Microwave Data Systems Inc.
MDS T ransNET 900
Model EL805
Spread Spectrum
Data T ransceiver
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B
AUGUST 2002
™
Installation & Operation Guide
Installation & Operation Guide
QUICK START GUIDE
1. Install and connect the antenna system to the transceiver
• Use a high-quality gain antenna, mounted in the clear.
• Use a low-loss feedline such as LMR 400.
• Preset directional antennas in the direction of desired transmission/reception.
2. Connect the data equipment to the radio’s DB-9F DATA connector
• Connect only the required pins. EIA-232, shown below, typically uses only
TXD, RXD and GND. (See Page 56 EIA-485 interface connections.)
• Verify the connected data equipment is configured as DTE. (Radio is DCE.)
DB-25
TXD
RXD
GND
RTS
(DTE)
CTS
DTR
DATA EQUIPMENT
DSR
DB-9
TXD
2
3
7
4
5
20
6
3
RXD
2
5
JUMPERS:
Only if required by RTU.
See manual for additional details.
GND
(DCE)
TRANSCEIVER
DB-9
TXD
RXD
GND
DTR
(DTE)
DSR
RTS
DATA EQUIPMENT
CTS
3
2
5
4
6
7
8
JUMPERS:
Only if required by RTU.
See manual for additional details.
3
2
5
DB-9
TXD
RXD
GND
3. Apply DC power to the radio. Use the supplied 2-pin connector
• Input voltage is 6–30 Vdc. Observe proper polarity. The left pin is positive (+)
and the right is negative (–). (See Page 16 for details.)
4. Configure with a PC terminal or TransNET Configuration Software
• Connect computer to radio’s DIAG connector. See Page 54 for cable wiring.
• Set the Mode using the
(Extension) command. (Note: Only
• Set a unique Network Address (1–65000) using
in the system
must
MODE M
(Master),
one
MODE R
Master is permitted in a system.)
ADDR
have the same network address.
(Remote), or
MODE X
command. Each radio
Tip: Use the last four
digits of the Master’s serial number to help avoid conflicts with other
MDS TransNET 900 networks.
• Set the baud rate/data interface parameters. Default setting is 9600 bps, 8
data bits, no parity, 1 stop bit. If changes are required, use the
abc
command where
xxxxx
equals the data rate (1200–115200 bps) and
BAUD xxxxx
equals the communication parameters as follows:
a
= Data Bits (7 or 8)
b
= Parity (N for None, O for Odd, E for Even
c
= Stop Bits (1 or 2)
NOTE:
7N1, 8E2 and 8O2 are not supported.
5. Verify proper operation by observing the LED display
(DCE)
TRANSCEIVER
abc
• Refer to Table 4 on Page 19 for a description of the status LEDs.
• Refine directional antenna headings for maximum received signal strength
using the
RSSI
command. (Remotes must be synchronized with the master.)
CONTENTS
1.0 ABOUT THIS MANUAL..........................................................1
2.0 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION....................................................1
2.1 Transceiver Features .......................................................1
2.2 Model Configuration Codes ............................................2
2.3 Spread Spectrum Radios—How Are They Different? .....3
2.4 Typical Applications .........................................................3
Multiple Address Systems (MAS)....................................3
Point-to-Point System ......................................................4
Adding a Tail-End Link to an Existing Network ................4
Extending a TransNET Network with a Repeater.............5
2.5 Accessories ....................................................................5
3.0 INSTALLATION PLANNING...................................................6
3.1 General Requirements ....................................................6
3.2 Site Selection ..................................................................7
Terrain and Signal Strength .............................................7
Conducting a Site Survey................................................8
3.3 A Word About Radio Interference ...................................9
3.4 Antenna & Feedline Selection .........................................10
Antennas..........................................................................10
Feedlines.........................................................................11
3.5 How Much Output Power Can be Used? ........................12
4.0 INSTALLATION ......................................................................13
4.1 Transceiver Installation ....................................................13
4.2 Configuring Multiple Remote Units .................................17
4.3 Tail-End Links ..................................................................17
4.4 Configuring a Network for Extensions .............................18
4.5 Using the Radio’s Sleep Mode (Remotes Only) ..............18
Sleep Mode Example.......................................................18
5.0 OPERATION ..........................................................................19
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide i
5.1 Initial Start-up .................................................................19
5.2 Performance Optimization ..............................................19
Antenna Aiming...............................................................20
Antenna SWR Check......................................................20
Data Buffer Setting..........................................................20
Hoptime Setting...............................................................20
Operation at 115200 bps.................................................20
Baud Rate Setting........................................................... 21
Radio Interference Checks..............................................21
6.0 RADIO PROGRAMMING......................................................21
6.1 Radio Programming Methods .........................................21
Terminal Interface............................................................21
PC-Based Configuration Tool..........................................21
6.2 User Commands ............................................................22
Entering Commands .......................................................22
6.3 Detailed Command Descriptions ....................................27
ADDR [1–65000]............................................................. 27
AMASK [0000 0000–FFFF FFFF]................................... 28
ASENSE [HI/LO].............................................................28
BAUD [xxxxx abc]............................................................28
BUFF [ON, OFF].............................................................28
CODE [NONE, 1…255]...................................................29
CTS [0–255].................................................................... 29
CTSHOLD [0–60000]...................................................... 30
DEVICE [DCE, CTS KEY]..............................................30
DLINK [xxxxx/ON/OFF]................................................... 30
DKEY ..............................................................................31
DTYPE [NODE/ROOT]....................................................31
FEC [ON, OFF] ...............................................................31
HOPTIME [7, 28].............................................................31
INIT .................................................................................31
HREV..............................................................................32
KEY................................................................................. 32
MODE [M, R, X] ..............................................................32
OWM [xxxxx]................................................................... 32
OWN [xxxxx]....................................................................32
PORT [RS232, RS485]...................................................32
PWR [20–30]...................................................................34
ii MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B
REPEAT [0–10]................................................................34
RETRY [0–10]..................................................................34
RSSI ................................................................................34
RTU [ON, OFF, 0-80].......................................................35
RX [xxxx]..........................................................................35
RXTOT [NONE, 0–1440] .................................................35
SAF [ON, OFF]................................................................35
SETUP.............................................................................35
SER .................................................................................36
SHOW PWR....................................................................36
SHOW SYNC...................................................................36
SKIP [NONE, 1...8]..........................................................36
SLEEP [ON, OFF]............................................................37
SREV...............................................................................37
STAT ................................................................................37
TEMP...............................................................................37
TX [xxxx]..........................................................................37
UNIT [10000–65000] .......................................................37
XADDR [0–31].................................................................38
XMAP [00000000-FFFFFFFF].........................................38
XPRI [0–31] .....................................................................38
XRSSI [NONE, –40...–120]..............................................38
ZONE CLEAR..................................................................38
ZONE DATA .....................................................................38
7.0 TROUBLESHOOTING...........................................................39
7.1 LED Indicators ................................................................40
7.2 Alarm Codes ...................................................................40
Checking for Alarms—STAT command............................40
Major Alarms vs. Minor Alarms........................................40
Alarm Code Definitions....................................................41
7.3 Troubleshooting Chart .....................................................42
7.4 Performing Network-Wide Remote Diagnostics ..............43
7.5 Internal Fuse Replacement .............................................44
8.0 RADIO FIRMWARE UPGRADES..........................................45
8.1 Obtaining new firmware ..................................................45
Saving a Web-site firmware file to your PC......................45
8.2 Installing firmware in your radio ......................................45
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide iii
9.0 OPERATING PRINCIPLES AND CONFIGURATION............46
9.1 Synchronization—Basic Network ...................................46
9.2 Extension Operation with SAF .......................................46
Retransmission and ARQ operation................................48
Synchronizing Network Units..........................................48
9.3 Configuration Parameters for Store & Fwd Services ...... 49
9.4 Security ..........................................................................51
10.0 TECHNICAL REFERENCE.................................................53
10.1 Product Specifications ..................................................53
10.2 Diagnostic Interface Connections (RJ-11) ....................54
10.3 Data Interface Connections (DB-9F) ............................ 54
Pin Descriptions—RS/EIA-232 Mode..............................55
Pin Descriptions—RS/EIA-422/485 Mode.......................56
10.4 dBm-Watts-Volts Conversion Chart .............................. 57
Copyright Notice
This Installation and Operation Guide and all software described herein are Copyright 2002 by
Microwave Data Systems Inc. All rights reserved. Microwave Data Systems Inc. reserves its
right to correct any errors and omissions in this manual.
MDS Quality Policy Statement
We, the employees of Microwave Data Systems, are committed to
understanding and exceeding our customer’s needs and expectations.
• We appreciate our customers’ patronage. They are our business.
• We promise to serve them and anticipate their needs.
• We are committed to providing solutions that are cost effective,
innovative and reliable, with consistently high levels of quality.
We are committed to the continuous improvement of all of our systems and
processes, to improve product quality and increase customer satisfaction.
RF Exposure Notice
RF EXPOSURE
ISO 9001 Registration
Microwave Data Systems adheres to the internationally-accepted ISO 9001 quality system standard.
Professional installation required. The radio equipment described in this guide emits radio frequency energy. Although the power level is low, the concentrated energy from a directional
antenna may pose a health hazard. Do not allow people to come closer than 23 cm (9 inches) to
the antenna when the transmitter is operating in indoor or outdoor environments. More information
on RF exposure is available on the Internet at www.fcc.gov/oet/info/documents/bulletins.
iv MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B
UL/CSA Notice
This product is available for use in Class I, Division 2, Groups A, B, C & D Hazardous Locations. Such locations are defined in Article 500 of the National Fire Protection Association
(NFPA) publication
The transceiver has been recognized for use in these hazardous locations by two independent
agencies —Underwriters Laboratories (UL) and the Canadian Standards Association (CSA). The
UL certification for the transceiver is as a Recognized Component for use in these hazardous
locations, in accordance with UL Standard 1604. The CSA Certification is in accordance with
CSA STD C22.2 No. 213-M1987.
UL/CSA Conditions of Approval: The transceiver is not acceptable as a stand-alone unit for use
in the hazardous locations described above. It must either be mounted within another piece of
equipment which is certified for hazardous locations, or installed within guidelines, or conditions
of approval, as set forth by the approving agencies. These conditions of approval are as follows:
1. The transceiver must be mounted within a separate enclosure which is suitable for the
intended application.
2. The antenna feedline, DC power cable and interface cable must be routed through conduit in
accordance with the National Electrical Code.
3. Installation, operation and maintenance of the transceiver should be in accordance with the
transceiver's installation manual, and the National Electrical Code.
4. Tampering or replacement with non-factory components may adv ersely affect the safe use of
the transceiver in hazardous locations, and may void the approval.
5. A power connector with screw-type retaining screws as supplied by MDS must be used.
When installed in a Class I, Div. 2, Groups A, B, C or D hazardous location, observe the following:
WARNING EXPLOSION HAZARD
has been switched off or the area is know to be non-hazardous.
Refer to Articles 500 through 502 of the National Electrical Code (NFPA 70) for further infor-
mation on hazardous locations and approved Division 2 wiring methods.
FCC Part 15 Notice
The MDS TransNET 900™ transceivers comply with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2)
this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. This device is specifically designed to be used under Section 15.247 of the FCC
Rules and Regulations. Any unauthorized modification or changes to this device without the
express approval of Microwave Data Systems may void the user’s authority to operate this
device. Furthermore, this device is intended to be used only when installed in accordance with
the instructions outlined in this manual. Failure to comply with these instructions may also void
the user’s authority to operate this device.
Manual Revision and Accuracy
While every reasonable effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of this manual, product
improvements may result in minor differences between the manual and the product shipped to
you. If you have additional questions or need an exact specification for a product, please contact
our Customer Service Team using the information at the back of this guide. In addition, manual
updates can often be found on the MDS Web site at
NFPA 70
, otherwise known as the National Electrical Code.
Do not disconnect equipment unless power
www.microwavedata.com
.
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide v
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1.0 ABOUT THIS MANUAL
This manual presents installation and operating instructions of the
MDS TransNET 900™ transceiver for use by a professional installer. This
person is expected to install, operate, and perform basic system maintenance
on the described radio. Following installation, we suggest keeping this
manual near the equipment for future reference.
2.0 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
The transceiver, shown in Figure 1, is a spread spectrum radio designed for
license-free operation in the 900 MHz frequency band. Employing Digital
Signal Processing (DSP) technology, it is highly reliable for long-distance
communications, even in the presence of weak signals or interference.
DSP technology also makes it possible to obtain information about radio
operation and troubleshoot problems, without going to the remote radio site.
Using appropriate software at the master station, diagnostic data can be
obtained on any DSP radio in the system, even while payload data is being
transmitted. (See “Performing Network-Wide Remote Diagnostics” on
Page 43.)
The MDS TransNET 900 is housed in a compact and rugged die-cast
enclosure that need only be protected from direct exposure to the weather. It
contains a single printed circuit board with all necessary components for
radio operation. No jumper settings or manual adjustments are required to
configure the radio for operation.
Figure 1.
MDS TransNET 900™
Transceiver
2.1 Transceiver Features
Listed below are several key features of the MDS TransNET 900 transceiver.
These are designed to ease the installation and configuration of the radio,
while retaining the ability to make changes in the future.
• 128 frequencies over 902–928 MHz, subdivided into eight frequency
zones
• Configurable operating zones to omit frequencies with constant
interference
• 65,000 available network addresses
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide 1
• Network-wide configuration from the master station; eliminates most
trips to remote sites
• Data transparency–ensures compatibility with virtually all
asynchronous SCADA system RTUs
• Peak-hold RSSI, averaged over eight hop cycles
• Operation at up to 115,200 bps continuous data flow
• Store-and-Forward repeater operation
• Data latency typically less than 10 ms
• Same hardware for master or remote configuration
• Supports RS/EIA-232 and RS/EIA-485 user interface
• Low current consumption—Less than 8 mA in “sleep” mode.
NOTE:
Some MDS TransNET 900 radio features may not be available on all radios,
based on the options purchased and the applicable regulatory constraints for
the region in which the radio will operate.
2.2 Model Configuration Codes
The model number code is printed on the radio enclosure, and provides key
information about how the radio was configured when it left the factory. See
Figure 2 for an explanation of the model number characters. (Note: This
information is subject to change and should not be used for product ordering.)
OPERATION
(X) Remote/Master
BAND
(9) 900 MHz
EL805
ENCLOSURE
(1) With Enclosure
AGENCY
(N) None
(F) FCC/IC
19N
ANX
OPTIONS
(A) None
Figure 2. MDS TransNET 900 transceiver model configuration codes
MTG. BRACKETS
(A) Standard
(B) None
N
SAFETY CERT.
(N) N/A
(F) UL/CSA
OPTION
(N) None
SPARE
(N) None
DIAGNOSTICS
(N) None
(W) Network-wide
2 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B
2.3 Spread Spectrum Radios— How Are They Different?
The main difference between a traditional (licensed) radio and the
MDS TransNET 900 transceiver is that this unit “hops” from channel to
channel many times per second using a specific hop pattern applied to all
radios in the network. A distinct hopping pattern is provided for each of the
65,000 available network addresses, thereby minimizing the chance of
interference with other spread spectrum systems. In the USA, and certain
other countries, no license is required to install and operate this type of radio
system, provided that RF power and antenna gain restrictions are observed.
2.4 Typical Applications
Multiple Address Systems (MAS)
This is the most common application of the MDS TransNET 900 transceiver.
It consists of a central control station (master) and two or more associated
remote units, as shown in Figure 3. An MAS network provides
communications between a central host computer and remote terminal units
(RTUs) or other data collection devices. The operation of the radio system is
transparent to the computer equipment. When used in this application, the
transceiver provides an excellent alternative to traditional (licensed) MAS
radio systems.
Invisible place holder
MDS TransNET
Remote
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RTU
MDS TransNET
Remote
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RTU
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MDS TransNET
Master
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MDS TransNET
Remote
RTU
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RTU
MDS TransNET
Remote
Host System
Figure 3. Typical MAS network
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide 3
Point-to-Point System
A point-to-point configuration (Figure 4) is a simple arrangement consisting
of just two radios—a master and a remote. This provides a half-duplex
communications link for the transfer of data between two locations.
Invisible place holder
MDS TransNET
Master
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MDS TransNET
Remote
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Host System
Figure 4. Typical point-to-point link
Adding a Tail-End Link to an Existing Network
A tail-end link can be used to extend the range of a traditional (licensed) MAS
system. This might be required if an outlying site is blocked from the MAS
master station by a natural or man-made obstruction. In this arrangement, an
MDS TransNET 900 radio links the outlying remote site into the rest of a
licensed MAS system by sending data from that site to an associated
MDS TransNET 900 installed at one of the licensed remote sites. (See
Figure 5).
As the data from the outlying site is received at the licensed remote site, it is
transferred to the licensed radio (via a local cable connection) and is then
transmitted to the MAS master station in the usual manner. Additional details
for tail-end links are given in Section 4.3 (Page 17).
Invisible place holder
REPEATER STATION
Master Station
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MDS x710B
Series Radio
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Null-Modem Cable
MDS TransNET
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MDS TransNET
Remote
Radio
Remote
Radio
RTU
MAS SYSTEM (LICENSED OR UNLICENSED)
RTU
LICENSE-FREE SPREAD SPECTRUM SYSTEM
Remote
RTU
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OUTLYING
REMOTE SITE
Figure 5. Typical tail-end link arrangement
4 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B
Extending a TransNET Network with a Repeater
Similar to a Tail-End Link, Store-and-Forward (SAF) offers a way to
physically extend the range of a TransNET network, but in a simplified
economical manner. SAF operates by dividing a network into a vertical
hierarchy of two or more sub-networks. Extension radios (designated as
MODE X) serve as single-radio repeaters that link adjacent sub-networks,
and move data from one sub-network to the next one.
Invisible place holder
RTU
RTU
REPEATER STATION
MDS TransNET
Extension
MODE X
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Remote
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OUTLYING
RTU
REMOTE SITE
MDS TransNET
MDS TransNET
Remote
MODE R
Master
MODE M
MDS TransNET
Remote
MODE R
RTU
Figure 6. TransNET Repeater Network
2.5 Accessories
MDS TransNET 900 transceivers can be used with one or more of the
accessories listed in Table 1. Contact the factory for ordering details.
Table 1. Accessories
Accessory Description MDS Part No.
AC Power
Adapter
Small power supply module designed for continuous service. UL approved. Input: 120/220;
Consult factory
Output: 12 Vdc @ 500 mA (20 Watts)
Omnidirectional
Antennas
Yagi Antenna Rugged directional antennas suited for use at
Rugged antennas suited for use at Master
stations. Consult MDS for details.
Remote stations. Consult MDS for details.
Various
6.4 dB gain:
97-3194A13
10 dB gain:
97-3194A14
Bandpass Filter Antenna system filter to aid in eliminating inter-
20-2822A02
ference from paging system transmissions.
TNC-to-N
Adapter Cable
3 foot/1 meter length of coaxial cable used to
connect the radio’s TNC antenna connector to
97-1677A159
a Type-N style commonly used on large diameter coaxial cables.
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide 5
Table 1. Accessories
(Continued)
TNC-to-N
Adapter Cable
TNC-to-N RF
Adaptor Plug
RS/EIA-232
Cable
RJ-11 to DB-9
Adapter Cable
Flat-Surface
Mtg. Brackets
Mtg. Bracket
Screws
19˝ Rail Mtg.
Brackets
6 foot/1.8 meter length of coaxial cable used to
connect the radio’s TNC antenna connector to
a Type-N style commonly used on large diameter coaxial cables.
Adapts radio’s antenna connector to Type-N
style commonly used on large diameter coaxial cables.
Shielded data cable fitted with DB-9 male and
DB-9 female, 6 ft./1.8 meter.
For connecting a PC terminal to the transceiver via the radio’s DIAG(notics) connector.
Used for programming and diagnostics.
Brackets: 2” x 3” plates designed to be
screwed onto the bottom of the transceiver for
surface-mounting the radio.
Screws: 6-32/1/4˝ with locking adhesive.
(Industry Standard MS 51957-26)
Adaptor for mounting the radio in a standard
19-inch equipment rack.
97-1677A160
97-1677A161
97-1971A03
03-3246A01
82-1753-A01
70-2620-A01
Consult factory
3.0 INSTALLATION PLANNING
The installation of the radio is not difficult, but it does require some planning
to ensure station reliability and efficiency. This section provides tips for
selecting an appropriate site, choosing an antenna system, and reducing the
chance of harmful interference.
3.1 General Requirements
There are three main requirements for installing the radio—adequate and
stable primary power, a good antenna system, and the correct interface
between the transceiver and the data device.
Figure 7 shows a typical remote station arrangement. Master stations are
similar, but an omni-directional antenna is normally used instead of a
directional type, and a host computer replaces the data terminal equipment.
6 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B
Invisible place holder
DATA TERMINAL
EQUIPMENT
MDS TransNET 900s
POWER SUPPLY
13.8 VDC @ 500 mA
(6–30 Vdc)
Figure 7. Typical remote station arrangement
ANTENNA
SYSTEM
LOW-LOSS FEEDLINE
3.2 Site Selection
For a successful installation, careful thought must be given to selecting proper
sites for the master and remote stations. Suitable sites should provide the
following:
• Protection from direct weather exposure
• A source of adequate and stable primary power
• Suitable entrances for antenna, interface or other required cabling
• Antenna location that provides an unobstructed transmission path in the
direction of the associated station(s)
These requirements can be quickly determined in most cases. A possible
exception is the last item—verifying that an unobstructed transmission path
exists. Radio signals travel primarily by line-of-sight, and obstructions
between the sending and receiving stations will affect system performance. If
you are not familiar with the effects of terrain and other obstructions on radio
transmission, the discussion below will provide helpful background.
Terrain and Signal Strength
While the 900 MHz band offers many advantages over VHF and lower UHF
frequencies for data transmission, it is also more prone to signal attenuation
from obstructions such as terrain, foliage or buildings in the transmission
path.
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide 7
A line-of-sight transmission path between the master station and its
associated remote site(s) is highly desirable and provides the most reliable
communications link. A line-of-sight path can often be achieved by mounting
the station antenna on a tower or other elevated structure that raises it to a
level sufficient to clear surrounding terrain and other obstructions.
The importance of a clear transmission path relates closely to the distance to
be covered by the system. If the system is to cover only a limited geographic
area, say up to 3 miles (4.8 km), then some obstructions in the
communications path can usually be tolerated with minimal impact. For
longer range systems, any substantial obstruction in the communications path
could compromise the performance of the system, or block communications
entirely.
Much depends on the minimum signal strength that can be tolerated in a given
system. Although the exact figure will differ from one system to another, a
Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) of –85 dBm or stronger will
provide acceptable performance in many cases. While the equipment will
work at lower signal strengths, this provides a “fade margin” to account for
variations in signal strength which may occur from time-to-time.
Conducting a Site Survey
If you are in doubt about the suitability of the radio sites in your system, it is
best to evaluate them before a permanent installation is begun. This can be
done with an on-the-air test (preferred method); or indirectly, using
path-study software.
An on-the-air test is preferred because it allows you to see firsthand the
factors involved at an installation site and to directly observe the quality of
system operation. Even if a computer path study was conducted earlier, this
test should be done to verify the predicted results.
The test can be performed by first installing a radio and antenna at the
proposed master station site and then visiting each remote site with a
transceiver and a hand-held antenna.
With the hand-held antenna positioned near the proposed mounting spot, a
technician can check for synchronization with the master station (shown by a
lamp on the front panel) and measure the reported RSSI value. If
SYNC
lit
adequate signal strength cannot be obtained, it may be necessary to mount the
station antennas higher, use higher gain antennas, or select a different site. To
prepare the equipment for an on-the-air test, follow the general installation
procedures given in this guide and become familiar with the operating
instructions given in Section 5.0, beginning on Page 19.
If time is short, and a site survey is impractical, a computer path study is a
good alternative. Factors such as terrain, distance, transmitter power, receiver
sensitivity, and other conditions are taken into account to predict the
performance of a proposed system. Contact MDS for more information on
path study services.
8 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B
3.3 A Word About Radio Interference
The MDS TransNET shares the frequency spectrum with other services and
other Part 15 (unlicensed) devices in the USA. As such, near 100% error free
communications may not be achieved in a given location, and some level of
interference should be expected. However, the radio’s flexible design and
hopping techniques should allow adequate performance as long as care is
taken in choosing station location, configuration of radio parameters and
software/protocol techniques.
In general, keep the following points in mind when setting up your
communications network:
1. Systems installed in rural areas are least likely to encounter interference;
those in suburban and urban environments are more likely to be affected
by other devices operating in the license-free frequency band and by
adjacent licensed services.
2. If possible, use a directional antenna at remote sites. Although these
antennas may be more costly than omnidirectional types, they confine the
transmission and reception pattern to a comparatively narrow lobe, which
minimizes interference to (and from) stations located outside the pattern.
3. If interference is suspected from a nearby licensed system (such as a
paging transmitter), it may be helpful to use horizontal polarization of all
antennas in the network. Because most other services use vertical
polarization in this band, an additional 20 dB of attenuation to
interference can be achieved by using horizontal polarization.
4. Multiple MDS TransNET 900 systems can co-exist in proximity to each
other with only very minor interference as long as they are each assigned
a unique network address. Each network address has a different hop
pattern.
5. If constant interference is present in a particular frequency zone, it may
be necessary to “lock out” that zone from the radio’s hopping pattern.
The radio includes built-in tools to help users remove blocked frequency
zones. Refer to the discussion of the
information. In the USA, a maximum of four zones may be skipped, per
FCC rules. Check the regulatory requirements for your region.
6. Interference can also come from out-of-band RF sources such as paging
systems. Installation of a bandpass filter in the antenna system may bring
relief. (Recommended: MDS P/N 20-2822A02)
7. Proper use of the
RETRY
and
REPEAT
with heavy interference.
SKIP
command (Page 36) for more
commands may be helpful in areas
The
command sets the maximum number of times (1 to 10) that a
RETRY
radio will re-transmit upstream data over the air. Values greater than 1
successively improve the chances of a message getting through when
interference is a problem.
The
REPEAT
command sets a fixed number of unconditional
retransmissions for downstream data.
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide 9
8. The RF power output of all radios in a system should be set for the lowest
level necessary for reliable communications. This lessens the chance of
causing unnecessary interference to nearby systems.
3.4 Antenna & Feedline Selection
Antennas
The equipment can be used with a number of antennas. The exact style used
depends on the physical size and layout of a system. Contact your MDS
representative for specific recommendations on antenna types and hardware
sources.
In general, an omnidirectional antenna (Figure 8 and Figure 9) is used at the
master station site in an MAS system. This provides equal coverage to all of
the remote sites.
NOTE:
Antenna polarization is important. If the wrong polarization is used, a signal reduction of 20 dB or more will result. Most systems using a gain-type omnidirectional antenna at the master station employ vertical polarization of the signal;
therefore, the remote antenna(s) must also be vertically polarized (elements
oriented perpendicular to the horizon).
When required, horizontally polarized omnidirectional antennas are also available. Contact your MDS representative for details.
Figure 8.
Omnidirectional antenna
(mounted to mast)
At remote sites and point-to-point systems, a directional Yagi antenna
(Figure 9), is generally recommended to minimize interference to and from
other users. Antennas are available from a number of manufacturers.
10 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev . B
Invisible place holder
Figure 9. Typical Yagi antenna (mounted to mast)
Feedlines
The choice of feedline used with the antenna should be carefully considered.
Poor-quality coaxial cables should be avoided, as they will degrade system
performance for both transmission and reception. The cable should be kept as
short as possible to minimize signal loss.
For cable runs of less than 20 feet (6 meters), or for short range transmission,
an inexpensive type such as Type RG-8A/U may be acceptable. Otherwise,
we recommend using a low-loss cable type suited for 900 MHz, such as
Times Microwave LMR 400® or Andrew Heliax®.
Table 2 lists several types of feedlines and indicates the signal losses (in dB)
that result when using various lengths of each cable at 900 MHz. The choice
of cable will depend on the required length, cost considerations, and the
amount of signal loss that can be tolerated.
Table 2. Length vs. loss in coaxial cables at 900 MHz
Cable Type
LMR 400 0.39 dB 1.95 dB 3.9 dB 11.7 dB
1/2 inch
HELIAX
7/8 inch
HELIAX
1 1/4 inch
HELIAX
1 5/8 inch
HELIAX
10 Feet
(3.05 Meters)
0.23 dB 1.15 dB 2.29 dB 6.87 dB
0.13 dB 0.64 dB 1.28 dB 3.84 dB
0.10 dB 0.48 dB 0.95 dB 2.85 dB
0.08 dB 0.40 dB 0.80 dB 2.4 dB
50 Feet
(15.24 Meters)
100 Feet
(30.48 Meters)
300 Feet
(91.44 Meters)
(not recommended)
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide 11
3.5 How Much Output Power Can be Used?
The transceiver is normally supplied from the factory set for a nominal
+30 dBm (1 Watt) RF power output setting; this is the maximum transmitter
output power allowed under FCC rules. The power must be decreased from
this level if the antenna system gain exceeds 6 dBi. The allowable level is
dependent on the antenna gain, feedline loss, and the transmitter output power
setting. Power considerations for the MDS TransNET 900 are discussed
below.
NOTE:
In some countries, the maximum allowable RF output may be
limited to less than 1 watt (e.g., 100 mW / +20 dBm). Be sure to
check for and comply with the requirements for your area.
To determine the maximum allowable power setting of the radio, perform the
following steps:
1. Determine the antenna system gain by subtracting the feedline loss (in
dB) from the antenna gain (in dBi). For example, if the antenna gain is
9.5 dBi, and the feedline loss is 1.5 dB, the antenna system gain would be
8 dB. (If the antenna system gain is 6 dB or less, no power adjustment is
required.)
2. Subtract the antenna system gain from 36 dBm (the maximum allowable
EIRP). The result indicates the maximum transmitter power (in dBm)
allowed under the rules. In the example above, this is 28 dBm.
3. If the maximum transmitter power allowed in your region is less than 30
dBm, use the
accordingly.
For convenience, Table 3 lists several antenna system gains and shows the
maximum allowable power setting of the radio. Note that a gain of 6 dB or
less entitles you to operate the radio at full power output—30 dBm (1 watt).
Table 3. Antenna system gain vs. power output setting (USA)
minus Feedline Loss in dB†)
* Most antenna manufacturers rate antenna gain in dBd in their literature. To
† Feedline loss varies by cable type and length. To determine the loss for
PWR
command (described on Page 34) to set the power
Antenna System Gain
(Antenna Gain in dBi*
6 (or less) 30 36
82836
10 26 36
12 24 36
14 22 36
16 20 36
convert to dBi, add 2.15 dB.
common lengths of feedline, see Table 2 on Page 11.
Maximum Power
Setting
(in dBm)
EIRP
(in dBm)
12 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev . B
4.0 INSTALLATION
Figure 10 shows a typical transceiver shipment. Check the contents against
the packing list secured to the outside of the shipping box. Accessories and
spare parts kits, if any, are wrapped separately. Inspect all items for signs of
damage and save all packing materials for possible re-shipment.
Invisible place holder
M
D
S
X
x
x
x
MOUNTING
BRACKETS
INSTALLATION &
OPERATION GUIDE,
AND SOFTWARE
2-PIN
POWER PLUG
SPARE FUSE
Figure 10. Typical Transceiver Shipment
Items ar not shown at the same scale.
User documentation will be provided as a paper manual and/or as a PDF on
the “MDS TransNET 900™ Support Package CD” (P/N 03-2708A01). The
CD includes:
• Installation & Operation Guide in PDF (a.k.a. Adobe Acrobat™)
• TransNET Configuration Software
If a paper copy is required but not provided with your shipment, please
consult MDS.
(CD AND/OR MANUAL)
4.1 Transceiver Installation
The following is an overview of a typical procedure for installing the
transceiver. In most cases, these steps alone will be sufficient to complete the
installation. Should further information be required, contact the factory using
the information given on the inside back cover of this manual.
If you are installing a tail-end link system, you should also review Section 4.3
(Page 17) for important details on configuration.
NOTE:
1. Mount the transceiver to a stable surface using the brackets supplied with
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide 13
It is recommended that the master station be installed first. In this way, it will be
possible to quickly check the operation of each associated remote station as it
is placed on the air.
the radio. (Fasteners/anchors are not supplied.) Figure 11 shows the
dimensions of the transceiver case and its mounting brackets. If possible,
choose a mounting location that provides easy access to the connectors
on the end of the radio and an unobstructed view of the LED status
indicators.
Invisible place holder
2.75
(7.0 cm)
6.63
(16.64 cm)
1.62
(4.15 cm)
Figure 11. Transceiver mounting dimensions
Figure 12 shows the four connectors on the MDS TransNET 900 and their
functions.
Invisible place holder
Antenna Primary PowerData
Diagnostic
(Communications)
(Payload)
(6–30 Vdc)
Figure 12. Interface Connector Functions
2. Install the antenna and antenna feedline for the station. Antennas should
be mounted in the clear and in accordance with the manufacturer’s
instructions. Additional information on antennas and feedlines is
contained in Section 3.4 on Page 10.
NOTE:
3. Connect the data equipment to the transceiver’s
Strong fields near the antenna can interfere with the operation of the low level
RTU circuits and change the reported values of the data being monitored. For
this reason, the antenna should be mounted at least 10 feet (>3 meters) from
the radio, RTU, sensors and other components of the system.
DATA
connector. Use
only the required pins for the application.
14 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev . B
Typical RS/EIA-232 applications require the use of Pin 2 (receive
data—RXD and Pin 3 (transmit data—TXD). Some systems may require the
use of Pin 7 (Request-to-send—RTS). Figure 13 and Figure 14 show a
detailed views of the
DATA
connector for EIA/RS-232 and EIA/RS-485,
respectively.
If hardware flow control is desired, Pin 7 (RTS) and Pin 8 (CTS) may also be
connected. A more detailed discussion of pin functions is provided in see
“Data Interface Connections (DB-9F)” on page 54.
Invisible place holder
Pin Function
1
5
96
1.....Data Carrier Detect (DCD)
2.....Receive Data (RXD)
3.....Transmit Data (TXD)
4.....Sleep (GND = Sleep)
5.....Signal Ground (GND)
6.....Alarm Output (+5/-5 Vdc)
7.....Ready-to-Send (RTS)
8.....Clear-to-Send (CTS)
9.....Reserved for Special Uses (Do not connect)
Figure 13. DATA Connector Pin Functions, EIA/RS-232 Mode
NOTE:
The data cabling between the transceiver and the connected device should be
kept as short as possible. For EIA/RS-232 operation, the maximum recommended cable length is 50 feet/15 meters.
As viewed from outside the radio
Invisible place holder
Pin Function
1
5
96
Figure 14. DATA Connector Pin Functions, EIA/RS-485 Mode
4. Measure and install the primary power for the transceiver. It must be
within 6-30 Vdc and be capable of providing 7.5 watts over this voltage
range. (Typical current draw is 510 mA @13.8 Vdc; 1.25A @6 Vdc.) A
power connector with screw-terminals is provided with each unit. Strip
the wire leads to 0.25"/6 mm. Be sure to observe proper polarity. The left
pin is the positive input; the right is negative. (See Figure 15.)
CAUTION
POSSIBLE
EQUIPMENT
DAMAGE
1.....Not Used (Open)
2.....TXD + (Transmit Data +), Non-inverting driver output
3.....RXD + (Receive Data +), Non-inverted receiver input
4.....Sleep (GND = Sleep)
5.....Signal Ground (GND)
6.....Not Used (Open)
7.....RXD – (Receive Data –), Inverting receiver input
8.....TXD – (Transmit Data –), Inverted driver output
9.....Reserved for Special Uses (Do not connect)
As viewed from outside the radio
The radio must be used only with negative-ground systems. Make sure the polarity of the power source is correct. The unit is protected from reverse polarity by an
internal diode and fuse.
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide 15
Lead
Binding
Screws (2)
Invisible place holder
Wire Ports (2)
Figure 15. Power Connector
(Polarity: Left +, Right –)
CAUTION
POSSIBLE
EQUIPMENT
DAMAGE
The power connector used with the TransNET series is
similar to that used by other MDS products, such as the
MDS 9810 and MDS x710 family. The connectors are
not equal and the use of the other style connector may
provide unreliable connections and a spark may be created.
Only the power connector , sho w in Figure 15 with scre w
terminals and two retainer screws should be used with
the MDS TransNET 900.
5. Set the radio’s basic configuration with a PC terminal connected to the
DIAG
(nostics) connector via an RJ-11 to DB-9 adapter cable, MDS
P/N 03-3246A01. (A cable of this type may be constructed using the
information shown in Figure 20 on Page 54.) For more information on
connecting a PC terminal and preparing it for use, refer to Section 6.1 on
Page 21.
The three essential settings for the TransNET Transceiver are as follows:
Mode—Master, Remote, or Extension
Network Address—a unique number from 1–65000
Data Interface Parameters—bps, data bits, parity, stop bits
a. Set the Mode using the MODE M (Master), MODE R (Remote), or
MODE X (Extension) command. (Note: There can be only one master
radio in a system.)
If any MODE X radios are used in the network, SAF must be turned
on at the Master station. The MODE X radio must be programmed
with an Extended Address (XADDR). Units that need to hear the
MODE X radio must be programmed with an appropriate XPRI and/or
XMAP value. (See “Simple Extended SAF Network” on page 47 for
more information.)
b. Set a unique Network Address (1–65000) using ADDR command.
Each radio in the system must have the same network address. Tip:
Use the last four digits of the master’s serial number to help avoid
conflicts with other users.
16 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev . B
c. Set the baud rate/data interface parameters. Default setting is 9600
bps, 8 data bits, no parity, 1 stop bit. If changes are required, use the
BAUD xxxxx abc command where xxxxx equals the data speed
(1200–115200 bps) and abc equals the communication parameters
as follows:
a = Data bits (7 or 8)
b = Parity (N for None, O for Odd, E for Even
c = Stop bits (1 or 2)
NOTE:
7N1, 8E2 and 8O2 are invalid interface parameters.
4.2 Configuring Multiple Remote Units
In most installations, the Remote radios will be programmed with virtually
the same set of parameters. This process can be streamlined by testing key
pieces of equipment—such as the Master, any Extensions, and a typical
Remote—on a benchtop setup prior to installation. This allows you to test
various configurations in a controlled environment. Once the evaluation
network is working satisfactorily, you can save the configuration of each unit
in a data file on your PC’s hard drive through the use of the MDS TransNET
Configuration Software.
Most often, there are many Remote units that will need configuring. Using the
MDS TransNET Configuration Software, you can save the sample unit’s
configuration, then open the configuration file with the program and install it
in the next Remote. The software will prevent you from overwriting unit or
mode-unique parameters.
4.3 Tail-End Links
A tail-end link is established by connecting an MDS TransNET 900 radio
“back-to-back” with another radio such as a licensed MDS x710B Series
transceiver. This can be used to link an outlying remote site into the rest of an
MAS network. (Figure 5 on Page 4 shows a diagram of a typical tail-end link
system.) The wiring connections between the two radios in a tail-end link
system should be made as shown in Figure 16.
DCE
DB-25
3
RXD
TXD
2
GND
7
RTS
4
MDS x710B Series
Remote T ransceiver
(or device requiring keyline)
Figure 16. Data interface cable wiring for tail-end links
If required.
DCE
DB-9
3
2
5
8
TXD
RXD
GND
CTS
MDS T ransNET 900
Remote T ransceiver
(DEVICE CTS KEY)
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide 17
4.4 Configuring a Network for Extensions
The installation and configuration of an MDS TransNET 900 network with
Extensions is straight-forward with only a few unique parameters that need to
be considered and set at each unit.
In every network there can be only one Master station. It will serve as the sole
gateway to the outside world. The tables in “Configuration Parameters for
Store-and Forward Services” on Page 49 detail the parameters that will need
to be set on each type of radio in the network. For a detailed description of
this network design, please see “Extension Operation with SAF” on page 46.
4.5 Using the Radio’s Sleep Mode (Remotes Only)
In some installations, such as at solar-powered sites, it may be necessary to
keep the transceiver’s power consumption to an absolute minimum. This can
be accomplished using the radio’s Sleep Mode feature. In this mode, power
consumption is reduced to about 8 mA.
Sleep Mode can be enabled under RTU control by asserting a ground (or
EIA/RS-232 low) on Pin 4 of the radio’s
Sleep Mode until the low is removed, and all normal functions are suspended.
The radio can be “awakened” by your RTU every minute or so to verify
synchronization with the master station. When Pin 4 is opened (or an
EIA/RS-232 high is asserted), the radio will be ready to receive data within
75 milliseconds.
DATA connector. The radio stays in
NOTE: The SLEEP function must be set to ON; otherwise a ground on Pin 4 will be
ignored.
It is important to note that power consumption will increase somewhat as
communication from the master station degrades. This is because the radio
will spend a greater period of time “awake” looking for synchronization
messages from the master radio.
In order for the radio to be controlled by Pin 4, the unit’s sleep mode must be
enabled through the SLEEP [ON, OFF] command. See “SLEEP [ON, OFF]”
on Page 37 for more information.
Sleep Mode Example
The following example describes Sleep Mode implementation in a typical
system. Using this information, you should be able to configure a system that
meets your own particular needs.
Suppose you need communications to each remote site only once per hour.
Program the RTU to raise an EIA/RS-232 line once each hour (DTR for
example) and wait for a poll and response before lowering it again. Connect
this line to Pin 4 of the radio’s DATA connector. This will allow each RTU to
be polled once per hour, with a significant savings in power consumption.
18 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev . B
5.0 OPERATION
5.1 Initial Start-up
In-service operation of the transceiver is completely automatic. Once the unit
has been properly installed and configured, operator actions are limited to
observing the LED status indicators for proper operation.
If all parameters are correctly set, operation of the radio can be started by
following these steps:
1. Apply primary power to the radio.
2. Observe the transceiver LED status panel for proper indications. Table 4
provides an explanation of the LED functions.
In a normally operating system, the following indications will be seen
within 16 seconds of start-up:
• PWR lamp lit continuously
• SYNC lamp lit continuously
• Remote radio(s) transmitting data (TXD) and receiving data (RXD) with
master station.
Table 4. LED indicator descriptions
PWR SYNC TXD RXD
Name Description
PWR
SYNC Continuous—Radio is receiving/sending synchronization frames
TXD Transmit data activity on the DB-9 DATA interface connector
RXD Receive data activity on the DB-9 DATA interface connector
• Continuous—Power is applied to the radio; no problems detected
• Flashing (5 times-per-second)—Fault indication.
See “TROUBLESHOOTING” on Page 39
• Off—Radio is unpowered or in Sleep mode
On within 10 seconds of power-up under normal conditions
5.2 Performance Optimization
After the basic operation of the radio has been checked, you may wish to
optimize its performance using some of the suggestions given here. The
effectiveness of these techniques will vary with the design of your system and
the format of the data being sent.
Complete instructions for using the commands referenced in this manual are
provided in “RADIO PROGRAMMING” on Page 21.
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide 19
Antenna Aiming
For optimum performance of directional antennas, they must be accurately
aimed in the direction of desired transmission. The easiest way to do this is to
point the antenna in the approximate direction, then use the remote radio’s
RSSI command (Received Signal Strength Indicator) to further refine the
heading for maximum received signal strength.
In an MAS system, RSSI readings are only meaningful when initiated from a
remote station. This is because the master station typically receives signals
from several remote sites, and the RSSI would be continually changing as the
master receives from each remote in turn.
Antenna SWR Check
It is necessary to briefly key the transmitter for this check by placing the radio
in the SETUP mode (Page 35) and using the KEY command. (To unkey the
radio, enter DKEY; to disable the SETUP mode and return the radio to normal
operation, enter Q or QUIT.)
The SWR of the antenna system should be checked before the radio is put into
regular service. For accurate readings, a wattmeter suited for 1000 MHz is
required. One unit meeting this criteria is the Bird Model 43 directional
wattmeter with a 5J element installed.
The reflected power should be less than 10% of the forward power (≈2:1
SWR). Higher readings usually indicate problems with the antenna, feedline
or coaxial connectors.
Data Buffer Setting
The default setting for the data buffer is OFF. This allows the radio to operate
with the lowest possible latency and improves channel efficiency. MODBUS
and its derivatives are the only protocols that should require the buffer to be
turned on. See “BUFF [ON, OFF]” on page 28 for details.
Hoptime Setting
The default hop-time setting is 7 (7 ms). An alternate setting of 28 is used to
increase throughput, but at the cost of increased latency. A detailed
explanation of the HOPTIME command can be found on Page 31.
Operation at 115200 bps
Burst throughput at 115200 bps is supported at all settings. The radio will
always buffer at least 500 characters. Sustained throughput at 115200bps is
only possible when the data path is nearly error free and the operating settings
have been properly selected. For sustained operation at 115200 bps, use the
following settings: SAF OFF, FEC OFF, REPEAT 0, RETRY 0, HOPTIME 28.
20 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev . B
Baud Rate Setting
The default baud rate setting is 19200 bps to accommodate most systems. If
your system will use a different data rate, you should change the radio’s data
interface speed using the BAUD xxxxx abc command (Page 28). It should be
set to the highest speed that can be sent by the data equipment in the system.
(The transceiver supports 1200 to 115200 bps.)
Radio Interference Checks
The radio operates in eight frequency zones. If interference is found in one or
more of these zones, the SKIP command (Page 36) can be used to omit them
from the hop pattern. You should also review Section 3.3, A Word About
Radio Interference, when dealing with interference problems.
6.0 RADIO PROGRAMMING
There are no manual adjustments on the radios. Programming and control is
performed through a PC connected to the radio’s DIAG connector.
6.1 Radio Programming Methods
Terminal Interface
A PC may be used by operating it in a basic terminal mode (for example, a
HyperTerminal session) and entering the radio commands listed in tables
found in “User Commands” on Page 22. The PC must be connected to the
radio’s DIAG connector using an RJ-11 to DB-9 Adapter Cable (MDS Part
No. 03-3246A01). If desired, a cable of this type may be constructed using
the information shown in Figure 20 on Page 54.
Once connected, communication (baud rate) is established through the
command interface. To access the command interface, press the ESCAPE
key, followed by one or more ENTER keystrokes (delivered at about
half-second intervals), until the “>” prompt is displayed.
NOTE: The DIAG port (RJ-11 connector) uses 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, and no parity. It
can automatically configure itself to function at 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200,
38400, 57600, and 115200 bps.
If the DLINK setting is ON, the DIAG port will start out in Diagnostic Link mode.
This is a special protocol used to support Network-Wide Diagnostics. The process described in the paragraph above causes the radio to exit diagnostic link
mode and enter command mode. If there is no input in command mode for 5
minutes, the DIAG port will revert back to diagnostic link mode.
PC-Based Configuration Tool
The Windows™-based MDS TransNET Configuration Software
(P/N 06-4059A01) is designed for use with a PC connected to the radio’s
DIAG connector through an RJ-11 to DB-9 cable assembly (MDS Part No.
03-3246A01). A cable of this type may be constructed using the information
shown in Figure 20 on Page 54.
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide 21
The TransNET Configuration Software provides access all of the radio’s
capabilities with the benefit of context-sensitive help. The program is shipped
as part of the TransNET support CD included with every order (CD part
number 03-2708A02)
6.2 User Commands
A series of tables begin on the next page that provide reference charts of
various user commands for the transceiver. See “Detailed Command
Descriptions” on page 27 for more details.
Entering Commands
The proper procedure for entering commands is to type the command,
followed by an keystroke. For programming commands, the
command is followed by , the appropriate information or values, and
ENTER
then .
COMMAND DESCRIPTION
BUFF [ON, OFF]
Details, page 28
FEC [ON, OFF]
Details, page 31
HOPTIME [7, 28]
Details, page 31
REPEAT [0–10]
Details, page 34
RETRY [0–10]
Details, page 34
SAF [ON, OFF]
Details, page 35
SKIP [NONE, 1...8]
Details, page 36
ENTER
SPACE
Table 5. Network Configuration—Master Station
ON = Seamless data
OFF = Fast byte throughput.
Sets/disables FEC
(Forward Error Correction) setting.
Displays hop-time or sets it to 7 or 28 ms.
Sets/displays the fixed downstream re-send
count.
Sets/displays the maximum upstream re-send
count for ARQ (Automatic Repeat Request)
operation
Enables/disables the store-and-forward function for the network controlled by this Master
unit.
Skip one or more frequency zones
22 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev . B
Table 6. Network-Wide Diagnostics
Command Description
DLINK [xxxxx/ON/OFF]
Details, page 30
DTYPE [NODE/ROOT]
Details, page 31
Controls operation of diagnostic link function.
Set radio’s operational characteristics for network-wide diagnostics
Table 7. Operational Configuration—Set/Program
Command Description
ADDR [1–65000]
Details, page 27
AMASK [0000 0000–FFFF FFFF]
Details, page 28
ASENSE [HI/LO]
Details, page 28
BAUD [xxxxx abc]
Details, page 28
CODE [NONE, 1…255]
Details, page 29
CTS [0–255]
Details, page 29
CTSHOLD [0–60000]
Details, page 30
DEVICE [DCE, CTS KEY]
Details, page 30
MODE [M, R, X]
Details, page 32
OWM [xxxxx]
Details, page 32
OWN [xxxxx]
Details, page 32
PORT [RS232, RS485]
Details, page 32
PWR [20–30]
Details, page 34
Program network address
Alarm response.
Default: FFFF FFFF
Sense of the alarm output on Pin 6 of the
DATA interface connector in the EIA-232
mode.
Default: Alarm present = HI.
Data communication parameters
Select the security/encryption setting in the
radio.
CTS delay in milliseconds.
(A value of 0 returns CTS immediately)
“Hold time” that CTS is present following last
character from DATA port.
Device behavior:
DCE (normal) or CTS Key
Operating mode:
where M = Master, R = Remote
Owner’s message, or alternate message (30
characters maximum)
Owner’s name, or alternate message
(30 characters maximum)
Data port (DATA connector) interface signaling mode: RS232 or RS485
Forward power output in dBm.
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide 23
Table 7. Operational Configuration—Set/Program (Continued)
Command Description
RXTOT [NONE, 0–1440]
Details, page 35
RTU [ON, OFF, 0-80]
Details, page 35
SLEEP [ON, OFF]
Details, page 37
UNIT [10000–65000]
Details, page 37
XADDR [0–31]
Details, page 38
XPRI [0–31]
Details, page 38
XMAP [00000000-FFFFFFFF]
Details, page 38
XRSSI [NONE, –40...–120]
Details, page 38
ZONE CLEAR
Details, page 38
Maximum duration (in minutes) before
time-out alarm. Default is OFF.
Enable or Disable unit’s built-in RTU simula-
tor. Default is OFF. Set RTU address between
zero and 80.
Enable or Disable the radio’s Sleep mode
function.
Unit address used for network-wide diagnostics. (Unique within associated network.)
This unit’s Extended address
Typically, the Master is set to zero (0).
Address of the primary Extended radio unit
(Extension).
Included Extended units in MODE X. (Extensions and Remotes only).
Minimum RSSI level required to preserve synchronization with a non-primary radio.
(Only meaningful when XPRI is not NONE)
Reset zone data statistics
Table 8. Operating Status—Display Only
Command Description
ADDR
Details page 27
AMASK
Details page 28
ASENSE
Details page 28
BAUD
Details page 28
BUFF
Details page 28
CODE
Details page 29
Network address
Alarm mask (response)
Current sense of the alarm output.
Data communication parameters. Example:
BAUD 9600 8N1
Data buffering mode: ON = seamless data,
OFF = fast byte throughput
Security/encryption operational status.
“NONE” (Inactive), or “ACTIVE”
24 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev . B
Table 8. Operating Status—Display Only (Continued)
Command Description
CTS
Details page 29
CTSHOLD
Details page 30
DEVICE
Details page 30
HOPTIME
Details page 31
HREV
Details, page 32
MODE
Details page 32
OWM
Details page 32
OWN
Details page 32
PORT
Details page 32
PWR
Details page 34
REPEAT
Details page 34
RETRY
Details page 34
SAF
Details page 35
SKIP
Details page 36
RSSI
Details page 34
RXTOT
Details page 35
CTS delay in milliseconds (0–255 ms)
“Hold time” that CTS is present following last
character from DATA port.
Device behavior
Alternatives: DCE and CTS KEY
Hop-time value in milliseconds (ms).
Hardware revision level
Current operating mode:
M = Master
R = Remote
X = Extension (Repeater)
Owner’s message or site name
Owner’s name or system name
Current data port (DATA connector) interface
signaling mode: RS232 or RS485
Forward power-output setting in dBm
The fixed downstream re-send count.
The maximum upstream re-send count for
ARQ (Automatic Repeat Request) operation.
The store-and-forward function status.
Table of frequency zones programmed to be
skipped
Received signal strength indicator (dBm).
Unavailable at Master unless SETUP is
enabled.
The amount of time (in seconds) to wait before
issuing a time-out alarm.
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide 25
Table 8. Operating Status—Display Only (Continued)
Command Description
RTU
Details page 35
SAF
Details page 35
SER
Details page 36
SHOW PWR
Details page 36
SHOW SYNC
Details page 36
SKIP
Details page 36
SLEEP
Details page 37
SREV
Details page 37
STAT
Details page 37
TEMP
Details page 37
UNIT
Details page 37
XADDR
Details page 38
XPRI
Details page 38
XMAP
Details page 38
XRSSI
Details page 38
RTU simulator’s operational status (ON/OFF)
Store-and-forward mode status in this unit.
(ON/OFF)
Serial number of radio
RF output power. Measured RF power in dBm
Information on synchronization source and
depth
Frequency zones that are skipped
Radio’s Sleep Mode setting.
(At Remotes Only)
Transceiver firmware revision level
Current alarm status
Transceiver’s internal temperature (°C)
Programmed unit address for
network-wide diagnostics
This unit’s Extended address
Address of the primary Extended radio unit
(Extension).
Included Extended units in MODE X. (Extensions and Remotes only).
Minimum RSSI level required to preserve synchronization with a non-primary radio. (Only
meaningful when XPRI is not NONE)
26 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev . B
Table 9. Diagnostic and Test Functions
Command Description
KEY
Details, page 32
DKEY
Details, page 31
TX [xxxx]
Details, page 37
RX [xxxx]
Details, page 35
SETUP
Details, page 35
ZONE DATA
Details, page 38
ZONE CLEAR
Details, page 38
Enables the transmitter test.
(Radio must be in Setup mode.)
Turns off the transmitter test.
(Radio must be in Setup mode.)
Set/display transmit test frequency.
(Radio must be in Setup mode.)
Set/display receive test frequency.
(Radio must be in Setup mode.)
Enables Setup mode. Times out after 10 min-
utes. Press “Q” to quit.
Zone data statistics
Clears the Zone Data log
6.3 Detailed Command Descriptions
The essential commands for most applications are Network Address (ADDR),
Mode (MODE), and Baud Rate (BAUD). However, proper use of the additional
commands allows you to tailor the transceiver for a specific use, or to conduct
basic diagnostics on the radio. This section gives more detailed information
for the commands listed above in section 6.2.
Most of the commands below can be used in two ways. First, you can type
only the command name (for example, ADDR) to view the currently
programmed data. Second, you can set or change the existing data by typing
the command, followed by a space, and then the desired entry (for example,
ADDR 1234). In the list below, allowable programming variables, if any, are
shown in brackets [ ] following the command name.
ADDR [1–65000]
This command sets or displays the radio’s network address. The network
address can range from 1 to 65000.
A network address must be programmed at the time of installation and must
be common across each radio in a given network. Radios are typically
shipped with the network address unprogrammed, causing the address to
display as NONE. If the address is not set (or is set to a wrong value) it leaves
the system in an invalid state, preventing operation and generating an alarm.
NOTE: It is recommended that the last four digits of the master radio’s serial number
be used for the network address. This helps avoid conflicts with other TransNET 900 users.
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide 27
AMASK [0000 0000–FFFF FFFF]
This command sets the alarm bits that cause the alarm output signal to be
triggered. The PWR LED will still flash for all alarms, but the alarm output
signal will only be activated for those alarms that have the corresponding
mask bit set. The hex value for the mask aligns directly with the hex value for
the ALARM command. The default is FFFF FFFF. Through proper use of the
AMASK command, it is possible to tailor the alarm response of the radio.
Contact the factory for more information on configuring the alarm mask.
ASENSE [HI/LO]
This command is used to set the sense of the alarm output at Pin 6 of the DATA
connector. The default is HI which means an alarm is present when an RS-232
high is on Pin 6.
BAUD [xxxxx abc]
This command sets or displays the communication attributes for the normal
payload communications through the DATA port. The command has no effect
on the RJ-11 DIAG(NOSTICS) port.
The first parameter (xxxxx) is baud rate. Baud rate is specified in
bits-per-second and must be one of the following speeds: 1200, 2400, 4800,
9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, or 115200. At baud rates of 19200 bps or less,
the radio can support unlimited continuous data transmission at any hop rate.
The second parameter of the
BAUD command (abc) is a 3-character block
indicating how the data is encoded. The following is a breakdown of each
character’s meaning:
a = Data bits (7 or 8)
b = Parity (N for None, O for Odd, E for Even)
c = Stop bits (1 or 2)
The factory default setting is 9600 baud, 8 data bits, no parity, 1 stop bit
(Example: 19200 8N1).
NOTE: 7N1, 8O2, and 8E2 are invalid communication settings and are not supported
by the transceiver.
BUFF [ON, OFF]
This command sets or displays the received data handling mode of the radio.
The command parameter is either ON or OFF. (The default is OFF.) The
setting of this parameter affects the timing of received data sent out the DATA
connector. Data transmitted over the air by the radio is unaffected by the
BUFF setting.
If data buffering is set to OFF, the radio will operate with the lowest possible
average latency. Data bytes are sent out the DATA port as soon as an incoming
RF data frame is processed. Average and typical latency will both be below
10 ms, but idle character gaps may be introduced into the outgoing data flow.
28 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev . B
If data buffering is ON, the radio will operate in a seamless mode. That is, data
bytes will be sent over the air as quickly as possible, but the receiver will
buffer the data until the entire packet has been collected. The delay introduced
by data buffering is variable and depends on message size and the number of
retransmissions required, but the radio will not create any gaps in the output
data stream. This mode of operation is required for protocols such as
MODBUS™ that do not allow gaps in their data transmission.
Seamless mode (BUFF ON) is intended only for applications where the
message size is 256 characters or less. Enforcement of this rule is left up to
the user. If more than 256 characters are transmitted data delivery will not be
seamless and data may be lost.
Changes to the BUFF setting may only be made at the master radio. This is
because the master radio broadcasts the buffer setting for the entire network.
At remote radios, the buffer setting may be read when the radio is in
synchronization with the master, but it may not be changed.
CODE [NONE, 1…255]
The CODE command is used to select or display the security/encryption
setting in the radio.
The default is CODE NONE. Setting CODE to a value other than NONE
provides an extra level security beyond that provided by the Network Address
(ADDR). The disadvantage is increased complexity in managing the network.
The CODE command takes an argument 1…255, or “NONE”. Entering CODE
without an argument will display either “NONE” or “ACTIVE”. ACTIVE
means that security/encryption has been enabled, but the radio will not
display the security argument.
When a CODE value is active, all radios in the system must use the same code
value. If the code value is not properly programmed, a remote radio will not
synchronize with the master.
CAUTION: Record the CODE value and store it in a safe place. If the code is
later forgotten, and a unit is to be added to the system, all radios in the
network must be set to NONE and then reprogrammed to a new value.
CTS [0–255]
The CTS (clear-to-send) command sets or displays the timer value associated
with the CTS line response. The command parameter ranges from 0 to 255
milliseconds.
For DCE operation, the timer specifies how long to wait after the RTS line
goes high before asserting the CTS line. A timer value of zero means that the
CTS line will be asserted immediately following the assertion of RTS.
For CTS Key operation (see the DEVICE command), the timer specifies how
long to wait after asserting the CTS line before sending data out the DATA
port. A timer value of zero means that data will be sent out the data port
without imposing a key-up delay. (Other delays may be in effect from other
radio operating parameters.)
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide 29
CTSHOLD [0–60000]
Used in DEVICE CTS KEY mode, this command sets the amount of time in
milliseconds that CTS remains present following transmission of the last
character out the RXD pin of the DATA port. This “hold time” can be used to
prevent squelch tail data corruption when communicating with other radios.
The CTSHOLD setting can range from 0 to 60000 (i.e., 60 seconds). The
default value is 0, which means that CTS will drop immediately after the last
character is transmitted. If the command is entered when the radio is in
DEVICE DCE mode, the response CTSHOLD N/A will be displayed.
DEVICE [DCE, CTS KEY]
The DEVICE command sets or displays the device behavior of the radio. The
command parameter is either DCE or CTS KEY.
The default selection is DCE. In this mode, CTS will go high following RTS,
subject to the CTS programmable delay time. Keying is stimulated by the
input of characters at the data port. Hardware flow control is implemented by
dropping the CTS line if data arrives faster than it can be transmitted.
If CTS KEY is selected, the radio is assumed to be controlling another radio,
such as in a repeater or tail-end link system. The RTS line is ignored and the
CTS line is used as a keyline control for the other radio. CTS is asserted
immediately after the receipt of RF data, but data will not be sent out the DATA
port until after the CTS programmable delay time has expired. (This gives the
other radio time to key.)
Following transmission of the last byte of data, CTS will remain asserted for
the duration specified by the CTSHOLD command. CTSHOLD should be set
sufficiently high.
DLINK [xxxxx/ON/OFF]
DLINK ON enables use of Diagnostic Link mode and establishes it as the
default protocol on the RJ-11 DIAG port. Diagnostic Link mode is a special
protocol used to support Network-Wide Diagnostics. DLINK must be set to
ON to support connection to InSite or to support chained diagnostics between
radio networks. DLINK OFF disables this feature. The default setting is ON.
The following DLINK baud rates selections are allowed:
• 1200 • 4800 • 9600 • 19200 (default)
• 38400 • 57600 • 115200
Example: DLINK 4800 sets the RJ-11 DIAG port to operate at 4800 bps when
diagnostics is “closed”. This setting will not affect the port’s autobaud
operation. Use only of DLINK ON, will enable the use 19200 or the most
recently programmed value. The default is DLINK 19200 and DLINK ON.
NOTE: The same baud rate must be entered into the InSite Equipment List’s BAUD
30 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev . B
field.
NOTE: The DLINK rate must match the rate of any connected device to the diagnostic
port. This may be either another MDS radio’s diagnostic port, InSite computer,
or another data link device that eventually connects to the InSite computer.
DKEY
Disables the transmitter when it is keyed. See also KEY command.
DTYPE [NODE/ROOT]
The DTYPE command specifies the radio’s operational characteristics for
network-wide diagnostics. MDS TransNET 900 uses the following types:
• NODE–The most common setting, and the default. This is the basic
system radio device-type. Typically, the radio network is comprised of
nodes and one root. Intrusive diagnostics can originate from any node.
However, non-intrusive diagnostics can only be conducted from the
root node.
• ROOT–Always one, and only one, per network (including units
associated through Extension units.) The root is the focal point of
network-wide diagnostics information. Intrusive diagnostics can
originate from any radio, including the root. However, the root is the
only radio through which non-intrusive diagnostics can be conducted.
FEC [ON, OFF]
This command is used to view the FEC setting, or turn it on or off. The default
setting is FEC ON. (It needs to be turned off when throughputs exceed
57,600 bps.) FEC is set at the master and is automatically passed on to all of
the remotes in a network.
Setting FEC to ON improves sensitivity at the cost of reduced throughput.
Typical SCADA/telemetry applications use low data rates and, as such, the
FEC setting is normally transparent to them.
HOPTIME [7, 28]
The HOPTIME command is used to set or display the hop-time setting. The
command is a digit corresponding to the hop-time setting in milliseconds. The
default HOPTIME setting is 7. A setting of 28 must be used when throughputs
exceed 57,600 bps.
Changes to the HOPTIME setting may only be made at the master radio. (This
is because the Master radio establishes the hop-time setting for the entire
network.) At remote radios, the hop-time setting may be read when the radio
is in synchronization with the master, but it may not be changed.
INIT
The INIT command is used to reset the radio’s operating parameters to the
factory defaults listed in Table 10 on Page 33. This may be helpful when
trying to resolve configuration problems that resulted from the entry of one
or more improper command settings. If you are unsure of which command
setting caused the problem, this command allows you to get back to a known
working state.
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide 31
NOTE: Caution should be exercised when using the INIT command on radios in a sys-
tem employing the Store-and-Forward feature. Settings relating to the use of
Extension services will be lost and will need to be re-entered. Inventory and
record the settings for XADDR, XPRI and XMAP before using the INIT command.
SPECIAL NOTE: Installing firmware of Revision 2.0 or later into a radio with Revi-
sions 1.x firmware will preserve the radio’s compatibility with other radios running Revision 1.x firmware. If updating the radio’s
firmware is part of a system-wide upgrade, the last step should
be to use the INIT command at the Master station. Use of the
INIT command causes the changes shown in Table 10 on
Page 33 to be applied
HREV
Shows the Hardware revision of the radio.
KEY
Enables the transmitter. (Radio must be in Setup mode.) See also DKEY
command.
MODE [M, R, X]
The MODE command sets or displays the operating mode of the radio. A
master radio is set by MODE M; a remote set by MODE R, and an Extension is
set by MODE X.
All units default to remotes; other modes must be specifically programmed
with the MODE command.
If MODE X is used, the MODE X radio should be programmed with an
Extended Address (XADDR). Units that need to hear this MODE X radio must
be programmed with an appropriate XPRI and/or XMAP value.
OWM [xxxxx]
The OWM command sets or displays an optional owner’s message, such as the
system name. The entry can contain up to 30 characters.
OWN [xxxxx]
The OWN command sets or displays an optional owner’s name, such as the
site name. The entry can contain up to 30 characters.
PORT [RS232, RS485]
Select or identify the current data port (DATA connector) interface signaling
mode: RS232 or RS485. This is the port though which the payload data will
pass. Pin descriptions for EIA-232 are on Page 55 and EIA-485 can be found
on Page 56.
32 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev . B
Table 10. INIT Command Generated Defaults
Corresponding
Parameter Default Setting
For all radios
Device operation DCE DEVICE DCE
RF output power 30 dBm (1 watt) PWR 30
CTS delay 0
CTS hold-time 0 CTSHOLD 0
DATA Interface port • 9600 baud
Alarm Mask FFFF FFFF AMASK
Alarm Output Sense RS-232 High (+5.0 Vdc) ASENSE
RX Time-out-Timer None/Disable RXTOT
Transmitter
test frequency
Receiver
test frequency
Sleep Enable OFF SLEEP OFF
Data Port Setting RS/EIA-232 PORT RS232
Primary Extension
Radio Address
Synchronization
Source Map
Extended Address 0 XADDR 0
(CTS is continuously asserted)
• 8 data bits
• none (no parity)
• 1 stop bit
915.000 MHz TX xxx
915.000 MHz RX xxx
0 (Master) XPRI 0
None XMAP 0
Command
CTS 0
BAUD 9600 8N1
For MASTER radios
Skipped frequencies None (radio will hop across all
Hop-time 7 ms HOPTIME 7
Buffer mode OFF BUFF OFF
Retry Count 10 (max. 10 repeats for ARQ) RETRY 10
Repeat Count 3 (downstream repeats) REPEAT 3
Forward Error
Correction
frequencies)
ON FEC ON
SKIP NONE
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide 33
PWR [20–30]
This command displays or sets the desired RF forward output power setting
of the radio. The PWR command parameter is specified in dBm and can range
from 20 dBm through 30 in 1 dBm steps. The default setting is 30 dBm (1
watt). To read the actual (measured) power output of the radio, use the SHOW
PWR command.
In the USA, maximum allowable power is governed by FCC limits on
Effective Isotropic Radiated Power output (EIRP). The EIRP limit of
+36 dBm means that any user with a net antenna gain greater than 6 dBi must
decrease the PWR setting accordingly. Section 3.5, How Much Output Power
Can be Used? contains a detailed discussion of this topic.
REPEAT [0–10]
The REPEAT command affects “downstream” data. The command causes a
Master or Extension to always repeat transmissions for the specified number
of times (range is 0 to 10; default selection is 3). Unlike the RETRY command,
there is no acknowledgment that a message has been received.
Use the REPEAT command without a value to display the current setting.
RETRY [0–10]
The RETRY command affects upstream data. The command selects, or
displays, the maximum number of times (0 to 10) that a remote radio will
re-transmit data. The default setting is 10.
This command is associated with ARQ (Automatic Repeat Request)
operation of the radio and is intended for use in areas with heavy radio
interference.
When the RETRY command is issued without parameters, the maximum
retransmission count is shown. A value of 0 represents no retries, while
values of 1 or greater successively improve the chance of data delivery in
spectrally harsh environments (at the expense of possibly increased latency).
The RETRY value is only setable at the Master. It is readable by a
synchronized Remote.
RSSI
This command displays the radio’s Received Signal Strength Indication in
dBm (decibels relative to 1 mW). The output can range from –40 dBm to
–120 dBm. Command availability and results depend on the mode of
operation (master or remote). The closer to 0 dBm, the stronger the signal,
thus a reading of –70 dBm is stronger than –80 dBm.
For a remote radio, under normal operation, RSSI is based on the average
signal strength of the SYNC message received in each of the eight frequency
zones. (RSSI is sampled each time a SYNC message is received.) When using
the RSSI reading to align a directional antenna, it is important to make
changes slowly so that the RSSI reading will provide meaningful results. It
will take several seconds to indicate a change in signal level. The radio stays
in RSSI mode until is pressed.
34 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev . B
ENTER
For a master radio, under normal operation, entering the RSSI command
causes the response NOT A VAILABLE to be returned. This is because a master
is normally receiving signals from several remote stations and an RSSI
reading would be continually changing. The only exception is when the
SETUP command has been asserted. This disables hopping and allows
reading a “raw” RSSI signal level in real time from a master or remote radio.
NOTE: RSSI readings will not indicate signals stronger than –40 dBm.
RTU [ON, OFF, 0-80]
This command re-enables or disables the radio’s internal RTU simulator,
which runs with MDS’ proprietary polling programs (poll.exe and rsim.exe).
The internal RTU simulator is available whenever a radio has diagnostics
enabled. This command also sets the RTU address that the radio will respond
to.
The internal RTU can be used for testing system payload data or pseudo bit
error rate (BER) testing. It can be helpful in isolating a problem to either the
external RTU or the radio. The default RTU setting is OFF.
RX [xxxx]
This command sets or displays the test receive frequency used in place of
hopping when the radio is in SETUP mode. The test receive frequency can be
reprogrammed to any value between 902.200 MHz and 927.800 MHz,
inclusive. The factory default setting is 915.000 MHz.
RXTOT [NONE, 0–1440]
This command sets or displays the amount of time (in minutes) to wait for the
next received data packet before issuing a receiver time-out alarm. The
default setting is NONE.
SAF [ON, OFF]
This command enables/disables the operation of the Store-and-Forward
services. It can be set only at the network’s Master station, but will effect all
radios in the associated network. The default setting is OFF. See related
commands: “XADDR [0–31]” on Page 38, “XPRI [0–31]” on Page 38, and
“XMAP [00000000-FFFFFFFF]” on Page 38.
SETUP
This command sets up the transceiver for checking antenna SWR or transmitter power with external measuring equipment. Do not use this mode
during normal operation.
When the SETUP command is entered, the prompt changes to SETUP>, and:
• Hopping is disabled.
• Synthesizer frequencies are reset to the test frequencies specified by the
TX and RX commands described earlier.
35 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev . B
• The radio can be keyed using the KEY command. DKEY is used to unkey
the radio. (If the radio is left in a keyed state it is automatically unkeyed
after several minutes.)
• The RSSI is sampled in a raw, continuous fashion regardless of whether
the unit is a master or a remote.
Entering Q or QUIT returns the system to normal operation.
A timer keeps the Setup mode from accidentally leaving the system disabled.
After 10 minutes the system behaves as if Q or QUIT had been entered,
returning to normal operation.
SER
Displays the Serial Number of the radio.
SHOW PWR
The SHOW PWR command displays the actual (measured) RF power output
in dBm. Unlike the PWR command, this command shows the actual level
being measured, not the programmed RF power setting.
SHOW SYNC
When used at a Remote station, this command will display Extended Address
and Unit Address of the Master or Extension radio to which the Remote is
synchronized. The network depth at the remote, defined as the number of
downstream links from the Master, is displayed in parentheses.
SKIP [NONE, 1...8]
This command sets or displays which, if any, of the eight 3.2 MHz-wide
zones will be skipped from the radio’s hopping sequence. Skipping zones is
one way of dealing with constant interference on one or more frequencies.
See “A Word About Radio Interference” on page 9 for more information on
dealing with interference.
Table 11 shows the frequency range covered by each zone. The command
parameter is either the keyword NONE or an undelimited string of up to four
digits where each digit 1...8 represents a corresponding zone to skip. (For
zone parameter input, the digits can appear in any order and can be optionally
separated by a blank space.) The SKIP command is display-only at remote
radios. (Remotes must be synchronized with the master radio to display the
skip status.)
In the USA, a maximum of four zones may be skipped, per FCC rules. Check
the regulatory requirements for your region.
Table 11. Frequency Zones
ZONE 1 ZONE 2 ZONE 3 ZONE 4 ZONE 5 ZONE 6 ZONE 7 ZONE 8
902.200
to
905.200
905.400
to
908.400
908.600
to
911.600
911.800
to
914.800
915.000
to
918.000
918.200
to
921.200
921.400
to
924.400
924.600
to
927.600
36 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev . B
SLEEP [ON, OFF]
This command is used to set or display the radio’s Sleep Mode setting. The
default setting is SLEEP OFF. When this mode is enabled (ON), a ground or
logic low on Pin 4 of the DATA connector suspends all normal radio functions,
and power consumption is reduced to approximately 8 mA. The radio remains
in this state until the low is removed. This function cannot be turned on for a
Master or Extension radio.
SREV
This command displays the version of the firmware currently loaded into the
transceiver.
A display of 06-4040A01, 2.0.0 is an example of the firmware version
identifier—part number followed by release/version number.
STAT
This command is used to check the alarm status of the radio. If no alarms
exist, the message NO ALARMS PRESENT is returned.
If an alarm does exist, a two-digit alarm code (00–31) is displayed and the
event is identified as a “Major” or “Minor” alarm. A brief description of the
event is also given.
If more than one alarm exists, the word MORE appears, and additional alarms
may be viewed by pressing the key. Detailed descriptions of the
ENTER
alarm codes are provided in Table 13 on Page 41.
TEMP
This command displays the internal temperature of the transceiver in degrees
Celsius. (Note that the radio is specified to operate in an environment between
–30 C° and +60 C°). This internal reading may be higher than the outside
temperature by several degrees.
TX [xxxx]
This command sets or displays the test transmit frequency used in place of
hopping whenever the radio is in Setup mode. The test transmit frequency can
be reprogrammed to any value between 902.200 MHz and 927.800 MHz,
inclusive. The factory default setting is 915.000 MHz.
UNIT [10000–65000]
This command sets the unit addressing for network-wide diagnostics. The
unit address is factory programmed to the last four digits of the serial number.
If re-programmed in the field, the entry must consist of five digits between
10000 and 65000.
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide 37
XADDR [0–31]
Display or program the Extended Address of this radio that will serve as a
common address for the sub-network synchronized to this Master or
Extension. This value can be listed in the XPRI parameter of associated
Extension or Remote radios to allow them to synchronize to this radio. We
recommend setting the Master to zero (0). It is easy to remember, and is the
default address when the INIT command is used. (Programmed only in
Master and Extension radios.)
XMAP [00000000-FFFFFFFF]
XMAP is a 32-bit hex entry where the least significant bit represents XADDR
0 and the most significant bit represents XADDR 31. The full 32-bit hex
value represents the entire list of extensions with which the radio will be
allowed to communicate. (Remotes and Extensions only.)
This parameter is easily programmed through the MDS TransNET
Configuration Software’s
Store and Forward Settings panel.
XPRI [0–31]
Display or program the extended address of a primary radio with which this
radio will attempt to synchronize and communicate. A setting of NONE will
allow the unit to synchronize with any Master or Extension in the XMAP list.
(Parameter only meaningful for a Remote or Extension.)
XRSSI [NONE, –40...–120]
The XRSSI command is used to set the RSSI minimum signal level required
to preserve synchronization with a non-primary Extension radio. This
parameter will be ignored if XPRI is set to NONE.
ZONE CLEAR
The ZONE CLEAR command clears the zone data for all zones in the Zone
Data Log, resetting the count to 0. (Zone data is also cleared automatically
upon reboot.)
ZONE DATA
The transceiver divides its frequency operating spectrum into eight
3.2 MHz-wide zones. (These are the same zones referenced by the SKIP
command described earlier.) Data frame statistics are maintained for each
zone to indicate the transmission quality of data through the network. This
information is useful for identifying zones where significant interference
exists.
Zone quality information can be accessed using the ZONE DATA command.
For each zone (1–8), it shows you the number of data frames sent, the number
received, and the number received with errors. If an excessive number of
errors are seen in one or more frequency zones, it may indicate interference,
and you should consider “skipping” those zones using the SKIP command.
Note: If a frequency zone has been skipped, all counts for that zone will be
zeros.
38 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev . B
The ZONE DATA format is displayed as follows:
1:TX TO TAL 00000000
1:RX TO TAL 00000000
1:RX ERROR 00000000
x:
x:
x:
8:TX TO TAL 00000000
8:RX TO TAL 00000000
8:RX ERROR 00000000
All data is based on payload packets. Incoming network data may be divided
up into multiple packets for over-the-air transfers. The number before the
colon represents the zone. TX TOT AL is the transmit packet total. RX TO TAL is
the receive packet total. RX ERROR is the total number of received packets
with CRC errors. All zone data is reset with the ZONE CLEAR command.
7.0 TROUBLESHOOTING
Successful troubleshooting of an MDS transceiver system is not difficult, but
requires a logical approach. It is best to begin troubleshooting at the master
station, as the rest of the system depends on the master for polling instructions
and synchronization data. If the master station has problems, the operation of
the entire network will be affected.
When communication problems are found, it is good practice to begin by
checking the simple things. All radios in the network must meet these basic
requirements:
• Adequate and stable primary power
• An efficient and properly aligned antenna system
• Secure connections (RF, data & power)
• Proper programming of the radio’s operating parameters, especially
Mode selection (
Rate (BAUD)
• The correct interface between the radio and the connected data
equipment (proper cable wiring, data format and timing).
• In store-and-forward systems there are several areas that must be
carefully evaluated:
• Duplicate XADDR v alues on MODE M and MODE X radios will cause
failures unless the radios are far enough apart to not hear each other .
• Errors in the synchronization qualifiers, XPRI and XMAP, on
corresponding Remote radios.
• SAF must be enabled at the Master
MODE), Network Address (ADDR), and interface Baud
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide 39
7.1 LED Indicators
The LED status indicators are an important troubleshooting tool and should
be checked whenever a problem is suspected. Table 12 describes the function
of each status LED.
Table 12. LED indicator descriptions
PWR SYNC TXD RXD
Name Description
PWR
SYNC Continuous—Radio is receiving/sending synchronization frames
TXD Transmit data activity on the DB-9 DATA interface connector
RXD Receive data activity on the DB-9 DATA interface connector
• Continuous—Power is applied to the radio; no problems detected
• Flashing (5 times-per-second)—Fault indication. See Section 7.0,
TROUBLESHOOTING
• Off—Radio is unpowered or in Sleep mode
On within 10 seconds of power-up under normal conditions
7.2 Alarm Codes
When an alarm condition exists, the transceiver creates an alarm code. These
codes can be very helpful in resolving many system difficulties.
Checking for Alarms—STAT command
To check for the presence of alarms, enter STAT. If no alarms exist, the
message NO ALARMS PRESENT appears at the top of the display.
If an alarm does exist, a two-digit alarm code (00–31) is displayed, and it is
identified as a major or minor alarm. A brief description of the alarm is also
given. Alarm codes and their meanings are listed in Table 13.
If more than one alarm exists, the word MORE appears at the bottom of the
screen; additional alarms can be viewed by pressing .
ENTER
Major Alarms vs. Minor Alarms
Major alarms report serious conditions that generally indicate a hardware
failure, or other abnormal condition that will prevent (or seriously hamper)
further operation of the transceiver.
With the exception of alarm code 00 (network address not programmed),
major alarms generally indicate the need for factory repair. Contact MDS for
further assistance.
40 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev . B
Minor alarms report conditions which, under most circumstances, will not
prevent transceiver operation. This includes out-of-tolerance conditions,
baud rate mismatches, etc. The cause of these alarms should be investigated
and corrected to prevent system failure.
Alarm Code Definitions
Table 13 contains a listing of all event codes that may be reported by the
transceiver.Additional alarm codes may be used in future firmware releases
or are used by the factory.
Table 13. Alarm Codes
Alarm
Code
00 Major The network address is not programmed.
01 Major Improper firmware detected for this radio model.
04 Major One or more of the programmable synthesizer loops is reporting
08 Major The system is reporting that it has not been calibrated. Factory
10 Major The DSP was unable to properly program the system to the ap-
12 Major Receiver time-out alarm.
16 Minor The unit address is not programmed.
17 Minor A data parity fault has been detected on the DATA connector.
18 Minor A data framing error has been detected on the DATA connector.
29 Minor RF output power fault detected. (Power differs by more than 2
30 Minor The system is reporting an RSSI reading below –105 dBm.
31 Minor The transceiver’s internal temperature is approaching an
Alarm
Type Description
an out-of-lock condition.
calibration is required for proper radio operation.
propriate defaults. A hardware problem may exist.
This usually indicates a parity setting mismatch between the radio and the RTU.
This may indicate a baud rate mismatch between the radio and
the RTU.
dB from set level.) Often caused by high antenna system SWR.
Check antenna, feedline and connectors.
out-of-tolerance condition. If the temperature drifts outside of
the recommended operating range, system operation may fail.
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide 41
7.3 Troubleshooting Chart
Table 14 provides suggestions for resolving system difficulties that may be
experienced in the radio system. If problems persist, contact the factory for
further assistance. Refer to the inside back cover of this guide for contact
information.
Table 14. Troubleshooting chart
Difficulty Recommended System Checks
Unit is
inoperative.
Interference is
suspected.
No synchronization with master,
or poor overall
performance.
BER is too high.
Data throughput
is spotty.
Latency is too
high.
a.Check for the proper supply voltage at the power connector.
b.The transceiver’s internal fuse may have opened. Refer to Sec-
tion 7.5 below for replacement instructions.
a.Verify that the system has a unique network address. Nearby
systems with the same address will cause interference.
b.Check for interference by locking out affected zone(s) using the
SKIP command (Page 36).
c.If omnidirectional antennas are used on remote stations, con-
sider changing to directional antennas. This will often limit interference to and from other stations.
a.Check for secure interface connections at the radio and the
connected device.
b.Check the antenna, feedline and connectors. Reflected power
should be less than 10% of the forward power reading
(SWR ≈ 2:1 or lower).
c.If the remote radio is in synchronization, but performance is
poor, check the received signal strength using the RSSI command (Page 34). If RSSI is low, it may indicate antenna problems, or misalignment of directional antenna headings.
d.Verify proper programming of system parameters: mode, net-
work address, data interface baud rate, transmitter power, CTS
delay, etc. For store-and-forward applications, also verify the
following: SAF is ON; extended address is properly programmed at each extension; remotes are using the proper values for XPRI and XMAP.
e.Check for alarms using the STAT command (Page 37)
a.The RETRY and REPEAT commands may be increased to
deal with interference, or decreased to increase throughput
and reduce latency.
b.Try turning on FEC. FEC on gives some coding gain, but
comes at the cost of reduced throughput.
a.Reduce the REPEAT count.
b.Turn BUFF OFF. BUFF ON insures that no gaps occur in the
data, but this comes at the cost of increased latency.
c.Make sure HOPTIME is set to 7.
42 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev . B
7.4 Performing Network-Wide Remote Diagnostics
Diagnostics data from a remote radio can be obtained by connecting a laptop
or personal computer running MDS InSite diagnostics software (V6.6 or later)
to any radio in the network.
NOTE: The diagnostics feature may not be available in all radios. The ability to query
and configure a radio via Network-wide Diagnostics is based on the feature options purchased in the radio being polled.
If a PC is connected to any radio in the network, intrusive polling (polling
which briefly interrupts payload data transmission) can be performed. To
perform diagnostics without interrupting payload data transmission, connect
the PC to a radio defined as the “root” radio. A radio is defined as a root radio
using the
DTYPE ROOT command locally, at the radio.
A complete explanation of remote diagnostics can be found in MDS’
Network-Wide Diagnostics System Handbook (MDS P/N 05-3467A01).
Table 15. Network-Wide Diagnostics Commands
Command Description
DLINK [xxxxx/ON/OFF]
Details, page 30
DTYPE [NODE/ROOT]
Details, page 31
1. Program one radio in the network as the root radio by entering the
DTYPE ROOT command at the radio.
2. At the root radio, use the DLINK ON and DLINK [baud rate] commands to
configure the diagnostic link protocol on the RJ-11 port.
3. Program all other radios in the network as nodes by entering the
DTYPE NODE command at each radio.
4. Use the DLINK ON and DLINK [baud rate] commands to configure the
diagnostic link protocol on the RJ-11 port of each node radio.
5. Connect a PC on which MDS InSite software is installed to the root radio,
or to one of the nodes, at the radio’s diagnostics port.
To connect a PC to the radio’s DIAG port, an RJ-11 to DB-9 adapter
(MDS P/N 03-3246A01) is required. If desired, an adapter cable may be
constructed from scratch, using the information shown in Figure 20 on
Page 54.
6. Launch the MDS InSite application at the PC. (Refer to the InSite user’s
manual for details.)
Set baud rate of diagnostics link
Set radio’s operational characteristics for network-wide diagnostics
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide 43
7.5 Internal Fuse Replacement
The radio is protected by an internal fuse. Most likely the fuse will be blown
by an over-voltage transient or an internal failure. Follow the procedure
below to remove and replace the fuse:
1. Disconnect the primary power cable and all other connections to the unit.
2. Place the radio on its back and remove the four Phillips screws at the
corners of the bottom cover.
3. Carefully separate the top and bottom covers. There is a flat ribbon cable
between the top cover’ s LED panel and the motherboard. Y ou do not need
to disconnect the ribbon cable.
4. Locate the fuse holder assembly behind the power connector.
(See Figure 17).
5. Loosen the fuse from the holder using a very small screwdriver, then use
a small pair of needle-nose pliers to pull the fuse straight up and out of
the holder.
6. Use an ohmmeter or other continuity tester to verify that the fuse is
blown.
7. Install a new fuse by reversing the process. Replacement fuse
information: Littelfuse #0454002; 452 Series, 2 Amp SMF Slo-Blo fuse
(MDS Part No. 29-1784A03).
8. Re-install the covers, interface cables and check the radio for proper
operation.
Invisible place holder
Figure 17.
Internal Fuse and Holder
Assembly Location
44 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev . B
8.0 RADIO FIRMWARE UPGRADES
From time to time, Microwave Data Systems releases new firmware for its
radio products. This file can be installed in existing radios to take advantage
of engineering improvements or additional features.
8.1 Obtaining new firmware
The latest firmware for each radio type may be obtained free from our Web
site at:
www.microwavedata.com/service/technical/support/downloads/
Firmware is also available on disks from MDS that are bundled with a
installation utility (MDS Radio Software Upgrade (upgrade.exe)) for
transferring the firmware file on the disk to the radio.
Saving a Web-site firmware file to your PC
MDS firmware upgrades are distributed as a plain-text (ASCII) file with a
“.S28” extension. Browse to find the desired “.S28” file for your radio on the
MDS Web site. After finding your selection, use the right mouse button to
select a path on your computer on which to save the file. (If this isn’t done,
your browser may display the firmware file contents as text on the screen
instead of downloading it to your local hard drive.)
After the “.S28” file has been saved to your computer, you may use either
MDS TransNET Configuration Software or MDS Radio Software Upgrade
programs to install this firmware in your radios.
8.2 Installing firmware in your radio
1. Connect the PC to the radio’s DIAG port using an RJ-11 to DB-9 Adapter
Cable (MDS Part No. 03-3246A01). If desired, a cable can be fabricated
from the information shown in Figure 20 on Page 54.
2. Start the MDS TransNET Configuration Software. Open diagnostics port
to the radio. The program will automatically read the radio’s profile.
3. From the File menu select Radio Firmware Upgrade and follow the prompts
to install the new firmware into the radio. Do not press the Cancel button
once the installation has started or it will leave the radio without any
code. When the installation is complete, another radio may be connected
to your PC and programmed.
NOTE: If a firmware installation fails, the radio is left unprogrammed and inoperative.
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide 45
This is indicated by the PWR LED flashing slowly (1 second on/1 second off).
This condition is only likely to occur if there is a power failure to the computer
or radio during the installation process. The installation should be attempted
again.
9.0 OPERATING PRINCIPLES AND CONFIGURATION
9.1 Synchronization—Basic Network
Remotes acquire synchronization and configuration information via SYNC
messages.They can synchronize to the Master (the MODE M unit) or to any
valid Extension (a MODE X unit).
The Master will always transmit SYNC messages. An Extension will only
start sending SYNC messages after synchronization is achieved with its
Master.
The ability to synchronize to a given radio is further qualified by the sender’s
Extended Address (XADDR) and by receiver’s Synchronization Qualifiers
(XMAP, XPRI, and XRSSI).
When a primary is specified (XPRI is 0...31), a radio will always attempt to
find the primary first. If 30 seconds elapses and the primary is not found, then
the radio will attempt to synchronize with any non-primary radio in the XMAP
list.
Once every 30 minutes, if a primary is defined, the radio will check its
synchronization source. If the radio is synchronized to a unit other than the
primary, then the current RSSI value is compared to the XRSSI value. If RSSI
is less than XRSSI (or if XRSSI is NONE) the radio will force a
loss-of-synchronization, and hunt for the primary again (as described in the
previous paragraph).
By default, Extensions (and the Master) begin with XADDR 0.
Synchronization qualifiers are set to XMAP 0, XPRI 0, and XRSSI NONE,
respectively. This default configuration allows any radio to hear the Master.
When an Extension is added, the extended address of the Extension must be
set to a unique value. All remotes that need to hear that extension can specify
this either by designating the extension as the primary (XPRI), or by including
it in their list of valid synchronization sources (XMAP).
9.2 Extension Operation with SAF
The Store-and-Forward (SAF) capability operates by dividing a network into
a vertical hierarchy of two or more sub-networks. (See Figure 6 on Page 5.)
Adjacent sub-networks are connected via Extension radios operating in
“MODE X” which move data from one sub-network to the next one.
The Store-and-Forward implementation adheres to the general polling
principles used in most multiple-address systems (MAS). Polls originate from
the Master station, broadcast to all radios within the network, and travel
hierarchically downward. All Remotes will hear the same message, but only
one Remote will respond. Messages within a hierarchy only travel in one
direction at a time.
Using SAF will cut the overall data throughput in half, however, multiple
networks can be inter-connected with no additional loss in network
throughput.
46 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev . B
Simple Extended SAF Network
The following example depicts a two-level network utilizing a single Master
(M) and an Extension (X) radio. See Figure 18.
Invisible place holder
M
J
Sub-Network J
R
R
J
X
J
J,K
R
J
Sub-Network K
R
KK
Figure 18. Simple Extended SAF Network
K
Networks: J and K
RR
In this network, messages directed to Remotes in the “K” sub-network, will
be relayed through Extension radio X
to the K-Remotes. Any response
j,k
from a Remote in sub-network “K” will pass back through Extension radio
X
to the Master Mj. Radios in sub-network “J” operate on the same set of
j,k
frequencies and sub-network “K” but with a different radio-frequency
hopping pattern.
In the SAF operation, the Extension radios are set to MODE X
(Details page 32) and operate with a dual personality—50% of the time it
serves as a Remote station and 50% of the time as a Master for sub-network
Remotes.
Extended SAF Network
Below is an example of a multilevel network utilizing two repeaters—X
and X
. The example demonstrates the extensibility of the network. In this
K,L
J,K
case, messages directed to Remotes in the sub-network L will be relayed
through Extension radios X
J,K
and X
. Like the previous example, the
K,L
Extension radios will split their operating time equally between their Master
and Remote personalities. This multi-layered network can be extended
indefinitely without additional degradation in system throughput beyond that
initially incurred by placing the network in the SAF mode.
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide 47
Invisible place holder
M
J
Sub-Network J
R
R
J
X
J
J,K
R
J
Sub-Network K
K,L
R
K
X
R
K
Sub-Network L
R
R
L
Figure 19. Extended SAF Network
R
L
L
Networks: J, K, L
Retransmission and ARQ operation
Functionally, the sub-network side of an Extension behaves like a
corresponding connection between a master and a remote.
When an Extension is using its “master personality” it sends
acknowledgments and performs unconditional retransmissions based on its
REPEAT count.
When an Extension is using its “Remote personality”, acknowledgments are
processed and retransmissions occur as needed, up to the number of times
specified by the RETRY count value.
If new data arrives—from a new source—prior to completion of
retransmissions, then this is considered a violation of the polling model
protocol. The new data takes precedence over the old data and the old data is
lost. In such a situation, new data is bound to be corrupt as it will have some
old data mixed in with it.
Synchronizing Network Units
The Master controls the synchronization for a given network for all modes.
Setting the Master to “SAF ON” broadcasts a command from the Master to all
radio units in the associated network either directly or through an Extension
radio. This command puts all radios in the entire system in a special
time-division duplexing mode that alternates between two timeslots. One
time slot for data communications upstream and the second for downstream
communications.
48 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev . B
The Extensions are single radios which serve as bridges between adjacent
sub-network levels. Extensions will undertake a “remote” personality in one
timeslot, and a “master” personality in the alternate timeslot and provide
communications with associated Remotes downstream. Extensions behave
like two radios with their data ports tied together, first synchronizing with
their upstream Master during their Remote personality period, and then
providing synchronization signals to dependent Remotes downstream during
its Master personality period.
All Remotes synchronize to a corresponding Master. This can be the “real
master” (the MODE M unit), or it can be a repeater “Extension” that derives
synchronization from the “real master”.
Payload polls/packets broadcast from the network Master will be repeated to
all levels of the network, either directly to Remotes, or through network
repeaters—the Extensions station. The targeted Remote will respond to the
poll following the same path back to the Master.
9.3 Configuration Parameters for Store-and Forward
Services
The installation and configuration of an MDS TransNET 900 network with
an Extension using SAF is straight-forward with only a few unique
parameters that need to be considered and set at each unit.
In every network there can be only one Master station. It will serve as the sole
gateway to the outside world. The following three tables detail the parameters
that will need to be set on each type of radio in the network.
• Network Master Radio—Table 16 on Page 49
• Extension Radio(s)—Table 17 on Page 50
• Remote Radio(s)—Table 18 on Page 51
Table 16. Configuration Parameters for SAF Services
Network Master Radio
Parameter Command Description
Operating Mode
Network Address
MODE M
Details page 32
ADDR
Details page 27
Set the radio to serve as a
Master
A number between 1 and
65,000 that will serve as a
common network address.
All radios in the network
use the same number.
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide 49
Table 16. Configuration Parameters for SAF Services
Network Master Radio (Continued)
Parameter Command Description
Extended Address
Store and Forward
Mode
XADDR
Details page 38
SAF ON
Details page 35
A number between 0 and
31 that will serve as a
common address for radios that synchronize directly to this master.
Typically, the Master is
set to zero (0).
Enables store and forward capability in the network.
Table 17. Configuration Parameters for SAF Services
Extension Radio(s)
Parameter Command Description
Operating Mode
Network Address
Extended Address
Primary Extended
Address
Extension Map
Extension
Received Signal
Strength Indicator
MODE X
Details page 32
ADDR
Details page 27
XADDR
Details page 38
XPRI
Details page 38
XMAP
Details page 38
XRSSI
Details page 38
Set the radio to serve as an
Extension
A number between 1 and
65,000 that will serve as a
common network address.
All radios in the network use
the same number.
A number between 0 and 31
that will serve as a common
address for radios that synchronize directly to this Extension radio serving as
master for associated
sub-network units.
We recommend using zero
(0) for the Master station.
XADDR number of the primary or preferred radio with
which this radio will synchronize.
Functional list of all XADDR
values with which this radio
can synchronize, excluding
XPRI address
the
The minimum RSSI level re-
quired to preserve synchronization with a non-primary
radio. (Ineffective when
XPRI is NONE)
50 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev . B
Table 18. Configuration Parameters for SAF Services
Remote Radio(s)
Parameter Command Description
Operating Mode
Network Address
Primary Extended
Address
Extension Map
Extension
Received Signal
Strength Indicator
MODE R
Details page 32
ADDR
Details page 27
XPRI
Details page 38
XMAP
Details page 38
XRSSI
Details page 38
Set the radio to serve
as a Remote station
A number between 1
and 65,000 that will
serve as a common
network address or
name.
Same number for all
units in the same network.
XADDR number of the
primary or preferred
radio with which this
radio will synchronize.
Functional list of all
XADDR values with
which this radio can
synchronize, excluding the
XPRI address
The minimum RSSI
level required to preserve synchronization
with a non-primary radio. (Ineffective when
XPRI is NONE)
9.4 Security
Today, the operation and management of an enterprise is becoming
increasing dependent on electronic information flow. An accompanying
concern becomes the security of the communication infrastructure and the
security of the data itself. MDS takes this matter seriously, and provides
several means for protecting the data carried over its wireless products.
MDS TransNET 900 radios address this issue primarily through the use of the
following items:
1) A proprietary modem/data link layer—Data signals are processed
using code and hardware specifically designed by MDS.
2) A unique Network Address—This provides a unique identifier for
each radio in a network. A radio is not addressable unless this
unique code is included in the data string.
3) An optional encryption value (code)—Setting an encryption code
requires the use of the
the radio’s hop pattern and encrypts payload data content. A radio
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide 51
CODE command. This command scrambles
requires the correct Network Address (ADDR) and CODE value in
order to synchronize.
value must be programmed into all radios in the network. See “CODE
[NONE, 1…255]” on Page 29 for more details.
When the CODE command is used, the same
The effectiv e combination of CODE and ADDR discourage the use
of an exhaustive search to gain access to a system.
The items described above provide sufficient security for a typical MAS
system. For more highly-sensitive applications, system designers should
consider employing application level encryption into their polling protocols
to further protect their systems. Third party software tools are available for
adding encryption, and these should be considered as part of any advanced
encryption scheme.
52 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev . B
10.0 TECHNICAL REFERENCE
10.1 Product Specifications
GENERAL
Frequency Hopping Range: Up to 128 frequencies within
Hop Pattern: Based on network address
Frequency Stability: ±1.5 ppm
Half-Duplex Operation: ±1.6 MHz TX/RX split
Network Addresses: 65,000
Temperature Range: –40° C to +70° C
Humidity: <95% at +40° C; non-condensing
Primary Power: 13.8 Vdc (6–30 Vdc range)
Current Draw (typical):
Transmit: 510 mA @ 13.8 Vdc
Receive: 115 mA @ 13.8 Vdc
Sleep Mode: 8 mA @ 13.8 Vdc
Size (excluding mtg. hardware):
Enclosed Version: 5.30" x 3.50” x 1.40" (135 x 89 x 36 mm)
Board Version: 4.00"W x 3.25 ” x 0.50" (102 x 83 x 13 mm)
Case: Die-cast aluminum
Agency Approvals: • FCC Part 15.247
902–928 MHz,
configurable in 3.2 MHz zones
(E5MDS-EL805)
• Industry Canada RSS-210 and RSS-139
(CAN 3738A 12122)
• UL/FM Class 1, Div. 2; Groups A, B, C
and D hazardous locations
• CE Mark
• Contact MDS for information on availabil-
ity and governmental approvals in other
countries
DATA CHARACTERISTICS (DB-9 Data Port)
Data Interface: RS-232/422/485
Interface Connector: DB-9 female
Data Rate: 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400,
Data Latency: 7 ms typical
Byte Length: 10 or 11 bits
Maximum Data Transmission: Continuous up to 115200 bps
57600, 115200 bps asynchronous
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide 53
RF CHARACTERISTICS (TNC RF Connector)
TRANSMITTER:
Power Output
(at antenna connector): 0.1 to 1.0 watt (+20 dBm to +30 dBm),
set by user
Duty Cycle: Continuous
Modulation Type: Binary CPFSK
Output Impedance: 50 Ohms
Spurious: –60 dBc
Harmonics: –55 dBc
RECEIVER:
Type: Double conversion superheterodyne
Sensitivity: –110 dBm
Intermodulation: 54 dB minimum (EIA)
Desensitization: 75 dB
Spurious: 70 dB minimum
Bandwidth: 200 kHz
Interference Ratio
(SINAD degraded by 3dB): Co-channel:–10 dB
Adjacent channel:+30 dB
Two channels away:+40 dB
Three channels away:+48 dB
Time Required to Synchronize
with Master Radio: 0.5 seconds (typical)
10.2 Diagnostic Interface Connections (RJ-11)
Invisible place holder
RJ-11 PLUG
(TO RADIO)
TXD
4
DB-9 FEMALE
(TO COMPUTER)
RXD
2
1
6
RJ-11 PIN LAYOUT
RXD
5
GND
6
TXD
GND
3
5
Figure 20. RJ-11 to DB-9 Adapter Cable—Wiring Details
NOTE:
Only wire pins 4, 5, and 6. Pins 1,2, and 3 are reserved for special functions
and are not normally connected.
10.3 Data Interface Connections (DB-9F)
The DATA connector (Figure 21) is used to connect the radio to an external
DTE data terminal that supports the EIA/RS-232 or EIA/RS-485 (balanced)
format, depending on how the radio was configured at the factory. The radio
supports data rates of 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, and
115200 bps (asynchronous data only).
54 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev . B
The DATA connector mates with a standard DB-9 plug that is available from
many electronics parts distributors. Table 19 and Table 20 provide detailed
pin descriptions for the DATA connector in RS/EIA-232 mode and
RS/EIA-485 mode, respectively.
1
5
Figure 21. DATA Connector (DB-9F)
As viewed from outside the radio
96
Pin Descriptions—RS/EIA-232 Mode
Table 19 lists the DATA connector pin functions for radios configured to
operate in RS/EIA-232 mode.
NOTE: The radio is hard-wired as a DCE in the EIA-232 mode.
Table 19. DATA connector pin descriptions—RS/EIA-232
Pin
Number
1 OUT DCD (Data Carrier Detect)
2 OUT RXD (Received Data)
3 IN TXD (Transmitted Data)
4 IN Sleep—A ground on this pin turns off most circuits in a re-
5 IN Signal Ground—
6 OUT Alarm Output—An RS-232 high/space (+5.0 Vdc) on this pin
7 IN RTS (Request-to-Send)
8 OUT CTS (Clear-to-Send)—Goes “high” after the programmed
9 -- Reserved for Special Uses (Do not connect)
Input/
Output Pin Description
A “high” indicates hopping synchronization.
Supplies received data to the connected device.
Accepts TX data from the connected device.
mote radio, including transmit, receive, modem, and diagnostic functions. This allows for greatly reduced power
consumption, yet preserves the radio’s ability to be quickly
brought on line. See Section 5.6, Using the Radio’s Sleep
Mode (beginning on page 31) for details.
Connects to ground (negative supply potential) on the radio’s PC board and chassis.
indicates an alarm condition. An RS-232 low/mark (-5.0
Vdc) indicates normal operation. This pin may be used as
an alarm output. (See ASENSE [HI/LO]Details, page 28 for
further information.
CTS delay time has elapsed (DCE), or keys an attached radio when RF data arrives (CTS KEY).
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide 55
Pin Descriptions—RS/EIA-422/485 Mode
Table 20 lists the DATA connector pin functions for radios configured to
operate in RS/EIA-422/485 mode. See Figure 22 for wiring schemes.
Table 20. DATA connector pin descriptions—RS/EIA-485 Mode
Pin
Number
1 — Not Used—Do not connect
2 OUT TXD+/TXA (Received Data +)
3 IN RXD+/RXA (Transmitted Data +)
4 IN Sleep (GND = Active)—A ground on this pin turns off most
5 IN Signal Ground (GND)
6 -- Not Used—Do not connect
7 IN RXD–/RXB (Transmitted Data –)
8 OUT TXD–/TXB (Received Data –)
9 -- Reserved for Special Uses (Do not connect)
Input/
Output Pin Description
Non-inverting driver output.
Non-inverting receiver input.
circuits in the radio, including transmit, receive, modem, and
diagnostic functions. This allows for greatly reduced power
consumption, yet preserves the radio’s ability to be quickly
brought on line. See Section 5.6, Using the Radio’s Sleep
Mode (beginning on Page 18) for details.
Connects to ground (negative supply potential) on the radio’s PC board and chassis.
Inverting receiver input.
Inverting driver output.
NOTES:
• RXD+/RXA and RXD–/RXB are data sent into the radio to be transmitted out
• RXD+/RXA is positive with respect to RXD–/RXB when the line input is a “0”
• TXD+/TXA and TXD–/TXB are data received by the radio and sent to the
connected device
• TXD+/TXA is positive with respect to TXD–/TXB when the line output is a “0”
Invisible place holder
4-WIRE CONNECTIONS
2
3
7
8
DATA CONNECTOR
RXD +
RXD –
TXD +
TXD –
2-WIRE CONNECTIONS
2
3
7
8
DATA CONNECTOR
RXD+/TXD+
RXD–/TXD–
Figure 22. EIA-422/485 Wiring Schemes
(Left: EIA-422, Right: EIA-485)
56 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev . B
10.4 dBm-Watts-Volts Conversion Chart
Table 21 is provided as a convenience for determining the equivalent voltage
or wattage of an RF power expressed in dBm with 50 Ohms load.
Table 21. dBm-Watts-Volts Conversion Chart
dBm V Po
+53 100.0 200W
+50 70.7 100W
+49 64.0 80W
+48 58.0 64W
+47 50.0 50W
+46 44.5 40W
+45 40.0 32W
+44 32.5 25W
+43 32.0 20W
+42 28.0 16W
+41 26.2 12.5W
+40 22.5 10W
+39 20.0 8W
+38 18.0 6.4W
+37 16.0 5W
+36 14.1 4W
+35 12.5 3.2W
+34 11.5 2.5W
+33 10.0 2W
+32 9.0 1.6W
+31 8.0 1.25W
+30 7.10 1.0W
+29 6.40 800mW
+28 5.80 640mW
+27 5.00 500mW
+26 4.45 400mW
+25 4.00 320mW
+24 3.55 250mW
+23 3.20 200mW
+22 2.80 160mW
+21 2.52 125mW
+20 2.25 100mW
+19 2.00 80mW
+18 1.80 64mW
+17 1.60 50mW
+16 1.41 40mW
+15 1.25 32mW
+14 1.15 25mW
+13 1.00 20mW
+12 .90 16mW
+11 .80 12.5mW
+10 .71 10mW
+9 .64 8mW
+8 .58 6.4mW
+7 .500 5mW
+6 .445 4mW
+5 .400 3.2mW
+4 .355 2.5mW
+3 .320 2.0mW
+2 .280 1.6mW
+1 .252 1.25mW
dBm V Po
0 .225 1.0mW
-1 .200 .80mW
-2 .180 .64mW
-3 .160 .50mW
-4 .141 .40mW
-5 .125 .32mW
-6 .115 .25mW
-7 .100 .20mW
-8 .090 .16mW
-9 .080 .125mW
-10 .071 .10mW
-11 .064
-12 .058
-13 .050
-14 .045
-15 .040
-16 .0355
dBm mV Po
-17 31.5
-18 28.5
-19 25.1
-20 22.5 .01mW
-21 20.0
-22 17.9
-23 15.9
-24 14.1
-25 12.8
-26 11.5
-27 10.0
-28 8.9
-29 8.0
-30 7.1 .001mW
-31 6.25
-32 5.8
-33 5.0
-34 4.5
-35 4.0
-36 3.5
-37 3.2
-38 2.85
-39 2.5
-40 2.25 .1µW
-41 2.0
-42 1.8
-43 1.6
-44 1.4
-45 1.25
-46 1.18
-47 1.00
-48 0.90
dBm mV Po
-49 0.80
-50 0.71 .01µW
-51 0.64
-52 0.57
-53 0.50
-54 0.45
-55 0.40
-56 0.351
-57 0.32
-58 0.286
-59 0.251
-60 0.225 .001µW
-61 0.200
-62 0.180
-63 0.160
-64 0.141
dBm µV Po
-65 128
-66 115
-67 100
-68 90
-69 80
-70 71 .1nW
-71 65
-72 58
-73 50
-74 45
-75 40
-76 35
-77 32
-78 29
-79 25
-80 22.5 .01nW
-81 20.0
-82 18.0
-83 16.0
-84 11.1
-85 12.9
-86 11.5
-87 10.0
-88 9.0
-89 8.0
-90 7.1 .001nW
-91 6.1
-92 5.75
-93 5.0
-94 4.5
-95 4.0
-96 3.51
-97 3.2
dBm µV Po
-98 2.9
-99 2.51
-100 2.25 .1pW
-101 2.0
-102 1.8
-103 1.6
-104 1.41
-105 1.27
-106 1.18
dBm nV Po
-107 1000
-108 900
-109 800
-110 710 .01pW
-111 640
-112 580
-113 500
-114 450
-115 400
-116 355
-117 325
-118 285
-119 251
-120 225
.001pW
-121 200
-122 180
-123 160
-124 141
-125 128
-126 117
-127 100
-128 90
-129 80 .1ƒW
-130 71
-131 61
-132 58
-133 50
-134 45
-135 40
-136 35
-137 33
-138 29
-139 25
-140 23 .01ƒW
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide 57
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GLOSSARY
Antenna System Gain—A figure, normally expressed in dB, representing
the power increase resulting from the use of a gain-type antenna. System
losses (from the feedline and coaxial connectors, for example) are subtracted
from this figure to calculate the total antenna system gain.
Bit—The smallest unit of digital data, often represented by a one or a zero.
Eight bits (plus start, stop, and parity bits) usually comprise a byte.
Bits-per-second—See BPS.
BPS—Bits-per-second. A measure of the information transfer rate of digital
data across a communication channel.
Byte—A string of digital data usually made up of eight data bits and start,
stop, and parity bits.
Decibel (dB)—A measure of the ratio between two signal levels. Frequently
used to express the gain (or loss) of a system.
Data Circuit-terminating Equipment—See DCE.
Data Communications Equipment—See DCE.
Data Terminal Equipment—See DTE.
dBi—Decibels referenced to an “ideal” isotropic radiator in free space.
Frequently used to express antenna gain.
dBm—Decibels referenced to one milliwatt. An absolute unit used to
measure signal power, as in transmitter power output, or received signal
strength.
DCE—Data Circuit-terminating Equipment (or Data Communications
Equipment). In data communications terminology, this is the “modem” side
of a computer-to-modem connection. By default, MDS TransNET 900™
transceivers are set as DCE devices.
Digital Signal Processing—See DSP.
DSP—Digital Signal Processing. In the MDS TransNET 900™ transceivers,
the DSP circuitry is responsible for the most critical real-time tasks; primarily
modulation, demodulation, and servicing of the data port.
DTE—Data Terminal Equipment. A device that provides data in the form of
digital signals at its output. Connects to the DCE device.
Equalization—The process of reducing the effects of amplitude, frequency
or phase distortion with compensating networks.
Extended Address—A user-selectable number between 0 and 31 that
identifies a group of transceivers that are part of a common sub-network. It is
recommended the Master be assigned XADDR 0 and the values of 1-31
assigned to Extension radios.
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide G-1
Extension Radio—A radio in a TransNET spread-spectrum network that
serves as a gateway between vertically adjacent sub-networks. See
Store-and-Forward.
Fade Margin—The greatest tolerable reduction in average received signal
strength that will be anticipated under most conditions. Provides an
allowance for reduced signal strength due to multipath, slight antenna
movement or changing atmospheric losses. A fade margin of 20 to 30 dB is
usually sufficient in most systems.
Frame—A segment of data that adheres to a specific data protocol and
contains definite start and end points. It provides a method of synchronizing
transmissions.
Frequency Hopping—The spread spectrum technique used by the MDS
TransNET 900™ transceivers, where two or more associated radios change
their operating frequencies several times per second using a set pattern. Since
the pattern appears to jump around, it is said to “hop” from one frequency to
another.
Frequency Zone—The transceivers use up to 128 discrete channels in the
902 to 928 MHz spectrums. A group of 16 channels is referred to as a zone.
The transceivers use five to eight frequency zones.
Hardware Flow Control—A transceiver feature used to prevent data buffer
overruns when handling high-speed data from the RTU or PLC. When the
buffer approaches overflow, the radio drops the clear-to-send (CTS) line,
which instructs the RTU or PLC to delay further transmission until CTS again
returns to the high state.
Host Computer—The computer installed at the master station site, which
controls the collection of data from one or more remote sites.
Latency—The delay (usually expressed in milliseconds) between when data
is applied to TXD (Pin 2) at one radio, until it appears at RXD (Pin 3) at the
other radio.
MAS—Multiple Address System. A radio system where a central master
station communicates with several remote stations for the purpose of
gathering telemetry data.
Master (Station)—The one radio transceiver in a spread spectrum network
that automatically provides synchronization information to one or more
associated remote transceivers. A radio may be programmed for either master
or remote mode using software commands.
Multiple Address System (MAS)—See Point-Multipoint System.
Network Address—User-selectable number between 1 and 65000 that is
used to identify a group of transceivers that form a communications network.
The master and all remotes within a given system must have the same
network address.
Point-Multipoint System—A radio communications network or system
designed with a central control station that exchanges data with a number of
remote locations equipped with terminal equipment.
G-2 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev . B
Poll—A request for data issued from the host computer (or master PLC) to a
remote radio.
PLC—Programmable Logic Controller. A dedicated microprocessor
configured for a specific application with discrete inputs and outputs. It can
serve as a host or as an RTU.
Remote Radio—A radio in a spread spectrum network that communicates
with an associated master station. A radio may be programmed for either
master or remote mode using software commands.
Remote Terminal Unit—See RTU.
Repeater—A radio that receives RF data and retransmits it. See
Store-and-Forward.
RTU—Remote Terminal Unit. A data collection device installed at a remote
radio site.
SCADA—Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition. An overall term for
the functions commonly provided through an MAS radio system.
Standing Wave Ratio—See SWR.
Sub-Network—A group of TransNET transceivers and the corresponding
radio that they are directly synchronized to. A sub-network can be identified
by Extended Address. See Store-and-Forward.
Store-and-Forward—A radio that receives RF data and retransmits it. In the
TransNET product line, store and forward is defined as a network that
consists of vertically adjacent sub-networks that alternate communicating
upstream and downstream. TransNET performs store and forward at the
internal data frame level (not the the user data level) which allows TransNET
equipment to stream data with minmal latency through each
Extension/Repeater radio station.
SWR—Standing Wave Ratio. A parameter related to the ratio between
forward transmitter power and the reflected power from the antenna system.
As a general guideline, reflected power should not exceed 10% of the forward
power (≈ 2:1 SWR).Zone—See Frequency Zone.
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide G-3
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G-4 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev . B
A
Accessories (table) 5
ADDR command (set/display radio
network address) 27
Alarm
checking for 40
code definitions 41
codes 40
codes, table 41
major vs. minor 40
receiver timeout (RXTOT
command) 35
reset output signal 28
set/display output sense (ASENSE
command) 28
status (STAT command) 37
ALARM command (superseded; see
STAT command) 37
AMASK command (configure alarm
output signal) 28
Antenna
installation 14
performance optimization 19
selection 10
SWR check 20
system gain vs. power output setting,
table 12
Yagi, illustrated 11
ASENSE command (set/display alarm
output sense) 28
B
BAUD command (set/display data
interface port attributes) 28
Baud rate
setting 21
setting for RJ-11 DIAG port (DLINK
command) 43
BUFF command (set/display received
data handling mode) 28
C
Cable
data equipment to DATA
INTERFACE connector 14, 21
data interface wiring for tail-end
links 17
feedlines 11
maximum length, recommended 15,
56
CODE command (display/set
encryption value) 29
Commands
ADDR (set/display radio network
address) 27
AMASK (configure alarm output
signal) 28
ASENSE (set/display alarm output
sense) 28
BAUD (set/display data interface
port attributes) 28
BUFF (set/display received data
handling mode) 28
CODE (set/display encryption
value) 29
CTS (set/display CTS line response
timer) 29
CTSHOLD (set/display CTS hold
timer) 30
detailed descriptions 27–38
DEVICE (set/display DCE or CTS
Key behavior) 30
display operating status 23
DKEY (disable transmitter) 31
DTYPE (set radio’s diagnostics
type) 31
FEC (Forward Error Correction) 31
HOPTIME (set/display hoptime
setting) 31
how used 27
INIT (restore factory default
settings) 31
MODE (display/set radio mode as
master, remote, or extension) 32
most often used commands 27
network configuration 22
OWM (set/display optional owner’s
message) 32
OWN (set/display optional owner’s
name) 32
PORT (display/set current data
port) 32
PWR (set/display RF forward output
power) 34
RSSI (display received signal
strength) 34
RTU (enable/disable internal
RTU) 35
RX (set/display test receive
frequency) 35
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide I-1
RXTOT (set/display received data
timeout value) 35
SAF (store-and-forward) 35
SETUP (enter testing and setup
mode) 35
SHOW (display measured power
output) 36
SKIP (set/display frequency zone to
skip) 36
SLEEP (display/set radio’s sleep
mode setting) 37
SREV (display transceiver software
version) 37
STAT (list alarms) 37
TEMP (display internal
temperature) 37
XADDR (display or program
extended address) 38
XMAP (32-bit hex list of
extensions) 38
XPRI (display/program primary
radio’s extended address) 38
XRSSI (sets minimum signal level
for sync. with non-primary
extension unit) 38
D
Data buffer setting 20, 28
DATA INTERFACE
connections 54
connector pin descriptions, table 55
Data interface
cable wiring for tail-end links,
illustrated 17
Default settings
data interface baud rate 21
factory settings reset by INIT
command (table) 33
restoring (INIT command) 31
See also individual command
descriptions
DEVICE command (set/display DCE or
CTS Key behavior) 30
Diagnostics
network-wide, performing 43
setup mode (SETUP command) 35
using InSite software for
network-wide 43
Display
alarm output sense (ASENSE
command) 28
alarms (STAT command) 37
CTS hold timer value (CTSHOLD
command) 30
CTS line response timer value (CTS
command) 29
data interface baud rate (BAUD
command) 28
device behavior (DEVICE
command) 30
hoptime setting (HOPTIME
command) 31
network address (ADDR
command) 27
operating status commands 23
owner’s message (OWM
command) 32
owner’s name (OWN command) 32
received data handling mode (BUFF
command) 28
received data timeout value (RXT OT
command) 35
received signal strength (RSSI
command) 34
RF forward output power (PWR
command) 34
RF power output, actual measured
(SHOW command) 36
skipped frequency zones (SKIP
command) 36
software version, transceiver (SREV
command) 37
temperature, internal (TEMP
command) 37
test receive frequency (RX
command) 35
display/set radio mode as master,
remote, or extension (see MODE
command) 32
DKEY command (disable
transmitter) 20, 31, 36
DLINK command (set/display baud
rate of diagnostics link) 43
DSP (digital signal processing) 1, 41
DTYPE command (set radio’s
diagnostics type) 31, 43, 44
E
Enable
internal RTU (RTU command) 35
I-2 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev . B
network-wide diagnostics,
procedures 43
Setup mode (SETUP command) 35
skipped zone (SKIP command) 36
Sleep Mode
Encryption. See CODE command
Equipment List 30
Extension radio. See
Store-and-Forward (SAF)
F
Feedline
selection 10, 11
Fuse Replacement 44
G
Gate (radio diagnostics type) 31, 44
H
Hoptime
setting 20
HOPTIME command (set/display
hoptime setting) 31
I
Illustrations
antenna, Y agi 11
data interface cable wiring for
tail-end links 17
model configuration code 2
point-to-point link 4
remote station arrangement 7
tail-end link 4
typical MAS network 3
INIT command (restore factory default
settings) 31
InSite software 43
Installation 13–18
antenna 14
connecting transceiver to data
equipment 14, 21
feedline selection 11
performance optimization 19
requirements 6
site selection 7
site survey 8
tail-end links 17
transmission path 7
Interference
about 9
checks 21
troubleshooting 42
K
Key
set to CTS keying (DEVICE
command) 30
transmitter, for antenna SWR
check 20
KEY command (key transmitter) 20,
36
L
LED status indicators
table 19, 40
M
Master Station
default settings 33
MODE command (display/set radio
mode as master, remote, or
extension) 32
MODE command (display/set radio’s
operating mode as master, remote, or
extension) 32
Model configuration code, illustrated 2
Mounting
instructions/dimensions 13–14
Multiple Address System (MAS)
network, illustrated 3
N
Network configuration commands 22
Network-wide diagnostics
procedures 43
Node (radio diagnostics type) 31, 44
O
Operation 19–21
OWM command (set/display optional
owner’s message) 32
OWN command (set/display optional
owner’s name) 32
P
PC
connecting to radio’s diagnostic
port 43
launching InSite application at 43
performing diagnostics using
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide I-3
connected 43
Peer (radio diagnostics type) 31, 44
Performance optimization 19
Pins, DATA INTERFACE connector
descriptions (table) 55
Point-to-point system
link, illustrated 4
PORT command (set/display current
data port) 32
Power (RF)
how much can be used 12
Measurement 36
set/display RF forward output (PWR
command) 34
Power saving mode (see Sleep Mode)
Procedures
antenna aiming 20
antenna and feedline selection 10
antenna SWR check 20
connecting data equipment to DATA
INTERFACE connector 14, 21
connecting PC and radios for
network-wide diagnostics 43
enabling sleep mode
installation 13–18
installation planning 6
installing the antenna and
feedline 14
interference check 21
mounting the transceiver 13–14
network-wide diagnostics 43
performance optimization 19
performing network-wide
diagnostics 43
programming radio for network-wide
diagnostics 43
reading LED status indicators 19
site selection 7
troubleshooting 39–42
Programming radio 27–38
as root or node 43
PWR command (set/display RF forward
output power) 34
R
Radio
inoperative (troubleshooting
chart) 42
no synchronization with master
(troubleshooting chart) 42
poor performance (troubleshooting
chart) 42
Remote radio
default settings 33
Remote station
typical arrangement, illustrated 7
Repeater Operation. See
Store-and-Forward (SAF)
Root (radio diagnostics type) 31, 44
RSSI command (display received signal
strength) 34
RTU command (enable/disable internal
RTU) 35
RX command (set/display test receive
frequency) 35
RXTOT command (set/display recei ved
data timeout value) 35
S
SAF command (store-and-forward) 35
See also Encryption 29
Set
alarm output sense (ASENSE
command) 28
alarm output signal (AMASK
command) 28
CTS hold timer (CTSHOLD
command) 30
CTS line response timer (CTS
command) 29
data interface baud rate (BAUD
command) 28
DCE or CTS Key device behavior
(DEVICE command) 30
frequency zone to skip (SKIP
command) 36
hoptime (HOPTIME command) 31
network address (ADDR
command) 27
owner’s message (OWM
command) 32
owner’s name (OWN command) 32
radio mode (see MODE
command) 32
received data handling mode (BUFF
command) 28
received data timeout value (RXT OT
command) 35
test receive frequency (RX
command) 35
I-4 MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide MDS 05-2708A01, Rev . B
testing mode (SETUP command) 35
SETUP command (enter testing and
setup mode) 35
SHOW command (display power
output) 36
Site selection 7
SKIP command (set/display frequency
zone to skip) 36
SLEEP command (display/set radio’s
sleep setting) 37
Sleep Mode 18
Spread spectrum, basic principles of 3
SREV command (display transceiver
software version) 37
STAT command (list alarms) 37
Store-and-Forward (SAF) 5, 22, 25, 26,
32, 35, 39, 46, 49
SWR (Standing Wave Ratio)
performance optimization 20
Synchronization qualifiers 39, 46
Tail-end link
cable wiring for, illustrated 17
illustrated 4
installation 17
Technical specifications 53–54
TEMP command (display internal
temperature) 37
Temperature, display internal (TEMP
command) 37
Transceiver
connecting to data equipment 14, 21
default settings 33
mounting
instructions/dimensions 13–14
performance optimization 19
sleep mode 18
Troubleshooting 39–42
performing network-wide
diagnostics 43
table 42
T
Tables
accessories 5
alarm codes 41
antenna system gain vs. power output
setting 12
DATA INTERFACE connector pin
descriptions 55
LED status indicators 19, 40
troubleshooting 42
X
XADDR (extended address
command) 16, 26, 32, 33, 38, 39, 46,
50
XMAP command (32-bit hex entry) 38
XPRI command (display/set extended
address) 38
XRSSI command (sets minimum RSSI
level to maintain sync. w/non-primary
extension radio) 38
MDS 05-2708A01, Rev. B MDS TransNET 900 I&O Guide I-5
D
X
R
D
X
T
C
N
Y
S
R
W
P
IN CASE OF DIFFICULTY...
MDS products are designed for long life and trouble-free operation. However,
this equipment, as with all electronic equipment, may have an occasional
component failure. The following information will assist you in the event that
servicing becomes necessary.
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
Technical assistance for MDS products is available from our Customer Support
Team during business hours (8:00 A.M.–5:30 P.M. Eastern Time). When
calling, please give the complete model number of the radio, along with a
description of the trouble/symptom(s) that you are experiencing. In many cases,
problems can be resolved over the telephone, without the need for returning the
unit to the factory. Please use one of the following means for product assistance:
Phone: 585 241-5510 E-Mail: techsupport@microwavedata.com
FAX: 585 242-8369 Web: www.microwavedata.com
FACTORY SERVICE
Component level repair of radio equipment is not recommended in the field.
Many components are installed using surface mount technology, which requires
specialized training and equipment for proper servicing. For this reason, the
equipment should be returned to the factory for any PC board repairs. The
factory is best equipped to diagnose, repair and align your radio to its proper
operating specifications.
If return of the equipment is necessary, you will be issued a Service Request
Order (SRO) number. The SRO number will help expedite the repair so that the
equipment can be repaired and returned to you as quickly as possible. Please be
sure to include the SRO number on the outside of the shipping box, and on any
correspondence relating to the repair. No equipment will be accepted for repair
without an SRO number.
A statement should accompany the radio describing, in detail, the trouble
symptom(s), and a description of any associated equipment normally connected
to the radio. It is also important to include the name and telephone number of a
person in your organization who can be contacted if additional information is
required.
The radio must be properly packed for return to the factory. The original shipping container and packaging materials should be used whenever possible. All
factory returns should be addressed to:
Microwave Data Systems
Product Service Department
(SRO No. XXXX)
175 Science Parkway
Rochester, NY 14620 USA
When repairs have been completed, the equipment will be returned to you by
the same shipping method used to send it to the factory. Please specify if you
wish to make different shipping arrangements.
Microwave Data Systems Inc.
175 Science Parkway
Rochester, NY 14620
General Business: +1 585 243-9600
FAX: +1 585 242-9620
Web: www.microwavedata.com
A product of Microwave Data Systems Inc.
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