1C4i4.096 MHz Clock. The ST-BUS timing clock used to establish bit cell boundaries for the serial
bus.
2F0i
Framing P ul se. A low going pulse used to synchronize the STPA t o the 2048 kbit/s ST-BUS
stream. The first falling edge of C4i
subsequent to the falling edge of F0i identifies the start of
a frame.
3IACK
Interrupt Acknowledge (Mode 1). This active low input signals that the current bus cycle is
an interrupt vector fetch cycle. Upon receiving this acknowledgement, the STPA wi ll
output a user-programmed vector num ber on D
- D7 indicating the source of the interrupt.
0
MS1Mode Select 1 (Mode 2,3). This input is used to select the device operating modes. A low
applied to this pin will select mode 3 while a high will select mode 2. (Refer to Table 1.)
4STi0ST -BUS Input 0. This is the input for the 2048 kbit/s ST-BUS serial data stream.
5CS
6DS
Chip Select. This active low input is used to select the STPA for a parallel access .
Data Strobe (Mode 1). This active low input indicates to the STPA that valid data is on the data
bus during a write operation or that the STPA must output valid data on the data bus during a
read operation.
OE
OE
Output Enable (Mode 2). This active low input enables the data bus driver outputs.
Output Enable (Mode 3). This active low output indicates that the selected device is to be
read and that the data bus is available for data transfer.
7 R/W
Read/Write (Mode 1,2). This input defines the data bus transfer as a read (R/W = 1) or a write
= 0) cycle.
(R/W
WE
Write Enable (Mod e 3). This active low output ind icate s the data on t he data bus is to be
written into the selected location of an external device.
8-12A0-A4 Address Bus (Mode 1, 2). These inputs are used to select the internal registers and two-port
memories of the STPA.
A0-A4 Address Bus (Mode 3). These address outputs are generat ed by the ST PA and reflect the
position in internal RAM where the information will be fetched f rom or stored in. Addresses
generated in this mode are used to access external devices for direct memory t ransfer.
3-4
Pin Description (continued)
CMOSMT8920B
Pin #NameDescription
‡
13A5Address Bit A5 (Mode 1). This input is used to extend the address range of the STPA. A5
selects internal registers when high and Tx/Rx RAM’s when low.
A5Address Bit A5 (Mode 2). This input is used to extend the address range of the STPA. A5
selects Tx0/Rx0 RAM’s when low and Tx1/Rx0 RAM’s when high.
STCH
Start of Channel (Mod e 3). This signal is a low going pulse which indicates the start of an
ST-BUS channel. The pulse is four bits wide and begins at the start of each valid channel.
14V
SS
Ground .
15-22D0-D7 Bidi recti onal Data Bus. This bus is used to transfer data to or from the STPA during a write
or read operation.
23STo0ST -BUS Output 0. This output supplies the output ST-BUS 2048 kbit/s serial data stream from
Tx0 two-port RAM.
24STo1ST-BUS Output 1. In modes 1 and 2 this output supplies the output ST-B US 2048 kbit/s serial
data stream from Tx1 two-port RAM. In mode 3, information arriving at STi0 is output here with
one frame delay.
25IRQ
Interrupt Request (Mo de 1). This open drain output, when low, indicates when an interrupt
condition has been raised within the STPA.
24
/3224 Channel/32 Chan ne l Select (Mode 2,3). This input is used to select the channel
configuration in modes 2 and 3. A low applied to this pin will select a 24 (T1) channel mode
while a high will select a 32 (CEPT) cha nnel m ode.
26DTACK
Data Transfer Acknowledge (Mode 1). This open drain output is supplied by the STPA to
acknowledge the completion of data transfers back to the µP. On a read of the STPA, DTACK
low indicates that the STPA has put valid data on the data bus. On a write, DTACK
low
indicates that the STPA has completed latching the µP’s data from the data b us.
BUSY
BUSY (Mode 2). This open drain output signals that the controller and th e ST-BUS are
accessing the same location in the dual-port RAM’s. It is intended to delay the controller
access until after the ST-BUS completes its access.
DCS
Delayed Chip Se lect (Mo de 3). This low going pulse, which is four bit cells long, is active
during the last half of a valid channel. This signal is used to daisy-chain together two STPA’s in
mode 3 that are accessing devices on the same parallel data bus.
27MMSMaster M ode Select (Re set). This Schmitt trigger input selects bet ween either mode 1 (MMS
= 1), or modes 2and 3 (MMS = 0). I f MMS is pulsed low in Mode 1 operation the control and
interrupt registers will be reset. (Refer to Table 1.) During power-up, the time constant of the
reset circuit (see Fig. 8) must be a minimum of five times the rise time of the power supply.
28V
‡ Pin Descriptions pertain to all modes unless otherwise stated.
Mode MMSMS1
11N/AµP
201Fast RAM
300 Bus
Power Supp ly Input. (+5V).
DD
Mode of
Operation
The STPA provides parallel-to-serial and serial-to-parallel conversions through a
Peripheral
Mode
Mode
Controller
Mode
68000-type interface. Two Tx RAMs and one Rx RAM are available along with full
interrupt capability . 32 channel or 24 channe l support is ava ilable. Control Register 1, bit
D
5
operation.
The STPA provides a fast access interface to Tx0, Tx1 and Rx0 RAMs. This mode is
intended for full parallel support of 24 channel T1/ESF trunks and 32 channel CEPT
trunks. Input 24
channel operation.
The STPA will synchronously drive the parallel bus using the address generator and
provide all data transfer signals. This mode is intended to support 24 or 32 channel
devices in the absence of a parallel bus controller. Input 24
operation, input 24
Function
(RAMCON) = 0 for 32 channel operation and D5 (RAMCON)= 1 for 24 channel
/32 (pin 25) = 0 for 24 channel operation, input 24/32 (pin 25) = 1 for 32
/32 (pin 25) = 0 for 24 channel
/32 (pin 25) = 1 for 32 channel operation.
Ta ble 1. STPA Modes of Op eratio n
3-5
MT8920BCMOS
Functional Description
The STPA (ST-BUS Parallel Access) device provides
a simple interface between Mitel’s ST-BUS and
parallel system environments. The ST-BUS is a
synchronous, time division, multiplexed serial
bussing scheme with data streams operating at 2048
kbit/s. The ST-BUS is the primary means of access
for voice, data and control information to Mitel’s
family of digital telecommunications components,
including North American and European digital trunk
interfaces, ISDN U and S digital line interfaces, filter
codecs, rate adapters, etc. The STPA provides
several modes of operation optimized according to
the type of inform ation being handled.
For interfacing parallel data and control information
to the ST-BUS, such as signalling and link control for
digital trunks, the STPA provides a µP access mode
(Mode 1), and looks like a 68000 type peripheral. In
this mode, the device provides powerful interrupt
features, useful in monitoring digital trunk or line
status (i.e., synchronization, alarms, etc.) or for
setting up message communication links between
microprocessors.
To interface high speed data or multi-channel v oice/
data to the S T-BUS for switching or transmission, the
STPA has a high speed synchronous access mode
(Mode 2) and acts like a fast RAM. For voice
storage and forward, bulk data transfer, data
buffering and other similar applications, the STPA
has a controllerless mode (Mode 3) in which it
provides address and control signals to the parallel
bus This is useful for performing direct transfers to
the ST-BUS from external devices such as a RAM
buffer.
The STPA is a two port device as shown in the
functional block diagram in Figure 1. The parallel
port provid es direc t acces s to thr ee dual port RA M’s,
two transmit and one receive. The address, data
and control busses are used to communicate
between the RAM‘s and a parallel environment.
Two parallel-to-serial converters, and one
serial-to-parallel converter interface the dual port
RAM’s to the ST-BUS port of the STPA. This port
consists of two serial output streams and one serial
input stream operating at 2048 kbit/s. This
configuration of two outputs and one input was
designed to allow a single STPA to form a complete
control interface to Mitel’s digital trunk interfaces
(MT8976, MT8978 and MT8979) which have two
serial input and one s erial output control streams.
ST-BUS clocking circuitry, address generator and
various control and interrupt registers complete the
STPA’s functionality.
Modes o f Ope ratio n
The three basic modes of operat ion, µP Peripheral
Mode (Mode 1), Fast RAM Mode (Mode 2) and Bus
Controller Mode (Mode 3) are selected using two
external input pins. These inputs are M MS and MS1
and are decoded as shown in Table 1. Whenever
MMS=1 the device resides in Mode 1. In this mode,
MS1 pin is unavailable and is used for a different
function.
When MMS=0, Modes 2 or 3 are selected as
determined by input MS1. If MS1=1, Mode 2 is
selected and if MS1 =0, Mode 3 is selected.
Each of the modes of the STPA provides a different
pinout to ease interfacing requirements of different
parallel environments. These are shown in Figure 3
below. In µP Peripheral Mode the device uses
interface signals consistent with a 68000-type µP
bus. Mode 2, Fast RAM Mode, uses signals typical
of standard RAM type interfaces. Mode 3 interface
signals are very similiar to Mode 2 signals except
that the address and control signals are supplied as
outputs by the STPA.
The STPA may be configured to operate as a 32
channel or 24 channel device. This feature, which is
available in all three modes of operation, is
particularly useful in applications involving data
access to CEPT and T1 digital trunk interfaces.
When used as a data interface to Mitel‘s CEPT
digital trunks, the STPA maps the 32 consecutive
bytes of each dual port memory directly to ST-BUS
channels 0-31. This is performed by the address
generator shown in the functional block diagram (see
Figure 1). Figures 4 c & d show the relationship
between relative dual port RAM locations and
corresponding ST-BUS channels, for both input and
output serial streams, when the STPA is configured
as a 32 channel device.
When used as a data interface to Mitel’s T1 trunk
devices, however, only the first 24 consecutive RAM
locations are mapped to 24 of the 32 ST-BUS
channels. This mapping follows a specific pattern
which corresponds with the data streams used by
Mitel‘s T1 products. Instead of a direct correlation
(as in 32 channel operation), the 24 consecutive
RAM locations are mapped to the ST-BUS with every
fourth channel, beginning at channel 0, set to FF
16
(ie. channel 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24 and 28). F igures
4 a & b show the relationship between RAM
locations and ST-BUS channel configuration. This
feature allows the STPA to be interfaced directly to
Mitel’s T1 trunk family.
When the STPA is operated in Mode 1, 24 and 32
channel configurations are selected using bit D
(RAMCON) in Control Register 1. D5 = 0 selects 32
channel operation and D
= 1 selects 24 channel
5
operation. When the STPA is operated in Modes 2
or 3, however, the channel configuration is done
using input 24
device uses all 32 channels and when 24
/32 (pin 25). When 24/32 = 1 th e
/32 = 0 it
uses 24.
lessened since ST-BUS accesses require only the
last half cycle of C4i
of every channel. When
contention do e s occur, priority is always given to th e
ST- BUS access.
The STPA indicates this contention situation in a
diff erent manner for Modes 1 and 2. In Mode 1, the
contention is masked by virtue of the
"handshaking" method used to transfer data on
this 68000-type interface. Data Strobe (DS
and Data Transfer Acknowledge (DTACK
the exchange. If contention should occur the
device will delay returning DTACK
and thus stretch
the bus cycle until the µP access can be completed.
In Mode 2, if access is attempted during a
"contention window" the STPA will supply the
BUSY
signal to delay the start of the bus cycle. This
“contention window” is defined as shown in Figure
16. The window exists during the last cycle of C4i
clock in each channel timeslot. Although ST-BUS
access is only required during the last half of this
clock period, the “contention window“ exists for the
entire clock period since a parallel access occurring
just prior to an ST-BUS access will not complete
before the ST-B US access begins. Figure 16 further
shows four possible situations that may occur when
parallel accesses are attempted in and around the
“contention window”. Condition 1 indicates that an
access occurring prior to the contention window but
lasting into the first half of it will complete normally
with no contention arbitration. If the access should
extend past the first half of the contention window
and into the ST-BUS access period, the BUSY
will be generated. Conditions 3 and 4 show accesses
occurring inside the contention window. These
5
accesses will result in BUSY
becoming active
immediately after the access is initiated and
remaining active as shown in Figure 16.
Access contention is non-existent in Mode 3 since
the parallel bus signals, driven by the STPA, are
synchron ize d to th e ST-BUS cl o c ks.
)
) control
signal
Dual Port RAMS
Each of the three serial ST-BUS streams is
interfaced to the parallel bus through a 32 byte dual
port RAM. This allows parallel bus accesses to be
performed asynchronously while accesses at the
ST-BUS port are synchronous with ST-BUS clock.
As with any dual port RAM interface between two
asynchronous systems, the possibility of access
contention exists. The STPA minimizes this
occurrence by recognizing contention only when
accesses are performed at the same time for the
same 8-bit cell within the dual port RAM’s.
Furthermore, the probability of contention is
Mode 1 - µP Peripheral Mode
In Mode 1, the STPA operates as an asynchronous
68000-type microprocessor peripheral. All three
dual-port RAMS (Tx0, Tx1, Rx0) are made available
and may be configured as 32 or 24 byte RA M’s. Also
available are the full complement of control and
inter rupt r egist ers. Th e addr ess ma p for M ode 1 is
shown in Table 2.
1IRQ2ENInterrupt Sou rce 2 Enabl e. IRQ2EN = 1 enables interrupts to occur from source 2.
0IRQ1ENInterrupt Sou rce 1 Enabl e. IRQ1EN = 1 enables interrupts to occur from source 1.
Table 3. Control Register 1 Bit Definitions
3-9
MT8920BCMOS
Timing information for data transfers on this interface
is shown in Figure 14. The Mode 1 interface is
designed to operate directly with a 68000-type
asynchronous bus but can easily accommodate most
other popular microprocessors as well.
Control Registe rs
Two control registers allow control of Mode 1
features. Control Register 1 provides bits to select
the type of interrupt, to enable interrupts from two
different and independent sources and to reset the
interrupt registers. Also contained in Control
Register 1 are bits to configure the device for 24 or
32 channel operation and to expand the address
range for convenient access to the second transmit
RAM Tx1. A description of the bit functions in
Control Register 1 is shown in Table 3.
Mode 1 provides various loopback paths and output
configuration options which are controlled by bits in
Control Register 2. Bits D
, D1 of Control Register 2
0
configure loopbacks using input and output streams
STi0, STo0 as described in Table 4. The input
stream S Ti0 can be looped back to source the output
stream STo0 as well as receive RAM Rx0. The
transmit RAM Tx0 can be looped to source the
receive RAM Rx0, as well as STo0 and, the transm it
RAM Tx0 can be looped to the receive RAM Rx0
while STi0 sources STo0. The function of these
loopback configurat ions is shown in Figure 5.
In a similar way, the output STo1 can be reconfigured
for different functionality. Bits D
and D3 of Control
2
Register 2 allow STo1 to be sourced, with a one
frame delay via Tx1 from receive stream STi0. STo1
can also output the result of a comparison of the
contents of Tx1 ram wit h input stream STi0. These
output configurations of STo1 are shown in Figure 6
a and b. Figure 6 c shows the effect of combining
these two features.
Interrupt Registers
Interrupts can be generated in Mode 1 only. Two
channels of the ST-BUS input stream, S Ti0, can be
selected to provide an interrupt to the system.
Interrupts can be of two types: Static or Dynamic.
Static interrupts are caused when data within a
selected channel matches a given patte rn. Dynamic
interrupts occur when bits in a selected channel
change state (1 to 0, 0 to 1 or toggle). Interrupts are
controlled through two identical paths (1 and 2)
consisting of the following registers:
Interrupt Channel Address (1/2): The address
(0-31) of the channel which will generate the
interrupt is stored in this register.
Image Register (1/2): The contents of the
channel causing the interrupt is stored in this
register. R eading this register will clear its contents.
Match Byte Register (1/2): In static mode this
register is used to store the byte which will be
compared with the contents of the selected channel
causing the interrupt.
In dynamic mode, the bits in this register and the
corresponding bit in the Interrupt Mask Register
define the type of dynamic interrupt (i.e., 0 to 1, 1 to
0, toggle ). ( R ef er to Table 5.)