Microchip Technology G2M5477 Users manual

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G2M5477

Preliminary Data Sheet

Document Version 0.14a

Disclaimer

About this Data Sheet

While the information provided in this document is believed to be accurate, it is under development and G2 Microsystems reserves the right to make changes without further notice to the product described herein to improve reliability, function, or design, and makes no guarantee or warranty concerning the accuracy of said information, nor shall it be responsible for any loss or damage of whatever nature resulting from the use of, or reliance upon, such information. G2 Microsystems makes no warranties of any kind, whether express, implied or arising by custom or course of trade or performance, and specifically disclaims the implied warranties of title, non infringement, merchant

ability, or of fitness for a particular purpose.

No part of this document may be copied, reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photographic, or otherwise, or used as the basis for manufacture or sale of any items without the prior written consent of G2 Micro

systems.

Trademarks

G2 Microsystems and the G2 logo are trademarks of G2 Microsystems. Wi-Fi, WMM and Wi-Fi Alliance are regis tered trademarks of the Wi-Fi Alliance. G2 Microsystems is a member of the Wi-Fi alliance. Other trademarks in this document belong to their respective companies.

Document Number: DS-0008

Icon Version: 0.1.0

Release Date: February 2009.

This document is intended for:

z Icon developers planning to use a host processor

to communicate with the G2M5477 Icon software over a serial interface.

z G2M5477 developers planning to develop custom

applications for the module.

This document provides preliminary information on the G2M5477 Module from G2 Microsystems. Separate documents should be read in conjunction with this data sheet.

Icon developers should read the Icon Programmer's

Reference Manual

[1] and the Icon API Reference, [2].

G2M5477 developers should read the G2C547

Programmer's Reference Manual

[3], and G2C547 Appli-

cation Programming Interface Reference [4] documents.

See Chapter 13, References, for details of reference documents.

Organization

This data sheet is organized into the following chapters:

z Chapter 1, General Description – overview

z Chapter 2, Features – features and benefits

z Chapter 3, Block Diagram

system-level description

z Chapter 4, Functional Description

z Chapter 5, Interface, Connections and Mechanical

z Chapter 6, Electrical Specifications – absolute

maximum ratings, operating conditions, power consumption, and package thermal data

z Chapter 7, RF Performance

z Chapter 8, Firmware Features

z Chapter 9, Application Information

z Chapter 10, Qualification

z Chapter 11, Design Guidelines

Contacting us

Via email: info@g2microsystems.com

Via the web: www.g2microsystems.com

z Chapter 12, Development Kit

z Chapter 13, References

z Chapter 15, Revision History and Glossary

document history, and acronyms, abbreviations, and units of measure used in this data sheet

G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Contents

1 General Description ............................. 4

2 Features ................................................ 5

2.1 Benefits ................................................................5

3 Block Diagram ...................................... 6

3.1 Power ..................................................................7

3.2 System Power States ..........................................7

3.2.1 Asleep (low-power) ............................................................. 7

3.2.2 Awake ................................................................................. 7

3.2.3 Dozing ................................................................................. 7

3.2.4 Waking Up ........................................................................... 7

3.2.5 Force Awake ....................................................................... 7

3.3 Module Resets ..................................................... 7

3.3.1 Brownout Detection ............................................................. 8

3.3.2 EMC Resilience (IEC 61000-4-2) ........................................ 8

4 Functional Description ........................ 9

4.1 PMU and NVM .....................................................9

4.2 The CPU .............................................................. 9

4.2.1 General Purpose I/O ........................................................... 9

4.3 Wi-Fi Network Interface .......................................9

4.3.1 Wi-Fi MAC/PHY ................................................................ 10

4.3.2 Cryptographic Accelerator ................................................. 10

4.3.3 2.4 GHz Radio ................................................................... 10

4.4 Sensor Interface ................................................ 10

4.5 Magnetic Receiver .............................................10

4.6 RFID (EPC) Transceiver ....................................10

4.7 Serial Interfaces ................................................. 11

4.7.1 User UART ........................................................................ 11

4.7.2 DMA UART ....................................................................... 11

4.7.3 SPI Master ........................................................................ 11

4.7.4 SDIO Client ....................................................................... 11

4.8 Power Supplies .................................................. 11

4.8.1 3.3V Voltage Regulation ................................................... 11

4.8.2 Use with Supercapacitors ................................................. 12

5 Interface, Connections and Mechanical 13

5.1 Pin Types ...........................................................13

5.2 G2M5477 Module Pins ...................................... 13

5.3 Pin Grouping ...................................................... 15

5.4 Physical Dimensions ......................................... 17

6 Electrical Specifications .....................18

6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings .............................. 18

6.2 Recommended Operating Conditions ............... 18

6.3 Package Thermal Specifications ....................... 18

6.4 Digital Pin Parameters ...................................... 19

6.5 Control Signal Parameters ................................ 19

6.6 Power Consumption .......................................... 19

6.6.1 Asleep ............................................................................... 19

6.6.2 Awake ............................................................................... 20

6.6.3 Wakeup Timing and Energy Considerations ..................... 20

6.7 Sensor Interface ................................................ 20

6.8 External Power Supplies ................................... 20

7 RF Performance ..................................21

7.1 2.4 GHz Radio .... .............................................. . 21

7.1.1 2.4 GHz Synthesizer .......................................................... 21

7.1.2 Wi-Fi Receiver ................................................................... 21

7.1.3 Wi-Fi Transmitter ............................................................... 21

8 Firmware Features ..............................22

9 Application Information ......................23

10 Qualification ........................................24

11 Design Guidelines ...............................25

12 Development Kit ..................................26

13 References ...........................................27

13.1 Icon Developers ................................................ 27

13.2 G2M5477 Developers ....................................... 27

13.3 MDK Users ........................................................ 27

13.4 Standards and Excellence ................................ 27

14 Compliance ..........................................29

14.1 FCC Compliance ............................................... 29

14.1.1 Troubleshooting ................................................................ 29

14.1.2 Conditions ......................................................................... 29

14.1.3 Markings ............................................................................ 29

14.1.4 FCC Warning .................................................................... 29

15 Revision History and Glossary ..........30

G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

General Description

1 General Description

The G2M5477 is a complete Wi-Fi and networking solution incorporating an RF power amplifier and antenna, a 32-bit CPU, operating system, TCP/IP network stack, crypto accelerator, power management subsystem, realtime clock and versatile sensor interface. The module enables designers to rapidly embed Wi-Fi and networking functionality into virtually any device. It is compatible with standard pick-and-place equipment.

Ultra-low power usage and flexible power management maximize lifetime in battery-operated devices. A wide operating temperature range allows use in indoor and outdoor environments.

G2M5477 developers have access to feature-rich analog and digital interfaces that allow for straightforward connection of environmental sensors and external control.

The G2M5477 is suitable for applications in areas such as:

z Real Time Locating Systems (RTLS)

z Wireless Audio

z Industrial and Home Automation

z Health and Fitness Monitoring

z Te le m et r y

z Security

As the module is capable of independently maintaining a low-power wireless network connection, the G2M5477 is suitable for Wi-Fi enabled remote controls, headphones, portable Internet radios, toys and other battery-operated devices. Even in mains-powered devices, the G2M5477 provides cost and time-to-market benefits as a selfcontained Internet-enabling solution. It can communicate data over any existing Wi-Fi infrastructure using industry standard protocols. The G2M5477 has an operating temperature range from -30°C to +85°C.

The G2M5477 comes pre-programmed with Icon, a fullfeatured application that provides a host microcontroller with access to Wi-Fi and networking functionality via a serial communication interface. G2 provides the complete source for a host driver. With a few simple API calls to the driver, a host microcontroller can use the module to connect to a Wi-Fi network and communicate data via standard internet protocols.

Alternatively, G2M5477 developers can build applications using the G2C547 API, which provides lower level access to the RFID and sensor capabilities of the module.

At the core of the module is the G2C547 SoC, which includes a SPARC V8 processor, and on-board ROM containing the eCos operating system, LWIP TCP/IP protocol suite, security software and hardware drivers.

The module includes 8Mbits of flash memory. On reset, the G2C547 loads an application from flash memory into on-board RAM and executes the program. G2M5477 developers are provided with at least 64Kbytes of RAM for application code and supporting data structures.

The host to module UART interface runs at 115200 bps by default. Ten GPIO ports provide general purpose digital input and output. The GPIO ports can be driven by the CPU or mapped for other purposes. Eight sensor pins provide analog input and output, allowing the connection of external sensors and outputs from internal sources such as the auxiliary DAC.

The module provides an internal Wi-Fi antenna and provides a U.FL connection for an external antenna.

When in low-power sleep mode the module minimizes battery usage, but is still able to respond to certain events, including internal timers and events on the sensor and RFID interfaces. Applications that make efficient use of the sleep state can extend battery life to multiple years.

When awake, the module can run multi-threaded eCos applications and exchange data via the Wi-Fi interface.

The G2M5477 can interface to an inexpensive 8- or 16-bit microprocessor, reducing the system cost of applications with moderate processing requirements.

The G2M5477 is ideal for the vast range of applications that require long battery life, moderate processing power, moderate data throughput and occasional Wi-Fi connec

tivity.

The G2M5477 is certifiable for FCC modular approval for use in the Unites States, and CE approval for use in Europe and other countries (certification expected by February 2009).

The G2M5477 module has been designed to provide designers with a simple Wi-Fi solution: ease of integration and programming, vastly reduced development time, minimum system cost, long battery life and maximum value in a range of applications.

G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Features

2 Features

Wi-Fi

• Complete 2.4 GHz IEEE 802.11b/g Wi-Fi transceiver

• 802.11i security suite with WEP-40, WEP-104, WPAv1-PSK, WPA2-PSK, and WPA transitional modes

• High throughput - 4 Mbit/s sustained TCP/IP with WPA2

• Wi-Fi certifiable with support for WPA2 Enterprise, WMM QoS and WMM Power Save

CPU

• User-programmable 32-bit SPARC V8 clocked at 44 MHz

• On-board ROM contains eCos operating system, LWIP TCP/IP suite, security software and drivers

Interfaces

• Up to 10 general-purpose I/Os (GPIOs)

• SPI master, SDIO client (with SD-SPI slave mode), and UART interfaces

EMC Resilient

• IEC-61000-4-2: unattended recovery from EMC shocks in hostile electromagnetic environments

RFID (EPC) and RTLS

• EPCglobal Class 1 Generation-2 transceiver, with both read and write capability

• ISO 24730-2 compliant 2.4GHz DSSS transmitter and FSK magnetic receiver

Protocols

• Supports Cisco CCX-tag protocols

• Supports Internet protocols including UDP, TCP and HTTP via the included LWIP stack

Sensor Interface

• 14-bit ADC offering 35us conversion time with 0.01% linearity for analog transducers such as temperature and humidity sensors

• Auxiliary 8-bit DAC

• Low-power interface for monitoring push-buttons, accelerometers, security seals and motion sensors

Power Usage and Management

• Ultra-low-power sleep state, in which a range of wake reasons can be detected

• Keep alive doze state with instant transition to wake state

• On-board power regulators operate from alkaline, lithium manganese, lithium iron disulphide and other battery types

• Transitions from asleep to CPU-active in 1.7ms; CPU active to network connection in less than 35ms (typ)

• Consumes 4uA current when asleep, 90mW power with Wi-Fi enabled

Physical

• Operates from -30°C to +85°C

• Available in trays suitable for standard pick-and-place machines

• Physical dimensions: 20mm x 37mm x 3.7 mm

Software

• Includes Icon software providing a serial-API UART interface to a wide range of functions, including secure Wi-Fi authentication and network operations such as DHCP, DNS, UDP and TCP/IP.

2.1 Benefits

• Multi-year battery life

• Industry-leading Wi-Fi power consumption

• Design is complete, avoiding RF design and layout issues

• Ships pre-calibrated and pre-tested, avoiding expensive NRE for calibration and production test procedures

• Uses existing Wi-Fi and EPC RFID infrastructure for low TCO

• Hosted architecture - For G2M5477 developers, a full network stack on-board enables development of a low system-cost wireless internet product

• Supports a client architecture with an external 8- or 16-bit host microcontroller for shortest development time and lowest system cost

• Pre-loaded with Icon software offering simple Wi-Fi connectivity

G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Block Diagram

2.4GHz Tx (802.11)

Sensors: optional

external

components for

motion detection,

temperature

measurement,

magnetic receiver,

etc.

Flash

memory

1.3V Domain

CPU

RAM

Crypto

accelerator

ROM

AO Domain

3.3V Domain

Crystal Oscillator

1.3V Power Supply

3.3V Power Supply

40 MHz Oscillator

2.4 GHz Radio

2.4 GHz PA

PMU

G2C547

ISO 24730-2

2KB NVM

2.4GHz Rx (802.11)

ADC

Mag Rx

Timers

32.768 kHz Xtal

40 MHz Xtal

Battery

GPIO

I/O

EPC/RFID

Sensor

Interface

SDIO

SPI

G2M5477

GPIO

inc

User

UART

3V3 Boost

Enable

On-board

antenna

Optional external antenna

through U.FL connector

3V3 Boost

Regulator

1V3 Buck

Regulator

Sensor

power

DMA_ UART_TX

DMA_ UART_RX

SPI-

master

interface

802.11b/g MAC/PHY

3 Block Diagram

Figure 3-1: G2M5477 Architecture

The core of the G2M5477 module is the G2C547 chip, designed with three separate power domains to provide lower power consumption and flexible power management. A single battery, via on-board voltage regulation, supplies power to the three parts of the chip as shown in

1. The Always On (“AO”) domain is continuously

2. The 1.3V domain is powered as required from a buck

Figure 3-1:

powered, and provides a small number of essential functions which are always available.

regulator, and provides the core functionality of the G2M5477.

3. The 3.3V domain is powered as required, from a boost regulator or directly from the battery, and supplies the I/O pins, supply outputs and the 2.4GHz power amplifier.

When only the AO is powered, the module is asleep. When the 1.3V domain is also powered, the module is awake. The 3.3V domain is enabled only when the module is awake.

For more details of the chip architecture, see the G2C547 Datasheet,

[5].

G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Block Diagram

3.1 Power

The G2M5477 can be powered by an external regulator or a range of batteries. The module includes a 3.3V Boost Regulator, for use with batteries that supply a voltage lower than 3.0V.

3.2 System Power States

The G2M5477 operates in one of two main power states: asleep, in which the module has limited functionality (enough to detect wake events) but very low battery drain, and awake, in which all of the functionality of the module is available (in particular the operating system, eCos, is running) and battery drain is higher. Additionally, while awake the CPU can put itself into a doze state, where the

1.3V domain stays up, but the CPU clock is suspended (until a wake event happens).

3.2.1 Asleep (low-power)

When asleep, only the AO domain is powered, and the PMU controls operation. This is the low-power state of the G2M5477, in which it draws only microwatts of power. The CPU and all other components of the 1.3V domain are unavailable (and do not maintain their internal state). Within the AO domain, the RFID and Magnetic receivers can be enabled as required, at the expense of increased power consumption.

The functions available when asleep are simple - mostly detecting reasons to wake the CPU:

z decrement timers and detect expiry

z detect state change of the switch sensors

z monitor the sampled comparator and detect when

external parameters pass preset thresholds

z detect motion via the motion sensor

z receive and act on magnetic receiver data

z receive and act on RFID reader commands

z respond to assertion of the FORCE_AWAKE pin

z respond to battery brownout (low voltage)

z respond to IEC-61000-4-2 EMC events

from Flash memory. At this point all functionality of the module is available, in addition to that available when asleep. The module can:

z Load and execute programs from flash memory

z Use the Wi-Fi radio

z Read and write flash memory

z Read and write NVM

z Encrypt and decrypt data

z Go to sleep

z Transmit ISO 24730-2 data (DSSS and FSK/OOK)

z Take measurements using the sensor interface

z Use the GPIO, SPI, SDIO, and UART interfaces

z Configure PMU: RFID, mag receiver, sensors, etc.

3.2.3 Dozing

When awake, the module may doze - in which the 1.3V domain remains powered but the CPU is not clocked. The module uses less power in this state than when awake, and can respond very quickly to interrupt sources (the module wakes from doze in 45ns, compared to milli

seconds to wake from sleep). All memory and register contents are preserved while the module is dozing.

Section 6.6, Power Consumption shows the power used by the module in each of these states.

3.2.4 Waking Up

A wake event received when the module is asleep wakes the module. When a wake event occurs, the CPU boots the eCos operating system from ROM, loads an appli

cation from flash memory and executes it.

3.2.5 Force Awake

For debugging and development, the G2M5477 may be ‘forced awake’ by asserting the FORCE_AWAKE pin for at least 245us. This generates a non-maskable wake-event. While the FORCE_AWAKE pin remains asserted the module is prevented from sleeping or dozing.

3.3 Module Resets

3.2.2 Awake

When awake, the 1.3V domain is powered (as well as the AO domain), and the 40

MHz oscillator runs. On waking, the module boots the eCos operating system from ROM, after which the CPU loads and executes a user application

The G2M5477 is reset by any of the following events:

• An internal power-on reset, generated automatically when power is supplied. This is intended for initializing the module when a new battery is connected;

• An external power-on reset, generated by pulling the RESET_L pin low;

G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Block Diagram

• A software power-on reset, generated from software; or

• A reset triggered by a critical event, which can be:

— a brownout, generated if the supply voltage drops below the

minimum operating voltage; or

— an IEC-61000 EMC consistency failure.

3.3.1 Brownout Detection

The G2M5477 includes a brownout detector to hold the module in reset if the battery voltage falls below the minimum operating voltage.

When the G2M5477 wakes from a brownout-induced shutdown, the cause of the shutdown is indicated to the CPU. The application can then select the appropriate response.

3.3.2 EMC Resilience (IEC 61000-4-2)

The G2M5477 protects a number of critical internal configuration registers with logic to detect corruption from an EMC event. If such an internal inconsistency is detected, a non-maskable critical event resets the module.

G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Functional Description

4 Functional Description

The subsystems of the G2M5477 are:

• The Power Management Unit (PMU), which controls the module when asleep and aggregates all interrupts and wake reasons to the CPU whether awake or asleep. The NVM provides always-on memory that is accessible by both the PMU and (when awake) the CPU.

• The CPU, which executes the operating system and user applications, from which the rest of the module is configured and controlled, including the PMU.

• The Wi-Fi interface, including the ISO 24730-2 transmitter

• The cryptographic accelerator

• The ISO 24730-2 magnetic receiver

• The RFID transceiver

• The sensor interface

• The digital interfaces - SPI, SDIO client, User and DMA UART

• Oscillators and power supplies

• IEC-61000-4-2 EMC recovery, and brownout detector

4.1 PMU and NVM

The PMU manages the oscillators and power supplies, controls the G2M5477 when asleep, and aggregates all interrupts to the CPU whether awake or asleep. When asleep, the interrupts collected by the PMU also act as potential wake events - waking the module from sleep.

The PMU monitors wake events from the AO timers, the sensor interface, RFID and the ISO 24730-2 magnetic receiver. Current loop sensors can be used to wake on voltage changes on SDIO or User UART lines. Although the PMU controls the G2M5477 while asleep, and manages the power state transitions between asleep, awake, and doze, its configuration comes from the CPU.

The term NVM is used in this context to refer to memory in the Always On domain. Memory contents are lost when power is disconnected.

An NVM backup is maintained in flash memory and loaded automatically on power-up.

4.2 The CPU

The CPU is a SPARC V8 32-bit design, clocked at 44 MHz.

On waking, the CPU boots the eCos operating system from ROM. The boot code then loads an application from external flash memory into RAM and executes it.

Developers writing applications for the module are provided with the ability to debug applications, program the flash, and control the module with the DMA UART. The DMA UART connects to the G2C547 Debug UART. See the G2C547 PRM,

[3], for further details on the G2C547

Debug UART.

4.2.1 General Purpose I/O

The module has ten GPIO pins, each of which can be driven by the CPU, or from a secondary function such as the SDIO client or User UART. Pins GPIO_10 and GPIO_11 are used for the User UART, as indicated in

Table 5-2. Up to four GPIO pins can be configured as

edge or level-sensitive interrupt sources. These are active only when the CPU is awake.

As of release 0.0.1 of the Icon software, only GPIO_10 and GPIO_11 are available for use as a User UART interface. Future versions of Icon will provide general read and write access to GPIO pins.

G2M5477 developers have unlimited access to GPIO functionality.

4.3 Wi-Fi Network Interface

The Wi-Fi Network Interface provides all functions necessary to connect to, and communicate with, a standard 802.11b/g Wi-Fi network. The Wi-Fi interface consists of:

• A firmware API in ROM that includes functions for channel scan, connection, communications, and PHY layer management.

• An 802.11b/g MAC and baseband PHY.

• A 2.4GHz radio transceiver.

• A cryptographic accelerator to assist with Wi-Fi security.

• An ISO-24730-2 2.4GHz transmitter. Although not part of WiFi, the ISO-24730-2 transmitter shares the Wi-Fi 2.4GHz Transmit radio path.

Icon developers have access to the Wi-Fi Network Interface via a high-level API that issues commands over the serial interface. Example API functions include g2_start_scan, g2_set_ssid, g2_conn_connect, g2_conn_send, g2_conn_receive, etc. Refer to the Icon Programmer's Reference Manual, mation.

G2M5477 developers have access to lower level functions in the G2C547 ROM via a firmware API. Refer to the G2C547 PRM,

[3], for further details.

[1], for further infor-

G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Functional Description

USER_UART_RX

10k

22k

SENSOR_0

4.3.1 Wi-Fi MAC/PHY

The G2M5477 Wi-Fi MAC/PHY plus API provides a complete solution for Wi-Fi compliant 802.11b/g operation. It supports DCF and peer-to-peer operation, with a wide range of security suites - including WEP, TKIP, WPA1, and WPA2-PSK. See the G2C547 Programmer’s Reference Manual,

[3], for details of the Wi-Fi API.

4.3.2 Cryptographic Accelerator

The cryptographic subsystem provides hardware acceleration for AES-128, RC4, MD5, SHA-1, CRC-32, and TKIP ‘Michael’.

The AES-128 block provides 128-bit AES encryption in Electronic Code Book (ECB), Counter, and Cipher-Block Chaining (CBC) modes. All other common AES modes can be created using ECB mode.

For further information on the use of the cryptographic accelerator, see the G2C547 Programmer’s Reference Manual,

[3].

4.3.3 2.4 GHz Radio

As of release 0.0.1, Icon support for the sensor interface is limited to using SENSOR_0 to generate a wake-onserial event to wake the module from low-power sleep mode. To enable this functionality, a resistive-divider should be externally connected as shown below.

Figure 4-1: SENSOR_0 resistive divider

G2M5477 developers are provided with access via API calls to the entire sensor interface functionality.

4.5 Magnetic Receiver

A 2.4 GHz radio transceiver that includes a 2.4 GHz synthesizer is used for Wi-Fi and ISO The reference for the synthesizer is the on-board 40 crystal.

4.4 Sensor Interface

The sensor interface provides:

The switch sensors, motion sensor, and pulsed comparator are all in the AO domain, and available when awake or asleep; the SMU ADC is in the 1.3V domain and available only when awake. The sensor elements share the eight sensor interface pins.

When asleep, the sensor interface can be used to detect events such as a switch opening or closing, motion, or an analog voltage moving outside a preset window. When awake, the SMU can digitize analog signals (e.g. audio) and make high-precision analog measurements.

24730-2 operation.

MHz

z four switch sensors

z a motion sensor for use with external ball-in-tube

z a pulsed comparator

z an auxiliary DAC

z an ADC - the Sampled Measurement Unit (SMU)

z a current generator, for measurement purposes

The magnetic receiver receives and decodes ISO-247302-encoded data. It supports up to three axes, automati

cally searching for an axis that provides valid data.

The receiver can be configured to wake the module in a variety of different ways. These options simplify software design and reduce power consumption to extend battery life.

To use the magnetic receiver, G2M5477 developers must purchase a software development kit from G2 Micro

systems.

4.6 RFID (EPC) Transceiver

The AO domain contains an EPCglobal Generation-2 Class-1 RFID transceiver. This transceiver can receive and decode the full set of EPC Generation 2 Class 1 mandatory commands, in North American, European and Asian radio frequency bands (860-960MHz). The RFID interface can be used to read from and write to NVM. It supports one or two external antennas.

To use the RFID EPC transceiver, G2M5477 developers must purchase a software development kit from G2 Micro systems.

G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Functional Description

4.7 Serial Interfaces

The G2M5477 has four serial interfaces:

• A standard User UART.

• A high-speed DMA UART (also referred to as the Debug UART in G2C547 documentation)

• A SPI master

• An SDIO client including a SPI-slave

4.7.1 User UART

The User UART interface can support 2 and 4-line UART protocols. The G2M5477 logic levels do not match those of the RS232 standard, so external-level translators are required to meet the RS-232 UART standard. Hardware support is included for RTS, CTS, SRX, and STX functions.

The UART interface supports baud rates of 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 115200 & 230400 bit/s.

A note for developers interfacing with Icon: the User UART is the only serial interface supported by Icon version 0.1.0. The Icon-supported configuration for the UART is 2-wire 115200 bit/s, 8-N-1. Refer to the Icon Programmer's Reference Manual,

4.7.2 DMA UART

[1], for further information.

• Full-duplex synchronous serial data transfer

• Variable length of transfer word up to 128 bits

• MSB first data transfer

• Rx and Tx on rising or falling edge of serial clock independently

• SPI clock speed configurable from 86kHz to 44MHz

Note that the 3.3V supply powers the SPI I/O pins. The cautions in GPIO pins apply to the SPI pins.

To use the SPI master interface to control external SPIslave devices, G2M5477 developers must purchase a software development kit from G2 Microsystems.

Section 6.1 regarding external drive to the

4.7.4 SDIO Client

An SDIO client interface supporting SD-SPI, SD-1 and SD-4 modes provides a high speed data interface to the G2M5477, operating at up to 100Mbit/s. The SDIO client supports a single function - “Function 1” - a memory interface. The interface is overlaid on GPIO-4 through GPIO-9. A FIFO provides buffering between an external device and G2M5477 system RAM.

To use the SDIO interface to communicate with an external microprocessor, G2M5477 developers must purchase a software development kit from G2 Micro systems.

The DMA_UART_TX and DMA_UART_RX pins provide a high-speed DMA UART interface to the G2M5477 and a debug interface to the G2C547 CPU.

The high-speed DMA UART interface will be available for use in a future release of the Icon software.

G2M5477 developers typically do not connect the DMA UART Interface in the final product. Rather, this interface is the primary debug interface during development. The DMA UART interface is described in greater detail in the G2C547 Programmer’s Reference Manual, referred to as the CPU Debug interface.

[3], where it is

4.7.3 SPI Master

The SPI master interface is used principally to access on board flash memory. It can also be used to drive additional SPI devices. The dedicated SPI chip-select output is connected only to the on-board flash memory and is controlled directly from hardware. A secondary hardware controlled SPI chip select output can be mapped to any one of the module GPIO pins. Further SPI devices can be supported by using GPIO pins as chip-selects under software control.

The SPI interface features:

4.8 Power Supplies

The G2M5477 is designed to operate from a wide range of batteries including alkaline, lithium manganese dioxide, lithium-thionyl chloride, nickel-metal hydride, nickelcadmium and lithium iron disulphide (Energizer Lithium AA-size 1.5V: http://data.energizer.com/PDFs/l91.pdf).

The AO domain is powered continuously by on-board linear regulation of the battery voltage, which must remain in the range 2.0

4.8.1 3.3V Voltage Regulation

The 3.3V voltage regulation topology depends on the battery chemistry and arrangement used to power the G2M5477. A battery that provides less than 3.0 lifetime requires the module boost regulator to be enabled by shorting the 3V3_REG_CTRL_IN and 3V3_REG_CTRL_OUT pins, as shown in the circuit of

Figure 4-2.

Warning: The boost regulator must not be operated above 3.3 output voltage greater than 3.3 V

V to 3.7 V.

V over its

V. Figure 4-2 is not suitable for a battery with

G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Functional Description

SL12

Schottky

20 uF

1 uH

3V3_REG_CTRL_IN (18)

VDD_BATT (20)

VDD_3V3_IN (21)

Siliconix

Si2312DS

Battery

2.0 to 3.3V

3V3_REG_CTRL_OUT (17)

Short to

enable Boost

Regulator

Inside

G2M5477

Module

Outside

G2M5477

Module

Boost Regulator

3V3_REG_CTRL_OUT (17)

VDD_BATT (20)

VDD_3V3_ IN (21)

Battery

3.0 to 3.7V

Inside

G2M5477

Module

Outside

G2M5477

Module

3V3_REG_CTRL_IN (18)

A battery that supplies a voltage greater than 3.0V over its lifetime can drive the module directly, as in

Figure 4-3.

Figure 4-2: Power Supply for Battery 2.0 V to 3.3 V

Figure 4-3: Power Supply for Battery 3.0 V to 3.7 V

4.8.2 Use with Supercapacitors

The G2M5477 can be powered by a lithium coin cell. Coin cells are unable to provide the high currents required when the module is awake, so a suitable supercapacitor must be used to provide these currents. Some superca pacitors use two lower-voltage supercapacitors in series. The G2M5477 provides a SUPERCAP_BALANCE pin to share the balance across these capacitors. This pin divides the supply voltage to avoid damaging stresses to the supercapacitor. The pin consumes a lower quiescent current than would be consumed by a pair of resistors.

The Icon software imposes a power requirement that cannot be met by a lithium coin cell and supercapacitor.

To use a lithium coin cell and supercapacitor power supply, G2M5477 developers must purchase a software development kit from G2 Microsystems and develop a custom application that does not exceed the power limita tions of the supply.

G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Interface, Connections and Mechanical

5 Interface, Connections and Mechanical

The following sections discuss pin groupings, pin types, and pin descriptions. Connections with G2C547 pins are provided for G2M5477 developers only.

5.1 Pin Types

Table 5-1 introduces the types of pins of the G2M5477.

There are several kinds of pins:

• The pins of the general-purpose inputs and outputs GPIO[0..14], the SPI bus interface (SPI_MOSI etc.), and the DMA UART (referred to as the “digital” pins).

• RESET_L (referenced to VDD_BATT).

• FORCE_AWAKE (a control input to the AO domain).

• The sensor interface pins (SENSOR_IF[0..7] and the RFID antenna pins

• RF connector.

• Power

Table 5-1: Pin Types

Type Description Reset

State

Gnd Ground.

I Digital input with ~83K pull-down. 3.3V tolerant Pull-down

I/O Digital input/output (bidirectional) 8mA drive, ~83K pull-down. 3.3V tolerant Pull-down

I/O-24 Digital input/output (bidirectional) 24mA drive, no pull-down. 3.3V tolerant Z

O Digital output, 8mA drive, ~83K pull-down. 3.3V tolerant Pull-down

T Digital output, 8mA drive, no pull-down. 3.3V tolerant Z

P Power. Power pins are used to supply power and to control the power supply configuration

A-1v2 Analog. 1.2V tolerant.

A-3v3 Analog, 3.3V tolerant

RF RF input and output. Impedance 50 Ohms

C Control input. 3.3V tolerant

5.2 G2M5477 Module Pins

Table 5-2: G2M5477 Module Pins

Pin Name Function Type, Voltage Icon

Support

4436

35 NC - - - -

34 SENSOR_0 Sensor interface. Icon supports

33 SENSOR_POWER Voltage output from module for pow-

32 SENSOR_3 Sensor interface A-1v2, 1.2V max No

Ground Gnd, 0V Power GND_SLUG

A-1v2, 1.2V max Yes SENSOR_IF0

SENSOR_0 for wake-on-serial

A-3v3, 1.2-3.3V No

ering external sensors

G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

G2C547 Pin Connection

POWER_SENSORS

SENSOR_IF3

Interface, Connections and Mechanical

Table 5-2: G2M5477 Module Pins

Pin Name Function Type, Voltage Icon

Support

31 SENSOR_2 Sensor interface A-1v2, 1.2V max No

30 SENSOR_1 Sensor interface A-1v2, 1.2V max No

29 GPIO_4 GPIO I/O-24, 3.3V No

28 GPIO_5 GPIO I/O-24, 3.3V No

27 GPIO_6 GPIO I/O-24, 3.3V No

26 GPIO_7 GPIO I/O-24, 3.3V No

25 GPIO_8 GPIO I/O-24, 3.3V No

24 GPIO_9 GPIO I/O, 3.3V No

23 DMA_UART_RX DMA Serial UART RX I, 3.3V No

22 DMA_UART_TX DMA Serial UART TX T, 3.3V No

21 VDD_3V3_IN 3.3V power P

Power VDD_3V3_RING Do not connect when boost regulator is in use. Input, 3.0-3.7V when boost regulator is not used.

20 VDD_BATT Battery input

voltage

2.0-3.3V when boost regulator is in use.

Power VDD_BATT_DIRTY

3.0-3.7V when boost regulator is not used.

19 GND Ground Gnd, 0V Power -

18 3V3_REG_CTRL_ IN3V3 boost regulator switch control

input

C, Connect to 3V3_REG_CTRL_OUT to enable boost regulator

Power -

Connect to GND to disable boost regulator

17 3V3_REG_CTRL_

OUT

3V3 boost regulator switch control output

A-1v2, Connect to 3V3_REG_CTRL_IN to enable boost regulator

Power SREG_3V3_CTRL

Leave unconnected to disable boost regulator

16 SPI_MISO SPI master data in I, 3V3 No

15 SPI_SCLK SPI clock O, 3V3 No

14 SPI_MOSI SPI master data out O, 3V3 No

13 USER_UART_TX User UART Tx (GPIO_10) I/O, 3.3V Yes GPIO_10

12 USER_UART_RX User UART Rx (GPIO_11) I/O, 3.3V Yes GPIO_11

11 GPIO_12 GPIO I/O, 3.3V No

10 GPIO_13 GPIO I/O, 3.3V No

9 FORCE_AWAKE Force the CPU to wake C, 3.3V No

8 SUPERCAP_

BALANCE

Balance the centre pin voltage on stacked supercaps

A-3v3, 3.3V No

7 EPC_ANT_B EPC port B A-1v2, 1.2V max No

6 EPC_ANT_A EPC port A A-1v2, 1.2V max No

5 RESET_L Module reset. Active low C, 3.3V Yes POWERONRESET_L

4 SENSOR_7 Sensor interface A-1v2, 1.2V max No

3 SENSOR_5 Sensor interface A-1v2, 1.2V max No

2 SENSOR_4 Sensor interface A-1v2, 1.2V max No

G2C547 Pin Connection

SENSOR_IF2

SENSOR_IF1

GPIO_4

GPIO_5

GPIO_6

GPIO_7

GPIO_8

GPIO_9

CPU_DEBUG_RX

CPU_DEBUG_TX

SPI_MISO

SPI_SCLK

SPI_MOSI

GPIO_12

GPIO_13

FORCE_AWAKE

SUPERCAP_ BALANCE

RFID_ANT_B

RFID_ANT_A

SENSOR_IF7

SENSOR_IF5

SENSOR_IF4

G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Interface, Connections and Mechanical

Table 5-2: G2M5477 Module Pins

Pin Name Function Type, Voltage Icon

1 SENSOR_6 Sensor interface A-1v2, 1.2V max No

H1 EXTERNAL

ANTENNA CONNECTOR

A1 INTERNAL

ANTENNA

a. Connect to signal ground directly b. Connect to signal ground via a 10k pulldown resistor c. Leave disconnected

U.FL connector RF Yes

SMT PCB-style Antenna: antenova Rufa Right: 3030A5887-01 www.antenova.com/?id=744

Support

Yes

G2C547 Pin Connection

SENSOR_IF6

5.3 Pin Grouping

The interfaces to the G2M5477 consist of:

z Power Supply Generation: The G2M5477 supports

a wide range of battery types and 2 power supply configurations.

z SPI master: connected to the on-board flash mem-

ory, the SPI master interface can be used to control additional SPI-slave devices.

z Debug: reset, control, and DMA UART for high-

speed serial and software debug.

z Sensors: to external sensors for measuring analog

parameters (e.g. temperature, humidity, shock), and sensing security seals, motion and other parameters.

z GPIO: to general-purpose digital devices. GPIO

can also control switches, or provide a user UART and SDIO.

z RFID Antennas: up to two ~900MHz antenna for

emulating EPCglobal Generation-2 RFID tags.

z RF: to external antennas, Wi-Fi Tx/Rx and ISO

24730-2 Tx.

G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Interface, Connections and Mechanical

SPI Master

Debug/ Highspeed Serial

Sensors

GPIO

2.4 GHz

RFID

Power Supply Generation

Not

connected

Power Outputs

External Antenna Connector (U.FL)

Internal Antenna (SMT PCB-Style Antenna)

6 EPC_ANTENNA_A 7 EPC_ANTENNA_B

35 NC

SUPERCAP_BALANCE 8

3V3_REG_CTRL_IN 18

3V3_REG_CTRL_OUT 17

VDD_BATT 20

VDD_3V3 21

SENSOR_POWER 33

SPI_MISO 16 SPI_MOSI 14 SPI_SCLK 15

RESET_L 5

FORCE_AWAKE 9

DMA_UART_TX 22

DMA_UART_RX 23

GND 19,

36-44

34 SENSOR_0

30 SENSOR_1

31 SENSOR_2

32 SENSOR_3

2 SENSOR_4

3 SENSOR_5

1 SENSOR_6

4 SENSOR_7

29 GPIO[4] / SD_CMD

28 GPIO[5] / SD_D0

27 GPIO[6] / SD_D1

26 GPIO[7] / SD_D2

25 GPIO[8] / SD_D3

24 GPIO[9] / SD_CLK

13 GPIO[10]/USER_UART_TX

12 GPIO[11]/USER_UART_RX

11 GPIO[12]

10 GPIO[13]

G2M5477

Reset

GPIO/SDIO

Figure 5-1: Pin Logical Grouping

G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Interface, Connections and Mechanical

PIN 1 IDENTIFIER

PIN 1

SYMBOL MIN NOM MAX NOTE

A1.2

A1 2.25

B1 C0.2

C1 0.4

D37

D1 28.05 28.1 28.15

E20

E1 18.65 18.7 18.5

d1 2.5

Common Dimensions

(Units of measure = mm)

5.4 Physical Dimensions

Figure 5-2: Physical Dimensions

G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Electrical Specifications

6 Electrical Specifications

6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings

Table 6-1: Absolute Maximum Ratings

Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units Test Conditions/Comments

Vbatt 2.0 3.7 V

Rfmax – Maximum RF input 10 dBm To U.FL connector.

VHBM – ESD tolerance, human body model 2 kV

Input voltage for pins types: Analog 3V3 Power 3V3 O, T, I, I/O, I/O-24

Input voltage for analog pin type: Analog 1V2

Input voltage for analog pin type: RF

Input voltage on control pins FORCE_AWAKE and RESET_L

-0.3 See note V Note: The voltage should not exceed 3.7V, and should be no more than 0.3V greater than the voltage on the VDD_3V3_IN pin. Note that this voltage changes depending on the state of the module. Refer to Section 4.8, Power Supplies for a discussion of power supply operation.

See note V TBD

0 0 V This pad is an RF input or output, and is a DC short

to ground. No voltage should be placed on it.

-0.3 3.7 V

Warning: I/O voltages must adhere to Table 6-1 to avoid damage and to Table 6-4 or Table 6.5 as appropriate for correct operation.

6.2 Recommended Operating Conditions

Table 6-2: Recommended Operating Conditions

Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units Test Conditions/Comments

Vbatt – Battery voltage (1) 2.0 3.3 V Using power supply configuration of Figure 4-2.

Vbatt – Battery voltage (2) 3.0 3.7 V Using power supply configuration of Figure 4-3.

Operating temperature -30 +85 C Applies to all specifications unless otherwise

noted.

6.3 Package Thermal Specifications

Table 6-3: Thermal Specifications

Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units Test Conditions/Comments

Package + enclosure thermal resistance 20 °C/W

G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Electrical Specifications

6.4 Digital Pin Parameters

Table 6-4: Digital Input, Output, Input/Output or Tristate Pin Parameters

Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units Test Conditions/Comments

– DC pin current output - high

Digital I/O 8mA drive

– DC pin current output - low

Digital I/O 8mA drive

– DC pin high current output - high

Digital I/O 24mA drive

– DC pin high current output - low

Digital I/O 24mA drive

– DC pin input logic level - high 2.3 V VDD_3V3_IN = 3V3

– DC pin input logic level - low 1.0 V VDD_3V3_IN = 3V3

– Pull-down resistance on GPIO 8mA pins 83 k Ohms

GPIO

– Maximum crowbar current on current loop

sensor inputs

Timing skew on pins GPIO[0..14] ns

8 mA Output voltage = VDD_3V3_IN – 0.4V.

VDD_3V3_IN = 3.0V to 3.7V.

8 mA Output voltage = 0.4V.

VDD_3V3_IN = 3.0V to 3.7V.

24 mA Output voltage = VDD_3V3_IN – 0.4V.

VDD_3V3_IN = 3.0V to 3.7V.

24 mA Output voltage = 0.4V.

VDD_3V3_IN = 3.0V to 3.7V.

2 uA Input voltage 0-1.2V

6.5 Control Signal Parameters

Table 6-5: Control Signal Parameters

Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units Test Conditions/Comments

reset

force_awake

Vil (RESET_L) 0.3 Vdd_batt

Vih (RESET_L) 0.5 Vdd_batt

Vil (FORCE_AWAKE) 0.15 0.5 V

Vih (FORCE_AWAKE) 0.6 1.0

160 us Min pulse width for reset assertion

31 us Min pulse width for force_awake assertion

6.6 Power Consumption

6.6.1 Asleep

Table 6-6: Power Consumption when ASLEEP (Vbatt=2.75V)

Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units Test Conditions/Comments

Current consumption when asleep; room temperature.

Current consumption when asleep; full temperature range.

Supply current for magnetic receiver 190 uA When enabled. Note the magnetic receiver is

Time for magnetic receiver to wake and check if signal is present

4 uA Temperature < 30°C.

RFID and magnetic receiver disabled. 32kHz crystal oscillator disabled, all digital pins pulled to ground.

uA Temperature < 85°C.

RFID and magnetic receiver disabled.

intended to operate with a 1% duty cycle.

5.4 ms

G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Electrical Specifications

Table 6-6: Power Consumption when ASLEEP (Vbatt=2.75V)

Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units Test Conditions/Comments

RFID incremental supply current per RFID antenna.

RFID incremental supply current 50 uA Reader present, RFID receiver in ‘on’ state.

Sampled comparator supply current 4 uA When enabled.

32768Hz crystal oscillator supply current 1 uA When enabled.

2 uA No reader present, when in ‘listen’ state.

6.6.2 Awake

Table 6-7: Power Consumption when AWAKE (Vbatt=3.3V)

Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units Test Conditions/Comments

Program load 70 mW Does not include power to flash memory.

Program execution 65 mW

Doze 50 mW

Wait for Rx 90 mW

Rx Wi-Fi with CCK/DSSS (1,2,5.5,11 Mbit/s) 125 mW Averaged over packet of 1023 bytes.

Rx Wi-Fi with OFDM (6, 9... 54 Mbit/s) 130 mW

Tx Wi-Fi at +18 dBm 700 mW 1, 2, 5.5, or 11 Mbit/s.

Tx ISO24730-2 DSSS at +18 dBm 700 mW

6.6.3 Wakeup Timing and Energy Considerations

Table 6-8: Wakeup Timing and Energy Consumption

Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units Test Conditions/Comments

Time from wakeup event to program load start

Energy consumed from wakeup event to program load start

Time to load program from flash 0.25 ms/Kbyte SPI clock = 44MHz.

ms Min without boost regulator, and “Fast Boot” mode

Max with boost regulator, and no “Fast Boot”

mJ This includes booting eCos.

6.7 Sensor Interface

See the G2C547 Datasheet, [5], for details of the sensor interface.

6.8 External Power Supplies

SENSOR_POWER corresponds to G2C547 POWER_SENSORS. See the G2C547 Datasheet, [5], for details.

G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

RF Performance

7 RF Performance

The G2M5477 is pre-calibrated. No user calibration is required.

7.1 2.4 GHz Radio

7.1.1 2.4 GHz Synthesizer

Table 7-1: Synthesizer Parametric Specifications

Parameter Value Test Conditions/Comments

Channels supported 1-14

ISO-24730 center frequency 2441.75 MHz

7.1.2 Wi-Fi Receiver

Table 7-2: Wi-Fi Receiver Performance Specifications

Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units Condition

Receive sensitivity for 10% packet error rate for 1000 byte packet, measured using a cabled connection to port H1

RSSI resolution 0.25 dB

RSSI variation over temperature and battery voltage 2V0 - 3V7

Maximum input level for 10% PER -20 dBm 802.11b/g specification

Input return loss -12 dB Differential input from 2400 to 2500 MHz.

-70 dBm 54 Mbit/s

-72 dBm 48Mbit/s

-77 dBm 36 Mbit/s

-79 dBm 24 Mbit/s

-82 dBm 18Mbit/s

-82 dBm 12Mbit/s

-87 dBm 9Mbit/s

-89 dBm 6Mbit/s

-84 dBm 11Mbit/s

-87 dBm 5.5Mbit/s

-89 dBm 2Mbit/s

-90 dBm 1Mbit/s

3dB

7.1.3 Wi-Fi Transmitter

Table 7-3: Wi-Fi Transmitter Performance Specifications

Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units Condition

Tx Power +18 dBm

Tx EVM -28 dB

G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Firmware Features

8 Firmware Features

The G2C547 firmware provides the infrastructure required by an application program for a low-power

802.11b/g device. API features include:

z an embedded operating system (eCos)

z a TCP/IP stack (LWIP)

z start-up code

z an application loader

z interrupt handling

z power saving features

z device drivers

The G2M5477 module comes pre-installed with the Icon application, which provides a serial interface for networking functions. For more details see

Chapter 9,

Application Information.

Icon developers may fulfill all application requirements using Icon commands. G2M5477 developers requiring lower level access to the firmware functions should refer to G2C547 Programmer’s Reference Manual (PRM),

[3],

and G2C547 Application Programming Interface (API)

Reference

[4].

G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Application Information

9 Application Information

The G2M5477 Module comes pre-installed with Icon, an application that provides a command line interface to module functions.

Icon uses the UART interface for communication with the host controller. Icon provides commands to handle wireless networking procedures, including authentication and association, security and encryption and data transfer using UDP and TCP protocols.

Icon also provides access to the module high level event interface, via the eCos operating system. This makes it unnecessary to perform low-level polling to determine when to respond to module state changes.

For more details, see Icon Programmer’s Reference Manual (PRM),

[1].

G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Qualification

10 Qualification

This section is to contain information on:

z testing and quality assurance

z Operational temperature range qualification

z ESD resilience

Certification information is separate. More detail will be provided in a later revision of this document.

G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Design Guidelines

11 Design Guidelines

This section is to provide guidelines for incorporating the G2M5477 module in a customer-designed device. It covers issues such as:

z Pads

z Layout

z Reflowing

z How the internal antenna is affected by a nearby

ground plane

More detail will be provided in a later revision of this document.

G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Development Kit

12 Development Kit

The G2M5477 Module Development Kit (MDK) provides a hardware and software platform for testing and developing G2M5477 applications.

For more information refer to Getting Started with the G2M5477 MDK,

[6].

G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

References

13 References

Throughout this data sheet, references to other documents are listed. The following documents provide additional material:

13.1 Icon Developers

1. Icon Programmer’s Reference Manual (PRM) G2 Microsystems 2008

2. Icon API Reference G2 Microsystems 2008

13.2 G2M5477 Developers

3. G2C547 Programmer’s Reference Manual (PRM) G2 Microsystems 2008

4. G2C547 Application Programming Interface (API) Reference - G2 Microsystems 2008

5. G2C547 Datasheet - G2 Microsystems 2008

13.3 MDK Users

6. Getting Started with the G2M5477 MDK G2 Microsystems 2008

7. G2M5477 Users Guide G2 Microsystems 2008

13.4 Standards and Excellence

8. EPCglobal - Class 1 Generation 2 UHF RFID Protocol Version 1.09 -

http://www.epcglobalinc.org/standards

9. IEEE Std 802.11 - 2007 -

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/standards.jsp

10. SPARC V8 Architecture Manual -

http://www.sparc.org/standards/V8.pdf

G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

References

G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Compliance

14 Compliance

14.1 FCC Compliance

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation.

14.1.1 Troubleshooting

If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

z Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

z Increase the separation between the equipment

and receiver.

z Connect the equipment to an outlet on a circuit dif-

ferent from that to which the receiver is connected.

z Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV

technician.

This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules.

14.1.3 Markings

To satisfy FCC exterior labeling requirements, the following text must be placed on the exterior of the end product.

Contains Module FCC ID: U3O-G2M5477

Any similar wording that expresses the same meaning may be used.

14.1.4 FCC Warning

Modifications

Modifications not expressly approved by the manufacturer could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment under FCC Rules.

Radio Frequency Exposure

Table 14-1: Radio Frequency Exposure

Property (Units of Measurement) Value

Antenna Gain (dBi) 2.0

Numeric Gain (numeric) 1.58

Max Allowable Peak Power (dBm) +23.76

Max Allowable Peak Power (mW) 237.7

Calculated Safe Distance at 1 mW/cm

Minimum Separation Distance 20

2 (cm)

5.5

14.1.2 Conditions

Operation is subject to the following two conditions:

z This device may not cause harmful interference

z This device must accept any interference received,

including interference that may cause undesired operation.

a. Note: for mobile or fixed location transmitters the minimum separation distance is 20cm, even if calculations indicate the MPE distance to be less,

This equipment has been evaluated in accordance with the FCC bulletin 56 “Hazards of radio frequency and electromagnetic fields” and bulletin 65 “Human exposure to radio frequency and electromagnetic fields”.

A distance greater than or equal to 20 cm from the device should be maintained for safe operation in an uncontrolled environment.

G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Revision History and Glossary

15 Revision History and Glossary

Table 15-1: Document Revision History

Version Date Description

0.01 October 2008 First draft

0.02-0.10 November 2008 Corrections and additions

0.11 December 2008 Release

0.12 December 2008 Corrections

Glossary

Table 15-2: Acronyms and Abbreviations

Term Definition

ADC Analog-to-digital converter

AES Advanced encryption standard

AGC Automatic gain control

AO Always on

API Application programming interface

DAC Digital to Analog Converter.

DCF Distributed Coordination Function - see 802.11 specifi-

cation

DSSS Direct sequence spread spectrum

EPC Electronic product code

FET Field effect transistor

FSK Frequency shift keying

GPIO General-purpose input/output

IEEE

802.11b/g

MAC Medium access controller. Part of the 802.11 trans-

MDS Minimum detectable signal

MRM Mobile resource management

NRE Non-Recurring Engineering costs

NVM Always On Memory

OOK On-off keying

PCB Printed circuit board

PHY Physical layer processor. Part of the 802.11 transceiver.

The 802.11b/g standard for wireless local area networks (WLANs) - often called Wi-Fi - is part of the 802.11 series of WLAN standards from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). 802.11b/g is backward compatible with 802.11. The G2M5477 implements the IEEE 802.11b/g transmit and receive functions.

ceiver.

Table 15-2: Acronyms and Abbreviations (Cont.)

Term Definition

PMU Power management unit. A section of the G2M5477 that

controls which parts of the module are active at any time.

QFN Quad-flat no-lead package

RSSI Received signal strength indication. Measurement of

signal strength used by wireless systems to estimate the location of the clients.

RTLS Real-time locating systems

Rx Receive

SHA Secure hash algorithm

SMU Sampled measurement unit

SoC System on a chip

SPI Serial peripheral interface. A standard serial interface

used for DRAMs and other components.

TCO Total Cost of Ownership

TCP/IP TCP/IP (transmission control protocol/internet protocol)

is the basic communication language or protocol of the Internet.

Tx Transmit

WLAN Wireless local area network

WMM Wireless Multi-Media. “WMM” is a registered trademark

of the Multimedia Alliance, of which G2 is a member. The Wireless Multimedia Alliance generates specifications and practices which, if followed, lead to greater satisfaction with IEEE 802.11-compliant items.

Wi-Fi Wireless fidelity. A registered trademark of the Wi-Fi alli-

ance for certain types of wireless local area networks (WLAN) that use specifications conforming to IEEE

802.11.

G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

Microchip Technology G2M5477 Users manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

1 General Description

2 Features

2.1 Benefits

3 Block Diagram

3.1 Power

3.2 System Power States

3.2.1 Asleep (low-power)

3.2.3 Dozing

3.2.4 Waking Up

3.2.5 Force Awake

3.3 Module Resets

3.2.2 Awake

3.3.1 Brownout Detection

3.3.2 EMC Resilience (IEC 61000-4-2)

4 Functional Description

4.1 PMU and NVM

4.2 The CPU

4.2.1 General Purpose I/O

4.3 Wi-Fi Network Interface

4.3.1 Wi-Fi MAC/PHY

4.3.2 Cryptographic Accelerator

4.3.3 2.4 GHz Radio

4.5 Magnetic Receiver

4.4 Sensor Interface

4.6 RFID (EPC) Transceiver

4.7 Serial Interfaces

4.7.1 User UART

4.7.2 DMA UART

4.7.4 SDIO Client

4.7.3 SPI Master

4.8 Power Supplies

4.8.1 3.3V Voltage Regulation

4.8.2 Use with Supercapacitors

5 Interface, Connections and Mechanical

5.1 Pin Types

5.2 G2M5477 Module Pins

5.3 Pin Grouping

5.4 Physical Dimensions

6 Electrical Specifications

6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings

6.2 Recommended Operating Conditions

6.3 Package Thermal Specifications

6.4 Digital Pin Parameters

6.5 Control Signal Parameters

6.6 Power Consumption

6.6.1 Asleep

6.6.2 Awake

6.6.3 Wakeup Timing and Energy Considerations

6.7 Sensor Interface

6.8 External Power Supplies

7 RF Performance

7.1 2.4 GHz Radio

7.1.1 2.4 GHz Synthesizer

7.1.2 Wi-Fi Receiver

7.1.3 Wi-Fi Transmitter

8 Firmware Features

9 Application Information

10 Qualification

11 Design Guidelines

12 Development Kit

13 References

13.1 Icon Developers

13.2 G2M5477 Developers

13.3 MDK Users

13.4 Standards and Excellence

14 Compliance

14.1 FCC Compliance

14.1.1 Troubleshooting

14.1.3 Markings

14.1.4 FCC Warning

14.1.2 Conditions

15 Revision History and Glossary