 1.85 volts via R51 and R52. U3-1 and R61 then begin to switch Q50 on and off at a 210 kHz
rate. This allows current to flow through T60, building a magnetic field, then collapsing it. When the
field collapses, the back EMF (flyback) forward biases CR51 and charges C52 (after a few cycles) to
about 37 volts, causing zener diode VR50 to conduct. The high voltage is regulated by the effect that
VR50 has on the bias voltage at U3-2. If the high-voltage supply increases, VR50 pulls U3-2 higher
in voltage resulting in a decreased duty-cycle for Q50 (the switching frequency remains constant;
only the duty-cycle of on-time versus off-time decreases). Less power is up-converted to C52 when
the duty cycle decreases; hence, regulation is maintained.
The voltage converter also produces an a.c. filament voltage for the VF display across T60 pi ns 4
and 6. R101 drops this voltage to approximately 2.4 Vrms. This a.c. voltage rides on a positive d.c.
offset due to R50, depending on brightness. The positive offset allows a VF display grid to be
reverse-biased with respect to the filament when that particular grid is supposed to be shut off. This
prevents “character ghosting.” Display dimming is exclusively controlled by multiplexing information
sent from U1 to the VF driver IC, U101. Display dimming has no effect on the voltage converter
circuitry except in the OFF mode. In this mode, U1-6 goes high, resulting in U3-2 going to +5 volts.
This keeps U3-1 low and Q50 turned off. The high-voltage supply drops to about 12 volts and the a.c.
filament voltage drops to zero, shutting off the display.
3.2.13 Vacuum Fluorescent Display Driver IC
The VF driver IC, U101, receives data directly from the microcomputer for multiplexing the VF
display. All of the grid and anode driver lines from U101 are either at, or about, 34 volts (ON) or
ground (OFF).
3.2.14 V acuum Fluores cent Dis play
The VF display is an 8-character, 14-segment device. Anodes are the actual phosphorescent
segments, and grids are the wire-mesh structures located over each character. Multiplexing allows
character generation with a minimum of interconnecting lines between display and driver. Anodes
and grids operate at, or about, 34 volts when ON and are at zero when OFF. The filament operates
on ac at about 2.4 Vrms, with current flow at 100 mA through the filament. The d.c. current flowing
from anodes and grids to the filament and through R50 to ground increases filament voltage by up to
5 Vdc.
3.2.15 Backlight LEDs
Most buttons on the control head are backlit by ten LEDs for easy night-time viewing. In medium and
low brightness level settings, U1-19 goes high, turning on Q131 and causing a fixed current to flow
through the LEDs.
In the OFF mode and the maximum brightness mode, U1-19 goes low, turning off Q131 and the
LEDs. Microprocessor U1 does not duty-cycle change the brightness level of the backlighting LEDs.
3.3W9 Control Head
The W9 control head has solid-state microprocessor circuitry that operates the standard and optional
features built into the system. The control-head design allows installation in even the smallest of
down-sized vehicl es.
3.3.1Display
The control head has an 11-character alphanumeric VF display for indicating the following:
• Zone/Mode names
• Squelch level
September 26, 20036881096C77-O
Page 35
Theory of Operation: W9 Control Head3-9
• Volume level
•Status codes
• Message codes
• Telephone numbers
• Identification numbers
• Alarm displays
• Option status
3.3.2W9 Controls and Indicators
The W9 control head 12-button keypad contains traditional alphanumeric keys. These keys double
as function keys for options. Six ON/OFF option buttons and indicator lights above the display
window tell whether these options are on or off. All buttons are backlit to allow operation in low-light
conditions.
Other indicators include BUSY, XMIT, Pri, and Non-Pri. The BUSY indicator lights when activity is
detected on the channel. The XMIT (transmit) indicator lights when you are transmitti ng. The Non-Pri
(non-priority) or Pri (priority) indicators light when activity occurs during scanning. If the detected
activity is in the non-priority mode, the Non-Pri indicator lights. If the activity is in the priority mode,
the Pri indicator lights (steady on for second priority mode, and flashing for first priority mode).
3.3.3Control Board
NOTE: Refer to the W9 control head foldout block diagram and schematic diagram for the following
discussion.
The control board's microprocessor unit (MPU) communicates on the serial bus, receives and
interprets keypad data, and controls the volume. The MPU (U2) sends data to a driver to control the
display and sends data to turn the LEDs on or off. The control board has a watchdog timer that
senses the need for a system reset. The vehicle interface ports are also controlled on this board.
3.3.3.1 Microprocessor
The MPU operates in exp anded bus mode with internal Read-Only Memory (ROM) active. The clock
frequency is 7.9488 MHz, which results in an internal operating frequency of 1987 kHz. The limited
number of I/O ports is augmented by using a serial-to-parallel shift register (U6) to scan the keypad
and to switch the VIP drivers Q71, Q72, and Q73.
3.3.3.2 Watchdog Ti mer
The watchdog timer is on the serial input/output integrated circuit (SIOIC) U4. On system power-up,
capacitor C6 pulls U4, pin 43, high while the RESET output at pin 4 goes low, and the
microprocessor resets.
As C6 charges, the voltage on U4, pin 43, drops, causing the output to go high and the
microprocessor to start operating. At this point, the bias on U4, pin 43, shifts toward positive, causing
the voltage to begin to rise, eventually causing another reset cycle. A high on U4, pin 9, (RESET
input) also initiates a reset .
When the microprocessor operates correctly, the microprocessor sends "tickle" pulses to U4-2.
These pulses tickle the watchdog timer and keep the voltage on U4, pin 43, low enough to prevent
reset. If the tickle pulses stop for more than 250 ms, the reset cycle repeats.
The watchdog timer can be disabled by shorting U4, pin 43, to ground.
6881096C77-OSeptember 26, 2003
Page 36
3-10Theory of Operation: W9 Control Head
3.3.3.3 Bus Transceiver
The serial bus transceiver is on SIOIC U4. The timer on SIOIC U4, pins 10, 16, and 17, connects to
the external bus. Pins 11, 13, 19, and 20 connect to MPO 2. These pins act as a serialcommunication buffer.
3.3.3.4 Vacuum Fluorescent Voltage Converter
Voltage for the vacuum fluorescent (VF) display filaments is generated by a fixed-frequency,
variable-duty-cycle-driven, flyback voltage converter. Dual Comparator U3B, with r esistors R56
through R60, form a triangle-wave generator that has an output swing between 1.5 and 3.2 volts at a
frequency of 160 kHz. The output of this triangle goes to U3A-3, where it is compared to a feedback
signal on U3A-2. The d.c. feedback signal comes from the voltage converter output through diode
CR51 and is regulated by VR50 to 43 volts. The U3A output voltage increases or decreases as its
input voltage rises or falls. Consequently , the duty cycle seen at the gate of MOSFET transistor Q50
varies inversely with the triangle output voltage. The output of Q50, varying at 160 kHz, is applied to
the primary of transformer T60, pins 1 and 3. The secondary of T60, pins 4 and 6, supplies 3.5 Vac
for the VF display (U102) filaments.
3.3.3.5 Vehicle Interface Ports
The control-head connector , P103, provides connections for three vehicle interface port (VIP) inputs
and three VIP outputs.
The three VIP inputs enter the control head at P103, pins 4, 3, and 37. Zener diodes YR10, YR9, and
YR8 limit the input voltages to 15 volts. VIP input 2 can be strapped through jumper JU11 to provide
various control functions connected to P103, pins 41, 43, and 44. The three inputs are connected to
SIOIC U4 at pins 25, 22, and 35. The input signals are buffered in U4 and are output on pins 24, 21,
and 36. From U4, the signals are fed through 10K resistors R44, R14, and R15 to the MPU, U2. The
MPU directs the signals as required by programming.
Programmable switches on the control head are connected through J101, pins 11, 10, 9, 8, and 7
(KRl through KRS, respectively) to CPU U2, pins 49, 44, 46, 48, and 50. The other contacts of the
switches are connected through J101, pins 14, 15, 16, 17, and 19 (KSl through KSS), to CMOS shift
register U6, pins 4, 5, 6, 7, and 14.
Shift register U6 outputs, pins 13, 12, and 1 1, go to Darlington transistors Q71, Q72, and Q73. These
three transistors drive the VIP outputs (up to 300 mA each) through control-head connector PI03,
pins 2, 1, and 34. Primarily, these transistors control external relays. VIP outputs 1 and 2 are
connected to jumpers JU12 and JU13 to provide control functions connected to P103, pins 28 and
29. VIP output 1 can also be connected through JU22 to MIC-PTT, pin 24.
3.3.3.6 Power Supply
The +5-volt power supply U46 is a three-terminal regulator IC that regulates the 12-volt SWB+ down
to +5 volts for the digital logic circuits. The regulated +5 volts enters the control-head PC board
through connector J101, pin 4.
3.3.3.7 Ignition Sense Circuits
SIOIC U4 senses the vehicl e ignition’s state through its pin 28, disabling transmit when the ignition is
off. For negative-ground systems, the orange lead is typically connected to +l2 volts. For more
information, see the cable kit section in the Detailed Service Manual 68P80102W61.
NOTE: Q40 supplies an inverting path for positive-ground ignition service.
September 26, 20036881096C77-O
Page 37
Theory of Operation: W9 Control Head3-11
3.3.3.8 EEPROM Write-Prot ect Circuit
Transistors Q161, Q162, and associated circuitry guard against inadvertently writing into the
EEPROM U5 by inhibiting the Write Enable input. The circuitry guarantees the EEPROM is protected
during reset and when shift register U6 is not in the proper programming state.
3.3.4Display Board
The display board contains the main operator interface points of the system, including the vacuum
fluorescent display, the status indicator LEDs, and the user keypad.
NOTE: Refer to the foldout schematic diagram of the display board for this discussion.
3.3.4.1 VF Display
The (VF) display is an 1 1-digit, 14-segment display that needs two separate voltages to operate, The
anode and grids use +43 volts to accelerate electrons from the cathode, and the filament uses 3.5
vac at 80 mA. These voltages are obtained from the VF voltage converter on the controller board.
3.3.4.2 VF Display Driver
VF display driver U101 receives 14-segment display data, di git enable data, and indicator state data
from the microprocessor on the controller circuit board. This data is clocked using CLOCK (pin 23)
and DATA-IN (pin 43) lines, then framed using LATCH-ENABLE (pin 24) and STROBE (pin 21) to
control brightness. The 32-bit data frame is updated every millisecond so that a coherent display is
maintained and totally updated every 11 ms.
3.3.4.3 Status LEDs
Status LEDs CR111 through CR120 are driven by the display driver as though they were decimal
points on the VF display. Level-shifting transistors are required for this since the display driver uses
43 volts for control signals.
3.3.4.4 Backlight LEDs
The same signal (VF-CONTROL) that turns the VF voltage converter on and off also operates the
backlight LEDs. Transistor Q134 supplies base current to the individual driver transistors. The driver
transistors act as current sources to the LEDs. Backlight LEDs CR131 through CR134 are
connected to thermistor RT133 via Q132. This circuit allows more current to flow through these LEDs
at room temperature and reduces current as the temperature rises.
3.3.5Default Jumper Settings
The factory installs jumpers in each control head according to customer-ordered options. See Table
for the standard jumper configurations. See the diagrams on the foldout pages for other
3-6
configurations.
Table 3-6. Standard Jumper Configurations
Jumper NumberNormally
JU1IN
6881096C77-OSeptember 26, 2003
JU2OUT
JU3IN
JU4OUT
Page 38
3-12Theory of Operation: Vehicle Interface Port (VIP)
Table 3-6. Standard Jumper Configurations (Continued)
The vehicle interface port (VIP) allows the control head to control outside circuits in the vehicle and
to receive inputs from outside the control head. This results in greater flexibility and ease of
installation when interfacing to other systems in the vehicle. There are up to three VIP outputs that
can be used for relay control. There are also up to three VIP inputs that can accept input from
switches, etc.
3.4.1W4, W5, and W7 Control Heads
The VIP outputs are controlled by microcomputer U1 pins 26, 27, and 28. A high level causes the
associated transistors Q71-73 to conduct up to 300 mA of current to ground. Primarily, thes e
transistors control external relays. The relay coil is connected between the VIP output pin and
SWB+. See the installation manual for connection details.
The VIP input lines connect to U4, pins 22, 25, and 35. U4 acts as an inverting stage, passing the
VIP input signals to U1, pins 29-31, to be read by the microcomputer. VIP inputs normally connect to
ground via a normally open or normally closed switch.
3.4.1.1 VIP Output Connections
3.4.1.1.1 Dash-Mount Installations
Two VIP outputs are available in dash-mount installations. VIP OUT 1 is on pin 12 of the rear
accessory connector; VIP OUT 2 is on pin 3. These connections are used to control relays. Connect
one terminal of the relay coil to SWB+ (Rear Accessory Connector pin 4). Connect the other relay
coil terminal to one of the VIP outputs. See the installation manual for the horn and lights connection.
September 26, 20036881096C77-O
Page 39
Theory of Operation: Vehicle Interface Port (VIP)3-13
CAUTION
A good chassis connection via the black primary
power cable is essential for radio operation and
to prevent damage to the radio and cable kit.
Connection to the vehicle frame is desirable.
RADIO POWER CABLE (BLK/GROUND)
RADIO
Rear connector
NOTE:
Caution: if you choose to connect the radio’s IGNITION line directly to the car’s battery, excess use of the radio when the car’s ignition is not running (i.e. alternator running)
could result in a slow discharge of the car’s battery. This configuration allows the radio to operate with the car’s ignition switch ON or OFF.
If the radio’s IGNITION line is wired to the car’s ignition switch, the radio will only function when the car’s ignition switch is turned ON.
CH
MICROPHONE
SPEAKER
Figure 3-2. Cabling Interconnect Diagram for Dash Mount
3.4.1.1.2 Remote-Mount Installations
VIP outputs function exactly the same in remote-mount installations as the dash mount. However,
three VIP outputs are available at the remote-mount accessory cable connector. VIP OUT 1 is on pin
12, VIP OUT 2 is on pin 3, and VIP OUT 3 is on pin 15.
RADIO COMPARTMENT = OPERATOR COMPARTMENT
RADIO IGNITION
CABLE (thin RED)
3A OR 4A FUSE
RADIO POWER CABLE
(RED/BATTERY HOT)
VEHICLE
IGNITION SWITCH
ON/ACC
SEE NOTE
VEHICLE BATTERY
COMPARTMENT
PART OF
GROMMET
15A OR 20A
FUSE
VEHICLE
WIRING
(-)
(+)
VEHICLE
BATTERY
MAEPF-27646-O
RADIO COMPARTMENT
CAUTION
A good chassis connection via
OPERATOR COMPARTMENTVEHICLE BATTERY
MICROPHONE
the black primary power cable
is essential for radio operation
and to prevent damage to the
radio and cable kit. Connection
VIP
to the vehicle frame is desirable.
GROMMET
RADIO
RADIO
POWER CABLE
(BLK/GROUND)
NOTE:
The orange and green power cables connect to either the vehicle battery or the ignition switch. Connect the green cable directly to the battery. The receiver operates
when the control head is on. Connect the orange cable to the ignition switch. The transmitter operates only when the ignition switch is on. Alternate connections:
Connecting both green and orange cables to the battery allows the control head to turn the receiver and transmitter on or off. Connecting both green and orange cables
to the ignition switch allows the ignition switch to turn the receiver and transmitter on or off. (Alternator whine and other noise problems may occur. Isolate the green
cable with a Motorola relay, part #59-00813674.)
RADIO CONTROL
CABLE (BLK/MULTI-
CONDUCTOR)
MIC
RADIO
(ORG)
(GRN)
SPEAKER
TRANSMITTER
CONTROL
CABLE (ORG)
RECEIVER
CONTROL
CABLE (GRN)
Figure 3-3. Cabling Interconnect Diagram for Remote Mount
Three VIP input lines are also available in remote-mount installations. VIP IN 1 is on pin 14, VIP IN 2
is on pin 10, and VIP 3 is on pin 9. These connections are used to accept input from switches or
other circuits in the vehicle. The VIPs are biased at about 5 volts, and to be activated the inputs are
switched to ground. Normally, a switch is connected from a VIP input line to ground. The switch can
be normally open or normally closed, depending on VIP programming and the particular function
being performed.
4.0A FUSE
RADIO POWER CABLE
(RED/BATTERY HOT)
VEHICLE
IGNITION SWITCH
ON/ACC
SEE NOTE
COMPARTMENT
GROMMET
FUSE
(+)
VEHICLE
BATTERY
MAEPF-27616-O
15A OR 20A
PART OF
VEHICLE
WIRING
(-)
6881096C77-OSeptember 26, 2003
Page 40
3-14Theory of Operation: Vehicle Interface Port (VIP)
3.4.2W9 Control Heads
The VIPs allow the W9 control head to operate outside circuits and to receive inputs from outside the
control head. There are three VIP outputs that are used for relay control. There are also three VIP
inputs that accept input s from switches. See the cable kit section for typical connections of VIP input
switches and VIP output relays.
3.4.2.1 VIP Output Connections
The VIP output pins are located on the back of the control head below the area labeled VIP. These
connections are us ed to control relays. One end of the relay should be connected to switched B+,
while the other side is connected to a software-controlled on/off switch inside the control head. The
relay can be normally On or normally Off depending on how the VIP outputs are configured. The
control-head connector P103 pins that are connected to the external relays are listed in
Table 3-7. VIP Output Connections
Table 3-7.
VIP Output
No.
1182Horn Relay (Alarm)
2191Light Relay (Alarm)
33534Siren-Horn Transfer
Switched
B+ Pin No.
The function of the VIP outputs can be defined by field programming of the control head. Typical
applications for VIP outputs are external horn/lights alarm and horn-ring transfer relay control.
3.4.2.2 VIP Input Connections
The VIP input pins are located on the back of the control head below the area labeled VIP. These
connections accept inputs from switches. One side of the switch is connected to ground while the
other side is connected to a buffered input to the control head. The switch can be normally closed or
normally open, depending on how the VIP inputs are configured. The control head provides three
VIP input connections. The control-head connector P103 pins that are connected to the external
switches are listed in
VIP Input
No.
Table 3-8.
Switched
B+ Pin No.
VIP Output
Pin No.
Default Function Is Changed
with Field Programmer
Table 3-8. VIP Input Connections
VIP Output
Pin No.
Default Function Is Changed
with Field Programmer
1204Siren; Horn Ring
2213Emergency (if option is present)
33637None
The function of the VIP inputs is defined by field programming of the control head. Typical
applications for the VIP inputs are for a foot switch or a horn ring switch.
September 26, 20036881096C77-O
Page 41
Chapter 4Test Equipment and Servic e Aids
4.1Recommended Test Equipment and Service Aids
The list of equipment contained in Table 4-1includes most of the standard test equipment required for
servicing Motorola control heads. The Characteristics column is included so that equivalent
equipment can be substituted; however, when no information is provided in this column, the specific
Motorola model listed is either a unique item or no substitution is recommended.
Table 4-1. Recommended Motorola Test Equipment and Service Aids
Motorola
Model Number
*
6032A
FLUKE 87
54622A
3080369B99
(dash mount)
3080369B97
(remote mount)
*
*
* or equivalent
DescriptionCharacteristicsApplication
DC power supply
(Agilent)
Digital MultimeterTrue RMS metering, 200 kHz
Oscilloscope (Agilent )T wo-channel, 100 MHz
Extender Cable—
Allows operation of
control head while
extended from radio
0-20 Vdc, 0-50 A current-limitedBench supply for 13.8 Vdc
Recommended for AC/DC
frequency counter, 32-segment
bar graph with backlit display
4-2Test Equipment and Service Aids: Recommended Test Equipment and Service Aids
Notes
September 26, 20036881096C77-O
Page 43
Chapter 5 Troubleshooting
This chapter, along with the theory of operation in Chapter 3 and the schematics, overlays, and part s
lists in Chapter 8, will aid you in troubleshooting a malfunctioning ASTRO Digital Spectra or Digital
Spectra Plus control head. If the board is severely damaged or otherwise non-repairable, refer to the
board replacement instructions in the section, “Replacing the Control Head Board” on
NOTE: To access W9 control-head boards for troubleshooting, remove them from the plastic housing
using the procedure on
control-head extender cable and the procedure on
“Recommended T est Equipment and Service Aids” on
test equipment and service aids part numbers.)
5.1Required Tools and Supplies
Table 5-1list s the tools and supplies needed for basic troubleshooting.
Small, flat-blade screwdriver
page 5-10. To access W4, W5, and W7 control-head boards, use a
Table 5-1. Required Tools and Supplies
Tools and Supplies
page 5-7.
page 5-8. (Refer to the chapter,
page 4-1 for the appropriate Motorola
2.5 mm hex-key driver
Torx® T8, T10, and T15 drivers
3.0 mm Allen wrench
Page 44
5-2Troubleshooting: Troubleshooting Waveforms
5.2Troubleshooting Waveforms
This section contains images of waveforms that might be useful in verifying oper ation of certain parts
of the circuitry. These waveforms are for reference only; the actual data depicted will vary depending
upon the operating conditions.
NOTE: Serial bus data can be seen during power up and button presses.
September 26, 20036881096C77-O
Page 47
Troubleshooting: Replacing the Vacuum Fluorescent Display (W4, W5, and W7 Control Heads)5-5
5.3Replacing the Vacuum Fluorescent Display (W4, W5, and W7
Control Heads)
5.3.1Removing the Display
1. Figure 5-1 below, Detail A, shows the removal procedure. Cut through the shock pad located
opposite the side of the display with the soldered leads.
DISPLAY
KNIFE
SHOCK
PAD
PRI
PRI
DIR
PRI
N
DETAIL A
DIR
PRI
N
DETAIL B
Figure 5-1. Replacing the Vacuum Fluorescent Display
2. Wear finger protection to prevent cutting your fingers on the sharp edges of the glass. Pull up
on the edge of the display (see
Figure 5-1 above, Detail B), bending the solder leads. Then
cut through the remaining shock pad.
3. Unsolder the leads from the PC board to remove the display. Use organic solvent to remove
the remaining shock p ad and adhesive residue from the board.
5.3.2Installing the Display
1. Apply the adhesive-backed shock pads to the new display. Carefully align the solder leads
and insert the display into the PC board.
2. Solder the leads of the new display to the PC board. Do not reuse the old display .
5.4Replacing the Remote Back-Housing Interface Board
5.4.1W4, W5, and W7 Control Heads
1. Unplug the microphone.
2. Disconnect the control cable from the control head on remote models.
3. Remove the two front-panel screws using a 2.5 mm hex-key driver.
4. Grasp the front panel firmly, and carefull y unplug the control-head assembly from the radio or
remote control-head back housing.
5. Remove the two remote back-housing interface attachment screws.
6. Remove the remote control-head interface board from the remote control-head back housing.
6881096C77-OSeptember 26, 2003
Page 48
5-6Troubleshooting: Replacing the Remote Interconnect Board
7. Before installing a new Interface PC board (P/N 0105950T92), check to ensure that all
gaskets are in place. Gasket (P/N 3205197X01) fits the perimeter of the plastic housing on
the bottom surface, and is placed against the sealing rim in back housing. Gasket (P/N
3205198X01) fits inside the pin-out area on bottom of plastic housing. Gasket (P/N
3205082E90) O-rings (2) fit into recessed areas around the bottom of the screw clearance
holes.
8. Attach the new interface PC board to the back housing with the two screws: torqued to
6-8 in.-lbs.
!
C a u t i o n
9. Reassemble the back housing to the front housing with the two screws: torqued to 4-6 in.-lbs.
Take care to avoid misalignment of connector pins.
5.5Replacing the Remote Interconnect Board
5.5.1Low-/Mid-Power Radios
1. Remove the two front panel screws using a 2.5 mm hex-key driver.
2. Grasp the front panel fir mly, and carefully unplug it from the radio.
3. Remove the three screws that hold the remote interconnect board to the front panel using a
Torx T10 driver.
4. Install the new remote interconnect board onto the front panel, and replace the screws.
Torque the screws to 6-8 in.-lbs.
!
C a u t i o n
5. Reassemble the front panel into the radio and replace the screws.
6. Torque the screws to 4-6 in.-lbs.
Take care to avoid misalignment of connector pins. Remove the
radio top cover to al low visual inspec tion during con nector alignment.
5.5.2High-Power Radios
1. Use a Torx T15 driver to remove the two screws in the radio top cover and then remove the
radio top cover.
2. Remove the ribbon cable (38-conductor) from between the command board and the
interconnect board by first disconnecting the cable at the command board side and then at
the interconnect board.
3. Disengage the retaining wire on the back of the interconnect board at the chassis side.
4. Use the radio key to unlatch the radio handle, and use a Torx T15 driver to remove the two
interconnect board screws that are inside the handle.
5. Turn the radio upside down and use a Torx T15 driver to remove the four bottom-cover
screws. Remove the bottom cover.
6. Remove the RF-board shield and unplug the coaxial cable that comes up from the other side
of the radio. Move the end of the coaxial cable out from behind the interconnect board.
September 26, 20036881096C77-O
Page 49
Troubleshooting: Replacing the Control-Head Board5-7
7. Pull the retaining wire up into position so that the interconnect board can be slid back away
from the front of the radio, and then up and out from the radio chassis.
8. Remove the rubber gasket from the front of the interconnect board by pulling it up and over
the D-connectors.
9. Gently pry each of the arms on the interconnect board spacer so that the snap feature on the
arms can be slid past the interconnect board.
10. Place the interconnect board spacer onto the new interconnect board, making sure that each
arm is aligned in the proper slot and snaps securely into place.
11. Replace the rubber gasket, retaining wire, coaxial cable, bottom cover (torque four screws to
6-8 in.-lbs), and interconnect board screws (torque two screws to 10-12 in.-lbs).
12. Turn the radio top side up and re-insert the ribbon cable (38-conductor) by first connecting the
command board side and then the interconnect board side. This cable is connected to two
38-pin connectors. The cable is keyed so that the cable fits only in the correct position.
13. Fold the ribbon cable down flat. Replace the top cover and torque the two screws to 6-8 in.lbs. These screws are self-tapping and caution should be used so that the screws properly
enter the previously cut threads.
5.6Replacing the Control-Head Board
5.6.1W3 Control Heads
NOTE: Numbers shown in brackets in the following procedure refer to item numbers in Figure 7-1,
“W3 Hand-Held Control Head Exploded View ,” on page 7-2
Control Head Exploded View Parts List,” on page 7-2
1. Remove the strain-relief boot (part of cable assembly [15]) from the housing assembly [7] by
applying downward pressure on the boot and pulling it away from the control head until they
are completely separated.
2. Carefully remove the rubber seal (part of cable assembly [15]) from the housing assembly [7]
opening.
NOTE:Take care to avoid damaging this seal.
3. Using a small screwdriver, remove the seal support wedge [14] from the control head.
4. Using a small screwdriver to depress the telco lever, remove the telco connector (part of
cable assembly [15]) from the control head, and pull the cable assembly away from the
housing (like a telephone jack).
5. Remove the rear-cover assembly [2] from the control head.
6. Locate the recesses in the lower portion of the housing on both sides of the rear-cover’s snap
features and, prying the snaps until the two parts separate, remove the rear cover from the
unit.
7. Remove the two snap retainers [4] from between the circuit board [5] and the housing
assembly [7].
8. Disconnect the microphone assembly [8] connector from the circuit board [5].
9. Carefully remove the microphone cable assembly from the keypad [6].
10. Carefully pry the housing’s snap features from the circuit board [5].
, and in T able 7-2, “W3 Hand-Held
.
NOTE:Be careful to avoid damaging circuit-board components.
There are seven snaps locking the circuit board to the housing. As the snap features are
deflected, push the circuit board upward, using the keypad, to release the circuit board from
the snap features.
6881096C77-OSeptember 26, 2003
Page 50
5-8Troubleshooting: Replacing the Control-Head Board
11. Remove the circuit-board assembly from the housing.
12. Remove the keypad [6] from the housing assembly [7].
5.6.2W4, W5, and W7 Control Heads
NOTE: For the following procedure, refer to Chapter 7: Exploded Views and Parts Lists, beginning
on
page 7-1, for the exploded view and associated parts list applicable to the model being
disassembled.
1. Unplug the microphone.
2. Remove the two front-panel screws using a 2.5 mm hex-key driver.
3. Disconnect the contr ol ca ble on remot e model s.
4. Grasp the front panel firmly, and carefully unplug the control-head assembly from the radio or
remote control-head back housing.
5. Lay the control head face down on a clean, flat surface, being careful not to scratch or mar
the display.
6. Using a Torx T10 driver, remove the control-head screws:
- W4 Control Head: four screws [callouts 5-8], as shown in
The W4 control head has, in addition to the screws, four snap features [callouts 1-4], which
are shown in
Figure 5-2.
Figure 5-2.
- W5 and W7 Control Heads: seven screws, as shown in
58
4
3
Figure 5-3.
71
26
Figure 5-2. Model W4 Rot ary Control Head Assembly Screw and Snap Sequence
416
7
3
Figure 5-3. Models W5 and W7 Pushbutton Control Head Assembly Screw Sequence
September 26, 20036881096C77-O
5
2
Page 51
Troubleshooting: Replacing the Control-Head Board5-9
7. Carefully separate the PC board, internal spacer, and elastomer keypad assembly from the
front panel.
- On rotary control-head models, care must be taken not to damage the flex circuit when
separating the printed circuit board from the front housing. Do not disturb the buttons in the
front panel.
- On rotary control-head models, the flex circuit must also be unplugged.
8. On rotary control-head models, desolder the XMIT and BUSY LED before removing the
elastomer keypad.
9. Remove the elastomer keypad from the PC board.
NOTE:Before you unsnap the PC board, note that the board slips under a hook on the right
and snaps on the left. This will facilitate the assembly.
10. Remove the PC board from the internal spacer. The PC board snaps into and out of the
spacer.
11. To reassemble, snap the PC board into the internal spacer. Before you press the elastomer
keypad into the board, make sure that the conductive pads in the board and the elastomer
keypad are clean and free of any foreign material.
12. On rotary control head models, solder the XMIT and Busy LEDs onto the PC board.
NOTE:On rotary control head models, the flex circuit must be connected to the PC board
prior to attaching the PC board to the spacer.
13. Install the PC board internal spacer and elastomer keypad assembly into the front panel.
Replace the screws and torque them to 6-8 in.-lbs.
Take care to avoid misalignment of connector pins. On dash mount
!
C a u t i o n
14. Do one of the following:
- For dash-mounted radios, plug the interconnect board into the radio, and then plug in the
control-head assembly and fasten it with the two front-panel screws (torqued to 4-6 in.-lbs).
- For remote-mount control heads, replace the front panel into the remote control-head back
housing, make sure the gasket is in place, and then torque the screws to 4-6 in.-lbs.
Replace any plugs and cables on the rear of the control head.
radios, remove the radio top cover to allow visual inspection during
connector alignment.
6881096C77-OSeptember 26, 2003
Page 52
5-10Troubleshooting: Replacing the Control-Head Board
5.6.3W9 Control Heads
NOTE: Before disassembling the W9 control head, note the location of the labeled buttons.
NOTE: Refe r to
Table 7-5, “W9 Pushbutton Control Head Parts List,” on page 7-5 for the callout numbers in
this section.
16 mnm self-tapping screws
(2)
8 mnm self-tapping screws
(5)
Figure 7-4, “W9 Pushbutton Control Head Exploded View,” on page 7-5 and
Control Board
Display Board
Figure 5-4. W9 Control Head Control Board and Display Board
1. Using a Torx T15 driver, remove the two 30 mm machine screws [29] from the back housing
[31] of the control head.
2. Fold the front housing [41] over so that the front housing is face down and the back housing is
on your working surface with the flex cable [18] attached.
3. Using a Torx T10 driver, remove the five 8 mm self-tapping screws [17] from the Display
Board Kit [37], the two 10 mm captive screws [12] with the leaf assembly spring [11], and the
two 16 mm tapping screws [38] from the control PC board.
4. Remove the Command Board Kit [36] from the back housing and the Display Board Kit [37]
from the front housing.
5. Remove the elastomer keypad [7], ON/OFF switch gask et [34], the “D” Connector Gasket
[33], the solder-side shield [16], and the component-side shield [19] from the PC boards.
September 26, 20036881096C77-O
Page 53
Troubleshooting: Final Reasse mbly–W3 Control Head5-11
Be careful to not bend the tabs on the shields when removing
!
C a u t i o n
6. Install the new PC board with the elastomer keypad, the ON/OFF switch gasket, the “D”
Connector Gasket, the “D” Connector O-ring, the solder-side shield, and the component-side
shield in the appropriate locations.
7. Reassemble the Command Board Kit [36] into the back housing [31], making sure that the
power switch is in the proper location and then replace the two tapping screws [38], torquing
them to 6-8 in.-lbs.
8. Reassemble the Display Board Kit [37] into the front housing [41], making sure that the
elastomer keypad [7] is in the proper location.
9. Replace the captive screws [12] and the leaf assembly spring [11] in the front housing, and
then torque them to 6-8 in.-lbs.
NOTE:Before assembling the leaf assembly spring, ensure that the insulator [10] on the
them and align them carefully when replacing the shields.
When working with chips and SOT (small-outline transistor)
parts, use extreme caution when heating. Never reuse a chip
or SOT part; always replace with the correct Motorola part.
board is pres ent. Al so ens ure that the le af assem bly spri ng and captiv e screw s are
aligned properly to prevent stripping the front housing screw bosses.
10. Close the assembly by replacing the front housing [41] and the two screws in the back
housing [31]. Torque the screws to 6-8 in.-lbs.
5.7Final Reassembly–W3 Control Head
When reassembling the control head, make sure the microphone pins are properly inserted through
the elastomeric keyp ad. Also make sure the elastomeric keypad inserts are secured to the PC board.
NOTE: Numbers shown in parentheses in the following procedure refer to item numbers in
Table 7-2, “W3 Hand-Held Control Head Exploded View Parts List,” on page 7-2.
1. To reassemble the housing assembly [7]:
A. Insert the transmit indicator [11] into the housing. Ensure that the top surface of the
lightpipe is below the label recess of the housing.
B. Attach the name pl ate label [13] to the fron t of the housing. Ens ur e that the lab el is
securely attached.
C. Inst all the PTT actuator [9] into the housing. Ensure that its lip is seated in the grove in the
housing.
D. Install the PTT lever [10] and the PTT boot [12] into the housing. Ensure that the lever is
seated in its nest and the boot is located properly in the recesses in the housing.
E. Install the keypad [6] into the housing. Ensure that all of the keys are located in the correct
openings in the housing.
2. Install the microphone assembly [8] into the keypad. Ensure that the front surface of the
cartridge is located up against the keypad membrane.
NOTE:The membrane is the rain seal and is very sensitive to puncture by sharp objects.
3. Connect the microphone cable connector to the mating location on the circuit board [5].
6881096C77-OSeptember 26, 2003
Page 54
5-12Troubleshooting: Troubleshooti ng Chart s
4. Install the circuit board [5] into the housing assembly [7] as follows:
A. Hold the housing assembly so that its key openings face downward and its top faces away
from you.
B. Pivot the circuit board’s display down under the retention features in the housing and
rotate the board downward, ensuring that the board is positioned between the snap
features. Ensure that the microphone assembly’s [8] wire passes through the opening in
the circuit board.
C. Press downward firmly on the board until the seven snap features lock the board into
place.
5. Install the two snap retainers [4] between the circuit board and the side wall of the housing
assembly [7], one on each side.
6. Install the main seal [3] onto the rear cover assembly [2], placing the seal under the retainer
features around the perimeter of the cover.
7. Install the rear cover assembly [2] onto the housing assembly [7].
Starting at the top of the cover, pivot the cover toward the housing and squeeze the two
halves together until the snap features at the lower end of the rear cover engage the
housing’s features and snap closed.
8. Insert the cable assembly’s [15] telco connector into the opening in the bottom of the housing,
and ensure that it is correctly oriented.
9. Press the telco connector in place until it snaps in (like a phone plug).
10. Place the seal-support wedge [14] into the housing’s opening, orienting it so that its long
portion is under the telco connector lever, and then push until it is properly seated.
11. Push the rubber seal (part of the cable assembly [15]) into the housing’s opening and ensure
that it is properly seated.
NOTE:This seal must be inserted completely into the housing to ensure the rain seal.
12. Push the strain-relief boot (part of the cable assembly [15]) into the housing and ensure that it
is properly seated.
13. Insert the kit label [1] into the recess on the rear cover , and ensure that it is securely att ached.
5.8Troubleshooting Charts
This section cont ains detailed troubleshooting flowcharts. These charts should be used as a guide in
determining the problem areas. They are not a substitute for knowledge of circuit operation and
astute troubleshooting techniques. It is advisable to r efer to the related detailed circuit descriptions in
the theory section prior to troubleshooting a radio.
September 26, 20036881096C77-O
Page 55
Troubleshooting5-13
6881096C77-OSeptember 26, 2003
Figure 5-5. W4 Control Head (Sheet 1 of 2)
START
Check U45
(+5V Reg.)
Repair
Is
+5V OK
?
With no buttons pressed, check U1
pins 8-11 for activity.
Activity
on all pins
?
(8-11)
Activity
on one pin
only
?
No activity
at all
Check U1 for
proper operation
and repair
Check that pin for a shorted button
closure somewhere on the line.
Check return lines (U1 pins 13-15).
Check R120-R122.
Press buttons and
check return lines
(U1 pins 13-17).
Check R120-R124
Repair
MAEPF-22619-A
CONTROL UNIT POWERS UP
PROPERLY BUT BUTTON PRESSES
DO NOT WORK.
YES
YES
NO
YES
NO
NO
NO
Page 56
5-14Troubleshooting
September 26, 20036881096C77-O
Figure 5-6. W4 Control Head (Sheet 2 of 2)
A
A
CR50 is
Probably Open
Check
U101-1
VoltageIsVoltage
33 to 39V
?
Is
Voltage
over 40V
?
Is
Voltage
20 to 25V
?
Is
Voltage
11 to 14V
?
Choose the
closest voltage
range and
proceed
Is
Reset Line
OK
?
Check U1: U4: Y1 for proper
operation. U1-1 must go
low momentarily after
power up, then stay high
to properly initialize U1
Repair and
Return to
Start
CR50 is
probably open
Remove VF
Display
Check T60
pins 1, 2, 3
continuity
Check
C52
Check U4 and
cabling for source
of problem
Repair and
Return to
Start
START
VERY BRIGHT DISPLAY
VARIES WITH SUPPLY VOLTAGE
Check VF Display
Filament Voltage with an
AC voltmeter between pins
1 and 25 of VF Display. The
voltage should be 2 to 3 Vrms
Check R51, R52,
C51, C52
and repair
OK
?
Is
C52 OK
?
Possible sawtooth
oscillator problem
Remove VF
Display
Observe waveform
at U3-3. Compare
with
Waveform W2
in section 5.8
Return
To
Start
CR51 is probably
open
Remove VF
Display
Repair and
Return to
Start
Q50 may have
been overstressed
during failure
Replace Q50
Check CR51,
Q50 and
Repair
Return
To
Start
Check VF Display
Filament
For Open
Return
To
Start
Check R101, T60
and
Repair
Is
Filament
Open
?
Is
Voltage
Correct
?
Check R50
and T60
pins 4, 5, 6
for continuity
Remove VF
Display and
Replace
Return
To
Start
OK
?
Check U101
and U1 for
proper
operation
Repair and
Return to
Start
Is
waveform
correct
?
Check DC voltage
on U3-2. It should
be 1.5 to 2.0 VDC
Is
voltage
correct
?
Check U3-1
Waveform W3
in section 5.8
Is
waveform
present
?
Check Q50 drain.
Compare to
Waveform W5 in
section 5.8
Check U3, C54,
R56-R60
and Repair
Q50 may have been
overstressed
during failure.
Replace Q50
Return
To
Start
Check R52,
R51, C51
and Repair
Check U3,
R61, Q50,
and Repair
Q50 may have been
overstressed during
failure. Replace Q50
Return
To
Start
Return
To
Start
Return
To
Start
Is
waveform
present
?
Check R61,
Replace Q50
Check T60
and Repair
Q50 may have been
overstressed during
failure. Replace Q50
Turn Power on
with Control Head
connected to radio
Is
display at proper
brightness
level
?
Check for SWB+
voltage on Control
Head PC Board
Is
SWB+ On
?
Check U45
(+5V REG)
Is
+5V OK
?
Check L50,
R55
Continuity
OK
?
Check
U1-6
Is
Voltage
Low
?
No Problem
END
Repair and
Return to
Start
Repair and
Return to
Start
Check Reset
line to see if it is
being held high
by radio
malfunction
A
START
NO DISPLAY OR
VERY DIM DISPLAY
Check SW1, J102,
P102 and Repair:
Return to Start
NO
YES
NO
YES
YES
NO
NO
YES
MAEPF-22618-O
NO
YES
NO
YES
YES
NO
YES
NO
NO
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
YES
YES
NO
YES
NO
YES
NO
YES
NO
YES
NO
Is
Voltage
below 10V
?
Repair and
Return to
Start
Page 57
Chapter 6Radio Connector s
This chapter contains the ASTRO Digital Spectra and Digital Spectra Plus connector locations.
Page 58
6-2Radio Connectors: Radio Connectors
September 26, 20036881096C77-O
6.1Radio Connectors
Figure 6-1. J0103 Remote-Mount Control Head Connector
Figure 6-2. J5 Control Cable for Remote-Mount Control Head
Figure 6-3. J6 Radio Operations Connector
Figure 6-4. J2 Rear Accessory Connector
Figure 6-5. P104 Microphone Jack
12
3
45
13
12
11
108
7
14
15
16
17
48 4940 413443 4435
36
37
38
45 46 47
50
VIP 2
OUT
VIP 1
OUT
VIP 2
IN
VIP 1
IN
DATA
OUT
MIC
LO
MIC
HI
SPKR
LO
SPKR
LO
MIC
HI
MIC
LO BATT -
VF
SENSE
1 IGN +
ANALOG
GND
BUS +
SWB +
DIG
GND
PTT/HUB
REF
PTT
RESET
EMGCY
BATT +
(A+)
BATT -
VF
SENSE
2
IGN -
BUSY
SWB +
DIG
GND
SPARE
-1
SPARE
-2
29
28
27
26
30
31
32
18 19
20
2123 2433
VIP 3
OUT
SWB +
DIG
GND
VIP 3
IN
CLOCKHUB
SWB +
SPKR
HI
NC
BATT +
DIG
GND
BUSSPKR
HI
NCNC
RADIO
MIC
VIP
MAEPF-21670-A
EMER
MIC
HI
ANA
GND
TX
AUD
FLT
AUDIO
(FILT-AUD
SHLD)
MIC
LO
DET
AUD
RX
AUDIO
BUS +
IGN
RESET
B+
BUSY
SPKR
LO
SWB +
SPKR
HI
DIG
GND
BUS -
123456
13
12 11 10 987
14
1516
1718192021
2223
24
25
MAEPF-23798-O
(PTT )
BUS
SHLD
A +
RESET SPARE-2
SPARE-1
RSSI
*
EMER
MIC
HI
ANA
GND
TX
AUD
FLT
AUDNC
FIL AUD
SHLD
MIC
LO
DET
AUD
RX
AUD
BUS +
IGN
PTT/
VIP IN 1
SPKR
HI
BUSYBUS
SHIELD
RESET
SPKR
LO
SWB +
A +DIG
GND
SPARE
2
SPARE
1
RSSI/
VIP IN 2
BUS -
123456
13
12 11 10 987
14
15
16
1718192021
2223
24
25
MAEPF-21669-A
DIG
GND
SPKR
HI
EMER
SPKR
LO
NOTE 1
IGNITION
VIP OUT 2
NOTE 1
SWB+
PTT/
TX-RS232
BUSY
12345687
9
1011
12131415
MAEPF-23799-O
VRS TX/
CTS-RS232
MIC HI/RESET/
RTS-RS232
BUS+ VIP OUT 1
NOTE1
DISC. AUD/
RX-RS232
BUS-
FUNCTIONAL ONLY IN DASH-MOUNT
CONFIGURATION. N.C. IN REMOTE-MOUNT
CONFIGURATION.
NOTES:
1.
GND
DIG
GND
MIC
LO
PTT/
PROGRAM
RESET
9
10
7
8
5
6
MAEPF-23800-A
PROG
RX
DATA
SWB+
PINS 1, 2, 9, AND 10 ARE NO CONNECTIONS (NC)
ON P104 OF A REMOTE-MOUNT CONTROL HEAD.
DETAIL SHOWN FROM
CONTROL HEAP FRONT VIEW
(MALE PIN VIEW)
V
pp
1
2
3
4
HUB/
BUSY
KEYFAIL/
PROG
TX DATA
MIC HI/
PROG
RX/TX ENABLE
*
*
*
*
*
Page 59
Radio Connectors: Radio Connector Locations6-3
6881096C77-OSeptember 26, 2003
6.2Radio Connector Locations
Figure 6-6. Dash-Mount Radio Connector Locations
Figure 6-7. Remote-Mount Radio Connector Locations
Figure 6-8. Command Board Connector Locations
Figure 6-9. VOCO N Board Connector Locations
MAEPF-24496-O
0
P
W
R
Mode
Scan
Phon
Sel
Call
Vol
D
IM
H
O
M
E
X
M
IT
B
U
S
Y
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
S
ts
M
s
g
H
/L
M
o
n
D
ir
R
c
l
D
e
l
DASH-MOUNT RADIO
J2
ANTENNA
PWR
P502
P104
MAEPF-24497-A
0
P
W
R
M
o
d
e
S
c
a
n
P
h
o
n
S
e
l
C
a
ll
V
o
l
D
IM
H
O
M
E
X
M
IT
B
U
S
Y
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
Sts
Msg
H/L
Mon
Dir
Rcl
Del
J2
J5
P506
REMOTE-MOUNT
CONTROL HEAD
REMOTE-MOUNT
RADIO
J6
J0103
P104
ANTENNA
PWR
COMMAND BOARD
(VIEWED FROM SIDE 1)
P503
F500
U450
15
2419
1
6
J500
2
50
49
1
25
30
P501
P502
1
3829
10
20
19
13
12
14
131211
10
98365
4
2
1
7
1
2
14
1325
26
VOCON BOARD
(VIEWED FROM SIDE 2)
49
50
J501
25
24
J801
2
1
1
2
Page 60
6-4Radio Connectors: Extender Cable (P501)
September 26, 20036881096C77-O
6.3Extender Cable (P501)
Figure 6-10. P501 Extender Cable
6.4Control-Head Cabling Diagram
Figure 6-11. Control-Head Cabling Diagram
151719131197531212325272931333537394143454749
16
18
20
14
12 10
8
642
22
2426
2830
32
3436
38
404244
46
4850
P501
EXTENDER
CABLE
(3080370E06)
(FACING TOWARD
CONTROL HEAD)
J501
COMMAND BOARD
P1001
SPARE 2
EMERGENCY
SPARE 1
DIG GND
SWB+
BUS +
BUS -
BUSY
BUS SHIELD
RESET
DET AUDIO
ANA GND
PTT
MIC HI
MIC LO
SPKR HI
SPKR LO
A+
RSSI
RX AUDIO
RED
VIO
BRN
BLU
YEL
WHT
BLK
BLK/RED
BARE
BLK/ORG
BLK/BRN
SHIELD
BLK/GRN
SHIELD
BLK/YEL
SHIELD
ORG
GRN
CONTROL HEAD
ORG
GRN
NC
NC
MIC LO
MIC HI
SWB+
HUB
PTT
PTT/HUB REF
SWB+
SWB+
SWB+
DIG GND
DIG GND
DIG GND
(DATA IN)
(STROBE)
(CLOCK)
(DATA OUT)
BUS +
BUS -
BUSY
RESET
DET AUDIO
ANA GND
PTT
IGN+
IGN-
BATT+
BATT+
BATT-
SPARE 2
BATT-
EMERGENCY
SPARE 1
BLK/GRN
BLK/ORG
DIG GRD
SWB+
P5
RADIO
15324730312914272849481750
33
264516
46
1213441110
43
7
8
4140242318
193202136
4
3372
1
34
38
5
SPEAKER
17
131618
225142321
19
901
121125
24
20
15
7
123
123
VIP IN
VIP OUT
Page 61
Chapter 7Exploded Views and Parts Lists
This chapter contains the exploded views and associated parts lists for each of the ASTRO Digital Spectra and Digital Spectra Plus control heads. Tables containing pushbutton parts lists are also included.
Table 7-1. Exploded Views
Fig #DescriptionPage #
Figure 7-1W3 Hand-Held Control Head Exploded View7-2
Figure 7-2W4 Rotary Control Head Exploded View7-3
Figure 7-3W5 and W7 Pushbutton Control Head Exploded View7-4
Figure 7-4W9 Pushbutton Control Head Exploded View7-5