MICROCHIP WORKSHOP-IN-A-BOX 2 User Manual

WORKSHOP-IN-A-BOX 2:

LOW POWER SOLUTIONS

DEMONSTRATION BOARD

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. DS51512A

Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices:

• Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet.

• Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the
intended manner and under normal conditions.

• There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our
knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip’s Data
Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property.

• Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code.

• Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not
mean that we are guaranteeing the product as “unbreakable.”

Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our
products. Attempts to break Microchip’s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts
allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act.

Information contained in this publication regarding device
applications and the like is provided only for your convenience
and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to
ensure that your application meets with your specifications.
MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WAR­RANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
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RELATED TO THE INFORMATION, INCLUDING BUT NOT
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Trademarks

The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, Accuron,
dsPIC, K

EELOQ, microID, MPLAB, PIC, PICmicro, PICSTART,

PRO MATE, PowerSmart, rfPIC, and SmartShunt are
registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated
in the U.S.A. and other countries.

AmpLab, FilterLab, MXDEV, MXLAB, PICMASTER, SEEVAL,
SmartSensor and The Embedded Control Solutions Company
are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology
Incorporated in the U.S.A.

Analog-for-the-Digital Age, Application Maestro, dsPICDEM,
dsPICDEM.net, dsPICworks, ECAN, ECONOMONITOR,
FanSense, FlexROM, fuzzyLAB, In-Circuit Serial
Programming, ICSP, ICEPIC, Migratable Memory, MPASM,
MPLIB, MPLINK, MPSIM, PICkit, PICDEM, PICDEM.net,
PICLAB, PICtail, PowerCal, PowerInfo, PowerMate,
PowerTool, rfLAB, rfPICDEM, Select Mode, Smart Serial,
SmartTel and Total Endurance are trademarks of Microchip
Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries.

SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated
in the U.S.A.

All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their
respective companies.

© 2004, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in the
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Printed on recycled paper.

Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2002 quality system certification for
its worldwide headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in
Chandler and Tempe, Arizona and Mountain View, California in
October 2003. The Company’s quality system processes and
procedures are for its PICmicro
devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and
analog products. In addition, Microchip’s quality system for the design
and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified.

®

8-bit MCUs, KEELOQ

®

code hopping

DS51512A-page ii  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

WORKSHOP-IN-A-BOX 2:

LOW POWER SOLUTIONS

DEMONSTRATION BOARD USER’S GUIDE

Preface

NOTICE TO CUSTOMERS

All documentation becomes dated, and this manual is no exception. Microchip tools and
documentation are constantly evolving to meet customer needs, so some actual dialogs
and/or tool descriptions may differ from those in this document. Please refer to our web site
(www.microchip.com) to obtain the latest documentation available.

Documents are identified with a “DS” number. This number is located on the bottom of each
page, in front of the page number. The numbering convention for the DS number is
“DSXXXXXA”, where “XXXXX” is the document number and “A” is the revision level of the
document.

For the most up-to-date information on development tools, see the MPLAB
Select the Help menu, and then Topics to open a list of available on-line help files.

®

IDE on-line help.

INTRODUCTION

The Low Power Solutions demonstration board is an ultrasonic range finder which
demonstrates the nanoWatt capabilities of the PIC18 devices. The Low Power
Solutions demonstration board can be used stand-alone with a programmed part, with
an In-Circuit Emulator (e.g., MPLAB
ICD 2). Items discussed in this chapter include:

• Document Layout

• Recommended Reading

• The Microchip Web Site

• Customer Support

DOCUMENT LAYOUT

This document describes the Low Power Solutions demonstration board and
demonstration software. Detailed information on individual microcontrollers may be
found in the device’s respective data sheet. Detailed information on MPLAB ICE
(In-Circuit Emulator) or MPLAB ICD (In-Circuit Debugger) systems may be found in the
respective tool’s user guide.

• Chapter 1: Introduction – This chapter introduces the Low Power Solutions

demonstration board and provides a brief description of the hardware.

• Chapter 2: Getting Started – This chapter goes through a basic step-by-step

process for getting your Low Power Solutions demonstration board up and
running as a stand-alone board or with an MPLAB ICE or MPLAB ICD.

• Chapter 3: Demonstration Software – This chapter provides a detailed

description of the demonstration software.

• Appendix A: Hardware Description – This appendix describes in detail the

hardware of the Low Power Solutions demonstration board

®

ICE) or with an In-Circuit Debugger (e.g., MPLAB

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. DS51512A-page 1

Workshop-in-a-Box 2: Low Power Solutions Demonstration Board User’s Guide

RECOMMENDED READING

The following Microchip documents are available and recommended as supplemental
reference resources. Documents may be obtained by downloading via the Microchip
web site (www.microchip.com).

• Product Data Sheets and Reference Manuals:

- PIC18F2525/2620/4525/4620 Data Sheet (DS39626)

- PICmicro

®

18C MCU Family Reference Manual (DS39500)

- MCP6291/2/3/4/5 Data Sheet (DS21812)

- TC1426/7/8 Data Sheet (DS21393)

- TC1047 Data Sheet (DS21498)

• MPLAB

®

IDE Simulator, Editor User’s Guide (DS51025)

• MPASM™ User’s Guide with MPLINK™ Linker and MPLIB™ Librarian (DS33014)

• MPLAB

• MPLAB

• MPLAB

®

ICE User’s Guide (DS51159)

®

ICD 2 Quick Start Guide (DS51268)

®

C18 C Compiler User’s Guide (DS51288)

THE MICROCHIP WEB SITE

Microchip provides online support via our WWW site at www.microchip.com. This web
site is used as a means to make files and information easily available to customers.
Accessible by using your favorite Internet browser, the web site contains the following
information:

• Product Support – Data sheets and errata, application notes and sample

programs, design resources, user’s guides and hardware support documents,
latest software releases and archived software

• General Technical Support – Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), technical

support requests, online discussion groups, Microchip consultant program
member listing

• Business of Microchip – Product selector and ordering guides, latest Microchip

press releases, listing of seminars and events, listings of Microchip sales offices,
distributors and factory representatives

CUSTOMER SUPPORT

Users of Microchip products can receive assistance through several channels:

• Distributor or Representative

• Local Sales Office

• Field Application Engineer (FAE)

• Technical Support

• Development Systems Information Line

Customers should contact their distributor, representative or field application engineer
(FAE) for support. Local sales offices are also available to help customers. A listing of
sales offices and locations is included in the back of this document.

Technical support is available through the web site at: http://[e-mail]

In addition, there is a Development Systems Information Line which lists the latest
versions of Microchip's development systems software products. This line also
provides information on how customers can receive currently available upgrade kits.

The Development Systems Information Line numbers are:

1-800-755-2345 – United States and most of Canada

1-480-792-7302 – Other International Locations

DS51512A-page 2  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

WORKSHOP-IN-A-BOX 2:

LOW POWER SOLUTIONS

DEMONSTRATION BOARD USER’S GUIDE

Chapter 1. Low Power Solutions Demo Board Introduction

1.1 INTRODUCTION

The Low Power Solutions demonstration board is an ultrasonic range finder which
demonstrates the nanoWatt capabilities of the PIC18 devices.

The Low Power Solutions demonstration board can be used stand-alone with a
programmed part, with an in-circuit emulator (e.g., MPLAB
debugger (e.g., MPLAB ICD 2).

Software to operate the ultrasonic range finder is provided. It has not been optimized
to minimize power consumption, this is left as an exercise for the user.

The Workshop-in-a-Box 2 Kit comes with the following:

1. Low Power Solutions demonstration board (Figure 1-1)

2. PIC18F4620 device

3. Low Power Solutions Demonstration Board CD-ROM, which contains:
a) Demonstration Software
b) Lab templates for hands-on exercises
c) PIC18F4620 Data Sheet (DS39626)
d) Low Power Solutions Demonstration Boards User's Guide (DS51512)
e) Labs Write-up (DS39667)
f) 8-bit PIC Microcontroller Solutions Brochure (DS39630)
g) PICmicro Power Managed Tips 'n Tricks (DS41200)
h) Power Managed PIC Microntrollers Featuring nanoWatt Technology

Brochure (DS30493)
i) Low Power Features of the nanoWatt Family Devices Presentation
j) Self-paced Learning Presentations

4. Microchip Technology Development Tool CD-ROM, containing:
a) MPLAB IDE
b) MPLAB C18 Compiler (trial version)

Optional material for exercise (not provided) include:

1. Current Meter

2. Current Meter Connector

If you are missing any part of the kit, please contact your nearest Microchip sales office
listed in the back of this publication for help.

®

ICE) or with an in-circuit

 2003 Microchip Technology Inc. DS51512A-page 3

Workshop-in-a-Box 2: Low Power Solutions Demonstration Board User’s Guide

1.2 LOW POWER SOLUTIONS DEMONSTRATION BOARD

The Low Power Solutions demonstration board has the following hardware features:

1. PIC18F4620 featuring nanoWatt Technology

2. Ultrasonic transmitter featuring Microchip Technology TC1428 CMOS Driver

3. Ultrasonic receiver featuring Microchip Technology MCP6293 Op-amp

4. Microchip Technology TC1047A temperature sensor

5. Static LCD display

6. 2 LEDs connected to RA4 and RC5

7. Green power-on indicator LED

8. Four push button switches for external stimulus and Reset

9. MPLAB ICD 2 connector

10. 4MHz crystal connected to OSC1 and OSC2

11. 32KHz crystal for Timer1 clock operations

12. Power supply connector

13. RS-232 socket and associated hardware for direct connection to an RS-232
interface

14. On-board +5V regulator for direct input from 9V AC/DC wall adapter or 9V battery

15. Jumper JP3 to measure PICmicro current consumption with current meter

16. Jumper JP1 to measure system current consumption with current meter

17. 5V to 10V boost power supply

18. Jumper JP2 to disconnect boost power supply from ultrasonic transmitter

19. Receiver output test point

20. External reference test point

21. 5V test point

22. Boost PWM test point

23. Transmitter PWM test point

24. Boost output test point

SS test point

25. V

DS51512A-page 4  2003 Microchip Technology Inc.

Getting Started with MPLAB® IDE

FIGURE 1-1: LOW POWER SOLUTIONS DEMONSTRATION BOARD

HARDWARE

1.3 LOW POWER SOLUTIONS DEMONSTRATION BOARD DEFAULT DEMONSTRATION

The Low Power Solutions demonstration board is a functional, short distance range
finder. Once enabled, it repeatedly measures distance and updates the display. The
distance is displayed in centimeters on the LCD. It continues to run for approximately
one minute, pauses until SW1 is pressed, then restarts the process. The range finder
is capable of measuring up to 60 cm.

 2003 Microchip Technology Inc. DS51512A-page 5

Workshop-in-a-Box 2: Low Power Solutions Demonstration Board User’s Guide

NOTES:

DS51512A-page 6  2003 Microchip Technology Inc.

2.1 INTRODUCTION

WORKSHOP-IN-A-BOX 2:

LOW POWER SOLUTIONS

DEMONSTRATION BOARD USER’S GUIDE

Chapter 2. Getting Started

The Low Power Solutions demonstration board may be used as a stand-alone board
with a preprogrammed device, with an MPLAB
ICD (In-Circuit Debugger) system. For a list of PICmicro
MPLAB ICE (In-Circuit Emulator) or MPLAB ICD (In-Circuit Debugger) systems, please
refer to the Development Systems Ordering Guide (DS30177).

®

ICE (In-Circuit Emulator) or MPLAB

®

microcontroller compatible

2.2 LOW POWER SOLUTIONS DEMONSTRATION BOARD AS A STAND-ALONE BOARD – PREPROGRAMMED DEVICE

The Low Power Solutions demonstration board features a PIC18F4620 prepro­grammed with functional range finder software. It can be demonstrated by following the
steps listed below:

• Verify that jumpers JP1, JP2 and JP3 are closed (shorted).

• Apply power to the Low Power Solutions demonstration board. For information on
acceptable power sources, see Appendix A.

To reprogram the sample device, the following will be necessary:

1. Program source code. User source code may be used to program the device or,

if this has previously been done, the sample program may be restored from the
file on the included CD-ROM.

2. MPLAB C18 may be used to modify the source code and the hex file can be

programmed into the device. The demonstration and tutorial software are written
using Microchip Technology’s MPLAB C18 C compiler.

3. MPLAB ICD 2 (programmer functionality available with MPLAB IDE v6.00 or

greater) can be connected to the Low Power Solutions demonstration board.
Once the sample program is in hex file format, MPLAB ICD 2 may be used to
program the PIC18F4620 or similar device.

2.3 THE LOW POWER SOLUTIONS DEMONSTRATION BOARD USED WITH AN
IN-CIRCUIT EMULATOR OR IN-CIRCUIT DEBUGGER

To use Low Power Solutions demonstration board with an MPLAB ICE (In-Circuit
Emulator) or MPLAB ICD (In-Circuit Debugger) system, refer to the tool’s user guide
for instructions on how to power-up and configure the MPLAB ICE/MPLAB ICD, as well
as how to connect to target boards.

Note: The provided stand-offs can be configured to allow the demonstration

board to stand up vertically. Pass the threaded end of each post through a
hole in the board near the “Low Power Solutions Demo Board” label and
fasten another stand-off to the first.

 2003 Microchip Technology Inc. DS51512A-page 7

Workshop-in-a-Box 2: Low Power Solutions Demonstration Board User’s Guide

NOTES:

DS51512A-page 8  2003 Microchip Technology Inc.

DEMONSTRATION BOARD USER’S GUIDE

Chapter 3. Demonstration Software

3.1 INTRODUCTION

The demonstration program is preprogrammed into the sample device,
(WIB2demo.hex). Also, this program is on the included CD-ROM program disk for user
reference, (i.e., if the sample device has been reprogrammed with another program,
the tutorial may be reprogrammed into the device).

For detailed information on the Low Power Solutions demonstration board hardware,
please refer to Appendix A.

3.2 TUTORIAL PROGRAM OPERATION

The provided demonstration program enables the Low Power Solutions demonstration
board to measure short distances using ultrasonic reflections (see Figure 3-1). This
program does not implement all system or PICmicro power management improve­ments. These improvements are left as an exercise for the user. Refer to the hands-on
write-up on the included CD for additional information on the exercises.

On power-up, the distance is repeatedly measured and the distance is displayed on the
LCD in centimeters. After approximately one minute, the process stops and waits for
SW1 to be pressed. After pressing SW1, the sequence restarts. The Low Power
Solutions demonstration board is capable of measuring distances up to 60 cm. The
distance is largely dependent on how hard, flat and large the reflected surface is.

WORKSHOP-IN-A-BOX 2:

LOW POWER SOLUTIONS

 2003 Microchip Technology Inc. DS51512A-page 9

Workshop-in-a-Box 2: Low Power Solutions Demonstration Board User’s Guide

FIGURE 3-1: DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM STATE DIAGRAM

Start

No

No

Initialize system

Turn on LED

Enable Boost

Boost ready?

Xmit Pulses

Turn Timer on

Enable Rcvr

Enable Reference

Reflection

detected?

Turn Timer off

Read Timer

Disable Reference

Yes

Yes

No

Find median

Calc distance

Update LCD

150

measurements?

Turn off LCD

Switch S1

pressed?

No

Yes

Yes

No Yes

5 Samples

taken?

DS51512A-page 10  2003 Microchip Technology Inc.

Appendix A. Hardware Detail

A.1 INTRODUCTION

The Low Power Solutions Demo Board hardware is intended to illustrate the ease of
use of nanoWatt features of PIC18 MCUs. The Low Power Solutions Demo Board
features the following hardware elements:

A.1.1 Power Supply

There are two ways to supply power to the Low Power Solutions Demo Board:

• A 9V battery can be plugged into the connector on the back of the board.

• A 9V, 100 mA unregulated AC or DC supply can be plugged into J2.

A power supply can be purchased through Microchip, Part #AC162039. MPLAB ICD 2
users may use the MPLAB ICD to power the target board to 5V, up to 200 mA, if the
MPLAB ICD 2 is connected to the PC with a serial cable. The green LED (D5) will be
lit when power is applied.

WORKSHOP-IN-A-BOX 2:

LOW POWER SOLUTIONS

DEMONSTRATION BOARD USER’S GUIDE

A.1.2 RS-232 Serial Port

An RS-232 level shifting IC has been provided with all necessary hardware to support
connection of an RS-232 host through the DB9 connector. The port is configured as
DCE and can be connected to a PC using a straight-through cable.

The PIC18 RX and TX pins are tied to the RX and TX lines of the LT1280A. The driver
can be put into a low power state by outputting a logic level low on RC4.

A.1.3 Switches

Three switches provide the following functions:

• S1 – Active-low switch connected to RB5

• S2 – Active-low switch connected to RC3

• S3 – MCLR to hard reset the processor

• S4 – Active-low switch connected to RA5

When pressed, the switches are grounded. When Idle, they are pulled high (+5V).

A.1.4 Oscillator Options

• 4 MHz crystal for OSC1 and OSC2 supplied.

• 32.768 kHz (watch type) crystal for Timer1.

A.1.5 ICD Connector

By way of the modular connector (J1), the MPLAB ICD 2 can be connected for low-cost
debugging. The ICD connector utilizes RB6 and RB7 of the microcontroller for in-circuit
debugging.

A.1.6 Temperature Sensor

This is a serial digital thermal sensor (TC1047A) connected to RE2. The sensor
outputs an analog voltage representation of the temperature.

 2003 Microchip Technology Inc. DS51512A-page 11

Workshop-in-a-Box 2: Low Power Solutions Demonstration Board User’s Guide

A.1.7 LCD

A 3-1/2 digit, seven segment LCD display displays the distance in centimeters. There
are eight segment lines (RD7:RD0) and four common lines (RB4, RB2:RB0). A
software algorithm generates the LCD waveforms. The board layout also supports four
seven segment LED modules if the LCD display is removed. The software to control
the LED display is not provided.

A.1.8 DC Boost Circuit

The boost generates a 10V output from a 5V source. The output voltage is modulated
and doubled using a CMOS Driver (TC1428), to produce a 20V, 40 KHz pulse
sequence for the ultrasonic transmitter.

A.1.9 Receiver

The ultrasonic receiver output is conditioned and amplified using an op-amp
(MCP6293) which features a pin selectable low-power mode. The low power mode is
enabled by outputting a logic level high on RE1.

A.1.10 Board Layout And Schematics

The following figures show the parts layout (silkscreen) and schematics for the Low
Power Solutions Demo Board.

DS51512A-page 12  2003 Microchip Technology Inc.

Hardware Detail

FIGURE A-1: LOW POWER SOLUTIONS DEMO BOARD PARTS LAYOUT

 2003 Microchip Technology Inc. DS51512A-page 13

Workshop-in-a-Box 2: Low Power Solutions Demonstration Board User’s Guide

FIGURE A-2: LOW POWER SOLUTIONS DEMO BOARD SCHEMATIC-PAGE 1

DS51512A-page 14  2003 Microchip Technology Inc.

Hardware Detail

FIGURE A-3: LOW POWER SOLUTIONS DEMO BOARD SCHEMATIC-PAGE 2

 2003 Microchip Technology Inc. DS51512A-page 15

Workshop-in-a-Box 2: Low Power Solutions Demonstration Board User’s Guide

FIGURE A-4: LOW POWER SOLUTIONS DEMO BOARD SCHEMATIC-PAGE 3

DS51512A-page 16  2003 Microchip Technology Inc.

Hardware Detail

FIGURE A-5: LOW POWER SOLUTIONS DEMO BOARD SCHEMATIC-PAGE 4

 2003 Microchip Technology Inc. DS51512A-page 17

Workshop-in-a-Box 2: Low Power Solutions Demonstration Board User’s Guide

FIGURE A-6: LOW POWER SOLUTIONS DEMO BOARD SCHEMATIC-PAGE 5

DS51512A-page 18  2003 Microchip Technology Inc.

Hardware Detail

FIGURE A-7: LOW POWER SOLUTIONS DEMO BOARD SCHEMATIC-PAGE 6

 2003 Microchip Technology Inc. DS51512A-page 19

Workshop-in-a-Box 2: Low Power Solutions Demonstration Board User’s Guide

FIGURE A-8: LOW POWER SOLUTIONS DEMO BOARD SCHEMATIC-PAGE 7

DS51512A-page 20  2003 Microchip Technology Inc.

NOTES:

Hardware Detail

 2003 Microchip Technology Inc. DS51512A-page 21

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DS51512A-page 22  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.