MITEL PDSP16510A Datasheet

R15:0

I15:0

DEN

GND

PDSP16510A

PDSP16510

Stand Alone FFT Processor

Supersedes version in December 1993 Digital Video & DSP IC Handbook, HB3923-1 DS3475 - 4.4 May 1996

The PDSP16510 performs Forward or Inverse Fast Fourier Transforms on complex or real data sets containing up to 1024 points. Data and coefficients are each represented by 16 bits, with block floating point arithmetic for increased dynamic range.

An internal RAM is provided which can hold up to 1024 complex data points. This removes the memory transfer bottleneck, inherent in building block solutions. Its organisation allows the PDSP16510 to simultaneously input new data, transform data stored in the RAM, and to output previous results. No external buffering is needed for transforms containing up to 256 points, and the PDSP16510 can be directly connected to an A/D converter to perform continuous transforms. The user can choose to overlap data blocks by either 0%, 50%, or 75%. Inputs and outputs are synchronous to the 40MHz system clock used for internal operations.

A 1024 point complex transform can be completed in some 98µs, which is equivalent to throughput rates of 450 million operations per second. Multiple devices can be connected in parallel in order to increase the sampling rate up to the 40MHz system clock. Six devices are needed to give the maximum performance with 1024 point transforms.

Either a Hamming or a Blackman-Harris window operator can be internally applied to the incoming real or complex data. The latter gives 67dB side lobe attenuation. The operator values are calculated internally and do not require an external ROM nor do they incur any time penalty.

The device outputs the real and imaginary components of the frequency bins. These can be directly connected to the PDSP16330 in order to produce magnitude and phase values from the complex data.

ASSOCIATED PRODUCTS

PDSP16540 Bucket Buffer PDSP16330 Pythagoras Processor. PDSP16256 Programmable FIR Filter. PDSP16350 I/Q Splitter / NCO

DATA INPUT

3 TERM

WINDOW

OPERATOR

COEFFICIENT

ROM

WORKSPACE

RAM

FOUR

DATA PATHS

WORKSPACE

OUTPUT BUFFER

RESULT OUPUT

Fig. 1. Block Diagram

FEATURES

Completely self contained FFT Processor Internal RAM supports up to1024 complex points 16 bit data and coefficients plus block floating point for

increased dynamic range 450 MIP operation gives 98 microsecond transforma-

tion times for 1024 points Up to 40MHz sampling rates with multiple devices. Internal window operator gives 67dB side lobe

attenuation and needs no external ROM. 84 pin PGA or 132 surface mount package

RAM

SAMPLE CLOCK

ANALOG INPUT

CONFIGURATION

WORD

A/D

AUX15:0

D15:0

RESET

GND

DIS

PDSP16510 PDSP16330

DEF

INEN

DAV

DOS

S3:0

CLK

Fig. 2. Typical 256 Point Real Only System Performing Continuous Transforms

PHASE

MAGNITUDE

SCALE VALUE AVAILABLE

PDSP16510

FUNC

D9 D10 D12 D14 DIS VDD DAV GND AUX0 AUX2 AUX4 AUX6 AUX7

D8 D11 D13 D15 DEF INEN SCLK AUX1 AUX3 AUX5 AUX8

D6 D7 AUX9 AUX10

D4 D5 AUX11 AUX12

D2 D3 AUX13 AUX14

GND D1 AUX15 GND

D0 LFLG DEN I15

VDD R0 I14 VDD

R1 R2 I12 I13

R3 R4 I10 I11

R5 R6 I8 I9

R7 R10 R12 R14 S0 DOS S2 I0 I2 I4 I7

R9 R11 R13 R15 VDD S1 GND S3 I1 I3 I5 I6

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Pin Out for 84 PGA Package (AC84) - bottom view

PIN FUNC PIN PIN

FUNC 1 VDD 23 AUX13 45 GND 67 D8 89 GND 111 GND 2 GND 24 VDD 46 VDD 68 D7 90 R3 112 S1 3 I7 25 AUX12 47 SCLK 69 D6 91 VDD 113 GND 4 I8 26 GND 48 GND 70 D5 92 R4 114 DOS 5 I9 27 AUX11 49 GND 71 GND 93 GND 115 DOS 6 I10 28 VDD 50 DAV 72 VDD 94 R5 116 VDD 7 VDD 29 GND 51 GND 73 D4 95 R6 117 S2 8 I11 30 AUX10 52 INEN 74 GND 96 R7 118 GND 9 GND 31 AUX9 53 VDD 75 D3 97 R8 119 S3 10 I12 32 AUX8 54 DEF 76 VDD 98 GND 120 GND 11 VDD 33 AUX7 55 GND 77 D2 99 VDD 121 VDD 12 I13 34 VDD 56 DIS 78 GND 100 R9 122 I0 13 GND 35 AUX6 57 VDD 79 D1 101 VDD 123 I1 14 I14 36 VDD 58 D15 80 VDD 102 R10 124 GND 15 VDD 37 AUX5 59 D14 81 D0 103 R11 125 I2 16 I15 38 GND 60 GND 82 LFLG 104 R12 126 I3 17 GND 39 AUX4 61 D13 83 GND 105 R13 127 I4 18 DEN 40 AUX3 62 D12 84 R0 106 GND 128 GND 19 AUX15 41 AUX2 63 D11 85 GND 107 R14 129 VDD 20 GND 42 VDD 64 D10 86 R1 108 R15 130 I5 21 AUX14 43 AUX1 65 VDD 87 VDD 109 DISAB 131 I6 22 GND 44 AUX0 66 D9 88 R2 110 S0 132 VDD

PIN FUNC PIN FUNC PIN

Pin Out for 132 Leaded Chip Carrier (GC132)

PDSP16510

SIGNAL TYPE DESCRIPTION D15:0 I Data input during real only mode. The real component in complex data mode. AUX15:0 I When DEF is active AUX15:0 are used to define the operating mode as defined in Table 3.

When DEF is in-active AUX15:0 either provide the 16 bit imaginary component of complex input data, or a second set of real only inputs.

R15:0 O These pins output the real component of the transformed data when DAV and DEN are active.

Otherwise they are high impedance.

I15:0 O These pins output the imaginary component of the transformed data when DAV and DEN are

active. Otherwise they are high impedance.

DEF I The high going edge of DEF is used to internally latch the contents of AUX15:0, which then

define the operating mode. In the simplest system DEF is a power on reset. When DEF is low

the internal control logic is reset. SCLK I System clock used for internal computations. S3:0 O These pins indicate the number of shifts towards the binary point which have occurred as the

result of the conditional scaling logic. When the data path right shift is restricted to 2 places

per pass, state 15 is used to indicate an overflow and only a total of 14 shifts is possible. LFLG O This flag indicates that data is being loaded into the device. It goes active in response to an

INEN input, and may be programmed to go in-active after the complete, one quarter, or one

half a data block has been loaded. INEN I The use of this input is mode dependent. It is either used as an active low, load enabling,

signal for the DIS strobe, or it is used to initiate a new block load operation. DIS I The rising edge of this input is used to load data into the device. DOS I The rising edge of this input is used to dump data from the device. In most applications it may

be tied to the DIS input, even if the output rate must be higher than the input rate because of

overlapped data blocks. The DIS input is then internally divided down. DAV O An active low signal that indicates that a transform is complete. Transformed data will then

be output in normal sequential order using DOS. It may be optionally programmed to be

delayed by 24 DOS strobes to match the delay through a PDSP16330. DEN I This input is used to enable the data dump operation when DAV has gone active. If it is tied

low the device will automatically dump data when DAV goes active. Otherwise the device will

wait for the enabling signal to go low before the dump operation commences. DISAB I Only available in the 132 pin GC package. When high the block floating logic is disabled. VDD P +5V pins GND P Ground pins

NOTE. All references to DEF, INEN, DAV, and DEN within the text do not contain the bar designator, signifying an active low

signal. This is considered to be implied by the signal name and is not meant to imply a change in the signal function.

FUNCTIONAL OPERATION

The PDSP16510 performs decimation in time, radix 4, forward or inverse Fast Fourier Transforms. Data is loaded into an internal workspace RAM in normal sequential order, processed, and then dumped in the correct order. With real only input data the processing time can approximately be

halved for a given transform size. Two real inputs then replace a single complex input, and are processed in parallel.

Either a Blackman-Harris or a Hamming window can be generated internally, and applied to the incoming real or complex data with no time penalty. No external ROM is needed to support these windows. The Blackman-Harris window gives improved dynamic range over the Hamming window when two closely

PDSP16510

Shift left until largest point has one sign bit. INPUT

spaced frequencies are to be detected, and one is of smaller magnitude than the other. It does, however, reduce the actual frequency resolution, and the Hamming window may then be preferable.

Data in and out of the device is represented by 16 bit real and imaginary components, with 16 bit sine and cosine values contained in an internal ROM. Conditional scaling, coupled with word growth through the butterfly data path, gives increased dynamic range. Transforms can be computed with sample sizes of either 256 or 1024 data points. The 256 point option can alternatively be used to simultaneously execute either four 64 point transforms, or sixteen 16 point transforms. The 16 point mode can only be used with a rectangular window, and no overlapping of data blocks is possible.

The device can be configured, either, to perform continuous transforms in a real time application, or as slave processor to a more general purpose signal processing system. In the continuous mode, with transform sizes of 256 points or less, it contains three internal control units which simultaneously allow new data to be loaded, present data to be transformed, and previous results to be dumped. Additional, external, input/ output buffering is not needed. The internal input buffer also allows data blocks to be overlapped by either 50% or 75%, apart from the mode with no overlaps.

When 1024 point transforms are to be calculated, without loss of incoming data during the transform time, it is necessary to use an input buffer. This requirement is satisfied by a single PDSP16540 support device.

In any of the real or complex modes it is possible to obtain higher performance by connecting devices in parallel. It is then possible to increase the sampling rate to that of the system clock used for internal operations.

The mode of operation of the device is controlled by 16 bits in a control register. These are loaded through the AUX15:0 port when a control signal DEF is active low. This port is also used to provide the imaginary component of complex input data, and, if complex transforms are to be performed, an external tristate buffer will be needed to isolate the control information. This should only be enabled when DEF is active. DEF is also used to initialise the internal circuitry, and can be a simple power on reset if control

parameters need not be subsequently changed.

DATA PRECISION

SIN / COS

ROM

SELECT

RAM

MULTIPLIER

S S 29 14 13 0- -

18 16

FIRST ADDER

19Bit Result

18 1 0-

SECOND ADDER

19Bit Result

18 1 0-

THIRD ADDER

19Bit Result

18 - 3

17 - 2

"1"

During each pass of a radix-4 fast Fourier transform it is possible for either component of a particular result to grow by a factor of up to four in the first pass, and 5.242 in subsequent passes. This is between two and three bits in each pass and the data path must allow for this word growth to avoid any possibility of overflow. At the end of the data path the word is again reduced to 16 bits by discarding least significant bits. Any un-necessary word growth to prevent overflow thus results in loss of arithmetic precision, and has a detrimental effect on the dynamic range achievable.

In practice these large word growths only occur when bipolar complex square waves are transformed, and even then will not occur on every pass. The PDSP16510 compromises by allowing a 2 bit word growth during the butterfly calculation in the first pass. This is equivalent to ignoring the most significant bit of the 19 bit final result, which is assumed to be an extra sign bit, and then selecting the next 16 bits for

BIT3

Fig. 3 One of Four Data Paths

SELECT

storage. In subsequent passes a Control Register Bit allows the user to continue to select these 16 bits, or instead to use the 16 most significant bits. The latter option is equivalent to a 3 bit word growth. The 2 or 3 bit word growth option applies to ALL subsequent passes and is not a per pass option.

If the 2 bit option is selected there is a possibility of overflow occurring in one of the passes. The prediction of overflow is mathematically difficult, and only occurs with specific complex square waves. Scaling down the inputs cannot be guaranteed to prevent overflow because of the

block floating point shifting scheme, which is discussed later. Overflow can NEVER occur if the 3 bit option is chosen, but at the expense of worse dynamic range.

When overflow does occur a flag is raised which can be read by the user ( see later discussion on scale tag bits ), and the results ignored. In addition all frequency bins are forced to zero to prevent any erroneous system response.

Even with only 2 bit word growth poor dynamic range will be obtained if the data is simply reduced to 16 bits, and becomes worse when the incoming data does not fully occupy all the bits in the word. These problems are overcome in the PDSP16510, however, by a block floating point scheme which compensates for any unnecessary word growth.

During each pass the number of sign bits in the largest result is recorded. Before the next pass, data is shifted left [multiplied by 2], once for every extra sign bit in this recorded sample. At least one component in the block then fully occupies the 16 bit word, and maximum data accuracy is preserved

Up to four shifts are possible before every pass after the first, with a total of fifteen for the complete transform. At the end of the transform the number of left shifts that have occurred is indicated on S3:0. Lack of pins prevents a separate output being available to indicate that overflow has occurred in the 2 bit word growth option. For this reason the maximum number of compensating left shifts in this mode is restricted to 14. State 15 is then used to indicate that overflow has occurred.

The first step in the butterfly calculation multiplies 16 bit data values with 16 bit sine/cosine values, to give 18 bit results. This increased word length preserves accuracy through the following adder network, and has been shown through simulations to be an optimum size for transform sizes up to 1024 points. This is particularly true when the input data is restricted to below 16 bits, as is necessary with practical A/ D converters with very high sampling rates. The bottom bit of this 18 bit word is forced to logical one and as such is a compromise between truncation and true rounding. It gives a lower noise floor in the outputs compared to simple truncation.

To prevent any possibility of overflow during the butterfly calculation the word length is allowed to grow by one bit through each of the three adders. The least significant bit is always discarded in the first two adders . Sixteen bits are then chosen from the final adder in the manner discussed earlier, and the number of sign bits in the largest result is recorded for use in the following pass.

Fig. 3 shows one of the four internal data paths which can compute a radix-4 butterfly in twelve system clock cycles. This equates to completing the butterfly in 3 cycles for the complete device.

PDSP16510

TRANSFORM

WORKSPACE FFT

INPUT DATA

LOAD

Fig. 5. RAM Organization with 1024 Point Transforms

RAM has been designed for use in a wide variety of applications. The provision of an independent input strobe (DIS), allows data to be loaded without the need for additional external buffering. An independent output strobe (DOS) is also provided. DIS and DOS can thus be tied together, this being particularly useful when the device is performing the inverse transform back to the time domain. Transfer of data occurs internally from DIS to SCLK, so although thay can be of different frequencies, they must be synchronous to each other. In the same way transfer of data also occurs from SCLK to DOS, so while DOS can also be independent of SCLK it must also be synchronous to it. Inputs and outputs are both supported by flag and enabling signals which allow transfers to be properly co-ordinated with the internal transform operation.

In many applications the DIS and DOS inputs can be tied together and fed by the sampling clock. If the output rate must be higher than the input rate, as with multiple devices supporting overlapped data samples, both strobes can still be connected together. The clock supplied should then be twice or four times the sampling clock, and an internal divider can be used to provide the correctly reduced input rate. The provision of a separate DOS pin does, however, allow the output rate to be different to the input rate, and therefore faster than strictly needed. Further output processing at higher rates is then possible if this is advantageous to system requirements.

The internal workspace is double buffered when 256 point transforms are to be performed. A separate output buffer is also provided. These resources, together with separate input and output buses, allow new data to be loaded and old results to be dumped, whilst the present transform is being computed. Additional, external, input buffering is not needed to prevent loss of incoming data whilst a transform is being performed.

When block overlapping is required, internally stored data will be re-used, and a proportionally smaller number of new samples need be loaded. Note that the internal window operator still functions correctly since it is actually applied during the first pass, and not whilst data is being loaded. The internal RAM organisation is shown in Fig. 4. It should be

DATA PATH

OUTPUT

DATA TRANSFERS

The data transfer mechanism to and from the internal

WORKSPACE

FFT

INPUT DATA

LOAD

TRANS-

FORM

WORKSPACE

DATA PATH

BUFFER

LOAD IN LAST PASS

SAMPLE CLOCK POWER ON RESET

510 PARAMETERS

GND

WEN

IMAG'

O/P

REAL

SYSTEM

CLOCK

PDSP16540

BUCKET BUFFER

MD5:0

GND

RES

DAV

AUX

INEN

DEF

DAV

PDSP16510

SCLK

DIS

GND

DEN

DOS

Fig. 6. 1024 Point Transforms with I/P BufferFig. 4. RAM Organization with 256 Data Points

PDSP16510

noted that the amount of overlap between I/O transfers and transforms is completely under the control of the system, since an input enable signal (INEN) and an output enable (DEN) can be used to initiate transfers.

In the 1024 point mode there is insufficient workspace for input and output buffering in addition to working memory. The device is then configured in a mode with separate load, transform and dump operations. The internal arrangement is shown in Fig. 5. The support of an external input buffer is needed if incoming samples are not to be lost whilst a transform is in progress. This is loaded at the sample clock rate and transferred to the FFT processor as quickly as possible. In this mode the PDSP16510 always expects to receive 1024 words, regardless of the amount of block overlapping. Data stored internally cannot be re-used when block overlapping is required, and data from the external buffer must be re-read as necessary.

Fig. 6 illustrates a typical 1024 point system with an input buffer which supports complex input data. The input buffer can be provided by a PDSP16540 Bucket Buffer without the need for any external control logic. It supplies RAM for 1024 x 32 complex words, and allows transfers to the FFT Processor at the full system clock rate. The PDSP16540 also supports the standard 50% and 75% data block overlapping, but in addition allows the user to define the amount of overlap to

1 N/2 N

DIS

within 32 words.

If no incoming data is to remain un-processed, the user must ensure that the time taken to acquire sufficient data to instigate a new transform is greater than or equal to the transformation time itself. The latter can be calculated from Table 4, once the system clock rate has been defined. When 1024 point transforms are performed, both the time to read data from the input buffer, and also the time to dump data, must be included in the calculation to determine the minimum time in which data can be loaded into the external buffer.

The peak transfer rate is limited by the characteristics of the I/O circuits, but can be greater than the sampling rate which is determined by the transform time. When load and dump operations are not concurrent with transform operations ( as in the 1024 point modes ), then the maximum I/O rate is equal to the system clock rate, Ø. When other transform sizes are specified, the sampling rate, S, is reduced by a factor F. This is defined below where Ø is in MHz and L is the system clock low time in nanoseconds :

S = FØ, where F = 4 / (6+0.001ØL) F is typically 0.66 and applies to all transforms except for those

of 1024 points, even if INEN is driven such that concurrent operations do not actually occur (Note also that S must be

DATA IN

INEN

LFLG

INEN

Edge activated system

VALID

TSD THD

TSA THA

Min Time =THA

TSI THI

TFH TFL

50% Overlap

TFL

TFH

TSA

TED

16510A,A0,B0,C0

Characteristic Symbol Min Max Units

Data In set up Time T Data In Hold Time T INEN active going set up T INEN active Hold Time T INEN in-active Hold Time to ensure no load T INEN in-active going set up for no load operation T Delay to LFLG going active ( 30 pf load ) T Delay to LFLG going in-active ( 30 pf load ) T Min time to INEN low in edge mode T

10 ns

0 ns 8 ns 0 ns 2 ns 8 ns

10 ns 10 ns

15 ns

Table 1. Advanced Timing Information with Continuous Inputs.

PDSP16510

synchronous to SCLK). If this causes a system limitation in a single device application, then the device can be configured for pseudo, Mode 2, multiple device operation. Separate load, transform, and then dump operations will then always occur, but DEN must be low when a transform is complete or DAV will never go active. See the section on multiple device operation.

LOADING DATA

Data loading is controlled by three signals; DIS an input strobe, INEN a load enable, and LFLG an output flag. Detailed timing information is given in Table 1. Once sufficient data has been acquired, a transform will automatically commence. This is normally after a complete block has been loaded, except when a single device is performing overlapped transforms of 256 points or less. With 75% overlapping, transforms will commence after 25% of a new block has been loaded, and with 50% overlapping transforms commence after 50% of the data has been loaded. The remainder of the block is provided by data already stored in the internal RAM.

The data strobe is used to load data into the internal workspace RAM, and data must meet the specified set up and hold times with respect to its rising edge. DIS can be a continuous input since the device only loads data when an input enabling signal is active.

An internal synchronisation interval is necessary between the last sample being loaded with the DIS strobe and transforms being started with the system clock. This can be up to twelve system clock periods when data transfers and transforms are overlapped. The transform times given later in Table 4 are maximum values, and include these twelve periods.

The way in which the INEN signal controls data loading is dependent on whether a single or multiple device is to be implemented, and the status of Control Register Bit 12.

When Bit12 is set in a SINGLE device system the INEN signal is simply used as an enable for the DIS strobes. When INEN is low, and provided the relevant set up and hold times have been satisfied, data will be loaded with the rising edge of the DIS strobe. If no gaps occur within the incoming data, INEN can be tied permanently low, provided that the sampling rate has been chosen such that transforms are completed before a new block of data is loaded. For transforms of less than 1024 points, data will then be continually processed without any loss of information. In the 1024 point modes the device will cease loading data when 1024 samples have been loaded, and even if INEN remains low no more data will be accepted until the previous results have been dumped.

In a multiple device system an edge is ALWAYS needed to commence a load operation, and Bit 12 has a different purpose. The edge is provided by INEN going low. Loading will cease when a complete block (or group of blocks with multiple concurrent transforms) of data has been loaded, even if INEN remains low. INEN must go high at some point after the minimum hold time has been satisfied, and then return low AFTER ALL DATA HAS BEEN LOADED, before a new load operation can commence. Low going edges which occur before all data has been loaded will be ignored.

The INEN edge mode is actually provided for the correct operation of multiple device systems, but if Bit 12 in the Control Register is reset in the SINGLE device mode, the edge activated operation will still be possible. With all but 256 point

complex transforms, the single device edge mode of operation is identical to that of a multiple device system. With 256 point transforms, and their concurrent derivatives, the location of the low going edge in the data stream is dependent on the amount of block overlapping. The low going edge transition must be provided after 64 samples have been loaded with 75% overlapping, and after 128 samples have been loaded with 50% overlapping. With no overlapping the edge must be provided after 256 samples have been loaded.

In a single device system with Bit 12 set, INEN can be taken high to inhibit the load operation when gaps occur in the data stream. In the INEN edge activated mode gaps in the data stream can only be accommodated if the DIS clock is externally inhibited. Taking INEN high will not inhibit the loading of data in this mode.

With gaps in the data stream the peak sampling rates can be higher than continuous sampling rates. When data loading is not coincident with transform operations the peak rate can equal that of the system clock, otherwise it is reduced by the factor, F, given on the opposite page.

When Control Register Bit 12 is set in any multiple device mode, the DEF high going edge will also initiate a load operation after it has been internally synchronised to the rising DIS edge. If the first device in a multiple device system is programmed in this manner, the transform sequence will automatically start when DEF goes in-active. The other devices need the INEN edge as usual, and must have Bit 12 reset. A fuller explanation of the use of Bit 12 in a multiple device mode is given in the section on I/O In Multiple Device Systems. Note that the use of Bit 12 in a single device system (Control Register Bits 10:9 = 00) is completely different to its use in a multiple device mode.

The LFLG output goes active in response to the DIS rising edge used to load the first data sample, and indicates that a load operation is occurring. In an edge activated system the LFLG output will go high as the result of the first high going DIS edge after INEN has gone low. In the simple INEN enabling mode, internal logic counts the number of valid inputs and detects when the programmed block length has been reached. LFLG then goes low and will go high again in response to the next valid DIS strobe. LFLG will go low when DEF is active and will go high in response to the first INEN enabled DIS edge after DEF has gone in- active.

The active going LFLG edge does not normally have any system significance, but in the block overlapping modes the in-active going edge will occur when 50% or 75% of the data has been loaded. By driving the INEN input on one device with the LFLG output from a previous device, this edge can be used to partition data between several devices in a multiple device system. It can also be used to provide an address marker for a user defined input buffer, when executing 1024 point transforms with a single device. It is not needed, however, when the input buffer is provided by the PDSP16540.

DUMPING DATA

Data output is controlled by an output strobe [DOS], a dump enable signal [DEN], and a Data Available signal [DAV]. The DAV signal is used to indicate that the internal output buffer contains transformed data, and the DEN input is used to control the outputting of that data. The output buffer within the device is clocked by the DOS input, and must be primed

PDSP16510

with a number of DOS strobes (see "user notes - stopping DOS") once a transform is complete in order to transfer data to the output pins. DAV will not go active until this priming has occurred.

The state of the DEN input at the end of a transform is used to control the transition of the active going edge of the DAV output with respect to the DOS strobes. The latter are then used to transfer data from the device to the next system component. If the DEN input is tied low in a single device system, the active going DAV transition will be internally synchronised to the rising edge of a DOS clock. If DEN is not tied low it must be guaranteed to be low at the end of the internal transform operation for this synchronization to occur. Since there is no external indication of this event, the user must take care to only allow DEN to go high whilst DAV is active, if this DAV synchronous mode is needed.

SYNCHRONIZED DAV OPERATION

In the DAV synchronised mode the first rising edge of the DOS clock, after DAV has gone active, must be used to transfer the first transformed sample from the output pins to the next system component. It should be noted that the output buffer will have been primed before the active DAV transition, since DOS must be a continuous clock, and there is then no delay before the first output becomes valid. The DAV output can be used as a clock enable for this next device, and transfers will continue in normal sequential order until the required data has been dumped. DAV will then go inactive in response to the last DOS edge which was used to transfer data to the next device.

This mode of automatically dumping data when it is ready finds applications in real time data flow systems, and detailed

timing is given in Table 2. It should be noted that the DOS input MUST be continually present before DAV goes active. If this is not the case the DAV output will not go active at the correct time, and the internal output circuitry will not be primed. Once DAV is active, however, it is possible for DOS to be irregular, and DEN can be used to inhibit the action of the output strobe as discussed previously. For the correct operation of the device the user must ensure that DOS becomes continuous and DEN remains low once DAV goes in-active.

When continuously transforming data such that new outputs are internally available before the previous block has been completely dumped, then DAV would normally stay active and give no indication that one block dump had been finished and another block started. Additional internal circuitry is, however, provided to ensure that DAV goes inactive for one DOS high time, thus supplying an inter block marker.

ASYNCHRONOUS DAV MODE

If DEN is not active in a single device when the transform is complete, then the device will wait for DEN to go active before any data is dumped. This mode is suitable for applications in which output processing is under the control of a remote host, such as a general purpose digital signal processor. The DAV output will then go active as soon as the output buffer is full, and will not be synchronised to the DOS edge. In such systems the DOS strobe may not necessarily be present at this time. Table 3 gives the relevant timing information.

In this host controlled dump mode the PDSP16510 waits for the host to activate the DEN input after DAV has gone active. DEN then functions as an enable for the host produced data strobes on the DOS pin. DEN may either stay active for the complete transfer, or may be used to enable each DOS

DOS

DATA O/P

S3:0

DAV

TVD

TDD

O/P 1 O/P 2

TLZ TDH

TDD

Scale Tag Value

TVI

THZ

16510A,A0,B0,C0

Characteristic Symbol Min Max Units

Output Enable Time T Output Disable Time T Data Delay Time ( 30 pf load ) T Data Hold Time T DAV active Delay Time ( 30 pf load ) T DAV in active Delay Time ( 30 pf load ) T

2 ns 1 10 ns 1 10 ns

15 ns 15 ns 15 ns

Table 2. Output Timing with DEN tied low. ( Advanced Data )

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