Microchip Technology PICDEM™ MC LV Development Board User’s Guide

PICDEM™ MC LV

Development Board

User’s Guide

Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices:

• Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet.

• Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the intended manner and under normal conditions.

• There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip’s Data Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property.

• Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code.

• Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not mean that we are guaranteeing the product as “unbreakable.”

Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our products. Attempts to break Microchip’s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act.

Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is provided only for your convenience and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications. MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION, QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR PURPOSE. Microchip disclaims all liability arising from this information and its use. Use of Microchip devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at the buyer’s risk, and the buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages, claims, suits, or expenses resulting from such use. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any Microchip intellectual property rights.

Trademarks

The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, Accuron, dsPIC, K

EELOQ, microID, MPLAB, PIC, PICmicro, PICSTART,

PRO MATE, PowerSmart, rfPIC and SmartShunt are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries.

AmpLab, FilterLab, Migratable Memory, MXDEV, MXLAB, PICMASTER, SEEVAL, SmartSensor and The Embedded Control Solutions Company are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A.

Analog-for-the-Digital Age, Application Maestro, dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, dsPICworks, ECAN, ECONOMONITOR, FanSense, FlexROM, fuzzyLAB, In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, ICEPIC, Linear Active Thermistor, MPASM, MPLIB, MPLINK, MPSIM, PICkit, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICLAB, PICtail, PowerCal, PowerInfo, PowerMate, PowerTool, Real ICE, rfLAB, rfPICDEM, Select Mode, Smart Serial, SmartTel, Total Endurance, UNI/O, WiperLock and Zena are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries.

SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A.

All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies.

Printed on recycled paper.

Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2002 quality system certification for its worldwide headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and Tempe, Arizona and Mountain View, California in October 2003. The Company’s quality system processes and procedures are for its PICmicro devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and analog products. In addition, Microchip’s quality system for the design and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified.

8-bit MCUs, KEEL

code hopping

PICDEM™ MC LV

DEVELOPMENT BOARD

Tabl e of Conten ts

Preface ........................................................................................................................... 1

Chapter 1. Introduction to the PICDEM MC LV Development Board

1.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 7

1.2 Highlights ........................................................................................................ 7

1.3 Motor Control Kit ............................................................................................ 7

1.4 Overview of the PICDEM MC LV Development Board ................................... 7

1.5 Board Connectors .......................................................................................... 8

Chapter 2. System Level Architecture of the Board

2.1 Highlights ...................................................................................................... 11

2.2 Board Block Diagram ................................................................................... 11

2.3 Control Section ............................................................................................. 12

2.4 Power Inverter Section ................................................................................. 13

2.5 Power Supply ............................................................................................... 14

Chapter 3. Getting Started with PIC18FXX31 MCUs

3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................... 15

3.2 Highlights ...................................................................................................... 15

3.3 PICDEM MC LV Development Board Setup ................................................ 15

Chapter 4. Using the Microchip Motor Control GUI

4.1 Highlights ...................................................................................................... 17

4.2 Software Overview ....................................................................................... 17

4.3 Starting the Program .................................................................................... 17

4.4 The Main Window (Control Panel) ............................................................... 18

4.5 The Setup Window ....................................................................................... 20

Chapter 5. Creating Motor Control Firmware Projects

5.1 Highlights ...................................................................................................... 23

5.2 Included Applications ................................................................................... 23

5.3 Beyond the Included Applications: Creating New Projects .......................... 23

Chapter 6. Getting Started with dsPIC Digital Signal Controllers

6.1 Highlights ...................................................................................................... 25

6.2 Initial Setup ................................................................................................... 25

PICDEM™ MC LV Development Board

Chapter 7. Using dsPIC DSCs to Run a Sensorless BLDC Motor

7.1 Introduction ................................................................................................... 27

7.2 Highlights ...................................................................................................... 27

7.3 Sensorless Control of a BLDC Motor ........................................................... 27

7.4 Using the PICDEM MC LV Development Board for

Higher Motor Voltage .............................................................................. 29

7.5 Using the PICDEM MC LV Development Board for

Lower Motor Voltage .............................................................................. 29

Chapter 8. Troubleshooting

8.1 Highlights ...................................................................................................... 31

8.2 Common Problems ....................................................................................... 31

Appendix A. Circuit Schematics of the Board ..........................................................33

Appendix B. Electrical Specifications .......................................................................35

Appendix C. Jumper Settings ....................................................................................37

Index .............................................................................................................................39

Worldwide Sales and Service .....................................................................................42

PICDEM™ MC LV

DEVELOPMENT BOARD

Preface

NOTICE TO CUSTOMERS

All documentation becomes dated, and this manual is no exception. Microchip tools and documentation are constantly evolving to meet customer needs, so some actual dialogs and/or tool descriptions may differ from those in this document. Please refer to our web site (www.microchip.com) to obtain the latest documentation available.

Documents are identified with a “DS” number. This number is located on the bottom of each page, in front of the page number. The numbering convention for the DS number is “DSXXXXXA”, where “XXXXX” is the document number and “A” is the revision level of the document.

For the most up-to-date information on development tools, see the MPLAB Select the Help menu, and then Topics to open a list of available on-line help files.

INTRODUCTION

IDE on-line help.

This chapter contains general information that will be useful to know before using the PICDEM™ MC LV Development Board. Items discussed in this chapter include:

• Document Layout

• Conventions Used in this Guide

• The Microchip Web Site

• Recommended Reading

• Development Systems Customer Change Notification Service

• Warranty Registration

• Customer Support

• Document Revision History

PICDEM™ MC LV Development Board

DOCUMENT LAYOUT

This document describes how to use the PICDEM MC LV Development Board as a development system for Microchip Technology’s PIC18F2331/2431 Microcontrollers (MCUs) and dsPIC30F2010/3010 Digital Signal Controllers (DSCs). The manual layout is as follows:

• Chapter 1. Introduction to the PICDEM MC LV Development Board – What the PICDEM MC LV Development Board is, what makes it a desirable development tool for motor control and what features are available. This chapter also includes instructions on how to connect and begin to use the PICDEM MC LV Development Board.

• Chapter 2. System Level Architecture of the Board – Provides a block diagram of the board and description of each section.

• Chapter 3. Getting Started with PIC18FXX31 MCUs – Provides instructions on how to set up the PICDEM MC LV Development Board using the PIC18FXX31 family devices.

• Chapter 4. Using the Microchip Motor Control GUI – Provides a detailed description of PC-based Motor Control GUI and how to use its programmable features.

• Chapter 5. Creating Motor Control Firmware Projects – Discusses the basic steps for creating custom applications or modifying existing applications.

• Chapter 6. Getting Started with dsPIC Digital Signal Controllers – Describes how to set up and use the PICDEM MC LV Development Board using the dsPIC family.

• Chapter 7. Using dsPIC DSCs to Run a Sensorless BLDC Motor – Describes how to run a BLDC motor, without a Hall effect sensor, using dsPIC devices.

• Chapter 8. Troubleshooting – Provides information on solving common problems.

• Appendix A. Circuit Schematics of the Board – Provides detailed circuit schematics of the PICDEM MC LV Development Board.

• Appendix B. Electrical Specifications – Lists the DC input and output ratings for the PICDEM MC LV Development Board.

• Appendix C. Jumper Settings – Provides a detailed list of sensored and sensorless jumper settings for PIC18F MCUs and dsPIC30F DSCs.

CONVENTIONS USED IN THIS GUIDE

This manual uses the following documentation conventions:

DOCUMENTATION CONVENTIONS

Description Represents Examples

Arial font:

Italic characters and quotes Referenced books

Initial caps A window the Output window

Quotes A field name in a window or

Underlined, italic text with right angle bracket

Bold characters A dialog button Click OK

Text in angle brackets < > A key on the keyboard Press <Enter>, <F1>

Courier font:

Plain Courier Sample source code #define START

Italic Courier A variable argument file.o, where file can be

Square brackets [ ] Optional arguments MPASMWIN [main.asm]

Curly brackets and pipe character { | }

0xnnn A hexidecimal number where

Ellipses... Replaces repeated text var_name [,

Preface

“MPLAB® IDE User’s Guide”

Emphasized text ...is the

A dialog the Settings dialog A menu selection select Enable Programmer

“Save project before build”

dialog A menu path

A tab Click the Power tab

Filenames autoexec.bat

File paths c:\autoexec.bat Keywords _asm, _endasm, static

Command-line options -Opa+, -Opa-

Bit values 0, 1 Constants 0xFF, ‘A’

Choice of mutually exclusive arguments; an OR selection

‘n’ is a hexidecimal digit

Represents code supplied by user

File>Save

any valid filename

errorlevel {0|1}

0xFFF

var_name...]

void main (void) { ... }

only

compiler...

PICDEM™ MC LV Development Board

THE MICROCHIP WEB SITE

Microchip provides online support via our web site at www.microchip.com. This web site is used as a means to make files and information easily available to customers. Accessible by using your favorite Internet browser, the web site contains the following information:

• Product Support – Data sheets and errata, application notes and sample programs, design resources, user’s guides and hardware support documents, latest software releases and archived software

• General Technical Support – Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs), technical support requests, online discussion groups, Microchip consultant program member listing

• Business of Microchip – Product selector and ordering guides, latest Microchip press releases, listing of seminars and events, listings of Microchip sales offices, distributors and factory representatives

DEVELOPMENT SYSTEMS CUSTOMER CHANGE NOTIFICATION SERVICE

Microchip’s customer notification service helps keep customers current on Microchip products. Subscribers will receive e-mail notification whenever there are changes, updates, revisions or errata related to a specified product family or development tool of interest.

To register, access the Microchip web site at www.microchip.com, click on Customer Change Notification and follow the registration instructions.

The Development Systems product group categories are:

• Compilers – The latest information on Microchip C compilers and other language tools. These include the MPLAB C18 and MPLAB C30 C Compilers; MPASM™ and MPLAB ASM30 Assemblers; MPLINK™ and MPLAB LINK30 Object Linkers; and MPLIB™ and MPLAB LIB30 Object Librarians.

• Emulators – The latest information on Microchip in-circuit emulators.This includes the MPLAB ICE 2000 and MPLAB ICE 4000.

• In-Circuit Debuggers – The latest information on the Microchip in-circuit debugger, MPLAB ICD 2.

• MPLAB Integrated Development Environment for development systems tools. This list is focused on the MPLAB IDE, MPLAB SIM Simulator, MPLAB IDE Project Manager and general editing and debugging features.

• Programmers – The latest information on Microchip programmers. These include the MPLAB PM3 and PRO MATE Plus and PICkit™ 1 Development Programmers.

IDE – The latest information on Microchip MPLAB IDE, the Windows®

II Device Programmers and the PICSTART®

WARRANTY REGISTRATION

Please complete the enclosed Warranty Registration Card and mail it promptly. Sending in the Warranty Registration Card entitles users to receive new product updates. Interim software releases are available at the Microchip web site.

PICDEM™ MC LV Development Board

CUSTOMER SUPPORT

Users of Microchip products can receive assistance through several channels:

• Distributor or Representative

• Local Sales Office

• Field Application Engineer (FAE)

• Technical Support

• Development Systems Information Line

Customers should contact their distributor, representative or field application engineer (FAE) for support. Local sales offices are also available to help customers. A listing of sales offices and locations is included in the back of this document.

Technical support is available through the web site at: http://support.microchip.com

In addition, there is a Development Systems Information Line which lists the latest versions of Microchip’s development systems software products. This line also provides information on how customers can receive currently available upgrade kits.

The Development Systems Information Line numbers are:

1-800-755-2345 – United States and most of Canada

1-480-792-7302 – Other International Locations

DOCUMENT REVISION HISTORY

Revision A (May 2005)

• Initial Release of this Document.

Chapter 1. Introduction to the PICDEM MC LV

1.1 INTRODUCTION

The PICDEM MC LV Development Board is targeted to control Brushless DC (BLDC) motors in sensor or in sensorless operation. This flexible and low-cost board can be configured in different ways to use with Microchip’s specialized motor control microcontrollers and digital signal controllers. This low-cost board has the facility to use either the PIC18F2331/2431 or the dsPIC30F2010/3010 devices for control. Low pin count motor control parts, such as the PIC18F1230/1330, can also be configured with daughter boards.

The PICDEM MC LV Development Board is a compact board containing a 3-phase voltage source inverter bridge and control circuitry around the microcontroller. The board comes with a free, ready to use MC-GUI (Motor Control – Graphical User Interface) from Microchip. Using the MC-GUI, the user can easily set and/or change motor parameters. This greatly helps the user in developing customized drive solutions.

PICDEM™ MC LV

DEVELOPMENT BOARD

Development Board

1.2 HIGHLIGHTS

This items discussed in this chapter are:

• Motor Control Kit

• Overview of the PICDEM MC LV Development Board

• Board Connectors

1.3 MOTOR CONTROL KIT

The PICDEM MC LV Development Board contains the following items. Before proceeding, make sure that you have each of these items:

• PICDEM MC LV Development Board

• The PICDEM MC LV Development Board CD-ROM with the following applications:

- PICDEM MC LV Graphical User Interface (MC-GUI)

“PICDEM MC LV Development Board User’s Guide”

- Firmware examples using the PIC18F MCUs and dsPIC30F DSCs

(this document)

1.4 OVERVIEW OF THE PICDEM MC LV DEVELOPMENT BOARD

Brushless DC motors are becoming more popular due to their advantages over other types of motors traditionally used. To learn more about the basics, working principles and control of BLDC motors, refer to Microchip’s Application Note

DC (BLDC) Motor Fundamentals

(www.microchip.com). You can also visit the specialized web page, www.microchip.com/motor, for technical details on different types of motors and their controls using PIC

The PICDEM MC LV Development Board supports motors with terminal voltage up to 48V and current up to 4A. Refer to Appendix B. “Electrical Specifications” for complete electrical specifications.

microcontrollers and dsPIC® digital signal controllers.

” (DS00885) on Microchip’s website

AN885, “Brushless

PICDEM™ MC LV Development Board

1.5 BOARD CONNECTORS

The PICDEM MC LV Development Board has a PIC18FXX31/dsPIC30F device-based control section and 3-phase power inverters. The board has a power connector (J20), motor connector (J9), ICD 2 connector (J6) and serial interface connector (J1), as shown in Figure 1-1.

FIGURE 1-1: BOARD LAYOUT

Motor

Connection

J20

Power

Supply

Connector

MOTOR

Test

Points

MPLAB

Connector

ICD 2

(J6)

DSC dsPIC

MCU PIC

Serial

Interface

Connector

Speed

Reference

Potentiometer

Switches

Status

LEDs

Introduction to the PICDEM MC LV Development Board

1.5.1 Power Connector (J20)

The power connector (J20) has the facility to connect 3 different types of connectors. A barrel connector is mounted on the board when it is shipped. If necessary, the user can replace it with a standard DIN connector or a screw terminal with a 5 mm pitch.

A 24V DC power supply is connected to J20. Use the recommended power supply listed as an accessory (Part Number AC002013) on the Microchip web site (www.microchip.com), or equivalent power supply of your own.

1.5.2 Motor Connector (J9)

The motor connector (J9) has 11 terminals. Table 1-1 shows the functionality of each terminal.

TABLE 1-1: TERMINAL FUNCTIONALITY

Terminal Function Special Comments

M1 Motor Winding 1 Connection

M2 Motor Winding 2 Connection

M3 Motor Winding 3 Connection

G Motor Ground

NOT

HA Hall Sensor 1 Connection

HB Hall Sensor 2 Connection HC Hall Sensor 3 Connection

+5V Hall Sensor Power

GND Hall Sensor Power Return

+ Positive DC Bus See Section 2.3.1 “Controller Sockets”

– Negative DC Bus See Section 2.3.1 “Controller Sockets”

used for sensorless control

NOT

used for sensorless control

NOT

used for sensorless control

NOT

used for sensorless control

NOT

used for sensorless control

1.5.3 ICD 2 Connector (J6)

This RJ11 connector is used for programming the part or debugging the firmware using MPLAB firmware that is supplied with the board.

ICD 2. Application-specific functionalities can be added to the existing

1.5.4 Serial Interface (RS-232) Connector (J1)

This connector is used for serial communication, based on the RS-232 protocol, with the external world. When using the PC-based MC-GUI, this connector is used to connect the PC and the board through the RS-232 cable.

PICDEM™ MC LV Development Board

NOTES:

+ 32 hidden pages

Microchip Technology PICDEM™ MC LV Development Board User’s Guide

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Tabl e of Conten ts

Preface

INTRODUCTION

DOCUMENT LAYOUT

CONVENTIONS USED IN THIS GUIDE

DOCUMENTATION CONVENTIONS

THE MICROCHIP WEB SITE

RECOMMENDED READING

DEVELOPMENT SYSTEMS CUSTOMER CHANGE NOTIFICATION SERVICE

WARRANTY REGISTRATION

CUSTOMER SUPPORT

DOCUMENT REVISION HISTORY

1.1 INTRODUCTION

1.2 HIGHLIGHTS

1.3 MOTOR CONTROL KIT

1.4 OVERVIEW OF THE PICDEM MC LV DEVELOPMENT BOARD

1.5 BOARD CONNECTORS

FIGURE 1-1: BOARD LAYOUT

1.5.1 Power Connector (J20)

1.5.2 Motor Connector (J9)

TABLE 1-1: TERMINAL FUNCTIONALITY

1.5.3 ICD 2 Connector (J6)

1.5.4 Serial Interface (RS-232) Connector (J1)