Motorola 89FC5800 Users Manual
Simulcast Hardware Installation Equipment Inspection and Inventory
Equipment Inspection and Inventory
Motorola recommends that an inventory of all equipment is taken with a Motorola representative to ensure
that the order is complete. Carefully inspect all equipment and accessories to verify they arrived in good
condition. Promptly report any damag e d or missing i tem s to a Motor ol a repr esentative.
Placement Recommendations
The following are recommendations for placing equipment at a site:
• Secure each rack on a firm, and level floor.
• Use the correct mounting hardware to prevent rack movement.
• Use strain relief when instal lin g and positioning cables and cords to help
ensure that no interruption of service occurs.
• Allow at least 1 m (3 ft.) of space at the front and rear of the system to allow for
proper air flow, cooling, and safe access to equipment. The system components
require an ambient air temperature of 0º C to 50º C (32º to 12 2º F).
• Locate the site racks and other equipment with enough spacing to allow access f or service.
Service personnel require access to both the front and rear of the racks.
• Locate the system in an area that is free of dust, smoke, and electrostatic discharge (ESD).
• Ground the racks according to the Sta nda rds and Guidelines for
Communication Sites (68P81089E50).
Spacing Requirements
Proper spacing of equipment is essential for ready access to equipment, ease of maintenance, and safety of
personnel. Spacing requirements have been established to meet the National Fi re Protection Associations
(NFPA) Code, and the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers
(ASHRAE) standards. Also, adhere to any local regulations that apply to spacing requirements.
See the Standards and Guidelines for Communication Sites (68P81089E50) for
details on these space requirements.
Weight Distribution Within a Rack
To avoid hazards or damage from uneven loading of a rack, distribute the weight of equipment
evenly in the rack, and consider the limitations of equipment and cables. When possible,
mount the heaviest components in the bottom of the rack.
68P81003Y71-O November 2002 2-9
Rack Requirements Chapter 2: Installin g the Simulcast Subsystem Hardw are
Rack Requirements
Most communications equipment is installed in a standard 48.26 cm (19-in.) EIA rack
or enclosed cabinet. Refer to the manufacturer’s instructions when installing racks or
cabinets, and installing equipment into the rack or cabinet.
Use all supplied bracing hardware when installing a rack or cabinet and secure
all equipment within a rack or cabinet.
If additional equipment needs to be installed, refer to the system design document prov ided by
the Field Engineer or consult the Motorola Field Representative.
Bonding and Grounding
Cabinets and equpment racks include a rack grounding bar (RGB) with the capacity to terminate
numerous solid or stranded 6 AWG copper ground wires, which are associated with internal metallic
or fiber optic cables and external grounding to power company equipment.
You must ground all doors of a metal cabinet by bonding the door to the main cab inet
using a 6 AWG (minimum) copper wire.
The RGB is shipped with dual-hole lugs to terminate 2 AWG ground wires. The minimum
number of dual-hole attachments is system dependent and is specified by the customer. This
bar provides electrical continuity between all bonds and ground wire with a cu rrent carrying
capacity equal to or exceeding that of a 6 AWG copper wire.
See the Standards and Guidelin es for Communication Sites (68P81089E50) for more
information on proper bonding and ground at a site.
Power Requirements
The Standards and Guidelines for Communication Sites (68P81089E5 0) defines the guid elin es
and requirements for cabinets, which house equipment that requires AC power input. Som e
of the guidelines and requirements are as follows:
• The cabinet is designed to accept 120/240 V, single-phase power with an amperage
service as required by the electronic equipment.
• Cabinets serviced by commercial power must be equipped with a nationally
recognized test laboratory (NRTL) certified power distribution panel that contains
a main circuit breaker or individual circuit breakers of the correct size as required
for the electronic equipment or specified by the customer.
2-10
• A decal showing an electrical schematic of the power wiring must be affixed
to the inside surface of the cabinet.
• All AC power equipment and electrical components must conform to National
Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) and National Electrical Code
(NEC).ThesemustalsobelistedbyanNRTL.
68P81003Y71-O November 2002
Simulcast Hardware Installation Antenna Requirements
• A surge protector, designed to protect equipment systems from surges at a 120/240 V
service and load center, must be placed on the pow er feed ahead of all individual load
center circuit breakers. This protector must be listed by an NRTL for the purpose intended.
• Selection of a surge pro tecto r is based on the susceptibility of the equipment
powered by the electrical service, with margin provided for locally generated
disturbances. See ANSI/IEEE C62.41 fo r more details.
• At least one 120 VAC, 15 A duplex convenience outlet equipped with ground fault
interrupter (GFI) protection must be provided in the electronic equipment compartment.
Table 2-2 lists the required wire gauges f or various installations. The “loop length” refers to
the combined length of the -4 8 VDC (hot) lead and the DC return lead. For example, a cabinet
installation that needs 16 feet of wire to reach the power supply rack has a total loop length
of 32 feet. For a standard installation, the equipment cabinet is located adjacent to the power
supply rack with a cable loop length l ess than 10.6 m (35 ft.).
Wire used for the cabinet power connection to the breaker panel shall not be less than 6 AWG. Total
cable loop (from the power supply rack breakers to the STR 3000 cabinet) voltage drop shall not
exceed 500 mV for the cabling of the -48 VDC (hot) lead and the DC return leads.
Some sites may require larger sizes than those noted in Table 2-2 to meet local codes. When larger cable
is u sed to run from a power source, the cable shall be “tapped down” to a smaller size fo r connection
to the STR 3000 breaker panel. In accordance with local code requirements, a properly sized electrical
box mounted on top of the STR 3000 rack cabinet or commercial tap cover is the point where the cable
size transition should take place. The site planner will specify the details of the transition.
When a “tapped down” connection is used, the total voltage drop between the “tapped
down” section and the main loop should not exceed 500 mV.
The screws that connect the power cables to the power supply rack are not provided and must be
locally procured. Power supply rack breaker panel screw size is 3/8-16 x 3/4.
Table 2- 2 Power Connection Wire Gauge
Loop Length
15.3 m (50 ft.) or less
15.3to24.4m(50to80ft.)
24.4 to 36.6 m (80 to 120 ft.)
Antenna Requirements
All antenna feed line installations are to be made through a metal antenna entry plate that
is external to the site building. S e e the Standards and Guidelines for Communication Sites
(68P81089E50) for details on the requirements for antenna feed lines.
RF Antenna at the Co-Located Site
6AWG
4AWG
2AWG
Wire Gauge
Maximum Outer Diameter
of Cable
10.2 mm (0.40 in.)
10.2 mm (0.40 in.)
10.2 mm (0.40 in.)
The RF antenna provides a link between the prime and remote sites without introducing overload,
desensitivity, and intermodulation at a co-located site. You may need to install a fixed attenuator to the
antenna feed line at the site. The values for these attenuators can vary from site to site.
68P81003Y71-O November 2002 2-11
Transmit Antenna on the STR 3000 Simulcast Base Radio Rack Chapter 2: Installin g the Simulcast Subsystem Hardw are
Transmit Antenna on the STR 3000 Simulcast Base Radio Rack
One transmit cavity combiner can support up to 12 base radios per transmit antenna. It is possible to
combine the base radios into as few as two cabinets, if they are adjacent. To increase system reliability
and eliminate a single point of failure, use a minimum of two transmit antennas per site.
GPS Requirements
A simulcast subsystem uses two Global Positioning System (GPS) anten nas to provide a certain degree
of redundan c y in case one an tenn a is damaged or inadvertently shadowing. Mount the two antennas at
least 3.05 m (10 ft.) apart with an unrestricted aerial view down to within 10˚ of the horizon in all
directions. The antennas must also be mounted high enough to clear the peak of th e site roof.
Defining the Correct View for the Location
The hemispheric location of the site also affects installation of the GPS antennas. For systems in th e
northern hemisphere, mount the antennas to maintain a clear view of the southern sky. For systems in
the southern hemisphere, mount the antennas to maintain a clear view of the northern sky.
Avoiding Obstructions
Be careful to avoid adjacent structures (such as trees and buildings), which can obstruct the GPS
antennas with their w ide and soli d profiles. Mount the antennas to clear these types of obstructions.
However, an adjacent antenna tower that protrudes into the required view at a prime or remote site does
not obstruct the view and only has a minimal effect on reception from the GPS satellite.
Isolate the GPS antennas from any RF interference by mounting the antennas at least
12˚ hor izo ntal ly from other transmitting antennas.
GPS Antenna Line Loss
The maximum allowable line attenuation between the antenna and the TRAK 9100 GPS receiver is 10 dB.
This 10 dB figure includes a 4 dB margin for attenuation from foliage. So, in an installation in which there
is interference from foliage, allow for 6 dB line loss and 4 dB foliage attenuation . Installations in which
the antenn a has an unobstructed view of the sky may have a maximum line attenuation of 10 dB.
In a typical installation using 0.5-in. low density foam coaxial cable, the length of the cable run
should never exceed 45.72 m (150 ft.). This is sufficient for m ost installations.
When considering the use of larger cables, calculate the cable len gth s allowing 4.5 dB of loss at 1.5 GHz.
The remaining 1.5 dB of attenuation is provided by interior site cabling and connectors.
For more information on installation of the GPS antenna, see "Installing the Global
Positioning Satellite Antenna" on page 3-26.
2-12
68P81003Y71-O November 2002
Simulcast Hardware Installation Environmental Requirements
Environmental R equirements
One of t he major considerations in designing a site is how to maintain an environment in which the
equipment can operate efficiently. A properly designed heating, ventilation, and air co nditio ning (HVAC)
system provides the proper environmental conditions for the communications equipment.
Each manufacturer specifies an operating or ambient temperature for their equipment.
These t wo terms for temperature are de fined:
• Operating temperature refers to the temperature within the equipment case with
the equipment operating at a given capacity or load.
• Ambient temperature refers to the environmental temperature as typically measured
152 cm (5 ft.) above the floor in the center of an adjacent aisle.
For the specific environmental requirements for the equipment in a simulcast sub sy stem, see:
• Chapter 3,"Installing t he Prime Site (10Base-2)."
• Chapter 4,"Installin g the Prime Site (10Base-T)."
• Chapter 5,"Installing the Digital Simulcast Rem ote Site (10Base-2)."
• Chapter 6,"Installing the Digital Simulcast Remote Site (10Base-T)."
Expansion Considerations
Expansion cabinets or racks allow equipment to be added to a site. Each type of equipment has its
own specific cabinet or rack for installing additional devices. For example, install an expansion rack
to add STR 3000 Simulcast Base Radios to a site in the digital simulcast subsystem.
Each expansion cabinet or rack has its own requirements for installation. Detailed
information fo r expansions appear in "Installing the Expansion Cabinets" on page 5-10
and "Installing the Expansion Cabinets" on page 6-11.
Electrostatic Discharge
Electronic components, such as circuit boards and m em ory modules, can be extrem ely sensitive
to electrostatic disch arge (ESD). Motorola recommends that an antistatic w rist strap and a
conductive foam pa d be used when installing or upgrading the system.
If an ESD station is not available, wear an antistatic wrist strap. Wrap the strap around the wrist and
attach the ground end (usually a piece of copper foil or an alligator clip) to an electrical ground. An
electrical ground can be a piece of metal that literally runs into the ground (su c h as an unpainted
metal pipe) or the metal part of a grounded electrical appliance. An appliance is grounded if it
has a three-prong p lug and is plugged into a three-prong grounded outlet.
68P81003Y71-O November 2002 2-13
FCC Requirements Chapter 2: In stalling the Simulcast Subsystem Hardware
Do not use a computer as a ground, because it is not plugged in during installation.
FCC Requirements
Radio frequency (RF) transmitters installed at sites within the United States must be in
compliance with the following FCC regulations:
• Only persons holding a general class commercial radio telephone operator’s license
or non-licensed persons working under the immed iate supervision of licensed
operators can make adjustments to radio transm itters.
• The power input to t he final RF stage shall not exceed the maximum power
specified on the current station authorization.
• The frequency of the transmitter must be checked during initial installation of
the transmitter, when replacing modules, or when making adjustments that affect
the carrier frequency or modulation characteristics.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device,
pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection a gainst
harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial en viron men t.
This equipm ent generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy. If not installed properly and
used in accordance w ith the instruction manuals, the equipment may cause harmful interference to
radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful
interference, in which case the user is required to correct the interference.
Electromagnetic Safety Requirements
2-14
This section describes information you need to know about working near electromagnetic energy.
68P81003Y71-O November 2002
Simulcast Hardware Installation OSHA Related Safety Requirements
OSHA Related Safety Requirements
The United States Department of Labor, through the provisions of the Occupational Safety and Health
Act (OSHA ) of 1970, has established an electromagnetic energy safety standard that applies to the use
of this equipment. Proper use of this equipment will result in exposure below the OSHA limit.
Human Exposure Compliance for RF Energy
STR 3000 Simulcast Base Radios are designed to generate and radiate RF energy by means of
an external antenna. When terminated into a non-radiating RF load, the base radio equipment
is certified to comply with Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regulations pertaining
to human exposure of RF radiation in accordance with the FCC Rules P art 1 section 1.1310 as
published in title 47 code of federal regulations and procedures established in TIA/EIA TSB92, Report
on EME Evaluation for RF Cabinet E missions Under FCC MPE Guidelines.
Compliance to FCC regulations of the final installation should be assessed and take into account
site specific characteristics, such as type and location of antennas, as well as site accessibility of
occupational p erson nel (controlled environment) and general public ( unco ntrolled environment). This
equipment should only be installed and maintained by trained technicians. Licensees of the FCC
using this equipment are responsible for ensuring that its installation and operation comply with FCC
regulations Part 1 section 1.1310 as published in title 47 code of federal regulations.
Whether a given installation meets FCC limits for human exposure to radio frequency radiation
may depend not only on this equipment, but also on whether the “environments” being assessed are
being affected by radio frequency fields from other equipment, the effects of w hich may add to the
level of ex posure. Acco rd ingly, the overall exposure may be affected by radio frequency generating
facilities that exist at the time the licensee’s equipment is being installed or even by equipm ent
installed later. Therefore, the effect of any such facilities must be considered in site selection and
in determining whether a particular installation meets the FCC requirements.
FCC OET Bulletin 65 provides materials to assist in making determinations if a giv en facility is
compliant w ith the human exposure to RF radiation limits. Determining the compliance of transmitter
sites of v arious complexities may be accomplished by means of computational methods.
In general, observe the following guidelines when working in or around radio transmitter sites:
• Ensure that all p ersonnel have electromagnetic energy awareness training.
• Ensure that all personnel entering th e site are authorized.
• Obey all posted signs.
• Assume all antennas are active.
• Beforeworkingonantennas,notifyowners and disable appropriate transmitters.
• Maintain minimum of 1 m (3 ft.) clearance from all antennas.
• Do not stop in front of antennas.
• Use personal RF monitors while working near antennas.
• Never operate transmitters without shields during norm a l operation.
• Do not operate base station antennas in equipment rooms.
68P81003Y71-O November 2002 2-15
Installing the STR 3000 Base Radio Rack Chapter 5: Installin g the Digital Simulcast Remote Site (10Base-2)
Installing the STR 3000 Base Radio Rack
The STR 3000 Base Radio rack contains the R F channels and related components for a simulcast remote site.
The cables shipped with your system were sized for a specific racking
configuration. Swapping equipment within racks or from one rack to another can
put excessive strain on cables and cause cable failures. Do not install additional
equipment or devices into the rack as this may have a negative effect on the
thermal performance of the equipment and result in reduced safety or reliability.
Overview of the STR 3000 Base Radio Rack
The STR 3000 Base Radio is the RF portion of the 800 MHz, digital-only, simulcast remote
site infrastructure. The STR 3000 rack includes from one to six base radios, multicouplers,
combiner, isolator, junction panel, circuit breaker panel, and cabling in a single rack. This rack
provides the transmit and receive capabilities for the remote site.
The STR 3000 rack forwards digital voice and control packets from the comparator to the transmitter
and forwards digital voice and control packets from the receiver to the comparator.
Figure 5-2 shows the STR 3000 Base Radio rack with four base radios.
5-4
68P81003Y71-O November 2002
Simulcast Hardware Installation STR 3000 Rack Modules
Figure 5-2 STR 3000 Base Radio Rack with Four Base Radios
STR 3000 Rack Modules
Table 5-1 lists the hardware modules that comprise the STR 3000 rack.
68P81003Y71-O November 2002 5-5
Base Radio Modules Chapter 5: Installing the Digital Simulcast Remote Site (10Base-2)
Table 5-1 STR 3000 Rack Modules
Module Description
Breaker panel Provides on/off control and electrical overload protection to each module within the cabinet.
Cavity combiner Acts as a band-pass filter, combines two to six transmit signals and places them on a s ingle antenna
port. The minimum channel spacing of the cavity combiner is 150 kHz.
Triple isolator Allows RF to pass from the power amplifier to the combiner and a n tenn a while redirecting any
reflected energy from the antenna system away from the power amp and into a 50 ohm load.
Receive multicoupler (RMC) Supplies a port that takes the signal from the RX antenna and distributes the appropriate
information to each base radio in its rack.
Base radio Handles the transmit and receive functions for the rack through separate modules.
The cavity combiner, triple-through isolator, and receive multicoupler comprise
the Radio Frequency Distribution System (RFDS).
Base Radio M
Table 5-2 Base Radio Modules
-48 V DC powe
Exciter Provides the transmitter and modulatio n functions for t he base radio in conjunction with
Power amplifier (PA) Provides the transmitter functi ons for the base radio in conjunction with th e exciter.
Base radi
Receiver Provides the back end receive function.
o controller
odules
The base radio consists of different modules that handle the transmit and receive functions
for the rack. Table 5-2 lists these modules.
Module Description
r supply
Figure 5-3 shows the layout for t he base radio modules.
Converts th
the power a
The PA acce
signal f or transmission via the RF output connector.
Provides
e -48 VDC input to the voltages required by the other base radio modules.
mplifier.
pts the low-level modulated RF signal from the exciter and amplifies the
signal processing and operational control for other b ase radio modules.
5-6
68P81003Y71-O November 2002
Simulcast Hardware Installation Installing the STR 3000 Base Radio Rack
Figure 5-3 Layout of the Base Radio Modules
Installing the STR 3000 Base Radio Rack
The STR 3000 Base Radio Rack is shipped in a cabinet. To install this STR 3000 cabinet, prepare
the site and bolt the rack to the floor in t he location indicated on the site design drawings.
Placement of the Rack
Always use two or more persons and appropriate lifting equipment
whenever moving an STR 3000 rack. A fully configured rack weighs
approximately 360 kg (800 lbs). Death, serious personal injury, or
equipment damage can result if the rack tips over.
General suggestions for placing the rack are as follows:
• Secure the rack on a firm and level floor. Use the correct mounting hardware
to eliminate component movement.
• Use strain relief when installing and positioning cables and cords t o ensure
that no interruption of service occurs.
• Locate the STR 3000 cabinet where it can be serviced easily. Service people
require access to the front and the rear of the system.
• Locate the STR 3000 cabinet in an area that is free of dust, smoke, and debris.
• Maintain proper grounding and electrostatic discharge (ESD) precautions.
68P81003Y71-O November 2002 5-7
Installing the Rack Chapter 5: Installing the Digital Simulcast Remote Site (10Base-2)
• Maintain p ro per climate and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) controls.
The base radio and combiner unit weight exceeds 32 kg (70 lbs) and requires
two people to lift when removing the unit from the rack. To avoid injury,
fully support a unit when it is free from the mounting rails.
Installing the Rack
Perform Procedure 5-1 to install the STR 3000 rack.
Procedure 5-1 How to Install the STR 3000 Rack
1
2
3
4 Check to ens
5
Place the rack carefully in the designated area where it will be installed at the
remote site. See the site plan for the correct location.
Bolt the rack to the floor using the correct hardware for the type of installati on.
See the Standards a nd Guidelines for Communication Sites (6 8P81089E50) for
details on a rack installation.
Verify proper grounding of the rack.
ure all of the boards are properly seated in the site controller chassis.
Boards may have loo sen ed during shipping.
Connect power connections to the STR 3000 rack.
See "Connecting Power to the STR 3000 Rack" o n page 5-9 for more information .
Connecting the STR 3000 Rack to Ground
Connect each cabinet frame to the site master ground bar using a single dedicated 2 AWG ground w ire.
The site ground wire should drop into the top of each cabinet and be connected to the designated
grounding stud located at the junction panel at the top rear of the cabinet. Single hole lugs
(1.27 cm (0.5-in.) diameter) are used for these grounding connections.
Never use a bare or damaged wire for the connection of chassis ground or other
electrical wiring to prevent damage to equipment or potential injury to personnel.
5-8
68P81003Y71-O November 2002
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