MICROCHIP MPLAB ICE User Manual
M MPLAB
Processor Module and Device Adapter Specification
®
ICE
CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................1
2.0 TERMINOLOGY.................................................1
3.0 PROCESSOR MODULES..................................2
4.0 EMULATOR-RELATED ISSUES.........................4
5.0 DEVICE ADAPTER ISSUES ..............................5
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The Processor Modules for MPLAB ICE are
interchangeable personality modules that allow
MPLAB ICE to be reconfigured for emulation of different PICmicro
ity allows the emulation of many different devices by
the addition of just a Processor Module and Device
Adapter , which makes for a very cos t effective mult iprocessor emulation system.
The Device Adapters for MPLAB ICE are interchangeable assemblies that allow the emulator system to
interface to a target application system. Device Adapters also hav e co ntr ol l ogic t hat all ows t he ta rge t app lication to provide a clock source and power to the
Processor Module. The Device Adapters support PICmicro MCUs in DIP, SDIP, and PLCC packages.
Transition Socke ts, used alo ng wit h a De vice Adap ter,
provide a method o f accommod ating all PICmi cro MCU
packages, including SOIC, SSOP, PQFP, and TQFP
packages.
®
microcontrollers (MC Us ). Th is mo dul ar-
2.0 TERMINOLOGY
A brief overview of t he dif ferent comp onents of the system is shown in the figure below. Each component is
discussed in the following subsections.
FIGURE 2-1: MPLAB ICE EMULATOR
SYSTEM
Host to Pod Cable
2.1 Host to Pod Cable
This is a standard parallel interface cable. MPLAB ICE
is tested with a 6-foot cable. A longer cable may work,
but is not guaranteed. The cable connects to a parallel
port on the PC. If a PC has a printer connected to an
LPT device, it i s rec om me nde d t hat an additional int erface card be installe d, rather than using a splitter o r an
A/B switch.
2.2 Emulator Pod
Logic Probe
Connector
Emulator Pod
Processor Module
Flexible C ir cuit
Cable
Device
Adapter
Transition
Socket
The Emulator Pod cont ains emu lator memo ry and control logic. MPLAB ICE 200 0 c on t ain s a m ai n b oard an d
an additional board for expanded trace memory and
complex control logic. There are no field serviceable
parts in the pod. For more information on the pod, see
the MPLAB ICE User’s Guide (DS51159).
The MPLAB ICE Processor Module is inserted into the
pod for operation.
2.3 Processor Module
The Processor Module contains the emulator chip,
logic and low-voltage circuitry. There are no field serviceable parts mounted on the printed circuit board
housed within the Processor Module enclosure.
MPLAB is a registered trademark of Microchip Technology Inc.
PICMASTER is a registered trademark of Microchip Technology Inc.
2001 Microchip Technology Inc. DS51140D-page 1
MPLAB® ICE
2.4 Flex Circuit Cable
Once the Processor Modu le is inserted i nto the Em ulator Pod, the flex circ uit c able e xtends th e emu lator s ystem to the target applicat ion. This is a custom cable that
is attached inside the Process or Module en closure and
can be replaced in the fi eld by remov ing the e nd cap of
the Processor Module enclosure.
Please, DO NOT PULL on the flex circuit cable to
remove the Processor Module from the pod. Use the
fins of the Processor Module end cap to leverage the
module from the pod.
2.5 Device Adapter
The Device Adapter provides a common interface for
the device being emulated. They are provided in standard DIP and PLCC styles. The adapter also contains
a special device that provides an oscillator clock to
accurately emulate the oscillator characteristics of the
PICmicro MCU.
2.6 Transition Socket
Transition Sockets are available in various styles to
allow a common Device Adapter to be con nected to
one of the supported surface mount package styles.
Transition Sockets are available for various pin counts
and pitches for SOIC, QFP and other styles. For more
information on transition sockets, see the MPLAB ICE
Transition Socket Specification (DS51194).
An emulator system consists of the following components which are ordered separately:
• An Emulator Pod (including the host-to-pod cable
and power supply)
• A Processor Module (including the flex circuit
cable)
• A Device Adapter
• An optional Transition Socket (for surface mount
emulation)
3.0 PROCESSOR MODULES
Processor Modules are identified on the top of the
assembly (e .g., PCM 17X A0). To determine whic h pr ocessors are supporte d by a specific module, refer to the
latest Development Systems Ordering Guide
(DS30177) or Product Line Ca rd (DS00148). Both can
be found on our Web site (www.microchip.com).
A typical Processor Module contains a special bondout version of a PICmicro MCU, device buffers to control data flow an d control logic. It provides the means of
configuring the MPLAB ICE em ulator for a specific PICmicro MCU family and handles low-voltage emulation
when needed.
Note: When removing the Processor Module,
DO NOT pull on the flex cable. Use the
tabs on the Processor Module or damage
to the flex cable may occur.
3.1 POWER
The operating voltage for most of the control logic and
buffering on the Processor Module is +5V and is
supplied by the Emulator Pod. Power to the emulator
processor and some of its surrounding buffers is user
selectable, and can be powered by the Emulator Pod
(at +5V only) or the target application system (from
2.0V to 5.5V). This is software s electa ble and is co nfigurable through the MP LAB IDE software. At no time will
the emulator system directly power the target application system. ALW AYS insert the Processor Module into
the Emulator Pod before applying power to the pod.
When connecting to a target application system, the
user may notice a voltage level on the t arget appl ication
even though they ha ve not y et applied power to th e t arget application ci rcuit. This is normal, an d is due to c urrent leakage through V
current leakage will typically be less than 20 mA.
However, if the target application is using a voltage
regulator, it should be noted that some regulators
require the use of an extern al shu nt diode be tween V
and VOUT for reverse-bias protection. Refer to the
manufacturer’s data sheets for additional information.
3.1.1 EMULATOR PROCESSOR POWER SUPPLIED BY EMULATOR SYSTEM
If the emulator system is selected to power the
emulator processor i n th e Proc essor Module, the emulator system can be operated without being connected
to a target appli cation. If the syst em is bei ng co nnected
to a target application, the power to the pod should be
applied before app lying power to th e target appli cation.
Note that the tar get applica tion syst em’s V
rience a small current load (10 mA typical) when the
emulator system is connected via a Device Adapter.
This is because the target system must always power
the clock chip in the Processor Module.
3.1.2 EMULATOR PROCESSOR POWER SUPPLIED BY TARG ET APPLICATION SYSTEM
When the MPLAB IDE softwa re is brought up, the emulator system is first initialized with the emulator system
powering the emulator processor. The “Processor
Power Supplied by Target Board” option may then be
selected using the Power tab of the Options>Development Mode dialog to p ower the Pr ocessor Mod ule from
the target board.
When operating from external power, the Processor
Module will typi cally represen t a current loa d equivalent
to the device being emulated (according to its data
sheet) plus approximately 100 mA. Keep in mind that
the target applicat io n will affect the overall curren t loa d
of the Processor Module, dependent upon the load
placed upon the processor I/O.
CC of the Devic e Adapter. The
CC will expe-
IN
DS51140D-page 2 2001 Microchip Technology Inc.
Processor Module and Device Adapter Specification
When the processor power is supplied by the target
application system, an external clock (from the target
board) may also be provide d. MPLAB IDE will not allow
use of an external clock without the use of external
power.
3.1.3 OPERATING VOLTAGE OF 4.6 TO 5.5 VOLTS
If the target application system’s operating voltage is
between 4.55V (±120 mV) and 5.5V, the Processor
Module will consider this a STANDARD VOLTAGE
condition. In this mode the processor can run to its
highest rated speed (as indicated in its data sheet).
The recommended power-up sequence is:
1. Apply power to the PC host.
2. Apply power to the Emulator Pod and Processor
Module assembly.
3. Invoke MPLAB IDE.
4. Configure system for Processor Power Supp lied
by Target Board through the Power tab of the
Options/Development Mode dialog box.
5. At the error message, apply power to the target
application circuit. Then acknowledge the error.
6. Issue a System Reset (from the Debug Menu)
before proceeding.
3.1.4 OPERATING VOLTAGE OF 2.0 TO 4.6 VOLTS
If the target application system’s operating voltage is
between 2.0V and 4.55V (±120 mV), the Processor
Module will consider this a LOW VOLTAGE condition.
In this mode the processor is limited to its rated speed
at a given voltage level (as indicated in its data sheet).
To minimize the amount of reverse current that the target system is exposed to, the recommended power-up
sequence is:
1. Apply power to the PC host.
2. Apply power to the Emulator Pod and Processor
Module assembly.
3. Invoke MPLAB IDE.
4. Configure system for Processor Power Supp lied
by Target Board through the Power tab of the
Options/Development Mode dialog box.
5. At the error message, apply power to the target
application circuit. Then acknowledge the error.
6. Issue a System Reset (from the Debug Menu)
before proceeding.
7. Select Options > Development Mode
the Power tab. Verify that the dialog says “Low
Volt age Enabled .” Click Cancel to close the dialog.
and click
3.2 OPERATING FREQUENCY
The Processor Modules will support the maximum
frequency (except where noted in Section 4.0) of the
device under emulation. Note that the maximum frequency of a PICmicro MCU de vice is signi ficantly lo wer
when the operating voltage is less than 4.5V.
The Processor Modules will support a minimum
frequency of 32 kHz. When operating at low frequencies, response to the screen may be slow.
3.3 CLOCK OPTIONS
MPLAB ICE allows internal and external clocking.
When set to internal, the clock is supplied from the
internal programmable clock, located in the Emulator
Pod. When set to external, the oscillator on the target
application system will be utilized.
3.3.1 CLOCK SOURCE FROM EMULATOR
Refer to the MPLAB ICE User’s Guide (DS51159),
“Chapter 3, Using the On-Board Clock” for configuring
MPLAB IDE to supply the clock source.
3.3.2 CLOCK SOURCE FROM THE TARGET
APPLICATION
If the Target Application is selected to provide th e clock
source, the target board must also be selected to
power the emulator processor (see the MPLAB ICE
User’s Guide (DS51159), “Chapter 3. Using a Target
Board Clock”).
At low voltage, the maximum speed of the processor
will be limited to the rated speed of the device under
emulation.
An oscillator circuit on the Device Adapter generates a
clock to the Processor Module and buffers the clock circuit on the target board. In this way, the MPLAB ICE
emulator closely matches the oscillator options of the
actual device. All oscillator modes are supported (as
documented in the device’s data sheet) except as
noted in Section 4.0. The OSC1 and OSC2 inputs of
the Device Adapter hav e a 5 pF to 10 pF load. Note thi s
when using a crystal in HS, XT, LP or LF modes, or an
RC network in RC mode.
The frequency of the emulated RC network may vary
relative to the actual dev ic e due to em ula tor c ircuitry. If
a specific frequency is important, adjust the RC values
to achieve the desired frequency. Another alternative
would be to allow the emulator to provide the clock as
described in Section 3.3.1.
3.4 ESD PROTECTION AND ELECTRICAL
OVERSTRESS
All CMOS chips are susceptible to electrostatic
discharge (ESD). In the case of the Processor Modules, the pins of the CMOS emulator are directly connected to the target connector, making the chip
vulnerable to ESD. Note that ESD can also induce
2001 Microchip Technology Inc. DS51140D-page 3
MPLAB® ICE
latch-up in CMOS chips, causing excessive current
through the chip and possible damage. MPLAB ICE
has been designed to minimize potential damage by
implementing over-current protection and transient
suppressors . However, care should be given to mini mizing ESD conditions while using the system.
During development, contention on an I/O pin is possible (e.g. , wh en a n em ula tor p in i s dr ivi ng a ‘1’ and t he
target board is dri ving a ‘0’). Prolong ed cont ention may
cause latch-up and damage to the emulator chip. One
possible precaution is to use current limiting resistors
(~100 Ω) during the development phase on
bidirectional I/O pins. Using limiting resistors can also
help avoid damage to modules, device adapters and
pods that occurs when a vol t age source is accidentally
connected to an I/O pin on the target board.
3.5 FREEZE MODE
The MPLAB ICE system allo ws th e op tio n of “freezing”
peripheral operati on or a llow ing th em to conti nue op erating when the processor is halted. This option is configured in the MPLAB IDE. The Freeze function is
available on all Processor Modules except the
PCM16XA0.
This function is u seful to halt an o n-board ti mer while at
a break point. Note that at a break point and while single stepping, interrupts are disabled.
4.0 EMULATOR-RELATED ISSUES
The following general limitations apply to the MPLAB
ICE 2000 Emulator.
• All configuration bit settings are enabled/d is abl ed
through Options>Development Mode
IDE rather than through MPASM __CONFIG
directive.
• The Reset Processor (Debug>Run>Reset
tion in MPLAB IDE will not currently wake the processor if it is in SLEEP mode. To wake the
processor, you must use Debug>System Reset
• Do not single step into a SLEEP instr uction . If y ou
do step into a SLEEP instruction, you will need to
select Debug>System Reset
the processor module.
• Initiating a master clear on the MCLR
reset the processor if you are in step or animate
mode.
• Debug > Power On Reset randomizes GPRs,
(i.e., SFR's are not set to POR values). This can
help in debuggin g. If your appl ication works on the
emulator but not the simulator, try using this feature.
Device-specific limi t ation s can be fou nd in MPLAB ID E
by selecting Options > Development Mode
the Details button.
in order to wake up
of MPLAB
) func-
.
pin will not
and clicking
DS51140D-page 4 2001 Microchip Technology Inc.
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