Warning notices must be observed to ensure personal safety as well as that of others, and to protect the product and the connected equipment.
These warning notices are accompanied by a clarification of the level of caution to be observed.
Qualified Personnel
This device/system may only be set up and operated in conjunction with this manual. Qualified personnel are only authorized to install and
operate this equipment in accordance with established safety practices and standards.
This product can only function properly and safely if it is correctly transported, stored, installed, set up, operated, and maintained.
Warning
Note
:
:
Always use product in accordance with specifications.
Copyright Siemens Milltronics Process
Disclaimer of Liability
Instruments Inc. 2000. All Rights Reserved
This document is available in bound version and in
electronic version. We encourage users to purchase
authorized bound manuals, or to view electronic versions as
designed and authored by Siemens Milltronics Process
Instruments Inc. Siemens Milltronics Process Instruments
Inc. will not be responsible for the contents of partial or
whole reproductions of either bound or electronic versions.
MILLTRONICS®is a registered trademark of Siemens Milltronics Process Instruments Inc.
While we have verified the contents of this
manual for agreement with the instrumentation
described, variations remain possible. Thus we
cannot guarantee full agreement. The contents of
this manual are regularly reviewed and
corrections are included in subsequent editions.
We welcome all suggestions for improvement.
Technical data subject to change.
Contact SMPI Technical Publications at the following address:
Technical Publications
Siemens Milltronics Process Instruments Inc.
1954 Technology Drive, P.O. Box 4225
Peterborough, Ontario, Canada, K9J 7B1
Email: techpubs@milltronics.com
For the library of SMPI instruction manuals, visit our Web site:
It is essential that this manual be referred to for proper installation and operation of
your BW500 belt scale integrator. As BW500 must be connected to a belt scale, and
optionally a speed sensor, refer to their manuals as well.
Installation gives you step by step instructions for the installation
Start Up instructs you on how to operate the keypad, read the
Recalibration emphasizes how to optimize and maintain accurate
Operation offers an overview of the BW500 features and functions
Parameters lists the parameters available to you, with a description
Appendices this manual has an alphabetical cross reference of the
About this…
and interconnection of your BW500.
display, do an initial Start Up for a successful entry into
the run mode.
operation of your weighing system through material tests
and routine recalibrations.
that allow you to take full advantage of your weighing
system.
of their function and use. You are urged to read this
section; to familiarize yourself with the parameters
available to you and optimizes BW500 to maximum
performance.
parameters to their numbers, a diagnostic help with the
list of error messages, a maintenance reminder, and a
record sheet for jotting down parameter values.
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 7
About the Accumass BW500
Note:
The ACCUMASS BW500 is to be used only in the manner outlined in this
instruction manual.
About this…
The ACCUMASS BW500 is a microprocessor based integrator designed for use with
Milltronics, or equivalent belt scales and weigh feeders. The speed and load signals
from the conveyor and scale, respectively, are processed to derive rate of material
flow, and totalization. The primary values of speed and load, and the derived values
of rate and total are available for display on the local LCD, or as output in the form of
analog mA, alarm relay and remote totalization.
BW500 supports Milltronics Dolphin Plus software and Modbus protocol on the two
RS-232 ports and the RS-485 port for communication to customer PLC or computer.
BW500 also supports Milltronics SmartLinx
industrial communication systems.
Accumass BW500 features:
• Reliable and robust user interface
✔multi-field LCD display
✔local keypad
• Instrumentation I/O
✔two remote totalizer contacts
✔five programmable relays
✔five programmable discrete inputs
®
for communication with popular
✔two programmable isolated mA input, for PID* control
✔three programmable isolated mA output for rate, load, speed or PID* control
• popular Windows
®
and Industrial communications
✔two RS-232 ports
✔one RS-485 port
• individual port configuration for:
✔Dolphin
✔Modbus ASCII
✔Modbus RTU
✔Printer
✔SmartLinx
®
compatible
•Controls and operation functions
✔load linearization
✔auto zero
✔PID* control
✔batch control
✔multispan operation
*PID control requires the optional mA I/O board.
Page 8 Accumass BW500PL-565
Specifications
Power: 100/115/200/230 V ac ±15%, 50/60 Hz, 31 VA
fuse, FU1: 2AG, Slo Blo, 2 A, 250 V or equivalent
Application: compatible with Mass Dynamics belt scales or equivalent 1, 2 or 4 load cell
scales.
compatible with LVDT equipped scales, with use of optional interface board
Accuracy: 0.1% of full scale
Resolution: 0.02% of full scale
Environmental: location: indoor / outdoor
altitude: 2000 m max
ambient temperature: -20 to 50 °C (-5 to 122 °F)
relative humidity: suitable for outdoor (Type 4X / NEMA 4X /IP 65
enclosure)
Installation category: II
pollution degree: 4
Enclosure: Type 4X / NEMA 4X / IP 65
285 mm W x 209 mm H x 92 mm D (11.2” W x 8.2” H x 3.6” D)
polycarbonate
Programming: via local keypad and/or Dolphin Plus interface
Display: illuminated 5 x 7 dot matrix liquid crystal display with 2 lines of 40
characters each
Memory: program stored in non-volatile FLASH ROM, upgradable via Dolphin Plus
interface
parameters stored in battery backed RAM,
battery P/N 20200035 or use Rayovac #BR2335, 3V, Lithium or equivalent,
5 year life
Specifications
Inputs: load cell: 0 - 45 mV dc per load cell
speed sensor: pulse train: 0 V low, 5-15 V high, 1 to 2000 Hz,
auto zero: dry contact from external device
mA see optional mA I/O board
auxiliary 5 discrete inputs for external contacts, each
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 9
or
open collector switch,
or
relay dry contact
programmable for either: display scrolling,
totalizer 1 reset, zero, span, multispan, print,
batch reset, or PID function.
Outputs: mA: 1 programmable 0/4 - 20 mA, for rate, load and
speed output
optically isolated
0.1% of 20 mA resolution
750 Ω load max
see optional mA I/O board
load cell: 10 V dc compensated excitation for strain gauge
Options: Speed Sensor: Mass Dynamics MD-36 / 36A / 256 or 2000A, or
RBSS, or compatible
Dolphin Plus: Milltronics Windows based software interface.
Refer to associated product documentation
®
SmartLinx
Modules: protocol specific modules for interface with
popular industrial communications systems.
Refer to associated product documentation.
Page 10 Accumass BW500PL-565
Mass Dynamics Incline Compensator:
mA I/O board:
inputs: 2 programmable 0/4 – 20 mA for PID, control
outputs: 2 programmable 0/4 – 20 mA for PID control,
output supply isolated 24 V dc at 50 mA, short circuit protected
LVDT interface card: for interface with LVDT based scales
Weight 2.6 kg (5.7 lb.)
for load cell excitation compensation on variable
incline conveyors
optically isolated
0.1% of 20 mA resolution
200 S input impedance
rate, load and speed output
optically isolated
0.1% of 20 mA resolution
750 S load max
Specifications
Approvals: CE*, CSA
*EMC performance available upon request
NRTL/C
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 11
Specifications
Page 12 Accumass BW500PL-565
Installation
Notes:
1. Installation shall only be performed by qualified personnel, and in accordance
2. This product is susceptible to electrostatic shock. Follow proper grounding
with local governing regulations.
procedures.
Dimensions
16 mm
(0.6”)
209 mm
(8.2”)
172 mm
(6.8”)
lid screws
(6 places)
267 mm
(10.5”)
285 mm
(11.2”)
92 mm
(3.6”)
Installation
Recommend drilling the enclosure with
a hole saw and the use of suitable
cable glands to maintain ingress rating.
3. Non metallic enclosure does not provide grounding between connections.
Use grounding type bushings and jumpers.
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 13
Conduit entry area.
mounting hole
(4 places)
lid
enclosure
customer
mounting screw
Optional Plug-ins
SmartLinx® Module
Installation
Installation
The BW500 is software/hardware ready to accept the optional Milltronics SmartLinx
®
communications module that provides an interface to one of several popular
industrial communications systems.
®
Your BW500 may be shipped to you without a SmartLinx
module, for installation at a
later date.
®
If you are ready to install your SmartLinx
module, or want to change it, please follow
the instructions as outlined.
1. Isolate power and voltages applied to the BW500
2. Open the lid
3. Install the module by mating the connectors and secure in place using the two screws
provided.
®
4. Route communication cable to SmartLinx
module along the right side of the
enclosure wall. This route will reduce communication.
Refer to:
Note:
Refer to the SmartLinx® module documentation for any required hardware settings
prior to closing the lid.
5. Close the lid
6. Apply power and voltage to the BW500.
• SmartLinx® Module in the Specifications section on page 14,
• P750 – P769 SmartLinx
• the SmartLinx
®
manual for wiring.
®
Module Specific Parameters on page 84 in this manual,
Page 14 Accumass BW500PL-565
mA I/O board
The BW500 is software/hardware ready to accept the optional mA I/O board. The
mA I/O board provides 2 programmable 0/4-20 mA outputs, 2 programmable 0/4-20
mA inputs and a nominal 24V dc supply for loop powered devices.
Your BW500 may be shipped to you without an mA I/O board, for installation at a
later date.
If you are ready to install your mA I/O board, please follow the instructions as
outlined.
Installation
1. Isolate power and voltages applies to the BW500
2. Open the lid
3. Install the board by mating the connectors and secure the card in place using the 3
screws provided.
Refer to:
4. Close the lid
5. Apply power and voltage to the BW500.
• Specifications on page 9
• mA I/O board on page 15
• mA I/O Parameters (P200 - P220) on page 65
• mA I/O (0/4-20 mA) in the Operation section on page 91
SmartLinx
mA I/O board
®
Installation
route SmartLinx® cable
along right hand wall
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 15
Layout
battery,
memory
back up
certification
switch
optional
Analog I/O
board
optional SmartLinx
®
module*
port 3
(RJ-11)
display
board
power
switch
Installation
fuse
FU1
*To reduce communication interference, route SmartLinx® cable along right side of
enclosure wall.
• All field wiring must have insulation suitable for at least 250 V.
• dc terminals shall be supplied from SELV source in accordance with IEC
10101-1 Annex H.
•Relay contact terminals are for use with equipment having no accessible live
parts and wiring having insulation suitable for at least 250 V
•The maximum allowable working voltage between adjacent relay contact shall
be 250 V.
Page 16 Accumass BW500PL-565
Interconnection
Note:
Wiring may be run via common conduit. However these may not be run in the
same conduit as high voltage contact or power wiring. Ground shield at one point
only. Insulate at junctions to prevent inadvertant grounding.
System Diagram
ACCUMASS
BW500
optional SmartLinx
optional analog I/O
belt scale,
see Specifications
®
speed sensor,
optional,
see Specifications
mA output to
customer device
mA output to
customer device
mA input from
customer device
relay output, to
customer device
auxiliary inputs
Installation
Note:
Typical system capability. Not all components or their maximum quantity may be
required.
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 17
customer remote
totalizer
optional fieldbus
connection
communication
ports can be
configured for
Milltronics
Dolphin, print
data, or Modbus
ASCII or RTU
protocol
Scale – One Load Cell
Milltronics
Belt Scale
customer
junction box
load cell
r
b
e
d
k
g
l
r
n
s
w
h
h
l
t
d
Installation
*
*Where separation between the BW500 and belt scale exceeds 150 m (500 ft), or legal for trade
certification:
• remove the jumpers BW500 terminal 11/12 and 13/14
• run additional conductors from :
BW500 terminal 12 to scale `red'
BW500 terminal 13 to scale `blk'
•If load cell wiring colours vary from those shown, or if extra wires are provided,
consult Milltronics.
Page 18 Accumass BW500PL-565
Scale – Two Load Cell
Milltronics
Belt Scale
load cell
A
load cell
B
customer
junction box
g
b
r
e
k
d
w
g
r
l
h
n
t
n
s
w
h
r
h
l
t
d
Installation
*
*Where separation between the BW500 and belt scale exceeds 150 m (500 ft) ), or legal for trade
certification:
• remove the jumpers BW500 terminal 11/12 and 13/14
• run additional conductors from :
BW500 terminal 12 to scale `red'
BW500 terminal 13 to scale `blk'
•If load cell wiring colours vary from those shown, or if extra wires are provided,
consult Milltronics.
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 19
Scale – Four Load Cell
Installation
integrator
Milltronics
Belt Scale
customer
junction box
load cell
A
r
e
d
*
load cell
B
b
g
w
l
r
h
k
n
t
s
g
w
h
r
h
l
n
t
d
load cell
C
b
r
l
e
k
d
load cell
D
g
w
r
h
n
t
s
g
w
h
r
h
l
n
t
d
*Where separation between the BW500 and belt scale exceeds 150 m (500 ft), or legal for trade
certification:
• remove the jumpers BW500 terminal 11/12 and 13/14
• run additional conductors from :
BW500 terminal 12 to scale `red'
BW500 terminal 13 to scale `blk'
•If load cell wiring colours vary from those shown, or if extra wires are provided,
consult Milltronics.
Page 20 Accumass BW500PL-565
Scale – LVDT
belt scale
with LVDT
Milltronics LVDT Conditioner
maximum cable run LVDT to Conditioner3 m (10 ft)
Milltronics BW500
*
*Where separation between the BW500 and LVDT conditioner exceeds 150 m (500 ft):
• remove the jumpers BW500 terminal 11/12 and 13/14
• run additional conductors from :
BW500 terminal 12 to integrator terminal block ‘+EXC’
BW500 terminal 13 to integrator terminal block ‘-EXC’
Installation
For further connection information on specific LVDT’s consult Milltronics.
♦Shields are common, but not grounded to chassis. Run cable shields through SHLD terminals
and ground at BW500 only.
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 21
Speed
Constant Speed (No Sensor)
Speed Sensor
MD SeriesRBSS or ENCODER
If a speed sensor is not used, a jumper or contact
closure must be connected across the BW500
terminals 17 / 18 when the conveyor is running. If a
speed sensor is used, insure that the jumper is
removed.
Note:
With contact closed or jumpered when the
conveyor is idle, the integrator will continue
totalizing.
Installation
wht
blk
red
•Connect the BW500 terminal 16 to speed sensor terminal:
`2' for clockwise speed sensor shaft rotation
`3' for counter-clockwise speed sensor shaft rotation.
Speed sensor shaft rotation is viewed from the front cover of the speed sensor
enclosure.
•Input device in the form of open collector transistor or dry contact across BW500
terminals 16 / 17 will also serve as a suitable speed signal.
•If a speed sensor other than the models shown is supplied, consult with Milltronics for
details
Page 22 Accumass BW500PL-565
Auxiliary Inputs
Auto Zero
Customer dry contacts, or open collector
transistor output supplied as required
Refer to P270 on page 67 for programming
details.
Installation
RS-232 Port 1
Printers
prefeed activated dry contact
Refer to Auto Zero on page 47..
Printer
receive
common
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 23
Computers and Modems
For connection to a PC compatible computer or modem, using no flow control, typical
configurations are:
Computer
Modem
Remote Totalizer
DB-9DB-25
Installation
mA Output 1
supply,
30V max
remote totalizer 1
supply,
240V max
remote totalizer 2
to customer instrumentation,
isolated mA output, 750 Ω maximum load
Page 24 Accumass BW500PL-565
Relay Output
Relays shown in de-energized state, contacts normally open, rated 5 A at 250 V noninductive
RS-485 Port 2
Daisy Chain
Terminal Device
Installation
customer device
customer device
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 25
RS-232 Port 3
/
Milltronics device
with RJ-11 jack
Power Connections
Installation
computer DB-9
adapter RJ-11
(male)
modular cable with
RJ-11 plugs
Note:
Jumper pins 4-6 and 7-8 when using hardware flow control. Otherwise, leave them
open.
Notes:
1. The equipment must be protected by a 15
A fuse or a circuit breaker in the building
installation.
2. A circuit breaker or switch in the building
installation, marked as the disconnect
switch, shall be in close proximity to the
equipment and within easy reach of the
operator.
DB-9
(female)
Page 26 Accumass BW500PL-565
100 / 115 / 200 / 230V
50 / 60 Hz
select voltage via switch
mA I/O Board
auxiliary supply output, isolated 24 V dc
at 50 mA, short circuit protected
from customer instrumentation, isolated
mA input, 200Ω
from customer instrumentation, isolated
mA input, 200Ω
to customer instrumentation, isolated
mA output, 750Ω maximum load.
to customer instrumentation, isolated
mA output, 750Ω maximum load.
Installation
Installing/Replacing the Memory Back-up Battery
Disconnect power before installing or replacing the battery.
Do not install the memory battery until the BW500 is to be used.
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 27
The unit is supplied with one
battery package (battery P/N
20200035 or Rayovac #BR2335,
3V, Lithium or equivalent). Remove
the battery from the package and
insert it into the battery socket.
The memory battery (see
Specifications) should be replaced
every 5 years to insure memory
back up during lengthy power
outages. An on board capacitor
provides 20 minutes of charge in
order to preserve the memory
while the battery is being changed.
Installation
Page 28 Accumass BW500PL-565
Start Up
Note:
For successful start up, insure that all related system components such as belt
scale and speed sensor are properly installed and connected.
Orientation
Display and Keypad
Program
Press to enter RUN mode
Edit mode:
numerical and
arithmetical keys
View mode:
press to scroll through
parameter list
Press to initiate
calibration
Press to alternate
between view and
edit modes, and
enter parameter
values
clear
entry
Start Up
Press to scroll through run displays
Run
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 29
Print
Press to enter PROGRAM mode
Press to change PID
local setpoint values
PID auto/manual switch
Press to initiate
calibration
press
to reset
totalizer 1
Program Mode
General
•The BW500 operates under two modes: `run' and `program'. When the unit is initially
powered, it starts in the program mode
• The program parameters define the calibration and operation of the BW500.
• By entering the program mode, the user can view the parameter values or edit them
to suit the application.
•The program mode display identifies the parameter by name and description and a
list of options or instructions for making a valid entry.
Initial start up of the BW500 consists of several stages, and assumes that the
physical and electrical installation of the belt scale and speed sensor, if used, is
complete:
This manual only lists English as a choice of language. However, your BW500 will
list the additional languages of choice, as the translated software is made
available.
Programming
Press
The BW500 then scrolls sequentially through the start up program as parameters
P001 through P017 are addressed.
through parameters
P691 and P692
prompting entry from
the sensor nameplate.
From this data, the
speed constant is
calculated and
automatically entered
into P015
The initial programming requirements are now satisfied. To insure proper entry of all
critical parameter values, return to P002 and review parameters through to P017.
Load Cell Balancing
Balancing of the load cells is not required if the selected test reference is ECal (P002
= 3). In the case of ECal, the load cells are balanced by the ECal procedure.
If you are operating a two or four load cell belt scale, it is recommended that the load
cells be balanced electronically prior to initial programming and calibration, or after
either or both load cells have been reinstalled or replaced.
Accepting the Zero returns to start of Zero. A new Zero can be performed, or
continue to Span
Span Calibration
When performing a Span Calibration where the test reference is ECal (P002 = 3), the
supplied test weight or test chain must not be applied, and the conveyor must be run
empty.
Note:
In order to obtain an accurate and successful calibration, ensure that the required
criteria are met. Refer to Calibration Criteria on page 139.
the deviation from previous zero.
n
:
o
t
00000000........000000000000000
55555555555555551111111122222222000000005555555
55555555555555551111111122222222000000005555555
For an initial zero there is no
0
previous zero; hence the deviation
is 0.
5
for example, the new zero count, if
accepted
5
for example, the current zero count
of 551205
With the conveyor stopped and locked out, apply the test weight or chain to the scale
as instructed in the associate manuals; Then start the conveyor.
Accepting the Span returns to start of Span. A new Span can be performed, or enter
Run mode. If calibrating with a test weight or test chain, remove it from the scale and
store in a secure place before returning to the run mode.
Proper programming and successful zero and span calibration allow entry into the
run mode. Otherwise, entry is denied and the first missing item of programming or
calibration is displayed
belt and the conveyor is running.
The current rate is 0 and no
g
material has been totalized.
The initial programming is complete and the BW500 is operating in the Run mode.
The belt conveyor can be put into normal service. The BW500 is functioning under its
initial program and calibration, reporting rate of material flow and totalizing.
Start Up
If the initial entry and operation in the run mode is successful, the weighing system
should undergo a recalibration by performing a series of material tests. Material tests
will verify the BW500 reporting accuracy, and where inaccuracies exist, allow the
system to be corrected through a manual span adjustment (P019).
Recalibration of the zero and span are ongoing requirements that must be performed
routinely in order to maintain accurate reporting of rate and total.
Refer now to the Recalibration.
Page 40 Accumass BW500PL-565
Recalibration
Belt Speed Compensation
In order to achieve optimum accuracy in the rate computation, the belt speed
displayed must equal that of the actual belt speed. As the speeds are likely to differ, a
belt speed compensation should be performed.
Stop the conveyor and measure a length of the belt; marking the forward end (start
time) and the back end (stop time). Use the belt scale as the stationary reference.
Run the belt and measure the time for the belt length to pass over the scale.
t
d
00..660
V
VVVVVVV
current speed of 0.6 m/s
0
speed = belt lengthm
or ft
time smin
Refer to the Start Up section on page 29 for instructions on parameter selection and
changing values.
The displayed speed (used in the rate computation) now equals the actual speed.
Recalibration
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 41
Material Tests
Material tests are performed to verify the accuracy of the span calibration and
compensate for the belt effects to material loading. If the material tests indicate a
repeatable deviation exists, a manual span adjust (P019) is then performed. This
procedure automatically alters the span calibration and adjusts the test load (P17)
value, yielding more accurate span recalibrations.
If the span adjust value is within the accuracy requirements of the weighing system,
the material test was successful and normal operation can be resumed.
If the span adjust value is not acceptable, repeat the material test to verify
repeatability. If the result of the second material test differs considerably, consult
Milltronics or their agent.
If the span adjust values are significant and repeatable, perform a manual span
adjust:
Note:
Test weights are NOT used during material tests.
There are two methods of executing the manual span adjust: % Change and Material
Test
•% Change: based on the material test, the difference between the actual weight of
material and the weight reported by the BW500 is calculated and entered into P019
as % change.
•Material Test: based on material test, the actual weight of material is entered into
P019
The method of execution is a matter of preference or convenience, and either way
yields the same result.
% Change
• Run the belt empty.
• Perform a zero calibration.
Put the BW500 into run mode
Record the BW500 total as the start value _ _ _ _ _ _
Run material at a minimum of 50% of design rate over the belt scale for a minimum of
5 minutes.
Recalibration
Stop the material feed and run the conveyor empty.
Record the BW500 total as the stop value _ _ _ _ _ _
Subtract the start value from the stop value to determine the BW500 total
Verify the results of the span adjust by material test or return to normal operation.
Design Changes
Recalibration
Page 44 Accumass BW500PL-565
Where parameters have been changed with a resultant impact on the calibration,
they do not take effect until a recalibration is done.
If significant changes have been made, an initial zero (P377) and/or initial span
(P388) may be required.
1
d
5555555566666666........777777778888888
V
VVVVVVV
e.g. the new test load value is
8
displayed
Recalibration
In order to maintain the accuracy of the weighing system, periodic zero and span
recalibration is required. Recalibration requirements are highly dependent upon the
severity of the application. Perform frequent checks initially, then as time and experience
dictate, the frequency of these checks may be reduced. Record deviations for reference.
The displayed deviations are referenced to the previous zero or span calibration. Deviations
are continuously tallied for successive zero and span calibrations, and when exceed their
limit, indicate an error messages that the deviation or calibration is out of range.
Routine Zero
Press
Note:
In order to obtain an accurate and successful calibration, ensure that the required
criteria are met. Refer to Calibration Criteria on page 139.
for example, the load reported while
calibration is in progress
m
for example, the calculated deviation in
% of full span
2
8
for example, the new zero count, if
accepted
if unacceptable, press to restart.
Indication that the mechanical system is errant. The use of P377, initial zero, should be
used judiciously and only after a thorough mechanical investigation has been exercised.
The cause of the increased deviation must be found and rectified. A zero
recalibration as previously described can then be retried.
Recalibration
If the operator deems this deviation to be acceptable, set P377 to 1 to invoke an
initial zero calibration. Further deviation limits are now based on this new initial zero.
The duration of the auto zero is one or more belt revolutions (P360). If either
condition is interrupted during that period, the auto zero is aborted and the run
display is resumed. After one belt revolution, another auto zero will be attempted if
the input and load conditions are met.
If the resulting zero deviation is less than an accumulated 2% from the last operator
initiated zero, the auto zero is accepted.
If the deviation is greater than an accumulated 2%, an error message is displayed.
The error message is cleared after five seconds, however if a relay is programmed
for diagnostics, it remains in alarm so long as the Auto Zero conditions are being met.
If material feed resumes during an auto zero function, the totalizing function is
maintained.
Routine Span
Note:
In order to obtain an accurate and successful calibration, ensure that the required
criteria are met. Refer to Calibration Criteria on page 139.
signal from load cell too low, insure
proper test weight or chain is applied
during span
check for proper load cell wiring
Indication that the mechanical system is errant. The use of P388, initial span, should
be used judiciously and only after a thorough mechanical investigation has been
exercised.
The cause of the increased deviation must be found and rectified. A span
recalibration as previously described can then be retried.
If the operator deems this deviation to be acceptable, set P388 to 1 to invoke an
initial span calibration. Further deviation limits are now based on this new initial span.
The BW500 offers a multispan function, which allows the BW500 to be calibrated for
up to eight different feed conditions that would produce varying load characteristics.
Different feed conditions are typically related to the running of different materials or
multiple feed locations. The varying load characteristic often has a bearing on the belt
tension, and is observed especially when in close proximity to the scale. To
accommodate such scale applications, a span correction can be made by selecting
and applying the appropriate span.
Since every material has its own unique physical properties, and may load the belt
differently, a span calibration may be required for each material in order to realize
maximum accuracy.
In the case of different feeder locations, a span calibration may be required to match
each feedpoint or combination of feedpoints.
Each time one of the eight conditions is in effect, the corresponding multispan is
selected prior to putting the BW500 into the run mode. The selection is made by
either changing the multispan operation number, accessed via P365, or by external
contacts connected to the Auxiliary input, and programmed via P270.
In order to enable multispan operation, the following must be addressed.
Recalibration
• connection
• programming
• calibration
• operation
Page 50 Accumass BW500PL-565
Connections
If the span selection is to be done by remote contact, the following connections would
apply. Otherwise, no additional connections to the BW500 are required.
*Remote contact can be from relay or open collector switch.
Programming
Multispan Selection of Spans 1 and 2Multispan Selection of Spans 1 to 8
If it is desired to do a span calibration for another condition, (i.e. span 3 to 8), access
P365 and repeat these steps for each condition. However as with any initial span, it is
recommended that the span calibration for each multispan be followed by a material
test and factoring.
If remote span selection is desired, Auxiliary Inputs, 1 and/or 2 and/or 3, must be
programmed in order to read the contact state as the span selection. Remote
selection overrides keypad (or Dolphin Plus) selection. The auxiliary inputs override
the key pad selection.
Enter . This programs Auxiliary Input 3 (terminal 26), in conjunction with Auxiliary
input 1 and Auxiliary input 2 to read the contact state for span selections 5,6,7, and 8.
]
n
n
n
E
EEEEEEE
0
0000000
E
EEEEEEE
0
0000000
E
EEEEEEE
0
0000000
Remote selection of a span is not enabled until a span calibration has been done.
Initial span selection must be done via the Multispan parameter, P365.
Initial multispan calibration or span selection is made via the Multispan parameter
(P365).
Operation
When span calibration is done, press to revert to the run mode.
When the material to be run on the belt changes, the multispan is changed to the
corresponding span. This is completed either by changing the span value entered in
P365, or by closing the appropriate contacts connected to the programmed Auxiliary
inputs.
Span
Auxiliary Input
Aux 1
1
Recalibration
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Multispan Selection
It may be required to reset or note the totalizer value, as the process materials being
conveyed change. Refer to Operation on page 89
multispan 2
2
e.g. if there is no material on the belt
and the conveyor is running. The
current rate is 0 and no material
has been totalized.
Multispan Selection
Aux 2
Aux 3
Linearization applies concurrently to spans.
Page 52 Accumass BW500PL-565
Factoring
In order to calculate the value of a new or unknown test weight to the current span,
the factoring procedure is used.
Note:
For optimum accuracy in the factoring results, a routine zero calibration is
recommended.
If multispan function is used, the test load value is stored for the current multispan
only.
Recalibration
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 53
Linearization
Conveyor applications where the ideal belt scale location has been compromised, or
where there is a high degree of variation in belt tension, typically cause the belt scale
to report load non-linearly. The BW500 provides a linearizing function (P390 - P392)
in order to correct for the deficiency in the weighing system and to provide an
accurate report of the actual process.
To verify that the cause of the non-linearity is not mechanical:
• run the conveyor belt empty and stop it.
• Lift the belt off of the scale and suspend various test weights to the scale to verify
mechanical linearity. If the load reported by the BW500 at these tests is non-linear, a
mechanical problem is indicated. Refer to the belt scale manual in order to resolve
the non-linearity by improved installation or repair.
If it is determined that the non-linearity is due to the weighing application, and not the
actual belt scale, apply linearization by performing the following:
• zero calibration
• span calibration at 90 to 100% of design rate
• material tests at 90 to 100% of design rate
• manual span adjust if required
• material tests at 1 to 5 intermediary flow rates where compensation is required.
Note:
Compensation points must be at least 10% of the design load apart.
•calculate the percentage compensation for each flow rate tested.
% compensation = actual weight - totalized weight x 100
totalized weight
where:
actual weight = material test
totalized weight = BW500 total
Notes:
• After the compensation has been programmed into the BW500, a material test
should be run to verify the effect of linearization.
Recalibration
• If additional compensation is required, it must be based on new material tests
performed with the linearization turned off (P390 = 0).
Page 54 Accumass BW500PL-565
Example :
A non-linearity with respect to the ideal response exists in a belt scale application
with design rate of 200 t/h. It is decided to do material tests at 15, 30 , 45, 60 and
75% of the design load. After performing a zero and a span calibration at 100% of the
design load, followed by material tests and manual span adjust, five material tests
were performed at 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 t/h, as indicated by the BW500. The
following data was tabulated. (This example is exaggerated for emphasis).
The material tests should be run at same belt speed, representative of normal
operation; in this case 1.2 m/s. For each rate, record the corresponding load value by
scrolling to the BW500 load display during running conditions or by calculation.
load = rate
speed
BW500 loadmaterial testBW500 totalcompensation*
kg/mtonnestonnes%
6.942.52.8-10.7
13.895.04.511.1
20.837.57.9-5.1
27.7810.09.28.7
Weight = Tonnes
34.7212.513.3-6.0
*calculation example: % compensation = 2.5 – 2.8 x 100
Often only one point of compensation is required, usually at a low load value. In
the prior example, if compensation was only required at 6.94 kg/m, the
programming could be as follows. Compensation is optimized by establishing the
next load value that agrees with the material test, hence where compensation is
zero and entering it as the next compensation point.
Locks out the program editor so that parameter values for P001 through P999 cannot
be changed. This however does not prevent the access to the parameters for
viewing.
Programming is locked out if the value of P000 is other than 1954.
entry:
1954 = unlocked
1954
= locked
f
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 57
Parameters
Start Up (P001 to P017)
This is the minimum parameter programming required before attempting a calibration
and successful entry into the run mode.
P001Language
Selects the language for communication with the BW500
entry:
1 = english
Note:
This manual only lists English as a choice of language. However, your BW500 will
list the additional languages of choice, as the translated software is made
available.
P002Test Reference Selection
Selects the type of test reference used to represent a material load: weight, chain or
electronic.
weight:the weight that is supplied specific to the scale
f
chain: optional, sized specific to scale and conveyor
electronic: calibration based on automatic calculation of the mV span from the load
cells
Entry:
1 = weight
2 = chain
3 = ECal
f
P003Number of Load Cells
Milltronics belt scales are available in models of one, two or four load cell design.
Select the number of load cells corresponding to the belt scale connected.
If using the optional remote LVDT conditioner card, for LVDT based scales, select the
“1” value.
Entry:
enter the number of load cells: 1, 2f or 4
P004Rate Measurement System
Selects system of measurement used, either imperial or metric.
Entry:
Parameters
Page 58 Accumass BW500PL-565
1 = imperial
2 = metric
f
P005Design Rate Units
Selects the units of measurement used.
imperial – P004 = 1metric- P004 = 2
entry:
Changing this parameter does not affect the rate (P011), belt speed (P014) or belt
length (P016) parameters. These parameters should be re-entered for conformity in
units.
t = 1000 kg
LT = 2240 lb.
T= 2000 lb.
P008Date
Enter the current date in yyyy-mm-dd format.
where:
yyyy = year
mm = month, 01 –12
dd = day, 01 – 31
1f =
2 =LT/h(long tons) / hourkg/h (kilograms / hour)
3 =lb/h(pounds / hour)kg/min (kilograms / minute)
4 =lb/min (pounds / minute)
T/h(tons / hour)t/h (tonnes / hour)
e.g. 1999-03-19 (March 19, 1999)
P009Time
Enter the current time in hh-mm-ss 24 hour format.
where:
hh = hour
mm = minute
ss = second
P011Design Rate
Specifies the design rate of material flow for the belt scale. (f=0.00)
Enter the design rate from the supplied design data sheet, in the units selected (P005).
P014Design Speed
Specifies the design speed for the conveyor belt. (f=0.00)
Speed units are:
feet/minif the imperial system of measurement has been selected, P004 = 1
metres/sif the metric system of measurement has been selected, P004 = 2
Parameters
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 59
P015Speed Constant
This value is used with the speed sensor frequency, to calculate the actual belt
speed. (f=0.0000)
Entry:
If speed input is wired for constant speed (terminals 17/18 jumpered), value
defaults to 'jumpered'.
If the speed input is connected to a speed sensor, press . P015 automatically
jumps to P690. Refer to P690 on page 80 for speed constant entry.
P016Belt Length
The length of the conveyor belt (one belt revolution). (f=0.000)
Length units are:
feet:if the imperial system of measurement has been selected, P004 = 1
metres:if the metric system of measurement has been selected, P004 = 2
Enter the belt length
P017Test Load
The load to be referenced when performing a span. (f=0.00)
Load units are:
lb/ft:if the imperial system of measurement has been selected,P004 = 1
kg/m:if the metric system of measurement has been selected,P004 = 2
The display indicates the test reference as selected by P002; either: ‘weight’, ‘chain’
or ‘ECal’ and the multispan number MS, 1-8.
Enter the test load value
In the case of ECal, pressing enter at P017 invokes P693 for data entry. ECal sets
the value for P017 at 100% of design load (P952).
P018Speed Adjust
This parameter allows adjustment to the speed constant (P015). Initially, this
parameter displays the dynamic speed of the belt. If the displayed speed is not equal
to the actual speed, enter the actual belt speed. (f=0.00)
For speed sensor applications, the value of P015 is automatically adjusted.
For constant speed (terminals 17/18 jumpered) the value of P014 is automatically
adjusted.
Parameters
Page 60 Accumass BW500PL-565
P019Manual Span Adjust
Provides a means for adjustment to the span calibration. (f=0)
The adjustment value is determined by performing material tests and is subsequently
entered either as a calculation of % change into P598, or as the weight of the
material test
entry:
1 = % change
2 = material test
Refer to Recalibration on page 41.
P022Minimum Speed Frequency
Sets the minimum frequency that the speed sensor can reliably read. Signals at low
frequencies are erratic, adversely affecting the performance of the weighing system.
Entry:
1 = 1 Hz (at 1 Hz, it takes 1 s before defaulting to 0 speed)
2 = 2 Hz f(at 2 Hz, it takes 0.5 s before defaulting to 0 speed)
P080Damping Display
P080-01 Rate
P080-02 Load
P080-03 Speed
Sets the speed of response to which the displayed readings (rate, load and speed),
and outputs (alarm and mA*) react to change.
Refer to Operation on page 89.
Note:
Effect of damping (P080-01) on mA output* can be overridden by mA output
damping (P220).
The higher the damping value, the slower the response.
Enter damping value, range 0.000f – 999
*Damping is not applicable to the mA output if programmed for PID function (P201 = 4).
P081Display Scroll Mode
The run displays are scrolled either manually by pressing ALT DISP if the scroll mode
is set to off, or automatically if the mode is set to on.
Parameters
entry:
0 = off
1 = on
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 61
f
Relay/Alarm Function (P100 - P117)
These parameters are specific to the use of the relay/alarm function. Refer to
Operation on page 89
P100Relay Function
Sets the relay function for the relay selected, relays 1 to 5 (P100 - 01 to – 05)
Notes:
•To reset the Diagnostics relay, the BW500 must be cycled between Program
and Run mode
•To reset the Batch relays, the Batch totalizer must be reset.
For relay functions, P100 = 1, 2 and 3, this parameter sets the high alarm setpoint for
the relay selected, relays 1 to 5 (P100 - 01 to – 05)
Enter the value in % of full scale
Deviation Alarm (f=10)
For relay functions, P100 = 5 and 6, this parameter sets the deviation setpoint for the
relay selected, relays 1 to 5 (P100 - 01 to – 05)
Enter the value in % of setpoint
P102Low Alarm
Sets the low alarm setpoint for relay selected, relays 1 to 5 (P100 - 01 to – 05). (f=20)
Enter the value in % of full scale
Note:
Parameters
Not applicable if P100 = 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8.
Page 62 Accumass BW500PL-565
P107Relay Alarms
Sets the alarm mode for the relay selected, relays 1 to 5 (P100 - 01 to – 05
Entry:
1 = high and low
2 = high only
3 = low only
Note:
Not applicable if P100 = 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8.
f
P117Relay Dead Band
Sets the dead band for the relay selected, relays 1 to 5 (P100 - 01 to – 05). The dead
band prevents relay chatter due to fluctuations at the high or low setpoint. (f=3.0)
enter the value in % of full scale, or for deviation alarm enter % of setpoint
Note:
Not applicable if P100 = 4, 7 or 8.
P118Relay Logic
Sets the logic applied to relays to determine their open or closed state.
Power Failure
The relays on the BW500 default to normally open under power loss.
Normal Operation
In software, all relays are programmed the same way; with ‘on’ setpoints always
indicating relay action. This parameter allows the reversal of the operation. Normally,
P118 = 2 for each relay.
Reverse Operation
When P118 = 3, the operation of the indexed relay is reverse from normal.
Values
P118LogicRelay
2positive logic
3negative logicnormally open
normally closed
f
Parameters
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 63
P119Override
This function allows the user to simulate an alarm condition: ‘on or ‘off’, which will
override normal operation until P119 setting is returned to normal.
Values
P119ConditionDisplay (alarm field)
0normalnormal
1alarm onALM #
2alarm offblank
Parameters
Page 64 Accumass BW500PL-565
mA I/O Parameters (P200 - P220)
These parameters are specific to the use of the mA output. Refer to mA Output on
page 91 for details.
• mA output 1 is physically located at terminals 21/22 on the main board
• mA outputs 2 and 3, and inputs 1 and 2 are physically located on the optional mA I/O
board which is mounted onto the main board.
In the case of assigning mA input and output functions to PID control, the following
correlation exist:
PID control 112
PID control 223
P200mA Output Range
Sets the mA range for the output selected, outputs 1 to 3 (P200 - 01 to – 03).
Entry:
1 = 0 - 20 mA
2 = 4 - 20 mA
f
mA inputmA output
P201mA Output Function
Assigns the mA output function for the output selected, outputs 1 to 3 (P201 - 01 to –
* valid for outputs 2 and 3, only if PID system (P400) is enabled
f
P204mA Output Average
Sets the averaging period, in seconds, for the rate output for output 1 only.
The instantaneous mA values are averaged for the set period, and then the average
value is output during the next period while a new average is being calculated.
Entry:
0 = off
1 – 999 = averaging period
f
Parameters
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 65
P212mA Output Minimum
Sets the minimum mA limit for the output selected, outputs 1 to 3 (P212 - 01 to – 03).
The limit sets the lower mA range (0 or 4 mA) to a minimum output value. (f=3.80)
Enter limit value, range 0 - 22
P213mA Output Maximum
Sets the maximum mA limit for the output selected, outputs 1 to 3 (P213 - 01 to – 03).
The limit sets the upper mA range (20 mA) to a maximum output value. (f=22.00)
Enter limit value, range 0 - 22
P2144 mA Output Trim
Trims the 4 mA output level for the output selected, outputs 1 to 3 (P214 - 01 to –
03). The trim adjust the output to agree with a milliammeter or other external mA
input device.
Scroll the trim value up or down
P21520 mA Output Trim
Trims the 20 mA output level for the output selected, outputs 1 to 3 (P215 - 01 to –
03). The trim adjust the output to agree with a milliammeter or other external mA
input device.
Scroll the trim value up or down
P220mA Output Damping
Sets the damping for the output selected, outputs 1 to 3 (P220 - 01 to – 03). Damping
sets the speed at which the mA output reacts to change. The greater the damping
value, the slower the response. If the value is 0, the mA output assumes the damping
set in P080. (f=0.000)
Enter the damping value, range 0.001 – 999
P250 mA input range
Sets the mA range for the input selected, inputs 1 to 2 (P250 - 01 to – 02).
entry:
1 = 0 - 20 mA
2 = 4 - 20 mA
f
Parameters
Page 66 Accumass BW500PL-565
P255mA Input Function
Assigns the mA input function for the input selected, inputs 1 to 2 (P250 - 01 to – 02)
entry:
0 = off
1 = PID setpoint
2 = PID process variable
f
P2614 mA Input Trim
Trims the 4 mA input level for the input selected, inputs 1 to 2 (P250 - 01 to – 02).
The trim adjusts the input to agree with an external 4 mA source.
Follow the BW500 on line instructions to trim the input
P26220 mA Input Trim
Trims the 20 mA input level for the input selected, inputs 1 to 2 (P250 - 01 to – 02).
The trim adjust the input to agree with an external 20 mA source.
Follow the BW500 on line instructions to trim the input
P270Auxiliary Input Function
Selects the auxiliary input function for the input selected; inputs 1 to 5 (P270 - 01 to –
13).
FunctionSymbolDescription
alternate display:
reset totalizer 1:
zero:
span:
print:
multispan selection:contact states selects the multispan (P365)*.
reset batch
PID freeze
PID setpoint source
momentary closure of the input contact causes
the run display to scroll to the next display.
momentary closure of the input contact resets
the totalizer.
momentary closure of the input contact initiates a
zero calibration. .
momentary closure of the input contact initiates a
span calibration. .
momentary closure of the input contact sends a
print request. .
momentary closure of the input contact resets
the batch totalizer to zero
off
freeze
remote
local
closure suspends PID function in the
auto mode and holds output at last
value
Parameters
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 67
FunctionSymbolDescription
auto
PID mode
manual
external alarmthe input contact status is sensed off
*If the BW500 is programmed for multispan operation, the auxiliary input contact
state determines the multispan number (equivalent to P365). Input 1 is reserved for
multispan 1 and 2 selection. Input 2 is reserved for multispan 3 and 4 selection. Input
3 is reserved for multispan 5 to 8 selection.
If an attempt is made to select a multispan that has not been zero and span
calibrated, the selection request is ignored.
Notes:
•When performing a remote span, it will first perform a zero, then it will ask you
to set up span test. Once loading is withing ±2% of the design test weight, it will
perform the span.
•For the print command to work, the BW500 must be in Run mode.
Page 68 Accumass BW500PL-565
Calibration Parameters (P295 – 360)
P295Load Cell Balancing
Initiates an electronic balancing of the load cell input signals. Balancing is required
for belt scale models of two or four load cell design.
Refer to Start Up on page 29 for requirements and execution.
P341Days Of Service
The cumulative days that the application device has been in service. The time is
recorded once daily in a non-resetable counter. Periods of less than 24 hours. are not
recorded, nor accumulated. (f=0)
P350Calibration Security
This parameter provides additional security to the global lock (P000).
zerospanreset T1
0 = no additional security
1 = in addition to P000 lock; no span.✗
entry:
2 = in addition to P000; no zero, and no span.✗✗
3 = in addition to P000, no zero, no span and
no totalizer 1 (T1) reset
P359Factoring
Factoring is used as a method of calculating the value of the test load (P017) to a
new test reference; either: weight, or chain. The task is performed only for the weight
or chain relevant for the multispan selected, if applicable.
Entry:
1 = weight
2 = chain
Refer to Recalibration on page 41 for execution of the factoring procedure
f
f
✗✗✗
Note:
Totalization is halted during the factoring procedure, and resumed only upon return
to the run mode.
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 69
Parameters
P360Calibration Duration
Sets the number of whole belt revolutions to be used during a zero or span
calibration. (f=1)
Enter number of belt revolutions, range 1 to – 99
P365Multispan
Select the span reference to be applied for determination of rate and totalization.
Entry:
1 = multispan 1 (MS1), for product or condition A
2 = multispan 2 (MS2), for product or condition B
3 = multispan 3 (MS3), for product or condition C
4 = multispan 4 (MS4), for product or condition D
5 = multispan 5 (MS5), for product or condition E
6 = multispan 6 (MS6), for product or condition F
7 = multispan 7 (MS7), for product or condition G
8 = multispan 8 (MS8), for product or condition H
Refer to Multispan on page 50 and P270, Auxiliary Input Function (6) on page 67.
f
P367Direct Zero Entry
Directly enters the zero reference count
Direct entry is intended for use when replacing software or hardware and it is not
convenient to perform an initial zero at that time. (f=0)
Refer to Recalibration on page 41 for execution.
P368Direct Span Entry
Directly enters the span reference count for the span selected, span 1 to 8 (P368-01
to -08).
Direct entry is intended for use when replacing software or hardware and it is not
convenient to perform an initial span at that time. (f=0)
Refer to Recalibration on page 41 for execution.
P370Zero Limit Deviation %
Sets the zero calibration deviation limit (±) from the last initial zero. If the
accumulated deviation of successive zero calibrations exceeds the limit, the zero
calibration is aborted. (f=12.5)
Note:
If the ‘legal for trade’ certification switch has been set, the zero limit is ±2%.
Parameters
Enter the maximum allowable % deviation
Page 70 Accumass BW500PL-565
P377Initial Zero
Resets the initial zero.
The initial zero is the reference zero to which all subsequent operator initiated zero
calibrations are compared in determining whether they have deviated beyond the
zero limit (P370). (f=1)
Note:
Refer to Initial Zero on page 46 for execution.
P388Initial Span
Resets the initial span for the span selected, multispan 1 to 8 (P388-01 to –08).
The initial span is the reference to which all subsequent span calibrations are
compared in determining whether they have deviated beyond an accumulated
±12.5% of the initial span. (f=1)
Note:
Refer to Initial Span on page 49 for execution.
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 71
Parameters
Linearization Parameters (P390 - P392)
These parameters are used to compensate for non-linear response of the weighing
system to the BW500. Refer to Linearization on page 54 for execution, and example
on the use of these parameters.
Note:
In the case of multispan operation, the linearizer is applied to all spans.
P390Linearizer
Enables or disables the linearization function.
Entry:
0 = off
1 = on
P391Linearizer Load Points
Enters the load values, in units of P017, for the point selected, points 1 to 5 (P391-01
to –05). (f=0.00)
f
P392Linearizer Compensation %
Enters the compensation value, in percent, for the point selected, point 1 to 5 (P39201 to – 05). (f=0.00)
P398Moisture
Factors out moisture component of load, rate and total for all multispans selected.
The factored values are meant to report the dry mean values of the material being
conveyed. (f=0.00)
Enter the moisture content in % weight.
Parameters
Page 72 Accumass BW500PL-565
Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) Control Parameters,
(P400 – P418)
Note:
•Changes to P401, P402, and P414 are not immediately effected while in auto
mode. Change should be made in the manual mode and are effected upon
return to the auto mode.
•The PID function does not control during any of the calibration functions (eg.
zero, span, factor, material test)
P400PID System
Enables the selected PID system, systems 1 or 2 (P400 – 01 or – 02).
Entry:
0 = off
1 = manual
2 = auto
P401 PID Update Time
Sets the update time (P401 – 01 or -02) for the corresponding PID system (1 or 2).
Normally the controller is updated each time the process value is updated (every 300
ms). However in unstable or slow reacting systems the controller update can be
programmed to update on a multiple of the process value update. A high value can
introduce instability. (f=1)
f
Entry:
1 = 300 ms
2 = 600 ms
3 = 900 ms
etc
P402PID Process Value Source
Determines the source of the process value (P402 – 01 or – 02) for the corresponding
PID system (1 or 2)
The process value is the value that the controller is trying to match with the setpoint. (f=1)
Enter:
1 = rate
2 = load
3 = mA input 1
4 = mA input 2
f
P405Proportional Term
Sets the proportional term (P405-01 or -02) for the corresponding PID system (1 or
2). (f=0.400)
Parameters
The proportional term is the proportional gain. A gain of 1 is equivalent to a
proportional band of 100%.
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 73
The proportional band is the range of deviation from the setpoint that corresponds to
the full range or the control output.
Enter the proportional term 0.000 to 2.000.
P406Integral Term
Sets the integral term (P406-01 or -02) for the corresponding PID system (1 or 2).
(f=0.200)
Enter the integral term 0.000 to 2.000.
P407Derivative Term
Sets the derivative term (P407-01 or -02) for the corresponding PID system (1 or 2).
(f=0.050)
Enter the derivative term 0.000 to 1.000.
P408Feed Forward Term
Sets the feed forward term (P408-01 or -02) for the corresponding PID system (1 or
2). (f=0.300)
Enter the feed forward term 0.000 to 1.000.
P410Manual Mode Output
Displays the percentage output value (P410-01 or -02) for the corresponding PID
system (1 or 2)
When the PID system is in manual, this is the value output, providing bumpless
transfer when switching from manual to auto. When switching from auto to manual,
this parameter is loaded with the current controlled value.
P414Setpoint Configuration
Configures the setpoint (P414-01 or -02) for the corresponding PID system (1 or 2)
Determines the source for the PID’s setpoint. If local, the setpoint value is entered
into P415. The setpoint can be set from the mA input 1 or 2. The mA value is scaled
to the full scale value of the process value (P402).
Entry:
0 = local
1 = mA input 1*
2 = mA input 2*
f
* for PID-01, the setpoint source is mA input 1
Parameters
Page 74 Accumass BW500PL-565
for PID-02, the setpoint source is mA input 2
P415Local Setpoint Value
Sets the local setpoint (P415-01 / 02), in engineering units, for the corresponding PID
system (1 or 2) when in auto mode. For the external process variable, the setpoint is
shown is %. (f=0.000)
P416External Setpoint
Displays the external setpoint (P416-01 / 02), in engineering units, for the
corresponding PID system (1 or 2). For the external process variable, the setpoint is
shown is %.
If the setpoint is external (P414 = 1 or 2), then this parameter displays the setpoint
value that is being input, either mA input 1 or 2.
P418Remote Setpoint Ratio
Sets the remote setpoint ratio (P418 –01/02) for the corresponding PID system (1 or
2) when P414 = 1 or 2. (f=100)
The remote setpoint ratio scales remote setpoint input by the set percentage. A value
of 100 means that the setpoint is 100% of the mA input.
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 75
Parameters
Batch Control (P560 – P568)
The following parameters are specific to the use of the BW500 as a batch controller.
Refer to Batch Control.
P560Batch Mode Control
Enables the batch control function. Batch control is count up.
Entry:
0 = off
1 = count up
P564Batch Setpoint
Sets the batch total. When the amount of material delivered reaches this point, the
batch relay contact opens (P100) to signal the end of the batch. (f=0.000)
Enter the setpoint of the units of weight selected (P005)
P566Batch Pre-Warn
Enables or disables the pre-warn function associated with batch control, warning that
the batch is nearing completion.
f
Entry:
0 = off
1 = on
f
P567Batch Pre-Warn Setpoint
Sets the setpoint for the pre-warn function (P566). When the batch reaches the
setpoint, the relay contact associated with the pre-warn function (P100) closes.
(f=0.000)
Enter setpoint in units of weight selected (P005)
P568Batch Pre-Act
Acts on the batch operation such that when the batch totalizer is reset, the batch total
is compared to the setpoint (P564). The difference is then applied to pre-act on the
setpoint for the next batch in order to improve the accuracy of the batch. The activity
is internally limited to ± 10% of the batch setpoint
Entry:
f
0 = off
1 = Auto
2 = Manual
Parameters
Page 76 Accumass BW500PL-565
e.g.
1st batch2nd batch3rd batch
setpoint
pre-act
total
100010001000
1000950960
10509901000
P569Manual Batch Pre-Act Amount
Enter a value to make the setpoint relay change state at a known value lower than
the setpoint (P564).
e.g.Setpoint = 1000
Manual Pre-Act = 50
The setpoint relay will activate when the batch totalizer reaches 950.
P598Span Adjust Percentage
Accessible only through manual span adjust (P019), when percent change (1) is
selected.
Refer to % Change on page 42.
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 77
Parameters
Totalization (P619 - P648)
The following parameters are specific to the use to the BW500 totalizers. Refer also
to Operation \ Totalization.
P619Totalling Dropout
This parameter sets the limit, in percent of design load, below which material rates
are not totalized. (f=3.0)
The value of '0' is reserved to allow both negative and positive totalization.
Enter drop out value in % of design load
P631Totalizer Resolution
This parameter sets the resolution of the totalizer selected.
Enables a dedicated internal totalizer that totals the amount of material conveyed
during a zero or span verification. It is used to verify the accuracy of the scale.
If a printer is connected to a port and the required programming is in order, a printout
of the activity is automatically done on completion of the verification process.
Parameters
Page 78 Accumass BW500PL-565
Entry:
0 = off, verification totalizer disabled
1 = do not total, verification totalizer is enabled, but main totalizers* are disabled
2 = add total, verification totalizer is enabled as well as main totalizers*
*main totalizers consist of internal totalizers 1 and 2, and external totalizers 1 and 2
P638External Totalizer Resolution
Note:
If the resolution selected would cause the totalizer to lag behind the count at 100%
of design rate, the next possible resolution is automatically entered.
This parameter sets the resolution of the selected external totalizer.
Sets the duration of the contact closure, in ms, for the external totalizer selected,
totalizers 1 and 2 (P643-01 or –02) (f=30)
Permissible values are in 10 ms increments from 0. The value is automatically
calculated upon entry of P1 (design rate) and P638 (totalizer 1 resolution, external)
so that the duration of contact closure allows the transistor switch response to track
the total, up to 150% of the design rate. The value can be changed to suit specific
contact closure requirements, such as in the case of programmable logic controllers
Note:
If the duration selected would cause the totalizer to lag behind the count rate, the
next possible duration is automatically entered.
P647Totalizer Display
Selects the totalizer combination to be displayed, either manually through the scroll
display key or automatically by control of the display mode (P081).
Entry:
1 = totalizer 1
2 = totalizer 2
3 = totalizer 1 and 2
f
Parameters
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 79
P648Totalizer Reset, Internal
Manual reset of the selected internal totalizer when the entry is made. (f=0)
Entry:
0 = no reset
1 = reset totalizer 2
2 = reset totalizers 1 and 2
Resetting the internal totalizers 1 and 2 resets the internal registers for external
totalizers 1 and 2.
P690 Speed Constant Entry
Selects the method by which the speed constant is entered.
1 = calculated, this selection returns the program to P015 for entry of speed constant,
either the value from the design data sheet
or
speed sensor pulses per revolution*
pulley circumference (m or ft) / revolution
2 = sensor data, the selection forwards the program to P691 and P692 for entry of
the required sensor data for automatic calculation. The calculated value is
automatically entered into P015
P691Drive Pulley Diameter
For speed constant entry (P690 =2), this parameter is enabled for entry of the drive
pulley diameter.
Enter the pulley diameter in the units requested, mm if P004 = 2 and inches if P004 =
1.
P692 Pulses Per Sensor Revolution
For speed constant entry (P690 = 2), this parameter is enabled for entry of the pulses
per revolution that the speed sensor delivers.
Enter the pulses per revolution from the speed sensor nameplate
Parameters
Page 80 Accumass BW500PL-565
ECal Parameters (P693 – P698)
Accessible only through P017 for ECal test reference. After Ecal completion, only a
zero calibration is necessary to allow access to the run mode.
P693Belt Scale Model
Selects the model of the belt scale connected to the BW500.
Entry:
1 = MUS
2 = MSI
3 = MMI
4 = other*
*in the case of other, software jumps to P699 since data entry P694 through P698
are not applicable if P693=4
P694ECal Load Cell Capacity
Enters the load cell’s weighing capacity for the selected cell. (f=1.0)
-01 = load cell A
-02 = load cell B
-03 = load cell C*
-04 = load cell D*
f
*applicable only if P693=3
Enter the value in the units corresponding to the scale selection, e.g. in kg if P693 =
1, or lb if P693 = 2 or 3.
P695ECal Load Cell Sensitivity
Enters the load cell’s sensitivity for the selected cell. (f=1.0)
-01 = load cell A
-02 = load cell B
-03 = load cell C*
-04 = load cell D*
*applicable only if P693=3
Enter the value in mV/V obtained from load cell nameplate
P696ECal Load Cell Excitation
Determines the excitation applied to the load cells. (f=10.00)
Nominally this value is 10 V. However, a measurement of the voltage at the load cell
provides the most accurate entry.
Parameters
Enter the load cell excitation in volts dc.
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 81
P697ECal Idler Spacing
Enters the measured distance between the weighing idlers. Refer to the associated
belt scale instruction manual. (f=1.0)
Distance units are:
feet:if the imperial system of measurement has been selected, P004 = 1
metres:if the metric system of measurement has been selected, P004 = 2
Enter the distance to three decimal points.
P698ECal Conveyor Inclination
Enters the inclination or declination angle of the conveyor at the point where the belt
scale is installed. (f=0.0000)
Enter the inclination in degrees
Upon entry, display jumps to P017 to display the design load value as the test load.
P699ECal mV Span
Applicable only for Milltronics belt scales not listed in P693, or scales other than
Milltronics (P693 = 4).
Enter the mV span corresponding to 0 to 100% full scale load
Upon entry, display jumps to P017 to display the design load value as the test load.
P735Back Light
Sets the intensity of the back light for the LCD. (f=10)
Entry:
0 = off
1 to 10 = low to high
Parameters
Page 82 Accumass BW500PL-565
P739Time Zone
The offset from Greenwich mean time (GMT) of local time.
This parameter does not affect any timed events because all times are local. It can
be accessed by a remote computer for synchronization purposes.
Enter local time zone –12 to 12
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 83
Parameters
Communication (P750 - P792)
These parameters cover the various communications formats supported by the
BW500: serial printer, Dolphin Plus, SmartLinx
®
, and Modbus.
P750 – P769 SmartLinx® Module Specific Parameters
These parameters are specific to the SmartLinx® module installed. Refer to the
module documentation for a list and description of the specific parameter
requirements.
P770 – P789 Local Port Parameters
These parameters are specific to programming of the BW500 communication ports.
Refer to Communications for a listing and description of these parameters.
P790SmartLinx® Error Status
Displays the results of ongoing hardware tests within the communications circuitry. If
any test does not meet the PASS requirements, communication halts and tests are
repeated until PASS requirements are met. Communication then resumes.
P791SmartLinx® Protocol Status
P792SmartLinx
Displays the number or errors.
®
Error Count
P799Communications Control
Assigns programming control through the local keypad (or Dolphin Plus, P770 = 1),
or through a Modbus protocol (P770 = 2 or 3)
Entry:
0 = local
1 = modbus
Parameters
Page 84 Accumass BW500PL-565
Test and Diagnostic (P900 - P951)
These parameters are used for test and diagnostic purposes.
P900Software Revision
Displays the EPROM (Flash ROM) software revision level.
P901Memory Test
Tests the memory. Test is initiated by scrolling to the parameter or repeated by
'pressing enter'
Display:
PASS = normal
FAIL = consult Milltronics.
P911mA Output Test
Tests the mA output value for the output selected, outputs 1 to 3 (P911 – 01 to -03)
Displays the value from the previous measurement. A test value can be entered and
the displayed value is transmitted to the output. Upon returning to the run mode, the
parameter assumes the actual mA output level. (f=0)
Use the up and down to scroll the value
P914mA Input Value
Displays the current mA input value for the input selected, inputs 1 to 2 (P914 – 01 to
-02).
Note:
Not applicable if mA I/O board is not connected.
P918Speed Input Frequency
Displays the frequency of the speed input signal in Hertz.
P940Load Cell mV Signal Test
Displays the raw (unbalanced) mV signal input for the selected load cell, load cells A
to D* (P940 – 01 to – 04)
Range 0.00 - 60.00 mV.
*depending on the number of load cells selected by P003, not all load cells may be in
use.
Parameters
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 85
P943Load Cell A/D Reference
Displays the A/D reference value for the selected load cells. These values are
affected by load cell balancing (P295).
Load cells are:
– 01 = A and B
– 02 = C and D
– 03 = A and B plus C and D
– 04 = A
– 05 = B
– 06 = C
– 07 = D
P948Error Log
Displays a log of the last 25 error or alarm events (P948 – 01 to – 25) that have
occurred. Event 01 is the current error.
Display:
0 = no error
# = error code, refer to Troubleshooting on page 137
P949Diagnostic Error Testing
Enables or disables diagnostic error checking for memory, load cell and zero speed.
(f=0)
Entry:
0 = disable
1 = enable
Refer to Troubleshooting on page 137.
P950Zero Register
Registers the number of zero calibrations that have been done since the last master
reset. (f=0)
P951Span Register
Registers the number of span calibrations for the span selected, span 1 to 4 (P951 01 to - 04), that have been done since the last master reset. (f=0)
P952Design Load
Displays the value of the design load, which corresponds to the full scale value for
alarm and mA output functions. The design load is calculated, based on the design
rate and design speed. (f=0.00)
Parameters
Page 86 Accumass BW500PL-565
P999Master Reset
Resets parameters and totalizers to their factory setting. (f=0)
Enter ‘9’ to execute the reset
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 87
Parameters
Parameters
Page 88 Accumass BW500PL-565
Operation
Load Sensing
In order for the BW500 to calculate rate and hence totalize material flow along the
belt conveyor, a load signal representative of weight of material on the belt is
required. The load signal is provided by the belt scale. The BW500 is compatible with
belt scales fitted with one, two or four strain gauge type load cells. In order to function
with LVDT type load cells, an optional LVDT conditioning card is required.
Refer to Specifications on page 9, and Installation on page 13 for belt scale
requirements and connection.
Speed Sensing
In order for the BW500 to calculate rate and hence totalize material flow along the
belt conveyor, a speed signal representative of belt speed is required. For optimum
accuracy of the weighing system, both constant and variable speed applications, a
speed sensor is required. The design speed (P014) and speed constant (P015) need
to be programmed.
In constant speed applications (no speed sensor), the BW500 can be programmed to
provide an internal speed signal. This is achieved by entering the design speed
(P014) and providing a contact closure across speed input terminals (17/18). The
speed constant (P015) defaults to ‘jumpered’. This contact should change to open
when the conveyor is idle to prevent errant totalization.
Operation
Refer to Specifications on page 9 and Installation on page 13 for speed sensor
requirements and connection.
Modes of Operation
Run is the normal or reference mode of operation. It continuously processes the load
and speed signals from the belt scale to produce internal load, speed and rate
signals, which are in turn used as the basis for totalization, mA output, relay control,
and communication data. The run display is programmed (P081) to scroll through
rate, totalization (P647), load and speed; either manually by pressing the enter key,
or automatically.
The program mode allows viewing and, with security permission (P000), editing
parameter values. During program, run mode functions are still active, i.e.: rate, relay,
mA output and totalization.
If the program mode is left idle for a period of ten minutes, it automatically reverts to
the run mode.
Zero and span calibrations effectively halt the run mode while they are in progress.
During this time, totalization ceases, and all mA outputs, except for PID, fall to zero.
Damping (P080) provides control over the speed at which the displayed readings and
output functions respond to changes in their respective input function; load, speed
and the internal rate signals. Changes in the displayed rate of material flow, material
loading and belt speed are controlled by the damping. Relay alarm functions based
on input functions of rate, load and speed, respond to the damped value.
Damping consists of a first order filter applied to the signal (reading or output value),
so long as the change in signal is within ±10% of the established reference value. If
the signal deviation is greater than 10% of the reference value, the signal will jump
immediately to that new value. This value will be the new reference.
For example:
A conveyor is running material at 3 t/hr. The damping value, P080 = 3, keeps the
reading and associated output stable over the normal operating fluctuation; i.e. the
rate varies within the filters active band, 2.7 and 3.3 t/hr. If the feed to the conveyor
suffered a blockage and the rate dropped to 1.5 t/hr, the damping would be bypassed
and the readings and output would immediately jump to correspond to the 1.5 t/hr
rate, and establish a reference value of 1.5 t/hr. The active damping band is now set
to ±10% about the 1.5 t/hr value, or 1.35 to 1.65 t/hr. If the blockage cleared itself
slowly, i.e. the rate of increase was within the 10% active damping band; the rate
readings and output would gradually increase at the damped value. The 10% band
would continuously reestablish a new reference value as the rate of material
progressed.
If mA damping (P220) is enabled (value other than 0), then the damping (P080) as itpertains to the mA function is overridden, and responds independently at the
specified mA output damping rate (P220).
Note:
Damping (P080 or P220) is not applicable to the mA output when programmed for
PID function (P201 = 4).
Page 90 Accumass BW500PL-565
mA I/O (0/4-20 mA)
Output
The standard BW500 provides one isolated mA output. The output can be assigned
(P201) to represent rate, load or speed. The output range can be set to 0 - 20 mA or
4 - 20 mA (P200). The 0 or 4 mA value corresponds to empty or zero condition,
whereas the 20 mA value corresponds to the associated design value: rate (P011),
load (P952) or speed (P014). The mA output can be limited for over range levels of 0
mA minimum and 22 mA maximum (P212 and P213 respectively). The output 4 and
20 mA levels can also be trimmed (P214 and 215 respectively) to agree with a
milliammeter or other external mA device.
The mA output value can be tested to output a prescribed value using parameter
P911. Refer to P911 on page 85.
The optional mA I/O board provides two additional mA outputs, programmable as
outputs 2 and 3, using the same parameters as the standard output (1). If
programmed for PID control, output 2 is assigned to PID control loop 1 and output 3
is assigned to PID control loop 2.
Input
Operation
The optional mA I/O board provides two mA inputs, programmable as inputs 1 and 2.
If programmed for PID control, generally, input 1 is assigned to PID control loop 1
and input 2 is assigned to PID control loop 2.
The input range can be set to 0-20 mA or 4-20 mA (P250), and assigned a function
(P255), e.g. PID setpoint. The 4 and 20 mA levels can be trimmed (P261 and P262)
to agree with an external device.
Relay Output
The BW500 offers five single pole single throw (SPST) relays that can be assigned
(P100) to one of the following alarm functions:
• rate:relay alarms on high and/or low material flow rate.
• load:relay alarms on high and or low belt load.
• speed:relay alarms on high and/or low belt speed.
• diagnostic: relay alarms on any error condition as it is reported.
• PID: PID control setpoint deviation*
• batch pre-warn
• batch setpoint
Refer to Troubleshooting on page 137.
*is offered only if the PID system (P400) is enabled.
For rate, load and speed alarm functions, the high and low alarm setpoints (P101 and
P102 respectively) are required and must be entered in the appropriate units. The
high alarm setpoint acts as the setpoint deviation alarm for relays programmed for
PID setpoint deviation.
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 91
The on / off actuation at both high and low setpoints is buffered by the damping
(P080) and the programmable dead band (P117), to prevent relay chatter due to
fluctuations. The relay is normally energized; holding the normally open (n.o.) contact
closed (can be programmed for reverse operation, P118). Upon an alarm condition,
the relay is de-energized and the relay contact is opened. Once in alarm, the relay
remains in alarm state until the alarm condition is removed.
The totalization function is based on the internal rate (mass per unit time) signal
proportional to belt speed and load on the associated belt scale. It is not affected by
the damping function (P080). The rate signal is sampled several times a second to
accurately count the mass of material conveyed. The count is held in the master
totalizer used to increment the internal totalizers and to produce a pulse signal for the
remote totalizers.
The BW500 provides several separate totalizer functions:
Internal totalizers:
• local display (totalizers 1 and 2)
• verification totalizer (totalizer 3)
• material test totalizer (totalizer 4)
• batch total (totalizer 5)
External totalizers
•totalizer outputs (remote totalizers 1 and 2)
Page 92 Accumass BW500PL-565
To avoid totalizing material at flow rates below the low flow rate limit, the totalizer
drop out limit (P619) is set to a percentage of the design load. Below this limit,
totalization stops. When material flow returns to a rate above the drop out limit,
totalization resumes.
Totalizer resolution or count value is set by the respective internal (P631) and
external (P638) totalizer* resolution parameters.
*If the resolution selected causes the totalizer to lag behind the count rate, the next
possible resolution is automatically entered.
e.g.: Internal totalizer 1
given: P005 = 1 (t/h)
P631 = 5
then:totalizer count increments by 10 for each 10 metric tonnes registered
External totalizer 1
given: P005 = 1 (t/h)
P638 = 5
then:contact closure occurs once for every 10 metric tonnes registered
Operation
For remote totalization, the contact closure duration (P643) is automatically
calculated upon entry of the design rate (P011) and remote totalizer (P638)
parameters, so that the duration of contact closure allows the relay response to track
the total up to 150% of the design rate. The value can be changed to suit specific
contact closure requirements, such as in the case of programmable logic controllers.
If the duration selected is inappropriate, the next possible duration is automatically
entered.
The totalizers are reset through the master reset (P999), the totalizer reset (P648) or
through the keypad.
• master reset: the reset of all totalizer functions is included in the master reset.
• totalizer reset: totalizer reset can be used to resets internal totalizers 1 and 2, or
totalizer 2 independently. Resetting the internal totalizers 1 and 2
resets the internal registers for external totalizers 1 and 2.
•keypad: pressing
while in the run mode resets internal totalizer 1
Placing the internal totalizers on to the display scroll of the run mode is controlled by
the totalizer display parameter (P647); displaying either one or both totalizers.
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 93
Operation
Page 94 Accumass BW500PL-565
PID Control
The PID control algorithm in the BW500 is designed specifically to work for feed rate
control applications. It is based on motor control type algorithms and includes several
anti-wind up provisions.
One way to prevent wind up is to monitor the input speed frequency from the
weighfeeder. If the input frequency drops below 5 Hz, the PID control output freezes
at its current value. Otherwise, the output winds up to 100% if the feeder is shut off
while there is still a set point greater than zero. When the feeder is turned back on,
there would be a surge of product flow until the system regains stability. With antiwind up, the feeder can be stopped and started with minimal disruption to the
controlled flow rate.
In order for the BW500 to operate as a controller, the following must be addressed:
✔hardware
✔connections
✔setup and tuning
✔programming
PID Control
Hardware
Connections
1. setpoint controller – load control
2. setpoint controller – rate control
3. setpoint controller – rate and load control
4. setpoint controller – external process variable with or without rate and load control
In order for the BW500 to operate as a controller, the optional mA I/O board must be
installed. Refer to Installation on page 13.
Connections to process instruments, in addition to standard operating connections,
must be made.
Refer to Installation on page 13, specifically:
Relay Output on page 25, for relay connections
mA I/O board on page 15, for mA input and output connections
Auxiliary Inputs on page 23, for optional remote control
Connect the BW500 as either a:
PID loopmA outputterminalsmA inputterminal
121 & 215 & 6
233 & 427 & 8
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 95
(mA I/O)(mA I/O)
Setpoint Controller – Rate Control
shearing weighfeeder
belt scale
motor
speed
controller
PID Control
speed
sensor
speed
PID 1 process value source -rate
(P402-01 = 1)
Setpoint Controller – Load Control
load
control output
(P201-02 = 4)
optional remote
setpoint - rate
(P255-01 = 1 )
motor
speed
controller
belt scale
Page 96 Accumass BW500PL-565
speed
sensor
PID 1 process value source -load
(P402-01 = 2)
speed
load
control output
(P201-02 = 4)
optional remote
setpoint - load
(P255-01 = 1 )
Setpoint Controller – Master/Slave Control
belt scale
speed
sensor
SLAVE
load
motor
speed
controller
control output rate
(P201-02=4)
PID Control
speed
sensor
MASTER
speed
PID 1 process value source -rate
(P402-01 = 1)
speed
remote ratio
setpoint rate
(P255-01 = 1
P418-01 to suit)
motor
speed
controller
load
control
output
(P201-02=4)
rate*
(P201-01 = 1)
PID 1 process value source -load
(P402-01 = 1)
*P201-03 = 1 also applicable
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 97
remote setpoint rate
(P255-01 = 1)
PID Control
–
–
Setpoint Controller – Rate and Load Control
belt scale
speed
sensor
load
motor
speed
controller
rate
motor
speed
controller
load
PID 1
control output,
(P201-02 = 4)
Setup and Tuning
Before proceeding, it would be beneficial to qualify and quantify the terms you will
encounter in the setup and tuning of the control system.
Proportional Control (Gain), P
The P term on the BW500 adjusts the control output based on the difference between
the set point and the measured flow rate. A higher P term makes the BW500 more
sensitive and faster to react to changes or disturbances. If set too high, the BW500
becomes less stable, and more susceptible to oscillations in the control output.
• allowable input range:0.000 to 2.000
• typical operating range:0.300 to 0.600
• default value:0.400
speed
PID 1 process value -load
(P402-01 = 2)
PID 1 process value -rate
(P402-02 = 1)
control output,
PID 2
(P201-03 = 4)
PID 1 remote setpoint load (P255-01 = 1)
PID 2 remote setpoint rate (P255-02 = 1)
The control output cannot reach the setpoint using only the P term. Since the P term
acts on the difference between the setpoint and process variable, a small
difference between these two always exist and the difference is never zero. A small
P term can get the process very close to set point, but it would take a very long time.
At the very least, an I term is required to eliminate the offset created by the P term.
Page 98 Accumass BW500PL-565
Integral Control (Automatic Reset), I
The I term on the BW500 is used to increase or reduce the amount of control output
to eliminate the offset caused by the P term. The I term acts on the accumulation of
the error over small increments of time. As the process reaches setpoint and the
error becomes small, the effect of the I term decreases. A higher I term makes the
BW500 faster to react to changes, but can also make it less stable.
• allowable input range:0.000 to 2.000
• typical operating range:0.100 to 0.300
• default value:0.200
The P and I terms together can make a suitable control algorithm and for many
applications, they work fine. However, if faster response to changes is desired, it is
necessary to use larger P and I terms. Unfortunately, larger terms can make the
system unstable. A derivative term is needed to influence the control output as the
process variable approaches the set point.
Derivative Control (Pre-Act or Rate), D
The D term on the BW500 influences the control output based on changes in the
magnitude and direction of the change in error. If there is a constant error, the D
term has no effect. As the error gets larger, the D term combines with the P term to
make the BW500 control output respond faster. When the error is getting smaller,
the D term acts to reduce the amount of control output to help prevent overshooting
the set point. In general, a higher P term will require a larger D term.
PID Control
+
ErrorSetpoint
-
Decreasing
Error
Direction of
Proportional
Action
Direction of
Derivative
Action
• allowable input range:0.000 to 1.000
• typical operating range:0.010 to 0.100
• default value:0.050
The result of the derivative action is that it can make a system more responsive and
more stable at the same time.
Incr.
Error
Decr.
Error
Increasing
Error
PL-565Accumass BW500Page 99
PID Control
Feed Forward Control, F
On the BW500, the F term is used to adjust the control output based on a setpoint
change. The use of this term can make the system reach the new setpoint faster. If
the term is not used, the system responds using the P, I and D terms only. The
difference between the new setpoint and the process variable is the error and the
control algorithm responds to eliminate this new error.
When the F term is used and a new setpoint is entered, a proportion of the difference
between the new setpoint and the process variable is automatically added on to the
control output. This shifts the process variable closer to the new setpoint faster than
using the P, I and D terms alone. This is done on a one time basis.
• allowable input range:0.000 to 1.000
• typical operating range:0.250 to 0.550
• default value:0.300
The PID control function of the BW500 can be configured to operate in several
modes.
• controller output: direct acting
• feedback: rate, load or external
• control: local or remote (ratio) setpoint
PID Setup and Tuning
Proper tuning of the control PID terms is essential to system operation and optimum
performance from the feeder. The recommended procedures for tuning the PID
control terms at initial start-up are described in this section.
Initial Start-Up
Although the default values of the P, I, D and F terms will suit the majority of
applications, shearing weigh feeders in particular, some tuning will be necessary
nonetheless.
There are several techniques and procedures for tuning conventional PID controllers,
some work better depending upon the application. We recommend using "closedloop cycling" for the BW500 integrator/controller for feed rate control. This technique
focuses on tuning the P term first while disabling the I and D terms. This is followed
by adding and tuning the I term, then the D term. To outline this procedure:
1. With the P term set to its default value of 0.400, disable the I, D and F terms by
setting them to 0.000.
2. Enter a feed rate setpoint that is 30% of the designed maximum flow rate.
3. Having applied the test weights or chain provided, start the feeder and observe the
time it takes the feeder to reach setpoint, also observe the oscillation around setpoint.
4. Adjust the P term accordingly for consistent oscillation and error. Progressively
decrease the P term value if there is too much oscillation and error. Likewise,
Page 100 Accumass BW500PL-565
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