Datasheet 24LC21-I-P, 24LC21-SN, 24LC21-P, 24LC21T-I-SN, 24LC21T-I-P Datasheet (Microchip Technology Inc)

C 
24LC21
2
1K 2.5V Dual Mode I
C
Serial EEPROM

FEATURES

• Completely implements DDC1  /DDC2  inter­face for monitor identification
• Low power CMOS technology
- 1 mA active current typical
- 10 µ A standby current typical at 5.5V
• 2-wire serial interface bus, I
• Self-timed write cycle (including auto-erase)
• Page-write buffer for up to 8 bytes
• 100 kHz (2.5V) and 400 kHz (5V) compatibility
• Factory programming (QTP) available
• 1,000,000 erase/write cycles guaranteed
• Data retention > 200 years
• 8-pin PDIP and SOIC package
• Available for extended temperature ranges
- Commercial (C): 0˚C to +70˚C
- Industrial (I): -40˚C to +85˚C
2
compatible

DESCRIPTION

The Microchip Technology Inc. 24LC21 is a 128 x 8 bit Electrically Erasable PROM. This device is designed for use in applications requiring storage and serial trans­mission of configuration and control information. Two modes of operation have been implemented: Transmit Only Mode and Bi-Directional Mode. Upon power-up, the device will be in the Transmit Only Mode, sending a serial bit stream of the entire memory array contents, clocked by the VCLK pin. A valid high to low transition on the SCL pin will cause the device to enter the Bi-Directional Mode, with byte selectable read/write capability of the memory array. The 24LC21 is available in a standard 8-pin PDIP and SOIC package in both commercial and industrial temperature ranges.

PACKA GE TYPES

PDIP
NC
1
NC
2
NC
3
V
4
SS
SOIC
1 2
3
4
V
NC NC
NC
SS

BLOCK DIAGRAM

VCLK
I/O
CONTROL
LOGIC
SDA SCL
MEMORY
CONTROL
LOGIC
24LC21
24LC21
XDEC
8
VCC
7
VCLK
6
SCL
5
SDA
8
V
CC
7
VCLK
5
SCL
5
SDA
HV GENERATOR
EEPROM
ARRAY
PAGE LATCHES
YDEC
V
CC
VSS
DDC is a trademark of the Video Electronics StandarDs Association.
2
I
C is a trademark of Philips Corporation.
1996 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21095F-page 1
SENSE AMP
R/W CONTROL
24LC21
µ
µ
µ A µ

1.0 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

1.1 Maxim
CC
V
...................................................................................7.0V
All inputs and outputs w.r.t. V
Storage temperature.....................................-65˚C to +150˚C
Ambient temp. with power applied................-65˚C to +125˚C
Soldering temperature of leads (10 seconds).............+300˚C
ESD protection on all pins ..................................................≥ 4 kV
*Notice: Stresses above those listed under “Maximum ratings”
may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rat­ing only and functional operation of the device at those or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational listings of this specification is not implied. Exposure to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
um Ratings*
SS
............... -0.6V to V
CC
+1.0V
TABLE 1-1: PIN FUNCTION TABLE
TABLE 1-2: DC CHARACTERISTICS
CC
V
= +2.5V to 5.5V Commercial (C): Tamb = 0˚C to +70˚C Industrial (I): Tamb = -40˚C to +85˚C
Parameter Symbol Min Max Units Conditions
SCL and SDA pins:
High level input voltage Low level input voltage
IH
V
V
IL
Input levels on VCLK pin:
High level input voltage
Low level input voltage Hysteresis of Schmitt trigger inputs V Low level output voltage V Low level output voltage V Input leakage current I Output leakage current I Pin capacitance (all inputs/outputs) C
Operating current I
Standby current I
I
CC
CC
V
V
IN
, C
Read
CCS
IH
IL HYS OL1 OL2
LI
LO
OUT
Write
Note 1: This parameter is periodically sampled and not 100% tested.
2: V
LCK
must be grounded.
CC
.7 V
.3 V
2.0 —
.2 V
.05 V
CC
—.4VI —.6VI
-10 10
-10 10 —10pFV
— —
— —
Name Function
V
SS
Ground
SDA Serial Address/Data I/O
SCL Serial Clock (Bi-Directional Mode)
VCLK Serial Clock (Transmit-Only Mode)
V
CC
+2.5V to 5.5V Power Supply
NC No Connection
CC
.8
CC
V V
V V
CC
V
2.7V (Note 1)
CC
V
< 2.7V (Note 1)
V (Note 1)
OL
= 3 mA, V = 6 mA, V
OL
AV AV
IN
= .1V to V
= .1V to V
OUT CC
= 5.0V (Note1),
Tamb = 25 ° C, F
3
mAmAV
= 5.5V, SCL = 400 kHz
CC
CC
= 2.5V (Note 1) = 2.5V
CC
CC
CC
CLK
= 1 MHz
1
30
100
A
CC
V
= 3.0V, SDA = SCL = V
V
= 5.5V, SDA = SCL = V
CC
(Note 2)
CC CC
DS21095F-page 2
1996 Microchip Technology Inc.
TABLE 1-3: AC CHARACTERISTICS
24LC21
Parameter Symbol
Standard Mode
Vcc= 4.5 - 5.5V
Fast Mode
Units Remarks
Min Max Min Max
Clock frequency F Clock high time T Clock low time T SDA and SCL rise time T SDA and SCL fall time T START condition hold time T
HD
CLK
HIGH
LOW
R F
STA
:
100 400 kHz 4000 600 ns 4700 1300 ns
1000 300 ns (Note 1)
300 300 ns (Note 1) 4000 600 ns After this period the first clock
pulse is generated
START condition setup time
Data input hold time T Data input setup time T STOP condition setup time T Output valid from clock T Bus free time T
T
SU
:
4700 600 ns Only relevant for repeated
STA
START condition
HD
DAT SU SU
: :
STO
:
AA
BUF
DAT
0 0 ns (Note 2)
250 100 ns
4000 600 ns
3500 900 ns (Note 2)
4700 1300 ns Time the bus must be free
before a new transmission can start
Output fall time from V min to V
IL
max
Input filter spike suppres-
IH
OF
T
SP
T
250 20 + .1
B
C
250 ns (Note 1), C
50 50 ns (Note 3)
B
100 pF
sion (SDA and SCL pins) Write cycle time T
WR
10 10 ms Byte or Page mode
Transmit-Only Mode Parameters
Output valid from VCLK T VCLK high time T VCLK low time T Mode transition time T Transmit-Only power up
VAA
VHIGH
VLOW
VHZ
T
VPU
2000 1000 ns 4000 600 ns 4700 1300 ns
500 500 ns
0—0—ns
time Endurance 10M 10M cycles 25 ° C, Vcc = 5.0V , Block Mode
(Note 4)
= total capacitance of one bus line in pF.
Note 1: Not 100% tested. C
B
2: As a transmitter, the device must provide an internal minimum delay time to bridge the undefined region (min-
imum 300 ns) of the falling edge of SCL to avoid unintended generation of START or STOP conditions.
3: The combined T
noise and spike suppression. This eliminates the need for a T
SP
and V
HYS
specifications are due to new Schmitt trigger inputs which provide improved
specification for standard operation.
I
4: This parameter is not tested but guaranteed by characterization. For endurance estimates in a specific appli-
cation, please consult the Total Endurance Model which can be obtained on our BBS or website.
1996 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21095F-page 3
24LC21

2.0 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

The 24LC21 operates in two modes, the Transmit-Only Mode and the Bi-Directional Mode. There is a separate two wire protocol to support each mode, each having a separate clock input and sharing a common data line (SDA). The device enters the Transmit-Only Mode upon power-up. In this mode, the device transmits data bits on the SDA pin in response to a clock signal on the VCLK pin. The device will remain in this mode until a valid high to low transition is placed on the SCL input. When a valid transition on SCL is recognized, the device will switch into the Bi-Directional Mode. The only way to switch the device back to the Transmit-Only Mode is to remove power from the device.
2.1 T
The device will power up in the Transmit-Only Mode. This mode supports a unidirectional two wire protocol for transmission of the contents of the memory array. This device requires that it be initialized prior to valid data being sent in the Transmit-Only Mode (see Initial­ization Procedure, below). In this mode, data is trans­mitted on the SDA pin in 8 bit bytes, each followed by a
FIGURE 2-1: TRANSMIT ONLY MODE
ransmit-Only Mode
ninth, null bit (see Figure 2-1). The clock source for the Transmit-Only Mode is provided on the VCLK pin, and a data bit is output on the rising edge on this pin. The eight bits in each byte are transmitted most significant bit first. Each byte within the memory array will be out­put in sequence. When the last byte in the memory array is transmitted, the output will wrap around to the first location and continue. The Bi-Directional Mode Clock (SCL) pin must be held high for the device to remain in the Transmit-Only Mode.
2.2 Initialization Pr
After V mit-Only Mode. Nine clock cycles on the VCLK pin must be given to the device for it to perform internal synchro­nization. During this period, the SDA pin will be in a high impedance state. On the rising edge of the tenth clock cycle, the device will output the first valid data bit which will be the most significant bit of a byte. The device will power up at an indeterminate byte address. (See Figure 2-2).
has stabilized, the device will be in the Trans-
CC
ocedure
SCL
TVAA TVAA
SDA
BIT 1 (LSB)
VCLK
TVLOWTVHIGH
FIGURE 2-2: DEVICE INITIALIZATION
VCC
SCL
SDA
TVPU
NULL BIT
BIT 1 (MSB) BIT 7
TVAA TVAA
BIT 8BIT 7HIGH IMPEDANCE FOR 9 CLOCK CYCLES
VCLK
DS21095F-page 4
12 891011
1996 Microchip Technology Inc.
24LC21
3.0 BI-DIRECTIONAL MODE
The 24LC21 can be switched into the Bi-Directional Mode (see Figure 3-1) by applying a valid high to low transition on the Bi-Directional Mode Clock (SCL). When the device has been switched into the Bi-Direc­tional Mode, the VCLK input is disregarded, with the exception that a logic high level is required to enable write capability. This mode supports a two wire bi-direc­tional data transmission protocol. In this protocol, a device that sends data on the bus is defined to be the transmitter, and a device that receives data from the bus is defined to be the receiver. The bus must be con­trolled by a master device that generates the Bi-Direc­tional Mode Clock (SCL), controls access to the bus and generates the START and STOP conditions, while the 24LC21 acts as the slave. Both master and slave can operate as transmitter or receiver, but the master device determines which mode is activated.

3.1 Bi-Directional Mode Bus Characteristics

The following bus protocol has been defined:
• Data transfer may be initiated only when the bus is
not busy.
• During data transfer, the data line must remain
stable whenever the clock line is HIGH. Changes in the data line while the clock line is HIGH will be interpreted as a START or STOP condition.
Accordingly, the following bus conditions have been defined (see Figure 3-2).

3.1.1 BUS NOT BUSY (A)

Both data and clock lines remain HIGH.

3.1.2 START DATA TRANSFER (B)

A HIGH to LOW transition of the SDA line while the clock (SCL) is HIGH determines a STAR T condition. All commands must be preceded by a START condition.

3.1.3 STOP DATA TRANSFER (C)

A LOW to HIGH transition of the SDA line while the clock (SCL) is HIGH determines a STOP condition. All operations must be ended with a STOP condition.
FIGURE 3-1: MODE TRANSITION
Transmit Only Mode
SCL
TVHZ
SDA
VCLK

Bi-Directional Mode

FIGURE 3-2: DATA TRANSFER SEQUENCE ON THE SERIAL BUS
VHYS
SCL
TSU:STA
SDA
THD:STA
TSU:STO
START STOP
1996 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21095F-page 5
24LC21
3.1.4 DATA VALID (D) The state of the data line represents valid data when,
after a START condition, the data line is stable for the duration of the HIGH period of the clock signal.
The data on the line must be changed during the LOW period of the clock signal. There is one clock pulse per bit of data.
Each data transfer is initiated with a START condition and terminated with a STOP condition. The number of the data bytes transferred between the START and STOP conditions is determined by the master device and is theoretically unlimited, although only the last eight will be stored when doing a write operation. When an overwrite does occur it will replace data in a first in first out fashion.
3.1.5 ACKNOWLEDGE Each receiving device, when addressed, is obliged to
generate an acknowledge after the reception of each byte. The master device must generate an extra clock pulse which is associated with this acknowledge bit.
Note: The 24LC21 does not generate any
acknowledge bits if an internal program­ming cycle is in progress.
The device that acknowledges has to pull down the SDA line during the acknowledge clock pulse in such a way that the SDA line is stable LOW during the HIGH period of the acknowledge related clock pulse. Of course, setup and hold times must be taken into account. A master must signal an end of data to the slave by not generating an acknowledge bit on the last byte that has been clocked out of the slave. In this case, the slave must leave the data line HIGH to enable the master to generate the STOP condition.
FIGURE 3-3: BUS TIMING START/STOP
SCL
TSU:STA
SDA
START STOP
THD:STA
FIGURE 3-4: BUS TIMING DATA
TF
THIGH
TLOW
SCL
TSU:STA
SDA
IN
SDA OUT
TSP
TAA
THD:STA
THD:STA
VHYS
THD:DAT TSU:DAT
TAA
TSU:STO
TR
TSU:STO
TBUF
DS21095F-page 6 1996 Microchip Technology Inc.
24LC21
3.1.6 SLAVE ADDRESS After generating a START condition, the bus master
transmits the slave address consisting of a 7-bit device code (1010) for the 24LC21, followed by three don’t care bits.
The eighth bit of slave address determines if the master device wants to read or write to the 24LC21 (see Figure 3-5).
The 24LC21 monitors the bus for its corresponding slave address all the time. It generates an acknowledge bit if the slave address was true and it is not in a pro­gramming mode.
Operation Control Code Chip Select R/W
Read 1010 XXX 1
Write 1010 XXX 0
FIGURE 3-5: CONTROL BYTE
ALLOCATION
STAR T READ/WRITE

SLAVE ADDRESS

R/W
A

4.0 WRITE OPERATION

4.1 Byte Write

Following the start signal from the master, the slave address (4 bits), the don’t care bits (3 bits) and the R/W bit which is a logic low is placed onto the bus by the master transmitter. This indicates to the addressed slave receiver that a byte with a word address will follow after it has generated an acknowledge bit during the ninth clock cycle. Therefore, the next byte transmitted by the master is the word address and will be written into the address pointer of the 24LC21. After receiving another acknowledge signal from the 24LC21 the mas­ter device will transmit the data word to be written into the addressed memory location. The 24LC21 acknowl­edges again and the master generates a stop condi­tion. This initiates the internal write cycle, and during this time the 24LC21 will not generate acknowledge signals (see Figure 4-1).
It is required that VCLK be held at a logic high level in order to program the device. This applies to byte write and page write operation. Note that VCLK can go low while the device is in its self-timed program operation and not affect programming.

4.2 Page Write

1010XXX
FIGURE 4-1: BYTE WRITE
S
BUS ACTIVITY MASTER
T A R T
CONTROL
BYTE
The write control byte, word address and the first data byte are transmitted to the 24LC21 in the same way as in a byte write. But instead of generating a stop condi­tion the master transmits up to eight data bytes to the 24LC21 which are temporarily stored in the on-chip page buffer and will be written into the memory after the master has transmitted a stop condition. After the receipt of each word, the three lower order address pointer bits are internally incremented by one. The higher order five bits of the word address remains con­stant. If the master should transmit more than eight words prior to generating the stop condition, the address counter will roll over and the previously received data will be overwritten. As with the byte write operation, once the stop condition is received an inter­nal write cycle will begin (see Figure 4-2).
It is required that VCLK be held at a logic high level in order to program the device. This applies to byte write and page write operation. Note that VCLK can go low while the device is in its self-timed program operation and not affect programming.
WORD
ADDRESS
DATA
S T O P
SDA LINE
BUS ACTIVITY
VCLK
1996 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21095F-page 7
S P
A C K
A C K
A C K
24LC21
FIGURE 4-2: PAGE WRITE
S
BUS ACTIVITY MASTER
T A R T
CONTROL
BYTE
WORD
ADDRESS (n)
DATA n DATA n + 15
DATA n + 1
S T O P
SDA LINE
BUS ACTIVITY
VCLK
S P
A C K

5.0 ACKNOWLEDGE POLLING

Since the device will not acknowledge during a write cycle, this can be used to determine when the cycle is complete (this feature can be used to maximize bus throughput). Once the stop condition for a write com­mand has been issued from the master, the device ini­tiates the internally timed write cycle. ACK polling can be initiated immediately. This involves the master send­ing a start condition followed by the control byte for a write command (R/W the write cycle, then no ACK will be returned. If the cycle is complete, then the device will return the ACK and the master can then proceed with the next read or write command. See Figure 5-1 for the flow diagram.
= 0). If the device is still busy with
A C K
A C K
A C K
FIGURE 5-1: ACKNOWLEDGE POLLING
FLOW
Send
Write Command
Send Stop
Condition to
Initiate Write Cycle
Send Start
A C K
Send Control Byte
with R/W = 0
Did Device
Acknowledge
NO
(ACK = 0)?
YES
Next
Operation

6.0 WRITE PROTECTION

When using the 24LC21 in the Bi-Directional Mode, the VCLK pin operates as the write protect control pin. Set­ting VCLK high allows normal write operations, while setting VCLK low prevents writing to any location in the array. Connecting the VCLK pin to V 24LC21 to operate as a serial ROM, although this con­figuration would prevent using the device in the Trans­mit-Only Mode.
SS would allow the
DS21095F-page 8 1996 Microchip Technology Inc.
24LC21

7.0 READ OPERATION

Read operations are initiated in the same way as write operations with the exception that the R/W slave address is set to one. There are three basic types of read operations: current address read, random read and sequential read.

7.1 Current Address Read

The 24LC21 contains an address counter that main­tains the address of the last word accessed, internally incremented by one. Therefore, if the previous access (either a read or write operation) was to address n, the next current address read operation would access data from address n + 1. Upon receipt of the slave address with R/W
bit set to one, the 24LC21 issues an acknowl­edge and transmits the eight bit data word. The master will not acknowledge the transfer but does generate a stop condition and the 24LC21 discontinues transmis­sion (Figure 7-1).

7.2 Random Read

Random read operations allow the master to access any memory location in a random manner. To perform this type of read operation, first the word address must be set. This is done by sending the word address to the 24LC21 as part of a write operation. After the word address is sent, the master generates a start condition following the acknowledge. This terminates the write operation, but not before the internal address pointer is
bit of the
set. Then the master issues the control byte again but with the R/W
bit set to a one. The 24LC21 will then issue an acknowledge and transmits the eight bit data word. The master will not acknowledge the transfer but does generate a stop condition and the 24LC21 discon­tinues transmission (Figure 7-2).

7.3 Sequential Read

Sequential reads are initiated in the same way as a ran­dom read except that after the 24LC21 transmits the first data byte, the master issues an acknowledge as opposed to a stop condition in a random read. This directs the 24LC21 to transmit the next sequentially addressed 8 bit word (see Figure 7-3).
To provide sequential reads the 24LC21 contains an internal address pointer which is incremented by one at the completion of each operation. This address pointer allows the entire memory contents to be serially read during one operation.

7.4 Noise Protection

The 24LC21 employs a VCC threshold detector circuit which disables the internal erase/write logic if the V is below 1.5 volts at nominal conditions.
The SCL and SDA inputs have Schmitt trigger and filter circuits which suppress noise spikes to assure proper device operation even on a noisy bus.
CC
FIGURE 7-1: CURRENT ADDRESS READ
S
BUS ACTIVITY MASTER
SDA LINE
BUS ACTIVITY
T A R T
CONTROL
SP
FIGURE 7-2: RANDOM READ
S T
BUS ACTIVITY MASTER
SDA LINE
BUS ACTIVITY
CONTROL
A
BYTE
R T
S P
A C K
BYTE
WORD
ADDRESS (n)
A C K
A C K
S T A R T
S
CONTROL
BYTE
DATA n
A C K
DATA n
S T O P
N O
A
C
K
S T O P
N
O
A C K
1996 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21095F-page 9
24LC21
FIGURE 7-3: SEQUENTIAL READ
BUS ACTIVITY MASTER
CONTROL
BYTE
DATA n DATA n + 1 DATA n + 2 DATA n + X
S T O P
SDA LINE
BUS ACTIVITY
A C K
A C K

8.0 PIN DESCRIPTIONS

8.1 SDA
This pin is used to transfer addresses and data into and out of the device, when the device is in the Bi-Direc­tional Mode. In the Transmit-Only Mode, which only allows data to be read from the device, data is also transferred on the SDA pin. This pin is an open drain terminal, therefore the SDA bus requires a pullup resis­tor to V
CC (typical 10K for 100 kHz, 1K for 400 kHz).
For normal data transfer in the Bi-Directional Mode, SDA is allowed to change only during SCL low. Changes during SCL high are reserved for indicating the START and STOP conditions.
P
A C K
A C K
N O
A C K
8.2 SCL
This pin is the clock input for the Bi-Directional Mode, and is used to synchronize data transfer to and from the device. It is also used as the signaling input to switch the device from the Transmit Only Mode to the Bi-Direc­tional Mode. It must remain high for the chip to continue operation in the Transmit Only Mode.

8.3 VCLK

This pin is the clock input for the Transmit Only Mode. In the Transmit Only Mode, each bit is clocked out on the rising edge of this signal. In the Bi-Directional Mode, a high logic level is required on this pin to enable write capability.
DS21095F-page 10 1996 Microchip Technology Inc.
24LC21
24LC21 Product Identification System
To order or to obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, please use the listed part numbers, and refer to the factory or the listed sales offices.
24LC21 -/P
Package: P = Plastic DIP (300 mil Body), 8-lead
Temperature Blank = 0˚C to +70˚C Range: I = -40˚C to +85˚C
Device: 24LC21 Dual Mode I
SN = Plastic SOIC (150 mil Body), 8-lead
2
C Serial EEPROM
2
24LC21T Dual Mode I
C Serial EEPROM (Tape and Reel)
1996 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21095F-page 11

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9/3/96
All rights reserved. 1996, Microchip Technology Incorporated, USA. 9/96
Printed on recycled paper.
Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is intended through suggestion only and may be superseded by updates. No repre­sentation or warranty is given and no liability is assumed by Microchip Technology Incorporated with respect to the accuracy or use of such information, or infringement of patents or other intellectual property rights arising from such use or otherwise. Use of Microchip’s products as critical components in life support systems is not autho­rized except with express written approval by Microchip. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any intellectual property rights. The Microchip logo and name are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Inc. All rights reserved. All other trademarks mentioned herein are the property of their respective companies.
DS21095F-page 12 1996 Microchip Technology Inc.
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