MicroNet SP1678A User Manual

User’s Manual

10/100M Management Switch

Model No.: SP1678A

H0http://www.micronet.info

1

TABLE OF CONTENT

H11. INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................................................................................... H913

H21.1 PACKAGE CONTENT ................................................................................................................................................................................... H923

H31.2 KEY FEATURES........................................................................................................................................................................................... H933

H41.3 PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION............................................................................................................................................................................. H944

H52. INSTALLATION............................................................................................................................................................................................ H955

H62.1 INSTALLATION WITHOUT THE RACK ........................................................................................................................................................... H965

H72.2 RACK-MOUNT INSTALLATION..................................................................................................................................................................... H975

H82.3 INSTALLING NETWORK CABLES ................................................................................................................................................................. H985

H92.4 INSTALLATION OF SFP MODULE ................................................................................................................................................................. H996

H103. WEB-BASED USER INTERFACE............................................................................................................................................................... H1008

H113.1 SETTING UP CONNECTION.......................................................................................................................................................................... H1018

H123.2 WEB MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................................................ H1029

H133.3 SYSTEM.................................................................................................................................................................................................... H10310

H143.3.1 System Information .......................................................................................................................................................................... H10410

H153.3.2 IP Configuration...............................................................................................................................................................................H10511

H163.3.3 Time Configuration .......................................................................................................................................................................... H10612

H173.3.4 Account Configuration..................................................................................................................................................................... H10714

H183.3.5 Management Policy.......................................................................................................................................................................... H10814

H193.3.6 Virtual Stack..................................................................................................................................................................................... H10915

H203.4 PORT CONFIGURATION.............................................................................................................................................................................. H11016

H213.4.1 Status................................................................................................................................................................................................ H11116

H223.4.2 Configuration................................................................................................................................................................................... H11219

H233.4.3 Port Description............................................................................................................................................................................... H11321

H243.4.4 Simple Counter................................................................................................................................................................................. H11421

H253.4.5 Detailed Counter.............................................................................................................................................................................. H11522

H263.5 SNMP...................................................................................................................................................................................................... H11623

H273.6 LOOP DETECTION..................................................................................................................................................................................... H11724

H283.7 DHCP BOOT ............................................................................................................................................................................................ H11826

H293.8 IGMP SNOOPING ..................................................................................................................................................................................... H11926

H303.9 VLAN...................................................................................................................................................................................................... H12028

H313.9.1 VLAN Mode...................................................................................................................................................................................... H12128

H323.9.2 T ag-based Group.............................................................................................................................................................................. H12230

H333.9.3 PVID ................................................................................................................................................................................................ H12331

H343.9.4 Port-based Group............................................................................................................................................................................. H12433

H353.9.5 Management VLAN.......................................................................................................................................................................... H12534

H363.10 MAC TABLE ............................................................................................................................................................................................ H12634

H373.10.1 MAC T able Information................................................................................................................................................................... H12734

H383.10.2 MAC T able Maintenance.................................................................................................................................................................. H12835

H393.10.3 Static Setting .................................................................................................................................................................................... H12936

H40MAC Alias...................................................................................................................................................................................................... H13037

H413.11 GVRP...................................................................................................................................................................................................... H13139

H423.11.1 GVRP Config.................................................................................................................................................................................... H13239

H433.11.2 GVRP Counter................................................................................................................................................................................. H13340

H443.11.3 Group............................................................................................................................................................................................... H13442

H453.12 STP.......................................................................................................................................................................................................... H13542

H463.12.1 Status................................................................................................................................................................................................ H13642

H473.12.2 STP Configuration ........................................................................................................................................................................... H13744

H483.12.3 STP Port Configuration................................................................................................................................................................... H13845

H493.13 TRUNK..................................................................................................................................................................................................... H13947

H503.13.1 Trunk Port Setting/Status ................................................................................................................................................................. H14048

H513.13.2 Aggregation View............................................................................................................................................................................. H14149

H523.13.3 LACP System Priority...................................................................................................................................................................... H14250

H533.14 802.1X CONFIGURATION .......................................................................................................................................................................... H14350

H543.14.1 Status................................................................................................................................................................................................ H14453

H553.14.2 Mode ................................................................................................................................................................................................ H14554

H563.14.3 Security ............................................................................................................................................................................................ H14654

H573.14.4 Param. Setting.................................................................................................................................................................................. H14755

H583.15 ALARM .................................................................................................................................................................................................... H14857

H593.15.1 Event ................................................................................................................................................................................................ H14957

H603.15.2 Email/SMS........................................................................................................................................................................................ H15057

H613.16 CONFIGURATION ...................................................................................................................................................................................... H15158

H623.16.1 Save/Restore..................................................................................................................................................................................... H15259

H633.16.2 Config File....................................................................................................................................................................................... H15359

H643.17 SECURITY................................................................................................................................................................................................. H15460

H653.17.1 Mirror Configuration....................................................................................................................................................................... H15560

H663.17.2 Isolated Group................................................................................................................................................................................. H15661

H673.17.3 Restricted Group.............................................................................................................................................................................. H15761

H683.18 BANDWIDTH MANAGEMENT.................................................................................................................................................................... H15862

H693.18.1 Ingress Bandwidth Setting................................................................................................................................................................ H15962

H703.18.2 Egress Bandwidth Setting................................................................................................................................................................. H16063

H713.18.3 Storm Setting.................................................................................................................................................................................... H16164

2

H723.19 QOS(QUALITY OF SERVICE) CONFIGURATION.......................................................................................................................................... H16264

H733.19.1 QoS Global Setting........................................................................................................................................................................... H16365

H743.19.2 VIP Port Setting............................................................................................................................................................................... H16466

H753.19.3 802.1p Setting .................................................................................................................................................................................. H16567

H763.19.4 D-Type TOS...................................................................................................................................................................................... H16667

H773.19.5 T-Type TOS....................................................................................................................................................................................... H16768

H783.19.6 R-Type T OS...................................................................................................................................................................................... H16869

H793.19.7 M-Type T OS..................................................................................................................................................................................... H16970

H803.19.8 DSCP Setting.................................................................................................................................................................................... H17071

H813.19.9 Diagnostics ...................................................................................................................................................................................... H17172

H823.19.10 Loopback Test................................................................................................................................................................................... H17272

H833.19.11 Ping.................................................................................................................................................................................................. H17373

H843.20 TFTP SERVER .......................................................................................................................................................................................... H17473

H853.21 LOG.......................................................................................................................................................................................................... H17573

H863.22 FIRMWARE UPGRADE............................................................................................................................................................................... H17674

H873.23 REBOOT ................................................................................................................................................................................................... H17774

H883.24 LOGOUT................................................................................................................................................................................................... H17875

H894. TEXT-BASED USER INTERFACE ........................................................................................................................................................... H17976

H905. SPECIFICATION....................................................................................................................................................................................... H180129

3

1. Introduction

Micronet SP1678A 10/100M Management Switch delivers wire speed performance and rich layer 2
management functions, suitable for high performance workgroups and server applications. With 24
10/100Mbps RJ-45 ports and 2 Gigabit dual media (RJ-45/SFP) ports, it provides a perfect solution for huge
data transmission and preserves the great flexibility of network infrastructure.

1.1 Package Content

Before you start installing the device, verify the following items are in the package:

y SP1678A 10/100M Management Switch
y Quick Installation Guide
y Manual CD
y RS-232 cable
y Mounting accessory
y Power Cord

1.2 Key Features

y Compliant with IEEE802.3 10Base-T, IEEE802.3u 100Base-TX, IEEE802.3ab 1000Base-T, and

IEEE802.3z 1000Base-LX/SX standards

y Support auto-link and auto-negotiation for all RJ-45 ports
y Provide Port 25, 26 Gigabit TP/SFP Fiber auto sense
y Support IEEE 802.3ad port trunking with flexible load distribution and failover function
y Support IEEE802.1q tag-based VLAN, IEEE 802.1q-in-q nested VLAN and 802.1p Class of Service with

4-level priority queuing

y Support port mirroring with 3 mode(TX, RX and TX-RX mode)
y Support ingress and egress per port bandwidth control
y Support spanning tree protocols: 802.1d STP, 802.1w Rapid STP
y Support 802.1x port-based authentication and port security with MAC address
y Support IGMP snooping including active and passive mode
y Support IEEE 802.1x per port network access control
y Support VSM(Virtual stacking management) up to 16 switches
y Support SNMPv1, v2c network management
y Support MIBs: RFC 1213 MIB (MIB-II), RFC 1757 RMON MIB, RFC 1493 Bridge MIB, RFC 1643 Ethernet

MIB, Enterprise MIB

y Support MIBs: Interface MIB, Address Translation MIB, Statistics Group 1, History Group 2, Alarm Group 3,

Event Group 9, IP MIB, ICMP MIB, TCP MIB, UDP MIB, SNMP MIB, FC 1213 MIB (MIB-II), RFC 1757
RMON MIB, RFC 1493 Bridge MIB, RFC 1643 Ethernet MIB, Enterprise MIB

4

1.3 Physical Description

SP1678A front view

RESET Button
It is used to restart the management system only.

LEDSET Button
LEDSET button is used to change the LED display mode

LED Status Operation

System

POWER Green Power is on
CPURUN Green CPU is activity
ACT Green LEDSET set on active mode
FDX Green LEDSET set on full-duplex mode
SPD Green LEDSET set on speed mode

10/100M Fiber port 1~24

Green Connection remote devices is good

Link

Off Connection not good

LEDSET on ACT mode
Blink any traffic is present
LEDSET on FDX mode
Blink any collision is present

ACT/FDX/SPD Amber

LEDSET on SPD mode
Light 100M speed is connection
Off 10M speed is connection

10/100/1000M Gigabit port 25, 26

Green Connection remote device good

LINK

Off Connection not good
Green Fiber ports is active

FB

Off TP port is active

LEDSET on ACT mode
Blink any traffic is present
LEDSET on FDX mode
Blink any collision is present

ACT/FDX/SPD Amber

LEDSET on SPD mode
Light 1000M speed is connection
Off 10/100M speed is connection

5

2. Installation

This switch can be placed directly on your desktop, or mounted in a rack. If you install the device in a
normal-standalone standard, the switch is an Intelligent Switch, and users can immediately use most of the
features simply by attaching the cables and turning the power on.

Before installing the switch, we strongly recommend:

1. The switch is placed with appropriate ventilation environment. A minimum 25mm space around the unit is
recommended.

2. The switch and the relevant components are away from sources of electrical noise such as radios,
transmitters and broadband amplifiers

3. The switch is away from environment beyond recommend moisture

2.1 Installation without the Rack

Install the switch on a level surface that can support the weight of the unit and the relevant components. Plug
the switch with the female end of the provided power cord and plug the male end to the power outlet. Attach
the provided robber feet to the bottom of the switch to keep the switch from slipping. The recommend position
has been square-marked.

2.2 Rack-mount Installation

The switch may standalone, or may be mounted in a standard 19-inch equipment rack. Rack mounting
facilitate to an orderly installation when series of networking devices circumstance needed. The switch is
supplied with rack mounting brackets and screws for rack mounting the unit.

Procedures to Rack-Mounting the Switch in the 19-inch rack:

1. Disconnect all cables from the switch before continuing.

2. Place the unit the right way up on a hard, flat surface with the front facing you.

3. Locate a mounting bracket over the mounting holes on one side of the unit.

4. Insert the screws and fully tighten with a suitable screwdriver.

5. Repeat the two previous steps for the other side of the unit.

6. Insert the unit into the 19" rack and secure with suitable screws.

7. Reconnect all cables.

2.3 Installing Network Cables

Station Connections
Connect each station with proper cables.

Switch-to-Switch Connections
The Gigabit ports provide the fat pipe to the server or backbone for boosting the total system performance.

6

2.4 Installation of SFP module

The switch provides 2 Gigabit dual media ports(TP/SFP). The optional SFP modules are hot swappable, so you
can plug or unplug it before or after powering on.

y Model Description

The switch supports 24 port 10/100M RJ-45 and also 2 Gigabit dual media ports(TP/SFP).

y Cabling Requirements for 1000SX/LX SFP

It is more complex and comprehensive contrast to TP cabling in the fiber media. Basically, there are two

categories of fiber, multi mode (MM) and single mode (SM). The later is categorized into several classes
by the distance it supports. They are SX, LX, LHX, XD, and ZX. From the viewpoint of connector type,
there mainly are LC and BiDi LC.

-- Gigabit Fiber with multi-mode LC SFP module

-- Gigabit Fiber with single-mode LC SFP module

-- Gigabit Fiber with BiDi LC 1310nm SFP module

-- Gigabit Fiber with BiDi LC 1550nm SFP module

y Connecting the SFP Module to the Chassis:

The optional 2-port FE Fiber Modules, Gigabit SFP modules are hot swappable, so you can plug or
unplug it before or after powering on.

1. Verify that the 2-port FE Fiber Module, SFP module is the right model and conforms to the

chassis

2. Slide the module along the slot. Also be sure that the module is properly seated against the slot

socket/connector

3. Install the media cable for network connection

4. Repeat the above steps, as needed, for each module to be installed into slot(s)

5. Have the power ON after the above procedures are done

Model Port 1~ 26 Configuration

SP1678A

24 Port 10/100M RJ-45
2 Gigabit dual media ports--­TP/SFP fiber

M363A

1000BASE-SX mini-GBIC
module

M363B-10

1000BASE-LX mini-GBIC
module, 10KM

7

y Power On

The switch supports 100-240 VAC, 50-60 Hz power supply. The power supply will automatically convert
the local AC power source to DC power. It does not matter whether any connection plugged into the
switch or not when power on, even modules as well. After the power is on, all LED indicators will light up
immediately and then all off except the power LED still keeps on. This represents a reset of the system.

y Firmware Loading

After resetting, the bootloader will load the firmware into the memory. It will take about 30 seconds, after
that, the switch will flash all the LED once and automatically performs self-test and is in ready state.

8

3. Web-based User Interface

3.1 Setting up Connection

This switch can be managed using a standard Web Browser from any computer attached to the network. The
SNMP management feature also permits the switch to be managed from any SNMP network management
station running a network management program. Factory Default value of system is:

IP Address: 192.168.1.1
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway: 192.168.1.254

It supports a simple user management function allowing only one administrator to configure the system
at the same time. If there are two or more users using administrator’s identity, the switch will allow the only one
who logins first to configure the system. The rest of users, even with administrator’s identity, can only monitor
the system. For those who have no administrator’s identity, can only monitor the system. There are only a
maximum of three users able to login simultaneously in the switch. To optimize the display effect, we
recommend you use Microsoft IE 6.0 above, Netscape V7.1 above or FireFox V1.00 above and have the
resolution 1024x768. The switch supported neutral web browser interface.

Login account by default is:

Username: admin Password: admin (read/write)
Username: guest Password: guest (read only)

Here is the whole function tree with web user interface and we will travel it through this chapter.

9

3.2 Web Management Overview

After you login, the switch shows you the system information as a below. This page is default and tells
you the basic information of the system, including “Model Name”, “System Description”, “Location”, “Contact”,
“Device Name”, “System Up Time”, “Current Time”, “BIOS Version”, “Firmware Version”,
“Hardware-Mechanical Version”, “Serial Number”, “Host IP Address”, “Host Mac Address”, “Device Port”,
“RAM Size” and “Flash Size”. With this information, you will know the software version used, MAC address,
serial number, how many ports good and so on. This is helpful while malfunctioning.

On the top side, it shows the front panel of the switch. In the front panel, the linked ports will display green; as
to the ports, which are link off, they will be dark. For the optional modules, the slot will show only a cover plate
if no module exists and will show a module if a module is present. The image of module depends on the one
you inserted. The same, if disconnected, the port will show just dark, if linked, green.

In this device, there are clicking functions on the panel provided for the information of the ports. These are
very convenient functions for browsing the information of a single port. When clicking the port on the front
panel, an information window for the port will be pop out as below. It shows the basic information of the clicked
port. With this, you’ll see the information about the port status, traffic status and bandwidth rating for egress
and ingress respectively.

10

On the left-top corner, there is a pull-down list for Auto Logout. For the sake of security, w e provide auto-logout
function to protect you from illegal user as you are leaving. If you do not choose any selection in Auto Logout
list, it means you turn on the Auto Logout function and the system will be logged out automatically when no
action on the device 3 minutes later. If OFF is chosen, the screen will keep as it is. It is ON by default.

On the left side, the main menu tree for web is listed in the page. They are hierarchical menu. Open the
function folder, a sub-menu will be shown. The functions of each folder are described in its corresponded
section respectively. When clicking it, the function is performed.

3.3 System

3.3.1 System Information

Show the basic system information.

Parameter description:

y Model name: The model name of this device.
y System description: As it is, this tells what this device is. Here, it is “3 Slot 24-Port 10/100+2 Gigabit

L2 Managed Switch”.

y Location: The location where this switch is put. (User-defined).
y Contact: For easily managing and maintaining device, you may write down the contact person and

phone here for getting help soon. You can configure this parameter through the device’s user interface
or SNMP.

y Device name: The name of the switch. (User-defined.)
y System up time: The time accumulated since this switch is powered up. Its format is day , hour, minute,

second.

y Current time: Show the system time of the switch. Its format: day of week, month, day, hours :

minutes : seconds, year. For instance, Fri, Feb 24, 00:56:38, 2006.

y BIOS version: The version of the BIOS in this switch.
y Firmware version: The firmware version in this switch.

11

y Hardware-Mechanical version: The version of Hardware and Mechanical. The figure before the

hyphen is the version of electronic hardware; the one after the hyphen is the version of mechanical.

y Series number: The serial number is assigned by the manufacturer.
y Host IP address: The IP address of the switch.
y Host MAC address: It is the Ethernet MAC address of the management agent in this switch.
y Device Port: Show all types and numbers of the port in the switch.
y RAM size: The size of the DRAM in this switch.
y Flash size: The size of the flash memory in this switch.

3.3.2 IP Configuration

IP configuration is one of the most important configurations in the switch. Without the proper setting, network
manager will not be able to manage or view the device. The switch supports both manual IP address setting
and automatic IP address setting via DHCP server. When IP address is changed, you must reboot the switch
to have the setting taken effect and use the new IP to browse for web management and CLI management.

Parameter description:

y DHCP Setting:

DHCP is the abbreviation of Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. Here DHCP means a switch to turn
ON or OFF the function. The switch supports DHCP client used to get an IP address automatically if
you set this function “Enable”. When enabled, the switch will issue the request to the DHCP server
resided in the network to get an IP address. If DHCP server is down or does not exist, the switch will
issue the request and show IP address is under requesting, until the DHCP server is up. Before getting
an IP address from DHCP server, the device will not continue booting procedures. If set this field
“Disable”, you’ll have to input IP address manually.

y IP address:

Users can configure the IP settings and fill in new values if users set the DHCP function “Disable”.
Then, click <Apply> button to update. When DHCP is disabled, Default: 192.168.1.1. If DHCP is
enabled, this field is filled by DHCP server and will not allow user manually set it any more.

y Subnet mask:

y Default gateway:

Set an IP address for a gateway to handle those packets that do not meet the routing rules predefined
in the device. If a packet does not meet the criteria for other pre-defined path, it must be forwarded to a
default router on a default path. This means any packet with undefined IP address in the routing table
will be sent to this device unconditionally. Default: 192.168.1.254.

y DNS:

It is Domain Name Server used to serve the translation between IP address and name address. The

12

switch supports DNS client function to re-route the mnemonic name address to DNS server to get its
associated IP address for accessing Internet. User can specify a DNS IP address for the switch. With
this, the switch can translate a mnemonic name address into an IP address. There are two ways to
specify the IP address of DNS. One is fixed mode, which manually specifies its IP address, the other is
dynamic mode, which is assigned by DHCP server while DHCP is enabled. DNS can help you easily
remember the mnemonic address name with the meaningful words in it. Default is no assignment of
DNS address. Default: 0.0.0.0

3.3.3 Time Configuration

The switch provides manual and automatic ways to set the system time via NTP. Manual setting is simple and
you just input “Year”, “Month”, “Day”, “Hour”, “Minute” and “Second” within the valid value range indicated in
each item. If you input an invalid value, for example, 61 in minute, the switch will clamp the figure to 59.

NTP is a well-known protocol used to synchronize the clock of the switch system time over a network. NTP, an
internet draft standard formalized in RFC 1305, has been adopted on the system is version 3 protocol. The
switch provides four built-in NTP server IP addresses resided in the Internet and an user-defined NTP server
IP address. The time zone is Greenwich-centered which uses the expression form of GMT+/- xx hours.

Parameter description:

y Current Time: Show the current time of the system.

y Manual:

This is the function to adjust the time manually . Filling the valid figures in the fields of Year, Month, Day,
Hour, Minute and Second respectively and press <Apply> button, time is adjusted. The valid figures for
the parameter Year, Month, Day, Hour, Minute and Second are >=2000, 1-12, 1-31, 0-23, 0-59 and
0-59 respectively. Input the wrong figure and press <Apply> button, the device will reject the time
adjustment request. There is no time zone setting in Manual mode.

y NTP:

NTP is Network Time Protocol and is used to sync the network time based Greenwich Mean Time
(GMT). If use the NTP mode and select a built-in NTP time server or manually specify an user-defined

13

NTP server as well as Time Zone, the switch will sync the time in a short after pressing <Apply> button.
Though it synchronizes the time automatically, NTP does not update the time periodically without
user’s processing.

Time Zone is an offset time off GMT. You have to select the time zone first and then perform time sync
via NTP because the switch will combine this time zone offset and updated NTP time to come out the
local time, otherwise, you will not able to get the correct time. The switch supports configurable time
zone from –12 to +13 steps 1 hour.
Default Time zone: +8 Hrs.

y Daylight Saving:

Daylight saving is adopted in some countries. If set, it will adjust the time lag or in advance in unit of
hours, according to the starting date and the ending date. For example, if you set the day light saving
to be 1 hour. When the time passes over the starting time, the system time will be increased one hour
after one minute at the time since it passed over. And when the time passes over the ending time, the
system time will be decreased one hour after one minute at the time since it passed over.

The switch supports valid configurable day light saving time is –5 ~ +5 step one hour. The zero for this
parameter means it need not have to adjust current time, equivalent to in-act daylight saving. You don’t
have to set the starting/ending date as well. If you set daylight saving to be non-zero, you have to set
the starting/ending date as well; otherwise, the daylight saving function will not be activated.
Default for Daylight Saving: 0.

The following parameters are configurable for the function Daylight Saving and described in detail.

Day Light Saving Start:
This is used to set when to start performing the day light saving time.

Mth:
Range is 1 ~ 12.
Default: 1

Day:
Range is 1 ~ 31.
Default: 1

Hour:
Range is 0 ~ 23.
Default: 0

Day Light Saving End:

This is used to set when to stop performing the daylight saving time.

Mth:

Range is 1 ~ 12.
Default: 1

Day:

Range is 1 ~ 31.
Default: 1

Hour:
Range is 0 ~ 23.
Default: 0

14

3.3.4 Account Configuration

In this function, only administrator can create, modify or delete the username and password. Administrator can
modify other guest identities’ password without confirming the password but it is necessary to modify the
administrator-equivalent identity. Guest-equivalent identity can modify his p assword only. Please note that you
must confirm administrator/guest identity in the field of Authorization in advance before configuring the
username and password. Only one administrator is allowed to exist and unable to be deleted. In addition, up to
5 guest accounts can be created.

The default setting for user account is:
Username: admin
Password: admin

The default setting for guest user account is:

Username : guest
Password: guest

3.3.5 Management Policy

Through the management security configuration, the manager can control the mode via which user access
this switch. According to the mode, users can be classified into two types: Those who are able to connect to
the switch (Accept) and those who are unable to connect to the switch (Deny). Some restrictions also can be
placed on the mode that the user connect to the switch, for example, we can decide that which VLAN VID is
able to be accepted or denied by the switch, the IP range of the user could be accepted or denied by the
switch, the port that the user is allowed or not allowed to connect with the switch, or the way of controlling and
connecting to the switch via Http, Telnet or SNMP.

15

Parameter description:

y Name: A name is composed of any letter (A-Z, a-z) and digit (0-9) with maximal 8 characters.
y VID:

The switch supports two kinds of options for managed valid VLAN VID, including “Any” and “Custom”.
Default is “Any”. When you choose “Custom”, you can fill in VID number. The valid VID range is
1~4094.

y IP Range:

The switch supports two kinds of options for managed valid IP Range, including “Any” and “Custom”.
Default is “Any”. In case that ”Custom” had been chosen, you can assign effective IP range. The valid
range is 0.0.0.0~255.255.255.255.

y Incoming Port:

The switch supports two kinds of options for managed valid Port Range, including “Any” and “Custom”.
Default is “Any”. You can select the ports that you would like them to be worked and restricted in the
management security configuration if ”Custom” had been chosen.

y Access Type:

The switch supports two kinds of options for managed valid Access Type, including “Any” and
“Custom”. Default is “Any”. “Http”, “Telnet” and “SNMP” are three ways for the access and managing
the switch in case that” Custom” had been chosen.

y Action:

The switch supports two kinds of options for managed valid Action T ype, including “Deny” and “Accept”.
Default is “Deny”. When you choose “Deny” action, you will be restricted and refused to manage the
switch due to the “Access Type” you choose. However, while you select “Accept” action, you will have
the authority to manage the switch.

y Edit/Create:

A new entry of Management Security Configuration can be created after the parameters as mentioned
above had been setup and then press <Edit/Create> button. Of course, the existed entry also can be
modified by pressing this button.

y Delete: Remove the existed entry of Management Security Configuration from the management

security table.

3.3.6 Virtual Stack

Virtual Stack Management (VSM) is the group management function. Through the proper configuration of this
function, switches in the same LAN will be grouped automatically. And among these switch, one switch will be
a master machine, and the others in this group will become the slave devices.

VSM offers a simple centralized management function. It is not necessary to remember the address of all
devices; manager is capable of managing the network with knowing the address of the Master machine.
Instead of SNMP or Telnet UI, VSM is only available in Web UI. While one switch becomes the Master, two
rows of buttons for group device will appear on the top of its Web UI. By pressing these buttons, user will be
allowed to connect the Web UI of the devices of the group in the same window without the login of these
devices.

16

Parameter description:

y State: It is used for the activation or de-activation of VSM. Default is Enable.
y Role: The role that the switch would like to play in virtual stack. Two types of roles, including master

and slave are offered for option. Default is Master.

y Group ID: It is the group identifier (GID) which signs for VSM. Valid letters are A-Z, a-z, 0-9, “ - “ and

“_” characters. The maximal length is 15 characters.

The most top-left button is only for Master device. The background color of the button you press will be
changed to represent that the device is under your management.

Note: It will remove the grouping temporarily in case that you login the switch via the console.

The device of the group will be shown as station address (the last number of IP Address) + device name on
the button (e.g. 1_SP1684F), otherwise it will show ” ---- “ if no corresponding device exists.

Once the devices join the group successfully, then they are merely able to be managed via Master device, and
user will fail to manage them via telnet/console/web individually.

Up to 16 devices can be grouped for VSM, however, only one Master is allowed to exist in each group. For
Master redundancy, user may configure more than two devices as Master device; however, the Master device
with the smaller MAC value will be the Master one. All of these 16 devices can become Master device and
back up with each other.

3.4 Port configuration

Four functions, including Port Status, Port Configuration, Simple Counter and Detail Counter are contained in

this function folder for port monitor and management. Each of them will be described in detail orderly in the
following sections.

3.4.1 Status

The function Port Status gathers the information of all ports’ current status and reports it by the order of port
number, link status, port state, Auto-Negotiation status, speed/duplex and flow control. Extra media type
information for the module ports 9 to 24 is also offered. It reports the latest updated status of all ports in this
switch. When any one of the ports in the switch changes its parameter displayed in the page, it will be
automatically refreshed the port current status about every 5 seconds.

17

Parameter description:

y Slot No.:

Display the slot number. The number is 1 – 3.

y Port No:

Display the port number. The number is 1 – 26. Both port 25 and 26 are optional modules.

y Media:

Show the media type adopted in all ports. The Port 25 and Port 26 are optional modules, which
support either fiber or UTP media with either Gigabit Ethernet (1000Mbps) or 10/100Mbps Fast
Ethernet port. They may have different media types and speed. Especially, fiber port has
comprehensive types of connector, distance, fiber mode and so on. The switch describes the module
ports with the following page.

y Link:

Show that if the link on the port is active or not. If the link is connected to a working-well device, the
Link will show the link “Up”; otherwise, it will show “Down”. This is determined by the hardware on both
devices of the connection.
No default value.

y State:

Show that the communication function of the port is “Enabled” or “Disabled”. When it is enabled, traffic
can be transmitted and received via this port. When it is disabled, no traffic can be transferred through
this port. Port State is configured by user.
Default: Enabled.

y Auto Negotiation:

Show the exchange mode of Ethernet MAC. There are two modes supported in the switch. They are
auto-negotiation mode “Enabled” and forced mode “Disabled”. When in “Enabled” mode, this function
will automatically negotiate by hardware itself and exchange each other the capability of speed and
duplex mode with other site which is linked, and comes out the best communication way. When in
“Disabled” mode, both parties must have the same setting of speed and duplex, otherwise, both of
them will not be linked. In this case, the link result is “Down”.

18

Default: Enabled

y Speed / Duplex Mode:

Display the speed and duplex of all port. There are three speeds 10Mbps, 100Mbps and 1000Mbps
supported for TP media, and the duplex supported is half duplex and full duplex. If the media is 1Gbps
fiber, it is 1000Mbps supported only. The status of speed/duplex mode is determined by 1) the
negotiation of both local port and link partner in “Auto Speed” mode or 2) user setting in “Force” mode.
The local port has to be preset its capability.
In port 1 – 24, they are supported Fast Ethernet with TP media only, so the result will show 100M/Full
or 100M/Half, 10M/Full and 10M/Half duplex.
In port 25 and port 26, if the media is 1000Mbps with TP/SFP media, it will show the combinations of
10/100M and Full/Half duplex, 1000Mbps and Full duplex only. If the media is 1000Mbps with fiber
media, it will show only 1000M/Full duplex.
Default: None, depends on the result of the negotiation.

y Rx Pause:

The way that the port adopts to process the PAUSE frame. If it shows “on”, the port will care the
PAUSE frame; otherwise, the port will ignore the PAUSE frame.

Default: None

y Tx Pause:

It decides that whether the port transmits the PAUSE frame or not. If it shows “on”, the port will send
PAUSE frame; otherwise, the port will not send the PAUSE frame.

Default: None

Parameter description of Port 25 and Port 26:

y Connector Type:

Display the connector type, for instance, UTP, SC, ST, LC and so on.

y Fiber Type:

19

Display the fiber mode, for instance, Multi-Mode, Single-Mode.

y Tx Central Wavelength:

Display the fiber optical transmitting central wavelength, for instance, 850nm, 1310nm, 1550nm and so
on.

y Baud Rate:

Display the maximum baud rate of the fiber module supported, for instance, 10M, 100M, 1G and so on.

y Vendor OUI:

Display the Manufacturer's OUI code which is assigned by IEEE.

y Vendor Name:

Display the company name of the module manufacturer.

y Vendor P/N:

Display the product name of the naming by module manufacturer.

y Vendor Rev (Revision):

Display the module revision.

y Vendor SN (Serial Number):

Show the serial number assigned by the manufacturer.

y Date Code:

Show the date this SFP module was made.

y Temperature:

Show the current temperature of SFP module.

y Vcc:

Show the working DC voltage of SFP module.

y Mon1(Bias) mA:

Show the Bias current of SFP module.

y Mon2(TX PWR):

Show the transmit power of SFP module.

y Mon3(RX PWR):

Show the receiver power of SFP module.

3.4.2 Configuration

Port Configuration is applied to change the setting of each port. In this configuration function, you can set/reset
the following functions. All of them are described in detail below.

20

Parameter description:

y State:

Set the communication capability of the port is enabled or disabled. When enabled, traffic can be
transmitted and received via this port. When disabled, the port is blocked and no traffic can be
transferred through this port. Port State is configurable by the user. There are only two states “Enable”
and “Disable” able to choose. If you set a port’s state “Disable”, then that port is prohibited to pass any
traffic, even it looks Link up.
Default: Enable.

y Speed/Duplex:

Set the speed and duplex of the port. In speed, 10/100Mbps baud rate is available for Fast Ethernet,
Gigabit module in port 25, 26. If the media is 1Gbps fiber, it is always 1000Mbps and the duplex is full
only. If the media is TP, the Speed/Duplex is comprised of the combination of speed mode,
10/100/1000Mbps, and duplex mode, full duplex and half duplex. The following table summarized the
function the media supports.

Media type NWay Speed Duplex

100M TP ON/OFF 10/100M Full/Half
1000M TP ON/OFF

10/100/1000M

Full for all, Half for 10/100

1000M Fiber ON/OFF 1000M Full

In Auto-negotiation mode, no default value. In Forced mode, default value depends on your setting.

y Flow Control:

There are two modes to choose in flow control, including Enable and Disable. If flow control is set
Enable, both parties can send PAUSE frame to the transmitting device(s) if the receiving port is too
busy to handle. When it is set Disable, there will be no flow control in the port. It drops the packet if
too much to handle.
Default: Enable.

21

3.4.3 Port Description

Port Description is applied to change the setting of each port. In this configuration function, you can give a
name to each port. All of them are described in detail below.

Fig. 3-12

It is used to set each port’s description. This human readable description can make the port management
easier.

Parameter description:

y Description:

This field can enter up to 47 characters for the port description purpose. Default: <Empty>.

3.4.4 Simple Counter

The function of Simple Counter collects any information and provides the counting about the traffic of the port,
no matter the packet is good or bad. As below, the window can show all ports’ counter information at the same
time. Each data field has 20-digit long. If the counting is overflow, the counter will be reset and rest art counting.
The data is updated every time interval defined by the user. The valid range is 3 to 10 seconds. The Refresh
Interval is used to set the update frequency. Default update time is 3 seconds.

22

Parameter description:

y Tx Byte: Total transmitted bytes.
y Rx Byte: Total received bytes.
y Tx Packet: The counting number of the packet transmitted.
y Rx Packet: The counting number of the packet received.
y Tx Collision: Number of collisions transmitting frames experienced.
y Rx Error Packet: Number of bad packets received.

3.4.5 Detailed Counter

The function of Detail Counter collects any information and provides the counting about the traffic of the port,
no matter the packet is good or bad. As below, the window can show only one port counter information at the
same time. To see another port’s counter, you have to pull down the list of Select, then you will see the figures
displayed about the port you had chosen. Each data field has 12-digit long. If the counting is overflow, the
counter will be reset and restart counting. The data is updated every time interval defined by the user. The
valid range is 3 to 10 seconds. The Refresh Interval is used to set the update frequency . Default update time is
3 seconds.

Parameter description:

y Rx Packets: The counting number of the packet received.
y RX Octets: Total received bytes.
y Rx High Priority Packets: Number of Rx packets classified as high priority.
y Rx Low Priority Packets: Number of Rx packets classified as low priority.
y Rx Broadcast: Show the counting number of the received broadcast packet.
y Rx Multicast: Show the counting number of the received multicast packet.
y Tx Packets: The counting number of the packet transmitted.
y TX Octets: Total transmitted bytes.
y Tx High Priority Packets: Number of Tx packets classified as high priority.
y Tx Low Priority Packets: Number of Tx packets classified as low priority.
y Tx Broadcast: Show the counting number of the transmitted broadcast packet.
y Tx Multicast: Show the counting number of the transmitted multicast packet.
y Rx 64 Bytes: Number of 64-byte frames in good and bad packets received.
y Rx 65-127 Bytes: Number of 65 ~ 126-byte frames in good and bad packets received.

23

y

Rx 128-255 Bytes: Number of 127 ~ 255-byte frames in good and bad packets received.

y

Rx 256-511 Bytes: Number of 256 ~ 511-byte frames in good and bad packets received.

y

Rx 512-1023 Bytes: Number of 512 ~ 1023-byte frames in good and bad packets received.

y

Rx 1024-Bytes: Number of 1024-max_length-byte frames in good and bad packets received.

y

Tx 64 Bytes: Number of 64-byte frames in good and bad packets transmitted.

y

Tx 65-127 Bytes: Number of 65 ~ 126-byte frames in good and bad packets transmitted.

y

Tx 128-255 Bytes: Number of 127 ~ 255-byte frames in good and bad packets transmitted.

y

Tx 256-511 Bytes: Number of 256 ~ 511-byte frames in good and bad packets transmitted.

y

Tx 512-1023 Bytes: Number of 512 ~ 1023-byte frames in good and bad packets transmitted.

y

Tx 1024-Bytes: Number of 1024-max_length-byte frames in good and bad packets transmitted.

y Rx CRC/Alignment: Number of Alignment errors and CRC error packets received.
y

Rx Undersize: Number of short frames (<64 Bytes) with valid CRC.

y

Rx Oversize: Number of long frames(according to max_length register) with valid CRC.

y

Rx Fragments: Number of short frames (< 64 bytes) with invalid CRC.

y

Rx Jabber: Number of long frames(according tomax_length register) with invalid CRC.

y

Rx Drops: Frames dropped due to the lack of receiving buffer.

y

Rx Errors: Number of the error packet received.

y

Tx Collisions: Number of collisions transmitting frames experienced.

y

Tx Drops: Number of frames dropped due to excessive collision, late collision, or frame aging.

y

Tx FIFO Drops: Number of frames dropped due to the lack of transmitting buffer.

3.5 SNMP

This function is used to configure SNMP settings, community name, trap host and public traps as well as the
throttle of SNMP. A SNMP manager must p ass the authentication by identifying both community names, then i t
can access the MIB information of the target device. So, both parties must have the same community name.
Once completing the setting, click <Apply> button, the setting takes effect.

Parameter description:

y

SNMP:

The term SNMP here is used for the activation or de-activation of SNMP. Default is Enable.

y

Get/Set/Trap Community:

24

Community name is used as password for authenticating if the requesting network management unit
belongs to the same community group. If they both don’t have the same community name, they don’t
belong to the same group. Hence, the requesting network management unit can not access the device
with different community name via SNMP protocol; If they both have the same community name, they
can talk each other.

Community name is user-definable with a maximum length of 15 characters and is case sensitive.
There is not allowed to put any blank in the community name string. Any printable character is
allowable.

The community name for each function works independently. Each function has its own community
name. Say, the community name for GET only works for GET function and can’t be applied to other
function such as SET and Trap.

y Default SNMP function : Enable

y Default community name for GET: public

y Default community name for SET: private

y Default community name for Trap: public

y Default Set function : Enable

y Default trap host IP address: 0.0.0.0

y Default port number :162

y Trap:

In the switch, there are four trap hosts supported. Each of them has its own community name and IP
address; is user-definable. To set up a trap host means to create a trap manager by assigning an IP
address to host the trap message. In other words, the trap host is a network management unit with
SNMP manager receiving the trap message from the managed switch with SNMP agent issuing the
trap message. 6 trap hosts can prevent the important trap message from losing.

For each public trap, the switch supports the trap event Cold St art, Warm Start, Link Down, Link Up
and Authentication Failure Trap. They can be enabled or disabled individually. When enabled, the
corresponded trap will actively send a trap message to the trap host when a trap happens. If all public
traps are disabled, no public trap message will be sent. As to the Enterprise (no. 6) trap is classified as
private trap, which are listed in the Trap Alarm Configuration function folder.

Default for all public traps: Enable.

3.6 Loop Detection

Looping will always occur when the switches are connected as a cycle and a switch transmits the packets that
will go back to the transmitted switch. Loop Detection will prevent the looping from happening. Moreover, it
could remove the looping phenomenon per port. In general, you can unplug the cable connection to stop the
looping when a port causes the looping. The switch has powerful Looping Detection capability, which could
cease the looping immediately.

25

Fig. 3-16 Loop Detection

This function will start when you enable looping action by ticking the check box (;) of the Action. That will
create some special packet for looping detection. After enabling looping action, you should decide which port
you would like to open loop detection capability. For example, you open the loop detection of port 1 as enable
state. When the looping situation happens from port 1, Loop Detection will lock the port1’s ability . And then you
will see that the “Current Status” of port 1 shows Locked. In port status function, you can see that the State of
Port Configuration of port 1 is “Disabled”. So the port 1 will lose the essential ability the port could have.
However, “Resume Action” in Loop Detection will remove the looping status. It is very convenient for looping
happening in real networking environment. After any setting you done, please click the <Apply> button to have
the setting taken effect. When looping has already happened, we suggest that the users could choose the
looping port as “Enable” in advance. And then tick the check box (;) of the Action. That will get the better
result for Looping removing.

Parameters description:

y State:

Open the Loop Detection capability per port. The list has “Enable” and “Disable”. Default is “Disable”.

y Current Status:

Show the looping status per port. It could be “Unlocked or Locked”. Default is “Unlocked”. When some
port happens looping, it will show “Locked”

y Resume Action:

Remove the looping status per port. Just tick the check box (;) of the Unlock to open resume action
per port.

y Refresh:

“Refresh” button could appear the instant Current Status of Loop Detection.

26

3.7 DHCP Boot

The DHCP Boot function is used to spread the request broadcast packet into a bigger time frame to prevent
the traffic congestion due to broadcast packets from many network devices which may seek its NMS, boot
server, DHCP server and many connections predefined when the whole building or block lose the power and
then reboot and recover. At this moment, a bunch of switch or other network device on the LAN will try its best
to find the server to get the services or try to set up the predefined links, they will issue many broadcast
packets in the network.

The switch supports a random delay time for DHCP and boot delay for each device. This suppresses the
broadcast storm while all devices are at booting stage in the same time. The maximum user-defined delay
time is 30 sec. If DHCP Broadcasting Suppression function is enabled, the delay time is set randomly, ranging
from 0 to 30 seconds, because the exactly delay time is computed by the switch itself. The default is “Disable”.

3.8 IGMP Snooping

The function, IGMP Snooping, is used to establish the multicast groups to forward the multicast packet to the
member ports, and, in nature, avoids wasting the bandwidth while IP multicast packets are running over the
network. This is because a switch that does not support IGMP or IGMP Snooping can not tell the multicast
packet from the broadcast packet, so it can only treat them all as the broadcast packet. Without IGMP
Snooping, the multicast packet forwarding function is plain and nothing is different from broadcast packet.

A switch supported IGMP Snooping with the functions of query, report and leave, a type of packet exchanged
between IP Multicast Router/Switch and IP Multicast Host, can update the information of the Multicast table
when a member (port) joins or leaves an IP Multicast Destination Address. With this function, once a switch
receives an IP multicast packet, it will forward the packet to the members who joined in a specified IP multicast
group before.

Enabling IGMP with either passive or active mode, you can monitor the IGMP snooping information, which
contains the multicast member list with the multicast groups, VID and member port.

27

Parameter description:

y IGMP snooping mode selection:

The switch supports three kinds of IGMP Snooping status, including “Passive”, “Active” and “Disable”.

Disable:
Set “Disable” mode to disable IGMP Snooping function.
Default: Disable

Active:
In Active mode, IGMP snooping switch will periodically issue the Membership Query message to all
hosts attached to it and gather the Membership report message to update the database of the
Multicast table. By the way, this also reduces the unnecessary multicast traffic.

Passive:
In Passive Snooping mode, the IGMP snooping will not periodically poll the hosts in the groups. The
switch will send a Membership Query message to all hosts only when it has received a Membership
Query message from a router.

y IP Address:

Show all multicast groups IP addresses that are registered on this device.

y VLAN ID:

Show VLAN ID for each multicast group.

y Member Port:

Show member ports that join each multicast group. Member port may be only or more than one.

y Function name:

Allowed Group

y Function description:

28

The Allowed Group function allows the IGMP Snooping to set up the IP multicast table based on user’s
specific conditions. IGMP report packets that meet the items you set up will be joined or formed the
multicast group.

Parameter description:

y IP Range:

The switch supports two kinds of options for managed valid IP range, including “Any” and “Custom”.
Default is “Any”. In case that” Custom” had been chosen, you can assigned effective IP range. The valid
range is 224.0.0.0~239.255.255.255.

y VID:

The switch supports two kinds of options for managed valid VLAN VID, including “Any” and “Custom”.
Default is “Any”. When you choose “Custom”, you can fill in VID number. The valid VID range is 1~4094.

y Port:

The switch supports two kinds of options for managed valid port range, including “Any” and “Custom”.
Default is “Any”. You can select the ports that you would like them to be worked and restricted in the
allowed group configuration if ”Custom” had been chosen

3.9 VLAN

The switch supports Tag-based VLAN (802.1q) and Port-based VLAN. Support 256 active VLANs and VLAN
ID 1~4094. VLAN configuration is used to partition your LAN into small ones as your demand. Properly
configuring it, you can gain not only improving security and increasing performance but greatly reducing VLAN
management.

3.9.1 VLAN Mode

The VLAN Mode Selection function includes two modes: Port-based and Tag- based, you can choose one of
them by pulling down list and pressing the <Downward> arrow key. Then, click <Apply> button, the settings
will take effect immediately.

Parameter description:

29

y Tag-based:

This is the default setting.
Tag-based VLAN ident ifies its member by VID. This is quite different from port-based VLAN. If there

are any more rules in ingress filtering list or egress filtering list, the packet will be screened with more
filtering criteria to determine if it can be forwarded. The switch supports supplement of 802.1q..

Each tag-based VLAN you built up must be assigned VLAN name and VLAN ID. Valid VLAN ID is
1-4094. User can create total up to 256 Tag VLAN groups.

y Port-based:

Port-based VLAN is defined by port. Any packet coming in or outgoing from any one port of a
port-based VLAN will be accepted. No filtering criterion applies in port-based VLAN. The only criterion
is the physical port you connect to. For example, for a port-based VLAN named PVLAN-1 contains
port members Port 1&2&3&4. If you are on the port 1, you can communicate with port 2&3&4. If you
are on the port 5, then you cannot talk to them. Each port-based VLAN you built up must be assigned
a group name. This switch can support up to maximal 26 port-based VLAN groups.

y Symmetric Vlan:

This is a Ingress Rule (Rule 1, The Ingress Filtering Rule 1 is “forward only packets with VID matching
this port’s configured VID”.). For example, if port 1 receives a tagged packet with VID=100 (VLAN
name=VLAN100), and if Symmetric-Vlan function is enabled, the switch will check if port 1 is a
member of VLAN100. If yes, the received packet is forwarded; otherwise, the received packet is
dropped.

Note: If Symmetric is enabled and port 1, for example, receives an untagged packet, the switch will
apply the PVID of port 1 to tag this packet, the packet then will be forwarded. But if the PVID of port 1
is not 100, the packet will be dropped.

y SVL:

While SVL is enable, all VLANs use the same filtering database storing the membership information of
the VLAN to learn or look up the membership information of the VLAN. While SVL is disable, it means
learning mode is IVL. In this mode, different VLAN uses different filtering database storing the
membership information of the VLAN to learn or look up the information of a VLAN member.

y Double Tag:

Double-tag mode belongs to the tag-based mode, however, it would treat all frames as the untagged
ones, which means that tag with PVID will be added into all packets. Then, these packets will be
forwarded as Tag-based VLAN. So, the incoming packets with tag will become the double-tag ones.

30

3.9.2 Tag-based Group

It shows the information of existed Tag-based VLAN Groups. You can also easily create, edit and delete a
Tag-based VLAN group by pressing <Add>, <Edit> and <Delete> function buttons. User can add a new VLAN
group by inputting a new VLAN name and VLAN ID after pressing <Add> button.

Parameter description:

y VLAN Name:

The name defined by administrator is associated with a VLAN group. Valid letters are A-Z, a-z, 0-9, “ ­“ and “_” characters. The maximal length is 15 characters.

y VID:

VLAN identifier. Each tag-based VLAN group has a unique VID. It appears only in tag-based and
Double-tag mode.

y Member:

This is used to enable or disable if a port is a member of the new added VLAN, “Enable” means it is a
member of the VLAN. Just tick the check box beside the port x to enable it.

.

31

y Add Group:

Input the VLAN name, VID and then choose the member by ticking the check box beside the port No.
to create a new Tag-based VLAN. As to the parameter of Un-tag, it stands for an egress rule of the
port. If you tick the check box beside the port No., packets with this VID outgoing from this port will be
untagged. Finally, press the <Apply> button to have the setting taken effect.

y Delete Group:

Just press the <Delete> button to remove the selected group entry from the Tag-based group table.

y Edit a group:

Just select a group entry and press the <Edit> button, then you can modify a group’s description,
member and untag settings.

3.9.3 PVID

In PVID Setting, user can input VID number to each port. The range of VID number is from 1 to 4094. User
also can choose ingress filtering rule (Rule 2) to each port. The Ingress Filtering Rule 2 is “drop untagged
frame”. While Rule 2 is enabled, the port will discard all Untagged-frames.

32

Parameter description:

y Port 1-26:

Port number.

y PVID:

This PVID range will be 1-4094. Before you set a number x as PVID, you have to create a Tag-based
VLAN with VID x. For example, if port x receives an untagged packet, the switch will apply the PVID
(assume as VID y) of port x to tag this packet, the packet then will be forwarded as the tagged packet
with VID y.

y Default Priority:

It bases on 802.1p QoS and affects untagged packets. When the p acket s enter the switch, it would get
the priority precedence according to your Default Priority setting and map to 802.1p priority setting in
QoS function. For example, while you set Default Priority of port 2 with 2 and transmit untagged
packets to port 2, these packets will own priority 2 precedence due to your default 802.1p Priority
Mapping setting in QoS function and be put into Queue 1.

y Drop Untag:

Drop untagged frame. You c an configure a given port to accept all frames (Tagged and Untagged) or
just receive tagged frame. If the former is the case, then the packets with tagged or untagged will be
processed. If the later is the case, only the packets carrying VLAN tag will be processed, the rest
packets will be discarded.

33

3.9.4 Port-based Group

It shows the information of the existed Port-based VLAN Groups. You can easily create, edit and delete a
Port-based VLAN group by pressing <Add>, <Edit> and <Delete> function buttons. User can add a new
VLAN group by inputting a new VLAN name.

Parameter description:

y VLAN Name:

The name defined by administrator is associated with a VLAN group. Valid letters are A-Z, a-z, 0-9, “ ­“ and “_” characters. The maximal length is 15 characters.

y Member:

This is used to enable or disable if a port is a member of the new added VLAN, “Enable” means it is a
member of the VLAN. Just tick the check box beside the port x to enable it.

y Add Group:

Create a new Port-based VLAN. Input the VLAN name and choose the member by ticking the check
box beside the port No., then, press the <Apply> button to have the setting taken effect.

y Delete Group:

Just press the <Delete> button to remove the selected group entry from the Port-based group table.

y Edit a group:

Just select a group entry and press the <Edit> button, then you can modify a group‘s description and
member set.

34

3.9.5 Management VLAN

Management VLAN

Parameter description:

y State:

It works when the tag-based mode is chosen. When this function is enabled, only the tagged packets
with this VID can manage the switch.

y VID:

Valid range 1~4094.

3.10 MAC Table

MAC Table Configuration gathers many functions, including MAC Table Information, MAC Table Maintenance,
Static and MAC Alias, which cannot be categorized to some function type. They are described below.

3.10.1 MAC Table Information

Display the static or dynamic learning MAC entry and the state for the selected port.
Parameter description:

y Port:

Select the port you would like to inquire.

y Search:

Set up the MAC entry you would like to inquire.
The default is ??-??-??-??-??-??

y MAC:

Display the MAC address of one entry you selected from the searched MAC entries table.

y Alias:

Set up the Alias for the selected MAC entry.

y Set Alias:

Save the Alias of MAC entry you set up.

y Search:

35

Find the entry that meets your setup.

y Previous Page:

Move to the previous page.

y Next Page:

Move to the next page.

y Alias:

The Alias of the searched entry.

y MAC Address:

The MAC address of the searched entry.

y Port:

The port that exists in the searched MAC Entry.

y VID:

VLAN Group that MAC Entry exists.

y State:

Display the method that this MAC Entry is built. It may show “Dynamic MAC” or “Static MAC”.

3.10.2 MAC Table Maintenance

This function can allow the user to set up the processing mechanism of MAC Table. An idle MAC address
exceeding MAC Address Age-out Time will be removed from the MAC Table. The range of Age-out Time is
10-1000000 seconds, and the setup of this time will have no effect on static MAC addresses.

In addition, the learning limit of MAC maintenance is able to limit the amount of MAC that each port can learn.
Parameter description:

y Aging Time:

Delete a MAC address idling for a period of time from the MAC Table, which will not affect static MAC
address. Range of MAC Address Aging Time is 10-1000000 seconds. The default Aging Time is 300
seconds.

36

y Learning Limit:

To set up the maximum amount of MAC that each port can learn. Valid value of learning limit for port
1~24 ranges from 0-8191. As to port 25~port 26, only the fixed value “8192” is assigned to these two
ports and user cannot configure this value.

3.10.3 Static Setting

The function of Static is used to configure MAC’s real manners inside of the switch. Three kinds of manners
including static, static with destination drop and static with source drop are contained in this function .

As “static” is chosen, assign a MAC address to a specific port, all of the switch’s traffics sent to this MAC
address will be forwarded to this port.

As “static with destination drop” is chosen, the packet will be dropped if its DA is equal to the value you set up.
Due to this setting belongs to the global one, so, it may affect all ports’ transmission of the packets.

As “static with source drop” is chosen, the packet will be dropped if its SA is equal to the value you set up. Due
to this setting belongs to the global one, so, it may affect all ports’ transmission of the packets.

Parameter description:

y MAC:

It is a six-byte long Ethernet hardware address and usually expressed by hex and separated by

37

hyphens. For example,
00 – 3B- 11 - D6 – 00 - 01

y VID:

VLAN identifier. This will be filled only when tagged VLAN is applied. Valid range is 1 ~ 4094.

y Queue:

Set up the priority( 0~3) for the MAC.

y Forwarding Rule:

** Static:

A MAC address is assigned to a specific port, all of the switch’s traffics sent to this MAC address
will be forwarded to this port.

** Static with Destination Drop:

While the DA of the incoming packets meets the value you set up, these packets will be dropped.

** Static with Source Drop:

While the SA of the incoming packets meets the value you set up, these packets will be dropped.

y Port :

Select the port No. you would like to do setup in the switch. It is 1~26.

MAC Alias

MAC Alias function is used to let you assign MAC address a plain English name. This will help you tell which
MAC address belongs to which user in the illegal access report. At the initial time, it shows all pairs of the
existed alias name and MAC address.

There are three MAC alias functions in this function folder, including MAC Alias Add, MAC Alias Edit and MAC
Alias Delete. You can click <Create/Edit> button to add/modify a new or an existed alias name for a specified
MAC address, or mark an existed entry to delete it. Alias name must be composed of A-Z, a-z and 0-9 only
and has a maximal length of 15 characters.

MAC Alias Create/Edit or Delete

In the MAC Alias function, MAC Alias Add/Edit function is used to let you add or modify an association
between MAC address and a plain English name. User can click <Create/Edit> button to add a new record
with name.

As to MAC Alias Delete function is used to let you remove an alias name to a MAC address. You can select an
existed MAC address or alias name to remove.

38

Parameter description:

y MAC Address:

It is a six-byte long Ethernet hardware address and usually expressed by hex and separated by
hyphens. For example,

00 – 3B - 11 - D6 – 00 - 02

y Alias:

MAC alias name you assign.
Note: If there are too many MAC addresses learned in the table, we recommend you inputting the

MAC address and alias name directly.

39

3.11 GVRP

GVRP is an application based on Generic Attribute Registration Protocol (GARP), mainly used to
automatically and dynamically maintain the group membership information of the VLANs. The GVRP offers
the function providing the VLAN registration service through a GARP application. It makes use of GARP
Information Declaration (GID) to maintain the ports associated with their attribute database and GARP
Information Propagation (GIP) to communicate among switches and end stations. With GID information and
GIP, GVRP state machine maintain the contents of Dynamic VLAN Registration Entries for each VLAN and
propagate these information to other GVRP-aware devices to setup and update their knowledge database, the
set of VLANs associated with currently active members, and through which ports these members can be
reached.

3.11.1 GVRP Config

In the function of GVRP Config, it is used to configure each port’s GVRP operation mode, in which there are
seven parameters needed to be configured described below.

Parameter description:

y GVRP State Setting:

This function is simply to let you enable or disable GVRP function. You can pull down the list and click
the <Downward> arrow key to choose “Enable” or “Disable”. Then, click the <Apply> button, the
system will take effect immediately.

y Join Time:

Used to declare the Join Time in unit of centi-second. Valid time range: 20 –100 centi-second, Default:
20 centi-second.

y Leave Time:

Used to declare the Leave Time in unit of centi-second. Valid time range: 60 –300 centi-second,
Default: 60 cent second.

y Leave All Time:

A time period for announcement that all registered device is going to be de-registered. If someone still
issues a new join, then a registration will be kept in the switch. Valid range: 1000-5000 unit time,

40

Default: 1000 unit time.

y Default Applicant Mode:

The mode here means the type of participant. There are two modes, normal participant and
non-participant, provided for the user’s choice.

y Normal:

It is Normal Participant. In this mode, the switch participates normally in GARP protocol exchanges.
The default setting is Normal.

y Non-Participant:

It is Non-Participant. In this mode, the switch does not send or reply any GARP messages. It just
listens messages and reacts for the received GVRP BPDU.

y Default Registrar Mode:

The mode here means the type of Registrar. There are three types of parameters for registrar
administrative control value, normal registrar, fixed registrar and forbidden registrar, provided for the
user’s choice.

Normal:
It is Normal Registration. The Registrar responds normally to incoming GARP messages. The
default setting is Normal.

Fixed:
It is Registration Fixed. The Registrar ignores all GARP messages, and all members remain in the
registered (IN) state.

Forbidden:
It is Registration Forbidden. The Registrar ignores all GARP messages, and all members remain in
the unregistered (EMPTY) state.

y Restricted Mode:

This function is used to restrict dynamic VLAN be created when this port received GVRP PDU. There
are two modes, disable and enable, provided for the user’s choice.

Disabled:
In this mode, the switch dynamic VLAN will be created when this port received GVRP PDU. The
default setting is Normal.

Enabled:
In this mode, the switch does not create dynamic VLAN when this port received GVRP PDU.
Except received dynamic VLAN message of the GVRP PDU is an existed static VLAN in the switch,
this port will be added into the static VLAN members dynamically.

3.11.2 GVRP Counter

All GVRP counters are mainly divided into Received and Transmitted two categories to let you monitor the
GVRP actions. Actually, they are GARP packets.

41

Parameter description:

y Received:

Total GVRP Packets:

Total GVRP BPDU is received by the GVRP application.

Invalid GVRP Packets:

Number of invalid GARP BPDU is received by the GARP application.

LeaveAll Message Packets:

Number of GARP BPDU with Leave All message is received by the GARP application.

JoinEmpty Message Packets:

Number of GARP BPDU with Join Empty message is received by the GARP application.

JoinIn Message Packets:

Number of GARP BPDU with Join In message is received by the GARP application.

LeaveEmpty Message Packets:

Number of GARP BPDU with Leave Empty message is received by the GARP application.

Empty Message Packets:

Number of GARP BPDU with Empty message is received by the GARP application.

y Transmitted:

Total GVRP Packets:

Total GARP BPDU is transmitted by the GVRP application.

Invalid GVRP Packets:

Number of invalid GARP BPDU is transmitted by the GVRP application.

LeaveAll Message Packets:

Number of GARP BPDU with Leave All message is transmitted by the GARP application.

JoinEmpty Message Packets:

Number of GARP BPDU with Join Empty message is transmitted by the GARP application.

JoinIn Message Packets:

Number of GARP BPDU with Join In message is transmitted by the GARP application.

LeaveEmpty Message Packets:

Number of GARP BPDU with Leave Empty message is transmitted by the GARP application.

Empty Message Packets:

Number of GARP BPDU with Empty message is transmitted by the GARP application.

42

3.11.3 Group

It shows the dynamic group member and their information.

Parameter description:

y VID:

VLAN identifier. When GVRP group creates, each dynamic VLAN group owns its VID. Valid range is 1
~ 4094.

y Member Port:

Those are the members belonging to the same dynamic VLAN group.

y Edit Administrative Control:

When you create GVRP group, you can use Administrative Control function to change Applicant Mode
and Registrar Mode of GVRP group member.

y Refresh:

Refresh function can help you to see current GVRP group status.

3.12 STP

The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is a standardized method (IEEE 802.1D) for avoiding loops in switched
networks. When STP is enabled, ensure that only one path is active between any two nodes on the network at
a time. User can enable Spanning Tree Protocol on switch’s web management and then set up other
advanced items. We recommend that you enable STP on all switches to ensure a single active path on the
network.

3.12.1 Status

In the Spanning Tree Status, user can read 12 parameters to know STP current status. The 12 parameters’
description is listed in the following table.

43

Parameter description:

y STP State:

Show the current STP Enabled / Disabled status. Default is “Disabled”.

y Bridge ID:

Show switch’s bridge ID which stands for the MAC address of this switch.

y Bridge Priority:

Show this switch’s current bridge priority setting. Default is 32768.

y Designated Root:

Show root bridge ID of this network segment. If this switch is a root bridge, the “Designated Root” will
show this switch’s bridge ID.

y Designated Priority:

Show the current root bridge priority.

y Root Port:

Show port number connected to root bridge with the lowest path cost.

y Root Path Cost:

Show the path cost between the root port and the designated port of the root bridge.

y Current Max. Age:

Show the current root bridge maximum age time. Maximum age time is used to monitor if STP
topology needs to change. When a bridge does not receive a hello message from root bridge until the
maximum age time is counted down to 0, the bridge will treat the root bridge malfunctioned and issue a
Topology Change Notif ication (TCN) BPDU to all other bridges. All bridges in the LAN will re-learn and
determine which the root bridge is. Maximum Age time is assigned by Root Bridge in unit of seconds.
Default is 20 seconds.

y Current Forward Delay:

Show the current root bridge forward delay time. The value of Forward Delay time is set by root. The
Forward Delay time is defined as the time spent from Listening state moved to Learning state or from
Learning state moved to Forwarding state of a port in bridge.

y Hello Time:

Show the current hello time of the root bridge. Hello time is a time interval specified by root bridge,
used to request all other bridges periodically sending hello message every “hello time” seconds to the
bridge attached to its designated port.

y STP Topology Change Count:

STP Topology Change Count expresses the time spent in unit of seconds since the beginning of the
Spanning Tree Topology Change to the end of the STP convergence. Once the STP change is
converged, the Topology Change count will be reset to 0. The figures showing in the screen may not
be the exact time it spent but very close to, because the time is eclipsing.

y Time Since Last Topology Change:

Time since Last Topology Change is the accumulated time in unit of seconds the STP has been since
the last STP Topology Change was made. When Topology Change is initiated again, this counter will
be reset to 0. And it will also count again once STP topology Change is completed.

44

3.12.2 STP Configuration

User can set the following Spanning Tree parameters to control STP function enable/disable, select mode

RSTP/STP and affect STP state machine behavior to send BPDU in this switch. The default setting of
Spanning Tree Protocol is “Disable”.

Parameter description:

y Spanning Tree Protocol:

Set 802.1W Rapid STP function Enable / Disable. Default is “Disable”

y Bridge Priority:

The lower the bridge priority is, the higher priority it has. Usually, the bridge with the highest bridge
priority is the root. If you want to have the 24 Gigabit L2 managed switch as root bridge, you can set
this value lower than that of bridge in the LAN. The valid value is 0 ~ 61440. The default is 32768.

y Hello Time:

Hello Time is used to determine the periodic time to send normal BPDU from designated ports among
bridges. It decides how long a bridge should send this message to other bridge to tell I am alive. When
the 24 Gigabit L2 managed switch is the root bridge of the LAN, for example, all other bridges will use
the hello time assigned by this switch to communicate with each other. The valid value is 1 ~ 10 in unit
of second.
Default is 2 seconds.

y Max. Age:

When the 24 Gigabit L2 managed switch is the root bridge, the whole LAN will apply this figure set by
this switch as their maximum age time. When a bridge received a BPDU originated from the root
bridge and if the message age conveyed in the BPDU exceeds the Max. Age of the root bridge, the
bridge will treat the root bridge malfunctioned and issue a Topology Change Notification (TCN) BPDU
to all other bridges. All bridges in the LAN will re-calculate and determine who the root bridge is. The
valid value of Max. Age is 6 ~ 40 seconds. Default is 20 seconds.

y Forward Delay:

You can set the root bridge forward delay time. This figure is set by root bridge only. The forward delay
time is defined as the time spent from Listening state moved to Learning state and also from Learning
state moved to Forwarding state of a port in bridge. The forward delay time contains two states,
Listening state to Learning state and Learning state to Forwarding state. It assumes that forward delay
time is 15 seconds, then total forward delay time will be 30 seconds. This has much to do with the STP
convergent time which will be more than 30 seconds because some other factors.

45

The valid value is 4 ~ 30 seconds, default is 15 seconds.

y Force Version:

Two options are offered for the user’s choosing STP algorithm. One is RSTP and the other is STP. If
STP is chosen, RSTP will run as a legacy STP. The switch supports RSTP (802.1w) which is backward
compatible with STP (802.1d).

3.12.3 STP Port Configuration

In the STP Port Setting, one item selection and five parameters settings are offered for user’s setup. User can
disable and enable each port by selecting each Port Status item. User also can set “Path Cost” and “Priority” of
each port by filling in the desired value and set “Admin Edge Port” and “Admin Point To Point” by selecting the
desired item.

Parameter description:

y Port Status:

It displays the current state of a port. We cannot manually set it because it displays the status only.
There are three possible states. (according to 802.1w specification)

　 DISCARDING state:

It indicates that this port can neither forward packets nor contribute learning knowledge.

Notice: Three other states (Disable state, BLOCKING state and LISTENING state) defined in the

802.1d specification are now all represented as DISCARDING state.

　 LEARNING state:

It indicates this port can now contribute its learning knowledge but cannot forward packets still.

　 FORWARDING state:

It indicates this port can both contribute its learning knowledge and forward packets normally.

y Path Cost Status:

It is the contribution value of the path through this port to Root Bridge. STP algorithm determines a
best path to Root Bridge by calculating the sum of path cost contributed by all ports on this path. A port
with a smaller path cost value would become the Root Port more possibly.

46

y Configured Path Cost:

The range is 0 - 200,000,000. In the switch, if path cost is set to be zero, the STP will get the
recommended value resulted from auto-negotiation of the link accordingly and display this value in the
field of Path Cost Status. Otherwise, it may show the value that the administrator set up in Configured
Path Cost and Path Cost Status.

802.1w RSTP recommended value: (Valid range: 1 - 200,000,000)

10 Mbps: 2,000,000

100 Mbps: 200,000

1000 Mbps: 20,000

y Priority:

Priority here means Port Priority . Port Priority and Port Number are mixed to form the Port ID. Port IDs
are often compared in order to determine which port of a bridge would become the Root Port. The
range is 0 – 240.
Default is 128.

y Admin Edge Port:

If user selects “Yes”, this port will be an edge port. An Edge Port is a port connected to a device that
knows nothing about STP or RSTP. Usually, the connected device is an end station. Edge Ports will
immediately transit to forwarding state and skip the listening and learning state because the edge ports
cannot create bridging loops in the network. This will expedite the convergence. When the link on the
edge port toggles, the STP topology keeps unchanged. Unlike the designate port or root port though,
an edge port will transit to a normal spanning-tree port immediately if it receives a BPDU.
Default: No

y Admin Point To Point:

We say a port is a point-to-point link, from RSTP’s view, if it is in full-duplex mode but is shared link if it
is in half-duplex mode. RSTP fast convergence can only happen on point-to-point links and on edge
ports. This can expedite the convergence because this will have the port fast transited to forwarding
state.
There are three parameters, Auto, True and False, used to configure the type of the point-to-point link.
If configure this parameter to be Auto, it means RSTP will use the duplex mode resulted from the
auto-negotiation. In today’s switched networks, most links are running in full-duplex mode. For sure,
the result may be half-duplex, in this case, the port will not fast transit to Forwarding state. If it is set as
True, the port is treated as point-to-point link by RSTP and unconditionally transited to Forwarding
state. If it is set as False, fast transition to Forwarding state will not happen on this port.
Default: Auto

y M Check:

Migration Check. It forces the port sending out an RSTP BPDU instead of a legacy STP BPDU at the
next transmission. The only benefit of this operation is to make the port quickly get back to act as an
RSTP port. Click <M Check> button to send a RSTP BPDU from the port you specified.

y Configured Path Cost:

47

3.13 Trunk

The Port Trunk Configuration is used to configure the settings of Link Aggregation. You can bundle more than
one port with the same speed, full duplex and the same MAC to be a single logical port, thus the logical port
aggregates the bandwidth of these ports. This means you can apply your current Ethernet equipments to build
the bandwidth aggregation. For example, if there are three Fast Ethernet ports aggregated in a logical port,
then this logical port has bandwidth three times as high as a single Fast Ethernet port has.

The switch supports two kinds of port trunk methods:
LACP

Ports using Link Aggregation Control Protocol (according to IEEE 802.3ad specification) as their trunk method
can choose their unique LACP GroupID (1~3) to form a logic “trunked port”. The benefit of using LACP is that
a port makes an agreement with its peer port before it becomes a ready member of a “trunk group” (also called
aggregator). LACP is safer than the other trunk method - static trunk.

The switch LACP does not support the followings:

y Link Aggregation across switches
y Aggregation with non-IEEE 802.3 MAC link
y Operating in half-duplex mode
y Aggregate the ports with different data rates

Static Trunk
Ports using Static Trunk as their trunk method can choose their unique Static GroupID (also 1~3, this Static
groupID can be the same with another LACP groupID) to form a logic “trunked port”. The benefit of using St atic
Trunk method is that a port can immediately become a member of a trunk group without any handshaking with
its peer port. This is also a disadvantage because the peer ports of your static trunk group may not know that
they should be aggregate together to form a “logic trunked port”. Using Static Trunk on both end of a link is
strongly recommended. Please also note that low speed links will stay in “not ready” state when using static
trunk to aggregate with high speed links.

As to system restrictions about the port aggregation function on the switch. In the management point of view,
the switch supports maximum 3 trunk groups for LACP and additional 3 trunk groups for Static Trunk. But in
the system capability view, only 8 “real trunked” groups are supported. An LACP trunk group with more than
one ready member-ports is a “real trunked” group. An LACP trunk group with only one or less than one ready
member-ports is not a “real trunked” group. Any Static trunk group is a “real trunked” group.

Per Trunk Group supports a maximum of 4 ready member-ports. Please note that some decisions will
automatically be made by the system while you are configuring your trunk ports. Some configuration examples
are listed below:

y Rule1: Maximum 3 groups are allowed
y Rule 2: The members of each group cannot exceed more than 4 ports
y Rule 3: Group 1 and 2 cannot exist member 25 and 26 port
y Rule 4: Group 3 cannot exist member from 1 to 24 port

48

3.13.1 Trunk Port Setting/Status

Port setting/status is used to configure the trunk property of each and every port in the switch system.

Parameter description:

y Method:

This determines the method a port uses to aggregate with other ports.

None:
A port does not want to aggregate with any other port should choose this default setting.

LACP:
A port use LACP as its trunk method to get aggregated with other ports also using LACP.

Static:

A port use Static Trunk as its trunk method to get aggregated with other ports also using Static
Trunk.

y Group:

Ports choosing the same trunk method other than “None” must be assigned a unique Group number
(i.e. Group ID, valid value is from 1 to 3) in order to declare that they wish to aggregate with each other.

y Active LACP:

This field is only referenced when a port’s trunk method is LACP.

Active:
An Active LACP port begins to send LACPDU to its link partner right after the LACP protocol entity
started to take control of this port.

Passive:
A Passive LACP port will not actively send LACPDU out before it receives an LACPDU from its link
partner.

y Aggtr:

Aggtr is an abbreviation of “aggregator”. Every port is also an aggregator, and its own aggregator ID is
the same as its own Port No. We can regard an aggregator as a representative of a trunk group. Ports
with same Group ID and using same trunk method will have the opportunity to aggregate to a
particular aggregator port. This aggregator port is usually the port with the smallest Port No. within the

49

trunk group.

y Status:

This field represents the trunk status of a port which uses a trunk method other than “None”. It also
represents the management link status of a port which uses the “None” trunk method. “---“ means “not
ready”

3.13.2 Aggregation View

To display the current port trunk information from the aggregator point of view.

Parameter description:

y Aggregator:

It shows the aggregator ID (from 1 to 24) of every port. In fact, every port is also an aggregator, and its
own aggregator ID is the same as its own Port No.

y Method:

Show the method a port uses to aggregate with other ports.

y Member Ports:

Show all member ports of an aggregator (port).

y Ready Ports:

Show only the ready member ports within an aggregator (port).

Parameter description:

y Actor:

The switch you are watching on.

y Partner:

The peer system from this aggregator’s view.

y System Priority:

Show the System Priority part of a system ID.

50

y MAC Address:

Show the MAC Address part of a system ID.

y Port:

Show the port number part of an LACP port ID.

y Key:

Show the key value of the aggregator. The key value is determined by the LACP protocol entity and
can’t be set through management.

y Trunk Status:

Show the trunk status of a single member port.”---“ means “not ready”

3.13.3 LACP System Priority

It is used to set the priority part of the LACP system ID. LACP will only aggregate together the ports whose
peer link partners are all on a single system. Each system supports LACP will be assigned a globally unique
System Identifier for this purpose. A system ID is a 64-bit field comprising a 48-bit MAC Address and 16-bit
priority value. The System Priority can be set by the user. Its range is from 1 to 65535. Default: 32768.

3.14 802.1x Configuration

802.1x port-based access control provides a method to restrict users to access network resources via
authenticating user’s information. This restricts users from gaining access to the network resources through a

802.1x-enabled port without authentication. If a user wishes to touch the network through a port under 802.1x
control, he (she) must firstly input his (her) account name for authentication and waits for gaining authorization
before sending or receiving any packets from a 802.1x-enabled port.

Before the devices or end stations can access the network resources through the ports under 802.1x control,
the devices or end stations connected to a controlled port send the authentication request to the authenticator,
the authenticator pass the request to the authentication server to authenticate and verify, and the server tell
the authenticator if the request get the grant of authorization for the ports.

According to IEEE802.1x, there are three components implemented. They are Authenticator, Supplicant and
Authentication server shown below.

51

Supplicant:

It is an entity being authenticated by an authenticator. It is used to communicate with the Authenticator PAE
(Port Access Entity) by exchanging the authentication message when the Authenticator PAE request to it.

Authenticator:

An entity facilitates the authentication of the supplicant entity. It controls the state of the port, authorized or
unauthorized, according to the result of authentication message exchanged between it and a supplicant
PAE. The authenticator may request the supplicant to re-authenticate itself at a configured time period.
Once start re-authenticating the supplicant, the controlled port keeps in the authorized state until
re-authentication fails.

A port acting as an authenticator is thought to be two logical ports, a controlled port and an uncontrolled port.
A controlled port can only pass the packets when the authenticator PAE is authorized, and otherwise, an
uncontrolled port will unconditionally pass the packets with PAE group MAC address, which has the value of
01-80-c2-00-00-03 and will not be forwarded by MAC bridge, at any time.

Authentication server:

A device provides authentication service, through EAP, to an authenticator by using authentication
credentials supplied by the supplicant to determine if the supplicant is authorized to access the network
resource.

When Supplicant PAE issues a request to Authenticator PAE, Authenticator and Supplicant exchanges
authentication message. Then, Authenticator passes the request to RADIUS server to verify. Finally,
RADIUS server replies if the request is granted or denied.

While in the authentication process, the message packets, encapsulated by Extensible Authentication
Protocol over LAN (EAPOL), are exchanged between an authenticator PAE and a supplicant PAE. The
Authenticator exchanges the message to authentication server using EAP encapsulation. Before
successfully authenticating, the supplicant can only touch the authenticator to perform authentication
message exchange or access the network from the uncontrolled port.

52

The figure as above shows the procedure of 802.1x authentication. There are steps for the login based on

802.1x port access control management. The protocol used in the right side is EAPOL and the left side is EAP.

1. At the initial stage, the supplicant A is unauthenticated and a port on switch acting as an
authenticator is in unauthorized state. So the access is blocked in this stage.

2. Initiating a session. Either authenticator or supplicant can initiate the message exchange. If
supplicant initiates the process, it sends EAPOL-start packet to the authenticator PAE and
authenticator will immediately respond EAP-Request/Identity packet.

3. The authenticator always periodically sends EAP-Request/Identity to the supplicant for requesting
the identity it wants to be authenticated.

4. If the authenticator doesn’t send EAP-Request/Identity, the supplicant will initiate EAPOL-Start the
process by sending to the authenticator.

5. And next, the Supplicant replies an EAP-Response/Identity to the authenticator. The authenticator
will embed the user ID into Radius-Access-Request command and send it to the authentication
server for confirming its identity.

6. After receiving the Radius-Access-Request, the authentication server sends
Radius-Access-Challenge to the supplicant for asking for inputting user password via the
authenticator PAE.

7. The supplicant will convert user password into the credential information, perhaps, in MD5 format
and replies an EAP-Response with this credential information as well as the specified
authentication algorithm (MD5 or OTP) to Authentication server via the authenticator PAE. As per
the value of the type field in message PDU, the authentication server knows which algorithm
should be applied to authenticate the credential information, EAP-MD5 (Message Digest 5) or
EAP-OTP (One Time Password) or other else algorithm.

8. If user ID and password is correct, the authentication server will send a Radius-Access-Accept to
the authenticator. If not correct, the authentication server will send a Radius-Access-Reject.

9. When the authenticator PAE receives a Radius-Access-Accept, it will send an EAP-Success to the
supplicant. At this time, the supplicant is authorized and the port connected to the supplicant and
under 802.1x control is in the authorized state. The supplicant and other devices connected to this
port can access the network. If the authenticator receives a Radius-Access-Reject, it will send an
EAP-Failure to the supplicant. This means the supplicant is failed to authenticate. The port it

53

connected is in the unauthorized state, the supplicant and the devices connected to this port won’t
be allowed to access the network.

10. When the supplicant issue an EAP-Logoff message to Authentication server, the port you are using
is set to be unauthorized.

Only MultiHost 802.1X is the type of authentication supported in the switch. In this mode, for the devices
connected to this port, once a supplicant is authorized, the devices connected to this port can access the
network resource through this port.

802.1x Port-based Network Access Control function supported by the switch is little bit complex, for it just
support basic Multihost mode, which can distinguish the device’s MAC address and VID. The following table is
the summary of the combination of the authentication status and the port status versus the status of port mode,
set in 802.1x Port mode, port control state, set in 802.1x port setting. Here Entry Authorized means MAC entry
is authorized.

Port Mode Port Control Authentication Port Status

Disable Don’t Care Don’t Care Port Uncontrolled
Multihost Auto Successful Port Authorized
Multihost Auto Failure Port Unauthorized
Multihost Force Unauthorized Don’t Care Port Unauthorized
Multihost Force Authorized Don’t Care Port Authorized

3.14.1 Status

This function is used to configure the global parameters for RADIUS authentication in 802.1x port security
application.

Parameter description:

y Radius Server:

RADIUS server IP address for authentication.
Default: 192.168.1.1

y Port Number:

The port number to communicate with RADIUS server for the authentication service. The valid value
ranges 1-65535.
Default port number is 1812.

y Secret Key:

The secret key between authentication server and authenticator. It is a string with the length 1 – 31
characters. The character string may contain upper case, lower case and 0-9. It is character sense. It
is not allowed for putting a blank between any two characters.

54

Default: Radius

3.14.2 Mode

Set the operation mode of 802.1X for each port. In this device, it supports only Multi-host operation mode.

Parameter description:

y Port Number:

Indicate which port is selected to configure the 802.1x operation mode.

y 802.1x Mode:

802.1x operation mode. There are two options, including Disable and Multi-host mode. Default is
Disable.

Disable:
It will have the chosen port acting as a plain port, that means no 802.1x port access control working
on the port.

802.1x with Multi-host:
In Multi-host mode, for the devices connected to this port, once a supplicant is authorized, the
devices connected to this port can access the network resource through this port.

3.14.3 Security

Shows each port status and configure the parameters for each port in 802.1x port security application. In
Multihost mode, it shows the port number and its status, authorized or unauthorized.

55

Parameter description:

y Disable Mode:

When selecting Disable mode for a port in the function 802.1X Port Mode Configuration, the port is in
the uncontrolled port state and does not apply 802.1X authenticator on it. Any node attached on this
port can access the network without the admittance of 802.1X authenticator. The Port Status will show
the following screen.

y Port Number:

The port number to be chosen to show its 802.1X Port Status. The valid number is Port 1 – 24.

y Port Status:

The current 802.1X status of the port. In Disable mode, this field is Disabled.

y 802.1x with Multihost mode:

When selecting 802.1x with Multihost mode for a port in the function 802.1X Port Mode Configuration,
Devices can access the network through this port once the authenticator is authorized. The Port Status
will show the following screen. If the port is granted to access the network, the port status is authorized,
otherwise, unauthorized.

3.14.4 Param. Setting

This function is used to configure the parameters for each port in 802.1x port security application. Refer to the
following parameters description for details.

Parameter description:

y Port:

It is the port number to be selected for configuring its associated 802.1x parameters which are Port
control, reAuthMax, txPeriod, Quiet Period, reAuthEnabled, reAuthPeriod, max. Request,
suppTimeout, serverTimeout and Controlled direction.

y Port Control:

This is used to set the operation mode of authorization. There are three type of operation mode
supported, Force Unauthorized, Force Authorized, Auto.

Force Unauthorized:
The controlled port is forced to hold in the unauthorized state.

Force Authorized:

56

The controlled port is forced to hold in the authorized state.
Auto:

The controlled port is set to be in authorized state or unauthorized state depends on the result of
the authentication exchange between the authentication server and the supplicant.

Default: Auto

y reAuthMax(1-10):

The number of authentication attempt that is permitted before the port becomes unauthorized.
Default: 2

y txPeriod(1-65535 s):

A time period to transmitted EAPOL PDU between the authenticator and the supplicant.
Default: 30

y Quiet Period(0-65535 s):

A period of time during which we will not attempt to access the supplicant.
Deafult: 60 seconds

y reAuthEnabled:

Choose whether regular authentication will take place in this port.
Default: ON

y reAuthPeriod(1-65535 s):

A non-zero number seconds between the periodic re-authentication of the supplicant.
Default: 3600

y max. Request(1-10):

The maximum of number times that the authenticator will retransmit an EAP Request to the supplicant
before it times out the authentication session. The valid range: 1 – 10.

Default: 2 times

y suppTimeout(1-65535 s):

A timeout condition in the exchange between the authenticator and the supplicant. The valid range:
1 –65535.

Default: 30 seconds.

y serverTimeout(1-65535 s):

A timeout condition in the exchange between the authenticator and the authentication server. The valid
range: 1 –65535.

Default: 30 seconds

57

3.15 Alarm

3.15.1 Event

The Trap Events Configuration function is used to enable the switch to send out the trap information while
pre-defined trap events occurred. The switch offers 24 different trap events to users for switch management.
The trap information can be sent out in three ways, including email, mobile phone SMS (short message
system) and trap. The message will be sent while users tick (;) the trap event individually on the web page
shown as below.

Parameter description:
These trap functions are as they describe. The special one is Module Swap. It means that when the switch

detects a module with the different module ID to be inserted, the switch treats it as Module swapped. The traps
that the switch supports are listed below.

y STP: STP Topology Change, STP Disabled, STP Enabled
y LACP: LACP Disabled, LACP Enabled, LACP Member Added, LACP Port Failure
y GVRP: GVRP Disabled, GVRP Enabled
y VLAN: VLAN Disabled, Port-based VLAN Enable, Tag-based VLAN, Enable, Metro-mode VLAN

Enabled, Double-tag VLAN Enabled

y Module Swap: SEP Inserted, SEP Removed, Dual-media Swapped
y Trap: Cold Start, Warm Start, Link Down, Link Up, Authentication Failure, User login, User logout

3.15.2 Email/SMS

Alarm configuration is used to configure the persons who should receive the alarm message via either email or
SMS, or both. It depends on your settings. An email address or a mobile phone number has to be set in the
web page of alarm configuration. Then, user can read the trap information from the email or the mobile phone.
This function provides 6 email addresses and 6 mobile phone numbers at most. The 24 different trap events
will be sent out to SNMP Manager when trap event occurs. After ticking trap events, you can fill in your desired
email addresses and mobile phone numbers. Then, please click <Apply> button to complete the alarm
configuration. It will take effect in a few seconds.

58

Note: SMS may not work in your mobile phone system. It is customized for different systems.

Parameter description:

y Email:

y Mail Server: the IP address of the server transferring your email.
y Username: your username on the mail server.
y Password: your password on the mail server.
y Email Address 1 – 6: Email address that would like to receive the alarm message.

y SMS:

y SMS Server: the IP address of the server transferring your SMS.
y Username: your username in ISP.
y Password: your username in ISP.
y Mobile Phone 1-6: the mobile phone number that would like to receive the alarm message.

3.16 Configuration

The switch supports three copies of configuration, including the default configuration, working configuration
and user configuration for your configuration management. All of them are listed and described below
respectively.

59

y Default Configuration:

This is the ex-factory setting and cannot be altered.

y Working Configuration:

It is the configuration you are using currently and can be changed any time. The configurations you are
using are saved into this configuration file. This is updated each time as you press <Apply> button.

y User Configuration:

It is the configuration file for the specified or backup purposes and can be updated while having
confirmed the configuration. You can retrieve it by performing Restore User Configuration.

3.16.1 Save/Restore

Parameter description:

y Save Start: Save the current configuration as a start configuration file in flash memory.
y Save User: Save the current configuration as a user configuration file in flash memory.
y Restore Default/Default IP address: Retrieve the ex-factory setting, including default IP address, to

replace the start configuration.

y Restore Default: Retrieve the ex-factory setting, without changing current default IP address, to

replace the start configuration.

y Restore User: Retrieve the previous confirmed working configuration stored in the flash memory to

update start configuration. When completing to restore the configuration, the system’s start
configuration is updated and will be changed its system settings after rebooting the system.

3.16.2 Config File

User can back up or reload the config files of Save As Start or Save As User via TFTP.

60

Parameter description:

y Export File Path:

y Export Start: Export Save As Start’s config file stored in the flash.
y Export User-Conf: Export Save As User’s config file stored in the flash.

y Import File Path:

y Import Start: Import Save As Start’s config file stored in the flash.
y Import User-Conf: Import Save As User’s config file stored in the flash.

3.17 Security

3.17.1 Mirror Configuration

Mirror Configuration is to monitor the traffic of the network. For example, we assume that Port A and Port B are
Monitoring Port and Monitored Port respectively, thus, the traffic received by Port B will be copied to Port A for
monitoring.

Parameter description:

y Mode: Used for the activation or de-activation of Port Mirror function. Default is disable.
y Monitoring Port: Set up the port for monitoring. Valid port is Port 1~26 and default is Port 1.
y Monitored Ingress Port: Set up the port for being monitored. It only monitor the packets received by

the port you set up. Just tick the check box (;) beside the port x and valid port is Port 1~26.

61

y Monitored Egress Port: Set up the port for being monitored. It only monitor the packets transmitted by

the port you set up. Just tick the check box (;) beside the port x and valid port is Port 1~26.

3.17.2 Isolated Group

Isolated Group function can let the port be independent of other ports in the Isolated group, and the
communication is also forbidden between these ports. But, the ports of the Isolated group are still able to
communicate with the ports of the non-Isolated group. With this design, it will be helpful to the administrator to
immediately find and solve the port that results in the occurrence of looping problems in the network.

Parameter description:

y Mode: Used for the activation or de-activation of Isolated Group function. Default is disable
y Isolated Group: User can choose any port to be the member of this group. Just tick the check box (;)

beside the port x and valid port is Port 1~26. In this group, all of these member ports cannot forward
packets with each other. Thus, the switch will not be capable of forwarding any packets in case its all
ports become the members of the Isolated group.

3.17.3 Restricted Group

The function of the Restricted Group can decide the direction of transmitting packets for the specific port. The
packets received by the port with the “Ingress” mode of Restricted Group will be sent to the ports with the
“Egress” mode of Restricted Group.

Parameter description:

y Mode: Used for the activation or de-activation of Restricted Group function. Default is disable.
y Ingress: Select the ports that you would like their Restricted Group to set into “Ingress” mode. Just

tick the check box beside the port x and valid port is Port 1~26.

y Egress: Select the ports that you would like their Restricted Group to set into “Egress” mode. Just tick

the check box beside the port x and valid port is Port 1~26.

62

3.18 Bandwidth Management

3.18.1 Ingress Bandwidth Setting

Ingress Bandwidth setting function is used to set up the limit of Ingress bandwidth for each port.

Parameter description:

y Port No.:

Choose the port that you would like this function to work on it. Valid range of the port is 1~26.

y Rate:

Set up the limit of Ingress bandwidth for the port you choose. Incoming traffic will be discarded if the
rate exceeds the value you set up in Data Rate field. Pause frames are also generated if flow control is
enabled. The format of the packet limits to unicast, broadcast and multicast. Valid value of Port 1~24
ranges from 66~102400, and Port 25~26 ranges from 66~1024000 with the minimum unit of 1. Default
value of Port 1~24 is 102400 and Port 25~26 is 1024000.

63

3.18.2 Egress Bandwidth Setting

Egress Bandwidth Setting function is used to set up the limit of Egress bandwidth for each port.

Parameter description:

y Port No.:

Choose the port that you would like this function to work on it. Valid range of the port is 1~26.

y Rate:

Set up the limit of Egress bandwidth for the port you choose. Packet transmission will be delayed if the
rate exceeds the value you set up in Data Rate field. Traffic may be lost if egress buffers run full. The
format of the packet limits to unicast, broadcast and multicast. Valid value of Port 1~24 ranges from
66~102400, and Port 25~26 ranges from 66~1024000 with the minimum unit of 1. Default value of Port
1~24 is 102400 and Port 25~26 is 1024000.

64

3.18.3 Storm Setting

Bandwidth Management function is used to set up the limit of Ingress and Egress bandwidth for each port.

Parameter description:

y Storm Type:

Disable:

Disable the function of the bandwidth storm control.

y Broadcast Storm Control:

Enable the function of bandwidth storm control for broadcast packets.

y Multicast Storm Control:

Enable the function of bandwidth storm control for multicast packets.

y Unknown Unicast Storm Control:

Enable the function of bandwidth storm control for unknown unicast packets. These packets are the
MAC address that had not completed the learning process yet.

y Broadcast, Multicast, and Unknown Unicast Storm Control:

Enable the function of bandwidth storm control for all packets in transmission.

y Storm Rate :

Set up the limit of bandwidth for storm type you choose. Valid value of the storm rate ranges from
1-100 with the minimum unit of 1. And only integer is acceptable. Default is 100.

3.19 QoS(Quality of Service) Configuration

The switch supports 5 kinds of QoS, are as follows, MAC Priority, 802.1p Priority, IP TOS Priority, and DiffServ
DSCP Priority. Port Based Priority has a special name called VIP Port in the switch. Any packets enter VIP
Port will have highest transmitting priority. MAC Priority act on the destination address of MAC in packets.
VLAN tagged Priority field is effected by 802.1p Priority setting. IP TOS Priority af fects TOS fields of IP header,
and you can find it has 8-bit SERVICE TYPE field that specifies how the datagram should be handled. The
field could be divided into six subfields as follows, PRECEDENCE (3 bits), D-Type (Delay Priority, 1 bit ),
T-Type (Throughput Priority, 1bit), R-Type (Reliability Priority, 1bit ), M-Type (Monetary Cost Priority, 1bit ), and
UNUSED (1bit ).

User can randomly control these fields to achieve some special QoS goals. When bits D, T, R, or M set, the D
bit requests low delay, the T bit requests high throughput, the R bit requests high reliability, and the M bit
requests low cost.

65

DiffServ DSCP Priority act on DSCP field of IP Header. In the late 1990s, the IETF redefined the meaning of
the 8-bit SERVICE TYPE field to accommodate a set of differentiated services (DS). Under the differentiated
services interpretation, the first six bits comprise a codepoint, which is sometimes abbreviated DSCP, and the
last two bits are left unused.

High Priority Packet streams will experience less delay into the switch. For handing different priority packets,
each egress port has designed up to 4 queues. Each QoS is influenced by two scheduling, WRR (Weighted
Round Robin) and Strict Priority as well. When you finish to set the priority mapping to the queue, WRR
scheduling will distribute the bandwidth according to the weight you set for 4 queues (queue 0 to queue 3).
Another scheduling is Strict Priority dedicated for the function named VIP Port of QoS. While we select some
ports as the VIP Port, these ports will own the highest transmitting priority in egress queue of the switch.

The QoS functions as we mentioned above are able to enabled at the same time. But, the following
precedence will decide whether these functions work or not.

1. enable both VIP and TOS
Choose priorities of VIP and TOS.

2. enable both VIP and DSCP
Choose priorities of VIP and DSCP.

3. enable both TOS and DSCP
Choose "DSCP".

4. enable both VIP and DSCP
Choose priorities of VIP and DSCP.

5. enable both 802.1p and TOS
Choose "TOS".

6. enable both 802.1p and DSCP
Choose "DSCP".

7. enable both 802.1p and DSCP and TOS
Choose "DSCP".

8. enable both 802.1p and DSCP and TOS and VIP
Choose priorities of VIP and DSCP.
** VIP/DSCP > TOS > 802.1p (Final result)

3.19.1 QoS Global Setting

When you want to use QoS function, please enable QoS Mode in advance. Then you can use MAC Priority,

802.1p Priority, IP TOS Priority, DiffServ DSCP Priority, or VIP Port functions and take effect. In this function,
you can Enable QoS Mode. Choose any of Priority Control, such as 802.1p, TOS, DSCP. Moreover, you can
select Scheduling Method of WRR (Weighted Round Robin) or Strict Priority. Next, you can arrange Weight
values for queue 0 to queue 3.

Parameter description:

y QoS Mode:

66

You can Enable QoS Mode and let QoS function become effective. Default is Disable.

y Priority Control:

Just tick the check box (;) of 802.1P, TOS, or DSCP Qos and click Apply button to be in operation.

y Scheduling Method:

There are two Scheduling Method, WRR and Strict Priority. Default is WRR. After you choose any of
Scheduling Method, please click Apply button to be in operation.

y Weight (1~55):

Over here, you can make an arrangement to Weight values of Queue 0 to Queue 3. The range of Weight
you can set is 1~55. In default, the weight of Queue 0 is 1, the weight of Queue 1 is 2, the weight of Queue
2 is 4, and the weight of Queue 3 is 8.

3.19.2 VIP Port Setting

When the port is set as VIP Port, the packets enter this port and will have highest transmitting priority. For
example, as you choose port 2 is VIP Port, simultaneously transmit packets from port 2 and port 3 to port 3 at
speed of 100MB and let congestion happen. The packets for port 3 will be dropped because the packets from
port 2 owns highest precedence. For the sake of this function taking effect, you must choose Scheduling
Method of Strict Priority ahead.

Parameter description:

y VIP Port:

Just tick the check box (;) to select any port( port 1~26) as the VIP Port. Then, click the <Apply> button
to have the setting taken effect.

67

3.19.3 802.1p Setting

This function will affect the priority of VLAN tag. Based on priority of VLAN tag, it can arrange 0~8 priorities,
priorities can map to 4 queues of the switch (queue 0~3) and possess different bandwidth distribution
according to your weight setting.

Parameter description:

y 802.1p Priority Mapping:

Each Priority can select any of Queue 0 ~ Queue 3. In Default, Priority 0 is mapping to Queue 0, Priority 1
is mapping to Queue 0, Priority 2 is mapping to Queue 1, Priority 3 is mapping to Queue 1, Priority 4 is
mapping to Queue 2, Priority 5 is mapping to Queue 2, Priority 6 is mapping to Queue 3, and Priority 0 is
mapping to Queue 3.

3.19.4 D-Type TOS

IP TOS Priority affect TOS fields of IP header , you can fi nd it has 8-bit SERVICE TYPE field that specifies how
the datagram should be handled. The field could be divided into six subfields as follows, PRECEDENCE (3
bits), D-Type (Delay Priority, 1 bit ), T-Type (Throughput Priority, 1bit), R-Type (Reliability Priority, 1bit ),
M-Type (Monetary Cost Priority, 1bit ), and UNUSED. PRECEDENCE 3-bits can arrange 8 kinds of priorities
corresponding to the 0~7 priority in the following priority diagram. TOS Delay Priority Mapping works while
D-TYPE in TOS field of IP header of the packets received by the switch is configured.

68

Parameter description:

y TOS Delay Priority Mapping:

Each Priority can select any of Queue 0 ~ Queue 3. In Default, Priority 0 is mapping to Queue 0, Priority 1
is mapping to Queue 0, Priority 2 is mapping to Queue 1, Priority 3 is mapping to Queue 1, Priority 4 is
mapping to Queue 2, Priority 5 is mapping to Queue 2, Priority 6 is mapping to Queue 3, and Priority 0 is
mapping to Queue 3.

3.19.5 T-T ype TOS

IP TOS Priority affect TOS fields of IP header , you can fi nd it has 8-bit SERVICE TYPE field that specifies how
the datagram should be handled. The field could be divided into six subfields as follows, PRECEDENCE (3
bits), D-Type (Delay Priority, 1 bit ), T-Type (Throughput Priority, 1bit), R-Type (Reliability Priority, 1bit ),
M-Type (Monetary Cost Priority, 1bit ), and UNUSED. PRECEDENCE 3-bits can arrange 8 kinds of priorities
corresponding to the 0~7 priority in the following priority diagram. TOS Throughput Priority Mapping works
while T-TYPE in TOS field of IP header of the packets received by the switch is configured.

Parameter description:

y TOS Throughput Priority Mapping:

69

Each Priority can select any of Queue 0 ~ Queue 3. In Default, Priority 0 is mapping to Queue 0, Priority 1
is mapping to Queue 0, Priority 2 is mapping to Queue 1, Priority 3 is mapping to Queue 1, Priority 4 is
mapping to Queue 2, Priority 5 is mapping to Queue 2, Priority 6 is mapping to Queue 3, and Priority 0 is
mapping to Queue 3.

3.19.6 R-Type TOS

IP TOS Priority affect TOS fields of IP header , you can fi nd it has 8-bit SERVICE TYPE field that specifies how
the datagram should be handled. The field could be divided into six subfields as follows, PRECEDENCE (3
bits), D-Type (Delay Priority, 1 bit ), T-Type (Throughput Priority, 1bit), R-Type (Reliability Priority, 1bit ),
M-Type (Monetary Cost Priority, 1bit ), and UNUSED. PRECEDENCE 3-bits can arrange 8 kinds of priorities
corresponding to the 0~7 priority in the following priority diagram. TOS Reliability Priority Mapping works while
R-TYPE in TOS field of IP header of the packets received by the switch is configured.

Parameter description:

y TOS Reliability Priority Mapping:

Each Priority can select any of Queue 0 ~ Queue 3. In Default, Priority 0 is mapping to Queue 0, Priority 1
is mapping to Queue 0, Priority 2 is mapping to Queue 1, Priority 3 is mapping to Queue 1, Priority 4 is
mapping to Queue 2, Priority 5 is mapping to Queue 2, Priority 6 is mapping to Queue 3, and Priority 0 is
mapping to Queue 3.

70

3.19.7 M-Type TOS

IP TOS Priority affect TOS fields of IP header , you can fi nd it has 8-bit SERVICE TYPE field that specifies how
the datagram should be handled. The field could be divided into six subfields as follows, PRECEDENCE (3
bits), D-Type (Delay Priority, 1 bit ), T-Type (Throughput Priority, 1bit), R-Type (Reliability Priority, 1bit ),
M-Type (Monetary Cost Priority, 1bit ), and UNUSED. PRECEDENCE 3-bits can arrange 8 kinds of priorities
corresponding to the 0~7 priority in the following priority diagram. TOS Monetary Cost Priority Mapping works
while M-TYPE in TOS field of IP header of the packets received by the switch is configured.

Parameter description:

y TOS Monetary Cost Priority Mapping:

Each Priority can select any of Queue 0 ~ Queue 3. In Default, Priority 0 is mapping to Queue 0, Priority 1
is mapping to Queue 0, Priority 2 is mapping to Queue 1, Priority 3 is mapping to Queue 1, Priority 4 is
mapping to Queue 2, Priority 5 is mapping to Queue 2, Priority 6 is mapping to Queue 3, and Priority 0 is
mapping to Queue 3.

71

3.19.8 DSCP Setting

In the late 1990s, the IETF redefined the meaning of the 8-bit SERVICE TYPE field to accommodate a set of
differentiated services (DS). Under the differentiated services interpretation, the first six bits comprise a
codepoint, which is sometimes abbreviated DSCP, and the last two bits are left unused.

DSCP can form total 64 (0~63) kinds of Traffic Class based on the arrangement of 6-bit field in DSCP of the IP
packet. In the switch, user is allowed to set up these 64 kinds of Class that belong to any of queue 0~3.

Parameter description:

y DSCP Priority Mapping:

64 kinds of priority traffic as mentioned above, user can set up any of Queue 0~3. In default, Priority 0~15
are mapping to Queue 0, Priority 16~31 are mapping to Queue 1, Priority 32~47 are mapping to Queue 0,
Priority 48~63 are mapping to Queue 0.

72

Diagnostics

Three functions, including Diagnostics, Loopback Test and Ping Test are contained in this function folder for
device self-diagnostics. Each of them will be described in detail orderly in the following sections.

3.19.9 Diagnostics

Diagnostics function provides a set of basic system diagnosis. It let users know that whether the system is
health or needs to be fixed. The basic system check includes EEPROM test, UART test, DRAM test and Flash
test.

3.19.10 Loopback Test

In the Loopback Test function, there are two different loopback tests. One is Internal Loopback Test and the
other is External Loopback Test. The former test function will not send the test signal outside the switch box.
The test signal only wraps around in the switch box. As to the latter test function, it will send the test signal to
its link partner. If you do not have them connected to active network devices, i.e. the ports are link down, the
switch will report the port numbers failed. If they all are ok, it just shows OK.

Note: Whatever you choose Internal Loopback Test or External Loopback Test, these two functions will
interfere with the normal system working, and all packets in sending and receiving also will stop temporarily.

73

3.19.11 Ping

Ping Test function is a tool for detecting if the target device is alive or not through ICMP protocol which
abounds with report messages. The switch provides Ping Test function to let you know that if the target device
is available or not. You can simply fill in a known IP address and then click <Ping> button. After a few seconds
later, the switch will report you the pinged device is alive or dead in the field of Ping Result.

3.20 TFTP Server

Specify the IP address where the TFTP server locates. Fill in the IP address of your TFTP server, then press
<Apply> button to have the setting taken effect.

3.21 Log

This function shows the log data. The switch provides system log data for users. There are 19 private trap logs,
5 public trap logs. It displays the log items including all SNMP Private Trap events, SNMP Public traps and
user logs occurred in the system. In the report table, No., Time and Events are three fields contained in each
trap record. The switch supports total 120 log entries. For more details on log items, please refer to the section
of Trap/Alarm Configuration and SNMP Configuration.

Parameter description:

y No.: Display the order number that the trap happened.
y Time: Display the time that the trap happened.
y Events: Display the trap event name.

74

y Auto Upload Enable: Switch the enabled or disabled status of the auto upload function.
y Upload Log: Upload log data through tftp.
y Clear Log: Clear log data.

3.22 Firmware Upgrade

The switch supports TFTP upgrade tool for upgrading software. If you assure to upgrade software to a newer
version one, you must follow two procedures:

1. Specifying the IP address where TFTP server locates. In this field, the IP address of your TFTP server
should be filled in.

2. Specifying what the filename and where the file is. You must specify full path and filename.

Once you press <Upgrade> button, the switch will prompt the screen for you to reconfirm. Then, the switch
starts downloading software from TFTP server if you choose <OK> button. It will be just back to “Software
Upgrade” if you choose <Cancel> button.

If your download is not successful, the switch will also be back to “Software Upgrade”, and it will not upgrade
the software as well.

When download is completed, the switch starts upgrading software. A reboot message will be prompted after
completing upgrading software. At this time, you must reboot the switch to have new software worked.

Note: Software upgrade is hazardous if power is off. You must do it carefully.

3.23 Reboot

We offer you many ways to reboot the switch, including power up, hardware reset and software reset. You can
press the RESET button in the front panel to reset the switch. After upgrading software, changing IP
configuration or changing VLAN mode configuration, then you must reboot to have the new configuration
taken effect. Here, Reboot takes the same effect as the RESET button on the front panel of the switch. It will
take around thirty (30) seconds to complete the system boot.

75

3.24 Logout

The switch allows you to logout the system to prevent other users from the system without the permission. If
you do not logout and exit the browser, the switch will automatically have you logout. Besides this manually
logout and implicit logout, you can pull down the <Auto Logout> list at the left-top corner to explicitly ON/OFF
this logout function.

76

4. Text-based User Interface

4.1 Setup the Connection

Out-of-band Connection (Console)
To activate console port connection, attach a RS-232 cable (Straight-through) to the serial port of a PC running

a terminal emulation program and configure the program as follows:

Baud rate: 57600
Parity: None
Data bit: 8
Stop bit: 1
Flow control: None

Press “Enter” key to begin login screen. Enter the username and password to login the management console.

The command-line interface (CLI) is a text-based interface. User can access the CLI through either a
direct serial connection to the device or a Telnet session. The default values of the managed switch are listed
below:

Username: admin
Password: admin

After you login successfully, the prompt will be shown as “#“ if you are the first login person and your
authorization is administrator; otherwise it may show “$“. See the following two figures. The former means you
behave as an administrator and have the access right of the system. As to the latter , it means you behave as a
guest and are only allowed to view the system without the permission to do any setting for this switch.

To see the commands of the mode, please input “?” after the prompt, then all commands will be listed in the
screen. All commands can be divided into two categories, including global commands and local commands.
Global commands can be used wherever the mode you are. They are “exit”, “end”, “help”, “history”, “logout”,
“save start”, “save user”, “restore default” and “restore user”.

77

Command instructions reside in the corresponding modes are local commands. The same command with the
same command name may occur but perform totally different function in different modes. For example, “show”
in IP mode performs displaying the IP information; however, it performs displaying the system information in
system mode.

4.2 Global Command

4.2.1 end

Syntax: end
Description: Back to the top mode.

When you enter this command, your current position would move to the top mode. If you use this command in
the top mode, you are still in the position of the top mode.

Argument: None.
Possible value: None.
Example:

FEL2SW-26# alarm
FEL2SW-26 (alarm)# events
FEL2SW-26 (alarm-events)# end
FEL2SW-26#

4.2.2 exit

Syntax: exit

78

Description: Back to the previous mode.
When you enter this command, your current position would move back to the previous mode. If you use this
command in the top mode, you are still in the position of the top mode.

Argument: None.
Possible value: None.
Example:

FEL2SW-26# trunk
FEL2SW-26 (trunk)# exit
FEL2SW-26#

4.2.3 help

Syntax: help
Description: To show available commands.

Some commands are the combination of more than two words. When you enter this command, the CLI would
show the complete commands. Besides, the command would help you classify the commands between the
local commands and the global ones.

Argument: None.
Possible value: None.
Example:

FEL2SW-26# ip
FEL2SW-26 (ip)# help
Commands available:

------------<< Local commands >>-----------­ set ip Set ip,subnet mask and gateway
set dns Set dns
enable dhcp Enable DHCP, and set dns auto or manual
disable dhcp Disable DHCP
show Show IP Configuration

------------<< Global commands >>-----------­ exit Back to the previous mode
end Back to the top mode
help Show available commands
history Show a list of previously run commands
logout Logout the system
save start Save as start config
save user Save as user config
restore default Restore default config
restore user Restore user config

4.2.4 history

Syntax: history [#]
Description: To show a list of previous commands that you had ever run.

When you enter this command, the CLI would show a list of commands which you had typed before. The CLI
supports up to 256 records. If no argument is typed, the CLI would list total records up to 256. If optional
argument is given, the CLI would only show the last numbers of records, given by the argument.

Argument: [#]: show last number of history records (optional).
Possible value: [#]: 1, 2, 3, …., 256
Example:

FEL2SW-26 (ip)# history

79

Command history:

0. trunk

1. exit

2. FEL2SW-26# trunk

3. FEL2SW-26 (trunk)# exit

4. FEL2SW-26#

5. ?

6. trunk

7. exit

8. alarm

9. events

10. end

11. ip

12. help

13. ip

14. history
FEL2SW-26(ip)# history 3
Command history:

13. ip

14. history

15. history 3

4.2.5 restore user

Syntax: restore user
Description:

To restore the startup configuration as user defined c onfiguration. If restoring default successfully, the CLI
would prompt if reboot immediately or not. If you press Y or y, the system would reboot immediately; others
would back to the CLI system. After restoring user-defined configuration, all the changes in the startup
configuration would be lost. After rebooting, the entire startup configuration would replace as user defined one.

Argument: None
Possible value: None
Example:

FEL2SW-26# restore user
Restoring ...
Restore User Configuration Successfully
Press any key to reboot system.

4.2.6 save start

Syntax: save start
Description:

To save the current configuration as the start one. When you enter this command, the CLI would save your
current configuration into the non-volatile FLASH. If you want the configuration still works after rebooting, save
the configuration using the command ‘save stat’.

Argument: None.
Possible value: None.
Example:

FEL2SW-26# save start
Saving start...
Save Successfully

80

4.2.7 save user

Syntax: save user
Description:

To save the current configuration as the user-defined conf iguration. When you enter this command, the CLI
would save your current configuration into the non-volatile FLASH as user-defined configuration.

Argument: None.
Possible value: None.
Example:

FEL2SW-26# save user
Saving user...
Save Successfully

4.3 Local Command

4.3.1 802.1x

set max-request

Syntax: set max-request <port-range> <times>
Description:

The maximum number of times that the state machine will retransmit an EAP Request packet to the
Supplicant before it times out the authentication session.
Argument:
<port range> : syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<times>: max-times , range 1-10

Possible value:

<port range> : 1 to 24
<times>: 1-10, default is 2

Example:

FEL2SW-26(802.1x)# set max-request 2 2

set mode

Syntax: set mode <port-range> <mode>
Description: To set up the 802.1X authentication mode of each port.
Argument:

<port range> : syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<mode>: set up 802.1x mode

0:disable the 802.1x function
1:set 802.1x to Multi-host mode

Possible value:

<port range> : 1 to 24
<mode>: 0 or 1

Example:

FEL2SW-26(802.1x)# set mode 2 1

FEL2SW-26(802.1x)#

set port-control

Syntax: set port-control <port-range> <authorized>

81

Description: To set up 802.1X status of each port.
Argument:

<port range> : syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<authorized> : Set up the status of each port

0:ForceUnauthorized
1:ForceAuthorized
2:Auto

Possible value:

<port range> : 1 to 24
<authorized> : 0, 1 or 2

Example:

FEL2SW-26(802.1x)# set port-control 2 2

set quiet-period

Syntax:
set quiet-period <port-range> <sec>
Description:
A timer used by the Authenticator state machine to define periods of time during when it will not attempt to
acquire a Supplicant.
Argument:
<port range> : syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<sec> : timer , range 0-65535

Possible value:

<port range> : 1 to 24
<sec> : 0-65535, default is 60

Example:

FEL2SW-26(802.1x)# set quiet-period 2 30

set reAuthEnabled

Syntax: set reAuthEnabled <port-range> <ebl>
Description: A constant that define whether regular reauthentication will take place on this port.
Argument:

<port range> : syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<ebl> :

0:OFF Disable reauthentication
1:ON Enable reauthentication

Possible value:

<port range> : 1 to 24
<ebl> : 0 or 1, default is 1

Example:

FEL2SW-26(802.1x)# set reAuthEnabled 2 1

set reAuthMax

Syntax: set reAuthMax <port-range> <max>
Description: The number of reauthentication attempts that are permitted before the port becomes

Unauthorized.
Argument:
<port range> : syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<max> : max. value , range 1-10

82

Possible value:

<port range> : 1 to 24
<max> : 1-10, default is 2

Example:

FEL2SW-26(802.1x)# set reAuthMax 2 2

set reAuthPeriod

Syntax: set reAuthPeriod <port-range> <sec>
Description: A constant that defines a nonzero number of seconds between periodic reauthentication of

the supplicant.
Argument:
<port range> : syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<sec> : timer , range 1-65535

Possible value:

<port range> : 1 to 24
<sec> : 1-65535, default is 3600

Example:

FEL2SW-26(802.1x)# set reAuthPeriod 2 3600

set serverTimeout

Syntax: set serverTimeout <port-range> <sec>
Description:

A timer used by the Backend Authentication state machine in order to determine timeout conditions in the
exchanges between the Authenticator and the Supplicant or Authentication Server. The initial value of this
timer is either suppTimeout or serverTimeout, as determined by the operation of the Backend
Authentication state machine.
Argument:
<port range> : syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<sec> : timer , range 1-65535

Possible value:

<port range> : 1 to 24
<sec> : 1-65535, default is 30

Example:

FEL2SW-26(802.1x)# set serverTimeout 2 30

set state

Syntax: set state <ip> <port-number> <secret-key>
Description: To configure the settings related with 802.1X Radius Server.
Argument:

<ip> : the IP address of Radius Server
<port-number> : the service port of Radius Server(Authorization port)
<secret-key>: set up the value of secret-key, and the length of secret-key is from 1 to 31

Possible value: <port-number> : 1~65535, default is 1812
Example:

FEL2SW-26(802.1x)# set state 192.168.1.115 1812 WinRadius

set suppTimeout

Syntax: set suppTimeout <port-range> <sec>
Description:

83

A timer used by the Backend Authentication state machine in order to determine timeout conditions in the
exchanges between the Authenticator and the Supplicant or Authentication Server. The initial value of this
timer is either suppTimeout or serverTimeout, as determined by the operation of the Backend
Authentication state machine.
Argument:
<port range> : syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<sec> : timer , range 1-65535

Possible value:

<port range> : 1 to 24
<sec> : 1-65535, default is 30

Example:

FEL2SW-26(802.1x)# set suppTimeout 2 30

set txPeriod

Syntax: set txPeriod <port-range> <sec>
Description: A timer used by the Authenticator PAE state machine to determine when an EAPOL PDU is

to be transmitted
Argument:
<port range> : syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<sec> : timer , range 1-65535

Possible value:

<port range> : 1 to 24
<sec> : 1-65535, default is 30

Example:

FEL2SW-26(802.1x)# set txPeriod 2 30

show mode

Syntax: show mode
Description: To display the mode of each port.
Argument: None
Possible value: None
Example:

FEL2SW-26(802.1x)# show mode
Port Mode
====== ============
1 Disable
2 Multi-host
3 Disable
4 Disable
5 Disable
6 Disable
:
:
:

show parameter

Syntax: show parameter
Description: To display the parameter settings of each port.
Argument: None
Possible value: None
Example:

FEL2SW-26(802.1x)# show parameter

84

port 1) port control : Auto
reAuthMax : 2
txPeriod : 30
Quiet Period : 60
reAuthEnabled : ON
reAuthPeriod : 3600
max. Request : 2
suppTimeout : 30
serverTimeout : 30
port 2) port control : Auto
reAuthMax : 2
txPeriod : 30
Quiet Period : 60
reAuthEnabled : ON
reAuthPeriod : 3600
max. Request : 2
suppTimeout : 30
serverTimeout : 30
:
:
:

show security

Syntax: show security
Description: To display the authentication status of each port.
Argument: None
Possible value: None
Example:

FEL2SW-26(802.1x)# show security
Port Mode Status
====== ============ ==============
1 Disable
2 Multi-host Unauthorized
3 Disable
4 Disable
5 Disable
6 Disable
:
:

show state

Syntax: show state
Description: Show the Radius server configuration
Argument: None
Possible value: None
Example:

FEL2SW-26(802.1x)# show state
Radius Server: 192.168.1.115
Port Number : 1812
Secret Key : WinRadius

4.3.2 account

add

Syntax: add <name>

85

Description: To create a new guest user. When you create a new guest user, you must type in password
and confirm password.

Argument: <name>: new account name
Possible value: A string must be at least 5 character.
Example:

FEL2SW-26(account)# add aaaaa
Password:
Confirm Password:
Save Successfully
FEL2SW-26(account)#

del

Syntax: del <name>
Description: To delete an existing account.
Argument: <name> : existing user account
Possible value: None.
Example:

FEL2SW-26(account)# del aaaaa
Account aaaaa deleted

modify

Syntax: modify <name>
Description: To change the username and password of an existing account.
Argument: <name> : existing user account
Possible value: None.
Example:

FEL2SW-26(account)# modify aaaaa
username/password: the length is from 5 to 15.
Current username (aaaaa):bbbbb
New password:
Confirm password:
Username changed successfully.
Password changed successfully.

show

Syntax: show
Description: To show system count, including account name and identity.
Argument: None.
Possible value: None.
Example:

FEL2SW-26(account)# show
Account Name Identity

----------------- --------------­ admin Administrator
guest guest

4.3.3 alarm

<<email>>

del

86

Syntax: del <#>
Description: The Del here is used to remove the configuration of E-mail address.
Argument: <#>: email address number, range: 1 to 6
Possible value: <#>: 1 to 6
Example:

FEL2SW-26(alarm-email)# del 2

set

Syntax:
set server <ip>
set user <username>
set mail-address <#> <mail address>
Description: The Set here is used for the configuration of e-mail server, username, password and
address.
Argument:
<ip>: E-mail server ip
<username>: email server account and password
<#>: email address number, range: 1 to 6
<mail address>: email address

Possible value: <#>: 1 to 6
Example:

FEL2SW-26(alarm-email)# set server 192.168.1.6
FEL2SW-26(alarm-email)# set user admin
Password:
Confirm Password:
FEL2SW-26(alarm-email)# set mail-address 1 [e-mail]

show

Syntax: show
Description: The Show here is used to display the configuration of e-mail trap event.
Argument: None.
Possible value: None.
Example:

FEL2SW-26(alarm-email)# show
Mail Server : 192.168.1.6
Username : admin
Password : ****************
Email Address 1: [e-mail]
Email Address 2:
Email Address 3:
Email Address 4:
Email Address 5:
Email Address 6:

<<events>>

del

Syntax:
del sms <range>
del email <range>
del trap <range>
del all <range>

87

Description: The Del here is used for the de-activation of sms, email and trap event.
Argument: <range>:trap number.
Possible value: available from 1 to 24.
Example:

FEL2SW-26(alarm-events)# del sms 1-3
FEL2SW-26(alarm-events)# del email 1-3
FEL2SW-26(alarm-events)# del trap 1-3
FEL2SW-26(alarm-events)# del all 1-3

set

Syntax:
set sms <range>
set email <range>
set trap <range>
set all <range>

Description: The Set here is used for the activation of sms, email and trap event.
Argument: <range>: syntax 1,5-7, trap number.
Possible value: available from 1 to 24.
Example:

FEL2SW-26(alarm-events)# set sms 1-3
FEL2SW-26(alarm-events)# set email 1-3
FEL2SW-26(alarm-events)# set trap 1-3
FEL2SW-26(alarm-events)# set all 1-3

show

Syntax: show
Description: The Show here is used to display the configuration of alarm event.
Argument: None.
Possible value: None.
Example:

FEL2SW-26(alarm-events)# show
Events Email SMS Trap

----------------------------------------­1 Cold Start v
2 Warm Start v
3 Link Down v
4 Link Up v
5 Authentication Failure v
6 User Login
7 User Logout
8 STP Topology Changed
9 STP Disabled
10 STP Enabled
11 LACP Disabled
12 LACP Enabled
13 LACP Member Added
14 LACP Port Failure
15 GVRP Disabled
16 GVRP Enabled
17 VLAN Disabled
18 Port-based Vlan Enabled
19 Tag-based Vlan Enabled
20 Metro-mode Vlan Enabled
21 Double-tag Vlan Enabled
22 Module Inserted
23 Module Removed
24 Moudle Media Swapped

88

show

Syntax: show
Description: The Show for alarm here is used to display the configuration of Trap, SMS or E-mail.
Argument: None.
Possible value: None.
Example:

FEL2SW-26(alarm)# show events
FEL2SW-26(alarm)# show email
FEL2SW-26(alarm)# show sms

<<sms>>

del

Syntax: del <#>
Description: The Del here is used to remove the configuration of mobile phone number.
Argument: <#>: mobile phone number, range: 1 to 6
Possible value: <#>: 1 to 6
Example:

FEL2SW-26(alarm-sms)# del 3

set

Syntax:

set server <ip>
set user <username>
set phone-number <#> <phone-number>
Description: The Set here is used for the configuration of SMS server, username, password and phone
number.
Argument:
<ip>: SMS server ip
<username>: SMS server account and password
<#>: mobile phone number, range: 1 to 6
<phone-number>: phone number

Possible value: <#>: 1 to 6
Example:

FEL2SW-26(alarm-sms)# set server 192.168.1.7
FEL2SW-26(alarm-sms)# set user ruby
Password:
Confirm Password:
FEL2SW-26(alarm-sms)# set phone-number 1 0968777777

show

Syntax: show
Description: The Show here is to display the configuration of SMS trap event.
Argument: None.
Possible value: None.
Example:

FEL2SW-26(alarm-sms)# show
SMS Server : 192.168.1.7
Username :
Password : ****************
Mobile Phone 1: 0968777777

89

Mobile Phone 2:
Mobile Phone 3:
Mobile Phone 4:
Mobile Phone 5:
Mobile Phone 6:

<<events>>

del

Syntax:
del sms <range>
del email <range>
del trap <range>
del all <range>

Description: The Del here is used for the de-activation of sms, email and trap event.
Argument: <range>:trap number.
Possible value: available from 1 to 24.
Example:

FEL2SW-26(alarm-events)# del sms 1-3
FEL2SW-26(alarm-events)# del email 1-3
FEL2SW-26(alarm-events)# del trap 1-3
FEL2SW-26(alarm-events)# del all 1-3

set

Syntax:
set sms <range>
set email <range>
set trap <range>
set all <range>

Description: The Set here is used for the activation of sms, email and trap event.
Argument: <range>: syntax 1,5-7, trap number.
Possible value: available from 1 to 24.
Example:

FEL2SW-26(alarm-events)# set sms 1-3
FEL2SW-26(alarm-events)# set email 1-3
FEL2SW-26(alarm-events)# set trap 1-3
FEL2SW-26(alarm-events)# set all 1-3

show

Syntax: show
Description: The Show here is used to display the configuration of alarm event.
Argument: None.
Possible value: None.
Example:

FEL2SW-26(alarm-events)# show
Events Email SMS Trap

----------------------------------------­1 Cold Start v
2 Warm Start v
3 Link Down v
4 Link Up v
5 Authentication Failure v
6 User Login
7 User Logout

90

8 STP Topology Changed
9 STP Disabled
10 STP Enabled
11 LACP Disabled
12 LACP Enabled
13 LACP Member Added
14 LACP Port Failure
15 GVRP Disabled
16 GVRP Enabled
17 VLAN Disabled
18 Port-based Vlan Enabled
19 Tag-based Vlan Enabled
20 Metro-mode Vlan Enabled
21 Double-tag Vlan Enabled
22 Module Inserted
23 Module Removed
24 Moudle Media Swapped

show (alarm)

Syntax: show
Description: The Show for alarm here is used to display the configuration of Trap, SMS or E-mail.
Argument: None.
Possible value: None.
Example:

FEL2SW-26(alarm)# show events
FEL2SW-26(alarm)# show email
FEL2SW-26(alarm)# show sms

<<sms>>

del

Syntax: del <#>
Description: The Del here is used to remove the configuration of mobile phone number.
Argument: <#>: mobile phone number, range: 1 to 6
Possible value: <#>: 1 to 6
Example:

FEL2SW-26(alarm-sms)# del 3

set

Syntax:
set server <ip>
set user <username>
set phone-number <#> <phone-number>
Description: The Set here is used for the configuration of SMS server, username, password and phone
number.
Argument:
<ip>: SMS server ip
<username>: SMS server account and password
<#>: mobile phone number, range: 1 to 6
<phone-number>: phone number

Possible value: <#>: 1 to 6
Example:

FEL2SW-26(alarm-sms)# set server 192.168.1.7
FEL2SW-26(alarm-sms)# set user ruby

91

Password:
Confirm Password:
FEL2SW-26(alarm-sms)# set phone-number 1 0968777777

show

Syntax: show
Description: The Show here is to display the configuration of SMS trap event.
Argument: None.
Possible value: None.
Example:

FEL2SW-26(alarm-sms)# show
SMS Server : 192.168.1.7
Username :
Password : ****************
Mobile Phone 1: 0968777777
Mobile Phone 2:
Mobile Phone 3:
Mobile Phone 4:
Mobile Phone 5:
Mobile Phone 6:

4.3.4 autologout

autologout

Syntax: autologout <time>
Description: To set up the timer of autologout.
Argument: <time>: range 1 to 3600 seconds, 0 for autologout off, current setting is 180 seconds.
Possible value: <time>: 0, 1-3600
Example:

FEL2SW-26# autologout 3600
Set autologout time to 3600 seconds

4.3.5 bandwidth

disable egress-rate

Syntax: disable egress-rate <range>
Description: To cancel the egress-rate of the port.
Argument: <range>:syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
Possible value: <range>: 1 to 24
Example:

FEL2SW-26(bandwidth)# disable egress-rate 1-8

disable ingress-rate

Syntax: disable ingress-rate <range>
Description: To cancel the Ingress-rate of the port.
Argument: <range>:syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
Possible value: <range>: 1 to 24
Example:

FEL2SW-26(bandwidth)# disable ingress-rate 1-8

92

disable storm-rate

Syntax: disable storm-rate <range>
Description: To cancel the storm-ate of the port.
Argument: <range>:syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
Possible value: <range>: 1 to 24
Example:

FEL2SW-26(bandwidth)# disable storm-rate 1-8

enable egress-rate

Syntax: enable egress-rate <range> <data_rate>
Description: To set up the egress-rate of the port.
Argument:

<range>:syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<data_rate>: 0-1000.

Possible value:

<range>: 1 to 24
<data_rate>: 0-1000.

Example:

FEL2SW-26(bandwidth)# enable egress-rate 1-16 200.

enable ingress-rate

Syntax: enable ingress-rate <range> <data_rate>
Description: To set up the Ingress-rate of the ports.
Argument:

<range>:syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<data_rate>: 0-1000.

Possible value:

<range>: 1 to 24
<data_rate>: 0-1000.

Example:

FEL2SW-26(bandwidth)# enable ingress-rate 1-16 100

enable storm-rate

Syntax: enable storm-rate <range> <data_rate>
Description: To set up the storm-rate of the ports.
Argument:

<range>:syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<data_rate>: 0-1000.

Possible value:

<range>: 1 to 24
<data_rate>: 0-1000.

Example:

FEL2SW-26(bandwidth)# enable strom-rate 1-16 150

show

Syntax: show
Description: To display all current settings of the bandwidth.
Argument: None
Possible value: None

93

Example:

FEL2SW-26(bandwidth)# show
Ingress Egress
Port =================================================
======================
All State All Rate Storm State Storm Rate All state All Rate
====== =========== ========== ==== ========= ============ ===========
==========
1 Disabled 0 Disabled 0 Disabled 0
2 Disabled 0 Disabled 0 Disabled 0
3 Disabled 0 Disabled 0 Disabled 0
4 Disabled 0 Disabled 0 Disabled 0
5 Disabled 0 Disabled 0 Disabled 0
6 Disabled 0 Disabled 0 Disabled 0
7 Disabled 0 Disabled 0 Disabled 0
8 Disabled 0 Disabled 0 Disabled 0
9 Disabled 0 Disabled 0 Disabled 0
10 Disabled 0 Disabled 0 Disabled 0
11 Disabled 0 Disabled 0 Disabled 0
12 Disabled 0 Disabled 0 Disabled 0
13 Disabled 0 Disabled 0 Disabled 0
14 Disabled 0 Disabled 0 Disabled 0
15 Disabled 0 Disabled 0 Disabled 0
16 Disabled 0 Disabled 0 Disabled 0
17 Disabled 0 Disabled 0 Disabled 0
18 Disabled 0 Disabled 0 Disabled 0
19 Disabled 0 Disabled 0 Disabled 0
20 Disabled 0 Disabled 0 Disabled 0
...(q to quit)

21 Disabled 0 Disabled 0 Disabled 0
22 Disabled 0 Disabled 0 Disabled 0
23 Disabled 0 Disabled 0 Disabled 0
24 Disabled 0 Disabled 0 Disabled 0

4.3.6 config-file

export start

Syntax: export start
Description: To run the export start function.
Argument: None
Possible value: None
Example:

FEL2SW-26(config-file)# export start
Export successful.

export user-conf

Syntax: export user-conf
Descrption: To run the export user-conf function.
Argument: None
Possible value: None
Example:

FEL2SW-26(config-file)# export user-conf
Export successful.

94

import start

Syntax: import start
Description: To run the import start function.
Argument: None
Possible value: None
Example:

FEL2SW-26(config-file)# import start
Import successful.

import user-conf

Syntax: import user-conf
Description: To run the import user-conf function.
Argument: None
Possible value: None
Example:

FEL2SW-26(config-file)# import user-conf
Import successful.

set export-path

Syntax: set export-path <filepath>
Description: To set up the filepath and filename that will be exported.
Argument: <filepath>:filepath and filename
Possible value: <filepath>:filepath and filename
Example:

FEL2SW-26(config-file)# set export-path log/21511.txt

set import-path

Syntax: set import-path <filepath>
Description:

To set up the filepat and filename that will be imported.

Argument: <filepath>:filepath and filename
Possible value: <filepath>:filepath and filename
Example:

FEL2SW-26(config-file)# set import-path log/21511.txt

show

Syntax: show
Description: To display the config-file information.
Argument: None
Possible value: None
Example:

FEL2SW-26(config-file)# show
TFTP Server IP Address: 192.168.3.111
Export Path and Filename: nmap/123.ts
Import Path and Filename: user123.txt

4.3.7 dhcp-boot

set dhcp-boot

Syntax: set dhcp-boot <sec>

95

Description: To set up the delay time for DHCP Boot.
Argument: <sec>:range syntax: 0, 1-30. The value “0” is to disable dhcp-boot delay
Possible value: <sec>:0-30
Example:

FEL2SW-26(dhcp-boot)# set dhcp-boot 30

show

Syntax: show
Description: To display the status of DHCP Boot.
Argument: None
Possible value: None
Example:

FEL2SW-26(dhcp-boot)# show
Dhcp Boot : Enable
Second : 10

4.3.8 diag

diag

Syntax: diag
Description: Diag is used to test whether UART, DRAM, Flash and EEPROM is normal or not.
Argument: None.
Possible value: None.
Example:

FEL2SW-26(diag)# diag
EEPROM Test : OK
UART Test : OK
DRAM Test : OK
Flash Test : OK

loopback

Syntax: Loopback
Description: For Internal/External Loopback Test.
Argument: None.
Possible value: None.
Example:

FEL2SW-26(diag)# loopback
Internal Loopback Test : OK

External Loopback Test : Port 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Fail

ping

Syntax: ping <ip>
Description: To confirm that whether the remote end-station or switch itself is alive or not.
Argument: [ip] : ip address or domain name
Possible value: IP address, e.g. 192.168.2.65 or domain name, e.g. tw.yahoo.com
Example:

FEL2SW-26(diag)# ping 192.168.1.115
Gateway : 192.168.1.253

192.168.1.115 is alive.

96

4.3.9 firmware

set upgrade-path

Syntax: set upgrade-path <filepath>
Description: To set up the image fie that will be upgraded.
Argument: <filepath>: upgrade file path
Possible value: <filepath>: upgrade file path
Example:

FEL2SW-26(firmware)# set upgrade-path FEL2SW-26_v2.00.bin.gz

show

Syntax: show
Description: To display the information of tftp server and upgrade-path.
Argument: None
Possible value: None
Example:

FEL2SW-26(firmware)# show
TFTP Server IP Address: 192.168.3.111
Path and Filename : FEL2SW-26_v2.00.bin.gz

upgrade

Syntax: upgrade
Description: To run the upgrade function.
Argument: None
Possible value: None
Example:

FEL2SW-26(firmware)# upgrade
Upgrading firmware ...

4.3.10 gvrp

disable

Syntax: disable
Description: To disable the gvrp function.
Argument: None
Possible value: None
Example:

FEL2SW-26(gvrp)# disable

enable

Syntax: enable
Description: To enable the gvrp function.
Argument: None
Possible value: None
Example:

FEL2SW-26(gvrp)# enable

97

group

Syntax: group <group number>
Description: To enter any of gvrp group for changing gvrp group setting. You can change the applicant or

registrar mode of existing gvrp group per port.
Argument:
<group number>: enter which gvrp group you had created, using value is vid. Available range: 1 to 4094

Possible value: <group number>: 1~4094
Example:

FEL2SW-26(gvrp)# show group
GVRP group information
Current Dynamic Group Number: 1
VID Member Port

---- -------------------------------------------------­2 5

FEL2SW-26(gvrp)# group 2
FEL2SW-26(gvrp-group-2)# set applicant 1-6 non-participant

FEL2SW-26(gvrp-group-2)# show
GVRP group VID: 2
Port Applicant Registrar

---- --------------- --------­1 Non-Participant Normal
2 Non-Participant Normal
3 Non-Participant Normal
4 Non-Participant Normal
5 Non-Participant Normal
6 Non-Participant Normal
7 Normal Normal
8 Normal Normal
12 Normal Normal
13 Normal Normal
:
:
23 Normal Normal
24 Normal Normal

FEL2SW-26(gvrp-group-2)# set registrar 1-10 fixed

FEL2SW-26(gvrp-group-2)# show
GVRP group VID: 2
Port Applicant Registrar

---- --------------- --------­1 Non-Participant Fixed
2 Non-Participant Fixed
3 Non-Participant Fixed
4 Non-Participant Fixed
5 Non-Participant Fixed
6 Non-Participant Fixed
7 Normal Fixed
8 Normal Fixed
9 Normal Fixed
10 Normal Fixed
17 Normal Normal
:
:
23 Normal Normal
24 Normal Normal

98

set applicant

Syntax: set applicant <range> <normal|non-participant>
Description: To set default applicant mode for each port.
Argument:

<range>: port range, syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<normal>: set applicant as normal mode
<non-participant>: set applicant as non-participant mode

Possible value:

<range>: 1 to 24
<normal|non-participant>: normal or non-participant

Example:

FEL2SW-26(gvrp)# set applicant 1-10 non-participant

set registrar

Syntax: set registrar <range> <normal|fixed|forbidden>
Description: To set default registrar mode for each port.
Argument:

<range>: port range, syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<normal>: set registrar as normal mode
<fixed>: set registrar as fixed mode
<forbidden>: set registrar as forbidden mode

Possible value:

<range>: 1 to 24
<normal|fixed|forbidden>: normal or fixed or forbidden

Example:

FEL2SW-26(gvrp)# set registrar 1-5 fixed

set restricted

Syntax: set restricted <range> <enable|disable>
Description: To set the restricted mode for each port.
Argument:

<range>: port range, syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<enable>: set restricted enabled
<disable>: set restricted disabled

Possible value:

<range>: 1 to 24
<enable|disable>: enable or disable

Example:

FEL2SW-26(gvrp)# set restricted 1-10 enable
FEL2SW-26 (gvrp)# show config
GVRP state: Enable
Port Join Time Leave Time LeaveAll Time Applicant Registrar Restricted

---- --------- ---------- ------------- --------------- --------- ---------­ 1 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Enable
2 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Enable
3 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Enable
4 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Enable
5 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Enable
6 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Enable
7 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Enable
8 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Enable
9 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Enable
10 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Enable

99

:
:
:
22 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Disable
23 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Disable
24 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Disable

set timer

Syntax: set timer <range> <join> <leave> <leaveall>
Description: To set gvrp join time, leave time, and leaveall time for each port.
Argument:

<range> : port range, syntax 1,5-7, available from 1 to 24
<join>: join timer, available from 20 to 100
<leave>: leave timer, available from 60 to 300
<leaveall>: leaveall timer, available from 1000 to 5000
Leave Time must equal double Join Time at least.

Possible value:

<range> : 1 to 24
<join>: 20 to 100
<leave>: 60 to 300
<leaveall>: 1000 to 5000

Example:

FEL2SW-26(gvrp)# set timer 2-8 25 80 2000

show config

Syntax: show config
Description: To display the gvrp configuration.
Argument: none
Possible value: none
Example:

FEL2SW-26(gvrp)# show config
GVRP state: Enable
Port Join Time Leave Time LeaveAll Time Applicant Registrar Restricted

---- --------- ---------- ------------- --------------- --------- ---------­ 1 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Disable
2 25 80 2000 Normal Normal Disable
3 25 80 2000 Normal Normal Disable
4 25 80 2000 Normal Normal Disable
5 25 80 2000 Normal Normal Disable
6 25 80 2000 Normal Normal Disable
7 25 80 2000 Normal Normal Disable
8 25 80 2000 Normal Normal Disable
:
:
23 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Disable
24 20 60 1000 Normal Normal Disable

show counter

Syntax: show counter
Description: Usage: show counter <port>
Argument: <port>: port number
Possible value: <port>: available from 1 to 24
Example:

FEL2SW-26(gvrp)# show counter 2