MITEL MH8910-1AC, MH8910-1AP Datasheet

9-3



Features

• Compatible with ISDN U-Interface standard

• Over 40 dB (

@40 kH z) of loop atte nu at io n

• Full dup lex tr ansmi ssi on ov er singl e twis ted pair

• Adva nced ec ho can cel ling techno logy

• High perf orma nce 2B 1Q line code

• Full act ivatio n/de activ atio n state m ac hine

• QSNR an d line attenu ati on diag nos tics

• Frame and superframe synchronization

• On-chip 15 second timer

• Inser tion loss me asur emen t test signal & quiet mode

• Mitel ST-BUS compat ible

• Single 5V powe r supp ly

Applications

• ISDN NT1 a nd NT2 DSL interfa ce

• Digita l PABX line cards an d tel ephon e sets

• Digital m ultip lexers an d con cen trators

• Pair gain system

Description

The MT8910-1 Digital Subscriber Line Interface Circuit (DSLIC)

is designed to provide ISDN basic

rate access (2B+D) at the U-interface. Full duplex digital trans mission at 160 kbit/s on a single twiste d pair is achieved using echo cancelling hybrid (ECH) technology. This, in conjunction with the high performance 2B1Q line code, allows the DSLIC to meet the loop length requirements of the digital subscriber loops at the U-interface over the entire non-loaded telephone loop plant.

The MT8910-1 is compatible with the complete range of Mitel Semiconductor ISDN components through the use of the ST-BUS interface.

Figure 1 - Functional Block Diagram

DSTi

CDSTi

MRST

F0b C4b SFb

F0od

MS0 MS1

NT/LT

CDSTo

DSTo

VSS A VSS VDD A VDD OSC2 OSC1

TSTin TSTout

TSTen

VRef VBias

Lin+ Lin-

Lout-

Lout+

Transmit Interface

Control Register

TRANSMIT/

RECEIVE TIMING

& CONTROL

INTERFACE

Status

Receive

Interface

Scrambler & Encoder

Framing

Mainte nance

Descrambler,

Decoder &

Diagnostics

Jitter

Compen-

Linear

Echo

Canceller

Non-

Linear

Compen-

Decision

Feedback

Equalizer

Quantizer

DAC and

Tx Filter

Timing

Adaptation

Circuit

Tone

Detector

sator

2nd Order PDM ADC

FIR

Digital Filter

Bias &

Voltage Ref.

Ordering Information

MT8910-1AC 28 Pin Ceramic DIP MT8910-1AP 44 Pin PLCC

0°C to +70 °C

ISSUE 1 August 1993

MT8910-1

Digital Subscriber Line Interface Circuit

Preliminary Information

CMOS ST-BUS FAMILY

MT8910-1 Preliminary Information

9-4

Figure 2 - Pin Connections

Pin Description

Pin #

Name Description

DIP PLCC

11 L

out-

Line Out Minus. One of a pair of differential analog out put s for the 80 kba ud/ s 2B1Q signal, biased at V

Bias

23 L

out+

Line Out Plus. One of a pair of differential analog outputs for the 80 kbaud/s 2B1Q signal, biased at V

Bias

35AV

Analog Ground. Tie to VSS.

46TSTinI/O Structure Test Input. When TSTen is high, TSTin is used as a source to all output

drivers. Refer to “I/O Structure Test" in functional description for more details. Tie to V

for normal operation.

5 8 CDSTi Control/Data ST-BUS Input. A 2048 kbit/s serial PCM/data input for the D- and

C-channels in Dual mode. Unused in Single mode and should be connected to V

612DSTiData ST-BUS Input. A 2048 kbit/s serial PCM/dat a input for the D-, C-, B1- and B2-

channels in Single mode. In Dual mode, only the B- channels are input .

713 V

Ground .

814DSToData ST-BUS Output. A 2048 kbit/s serial PCM/data output for th e D-, C-, B1- and B2-

channels in Single mode. In Dual mode, only the B- channels are outp ut. This output is placed in high impedance during the unused channel times.

9 15 CDSTo Control/Data ST-BUS Output. A 2048 kbit/s serial PCM/data output for the D- and

C- channels in Dual mode. It is placed in high impedance in Single mode, and during the unused channel times in Dual m o de.

10 16 F0od

Delayed Frame Pulse Ou tput. A 244 ns wide negative going pulse indicat ing the end of the active ST-BUS channel times of the device to allow for daisy-chaining of other ST-BUS devices. Active after channel 0 in Dual Port mode and Channel 3 in Single Port Mode.

11 18 TSTout I/O Structure Test Output. When TSTen is high, the TSTout provides the output of an

XOR chain which is sourced from all digital inputs. Refer to “I/O Structure Test" in

functional description for more deta ils. Leave unconnected for normal operation. 12 19 MS0 Mode Select 0. CMOS input. Refer to Table 1. 13 20 MS1 Mode Select 1. CMOS input. Refer to Table 1.

44 PIN PLCC

1 2

3 4 5

6 7 8

9 10 11 12 13 14

28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21

Lout-

Lout+ AVSS TSTin

CDSTi

DSTi

VSS

DSTo

CDSTo

F0od

TSTout

MS0 MS1

NT/LT

Lin+ LinVRef VBias AVDD IC VDD MRST OSC1 OSC2 F0b C4b SFb TSTen

28 PIN CERDIP

TSTin

AVSS

Lout+NCNC

Lin+

Lin-

VRef

VBias

TSTout

MS0

MS1

NT/LT

TSTen

C4b

F0b

SFb

Lout-

65432 44434241

40 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30

231819202122 2425262728

NC AVDD NC NC NC IC VDD MRST OSC1 OSC2 NC

CDSTi

NC NC NC

DSTi

VSS

DSTo

CDSTo

F0od

Preliminary Information MT8910-1

9-5

14 21 NT/LT NT/LT Mode Select. CMOS Input. When high, the DSLIC is setup in NT mode. When

low, LT mode is selected.

15 22 TSTen I/O Structure Test Enable Input. This active high input enables the bui lt-in test of all

digital input and output structures. Refer to “I/O Structure T est" in functional description for more details. Tie to V

for normal operation.

16 23 SFb

Superframe Pulse. In LT mode, an input pulse once every superframe (12 ms) which, when low during a falling edge of C4 b

within an F0b low pulse, sets the transmit

superframe boundary. In NT mode, a 244 ns wide output pulse once every 12 ms indicating the boundary of the

transmit superframe. In NT mode, the superframe timing is generated from the line signal time base and, as such, SFb will only be valid once the transceiver has achieved full activation.

17 25 C4b

4096 kHz Data Clock. In LT mode, a 4096 kHz ST-BUS clock input. In NT mode, a 4096 kHz ST-BUS clock output frequency locked to the line signal.

18 27 F0b

Frame Pul se. In LT mode, an 8 kHz input pulse indicating the start of the active ST-BUS channel times. In NT mode, an 8 kHz output pulse extracted from the line signal indicating the start of the active ST-BUS channel times.

19 30 OSC2 Oscillator Outpu t. When the MT8910-1 operate s with an External Clock (typicall y LT

mode) connect OSC2 to the output of an external inverter providing a 10.24 MHz ±5ppm clock (see “10.24 MHz Clock Interface" section).

When operating wit h a crystal (typically NT mode) connect one lead of the fundament al mode parallel resonator crystal (10.24 MH z ±50ppm in case of NT mode).

20 31 OSC1 Oscillator Inpu t. When the DSLIC operat es with an External Clock (typical ly LT mode)

connect OSC1 to the input of an external inverter (see Fig.11). When operating wit h a crystal (typically NT mode) connect the other lead of the

fundamental mode parall el resonato r crystal (10.24 MHz ±50ppm in case of NT mode).

21 32 MRST

Master Reset. Active low CMOS input perform s a maste r reset of the DSLIC.

22 33 V

Power Supp ly Input.

23 34 IC Internal Connection. Leave unconnected. 24 38 AV

Analog P ow er Su pp ly. Connect to VDD.

25 41 V

Bias

Bias Vol tage. Decouple to AVSS through a 1.0 µF ceramic capacitor.

26 42 V

Ref

Reference Voltage. Decouple to AVSS through a 1.0 µF ceramic capacitor.

27 43 L

in-

Line Signal Input Minus. Internally biased at V

Bias.

28 44 L

in+

Line Signal Input Plus. Internally biased at V

Bias.

2,4,7, 9 -11, 17,24 26,28 29,35 36,37 39,40

NC No Connection. Leave circuit open.

Pin Description (continued)

Pin #

Name Description

DIP PLCC

MT8910-1 Preliminary Information

9-6

Functional Description

The MT8910-1 Digital Subscriber Line Interface Circuit (DSLIC) is a high performance, full duplex transceiver which provides a complete interface to the U-reference point as specified in ANSI T1.601-

1988. Operating in either master Line Terminator (LT) mode or slave Network Terminator (NT) mode, the DSLIC can be configured to operate at either end of the Digital Subscriber Line (DSL). The DSLIC supports full duplex transmission of a 2B + Dchannel format at 160 kbit/s over a single twisted pair with about 40 dB of loop attenuation at 40 kHz. To achieve this transmission performance, the DSLIC uses a 2B1Q line code which is a four level pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) signal with no redundancy. This line code was approved by the American National Standards Institute technical committee T1E1. Using this line code, two binary bits are converted into one four level quaternary symbol. This results in an effective baud rate reduction from 160 to 80 kbaud/s allowing the transmission to benefit from reduced line attenuation and improved immunity to near end crosstalk (NEXT).

To complement the performance of the 2B1Q line code, the DSLIC uses an advanced echo cancelling hybrid (ECH) technique, by means of a transversal filter, that provides greater than 60 dB of echo cancellation. This cancellation, along with all equalization, is performed in the digital domain using dedicated DSP hardware. Since a digital transversal echo canceller gives a linear representation of the echo, the MT8910-1 also has a non-linear echo canceller which works in parallel with the transversal filter t o compensate for non-linearities in the transmit path and the passive line termination. In addition, a jitter compensator is used to correct errors in the echo estimates which are sourced from corrections in the received timebase. The jitter compensator will interact directly with the echo taps in the transversal filter.

A block diagram of the DSLIC is shown in Figure 1. The DSLIC has two ports consisting of a serial system interface (Mitel's standard ST-BUS), and a line port which interfaces directly to the single twisted pair via a passive termination hybrid and a line pulse transformer.

The two B-channels and the D-channel to be transmitted on the line are input to the DSLIC (on the ST-BUS) into the transmit interface block. The sync word and maintenance bits are added to the data which is then formatted, scrambled and digitally encoded into 2B1Q symbols. This digital representation is passed through a finite impulse

response filter which converts the digital representation into an analog waveform. The transmitted pulse is then passed through a smoothing filter whose output is passed to a differential line driver which is driving t he line through a passive hybrid network and line pulse transformer.

On the receive side, the pre-cancelled signal drives a balanced receiver which feeds the input to an oversampled second-order delta sigma A/D converter. The digital representation of the received signal yields a Pulse Density Modulated (PDM) stream which is digitally filtered and decimated to the 80 kHz baseband. Intersymbol interference (ISI) introduced by the loop is cancelled by a decision feedback equalizer. This is achieved by taking a convolut ion of the received pulse with the estimated impulse response of the loop. The cancellation of ISI is performed in parallel with the echo cancellation. Estimated received echo is obtained by taking the convolution of the transmit signal with the estimated impulse response of the loop. Feedback from the jitter compensator and the non-linear corrector interact with the coefficients of the echo canceller to reduce the error introduced by jitter and nonlinearities in the analog circuitry. The output of all these blocks is summed together and the result is the received data which is passed through a decoder and descrambler before being sent out in TDM bursts on the ST-BUS.

Line Port

The DSLIC interfaces to the U-reference point as defined in the ISDN Basic Access Reference model. As such, the transceiver transfers full duplex, time division multiplexed data at 160 kbit/s. This includes two 64 kbit/s PCM voice or data channels (Bchannels), a 16 kbit/s signalling channel (D-channel) and 16 kbit/s for synchronization and overhead.

The two 64 kbit/s channels are defined as the B1and B2-channels and they carry subscriber information such as digitally encoded voice, circuit switched data or packet switched data. The DSLIC will transfer both B-channels transparently from the ST-B US port to the line port and vice versa once the device has acquired superframe synchronization.

The 16 kbit/s D-channel is primarily intended to carry signalling information for circuit switching the Bchannels through the ISDN network. The D-channel can optionally carry packetized information and telemetry services. The D-channel is transmitted transparently through the DSLIC from the ST-BUS port to the line port and vice versa once the device has acquired superframe synchronization. It is to be

Preliminary Information MT8910-1

9-7

noted that the system interface has dedicated a full 64 kbit/s for the D-channel of which only the two first bits (D0 and D1) are actually carrying information. The other bits of the ST-BUS D-channel ar e reserved for future use.

A third type of channel, the C-channel, is a nonbearer channel which provides a means for the system to control and monitor the functionality of the DSLIC. This control/status channel is accessed by the system through the ST-BUS. The C-channel provides access to three control registers and four status registers which provide complete control or status of all built-in features. Access to the control register is provided by two bits in the Control Register itself (CRS0 and CRS1). Selection of the desired status register is performed using two bits in Control Register 1 (SRS0 and SRS1). The Cchannel also carries a control and status register for the 4 kbit/s M-channel which can be used as an additional maintenance channel. A detailed description of these registers is discussed in the STBUS port interface section.

Line Code

The DSLIC transceiver uses the 2B1Q line code which is a four level Pulse Amplitude Modulated (PAM) code with no redundancy. The generation of the 2B1Q signal is achieved by grouping two consecutive bits into a bit field of which the first bit represents the sign bit and the second represents the magnitude. This yields four possible output codes as shown in Figure 3 (note that +3, +1, -1 and

-3 are only symbols and they do not reflect the voltage on the line).

The bit fields are grouped relative to the borders of the defined channels where the first bit field consists of bit 1 and bit 2 of the B1-channel, the second bit field consists of bit 3 and bit 4 of the B1-channel and so on.

Before conv erting the bit fields into outp ut symbols, all bits except the framing pattern are scrambled with polynom i als:

⊕ x

-5

⊕ x

-23

for LT

⊕ x

-18

⊕ x

-23

for NT

(where

⊕ is modulo two summation)

Framing

The frame structure in the DSLIC is 1.5 ms long and consists of twelve 2B+D-channels delimited by the framing pattern at the start of the frame and the maintenance channel at the end. Framing for both the LT and the NT is performed using a 9 symbol synchronization word. This sync word (SW) has the following structure:

Sync Word: + 3, + 3 , -3, -3, -3, +3 , - 3, + 3 , + 3

Eight DSLIC frames are grouped into a superframe delimited by inverting the sync word (ISW):-3,-3, +3, +3, +3, - 3 , +3 , -3, -3. This seco nd l ev e l o f framing is used to assign the M-channel bits as defined in the ANSI T1.601-1988. The framing structure is shown in Figure 4.

Transmission between the LT and NT is fully synchronous. As such, the frame/superframe boundaries between the NT receive frame and the NT transmit frame have a fixed phase relationship. The transmitted frame/superframe from the NT is delayed by 60 ± 2 quaternary symbols (quats) with respect to its received frame/superframe. Since the NT extracts all its timing fro m the line, the D SL IC w i ll maintain the required phase relationship between the frames and superframes and will insert the SW and ISW during the proper time interval.

Figure 3 - Example of 2B1Q Quaternary Symbols

+3 +1

-1

-3

time

QUATS -1 +3 +1 -3 -3 +1 +3 -3 -1 -1 +1 -1 -3 +3 +3 -1 +1

BITS 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1

MT8910-1 Preliminary Information

9-8

Figure 4 - F rame S truc ture

12 ms

1.5 ms

50 µs

12.5 µs

Superframe

Frame

Information Channels

Corresponding ST-BUS

Frame 1 Frame 2 Frame 3 Frame 4 Frame 5 Frame 6 Frame 7 Frame 8

SW 2B + D 2B + D 2B + D 2B + D 2B + D 2B + D 2B + D 2B + D 2B + D 2B + D 2B + D 2B + D M

B11 B12 B13 B14 B15 B16 B17 B18 B21 B22 B23 B24 B25 B26 B27 B28 D1 D2

B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 D0 D1

Basic Frame Synchronization (BFS) is achieved using the algorithm shown in Figure 5. The DSLIC searches for the sync word or the inverted sync word within the received data stream. After detecting three consecutive synchronization patterns spaced exactly 120 quats apart, the DSLIC declares terminal synchronization by setting the bits of the Internal State Indicator to 111 in Status Register 1. A loss of synchronization is declared by the DSLIC when at least one of the nine quats at the beginning of each Basic Frame differs by more than one quantization level for two consecutive frames.

A search for superframe synchronization will begin only after Basic Frame sync has been found. The DSLIC will declare superframe sync (SFS) on the first occurrence of the properly spaced Inverted Sync Word (ISW) once Basic Frame sync has been acquired. The synchronized state is identified by the

status of internal state bits IS2, IS1 and IS0 found in Status Register 1.

The DSLIC will lose superframe sync under three conditions;

1) if the DSLIC loses basic frame sync,

2) if the ISW does not occur exactly eight basic frames apart,

3) if the ISW is received w hen it is not expected.

Activation/ De activ atio n

The DSLIC has a complete activation/deactivation state machine which allows the user to activate or deactivate the link as per the requirements in the

Figure 5 - Frame Synchronization State Diagram

STATE : LOST BFS : 0

One

Valid

Error in SW

STATE : SENSING1 BFS : 0

One

Valid

STATE : SENSING2 BFS : 0

One Valid SW

> One-Level Error in SW

STATE : LOSING BFS : 1

> One-Level

Error in SW

Valid

STATE : SYNC BFS : 1

Error in SW

Preliminary Information MT8910-1

9-9

T1.601-1988 standards. The activation sequence for the DSLIC is mode dependent and is outlined in Figures 6a) and b).

In the LT mode, the request for activation can be initiated in two w ay s. Se tting the st art/s top bit in the Control Register 1 will result in the generation of a repeated pattern of four +3 symbols followed by four

-3 symbols producing a 10 kHz activation tone (TL) for 3 milliseconds. The DSLIC can also be activated by receiving a 10 kHz activation tone from the NT (TN). Once the NT has generated a tone, progression through the state machine follows the algorithm as s hown in Figure 6a.

In the NT mode, the request for activation can be initiated in two w ay s. Se tting the st art/s top bit in the Control Register 1 will result in the generation of a repeated pattern of four +3 symbols followed by four

-3 symbols resulting in the transmission of the NT activation tone (TN). The DSLIC can also be activated by receiving TL from the LT to which the NT will respond with its own activation tone (TN). Progression through the state machine will follow the algorithm as s hown in Figure 6b.

During the activation sequence, there is an extensive exchange of signals between the LT and the NT.

This handshaking of information is required to allow individual transceivers to train both their echo cancellers and decision feedback equalizers. All possible signals are described below.

• TN: A 10 kHz activatio n t on e s ourced by t he NT which is ge nerat ed by sen ding a continuo us pa ttern o f fou r +3 s ymbol s followed by four -3 symbols.

• SN0: SN0 is a no signal condition which is used to ind ica te to the LT that the N T has finish ed trai ning its ech o can celle r.

• SN1: An NT generated signal consisting of a framed (b ut not su per framed ), scrambled 2B1Q signal which carries all 1s in the B-, D- and M-channels. This signal is us ed t o train t he NT’s ech o canceller.

• SN2: An NT generated signal consisting of a framed (b ut not su per framed ), scrambled 2B1Q signal which carries all 1s in the B-, D- and M-channels. This signal is us ed t o train t he LT’s DFE.

• SN3: An NT generated signal consisting of a fully framed and superframed scrambled 2B1Q si gn al w hi ch c ar ri es i nf orm at io n in all the B-, D- and M-channels.

Figure 6a - Acti vatio n/Deac tiva tion State Diagra m - LT Mode

Alerting

Tx-TL (3ms)

Awaiting Reply

Tx-SL0

MRST

Full Reset

Tx-SL0

Awake

Tx-SL0

EC Training

Tx-SL1

Framing

Tx-SL2

Active

Tx-SL3

RCV Reset

Tx-SL0

Pending Deact.

Tx-SL0

LAR

ST.T0

Expiry of T2

RCV TN

ST.T0 STP.T2

Expiry

of T0

Expiry of T0

BFS Lost > 480ms

or LDR

ST.T3

(Loss of signal and

LDR), ST.T2 STP.T3

(Loss of signal and LDR) or Expiry of T3

RCV TN ST. T0

End SN1

EC Converged

SFS STP.T0

Expiry of

RCV TN

STP.T1

Expiry of T0 ST.T3

ST.Tx = Start Timer x STP.Tx = Stop Timer x LAR = Local Activation Request LDR = Local Deactivation Request SFS = Superframe Synchronization Acquired

T0 = 15 sec timer T1 = 480 ms timer

T2 = 40 ms timer T3 = 520 ms timer

Note

: Loss of received signal will result in loss of sync.

ST.T1

MT8910-1 Preliminary Information

9-10

• TL: A 10 kH z act i v atio n t one sourced by the LT which i s genera ted b y send ing a continuo us pa ttern o f four +3 sym bo ls followed by four -3 symbols.

• SL0: SL0 is a no si gnal cond ition ge ne rated from the LT.

• SL1: An LT generated signal consisting of a framed (b ut not su pe rframed ), scrambled 2B1Q signal which carries all 1s in the B-, D- and M-channels. This signal is us ed t o train t he LT’s echo canceller.

• SL2: An LT generated signa l co nsis ting of a fully framed and sup erfram ed scrambled 2B1Q signal which carries all 0s in the B- a nd D-c hanne ls w ith information i n the M-chan nel. Th is signal is used to train the NT’s DFE.

• SL3: An LT generated signa l co nsis ting of a fully framed and superframed scrambled 2B1Q signal which carries information in all the B-, D - and M- chan nels.

Figure 6b - Activ atio n/Deac tivation State Diagra m - NT Mod e

MRST Pin

Full Reset

(Power down

Tx-SNO

RCV TL or LAR ST.T0

Expiry of T2

RCV Reset

Tx-SN0

Alerting

Tx-TN (9 ms)

EC Training

Tx-SN1

Expiry of T0

Expiry of T1

Quiet

Tx-SN0

Expiry of T0

Signal Detected STP.T1

Expiry of T0

Train

DFE/Timing

Tx-SN0

SL2 Detected

Framing

Tx-SN2

SFS

Active

Tx-SN3

LDR

ST.T3

Pending Dea ct.

Tx-SN3

Loss of far-end signal STP.T3 ST.T2

ST.T3

Expiry of T3

Loss of signal STP.T3

ST.T2

Tear Down

Tx-SN0

Loss of BFS > 480ms

ST.T3

ST.Tx = Start Timer x STP.Tx = Stop Timer x LAR = Local Activation Request LDR = Local Deactivation Request SFS = Superframe Synchronization Acquired

T0 = 15 sec timer T1 = 480 ms timer T2 = 40 ms timer T3 = 520 ms timer

Note

: Loss of received signal will

result in a loss of sync.

EC Converged ST.T1

RCV TL ST.T0 STP.T2

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