Mitsubishi M54125P Datasheet

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M54125L/P

EARTH LEAKAGE CURRENT DETECTOR

DESCRIPTION

The M54125 is a semiconductor integrated circuit consisting of an
amplifier for high-speed earth leakage circuit breaker.

FEATURES

●Satisfies JIS C 8371

●Temperature-stable input current trigger threshold (VLKT = 9mV)

●Capable of detecting a lost phase on the neutral line

●Economical, low external component count

●Highly resistant to noise and power surges

●Wide operating temperature range (Ta = -20 – +80°C)

APPLICATION

High-speed earth-leakage circuit breakers

FUNCTION

The M54125 is a semiconductor integrated circuit for use in the
amplifier section of earth-leakage circuit breakers. It consists of a
differential amplifier, one-shot circuit, output circuit, current
regulator, waveform regulator and delay circuit. The following
description refers to the block diagram, application example, and
operational waveforms.

PIN CONFIGURATION(TOP VIEW

1

Output

Input

Input

Input

TD

ILK

VB

MM

OUT

GND

MM
OUT
GND

NC

TD
NC
WF
IBL

RX
NC
NC

VS

ILK

VB

→←
←

→←

→←
→
→

→

→

→

←
←

2
3
4
5
6

M54125L

7
8

9
10
11
12
13
14

Outline 14P5A

1

M54125P

2
3
4

10

9

←
←

8

→←

7

→←

65

Capacitor

Capacitor C

Capacitor CWF

External resistor

Bias voltage

Bias voltage

Capacitor

Output

N.C: no connection

VS
RX

External resistor

IBL

Input

WF

Capacitor C
Capacitor CTD

TD

WF

BLOCK DIAGRAM (Note: Pin No. in parentheses are of M54125L)

External

VS

(12) (9) (8) (7)

Voltage

regulator

VCC

resistor Input Capacitor C

RX IBL WF TD

Bias
current
source

Comparator

VBLT

VB

A • VLKT

A

Amplifier

Comparator

Wave-

form

regulator

One-shot

multi vibrator

Outline 10P2-C

WF Capacitor CWF

678910

(5)

Delay
circuit

Output

circuit

1 2 3

ILK VB MM OUT GND

Input Bias Capacitor Output

M54125L/P

4

5

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µ

EARTH LEAKAGE CURRENT DETECTOR

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS(Ta = -20 – 80°C unless otherwise noted

M54125L/P

Symbol

S

I
IS(SO)
∆VILK
VIBL

VOUT
Pd

Supply voltage
Supply surge current

ILK input voltage
IBL input voltage V

OUT applied voltage
Power dissipation

Parameter Conditions

Topr Operating temperature
T

stg

Note 1: I

Storage temperature

S(SG) current waveform, which is given in the following diagram, shall be one shot or less per minute.

Average supply current frequency
per cycle

(Note 1)
Pin VB serves as the voltage

reference

When external voltage is applied

IS(SG)

40

1

S

S

12mA

6mA

0mA

Ratings

0

0 – 12

-1.8

-0.3

-0.3

-20

-55

– 6

– +1.8

– 6
– 4

160

– 80

– 125

Unit

mA
mA

V

V

mW

°C
°C

RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS(Ta = -20 – 80°C unless otherwise noted

Symbol

V

S

I

S

Supply voltage 12
Supply current

Parameter

When output OUT is OFF
Average power supply current per

cycle

CMM External capacitor MM
CWF
CTD
RX

External capacitor WF
External capacitor TD
External resistor R

X

Handling of unused pins when the abnormal voltage detection function is not used

• Pin R

X must be left open

• Pin TD must be shorted to GND

• Pin WF and pin IBL may be left open or shorted to GND

Limits

Min. Typ. Max.

5.6

0.22
1

6.8
27

Unit

V

mA

µF
µF
µF

kΩ

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M54125L/P

EARTH LEAKAGE CURRENT DETECTOR

LEAKAGE DETECTION FUNCTION

When leakage current current Ig appears on the primary side of
zero-current transformer, ZCT, leakage signal voltage VILK appears
on the secondary side and is input at ILK with bias VB as the
reference. In the half cycle when VILK is negative, capacitor CMM
connected to MM charges until VILK reaches the DC trip voltage.
If the voltage at MM does not reach the MM positive threshold
voltage, when the charging phase is completed, capacitor CMM
discharges at a small current. The output OUT is reset to the off
state (in which output current flows in) when VMM descends to the
MM negative threshold voltage.
Earth-leakage currents are detected when the amplitude of input
voltage VILK exceeds the DC trip voltage VLKT for longer than the
detection time tMM. The output OUT turns on for time tOUT. The
output current is used to turn on the thyristor that opens the
breaker contacts.

WAVEFORM DIAGRAM

ABNORMAL VOLTAGE DETECTION FUNCTION

Normally VIBL, fixed amplitude AC supply that has been rectified
and divided by a resistor, is input to abnormal voltage input IBL.
When a fault occurs in the neutral line N, successive peaks of VIBL
become alternately small and large, with the levels determined by
the load on the AC power lines A and B.
When the amplitude of VIBL exceeds the abnormal voltage trip
voltage VBLT, capacitor CWF connected to pin WF discharges. After
the discharge shase is completed, charging begins again.) When
voltage VWF at WF drops below the WF threshold voltage,
capacitor CTD at TD charges, and after delay time tTD, when
voltage VTD at TD reaches the TD threshold voltage, output OUT
turns on, activating the circuit breaker. To avoid misoperation due
to the effect of repeated one-shot noise that brings VIBL above
VBLT, the voltage drops to the initial value only after time tWF.
This abnormal voltage detection circuit is enabled only when an
external resistor RX is connected to pin RX to enable the current
flow.

1) Voltage waveform when earth leakage is detected.

ILK

V

ILK

V

B

V

B

VMM

0

MM

0

OUT

2) Voltage waveform when abnormal voltage is detected.

Nois

e

WF threshold voltage

tWF(55ms)

IBL

WF

TD

VISL

0

VWF

0

0

IMM

3ms

VBTL(3.9V)

VLKT

MM positive direction threshold voltage

tOUT(45ms)

Note: Values in the parentheses are for reference onl

MM negative direction threshold voltage

TD

V

tTD(300ms)

.

TD threshold voltage

OUT

0

MITSUBISHI <CONTROL / DRIVER IC>

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M54125L/P

EARTH LEAKAGE CURRENT DETECTOR

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(VCC = 5V and Ta = -20 – 80°C unless otherwise noted

Symbol Test conditions

S1

I

S2 Supply current 2

I
VLKT
IMM+

IMM-
tMM
IOU+

IOU-

tOUT
VSM

IS3

Supply current 1

Trip voltage
Sink current

Source current
Detect inhibit time
Sink current

Source current

Output pulse width
Maximum current

voltage

Supply current 3

Parameter

Pin VS
Pin VS

Pin ILK
and VB

Pin MM
Pin MM
Pin MM
Pin OUT

Pin OUT

Pin OUT
Pin VS

Pin VS

VS = 12V, ∆VILK = 0mV, Out : “OFF”

S = 16V, ∆VILK = -15mV, Out : “ON”

V
V

S = 16V, VLKT : 60Hz

Test circuit 3

S = 16V, ∆VILK = 0mV, VMM = 0.8V

V
V

S = 16V, ∆VILK = -15mV, VMM = 0.8V

V

S = 16V

V

S = 16V, ∆VILK = 0mV, VOUT = 0.2V

VS = 16V, ∆VILK = -15mV
VOUT = 0.8V

V

S = 16V

S = 3.5mA

I
V

S = 12V, VILK : 0mV

VIBL = 0V, OUT : “OFF”
Test circuit 2

VS = 12V, VILK : -15mV

IS4

Supply current 4

Pin VS

VIBL = 12V, OUT : “ON”
Test circuit 2

VBLT
IIBL
IWF+

IWF-
tWF

ITD+
ITD-
tDT

Trip voltage
Input current
Sink current

Source current
Recovery time
Sink current
Source current
Delay time

Pin IBL
Pin IBL
Pin WF

Pin WF
Pin WF
Pin TD
Pin TD
Pin TD

VS = 16V
V

S = 16V, VIBL = 4.5V

Test circuit 7

S = 16V, VIBL = 4.5V, VWF = 0.5V

V
VS = 16V, VIBL = 0V, VWF = 0.5V

VS = 16V
VS = 16V, VIBL = 0V, VTD = 0.5V

V

S = 16V, VIBL = 4.5V, VTD = 0.5V

V

S = 16V

Temperature

25
25

-20
25
80

25

25
25

25

25
25

Limits

Min. Max.

4

170

-110

1.7

150

-200

-100

-70
25

20

3.6

1

-22
35

1

-22

200

0.7

1.2
9

370

-250
4

100

26

1

1.4

4.1

0.8

-30
70

-30

420

Unit

mA
mA

mVrms

µA

µA

ms

µA

µA

ms

V

mA

mA

V

µA

mA

µA
ms

mA

µA
ms

Test

circuit

1

1

4

4

10

5

5

10

6

7

8
8

11

9
9

12

APPLICATION EXAMPLE

RX

VS

current

Voltage

regulator

VCC

ILK

MZ Core Series by Soryo Denshi Kagaku Co., Ltd (Mitsubishi Subsidiary)

Note 2 :

RX

Bias

source

VBLT

VB A • VLKT

A

VB

Comparator

M54125L/P

Amplifier

Note 2

ZCT

CWF CTD

IBL WF

Waveform

regulator

Comparator

One-shot

multivibrator

MM

Tel. [phone]

CMM

OUT

Delay
circuit

Output

circuit

TD

GND

AC power input

AN

ANB

Load

B

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q

EARTH LEAKAGE CURRENT DETECTOR

TEST CIRCUIT(CMM = 0.22µF, CTD = 6.8µF and RX = 27kΩ unless otherwise noted

M54125L/P

1

IS 1 and IS 2 Measurement

∆VILK

ILK
VB

VOUT

CMM

MM
OUT
GND

MD234 or

uivalent

E

∗: IS 2 is the value after OUT turns on. (V

3

VLKT

VIBL

ILK
VB

CMM

MM
OUT

VOUT

GND

VS
RX
IBL

WF

TD

out > 0.5V)

VS
RX
IBL

WF

TD

VS

A

IS 1, IS 2

VS

2

IS 3 and IS 4 Measurement

∆VILK

VOUT

CMM

ILK
VB
MM
OUT
GND

VS
RX

IBL

WF

TD

∗: IS 4 is the value after OUT turns on.

4

IMM+ and IMM- Measurement

∆VILK

ILK
VB

A

IMM+

IMM-

VMM

MM
OUT
GND

VS

RX
IBL
WF

TD

RX

CWF

CTD

VS

A

IS 3, IS 4

VIBL

VS

∗:VLKT is the value of VIBL when OUT turns on as VIBL is

gradually increased.

5

IOU+, IOU- Measurement

VS

∆VILK

ILK
VB

CMM

IOU+

A

IOU-

VOUT

MM
OUT
GND

VS

RX
IBL
WF

TD

6

VSM Measurement

ILK
VB
MM
OUT
GND

VS
RX
IBL

WF

TD

VSM

+

V

-

IS

MITSUBISHI <CONTROL / DRIVER IC>

M54125L/P

EARTH LEAKAGE CURRENT DETECTOR

7

VBLT,IIBL Measurement

ILK
VB
MM
OUT
GND

∗: V

BLT is the value of VIBL when VF = 0.5V.

9

ITD+, ITD- Measurement

ILK
VB
MM
OUT
GND

VS
RX
IBL

WF

TD

VS
RX
IBL

WF

TD

RX

RX

ITD+

A

ITD-

VS

8

IWF+, IWF- Measurement

VS

ILK

I

IBL

A

+

V

VWF

-

VIBL

10

VS

IBL

V

VTD

VB
MM
OUT
GND

tMM,tOUT Measurement

VILK

VOUT

VILK

VOUT

tMM

CMM

VS

RX
IBL
WF

TD

ILK
VB
MM
OUT
GND

10ms

RX

t

OUT

1.4V

VS
RX
IBL

WF

TD

IWF+

IWF-

A

VWF

VS

VIBL

1.8V

0.5V

11

tWF Measurement

VIBL

V

12

VS

ILK
VB
MM
OUT
GND

TD

RX
IBL

WF

4.5V

VS

TD

tWF

RX

CµF

0.5V
3kΩ

0.5V

VIBL

V

0V

TD

tTD Measurement

VOUT

VIBL

OUT

V

ILK
VB
MM
OUT
GND

VS
RX

IBL

WF

TD

0V

tTD

RX

CµF

CTD

0.5V

VS

V

IBL

4.5V