MICROCHIP MCP3905, MCP3906 Technical data

MCP3905/06

Energy-Metering ICs with Acti ve (Real) Power Pulse Output

Features

• Supplies ac tive (real) power measurement for
single-phase, residential energy-metering

• Supports the IEC 62053 International Energy
Metering Specification and legacy IEC
1036/61036/687 Specifications

• Two multi-bit, Digital-to-Analog Converters
(DACs), second-order, 16-bit, Delta-Sigma
Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs)

• 0.1% typical measurement error over 500:1
dynamic range (MCP3905)

• 0.1% typical measurement error over 1000:1
dynamic range (MCP3906)

• Programmable Gain Amplifier (PGA) for small­signal inputs supports low-value shunt current
sensor

- 16:1 PGA - MCP3905

- 32:1 PGA - MCP3906

• Ultra-low drift on-chip reference: 15 ppm/°C (typ.)

• Direct drive for electromagnetic mechanical
counter and two-phase stepper motors

•Low I

• Tamper output pin for negative power indication

• Industrial Temperature Range: -40°C to +85°C

• Supplies instantaneous active (real) power on
HF

US Patents Pending

of 4 mA (typ.)

DD

for meter calibration

OUT

Description

The MCP3905/06 devices are energy-metering ICs
designed to support the IEC 62053 International
Metering Standard Specification. They supply a
frequency output proportional to the average active
(real) power, as well as a higher-frequency output
proportional to the instantaneous power for meter
calibration. They include two 16-bit, delta-sigma ADCs
for a wide r ange of I

and I

B

currents and/or small

MAX

shunt (< 200 µOhms) meter designs. It includes an
ultra-low drift voltage reference with < 15 ppm/°C
through a specially designed band gap temperature
curve for the minimum gradient across the industrial
temperature range. A fixed-function DSP block is on­chip for active (real) power calculation. Strong output
drive for mechanical counters are on-chip to reduce
field failures and mechanical counter sticking. A no­load threshold block prevents any current creep mea­surements. A Power-On Reset (POR) block restricts
meter performance during low-voltage situations.
These accurate energy-metering ICs with high field
reliability are available in the ind us try-s t a nda rd pino ut.

Package Type

24-Pin SSOP

DV

DD

HPF

AV

DD

NC

CH0+

CH0­CH1-

CH1+

MCLR

REFIN/OUT

A

GND

F2

1
2

3
4
5
6
7
8

10
11

F

24

F

23
22

HF
D

21

NEG

20

NC

19
18

OSC2

17

OSC1
169G0
15

G1
14

F0
1312F1

OUT0
OUT1

OUT

GND

Functional Block Diagram

G0 G1

CH0+

CH0-

REFIN/

OUT

CH1+

CH1-

© 2007 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21948D-page 1

+
–

2.4V

Reference

+
–

PGA

16-bit

Multi-level

ΔΣ ADC

16-bit

Multi-level

ΔΣ ADC

HPF

HPF1

HPF1

OSC1 OSC2

X

LPF1

POR

F2 F1

HF

F0

E-to-F

conversion

OUT

F

OUT1

MCLR

F

OUT0

NEG

MCP3905/06

1.0 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Absolute Maximum Ratings †

VDD...................................................................................7.0V

Digital inputs and outputs w.r.t. A
Analog input w.r.t. A

input w.r.t. A

V

REF

Storage temperature.. .. .. .. .. ....... .. .. .. .. .... .. ..... .-65°C to +150°C

Ambient temp. with power applied................ -65°C to +125°C

Soldering temperature of leads (10 seconds) .............+300°C

ESD on the analog inputs (HBM,MM)... ......... .... .5.0 kV, 500V

ESD on all other pins (HBM,MM)........................5.0 kV, 500V

.........................................-6V to +6V

GND

...............................-0.6V to VDD +0.6V

GND

........-0.6V to VDD +0.6V

GND

† Notice: Stresses above those listed under "Maximum
Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. This is
a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at
those or any other conditions above those indicated in the
operation listings of this specification is not implied. Exposure
to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect
device reliability.

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise indicated, all parameters apply at AV

Internal V

, HPF turned on (AC mode), A

REF

GND

, D

= 0V, MCLK = 3.58 MHz; TA = -40°C to +85°C.

GND

Parameter Sym Min Typ. Max Units Comment

Overall Measurement Accuracy

Energy Measurement Error E — 0.1 — % F

— 0.1 — % F

No-Load Threshold/

NLT — 0.0015 — % F

Minimum Load
Phase Delay Between

— — 1/MCLK s HPF = 0 and 1, < 1 MCLK

OUT

OUT

OUT

Max

Channels
AC Power Supply

AC PSRR — 0.01 — % F

OUT

Rejection Ratio
(Output Frequency Variation)

DC Power Supply

DC PSRR — 0.01 — % F

OUT

Rejection Ratio
(Output Frequency Variation)

System Gain Error — 3 10 % F

OUT

ADC/PGA Specifications

Offset Error V

OS

Gain Error Match — 0.5 — % F

— 2 5 mV Referred to Input

OUT

Internal Voltage Reference

Voltage — 2.4 — V
Tolerance — ±2 — %
Tempco — 15 — ppm/°C
Note 1: Measurement error = (Energy Measured By Device - True Energy)/True Energy * 100%. Accuracy is

, F

measured with signal (±660 mV) on Channel 1. F

OUT0

pulse outputs. Valid from 45 Hz to 65 Hz.

OUT1

See Section 2.0 “Typical Performance Curves” for higher frequencies and increased dynamic range.

2: Does not include internal V

. Gain = 1, CH0 = 470 mVDC, CH1 = 660 mVDC, difference between

REF

measured output frequency and expected transfer function.

3: Percent of HF

50 Hz, CH2 = 100 mVRMS @ 50 Hz, AV

output frequency variation; Includes external V

OUT

= 5V + 1Vpp @ 100 Hz. DC PSRR: 5V ±500 mV.

DD

REF

4: Error applies down to 60° lead (PF = 0.5 capacitive) and 60° lag (PF = 0.5 inductive).
5: Refer to Section 4.0 “Device Overview” for complete description.
6: Specified by characterization, not production tested.
7: 1 MCLK period at 3.58 MHz is equivalent to less than <0.005 degrees at 50 or 60 Hz.
8: Gain error match is measured from CH0 G = 1 to any other gain setting.

= DVDD = 4.5V – 5.5V,

DD

Channel 0 swings 1:500 range,
MCP3905 only (Note 1, Note 4)

Channel 0 swings 1:1000 range,
MCP3906 only (Note 1, Note 4)

Disabled when F2, F1, F0 = 0, 1, 1
(Note 5, Note 6)

(Note 4, Note 6, Note 7)
F2, F1, F0 = 0, 1, 1 (Note 3)

HPF = 1, Gain = 1 (Note 3)

Note 2, Note 5

Note 8

= 2.5V, CH1 = 100 mVRMS @

DS21948D-page 2 © 2007 Microchip Technology Inc.

MCP3905/06

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED)

Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise indicated, all parameters apply at AV

Internal V

, HPF turned on (AC mode), A

REF

GND

, D

= 0V, MCLK = 3.58 MHz; TA = -40°C to +85°C.

GND

Parameter Sym Min Typ. Max Units Comment

Reference Input

Input Range 2.2 — 2.6 V
Input Impedance 3.2 — — kΩ
Input Capacitance — — 10 pF

Analog Inputs

Maximum Signal Level — — ±1 V CH0+,CH0-,CH1+,CH1- to A
Differential Input Voltage

— — ±470/G mV G = PGA Gain on Channel 0

Range Channel 0
Differential Input Voltage

——±660mV

Range Channel 1
Input Impedance 390 — — kΩ Proportional to 1/MCLK frequency
Bandwidth

— 14 — kHz Proportional to MCLK frequency,

(Notch Frequency)

Oscillator Input

Frequency Range MCLK 1 — 4 MHz

Power Specifications

Operating Voltage 4.5 — 5.5 V AV
I

DD,A

I

DD,D

I

DD,A

I

DD,D

—2.7 3.0 mAAV
—1.2 2.0 mADV

Note 1: Measurement error = (Energy Measured By Device - True Energy)/True Energy * 100%. Accuracy is

measured with signal (±660 mV) on Channel 1. F

OUT0

, F

pulse outputs. Valid from 45 Hz to 65 Hz.

OUT1

See Section 2.0 “Typical Performance Curves” for higher frequencies and increased dynamic range.

2: Does not include internal V

. Gain = 1, CH0 = 470 mVDC, CH1 = 660 mVDC, difference between

REF

measured output frequency and expected transfer function.

3: Percent of HF

50 Hz, CH2 = 100 mVRMS @ 50 Hz, AV

output frequency variation; Includes external V

OUT

= 5V + 1Vpp @ 100 Hz. DC PSRR: 5V ±500 mV.

DD

REF

4: Error applies down to 60° lead (PF = 0.5 capacitive) and 60° lag (PF = 0.5 inductive).
5: Refer to Section 4.0 “Device Overview” for complete description.
6: Specified by characterization, not production tested.
7: 1 MCLK period at 3.58 MHz is equivalent to less than <0.005 degrees at 50 or 60 Hz.
8: Gain error match is measured from CH0 G = 1 to any other gain setting.

= DVDD = 4.5V – 5.5V,

DD

MCLK/256

DD, DVDD

pin only

DD

pin only

DD

= 2.5V, CH1 = 100 mVRMS @

GND

TEMPERATURE CHAR ACTERISTICS

Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise indicated, V

= 4.5V – 5.5V, A

DD

Parameters Sym Min Typ Max Units Conditions

Temperature Ranges

Specified Temperature Range T
Operating Temperature Range T
Storage Temperature Range T

-40 — +85 °C

A

-40 — +125 °C Note

A

-65 — +150 °C

A

Note: The MCP3905/06 operate over this extended temperature range, but with reduced performance. In any

case, the Junction Temperature (T

© 2007 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21948D-page 3

) must not exceed the Absolute Maximum specification of +150°C.

J

GND

, D

GND

= 0V.

MCP3905/06

TIMING CHARACTERISTICS

Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise indicated, all parameters apply at AV

A

, D

GND

= 0V, MCLK = 3.58 MHz; TA = -40°C to +85°C.

GND

Parameter Sym Min Typ Max Units Comment

Frequency Output

F

OUT0

and F

Pulse Width

OUT1

t

FW

— 275 — ms 984376 MCLK periods

(Logic-Low)

Pulse Width t

HF

OUT

and F

F

OUT0

Pulse Period t

HF

OUT

F

to F

OUT0

F

to F

OUT0

F

and F

OUT0

F

and F

OUT0

HF

Output High Voltage V

OUT

Output Low Voltage V

HF

OUT

Pulse Period t

OUT1

Falling-Edge Ti me t

OUT1

Min Separation t

OUT1

Output High Voltage V

OUT1

Output Low Voltage V

OUT1

High-Level Input Voltage

HW

HP

FS2

V

FP

FS

OH
OL
OH
OL

IH

— 90 — ms 322160 MCLK periods

Refer to Equation 4-1 s
Refer to Equation 4-2 s

— 0.5 t
— 4/MCLK —

FP

—

4.5 ——VIOH = 10 mA, DVDD = 5.0V

——0.5 V I

4.0 ——VIOH = 5 mA, DVDD = 5.0V

——0.5 V I

2.4 ——VDVDD = 5.0V

(All Digital Input Pins)
Low-Level Input Voltage

V

IL

——0.85 V DV

(All Digital Input Pins)
Input Leakage Current

——±3 µA V

Pin Capacitance ——10 pF Note 3

Note 1: If output pulse period (tFP) falls below 984376*2 MCLK periods, then tFW = 1/2 tFP.

2: If output pulse period (tHP) falls below 322160*2 MCLK periods, then tHW = 1/2 tHP.
3: Specified by characterization, not production tested.

= DVDD = 4.5V – 5.5V,

DD

(Note 1)

(Note 2)

= 10 mA, DVDD = 5.0V

OL

= 5 mA, DVDD = 5.0V

OL

DD

= 0, VIN = DV

IN

= 5.0V

DD

t

FP

t

FW

F

OUT0

t

FS

F

HF

OUT1

OUT

t

HW

t

HP

t

FS2

NEG

FIGURE 1-1: Output Timings for Pulse Outputs and Negative Power Pin.

DS21948D-page 4 © 2007 Microchip Technology Inc.

MCP3905/06

2.0 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES

Note: The graphs and tables provided fol low i ng thi s n ote are a statistical summ ar y b as ed on a limited num ber of

samples and are provided for informational purposes only. The performance characteristics listed herein
are not tested or guaranteed. In some graphs or tables, the data presented may be outside the specified
operating range (e.g., outside specified power supply range) and therefore outside the warranted range.

Note: Unless otherwise specified, DVDD, AVDD = 5V; A
MCLK = 3.58 MHz.

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1
0

-0.1

-0.2

-0.3

Measure ment Error

-0.4

-0.5

0.0000 0.0001 0.0010 0.0100 0.1000
CH1 Vp-p Amplitude (V)

+85°C

+25°C

-40°C

FIGURE 2-1: Measurement Error,
Gain = 8, PF = 1.

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1
0

-0.1

Measurement Error

-0.2

-0.3

0.0000 0.0001 0.0010 0.0100 0.1000
CH1 Vp-p Amplitude (V)

+85°C

+25°C

- 40°C

GND

, D

GND

= 0V; V

-0.1

Measurement Error

-0.2

-0.3

= Internal, HPF = 1 (AC mode),

REF

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1
0

-40°C

0.0000 0.0001 0.0010 0.0100 0.1000
CH1 Vp-p Amplitude (V)

+25°C

FIGURE 2-4: Measurement Error,
Gain = 8, PF = 0.5.

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1
0

-0.1

Measurement Error

-0.2

-0.3

0.0000 0.0001 0.0010 0.0100 0.1000
CH1 Vp-p Amplitude (V)

+85°C

+25°C

+85°C

-40°C

FIGURE 2-2: Measurement Error,
Gain = 16, PF = 1.

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2
0

-0.2

-0.4

Measurement Error

-0.6

-0.8

0.0000 0.0001 0.0010 0.0100 0.1000
CH1 Vp-p Amplitude (V)

+85°C

+25°C

FIGURE 2-3: Measurement Error,
Gain = 32, PF = 1.

- 40°C

FIGURE 2-5: Measurement Error,
Gain = 16, PF = 0.5.

1

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2
0

-0.2

-0.4

-0.6

Measurement Error

-0.8

-1

0.0000 0.0001 0.0010 0.0100 0.1000
CH1 Vp-p Amplitude (V)

+85°C

-40°C

FIGURE 2-6: Measurement Error,
Gain = 32, PF = 0.5.

+25°C

© 2007 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21948D-page 5

MCP3905/06

Note: Unless otherwise specified, DVDD, AVDD = 5V; A

MCLK = 3.58 MHz.

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1
0

-0.1

-0.2

-0.3

Measure ment Error

-0.4

-0.5

0.0001 0.0010 0.0100 0.1000 1.0000
CH0 Vp-p Amplitude (V)

+85°C

+25°C

- 40°C

FIGURE 2-7: Measurement Error,
Gain = 1, PF = 1.

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1
0

-0.1

-0.2

-0.3

Measurement Error

-0.4

-0.5

0.0001 0.0010 0.0100 0.1000 1.0000
CH0 Vp-p Amplitude (V)

+85°C

+25°C

- 40°C

GND

, D

GND

= 0V; V

-0.1

-0.2

-0.3

Measurement Error

-0.4

-0.5

= Internal, HPF = 1 (AC mode),

REF

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1
0

0.0001 0.0010 0.0100 0.1000 1.0000
CH1 Vp-p Amplitude (V)

FIGURE 2-9: Measurement Error,
Gain = 1, PF = + 0.5.

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1
0

-0.1

-0.2

-0.3

Measurement Error

-0.4

-0.5

0.0001 0.0010 0.0100 0.1000 1.0000
CH1 Vp-p Amplitude (V)

+85°C

+25°C

-40°C

+85°C

+25°C

-40°C

FIGURE 2-8: Measurement Error,
Gain = 2, PF = 1.

FIGURE 2-10: Measurement Error,
Gain = 2, PF = + 0.5.

DS21948D-page 6 © 2007 Microchip Technology Inc.

MCP3905/06

Note: Unless otherwise specified, DVDD, AVDD = 5V; A

MCLK = 3.58 MHz.

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1
0

-0.1

% Error

-0.2

-0.3

-0.4

-0.5

PF = 1.0

45 50 55 60 65 70 75

Frequency (Hz)

PF = 0.5

FIGURE 2-11: Measurement Error vs.
Input Frequency.

3000

16384 Samples

2500

Mean = -1.57 mV
Std. Dev = 52.5 µV

2000
1500
1000

Occurance

500

0

-1.75

-1.70

-1.65

-1.61

-1.56

-1.52

-1.47

-1.43

-1.38

Channel 0 Offset (mV)

GND

, D

GND

= 0V; V

4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500

Occurance

1000

= Internal, HPF = 1 (AC mode),

REF

16384 Samples
Mean = - 1.28 mV
Std. dev = - 18.1 µV

500

0

-1.38E-03

-1.37E-03

-1.36E-03

-1.35E-03

-1.34E-03

-1.33E-03

-1.32E-03

-1.31E-03

Bin (mV)

-1.30E-03

-1.29E-03

-1.28E-03

FIGURE 2-14: Channel 0 Offset Error
(DC Mode, HPF Off), G = 16.

0.3

0.2

0.1
0

-0.1

-0.2

VDD=5.25V

-0.3

Measurement Error

-0.4

-0.5

0.0001 0.0010 0.0100 0.1000 1.0000
CH0 Vp-p Amplitude (V)

VDD=5.0V

VDD=4.5V

VDD=4.75V

-1.27E-03

-1.26E-03

VDD=5.5V

-1.25E-03

-1.24E-03

-1.23E-03

-1.22E-03

FIGURE 2-12: Channel 0 Offset Error
(DC Mode, HPF off), G = 1.

1200

16384 Samples

1000

Mean = -1.64 mV
Std. Dev = 17.4 µV

800
600
400

Occurance

200

0

-1.71

-1.69

-1.68

-1.67

-1.66

-1.65

-1.64

-1.63

-1.62

-1.60

Channel 0 Offset (mV)

FIGURE 2-13: Channel 0 Offset Error
(DC Mode, HPF off), G = 8.

-1.59

FIGURE 2-15: Measurement Error vs. V
(G = 16).

0.3

0.25

0.2

0.15

0.1

0.05

VDD=5.0V

0

-0.05

Measurement Error

-0.1

-0.15

0.0001 0.0010 0.0100 0.1000 1.0000

VDD=4.75V

CH0 Vp-p Amplitude (V)

VDD=4.5V

VDD=5.25V

VDD=5.5V

FIGURE 2-16: Measurement Error vs. V
G = 16, External V

REF

.

DD

DD

,

© 2007 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21948D-page 7

MCP3905/06

Note: Unless otherwise specified, DVDD, AVDD = 5V; A

MCLK = 3.58 MHz.

0.3

0.2

0.1
0

-0.1

Measurement Error

-0.2

-0.3

0.0001 0.0010 0.0100 0.1000 1.0000
CH0 Vp-p Amplitude (V)

+85°C

+25°C

- 40°C

FIGURE 2-17: Measurem ent Error
w/ External V

0.3

0.2

0.1

0

-0.1

Measurement Error

-0.2

-0.3

0.0000 0.0001 0.0010 0.0100 0.1000

, (G = 1).

REF

CH1 Vp-p Ampli tude (V)

+85°C

+25°C

-40°C

GND

, D

GND

= 0V; V

-0.1

Measurement Error

-0.2

-0.3

= Internal, HPF = 1 (AC mode),

REF

0.3

0.2

0.1
0

0.0000 0.0001 0.0010 0.0100 0.1000
CH1 Vp-p Amplitude (V)

FIGURE 2-19: Measurement Error
w/ External V

(G = 16).

REF

+85°C

- 40°C

+25°C

FIGURE 2-18: Measurement Error
w/ External V

, (G = 8).

REF

DS21948D-page 8 © 2007 Microchip Technology Inc.