MICROCHIP TC7116A, TC7117, TC7117A Technical data

TC7116/A/TC7117/A

3-1/2 Digit Analog-to-Digital Converters with Hold

Features

• Low Temperature Drift Internal Reference

- TC7116/TC7117 80 ppm/°C Typ.

- TC7116A/TC7117A 20 ppm/°C Typ.

• Display Hold Function

• Directly Drives LCD or LED Display

• Zero Reading with Zero Input

• Low Noise for Stable Display

- 2V or 200mV Full Scale Range (FSR)

• Auto-Zero Cycle Eliminates Need for Zero

• AdjustmentPotentiometer

• True Polarity Indication for Precision Null
Applications

• Convenient 9V Battery Operation:
(TC7116/TC7116A)

• High Impedance CMOS Differential Inputs: 10

• Low Power Operation: 10mW

12

Applications

• Thermometry

• Bridge Readouts: StrainGauges, Load Cells,
Null Detectors

• Digital Meters: Voltage/Current/Ohms/Power, pH

• Digital Scales, Process Monitors

• PortableInstrumentation

Device Selection Table

Package Code Package Temperature Range

CPL 40-Pin PDIP 0°Cto+70°C

IJL 40-Pin CERDIP -25°Cto+85°C

CKW 44-Pin PQFP 0°Cto+70°C

CLW 44-Pin PLCC 0°Cto+70°C

General Description

The TC7116A/TC7117A are 3-1/2 digit CMOS analog­to-digital converters (ADCs) containing all the active
componentsnecessarytoconstructa 0.05% resolution
measurement system. Seven-segment decoders,
polarity and digit drivers, voltage reference, and clock
circuit are integrated on-chip. The TC7116A drives liq­uid crystal displays (LCDs) and includes a backplane
driver. The TC7117A drives common anode light emit­ting diode (LED) displays directly with an 8mA drive
current per segment.

These devices incorporate a display hold (HLDR) func­tion. The displayed reading remains indefinitely, as
long as HLDR is held high. Conversions continue, but
output data display latches are not updated. The refer­ence l ow input (V

Ω

TC7106/7107. V
mon in the TC7116A/7117A devices.

The TC7116A/7117A reduces linearity error to less
than 1 count. Rollover error (the difference in readings
for equal magnitude but opposite polarity input signals)
is below ±1 count. High-impedance differential inputs
offer 1pA leakage current and a 10
ance. The 15µV
solid” reading. The auto-zero cycle ensuresa zero dis­play reading with a 0V input.

The TC7116A and TC7117A feature a precision, low
drift internal reference, and ar e functionally identical to
the TC7116/TC7117. A low drift external reference is
not normally required with the TC7116A/TC7117A.

-) is not available, as it is with the

REF

-istiedinternallytoanalogcom-

REF

12

Ω input imped-

noise performance enables a “rock

P-P



2002 Microchip TechnologyInc. DS21457B-page 1

TC7116/A/TC7117/A

Package Type

40-Pin PDIP 40-Pin CERDIP

40

OSC1

39

OSC2

38

OSC3

37

TEST

36

35

34

33

32

31

30

29

28

27

26

25

24

23

22

21

+

V

REF

V+

C

+

REF

C

-

REF

COMMON

+

V

IN

-

V

IN

C

AZ

V

BUFF

V

INT

V-

G

2

C

3

100's

A

3

G

3

BP/GND

(TC7116/7117)
(TC7116A/TC7117A)

1's

10's

100's

1000's

(Minus Sign)

HLDR

D

C

B

A

F

G

E

D

C

B

A

F

E

D

B

F

E

AB

POL

1

2

1

3

1

4

1

5

1

6

1

7

1

8

1

TC7116CPL

9

TC7116ACPL

2

TC7117CPL

10

2

TC7117ACPL

11

2

12

2

13

2

14

2

15

3

16

3

17

3

18

3

19

4

20

1's

10's

100's

1000's

(Minus Sign)

HLDR

D

C

B

A

F

G

E

D

C

B

A

F

E

D

B

F

E

AB

POL

1

2

1

3

1

4

1

5

1

6

1
1

7

8

1

9

2

10

2

11

2

12

2

13

2

14

2

15

3

16

3

17

3

18

3

19

4

20

TC7116IJL

TC7116AIJL

TC7117IJL

TC7117AIJL

40

OSC1

39

OSC2

38

OSC3

37

TEST

36

35

34

33

32

31

30

29

28

27

26

25

24

23

22

21

+

V

REF

V+

C

+

REF

-

C

REF

COMMON

+

V

IN

-

V

IN

C

AZ

V

BUFF

V

INT

V-

G

2

C

3

100's

A

3

G

3

BP/GND

(TC7116/7117)
(TC7116A/TC7117A)

44-Pin PLCC 44-Pin PQFP

+

+

1

A

6543 1442

F

7

1

G

8

1

E

9

1

D

10

2

C

11

2

12

NC

B2

13

A

2

F

2

E

2

D

3

18 19 20 21 23 24

3

B

Note 1: NC = No internal connection.

2: Pins 9, 25, 40 and 56 are connected to the die substrate. Thepotential at thesepins is approximately V+. No external

connections should be made.

1

B1C1D

TC7116CLW

TC7116ACLW

TC7117CLW

TC7117ACLW

4

3

3

F

E

AB

22

HLDR

NC

NC

POL

OSC1

OSC242OSC341TEST40V

43

25 26 27 28

3A3C3G2

G

BP/

GND

REF

39

38

37

36

35

34

33

3214

3115

3016

2917

V+

C

+

REF

-

C

REF

COMMON

VIN+

NC

V

-

IN

C

AZ

V

BUFF

V

INT

V-

NC

NC

TEST

OSC3

NC

OSC2

OSC1

HLDR

D

C

B

+

REF

V

44 43 42 41 39 3840

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1

10

1

11

1

12 13 14 15 17 18

1F1G1E1

A

-

REF

REF

V+

C

C

TC7116CKW

TC7116ACKW

TC7117CKW

TC7117ACKW

16

+

-

IN

IN

COMMON

V

V

2B2A2F2E2

D2C

AZ

BUFF

C

V

37

36

35

19 20 21 22

V

INT

34

V-

33

NC

32

G

3

C

31

3

30

A

3

29

G

3

BP/

28

GND

27

POL

26

AB

4

E

25

3

F

24

3

23

B

3

3

D

DS21457B-page 2



2002 Microchip TechnologyInc.

Typical Application

TC7116/A/TC7117/A

TC7116/A
TC7117/A

+

Analog

Input

–

1MΩ

0.01µF

47kΩ

0.22µF

0.47µF

34

31

V

30

V

ANALOG

32

COMMON

28

V

C

29

27

V

OSC2

39 38

0.1µF

REF

+

IN

-

IN

BUFF

AZ

INT

R

100kΩ

+

OSC

33

C

REF

100pF

Display
Hold

HLDR

-C

2–19

22–25

POL

BP/GND

V

REF

OSC1OSC3

C

OSC

LCD Display (TC7116/7116A)

1

V+

+

V-

40

3 Conversions Per Second

or Common Anode LED Display

(TC7117/7117A)

Segment
Drive

20

Minus Sign

21

35

24kΩ

V

36

REF

100mV

26

1kΩ

To Analog
Common (Pin 32)

Backplane Drive

+

9V



2002 Microchip TechnologyInc. DS21457B-page 3

TC7116/A/TC7117/A

1.0 ELECTRICAL
CHARACTERISTICS

Absolute Maximum Ratings*

Supply Voltage:

TC7116/TC7116A (V+ to V-) ...........................15V

TC7117/TC7117A (V+ to GND).......................+6V

V- to GND.........................................................-9V

Analog Input Voltage(Either Input) (Note 1)... V+ to V-

Reference Input Voltage (Either Input)............V+ to V-

Clock Input:

TC7116/TC7116A............................... TEST to V+

TC7117/TC7117A.................................GND to V+

Package Power Dissipation;T

40-Pin CDIP ................................................2.29W

40-Pin PDIP ................................................1.23W

44-Pin PLCC ...............................................1.23W

44-Pin PQFP...............................................1.00W

Operating Temperature:

C (Commercial) Device ................... 0°C to +70°C

I (Commercial) Device.................... 0°C to +70°C

Storage Temperature..........................-65°C to +150°C

≤ 70°C (Note 2)

A

*Stresses above those listed under "Absolute Maximum
Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These
are stress ratings only and functional operation of the device
at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the
operation sections of the specifications is not implied.
Exposure to Absolute Maximum Rating conditions for
extended periods may affectdevice reliability.

TC7116/A AND TC7117/A ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Electrical Characteristics: Unless otherwise noted, specifications apply to both the TC7116/A and TC7117/A at TA=25°C,

f

= 48kHz. Partsare testedin the circuitof the Typical Operating Circuit.

CLOCK

Symbol Parameter Min Typ Max Unit Test Conditions

Z

IR

R/O RolloverError(DifferenceinReading f or

CMRR Common Mode Rejection Ra ti o

e

N

I

L

Note 1: Inputvoltages may exceed the supply voltages providedtheinputcurrent is limited to ±100µA.

Zero Input Reading — ±0 — Digital

Ratiometric Reading 999 999/1000 1000 Digital

-1 ±0.2 +1 Counts V
Equal Positive and Negative
Readings Near Full Scale)

Linearity (MaximumDeviation fromBest
Straight Line Fit)

(Note 3)

Noise (Peak to Peak 95% of Time) — 15 — µVVIN=0V

Leakage Current at Input — 1 10 pA VIN=0V
Zero Reading Drift — 0.2 1 µV/°C V

2: Dissipationratingassumes device is mounted with all leads solderedtoprinted circuit board.
3: Refer to “Differential Input” discussion.
4: Backplane drive is in phasewithsegment drive for “OFF” segment,180°out of phase for “ON” segment. Frequency is

20 times conversion rate. Average DC component is less than 50mV.

5: The TC7116/TC7116A logicinputs have aninternal pull-down resistor connectedfrom HLDR, Pin 1 to TEST, Pin 37.The

TC7117/TC7117A logic inputs have an internal pull-down resistor connected from HLDR, Pin 1 to GND, Pin 21.

-1 ±0.2 +1 Counts Full Scale = 200mV or 2V

—50—µV/V V

—1.02µV/°C “I”Device=-25°Cto+85°C

Reading

Reading

VIN=0V
Full Scale= 200mV

V

IN=VREF

V

=100mV

REF

-=+VIN+ ≅ 200mV

IN

or ≈ 2V

=±1V,VIN=0V

CM

Full Scale= 200mV

Full Scale= 200mV

=0V

IN

“C” Device= 0°C to +70°C

DS21457B-page 4



2002 Microchip TechnologyInc.

TC7116/A/TC7117/A

TC7116/A AND TC7117/A ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (CONTINUED)

Electrical Characteristics: Unless otherwise noted, specifications apply to both the TC7116/A and TC7117/A at TA= 25°C,

f

= 48kHz. Partsare testedin the circuitof the Typical Operating Circuit.

CLOCK

Symbol Parameter Min Typ Max Unit Test Conditions

TC

I

DD

V

C

V

CTC

V

SD

V

BD

Note 1: Inputvoltages may exceed the supply voltages providedtheinputcurrent is limited to ±100µA.

Scale FactorTemperatureCoefficient — 1 5 ppm/°C VIN=199mV,

SF

“C” Device= 0°C to +70°C
(Ext. Ref = 0ppm°C)

— — 20 ppm/°C “I” Device = -25°C to + 85°C

Input Resistance,Pin 1 30 70 — kΩ (Note 5)

Pin 1 — — Test + 1.5 V TC7116/A Only

V

IL,

Pin 1 — — GND + 1.5 V TC7117/A Only

V

IL,

Pin 1 V+- 1.5 — — V Both

V

IH,

SupplyCurrent (Does not Include LED

—0.81.8mAV

IN

=0V

Current for TC7117/A)
AnalogCommonVoltage

(with Respectto PositiveSupply)
T emperature Coefficient of Analog

Common (with Respectto Positive
Supply)

TC7116/TC7117A ONLYPeakto Peak
SegmentDriveVoltage

TC7116A/TC7116AONLY Peakto Peak
Backplane Drive Voltage

TC7117/TC7117A ONLY
SegmentSinking Current

2.4 3.05 3.35 V 25kΩ BetweenCommon
and Positive Supply

“C” Device: 0°C to +70°C

——

20
80

—
50
—

—
ppm/°C
ppm/°C

TC7116A/TC7117A
TC7116/TC7117

456VV+toV-=9V

(Note 4)

456VV+toV-=9V

(Note 4)

5 8 — mA V+=5.0V

Segment Voltage = 3V

(Except Pin 19)
TC7117/TC7117A ONLY

SegmentSinking Current (Pin19 Only)

10 16 — mA V+=5.0V

Segment Voltage = 3V

2: Dissipationratingassumes device is mounted with all leads solderedtoprinted circuit board.
3: Refer to “Differential Input” discussion.
4: Backplane drive is in phasewithsegment drive for “OFF” segment,180°out of phase for “ON” segment. Frequency is

20 times conversion rate. Average DC component is less than 50mV.

5: The TC7116/TC7116A logicinputs have aninternal pull-down resistor connectedfrom HLDR, Pin 1 to TEST, Pin 37.The

TC7117/TC7117A logic inputs have an internal pull-down resistor connected from HLDR, Pin 1 to GND, Pin 21.



2002 Microchip TechnologyInc. DS21457B-page 5

TC7116/A/TC7117/A

2.0 PIN DESCRIPTIONS

The descriptions of the pins are listed in Table 2-1.

TABLE 2-1: PIN FUNCTION TABLE

Pin Number

(40-Pin PDIP)

(40-Pin CERDIP)

1 8 HLDR Hold pin, Logic 1 holdspresent display reading.
29D
310C
411B
512A
613F
714G
815E
916D

10 17 C

11 18 B
12 19 A
13 20 F
14 21 E
15 22 D
16 23 B
17 24 F
18 25 E
19 26 AB
20 27 POL Activates the negative polarity display.
21 28 BP/

22 29 G
23 30 A
24 31 C
25 32 G
26 34 V- Negative power supply voltage.
27 35 V

28 36 V

29 37 C

30 38 V
31 39 V
32 40 COMMON This pin is primarilyusedto set the Analog Common mode voltagefor battery

33 41 C
34 42 C

Pin Number

(44-Pin PQFP)

Symbol Description

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3

4

GND

3
3
3
2

INT

BUFF

AZ

- The analog LOW input is connectedto this pin.

IN

+ The analog HIGH input signalis connected to this pin.

IN

-SeePin34.

REF

+A0.1µF capacitor is used in most applications. If a large Common mode voltage

REF

Activates the D section of the units display.
Activates the C section of the units display.
Activates the B section of the units display.
Activates the A section of the units display.
Activates the F section of the unitsdisplay.
Activates the G section of the unitsdisplay.
Activates the E section of the units display.
Activates the D section of the t ens display.
Activates the C section of the t ens display.
Activates the B section of the tens display.
Activates the A section of the tens display.
Activates the F section of the tensdisplay.
Activates the E section of the tens display.
Activates the D section of thehundreds display.
Activates the B section of the hundreds display.
Activates the F section of the hundreds display.
Activates the E section of the hundreds display.
Activates both halves of the 1 in the thousands display.

LCD backplane drive output (TC7116/TC7116A).Digital ground
(TC7117/TC7117A).

Activates the G section of the hundreds display.
Activates the A section of the hundreds display.
Activates the C section of thehundreds display.
Activates the G section of thetensdisplay.

Integrator output. Connection point for integration capacitor.
See Section4.3, IntegratingCapacitorfor more details.

Integration resistor connection. Use a 47kΩ resistor for a 200mV full scale range
and a 470kΩ resistorfor 2V full scale range.

The size of the auto-zerocapacitorinfluences systemnoise. Use a 0.47µF
capacitor for 200mV full scale, and a 0.047µF capacitor for 2V full scale.
See Section4.1,Auto-Zero Capacitor for more details.

operation,orinsystems wheretheinput signalisreferencedtothepower supply.
It also acts as a reference voltage source. See Section3.1.6,Analog Common
for more details.

exists (for example,the V
used, a 1µF capacitoris recommended and will hold the rollover errorto

- pin is not at analog common),anda 200mV scaleis

IN

0.5 count.

DS21457B-page 6



2002 Microchip TechnologyInc.

TABLE 2-1: PIN FUNCTION TABLE (CONTINUED)

Pin Number

(40-Pin PDIP)

(40-Pin CERDIP)

35 43 V+ Positive Power SupplyVoltage.
36 44 V

37 3 TEST Lamp test. When pulled HIGH (to V+), all segments will be turned on and the dis-

38 4 OSC3 See Pin 40.
39 6 OSC2 See Pin 40.
40 7 OSC1 Pins 40, 39, 38 make up the oscillator section. For a 48kHz clock (3 readings per

Pin Number

(44-Pin PQFP)

Symbol Description

+ The analog input required to generate a full scale output (1999 counts). Place

REF

100mVbetween Pins 32 and 36 for 199.9mV full scale. Place 1V between
Pins 35 and 36 for 2V full scale.See Section 4.6, ReferenceVoltage.

play should read -1888. It may also be used as a negative supply for externally
generated decimal points. See Section 3.1.7, TEST for additional information.

section), connect Pin 40 to the junction of a 100kΩ resistor and a 100pF capaci­tor. The 100kΩ resistoris tied to Pin 39 andthe 100pF capacitor is tied to Pin 38.

TC7116/A/TC7117/A

3.0 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(All Pin Designations Refer to 40-Pin PDIP.)

3.1 Analog Section

Figure 3-1 shows the block diagram of the analog sec­tion for the TC7116/TC7116A and TC7117/TC7117A.
Each measurement cycle is divided into three phases:
(1) Auto-Zero (AZ), (2) Signal Integrate (INT), and
(3) Reference Integrate (REF), or De-integrate (DE).

3.1.1 AUTO-ZERO PHASE

Highand low inputsaredisconnected from the pins and
internally shorted to analog common. The reference
capacitor is charged to the reference voltage. A feed­back loop is closed around the system to charge t he
auto-zerocapacitor (C
ages in the buffer amplifier, integrator,and comparator.
Since the comparator is included in the loop, AZ accu­racy is limited only by systemnoise.The offsetreferred
to the input is less than 10µV.

) to compensate for offset volt-

AZ

3.1.2 SIGNAL INTEGRATE PHASE

The auto-zero loop is opened, the internal short is
removed, and the internal high and low inputs are con­nected to the external pins. The converter then inte­grates the differential voltages between V
for a fixed time. This differential voltage can be within a
wide Common mode range: 1V of either supply. How­ever,i f the input signal has no returnwith respectto the
converter power supply, V

- can be tied to analog

IN

common to establish the correct Common m ode volt­age. At the end of this phase, the polarity of the
integrated signal is determined.

+ and VIN-

IN



2002 Microchip TechnologyInc. DS21457B-page 7

TC7116/A/TC7117/A

FIGURE 3-1: ANALOG SECTION OF TC7116/TC7117A AND TC7117/TC7117A

C

V

REF

DE (+)

DE
(–)

REF

+

AZ

C

DE
(+)

DE (–)

AZ & DE (±)

REF

-

AZ

V-

VIN+

Analog

Common

V

IN

C

+

REF

V+

10µA

31

INT

AZ

32

30

-

INT

3.1.3 REFERENCE INTEGRATE PHASE

The final phase is r eference integrate, or de-integrate.
Input l ow is internally connected to analog common
and input high is connected across the previously
charged reference capacitor. Circuitry within the chip
ensures that the capacitor wi ll be connected with the
correct polarity to cause the integrator output to return
to zero. The time required for the output to return to
zero is proportional to the input signal. The digital
reading displayed is:

EQUATION 3-1:

V

1000 =

V

IN

REF

3.1.4 R E FERENCE

The positive reference voltage (V
analog common.

+) is referred to

REF

26

C

R

INT

V

BUFF

–

+

–

+

28 35 29 27333634

V+

Low

Temp.

Drift

Zener
V

REF

AZ

Auto-Zero

Integrator

–

+

C

V

INT

Comparator

INT

+

To

Digital

Section

TC7116

V+ -3V

TC7116A

TC7117

TC7117A

3.1.6 ANALOG COMMON

This pin is included primarily to set the Common mode
voltagefor battery operation (TC7116/TC7116A),or for
any system where the input signals are floating, with
respect to the power supply. The analog common pin
sets a voltage approximately 2.8V more negative than
the positivesupply. This is selected to give a minimum
end of life battery voltage of about 6V.However, analog
common has some attributes of a reference voltage.
When the totalsupplyvoltage is largeenough to cause
the zener to regulate (>7V), the analog common volt­age will have a low voltage coefficient (0.001%), low
output impedance (≅15Ω), and a temperature coeffi­cientoflessthan20ppm/°C,typically,and 50ppmmax­imum. The TC7116/TC7117 temperature coefficients
are typically 80ppm/°C.

An external reference may be used, if necessary, as
showninFigure3-2.

3.1.5 DIFFERENTIAL INPUT

This i nput can accept differential voltages anywhere
within the Comm on mode range of t he input amplifier
or,specifically,from 1V below the positive supply to 1V
above the negative supply. In this range, the system
has a CMRR of 86dB, typical. However, since the i nte­grator also swings with the Common mode voltage,
care must be exercised to ensure that the integrator
output does not saturate.A worst case condition would
be a large, positive Common mode voltagewith a near
full scale negative differential input voltage. The nega­tive input signal drives the integrator positive, when
most of its swing has been used up by t he positive
Common m ode voltage. For these critical applications,
the integrator swing can be reduced to less than the
recommended 2V full scale swing with little loss of
accuracy. The integrator output can swing within 0.3V
of either supply without loss of linearity.

DS21457B-page 8

FIGURE 3-2: USING AN EXTERNAL

REFERENCE

V+

V+

TC7116

6.8kΩ

TC7116A

TC7117

TC7117A

V

COMMON

REF

20kΩ

+

1.2V REF



2002 Microchip TechnologyInc.

TC7116/A/TC7117/A

AnalogcommonisalsousedasVIN- r eturn during
auto-zeroandde-integrate.IfV
log common, a Common mode voltage exists in the
system and is taken care of by the excellent CMRR of
the converter. However, in some applications, V
be set at a fixed, known voltage(powersupplycommon
for instance). In this application, analog common
should be t ied to the same point, thus removing t he
Common mode voltage from the converter. The same
holds true for the reference voltage; if it can be conve­niently referenced to analog common, it should be.
This r emoves the Common mode voltage from t he
reference system.

Within the IC, analog common is tied to an N-channel
FET, that can sink 30mA or more of current to hold the
voltage 3V below the positive supply (when a load is
trying to pull the analog common line positive). How­ever, there is only 10µA of source current, so analog
common may easily be tiedto a more negative voltage,
thus overriding the internal reference.

- is differentfromana-

IN

IN

-will

3.1.7 TEST

The TEST pin serves two functions. On the TC7117/
TC7117A, it is coupled to t he internally generated digi­talsupply through a 500Ω resistor.Thus, it canbe used
as a negative supply for externally generated segment
drivers, such as decimal points, or any other presenta­tion the user may want to include on the LCD.
(Figure 3-3 and Figure 3-4 show such an application.)
No more than a 1mA load should be applied.

The second function is a " lamp test." W hen TEST is
pulled HIGH (to V+), al l segments wi ll be turned ON
and the di splay should read -1888. The TEST pin will
sink about 10mA under these conditions.

FIGURE 3-3: SIMPLE INVERTER FO R

FIXED DECIMAL POINT

V+

TC7116

TC7116A

V+

4049

FIGURE 3-4: EXCLUSIVE “OR” GATE

FOR DECIMAL POINT
DRIVE

V+

V+

BP

TC7116

TC7116A

TEST

Decimal

Point

Select

4030

GND

To LCD
Decimal
Point

3.2 Digital Section

Figure 3-5 and Figure 3-6 show the digital section for
TC7116/TC7116A and TC7117/TC7117A, respectively.
For the TC7116/TC7116A (Figure 3-5), an internal dig­ital ground is generated from a 6V zener diode and a
large P-channel source follower. This supply is made
stiff to absorb the relative large capacitive currents
when the backplane (BP) voltage is switched. The BP
frequency is the clock f requency 4800. For 3 readings
per second,this is a 60Hz square wave with a nominal
amplitude of 5V. The segments are driven at the same
frequency and amplitude, and are in phase with BP
when OFF, but out of phase when ON. In all cases,
negligible DC voltage exists acrossthe segments.

Figure 3-6 is the digital section of t he TC7117/
TC7117A. It is identical to t he TC7116/TC7116A,
except that the regulated supply and BP drive have
been eliminated, and the segment drive is typically
8mA. The 1000's output(Pin19) sinks current from two
LED segments, and has a 16mA drive capability. The
TC7117/TC7117A are designed to drive common
anode LED displays.

In both devices, the polarityindicationis ON for analog
inputs.IfV
be r eversed also, if desired.

-and VIN+ are reversed, this indicationcan

IN

BP

21

TEST

37



2002 Microchip TechnologyInc. DS21457B-page 9

GND

To LCD
Decimal
Point

To LCD
Backplane

TC7116/A/TC7117/A

T

FIGURE 3-5: TC7116/TC7116A DIGITAL SE C TION

TC7116

TC7116A

Backplane

21

LCD Phase Driver

Thousands

To Switch Drivers

From Comparator Output

Clock

4

39

OSC2

Internal Digital Ground

3.2.1 SYSTEM TIMING

TheclockingmethodusedfortheTC7116/TC7116A
and TC7117/TC7117A is shown in Figure 3-6. Three
clocking methods may be used:

1. An external oscillator connected to Pin 40.

2. A crystal between Pins 39 and 40.

3. An RC network using all three pins.
The oscillator frequency is ÷4 before it c locks the

decade counters. It is then further divided to form the
three convert cycle phases: Signal Integrate (1000
counts), Reference De-integrate (0 to 2000 counts),
and Auto-Zero (1000 to 3000 counts). For signals less
than full scale,auto-zerogetstheunusedportionofref­erence de-integrate. This makes a complete measure
cycle of 4000 (16,000 clock pulses), independent of
input voltage. For 3 readings per second, an oscillator
frequency of 48kHz would be used.

7-Segment

Decode

Hundreds

7-Segment

Decode

Tens Units

VTH = 1V

7-Segment

Decode

200

6.2V

500Ω

35

37

26

To achieve maximum rejection of 60Hz pickup, the sig­nal integrate cycle should be a multiple of 60Hz. Oscil­lator frequencies of 240kHz, 120kHz, 80kHz, 60kHz,
48kHz,40kHz,etc. should be selected. For 50Hz rejec­tion, oscillator frequencies of 200kHz, 100kHz,
66-2/3kHz, 50kHz, 40kHz, etc. would be suitable. Note
that 40kHz (2.5 readings per second) will reject bot h
50Hz and 60Hz.

3.2.2 HOLD READING INPUT

When HLDR is at a logic HIGH, the latch will not be
updated. Analog-to-digital conversions will continue,
but will not be updated until HLDR i s returned to LOW.
To continuously update the display, connect to TEST
(TC7116/TC7116A) or GROUND (TC7117/TC7117A),
or di sconnect. This i nput is CMOS compatible with
70kΩ typicalresistancetoTEST (TC7116/TC7116A)or
GROUND (TC7117/TC7117A).

V+

TES

V-

DS21457B-page 10



2002 Microchip TechnologyInc.

FIGURE 3-6: TC7117/TC711A DIGITAL S ECTION

TC7117

TC7117A

TC7116/A/TC7117/A

Typical Segment Output

0.5mA

8mA

Digital Ground

V+

Clock

40 38

OSC2

V+

To

Segment

39

OSC3OSC1

35

V+

37

21

TEST

Digital
GND

÷

4

Control Logic

1

HLDR

500Ω



2002 Microchip TechnologyInc. DS21457B-page 11

TC7116/A/TC7117/A

4.0 COMPONENT VALUE
SELECTION

4.1 Auto-Zero Capacitor

The size ofthe auto-zero capacitor has someinfluence
on system noise. For 200mV full scale, where noise is
very important, a 0.47µF capacitor is recommended.
On the 2V scale, a 0.047µF capacitor increases the
speed of r ecovery from overload and is adequate for
noise on this scale.

4.2 Reference Capacitor

A0.1µF capacitor is acceptable in most applications.
However,where a large Common mode voltage exists
(i.e., the V
200mV scale is used, a l arger value is required to pre­vent rollover error. Generally, 1µF will hold the rollover
error to 0.5 count in this instance.

4.3 Integrating Capacitor

The integratingcapacitor shouldbe selectedtogivethe
maximum voltage swing that ensures tolerance buildup
will not saturate the integrator swing (approximately

0.3V from either supply). In the TC7116/TC7116A or

the TC7117/TC7117A, when the analog common is
used as a reference,anominal±2Vfullscaleintegrator
swing i s acceptable. For the TC7117/TC7117A, with
±5V supplies and analog common tied to supply
ground, a ±3.5V t o ±4V swing is nominal. For 3 read­ings per second (48kHzclock),nominalvaluesforC
are 0.22µ1F and 0.10µF, respectively. If different oscil­lator frequencies are used, t hese values should be
changed in inverse proportion to maintain the output
swing. The integrating capacitor must have low dielec­tric absorptiontopreventrollover errors. Polypropylene
capacitors are r ecommended for this application.

4.4 Integrating Resistor

Both the bufferamplifierandtheintegrator have a class
A output stage with 100µA of quiescent current. They
can supply 20µA of drive current with negligible non­linearity. The integrating resistor should be large
enough to remain in this very linear region over the
input voltage range, but small enough that undue leak­age r equirements are not placed on the PC board. For
2V full scale, 470kΩ is near optimum and, si milarly,
47kΩ for 200mV full scale.

4.5 Oscillator Components

For all frequency ranges, a 100kΩ resistor is recom­mended; the capacitor is selected from the equation:

EQUATION 4-1:

For a 48kHz clock (3 readings per second), C = 100pF.

- pin is not at analog common), and a

IN

0.45

f

-----------=
RC

INT

4.6 Reference Voltage

To generate full scale output (2000 counts), the analog
input requirement is V
and 2V scale, V

=2V

IN

should equal 100mV and 1V,

REF

. Thus, for the 200mV

REF

respectively. In many applications, where the ADC is
connected to a transducer, a scale factor exists
between the input voltage and the digital reading. For
instance,inameasuringsystem,the designermight like
tohaveafullscalereadingwhenthevoltagefromthe
transducer is 700mV. Insteadof dividingthe input down
to 200mV, the designer should use the input voltage
directly and select V

= 350mV. Suitable values for

REF

integrating resistor and capacitor would be 120kW and

0.22µF. Thismakesthe system slightly quieter and also
avoids a divider network on the input. The TC7117/
TC7117A, with ±5V supplies, can accept input signals
up to ±4V. Another advantage of this system is when a
digital reading of zero is desired for V

≠ 0. Tempera-

IN

ture and weighing systems with a variable tare are
examples.Thisoffset reading can be conveniently gen­erated by connecting the voltage transducer between
V

+ and analog common, and the variable (or fixed)

IN

offsetvoltagebetweenanalogcommon and V

-.

IN

5.0 TC7117/TC7117A POWER
SUPPLIES

The TC7117/TC7117A are designed to operate from
±5Vsupplies.However,ifanegativesupplyisnotavail­able,itcanbegeneratedwithaTC7660DC-to-DCcon­verter and two capacitors. Figure 5-1 shows this
application.

In selected applications, a negative supply is not
required. The conditions for using a single +5V supply
are:

1. The i nput signalcan be referenced to the center

of the Common mode range of the converter.

2. The signal is less than ±1.5V.

3. An external reference is used.

FIGURE 5-1: NEGATIVE P OWER

SUPPLY GENERATION
WITH TC7660

+5V

35

10µF

V+

LED
Drive

2

+

TC7660

4

3

8

+

10µF

TC7117

TC7117A

V-

(-5V)5

36

V

+

REF

32

COM

31

+

V

IN

30

-

V

IN

21

GND

26

+

V

IN

–

DS21457B-page 12



2002 Microchip TechnologyInc.

TC7116/A/TC7117/A

6.0 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS

The TC7117/TC7117A sink the LED display current,
causing heat to build up in the IC package. If the inter­nal voltage reference is used, the changing chip tem­perature can cause the display to change reading. By
reducingtheLED common anode voltage, the TC7117/
TC7117A packagepower dissipation is reduced.

Figure 6-1 is a curve tracer display showing the rela­tionship between output current and output voltage f or
typical TC7117CPL/TC7117ACPL devices. Since a
typical LED has 1.8V across it at 8mA and its common
anode i s connected to +5V, the TC7117/TC7117A out­put is at 3.2V (Point A, Figure 6-1). Maximum power
dissipationis 8.1mA x 3.2V x 24 segments = 622mW.

However,notice that once the TC7117/TC7117A's out­put voltage is above 2V, the LED current is essentially
constant as output voltage increases. Reducing the
output voltage by 0.7V (Point B Figure 6- 1) results in

7.7mA of LED current, only a 5% reduction. Maximum
power dissipation is now only 7.7mA x 2.5V x 24 =
462mW, a r eduction of 26%. An output voltage reduc­tion of 1V (Point C) reduces LED current by 10%
(7.3mA), but power dissipation by 38% (7.3mA x 2.2V
x 24 = 385mW).

FIGURE 6-1: TC7117/TC7117A OUTPUT

VS. OUTPUT VOLTAGE

10.000

9.000

8.000

7.000

Output Current (mA)

B

C

A

In addition to limiting maximum power dissipation, the
resistor reduces change in power dissipation as the
display changes. The effect is caused by the fact t hat,
as fewer segments are ON, each ON output drops
more voltage and current. For the best case of six seg­ments(a“111”display) to worst case (a “1888” display),
the resistor circuit will change about 230mW, while a
circuit without the resistor will change about 470mW.
Therefore, the resistor w ill reduce the effect of display
dissipationon r eference voltage drift by about 50%.

The changein LED brightness caused by the resistor is
almost unnoticeable as more segments turn off. If dis­play brightness remaining steady is very important to
the designer, a diode may be used instead of the
resistor.

FIGURE 6-2: DIODE OR RESISTOR

LIMITSPACKAGEPOWER
DISSIPATION

–

0.47

47
kΩ

-5V

150kΩ

µF

0.22

µ

F

Display

4

20101

1MΩ

TP3

0.1
µF

TC7117A

In

+

0.01
µF

3035 21

TC7117

Display

+5V

24kΩ

1kΩ

100

pF

TP5

100

40 TP

kΩ

TP2

TP1

1.5W, 1/4Ω

1N4001

6.000

2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00

OutputVoltage (V)

Reduced power dissipation is very easy to obtain.
Figure 6-2 shows two ways: either a 5.1Ω,1/4Wresis­tor,or a 1A diode placed in series with the di splay (but
not in series with the TC7117/TC7117A). The resistor
reduces the TC7117/TC7117A's output voltage (when
all24 segmentsareON) to Point C of Figure 6-1.When
segments turn off, the output voltage will increase. The
diode, however, will result in a relatively steady output
voltage, around Point B.



2002 Microchip TechnologyInc. DS21457B-page 13

TC7116/A/TC7117/A

FIGURE 6-3: TC7116/TC7117A USING THE INTERNAL REFERENCE

(200mV FULL SCALE, 3 READINGS PER SECO ND - RPS)

TC7116

TC7116A

40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21

Set V

100kΩ

100pF

0.1pF

0.47µF

0.22µF

To Display

To Backplane

1kΩ

47kΩ

REF

0.01µF

= 100mV

1MΩ

FIGURE 6-4: TC7117/TC7117A INTERNAL REFERENCE

(200mV FULL SCALE, 3 RPS, V

TC7117

TC7117A

40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21

100kΩ

100pF

0.1pF

0.47µF

0.22µF

To Display

- TIED TO GND FOR SINGLE ENDED INPUTS)

IN

Set V

1kΩ

REF

0.01µF

47kΩ

= 100mV

22kΩ

1MΩ

22kΩ

+

In

+

–

9V

–

+5V

+

In

–

-5V

DS21457B-page 14



2002 Microchip TechnologyInc.

TC7116/A/TC7117/A

g

FIGURE 6-5: CIRCUIT FOR DEVELOPING UNDER RANGE AND OVER RANGE SIGNALS

FROM TC7116/TC7117A OUTPUTS

V+

To Logic V

CC

TC7116

40

35

To Logic

GND

TC7116A

V-

O/R

26

U/R

2120

CD4023
or 74C10

CD4077

O/R = Over Range
U/R = Under Ran

e

FIGURE 6-6: TC7117/TC7117A WITH A 1.2 E X TERNAL BANDGAP REF ER ENCE

- TIED TO COMMON)

(V

IN

TC7117

TC7117A

40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21

0.1pF

0.47µF

0.22µF

To Display

100kΩ

100pF

1kΩ

Set V

0.01µF

47kΩ

REF

10kΩ

1.2V

= 100mV

10kΩ

1MΩ

V+

+

In

–



2002 Microchip TechnologyInc. DS21457B-page 15

TC7116/A/TC7117/A

FIGURE 6-7: RECOMMENDED COMPONEN T VALUES FOR 2 V FULL SCALE

(TC7116/TC7116A AND TC7117/TC7117A)

TC7116

TC7116A

TC7117

TC7117A

40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21

0.1µF

0.047µF

0.22µF

To Display

Set V

100kΩ

100pF

25kΩ

REF

0.01

470kΩ

= 1V

24kΩ

1M

µ

F

V+

Ω

+

In

–

V-

FIGURE 6-8: TC7117/TC7117A OPERATED FROM S INGLE +5V SUPPLY

(AN EXTERNAL REFERENCE M UST BE USED IN THIS APP LICATION)

TC7117

TC7117A

40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21

0.1pF

0.47µF

0.22µF

To Display

100kΩ

100pF

1kΩ

Set V

0.01µF

47kΩ

REF

10kΩ

1.2V

= 100mV

10kΩ

1MΩ

V+

+

In

–

DS21457B-page 16



2002 Microchip TechnologyInc.

7.0 PACKAGING INFORMATION

7.1 Package Marking Information

Package marking data not available at this time.

7.2 Taping Form

Component Taping Orientation for 44-Pin PLCC Devices

PIN 1

TC7116/A/TC7117/A

User Direction of Feed

W

P

Standard Reel Component Orientation
for TR Suffix Device

Carrier Tape, Number of Components Per Reel and Reel Size

Package Carrier Width (W) Pitch (P) Part Per Full Reel Reel Size

44-Pin PLCC 32 mm 24 mm 500 13 in

Note: Drawing does not represent total number of pins.

Component Taping Orientation for 44-Pin PQFP Devices

User Direction of Feed

PIN 1

W

P

Standard Reel Component Orientation
for TR Suffix Device

Carrier Tape, Number of Components Per Reel and Reel Size

Package Carrier Width (W) Pitch (P) Part Per Full Reel Reel Size

44-Pin PQFP 24 mm 16 mm 500 13 in

Note: Drawing does not represent total number of pins.



2002 Microchip TechnologyInc. DS21457B-page 17

TC7116/A/TC7117/A

7.3 Package Dimensions

40-Pin PDIP (Wide)

.200 (5.08)
.140 (3.56)

.150 (3.81)
.115 (2.92)

.110 (2.79)
.090 (2.29)

2.065 (52.45)

2.027 (51.49)

.070 (1.78)
.045 (1.14)

.022 (0.56)
.015 (0.38)

PIN 1

.555 (14.10)
.530 (13.46)

.040 (1.02)
.020 (0.51)

.015 (0.38)
.008 (0.20)

.610 (15.49)
.590 (14.99)

3° MIN.

.700 (17.78)
.610 (15.50)

Dimensions: inches (mm)

40-Pin CERDIP (Wide)

.098 (2.49) MAX.

2.070 (52.58)

2.030 (51.56)

.210 (5.33)
.170 (4.32)

.200 (5.08)
.125 (3.18)

.110 (2.79)
.090 (2.29)

.065 (1.65)
.045 (1.14)

.020 (0.51)
.016 (0.41)

PIN 1

.540 (13.72)
.510 (12.95)

.030 (0.76) MIN.

.060 (1.52)
.020 (0.51)

.150 (3.81)

MIN.

.015 (0.38)
.008 (0.20)

.620 (15.75)
.590 (15.00)

3° MIN.

.700 (17.78)
.620 (15.75)

Dimensions: inches (mm)

DS21457B-page 18



2002 Microchip TechnologyInc.

7.3 Package Dimensions (Continued)

(

TC7116/A/TC7117/A

44-Pin PLCC

.695 (17.65)
.685 (17.40)

.656 (16.66)
.650 (16.51)

44-Pin PQFP

.656 (16.66)
.650 (16.51)

.695 (17.65)
.685 (17.40)

PIN 1

.050 (1.27) TYP.

.021 (0.53)
.013 (0.33)

.630 (16.00)
.591 (15.00)

.032 (0.81)
.026 (0.66)

.020 (0.51) MIN.

.120 (3.05)
.090 (2.29)

.180 (4.57)
.165 (4.19)

Dimenisons: inches (mm)

7° MAX.

PIN 1

.018 (0.45)
.012 (0.30)

.031 (0.80) TYP.

.398 (10.10)

.390 (9.90)

.557 (14.15)
.537 (13.65)

.398 (10.10)

.390 (9.90)

.557 (14.15)
.537 (13.65)

.009 (0.23)
.005 (0.13)

.096

.041 (1.03)
.026 (0.65)

.010 (0.25) TYP.

.083 (2.10)
.075 (1.90)

2.45) MAX.

Dimenisons: inches (mm)



2002 Microchip TechnologyInc. DS21457B-page 19

TC7116/A/TC7117/A

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM

To order or obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, refer to the factory or the listed sales office.

PART CODE TC711X X X XXX

6 = LCD
7 = LED

A or blank*

R (reversed pins) or blank (CPL pkg only)

* "A" parts have an improved reference TC

Package Code (see Device Selection Table)

SALES AND SUPPORT

Data Sheets

Products supportedby a preliminary Data Sheet may have an errata sheet describing minor operational differences and recom­mendedworkarounds.To determine if an erratasheet exists for a particulardevice, please contactoneof the following:

1. Your local Microchip sales office

2. The Microchip CorporateLiterature Center U.S. FAX: [phone]

3. The Microchip Worldwide Site (www.microchip.com)

}

Pleasespecify which device, revision of silicon and Data Sheet (includeLiterature#) you are using.

New Customer Notification System

Register on our web site (www.microchip.com/cn) to receive the most current information on our products.

DS21457B-page 20



2002 Microchip TechnologyInc.

TC7116/ATC7117/A

Information contained in this publication regarding device
applications and the like is intended through suggestion only
and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to
ensure that your application meets with your specifications.
No representation or warranty is given and no liability is
assumed by Microchip Technology Incorporated with respect
to the accuracy or use of such information, or infringement of
patents or other intellectual property rights arising from such
use or otherwise. Use of Microchip’s products as critical com­ponents in life support systems is not authorized except with
express written approval by Microchip. No licenses are con­veyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any intellectual property
rights.

Trademarks

The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, FilterLa b,
K

EELOQ,microID,MPLAB,PIC,PICmicro,PICMASTER,

PICSTART, PRO MATE, SEEV AL and The Embedded Control

SolutionsCompany areregiste red trademarksof MicrochipTech­nologyIncorp or ated in the U.S.A. and other countries .

dsPIC, ECONOMONITOR, FanSense, FlexROM, fuzzyLAB,
In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, ICEPIC, microPort,
Migratable Memory, MPASM, MPLIB, MPLINK, MPSIM,
MXDEV, PICC, PICDEM, PICDE M .n et , rfPIC, Select Mode
and TotalEndurancearetrademarksofMicrochipTechnology
Incorporated in the U.S.A.

Serialized Quick Turn Programming (SQTP) is a service mark
of Microchip TechnologyIncorporated in t he U.S.A.

All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their
respective companies.

© 2002, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in the
U.S.A., All Rights Reserved.

Printed on recycled paper.

Microchip received QS-9000 quality system
certification for its worldwide headquarters,
design and wafer fabrication facilities in
Chandler and Tempe, Arizona in July 1999
and Mountain View, California in March 2002.
The Company’s quality system processes and
procedures are QS-9000 compliant for its

®

PICmicro
devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals,
non-volatile memory and analog products. In
addition, Microchip’s quality system for the
design and manufacture of development
systemsisISO 9001certified.



2002 Microchip TechnologyInc. DS21457B-page 21

8-bit MCUs, KEELOQ®code hopping

WORLDWIDE SALES AND SERVICE

AMERICAS

Corporate Office

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No. 88 TIDU Street
Chengdu 610016, China
Tel: [phone] Fax: [phone]

China - Fuzhou

Microchip Technology Consulting (Shanghai)
Co., Ltd., Fuzhou Liaison Office
Unit 28F, World Trade Plaza
No. 71 Wusi Road
Fuzhou 350001, China
Tel: [phone] Fax: [phone]

China - Shanghai

Microchip Technology Consulting (Shanghai)
Co., Ltd.
Room 701, Bldg. B
Far East International Plaza
No. 317 Xian Xia Road
Shanghai, 200051
Tel: [phone] Fax: [phone]

China - Shenzhen

Microchip Technology Consulting (Shanghai)
Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Liaison Office
Rm. 1315, 13/F , Shenzhen Kerry Centre,
Renminnan Lu
Shenzhen 518001, China
Tel: [phone] Fax: [phone]

Hong Kong

Microchip Technology Hongkong Ltd.
Unit 901-6, Tower 2, Metroplaza
223 Hing Fong Road
Kwai Fong, N.T., Hong Kong
Tel: [phone] Fax: [phone]

India

Microchip Technology Inc.
India Liaison Office
Divyasree Chambers
1 Floor, Wing A (A3/A4)
No. 11, O’Shaugnessey Road
Bangalore, 560 025, India
Tel: [phone] Fax: [phone]

Japan

Microchip Technology Japan K.K.
Benex S-1 6F
3-18-20, Shinyokohama
Kohoku-Ku, Yokohama-shi
Kanagawa, 222-0033, Japan
Tel: [phone] Fax: [phone]

Korea

Microchip Technology Korea
168-1, Youngbo Bldg. 3 Floor
Samsung-Dong, Kangnam-Ku
Seoul, Korea 135-882
Tel: [phone] Fax: [phone]

Singapore

Microchip Technology Singapore Pte Ltd.
200 Middle Road
#07-02 Prime Centre
Singapore, 188980
Tel: [phone] Fax: [phone]

Taiwan

Microchip Technology Taiwan
11F-3, No. 207
Tung HuaNorth Road
Taipei, 105, Taiwan
Tel: [phone] Fax: [phone]

EUROPE

Denmark

Microchip Technology Nordic ApS
Regus Business Centre
Lautrup hoj 1-3
Ballerup DK-2750 Denmark
Tel: [phone] Fax: [phone]

France

Microchip Technology SARL
Parc d’Activite du Moulin de Massy
43 Rue du Saule Trapu
Batiment A - ler Etage
91300 Massy, France
Tel: [phone] Fax: [phone]

Germany

Microchip Technology GmbH
Gustav-Heinemann Ring 125
D-81739 Munich, Germany
Tel: [phone] Fax: [phone]

Italy

Microchip Technology SRL
Centro Direzionale Colleoni
Palazzo Taurus 1 V. Le Colleoni 1
20041 Agrate Brianza
Milan, Italy
Tel: [phone] Fax: [phone]

United Kingdom

Arizona Microchip Technology Ltd.
505 Eskdale Road
Winnersh Triangle
Wokingham
Berkshire, EnglandRG41 5TU
Tel: [phone] Fax: [phone]

03/01/02

DS21457B-page 22

*DS21457B*



2002 Microchip Technology Inc.