CM7/8 100Base-T System User’s Manual5/04/05Page iii
Page iv 5/04/05CM7/8 100Base-T System User’s Manual
Using This Manual
Introduction
Welcome to the CM7/8 100Base-T System User’s Manual. Use this section as a short
guide of the organization of information in this manual. Use the Table of Contents for
further detail.
Manual Organization
Apart from this, manual chapters and sections include the following:
Glossary—describes common terms and acronyms used in this manual.
Table of Contents—indexes subject headings and page numbers.
Chapter 1,
equipment description and system specifications.
Chapter 2,
radio, equipment descriptions and configurations, switching and loopback information,
and detailed instructions on how to use the radio features.
Chapter 3,
other module-specific information, such as operation, features, and jumper and switch
settings.
Chapter 4,
configure, and install the radio.
Chapter 5,
Chapter 6,
module replacement procedures.
Appendix A,
Appendix B, QuikLink
Appendix C,
Appendix D,
Appendix E,
General Information—information about the radio system including
Principles of Operation—including a description of signal flow through the
Module Descriptions—divided into sections with module block diagrams and
Equipment Installation—gives step-by-step instructions on how to unpack,
System Verification—describes radio alignment and tests.
Maintenance—procedures, and provides sections on troubleshooting and
T/I Curves—for the CM7/8 100Base-T radio.
Screens—description used on the local maintenance terminal.
Configuration Tables—necessary to prepare the radio for operation.
Alarm Codes—alarm condition codes that the system logs.
Frequency Settings—LO FREQ ADJ dip switch settings.
CM7/8 100Base-T System User’s ManualPage v
Appendix F,
Index—index of key words.
SNMP Option—discusses the SNMP option installation and operation.
Chapter 2Alignment
Quick Reference
The following quick reference table identifies tasks and the manual sections with the
appropriate information or procedure.
Quick Reference Table
DescriptionChapter
How to install the radio4
How to verify radio operation5
How to maintain the radio6
How to troubleshoot the radio6
How to repair the radio6
How to spare the radio TXU/RXU6
How to switch TX2
How to switch RX2
How to initiate loopbacks2
How to enable or disable APC2
How to check or change frequency2
How to change protection configuration2
How to add service channel2
How to add orderwire2
How to add a WTU2
How to check for alarms2
How to check the alarm log2
How to check performance values2
How to establish RF loopback6
How to check receive threshold5
How to check Tx fade margin5
How to add NMU2
How to add SNMP managementApp. F
Page viCM7/8 100Base-T System User’s Manual
Commercial Warranty
Microwave Networks, Inc. (MNI) manufactured products are warranted to be free from defect in
material and workmanship for a period of two (2) years from date of shipment. In the event of a
defect during the warranty period, Buyer will return item to the MNI depot repair facility for
repair or replacement. Repair at MNI's option may include the replacement of parts or equipment,
and all replaced parts or equipment shall be the property of MNI. Parts or equipment replaced during the warranty period are warranted for the remainder of the original applicable warranty period
or ninety (90) days, whichever is greater. This express warranty is extended by MNI to the original Buyer for commercial, industrial or governmental use. Such action on the part of MNI shall be
the full extent of MNI's liability and Buyer's exclusive remedy.
This warranty extends only to products manufactured by MNI, and it is expressly conditioned
upon the equipment having been installed in accordance with the installation practices accepted
by the telecommunications industry, the standard installation and configuration practices recommended by MNI, and the equipment having been maintained in accordance with MNI recommended standard maintenance practices. Frequency sensitive components, towers, vidicon tubes,
test equipment, batteries, and other manufacturers' products are excluded, but carry their own separate limited warranties as authorized by the individual manufacturers.
This warranty shall automatically terminate if the product is used in other than its normal and customary manner, has been subject to misuse, accident, neglect or damage, has improper alterations
or repairs made to it, or if nonconforming parts are used in the product, unless done by a service
facility authorized by MNI to perform warranty service. An authorization to return products to
MNI under this warranty must be obtained from the MNI Customer Care Center prior to making
shipment to MNI's repair center . All returns shall be shipped freight prepaid and collect shipments
will not be accepted. MNI will prepay return freight charges on repaired and replaced products
found to be defective. There will be a minimum charge for each warranty module replacement
requested as an emergency exchange.
Because each radio system is unique, MNI disclaims liability for range, coverage, or operation of
a system as a whole under this warranty except by a separate written agreement signed by an
officer of MNI. MNI's total liability is limited to the total price of the products sold. Buyer's sole
remedy is to request MNI, at MNI's option, to either refund the purchase price, repair or replace
product(s) that are not as warranted. No action shall be brought for any breach of this contract
more than one (1) year after the accrual of such cause of action except for money due upon open
account.
This MNI warranty is given in lieu of all other warranties, either expressed or implied, which are
specifically excluded, including warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose.
In no event shall MNI be liable for any incidental or consequential damages arising from this warranty.
Where you can find us
Company Headquarters:
Microwave Networks
4000 Greenbriar
Stafford, TX 77477
USA
Tel 281.263.6500
Fax 281.263.6400
Toll free in US 1.888.225.6429
Internet: www.microwavenetworks.com
24-Hour Customer Service Hotline
Tel 281.263.6501
Toll free in US 1.888.225.4762
International
London
Tel 44.1628.788383
Fax 44.1628.788424
Glossary
A
ACO — Alarm Cut Off.
ACU — Alarm and Control Unit.
A/D or ADC — Analog-to-Digital Converter.
AGC — Automatic Gain Control.
AIS — Alarm Indication Signal (all “1” bit pattern).
ALBO — Automatic Line Build Out.
ALC — Automatic Level Control.
ALM — Alarm.
AMI — Alternate Mark Inversion.
Annunciator — Sub-board on Access Panel that contains the alarm cut-off (ACO) switch and LED, Major LED, Minor LED,
Manual LED and SEC Fail LED.
ANT — Antenna.
APC — Automatic Power Control.
ATDE — Adaptive Time Domain Equalizer (plug-in module). This unit combats linear channel distortions caused by all
sources, but is specifically used to fight dispersive fade degradations.
ATT — Attenuation.
AUX — Auxiliary.
B
B8ZS — Binary Eight Zero Substitution.
BB — Baseband. The lowest frequency around which signals are process e d.
BCH — Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem — A block format FEC code, characterized by high efficiency and applicability to
random error event channels.
BER — Bit Error Rate.
BGT — Backward Guard Time.
BPF — Band Pass Filter.
BPV — Bipolar Violation.
BW — Bandwidth.
C
CCIR — International Radio Consultative Committee.
CM System Users ManualPage ix
Glossary
CCITT — International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee.
C/I — Carrier-to-Interference Ratio.
CLK — Clock.
Codec — Coder/Decoder.
Co-located — located in the same rack, as in two CM radios.
Constellation — The totality of possible signal states used by the modem to send level information. Each point comprising
the pattern is described by I and Q coordinates.
CTIA — Cellular Telecommunications Industry Association.
D
D — D word time or pattern; D frame.
D/A or DAC — Digital-to-Analog Converter.
DADE — Differential Absolute Delay Equalization.
dBm0 — dB above reference noise measured with C-message weighting at 0 transmission level point.
DEC — Double Error Correction.
DEMOD — Demodulator (plug-in module).
DFM — Dispersive Fade Margin, a measure (in dB) of a system's immunity to dispersive fade activity.
DISGAP — Distributed GAP.
Dispersive Fade — A change in propagation condition which affects the shape of the desired channel response. Typically, this
is caused by multipath activity and is equalized by the ATDE and Slope Equalizer.
DIU — Drop and Insert Unit (plug-in module).
DIV — Diversity.
DRO — Dielectric Resonator Oscillator.
DS1 — Digital Signal 1, the primary multiplex level in North American TDM hierarchy (1.544 Mbps).
DS3 — Digital Signal 3, the third multiplex level in North American TDM hierarchy (44.736 Mbps).
DSB — Double Side Band.
DSB-SC — Double Side Band-Suppressed Carrier.
DTMF — Dual Tone Multi-frequency.
DVM — Digital Voltmeter.
E
E1— Primary multiplex level in International TDM hierarchy (2.048 Mbps).
E3— Third multiplex level in International TDM hierarchy (34.368 Mbps).
EFS — Error Free Seconds.
EMC — Electromagnetic Compatibility.
FE — Framing Error.
FEC — Forward Error Correction.
FEC Gap — Frame gap that coincides with FEC parity bit times.
FER — Frame Error Rate.
FET — Field Effect Transistor.
FF — Frequency Diversity Transmitter/ Frequency Diversity Receiver.
FGT — Forward Guard Time.
FI — FEC “I” Flag.
Microwave Networks
FIFO — First In First Out.
Flat Fade — A change in propagation conditions which affects the level of the received signal. This is compensated for by
receiver AGC and possibly transmitter APC.
FLC — Frame Loss Counter.
FLS — Frame Loss Second.
Form A — Relay with normally open contacts.
Form B — Relay with normally closed contacts.
Form C — Relay with transfer contacts.
FQ — FEC “Q” Flag.
FR — Frame Resupply.
FREQ — Frequency.
FS — Symbol rate.
G
Gray Code — A counting scheme using binary numbers whereby adjacent numbers differ in only one bit position.
H
HDBn — High Density Bipolar signal, with a maximum of “n” consecutive zeros.
HH — Hot Standby Transmitter/Hot Standby Receiver.
HHU — Hand-held Unit.
CM System Users ManualPage xi
Glossary
HP — Hop Parity.
HS — Hot Standby Transmitter/Space Diversity Receiver.
H/W —Hardware.
I
IF — Intermediate Frequency (70 MHz).
IFP — Interface Panel.
In-Service — System carries live traffic.
INT — Interference.
I/P or IN — Input.
ISI — Inter-symbol Interference.
J
K
L
LBO — Line Build Out.
LDU — Local Display Unit.
LED — Light Emitting Diode.
LEV —Level.
LNA — Low Noise Amplifier.
LNDC — Low Noise Down Converter.
LO — Local Oscillator.
LOS — Line of Site.
LOW — Local Orderwire.
LPF — Low Pass Filter.
M
M — M word time or pattern; M frame.
Mbps — Megabits per second.
MDI — Media Dependent Interface
MGC — Manual Gain Control.
MHSB — Monitored Hot Standby radio protection configuration.
MLA — Microwave Link Analyzer.
Page xiiCM System Users Manual
Microwave Networks
MOD — Modulator (plug-in module).
Modem — Modulator/Demodulator.
MTBF — Mean Time Between Failure.
MTTR — Mean Time to Repair.
Multipath — Dynamic linear distortion characterized by notches and/or slope in the channel frequency response. The
phenomena is caused by multiple independent propagation paths connecting transmitter and receiver.
MUX — Multiplexer (plug-in module).
MWG — Microwave Generator.
REA — Rural Electrification Administration.
RF — Radio Frequency.
RFI — Radio Frequency Interference.
RFS — Radio Frequency Shelf.
RMU — Rack Mounting Units, 1.75 inches.
RU — Rack Unit, 1.75 inches.
RX — Receive(r).
RXU — Receiver Unit (plug-in module).
S
SBY — Standby.
SC — Service Channel.
SCU — Service Channel Unit (plug-in module).
SD — Space Diversity radio protection configuration.
SEC — Seconds.
SF — Signal Failed (140 Mb/s).
SLEQ — Slope Equalizer.
SO — Stuff Opportunity.
SP — Signal Processing.
S/P — Serial-to-Parallel (Data Stream Conversion).
Page xivCM System Users Manual
Microwave Networks
SPS — Signal Processing Shelf.
SR — Stuff Request.
SS — Space Diversity Transmitter/Space Diversity Receiver.
S/W — Software.
SWR — Switching Request.
SYM — Symbol.
Symbol Rate or Frequency (fs) —The rate (frequency) at which symbols are generated. Since symbols represent any of 3, 5,
or 7 bits (for 8, 32, and 128 QAM respectively), the system bit rate is 3, 5, or 7 times higher
than the symbol rate.
T1 — Transmission medium capable of carrying a TDM signal at 1.544 Mbps.
T3 — Digital Signal 3, the third multiplex level in North American TDM hierarchy (44.736 Mbps).
TDM — Time Division Multiplexing.
T/I — Threshold to Interference.
TIU — TELESCAN Interface Unit.
T/R — Transmitter/Receiver pair (2 T/Rs in a monitored hot standby radio).
TTL — Transistor-Transistor Logic.
TX — Transmit(ter).
TXU — Transmitter Unit (plug-in module).
U
U/C — Upconverter.
UI — Unit Interval, Jitter.
UIS — User Interface Software.
UPSTRM — Upstream.
VCO — Voltage Controlled Oscillator.
VF — Voice Frequency.
Radio Features........................................................................................................................................... 1-2
IP Protocol and DS3/E3 Data Transfer ..................................................................................................... 1-3
Radio Network Configuration................................................................................................................... 1-4
General Information.................................................................................................................................. 2-1
Transmit Function .............................................................................................................................. 2-1
Transmitter Unit ................................................................................................................................. 2-4
RF Power Supply................................................................................................................................ 2-4
Signal Processing ...................................................................................................................................... 2-5
General Information ............................................................................................................................... 3-2-1
General Information ............................................................................................................................... 3-4-1
General Information ............................................................................................................................... 3-3-1
General Information ............................................................................................................................... 3-5-1
General Information ............................................................................................................................... 3-6-1
General Information ............................................................................................................................... 3-7-1
ACU Features......................................................................................................................................... 3-7-3
Setting the ACU Board........................................................................................................................... 3-7-3
General Information ............................................................................................................................... 3-8-1
MOD Features........................................................................................................................................ 3-8-3
Setting the MOD Board.......................................................................................................................... 3-8-4
General Information ............................................................................................................................... 3-9-1
General Information ............................................................................................................................. 3-10-1
General Information ............................................................................................................................. 3-11-1
General Information ............................................................................................................................. 3-12-1
General Information ............................................................................................................................. 3-13-1
General Information ............................................................................................................................. 3-14-1
General Information ............................................................................................................................. 3-15-1
Preparing the Installation........................................................................................................................... 4-1
Preparing the Site................................................................................................................................ 4-1
Installing the Equipment Rack .................................................................................................................. 4-4
Grounding the Rack................................................ ............................................................................ 4-6
DC Power Cables................................................................................................................................ 4-7
Verifying DC Cabling ........................................................................................................................ 4-7
Cabling the Access Panel .............................................................. ............................................................ 4-8
CM7/8 100Base-T System User’s ManualPage xx
Microwave Networks
Signal Wiring...................................................................................................................................... 4-9
Inspecting the System............................................. ... ................................................................................ 5-1
Radio Configuration....................................................... .... ................................................................ 5-1
IF Cabling........................................................................................................................................... 5-7
Data Link ......................................................................................................................................... 5-10
Record RSL/AGC............................................................................................................................. 5-13
Commissioning the Radio ....................................................................................................................... 5-15
Recommended Test Equipment............................................................................................................... 5-16
Test Tables............................................................................................................................................... 5-18
Calling for Service..................................................................................................................................... 6-1
Field Changes............................................................................................................................................ 6-9
Changing LO Frequency .................................................................................................................... 6-9
Check LO Frequency................................................................... .... ............................................ 6-9
Change LO Frequency................................................................................................................. 6-9
Monitoring Radio Functions..................................................................................................................... B-4
Index of Screens....................................................................................................................................... B-4
Screen Menu Flowcharts...................................................................................................... .................... B-7
Local Maintenance Screens...................................................................................................................... B-9
System Operation .................................................................................................................................... F-10