MICROCHIP dsPIC30F3014, dsPIC30F4013 Technical data

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dsPIC30F3014, dsPIC30F4013

Data Sheet

High-Performance

Digital Signal Controllers

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS70138C

Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices:

• Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet.

• Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the intended manner and under normal conditions.

• There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip’s Data Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property.

• Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code.

• Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not mean that we are guaranteeing the product as “unbreakable.”

Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our products. Attempts to break Microchip’s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act.

Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is provided only for your convenience and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications. MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION, QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR PURPOSE. Microchip disclaims all liability arising from this information and its use. Use of Microchip’s products as critical components in life support systems is not authorized except with express written approval by Microchip. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any Microchip intellectual property rights.

Trademarks

The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, Accuron, dsPIC, K

EELOQ, microID, MPLAB, PIC, PICmicro, PICSTART,

PRO MATE, PowerSmart, rfPIC, and SmartShunt are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries.

AmpLab, FilterLab, MXDEV, MXLAB, PICMASTER, SEEVAL, SmartSensor and The Embedded Control Solutions Company are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A.

Analog-for-the-Digital Age, Application Maestro, dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, dsPICworks, ECAN, ECONOMONITOR, FanSense, FlexROM, fuzzyLAB, In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, ICEPIC, Migratable Memory, MPASM, MPLIB, MPLINK, MPSIM, PICkit, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICLAB, PICtail, PowerCal, PowerInfo, PowerMate, PowerTool, rfLAB, rfPICDEM, Select Mode, Smart Serial, SmartTel and Total Endurance are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries.

SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A.

All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies.

Printed on recycled paper.

Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2002 quality system certification for its worldwide headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and Tempe, Arizona and Mountain View, California in October 2003. The Company’s quality system processes and procedures are for its PICmicro devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and analog products. In addition, Microchip’s quality system for the design and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified.

8-bit MCUs, KEELOQ

code hopping

DS70138C-page ii Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

dsPIC30F3014/4013

dsPIC30F3014/4013 High-Performance

Digital Signal Controllers

Note: This data sheet summarizes features of this group of dsPIC30F devices and is not intended to be a complete reference source. For more information on the CPU, peripherals, register descriptions and general device functionality, refer to the dsPIC30F Family Reference Manual (DS70046). For more information on the device instruction set and programming, refer to the dsPIC30F Programmer’s Reference Manual (DS70030).

High-Performance Modified RISC CPU:

• Modified Harvard architecture

• C compiler optimized instruction set architecture

• Flexible addressing modes

• 84 base instructions

• 24-bit wide instructions, 16-bit wide data path

• Up to 48 Kbytes on-chip Flash program space

• 2 Kbytes of on-chip data RAM

• 1 Kbyte of non-volatile data EEPROM

• 16 x 16-bit working register array

• Up to 30 MIPs operation:

- DC to 40 MHz external clock input

- 4 MHz-10 MHz oscillator input with PLL active (4x, 8x, 16x)

• Up to 33 interrupt sources:

- 8 user selectable priority levels

- 3 external interrupt sources

- 4 processor traps

Peripheral Features:

• High current sink/source I/O pins: 25 mA/25 mA

• Up to five 16-bit timers/counters; optionally pair up 16-bit timers into 32-bit timer modules

• Up to four 16-bit Capture input functions

• Up to four 16-bit Compare/PWM output functions

• Data Converter Interface (DCI) supports common audio Codec protocols, including I

• 3-wire SPI™ module (supports 4 Frame modes)

•I

C™ module supports Multi-Master/Slave mode

and 7-bit/10-bit addressing

• Up to two addressable UART modules with FIFO buffers

• CAN bus module compliant with CAN 2.0B standard

S and AC’97

Analog Features:

• 12-bit Analog-to-Digital Converter (A/D) with:

- 100 Ksps conversion rate

- Up to 13 input channels

- Conversion available during Sleep and Idle

• Programmable Low Voltage Detection (PLVD)

• Programmable Brown-out Detection and Reset generation

Special Microcontroller Features:

DSP Features:

• Dual data fetch

• Modulo and Bit-reversed modes

• Two 40-bit wide accumulators with optional saturation logic

• 17-bit x 17-bit single cycle hardware fractional/ integer multiplier

• All DSP instructins are single cycle

- Multiply-Accumulate (MAC) operation

• Single cycle ±16 shift

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS70138C-page 1

• Enhanced Flash program memory:

- 10,000 erase/write cycle (min.) for industrial temperature range, 100K (typical)

• Data EEPROM memory:

- 100,000 erase/write cycle (min.) for industrial temperature range, 1M (typical)

• Self-reprogrammable under software control

• Power-on Reset (POR), Power-up Timer (PWRT) and Oscillator Start-up Timer (OST)

• Flexible Watchdog Timer (WDT) with on-chip low power RC oscillator for reliable operation

• Fail-Safe Clock Monitor operation:

- Detects clock failure and switches to on-chip

low power RC oscillator

dsPIC30F3014/4013

Special Microcontroller Features (Cont.):

• Programmable code protection

• In-Circuit Serial Programming™ (ICSP™)

• Selectable Power Management modes:

- Sleep, Idle and Alternate Clock modes

CMOS Technology:

• Low power, high speed Flash technology

• Wide operating voltage range (2.5V to 5.5V)

• Industrial and Extended temperature ranges

• Low power consumption

dsPIC30F3014/4013 Controller Family

Program Memory

Device Pins

Bytes Instructions

SRAM

Bytes

EEPROM

Bytes

Timer 16-bit

dsPIC30F3014 40/44 24K 8K 2048 1024 3 2 2 - 13 ch 2 1 1 0

dsPIC30F4013 40/44 48K 16K 2048 1024 5 4 4 AC’97, I

Pin Diagrams

40-Pin PDIP

AN0/V

AN1/V

AN2/SS1/LVDIN/CN4/RB2

PGC/EMUC/AN6/OCFA/RB6

PGD/EMUD/AN7/RB7

EMUD1/SOSCI/T2CK/U1ATX/CN1/RC13

EMUC1/SOSCO/T1CK/U1ARX/CN0/RC14

OSC2/CLKO/RC15

MCLR

REF+/CN2/RB0

REF-/CN3/RB1

AN3/CN5/RB3 AN4/CN6/RB4 AN5/CN7/RB5

AN8/RB8

OSC1/CLKIN

INT0/RA11

IC2/INT2/RD9

VDD

Vss

RD3

Vss

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

dsPIC30F3014

Input

Cap

Output

Comp/Std

PWM

AVs s

AN9/RB9

AN10/RB10

AN11/RB11

AN12/RB12

EMUC2/OC1/RD0

EMUD2/OC2/RD1

32 31

Vss

RF0

RF1

U2RX/CN17/RF4

U2TX/CN18/RF5

U1RX/SDI1/SDA/RF2

EMUD3/U1TX/SDO1/SCL/RF3

EMUC3/SCK1/RF6

IC1/INT1/RD8

RD2

Codec

Interface

A/D 12-bit

100 Ksps

S 13 ch 2 1 1 1

UART

™

SPI

C™

CAN

DS70138C-page 2 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

Pin Diagrams (Continued)

44-Pin TQFP

dsPIC30F3014/4013

EMUC3/SCK1/RF6

IC1/NT1/RD8

RD2

VSSRD3

IC2/INT2/RD9

dsPIC30F3014

1819202122

AVSS

AN9/RB9

AN10/RB10

MCLR

REF+/CN2/RB0

AN0/V

INT0/RA11

363435

REF-/CN3/RB1

AN1/V

U1RX/SDI1/SDA/RF2

U2TX/CN18/RF5

U2RX/CN17/RF4

EMUD2/OC2/RD1 EMUC2/OC1/RD0

RF1 RF0 VSS V

AN12/RB12

AN11/RB11

EMUD3/U1TX/SDO1/SCL/RF3

4443424140

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

121314

Note: For descriptions of individual pins, see Section 1.0.

EMUC1/SOSCO/T1CK/U1ARX/CN0/RC14

EMUD1/SOSCI/T2CK/U1ATX/CN1/RC13

OSC2/CLKO/RC15

OSC1/CLKIN

VSS

28 27 26 25

24 23

AN3/CN5/RB3

AN2/SS1/LVDIN/CN4/RB2

AN8/RB8 PGD/EMUD/AN7/RB7 PGC/EMUC/AN6/OCFA/RB6 AN5/CN7/RB5 AN4/CN6/RB4

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS70138C-page 3

dsPIC30F3014/4013

Pin Diagrams (Continued)

44-Pin QFN

EMUC3/SCK1/RF6

IC1/INT1/RD8

RD2

VSSRD3

IC2/INT2/RD9

INT0/RA11

434241403938373635

dsPIC30F3014

AVSS

AN9/RB9

AN10/RB10

MCLR

REF-/CN3/RB1

REF+/CN2/RB0

AN1/V

AN0/V

U1RX/SDI1/SDA/RF2

U2TX/CN18/RF5

U2RX/CN17/RF4

EMUD2/OC2/RD1 EMUC2/OC1/RD0

RF1 RF0

VSS VDD

AN12/RB12

EMUD3/U1TX/SDO1/SCL/RF3

1 2 32 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

121314151617181920

AN11/RB11

Note: For descriptions of individual pins, see Section 1.0.

EMUC1/SOSCO/T1CK/U1ARX/CN0/RC14

EMUD1/SOSCI/T2CK/U1ATX/CN1/RC13

OSC2/CLKO/RC15

OSC1/CLKIN VSS

VSS

VDD

AN8/RB8

PGD/EMUD/AN7/RB7

PGC/EMUC/AN6/OCFA/RB6

AN5/CN7/RB5

AN4/CN6/RB4

AN3/CN5/RB3

AN2/SS1/LVDIN/CN4/RB2

DS70138C-page 4 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

Pin Diagrams (Continued)

40-Pin PDIP

dsPIC30F3014/4013

44-Pin TQFP

AN0/V

AN1/V

AN2/SS1/LVDIN/CN4/RB2

AN4/IC7/CN6/RB4

PGC/EMUC/AN6/OCFA/RB6

EMUD1/SOSCI/T2CK/U1ATX/CN1/RC13

EMUC1/SOSCO/T1CK/U1ARX/CN0/RC14

AN5/IC8/CN7/RB5

PGD/EMUD/AN7/RB7

OSC2/CLKO/RC15

MCLR

REF+/CN2/RB0

REF-/CN3/RB1

AN3/CN5/RB3

AN8/RB8

VDD VSS

OSC1/CLKIN

INT0/RA11

IC2/INT2/RD9

OC4/RD3

1 2 3 4 5 6

dsPIC30F4013

7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

AVSS

AN9/CSCK/RB9

38 37

AN10/CSDI/RB10

AN11/CSDO/RB11

AN12/COFS/RB12

EMUC2/OC1/RD0

EMUD2/OC2/RD1

VDD

C1RX/RF0

C1TX/RF1

U2RX/CN17/RF4

U2TX/CN18/RF5 U1RX/SDI1/SDA/RF2

EMUD3/U1TX/SDO1/SCL/RF3

EMUC3/SCK1/RF6

IC1/INT1/RD8

OC3/RD2

EMUC3/SCK1/RF6

IC1/INT1/RD8

OC3/RD2

VSSOC4/RD3

IC2/INT2/RD9

dsPIC30F4013

1819202122

AVSS

MCLR

AN9/CSCK/RB9

AN10/CSDI/RB10

REF+/CN2/RB0

AN0/V

EMUC1/SOSCO/T1CK/U1ARX/CN0/RC14

INT0/RA11

363435

REF-/CN3/RB1

AN1/V

U1RX/SDI1/SDA/RF2

U2TX/CN18/RF5 U2RX/CN17/RF4

CTX1/RF1 CRX1/RF0

VSS V

EMUD2/OC2/RD1 EMUC2/OC1/RD0

AN12/COFS/RB12

AN11/CSDO/RB11

EMUD3/U1TX/SDO1/SCL/RF3

4443424140

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

121314

AN2/SS1/LVDIN/CN4/RB2

Note: For descriptions of individual pins, see Section 1.0.

EMUD1/SOSCI/T2CK/U1ATX/CN1/RC13

OSC2/CLKO/RC15

OSC1/CLKIN

VSS

29 28

27 26 25

24 23

V AN8/RB8 PGD/EMUD/AN7/RB7 PGC/EMUC/AN6/OCFA/RB6 AN5/IC8/CN7/RB5 AN4/IC7/CN6/RB4

AN3/CN5/RB3

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS70138C-page 5

dsPIC30F3014/4013

Pin Diagrams (Continued)

44-Pin QFN

EMUD3/U1TX/SDO1/SCL/RF3

EMUC3/SCK1/RF6

IC1/NT1/RD8

444342414039383736

U1RX/SDI1/SDA/RF2

U2TX/CN18/RF5

U2RX/CN17/RF4

CTX1/RF1

CRX1/RF0

EMUD2/OC2/RD1 EMUC2/OC1/RD0

AN12/COFS/RB12

1 2 32 3 4 5 6

VSS VDD

10 11

dsPIC30F4013

7 8 9

121314151617181920

AN10/CSDI/RB10

AN11/CSDO/RB11

For descriptions of individual pins, see Section 1.0.

OC3/RD2

VSSOC4/RD3

IC2/INT2/RD9

AVSS

MCLR

AN9/CSCK/RB9

REF+/CN2/RB0

AN0/V

EMUC1/SOSCO/T1CK/U1ARX/CN0/RC14

EMUD1/SOSCI/T2CK/U1ATX/CN1/RC13

INT0/RA11

OSC2/CLKO/RC15 OSC1/CLKIN

VSS

VDD V

AN8/RB8

PGD/EMUD/AN7/RB7

PGC/EMUC/AN6/OCFA/RB6

AN5/IC8/CN7/RB5

AN4/IC7/CN6/RB4

REF-/CN3/RB1

AN3/CN5/RB3

AN1/V

AN2/SS1/LVDIN/CN4/RB2

DS70138C-page 6 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

dsPIC30F3014/4013

Table of Contents

1.0 Device Overview .......................................................................................................................................................................... 9

2.0 CPU Architecture Overview........................................................................................................................................................ 13

3.0 Memory Organization................................................................................................................................................................. 23

4.0 Address Generator Units............................................................................................................................................................ 35

5.0 Flash Program Memory.............................................................................................................................................................. 41

6.0 Data EEPROM Memory ............................................................................................................................................................. 47

7.0 I/O Ports ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 51

8.0 Interrupts .................................................................................................................................................................................... 55

9.0 Timer1 Module ........................................................................................................................................................................... 63

10.0 Timer2/3 Module ........................................................................................................................................................................ 67

11.0 Timer4/5 Module ....................................................................................................................................................................... 73

12.0 Input Capture Module................................................................................................................................................................. 77

13.0 Output Compare Module ............................................................................................................................................................ 81

14.0 SPI Module................................................................................................................................................................................. 85

15.0 I2C Module ................................................................................................................................................................................. 89

16.0 Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART) Module ................................................................................................ 97

17.0 CAN Module ............................................................................................................................................................................. 105

18.0 Data Converter Interface (DCI) Module.................................................................................................................................... 115

19.0 12-bit Analog-to-Digital Converter (A/D) Module...................................................................................................................... 125

20.0 System Integration ................................................................................................................................................................... 131

21.0 Instruction Set Summary .......................................................................................................................................................... 149

22.0 Development Support............................................................................................................................................................... 157

23.0 Electrical Characteristics .......................................................................................................................................................... 163

24.0 Packaging Information.............................................................................................................................................................. 205

Index .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 209

On-Line Support................................................................................................................................................................................. 215

Systems Information and Upgrade Hot Line ...................................................................................................................................... 215

Reader Response .............................................................................................................................................................................. 216

Product Identification System ............................................................................................................................................................ 217

TO OUR VALUED CUSTOMERS

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If you have any questions or comments regarding this publication, please contact the Marketing Communications Department via E-mail at docerrors@microchip.com or fax the Reader Response Form in the back of this data sheet to (480) 792-4150. We welcome your feedback.

Most Current Data Sheet

To obtain the most up-to-date version of this data sheet, please register at our Worldwide Web site at:

http://www.microchip.com

You can determine the version of a data sheet by examining its literature number found on the bottom outside corner of any page. The last character of the literature number is the version number, (e.g., DS30000A is version A of document DS30000).

Errata

An errata sheet, describing minor operational differences from the data sheet and recommended workarounds, may exist for current devices. As device/documentation issues become known to us, we will publish an errata sheet. The errata will specify the revision of silicon and revision of document to which it applies.

To determine if an errata sheet exists for a particular device, please check with one of the following:

• Microchip’s Worldwide Web site; http://www.microchip.com

• Your local Microchip sales office (see last page) When contacting a sales office, please specify which device, revision of silicon and data sheet (include literature number) you are

using.

Customer Notification System

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS70138C-page 7

dsPIC30F3014/4013

NOTES:

DS70138C-page 8 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

dsPIC30F3014/4013

1.0 DEVICE OVERVIEW

FIGURE 1-1: dsPIC30F3014 BLOCK DIAGRAM

Interrupt

Controller

Address Latch

Program Memory

(24 Kbytes)

Data EEPROM

(1 Kbyte)

Data Latch

Control Signals

to Various Blocks

OSC1/CLKI

Decode and

Generation

Instruction

Control

Timing

MCLR

VDD, V

, AV

PSV & Table Data Access

Control Block

Control

Start-up Timer

Low Voltage

Y Data Bus

PCH PCL

PCU Program Counter

Stac k

Logic

Power-up

Oscillator

POR/BOR

Watchdog

ROM Latch

Timer

Reset

Timer

Detect

Loop

Control

Logic

Decode

Y Data

(1 Kbyte)

Address

Y AGU

Effective Address

DSP

Engine

Latch

RAM

16 x 16

W Reg Array

ALU<16>

X Data Bus

X RAGU X WAGU

This document contains specific information for the dsPIC30F3014/4013 Digital Signal Controller (DSC) devices. The dsPIC30F3014/4013 devices contain extensive Digital Signal Processor (DSP) functionality within a high-performance 16-bit microcontroller (MCU) architecture. Figure 1-1 and Figure 1-2 show device block diagrams for dsPIC30F3014 and dsPIC30F4013 respectively.

Data LatchData Latch

X Data

RAM

(1 Kbyte)

Address

Latch

Divide

Unit

PORTA

PORTB

PORTC

PORTD

INT0/RA11

AN0/CN2/RB0 AN1/CN3/RB1 AN2/SS1/LVDIN/CN4/RB2 AN3/CN5/RB3 AN4/CN6/RB4 AN5/CN7/RB5 PGC/EMUC/AN6/OCFA/RB6 PGD/EMUD/AN7/RB7 AN8/RB8 AN9/RB9 AN10/RB10 AN11/RB11 AN12/RB12

EMUD1/SOSCI/T2CK/U1ATX/ CN1/RC13

EMUC1/SOSCO/T1CK/U1ARX/ CN0/RC14

OSC2/CLKO/RC15

EMUC2/OC1/RD0 EMUD2/OC2/RD1 RD2 RD3 IC1/INT1/RD8 IC2/INT2/RD9

RF0 RF1 U1RX/SDI1/SDA/RF2

EMUD3/U1TX/SDO1/SCL/RF3 U2RX/CN17/RF4

U2TX/CN18/RF5 EMUC3/SCK1/RF6

12-bit ADC

Timers

Input

Capture

Module

DCI

Output

Compare

Module

SPI1

I2C™

UART1,

UART2

PORTF

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS70138C-page 9

dsPIC30F3014/4013

FIGURE 1-2: dsPIC30F4013 BLOCK DIAGRAM

Interrupt

Controller

Address Latch

Program Memory

(48 Kbytes)

Data EEPROM

(1 Kbyte)

Data Latch

Control Signals

to Various Blocks

OSC1/CLKI

Generation

Instruction

Decode &

Control

Timing

MCLR

VDD, V

PSV & Table Data Access

Control Block

, AV

Y Data Bus

PCH PCL

PCU Program Counter

Stac k

Control

Logic

Power-up

Oscillator

Start-up Timer

POR/BOR

Watchdog

Low Voltage

ROM Latch

Timer

Reset

Timer

Detect

Loop

Control

Logic

Decode

DSP

Y AGU

Engine

X Data Bus

Y Data

RAM

(1 Kbyte)

Address

Latch

X RAGU X WAGU

Effective Address

16 x 16

W Reg Array

ALU<16>

Data LatchData Latch

X Data

RAM

(1 Kbyte)

Address

Latch

Divide

Unit

PORTA

PORTB

PORTC

PORTD

INT0/RA11

AN0/CN2/RB0 AN1/CN3/RB1 AN2/SS1/LVDIN/CN4/RB2 AN3/CN5/RB3 AN4/IC7/CN6/RB4 AN5/IC8/CN7/RB5 PGC/EMUC/AN6/OCFA/RB6 PGD/EMUD/AN7/RB7

AN8/RB8 AN9/CSCK/RB9

AN10/CSDI/RB10 AN11/CSDO/RB11 AN12/COFS/RB12

EMUD1/SOSCI/T2CK/U1ATX/ CN1/RC13

EMUC1/SOSCO/T1CK/U1ARX/ CN0/RC14

OSC2/CLKO/RC15

EMUC2/OC1/RD0 EMUD2/OC2/RD1 OC3/RD2 OC4/RD3

IC1/INT1/RD8 IC2/INT2/RD9

CAN1

12-bit ADC

Timers

Input

Capture

Module

DCI

Output

Compare

Module

SPI1

I2C™

UART1,

UART2

PORTF

C1RX/RF0 C1TX/RF1 U1RX/SDI1/SDA/RF2

EMUD3/U1TX/SDO1/SCL/RF3 U2RX/CN17/RF4

U2TX/CN18/RF5 EMUC3/SCK1/RF6

DS70138C-page 10 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

dsPIC30F3014/4013

Table 1-1 provides a brief description of device I/O pinouts and the functions that may be multiplexed to a port pin. Multiple functions may exist on one port pin. When multiplexing occurs, the peripheral module’s functional requirements may force an override of the data direction of the port pin.

TABLE 1-1: PINOUT I/O DESCRIPTIONS

Pin Name

AN0-AN12 I Analog Analog input channels.

DD P P Positive supply for analog module.

SS P P Ground reference for analog module.

CLKI

CLKO

CN0-CN7, CN17-CN18 I ST Input change notification inputs.

COFS CSCK CSDI CSDO

C1RX C1TX

EMUD EMUC EMUD1 EMUC1 EMUD2 EMUC2 EMUD3 EMUC3

IC1, IC2, IC7, IC8 I ST Capture inputs 1,2, 7 and 8.

INT0 INT1 INT2

LVDIN I Analog Low Voltage Detect Reference Voltage input pin.

MCLR

OCFA OC1-OC4

OSC1

OSC2

PGD PGC

Typ e

I/O I/O

I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O

I I I

I/P ST Master Clear (Reset) input or programming voltage input. This

I/O

Legend: CMOS = CMOS compatible input or output Analog = Analog input

ST = Schmitt Trigger input with CMOS levels O = Output I = Input P = Power

Buffer

Typ e

AN6 and AN7 are also used for device programming data and clock inputs, respectively.

ST/CMOS—External clock source input. Always associated with OSC1 pin

function. Oscillator crystal output. Connects to crystal or resonator in Crystal Oscillator mode. Optionally functions as CLKO in RC and EC modes. Always associated with OSC2 pin function.

Can be software programmed for internal weak pull-ups on all inputs.

ST ST ST

—

ST ST ST ST ST ST ST ST

ST ST ST

—

ST/CMOS—Oscillator crystal input. ST buffer when configured in RC mode;

ST ST

Data Converter Interface Frame Synchronization pin. Data Converter Interface Serial Clock input/output pin. Data Converter Interface Serial data input pin. Data Converter Interface Serial data output pin.

CAN1 Bus Receive pin. CAN1 Bus Transmit pin.

ICD Primary Communication Channel data input/output pin. ICD Primary Communication Channel clock input/output pin. ICD Secondary Communication Channel data input/output pin. ICD Secondary Communication Channel clock input/output pin. ICD Tertiary Communication Channel data input/output pin. ICD Tertiary Communication Channel clock input/output pin. ICD Quaternary Communication Channel data input/output pin. ICD Quaternary Communication Channel clock input/output pin.

External interrupt 0. External interrupt 1. External interrupt 2.

pin is an active low Reset to the device.

Compare Fault A input (for Compare channels 1, 2, 3 and 4). Compare outputs 1 through 4.

CMOS otherwise. Oscillator crystal output. Connects to crystal or resonator in Crystal Oscillator mode. Optionally functions as CLKO in RC and EC modes.

In-Circuit Serial Programming data input/output pin. In-Circuit Serial Programming clock input pin.

Description

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dsPIC30F3014/4013

TABLE 1-1: PINOUT I/O DESCRIPTIONS (CONTINUED)

Pin Name

RA11 I/O ST PORTA is a bidirectional I/O port.

RB0-RB12 I/O ST PORTB is a bidirectional I/O port.

RC13-RC15 I/O ST PORTC is a bidirectional I/O port.

RD0-RD3, RD8, RD9 I/O ST PORTD is a bidirectional I/O port.

RF0-RF5 I/O ST PORTF is a bidirectional I/O port.

SCK1 SDI1 SDO1 SS1

SCL SDA

SOSCO SOSCI

T1CK T2CK

U1RX U1TX U1ARX U1ATX

DD P — Positive supply for logic and I/O pins.

SS P — Ground reference for logic and I/O pins.

REF+ I Analog Analog Voltage Reference (High) input.

REF- I Analog Analog Voltage Reference (Low) input.

Typ e

I/O

I/O I/O

I I

Legend: CMOS = CMOS compatible input or output Analog = Analog input

ST = Schmitt Trigger input with CMOS levels O = Output I = Input P = Power

Buffer

Typ e

ST ST

—

ST ST

—

ST/CMOS

ST ST

—

Description

Synchronous serial clock input/output for SPI1. SPI1 Data In. SPI1 Data Out. SPI1 Slave Synchronization.

Synchronous serial clock input/output for I Synchronous serial data input/output for I

32 kHz low power oscillator crystal output. 32 kHz low power oscillator crystal input. ST buffer when configured in RC mode; CMOS otherwise.

Timer1 external clock input. Timer2 external clock input.

UART1 Receive. UART1 Transmit. UART1 Alternate Receive. UART1 Alternate Transmit.

DS70138C-page 12 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

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2.0 CPU ARCHITECTURE OVERVIEW

2.1 Core Overview

This section contains a brief overview of the CPU architecture of the dsPIC30F.

The core has a 24-bit instruction word. The Program Counter (PC) is 23-bits wide with the Least Significant (LS) bit always clear (refer to Section 3.1), and the Most Significant (MS) bit is ignored during normal program execution, except for certain specialized instructions. Thus, the PC can address up to 4M instruction words of user program space. An instruction pre-fetch mechanism is used to help maintain throughput. Program loop constructs, free from loop count management overhead, are supported using the DO and REPEAT instructions, both of which are interruptible at any point.

The working register array consists of 16 x 16-bit registers, each of which can act as data, address or offset registers. One working register (W15) operates as a software stack pointer for interrupts and calls.

The data space is 64 Kbytes (32K words) and is split into two blocks, referred to as X and Y data memory. Each block has its own independent Address Generation Unit (AGU). Most instructions operate solely through the X memory, AGU, which provides the appearance of a single unified data space. The Multiply-Accumulate (MAC) class of dual source DSP instructions operate through both the X and Y AGUs, splitting the data address space into two parts (see Section 3.2). The X and Y data space boundary is device specific and cannot be altered by the user. Each data word consists of 2 bytes, and most instructions can address data either as words or bytes.

There are two methods of accessing data stored in program memory:

• The upper 32 Kbytes of data space memory can be mapped into the lower half (user space) of program space at any 16K program word boundary, defined by the 8-bit Program Space Visibility Page (PSVPAG) register. This lets any instruction access program space as if it were data space, with a limitation that the access requires an additional cycle. Moreover, only the lower 16 bits of each instruction word can be accessed using this method.

• Linear indirect access of 32K word pages within program space is also possible using any working register, via table read and write instructions. Table read and write instructions can be used to access all 24 bits of an instruction word.

Overhead-free circular buffers (modulo addressing) are supported in both X and Y address spaces. This is primarily intended to remove the loop overhead for DSP algorithms.

The X AGU also supports bit-reversed addressing on destination effective addresses to greatly simplify input or output data reordering for radix-2 FFT algorithms. Refer to Section 4.0 for details on modulo and bit-reversed addressing.

The core supports Inherent (no operand), Relative, Literal, Memory Direct, Register Direct, Register Indirect, Register Offset and Literal Offset Addressing modes. Instructions are associated with predefined Addressing modes, depending upon their functional requirements.

For most instructions, the core is capable of executing a data (or program data) memory read, a working register (data) read, a data memory write and a program (instruction) memory read per instruction cycle. As a result, 3-operand instructions are supported, allowing C = A+B operations to be executed in a single cycle.

A DSP engine has been included to significantly enhance the core arithmetic capability and throughput. It features a high speed 17-bit by 17-bit multiplier, a 40-bit ALU, two 40-bit saturating accumulators and a 40-bit bidirectional barrel shifter. Data in the accumulator or any working register can be shifted up to 15 bits right, or 16 bits left in a single cycle. The DSP instructions operate seamlessly with all other instructions and have been designed for optimal real-time performance. The MAC class of instructions can concurrently fetch two data operands from memory while multiplying two W registers. To enable this concurrent fetching of data operands, the data space has been split for these instructions and linear for all others. This has been achieved in a transparent and flexible manner, by dedicating certain working registers to each address space for the MAC class of instructions.

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The core does not support a multi-stage instruction pipeline. However, a single stage instruction pre-fetch mechanism is used, which accesses and partially decodes instructions a cycle ahead of execution, in order to maximize available execution time. Most instructions execute in a single cycle with certain exceptions.

The core features a vectored exception processing structure for traps and interrupts, with 62 independent vectors. The exceptions consist of up to 8 traps (of which 4 are reserved) and 54 interrupts. Each interrupt is prioritized based on a user assigned priority between 1 and 7 (1 being the lowest priority and 7 being the highest), in conjunction with a predetermined ‘natural order’. Traps have fixed priorities ranging from 8 to 15.

2.2 Programmer’s Model

The programmer’s model is shown in Figure 2-1 and consists of 16 x 16-bit working registers (W0 through W15), 2 x 40-bit accumulators (AccA and AccB), STATUS register (SR), Data Table Page register (TBLPAG), Program Space Visibility Page register (PSVPAG), DO and REPEAT registers (DOSTART, DOEND, DCOUNT and RCOUNT) and Program Counter (PC). The working registers can act as data, address or offset registers. All registers are memory mapped. W0 acts as the W register for file register addressing.

Some of these registers have a shadow register associated with each of them, as shown in Figure 2-1. The shadow register is used as a temporary holding register and can transfer its contents to or from its host register upon the occurrence of an event. None of the shadow registers are accessible directly. The following rules apply for transfer of registers into and out of shadows.

• PUSH.S and POP.S W0, W1, W2, W3, SR (DC, N, OV, Z and C bits only) are transferred.

• DO instruction DOSTART, DOEND, DCOUNT shadows are pushed on loop start, and popped on loop end.

When a byte operation is performed on a working register, only the Least Significant Byte of the target register is affected. However, a benefit of memory mapped working registers is that both the Least and Most Significant Bytes can be manipulated through byte wide data memory space accesses.

2.2.1 SOFTWARE STACK POINTER/ FRAME POINTER

The dsPIC® devices contain a software stack. W15 is the dedicated software Stack Pointer (SP), and will be automatically modified by exception processing and subroutine calls and returns. However, W15 can be referenced by any instruction in the same manner as all other W registers. This simplifies the reading, writing and manipulation of the stack pointer (e.g., creating stack frames).

Note: In order to protect against misaligned

stack accesses, W15<0> is always clear.

W15 is initialized to 0x0800 during a Reset. The user may reprogram the SP during initialization to any location within data space.

W14 has been dedicated as a stack frame pointer as defined by the LNK and ULNK instructions. However, W14 can be referenced by any instruction in the same manner as all other W registers.

2.2.2 STATUS REGISTER

The dsPIC core has a 16-bit STATUS register (SR), the LS Byte of which is referred to as the SR Low byte (SRL) and the MS Byte as the SR High byte (SRH). See Figure 2-1 for SR layout.

SRL contains all the MCU ALU operation status flags (including the Z bit), as well as the CPU Interrupt Priority Level status bits, IPL<2:0> and the Repeat Active status bit, RA. During exception processing, SRL is concatenated with the MS Byte of the PC to form a complete word value which is then stacked.

The upper byte of the STATUS register contains the DSP Adder/Subtracter status bits, the DO Loop Active bit (DA) and the Digit Carry (DC) status bit.

2.2.3 PROGRAM COUNTER

The program counter is 23-bits wide; bit 0 is always clear. Therefore, the PC can address up to 4M instruction words.

DS70138C-page 14 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

FIGURE 2-1: PROGRAMMER’S MODEL

DSP Operand Registers

DSP Address Registers

W13/DSP Write Back

dsPIC30F3014/4013

W0/WREG

W10

W11

W12/DSP Offset

W14/Frame Pointer

W15/Stack Pointer

D0D15

PUSH.S Shadow

DO Shadow

Legend

Working Registers

DSP Accumulators

PC22

TABPAG

TBLPAG

PSVPAG

AD39 AD0AD31

AccA

AccB

Data Table Page Address

DOSTART

SPLIM

PC0

Program Space Visibility Page Address

RCOUNT

DCOUNT

DOEND

Stack Pointer Limit Register

AD15

Program Counter

REPEAT Loop Counter

DO Loop Counter

DO Loop Start Address

DO Loop End Address

CORCON

OA OB SA SB

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS70138C-page 15

OAB SAB

SRH

DA DC

IPL2 IPL1

IPL0 OV

SRL

Core Configuration Register

Status Register

dsPIC30F3014/4013

2.3 Divide Support

The dsPIC devices feature a 16/16-bit signed fractional divide operation, as well as 32/16-bit and 16/16-bit signed and unsigned integer divide operations, in the form of single instruction iterative divides. The following instructions and data sizes are supported:

1. DIVF - 16/16 signed fractional divide

2. DIV.sd - 32/16 signed divide

3. DIV.ud - 32/16 unsigned divide

4. DIV.sw - 16/16 signed divide

5. DIV.uw - 16/16 unsigned divide

The 16/16 divides are similar to the 32/16 (same number of iterations), but the dividend is either zero-extended or sign-extended during the first iteration.

The divide instructions must be executed within a REPEAT loop. Any other form of execution (e.g., a series of discrete divide instructions) will not function correctly because the instruction flow depends on RCOUNT. The divide instruction does not automatically set up the RCOUNT value and it must, therefore, be explicitly and correctly specified in the REPEAT instruction as shown in Table 2-1 (REPEAT will execute the target instruction {operand value+1} times). The REPEAT loop count must be setup for 18 iterations of the DIV/ DIVF instruction. Thus, a complete divide operation requires 19 cycles.

Note: The divide flow is interruptible. However,

TABLE 2-1: DIVIDE INSTRUCTIONS

Instruction Function

DIVF

DIV.sd Signed divide: (Wm+1:Wm)/Wn → W0; Rem → W1

DIV.sw or DIV.s

DIV.ud Unsigned divide: (Wm+1:Wm)/Wn → W0; Rem → W1

DIV.uw or DIV.u

Signed fractional divide: Wm/Wn → W0; Rem → W1

Signed divide: Wm/Wn → W0; Rem → W1

Unsigned divide: Wm/Wn → W0; Rem → W1

the user needs to save the context as appropriate.

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2.4 DSP Engine

The DSP engine consists of a high speed 17-bit x 17-bit multiplier, a barrel shifter and a 40-bit adder/ subtracter (with two target accumulators, round and saturation logic).

The DSP engine also has the capability to perform inherent accumulator-to-accumulator operations, which require no additional data. These instructions are ADD, SUB and NEG.

The dsPIC30F is a single-cycle instruction flow architecture, threfore, concurrent operation of the DSP engine with MCU instruction flow is not possible. However, some MCU ALU and DSP engine resources may be used concurrently by the same instruction (e.g., ED, EDAC).

TABLE 2-2: DSP INSTRUCTION SUMMARY

Instruction Algebraic Operation ACC WB?

CLR A = 0 Yes

ED A = (x – y)

EDAC A = A + (x – y)

MAC A = A + (x * y) Yes

MAC A = A + x

MOVSAC No change in A Yes

MPY A = x * y No

MPY.N A = – x * y No

MSC A = A – x * y Yes

The DSP engine has various options selected through various bits in the CPU Core Configuration register (CORCON), as listed below:

1. Fractional or integer DSP multiply (IF).

2. Signed or unsigned DSP multiply (US).

3. Conventional or convergent rounding (RND).

4. Automatic saturation on/off for AccA (SATA).

5. Automatic saturation on/off for AccB (SATB).

6. Automatic saturation on/off for writes to data memory (SATDW).

7. Accumulator Saturation mode selection (ACCSAT).

Note: For CORCON layout, see Table 4-2.

A block diagram of the DSP engine is shown in Figure 2-2.

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS70138C-page 17

dsPIC30F3014/4013

FIGURE 2-2: DSP ENGINE BLOCK DIAGRAM

Carry/Borrow Out

Carry/Borrow In

40-bit Accumulator A 40-bit Accumulator B

Saturate

Adder

Negate

Round

Logic

S a

Y Data Bus

Sign-Extend

17-bit

Multiplier/Scaler

Barrel Shifter

X Data Bus

Zero Backfill

To/From W Array

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2.4.1 MULTIPLIER

The 17 x 17-bit multiplier is capable of signed or unsigned operation and can multiplex its output using a scaler to support either 1.31 fractional (Q31) or 32-bit integer results. Unsigned operands are zero-extended into the 17th bit of the multiplier input value. Signed operands are sign-extended into the 17th bit of the multiplier input value. The output of the 17 x 17-bit multiplier/scaler is a 33-bit value which is sign-extended to 40 bits. Integer data is inherently represented as a signed two’s complement value, where the MSB is defined as a sign bit. Generally speaking, the range of an N-bit two’s complement integer is -2 For a 16-bit integer, the data range is -32768 (0x8000) to 32767 (0x7FFF) including ‘0’. For a 32-bit integer, the data range is -2,147,483,648 (0x8000 0000) to 2,147,483,645 (0x7FFF FFFF).

When the multiplier is configured for fractional multiplication, the data is represented as a two’s complement fraction, where the MSB is defined as a sign bit and the radix point is implied to lie just after the sign bit (QX format). The range of an N-bit two’s complement fraction with this implied radix point is -1.0 to (1 – 2 16-bit fraction, the Q15 data range is -1.0 (0x8000) to

0.999969482 (0x7FFF) including ‘0’ and has a precision of 3.01518x10 multiply operation generates a 1.31 product which has a precision of 4.65661 x 10

The same multiplier is used to support the MCU multiply instructions which include integer 16-bit signed, unsigned and mixed sign multiplies.

The MUL instruction may be directed to use byte or word sized operands. Byte operands will direct a 16-bit result, and word operands will direct a 32-bit result to the specified register(s) in the W array.

-5

. In Fractional mode, the 16x16

-10

N-1

to 2

1-N

N-1

– 1.

). For a

2.4.2 DATA ACCUMULATORS AND ADDER/SUBTRACTER

The data accumulator consists of a 40-bit adder/ subtracter with automatic sign extension logic. It can select one of two accumulators (A or B) as its preaccumulation source and post-accumulation destination. For the ADD and LAC instructions, the data to be accumulated or loaded can be optionally scaled via the barrel shifter, prior to accumulation.

2.4.2.1 Adder/Subtracter, Overflow and Saturation

The adder/subtracter is a 40-bit adder with an optional zero input into one side and either true, or complement data into the other input. In the case of addition, the carry/borrow true data (not complemented), whereas in the case of subtraction, the carry/borrow other input is complemented. The adder/subtracter generates overflow status bits SA/SB and OA/OB, which are latched and reflected in the STATUS register:

• Overflow from bit 39: this is a catastrophic

overflow in which the sign of the accumulator is destroyed.

• Overflow into guard bits 32 through 39: this is a

recoverable overflow. This bit is set whenever all the guard bits bits are not identical to each other.

The adder has an additional saturation block which controls accumulator data saturation, if selected. It uses the result of the adder, the overflow status bits described above, and the SATA/B (CORCON<7:6>) and ACCSAT (CORCON<4>) mode control bits to determine when and to what value to saturate.

Six Status register bits have been provided to support saturation and overflow; they are:

1. OA:

AccA overflowed into guard bits

2. OB:

AccB overflowed into guard bits

3. SA:

AccA saturated (bit 31 overflow and saturation)

AccA overflowed into guard bits and saturated (bit 39 overflow and saturation)

4. SB:

AccB saturated (bit 31 overflow and saturation)

AccB overflowed into guard bits and saturated (bit 39 overflow and saturation)

5. OAB:

Logical OR of OA and OB

6. SAB:

Logical OR of SA and SB

The OA and OB bits are modified each time data passes through the adder/subtracter. When set, they indicate that the most recent operation has overflowed into the accumulator guard bits (bits 32 through 39). The OA and OB bits can also optionally generate an arithmetic warning trap when set and the corresponding overflow trap flag enable bit (OVATEN, OVBTEN) in the INTCON1 register (refer to Section 8.0) is set. This allows the user to take immediate action, for example, to correct system gain.

input is active high and the other input is

input is active low and the

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS70138C-page 19

dsPIC30F3014/4013

The SA and SB bits are modified each time data passes through the adder/subtracter but can only be cleared by the user. When set, they indicate that the accumulator has overflowed its maximum range (bit 31 for 32-bit saturation, or bit 39 for 40-bit saturation) and will be saturated (if saturation is enabled). When saturation is not enabled, SA and SB default to bit 39 overflow and thus indicate that a catastrophic overflow has occurred. If the COVTE bit in the INTCON1 register is set, SA and SB bits will generate an arithmetic warning trap when saturation is disabled.

The overflow and saturation status bits can optionally be viewed in the STATUS register (SR) as the logical OR of OA and OB (in bit OAB) and the logical OR of SA and SB (in bit SAB). This allows programmers to check one bit in the STATUS register to determine if either accumulator has overflowed, or one bit to determine if either accumulator has saturated. This would be useful for complex number arithmetic which typically uses both the accumulators.

The device supports three saturation and overflow modes:

1. Bit 39 Overflow and Saturation: When bit 39 overflow and saturation occurs, the saturation logic loads the maximally positive 9.31 (0x7FFFFFFFFF), or maximally negative 9.31 value (0x8000000000) into the target accumulator. The SA or SB bit is set and remains set until cleared by the user. This is referred to as ‘super saturation’ and provides protection against erroneous data, or unexpected algorithm problems (e.g., gain calculations).

2. Bit 31 Overflow and Saturation: When bit 31 overflow and saturation occurs, the saturation logic then loads the maximally positive 1.31 value (0x007FFFFFFF), or maximally negative 1.31 value (0x0080000000) into the target accumulator. The SA or SB bit is set and remains set until cleared by the user. When this Saturation mode is in effect, the guard bits are not used (so the OA, OB or OAB bits are never set).

3. Bit 39 Catastrophic Overflow: The bit 39 overflow status bit from the adder is used to set the SA or SB bit which remain set until cleared by the user. No saturation operation is performed and the accumulator is allowed to overflow (destroying its sign). If the COVTE bit in the INTCON1 register is set, a catastrophic overflow can initiate a trap exception.

2.4.2.2 Accumulator ‘Write Back’

The MAC class of instructions (with the exception of MPY, MPY.N, ED and EDAC) can optionally write a

rounded version of the high word (bits 31 through 16) of the accumulator that is not targeted by the instruction into data space memory. The write is performed across the X bus into combined X and Y address space. The following Addressing modes are supported:

1. W13, Register Direct: The rounded contents of the non-target accumulator are written into W13 as a 1.15 fraction.

2. [W13]+=2, Register Indirect with Post-Increment: The rounded contents of the non-target accumulator are written into the address pointed to by W13 as a 1.15 fraction. W13 is then incremented by 2 (for a word write).

2.4.2.3 Round Logic

The round logic is a combinational block which performs a conventional (biased) or convergent (unbiased) round function during an accumulator write (store). The Round mode is determined by the state of the RND bit in the CORCON register. It generates a 16bit, 1.15 data value which is passed to the data space write saturation logic. If rounding is not indicated by the instruction, a truncated 1.15 data value is stored and the LS Word is simply discarded.

Conventional rounding takes bit 15 of the accumulator, zero-extends it and adds it to the ACCxH word (bits 16 through 31 of the accumulator). If the ACCxL word (bits 0 through 15 of the accumulator) is between 0x8000 and 0xFFFF (0x8000 included), ACCxH is incremented. If ACCxL is between 0x0000 and 0x7FFF, ACCxH is left unchanged. A consequence of this algorithm is that over a succession of random rounding operations, the value will tend to be biased slightly positive.

Convergent (or unbiased) rounding operates in the same manner as conventional rounding, except when ACCxL equals 0x8000. If this is the case, the LS bit (bit 16 of the accumulator) of ACCxH is examined. If it is ‘1’, ACCxH is incremented. If it is ‘0’, ACCxH is not modified. Assuming that bit 16 is effectively random in nature, this scheme will remove any rounding bias that may accumulate.

The SAC and SAC.R instructions store either a truncated (SAC) or rounded (SAC.R) version of the contents of the target accumulator to data memory via the X bus (subject to data saturation, see Section 2.4.2.4). Note that for the MAC class of instructions, the accumulator write back operation will function in the same manner, addressing combined MCU (X and Y) data space though the X bus. For this class of instructions, the data is always subject to rounding.

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2.4.2.4 Data Space Write Saturation

In addition to adder/subtracter saturation, writes to data space may also be saturated but without affecting the contents of the source accumulator. The data space write saturation logic block accepts a 16-bit, 1.15 fractional value from the round logic block as its input, together with overflow status from the original source (accumulator) and the 16-bit round adder. These are combined and used to select the appropriate 1.15 fractional value as output to write to data space memory.

If the SATDW bit in the CORCON register is set, data (after rounding or truncation) is tested for overflow and adjusted accordingly, For input data greater than 0x007FFF, data written to memory is forced to the maximum positive 1.15 value, 0x7FFF. For input data less than 0xFF8000, data written to memory is forced to the maximum negative 1.15 value, 0x8000. The MS bit of the source (bit 39) is used to determine the sign of the operand being tested.

If the SATDW bit in the CORCON register is not set, the input data is always passed through unmodified under all conditions.

2.4.3 BARREL SHIFTER

The barrel shifter is capable of performing up to 16-bit arithmetic or logic right shifts, or up to 16-bit left shifts in a single cycle. The source can be either of the two DSP accumulators, or the X bus (to support multi-bit shifts of register or memory data).

The shifter requires a signed binary value to determine both the magnitude (number of bits) and direction of the shift operation. A positive value will shift the operand right. A negative value will shift the operand left. A value of ‘0’ will not modify the operand.

The barrel shifter is 40-bits wide, thereby obtaining a 40-bit result for DSP shift operations and a 16-bit result for MCU shift operations. Data from the X bus is presented to the barrel shifter between bit positions 16 to 31 for right shifts, and bit positions 0 to 16 for left shifts.

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS70138C-page 21

dsPIC30F3014/4013

NOTES:

DS70138C-page 22 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

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3.0 MEMORY ORGANIZATION

3.1 Program Address Space

The program address space is 4M instruction words. It is addressable by a 24-bit value from either the 23-bit PC, table instruction Effective Address (EA), or data space EA, when program space is mapped into data space as defined by Table 3-1. Note that the program space address is incremented by two between successive program words in order to provide compatibility with data space addressing.

FIGURE 3-1: dsPIC30F3014 PROGRAM

SPACE MEMORY MAP

Reset - GOTO Instruction

Reset - Target Address

Interrupt Vector Table

Alternate Vector Table

Program Memory

Space

User Memory

UNITID (32 instr.)

Device Configuration

Spac e

Configuration Memory

Reserved

User Flash

(8K instructions)

Reserved

(Read ‘0’s)

Data EEPROM

(1 Kbyte)

Reserved

Registers

Reserved

DEVID (2)

000000 000002 000004

00007E 000080

000084

0000FE 000100

003FFE 004000

7FFBFE 7FFC00

7FFFFE 800000

8005BE 8005C0

8005FE 800600

F7FFFE F80000

F8000E F80010

FEFFFE FF0000 FF0002

Vector Tables

User program space access is restricted to the lower 4M instruction word address range (0x000000 to 0x7FFFFE) for all accesses other than TBLRD/TBLWT, which use TBLPAG<7> to determine user or configuration space access. In Table 3-1, Program Space Address Construction, bit 23 allows access to the Device ID, the User ID and the configuration bits. Otherwise, bit 23 is always clear.

FIGURE 3-2: dsPIC30F4013 PROGRAM

SPACE MEMORY MAP

Reset - GOTO Instruction

Reset - Target Address

Interrupt Vector Table

Alternate Vector Table

Program Memory (16K instructions)

Space

User Memory

UNITID (32 instr.)

Spac e

Configuration Memory

Device Configuration

Reserved

User Flash

Reserved

(Read ‘0’s)

Data EEPROM

(1 Kbyte)

Reserved

Registers

Reserved

DEVID (2)

000000 000002 000004

00007E 000080

000084

0000FE 000100

007FFE 004000

7FFBFE 7FFC00

7FFFFE 800000

8005BE 8005C0

8005FE 800600

F7FFFE F80000

F8000E F80010

FEFFFE FF0000 FF0002

Vector Tables

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS70138C-page 23

dsPIC30F3014/4013

TABLE 3-1: PROGRAM SPACE ADDRESS CONSTRUCTION

Access Type

Instruction Access User 0 PC<22:1> 0

TBLRD/TBLWT User

TBLRD/TBLWT Configuration

Program Space Visibility User 0 PSVPAG<7:0> Data EA<14:0>

Access

Space

(TBLPAG<7> = 0)

(TBLPAG<7> = 1)

<23> <22:16> <15> <14:1> <0>

TBLPAG<7:0> Data EA<15:0>

FIGURE 3-3: DATA ACCESS FROM PROGRAM SPACE ADDRESS GENERATION

23 bits

Using Program Counter

Program Space Address

0Program Counter

Select

Using Program Space

Visibility

Using Table Instruction

User/ Configuration Space Select

Note: Program space visibility cannot be used to access bits <23:16> of a word in program memory.

PSVPAG Reg

1/0

TBLPAG Reg

8 bits

24-bit EA

15 bits

16 bits

Byte

Select

DS70138C-page 24 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

dsPIC30F3014/4013

3.1.1 DATA ACCESS FROM PROGRAM MEMORY USING TABLE INSTRUCTIONS

This architecture fetches 24-bit wide program memory. Consequently, instructions are always aligned. However, as the architecture is modified Harvard, data can also be present in program space.

There are two methods by which program space can be accessed: via special table instructions, or through the remapping of a 16K word program space page into the upper half of data space (see Section 3.1.2). The TBLRDL and TBLWTL instructions offer a direct method of reading or writing the LS Word of any address within program space, without going through data space. The TBLRDH and TBLWTH instructions are the only method whereby the upper 8 bits of a program space word can be accessed as data.

The PC is incremented by two for each successive 24-bit program word. This allows program memory addresses to directly map to data space addresses. Program memory can thus be regarded as two 16-bit word wide address spaces, residing side by side, each with the same address range. TBLRDL and TBLWTL access the space which contains the LS Data Word, and TBLRDH and TBLWTH access the space which contains the MS Data Byte.

Figure 3-3 shows how the EA is created for table operations and data space accesses (PSV = 1). Here, P<23:0> refers to a program space word, whereas D<15:0> refers to a data space word.

A set of table instructions are provided to move byte or word sized data to and from program space.

1. TBLRDL: Table Read Low Word: Read the LS Word of the program address; P<15:0> maps to D<15:0>. Byte: Read one of the LS Bytes of the program address; P<7:0> maps to the destination byte when byte select = 0; P<15:8> maps to the destination byte when byte select = 1.

2. TBLWTL: Table Write Low (refer to Section 5.0 for details on Flash Programming)

3. TBLRDH: Table Read High Word: Read the MS Word of the program address; P<23:16> maps to D<7:0>; D<15:8> will always be = 0. Byte: Read one of the MS Bytes of the program address; P<23:16> maps to the destination byte when byte select = 0; The destination byte will always be = 0 when byte select = 1.

4. TBLWTH: Table Write High (refer to Section 5.0 for details on Flash Programming)

FIGURE 3-4: PROGRAM DATA TABLE ACCESS (LS WORD)

PC Address

0x000000 0x000002

0x000004 0x000006

Program Memory ‘Phantom’ Byte (read as ‘0’)

00000000

TBLRDL.W

TBLRDL.B (Wn<0> = 1)

TBLRDL.B (Wn<0> = 0)

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dsPIC30F3014/4013

FIGURE 3-5: PROGRAM DATA TABLE ACCESS (MS BYTE)

TBLRDH.W

PC Address

0x000000 0x000002

0x000004 0x000006

Program Memory ‘Phantom’ Byte (read as ‘0’)

00000000

TBLRDH.B (Wn<0> = 1)

3.1.2 DATA ACCESS FROM PROGRAM MEMORY USING PROGRAM SPACE VISIBILITY

The upper 32 Kbytes of data space may optionally be mapped into any 16K word program space page. This provides transparent access of stored constant data from X data space without the need to use special instructions (i.e., TBLRDL/H, TBLWTL/H instructions).

Program space access through the data space occurs if the MS bit of the data space EA is set and program space visibility is enabled by setting the PSV bit in the Core Control register (CORCON). The functions of CORCON are discussed in Section 2.4, DSP Engine.

Data accesses to this area add an additional cycle to the instruction being executed, since two program memory fetches are required.

Note that the upper half of addressable data space is always part of the X data space. Therefore, when a DSP operation uses program space mapping to access this memory region, Y data space should typically contain state (variable) data for DSP operations, whereas X data space should typically contain coefficient (constant) data.

Although each data space address, 0x8000 and higher, maps directly into a corresponding program memory address (see Figure 3-6), only the lower 16 bits of the 24-bit program word are used to contain the data. The upper 8 bits should be programmed to force an illegal instruction to maintain machine robustness. Refer to the Programmer’s Reference Manual (DS70030) for details on instruction encoding.

TBLRDH.B (Wn<0> = 0)

Note that by incrementing the PC by 2 for each program memory word, the LS 15 bits of data space addresses directly map to the LS 15 bits in the corresponding program space addresses. The remaining bits are provided by the Program Space Visibility Page register, PSVPAG<7:0>, as shown in Figure 3-6.

Note: PSV access is temporarily disabled during

table reads/writes.

For instructions that use PSV which are executed outside a REPEAT loop:

• The following instructions will require one instruction cycle in addition to the specified execution time:

- MAC class of instructions with data operand

pre-fetch

- MOV instructions

- MOV.D instructions

• All other instructions will require two instruction cycles in addition to the specified execution time of the instruction.

For instructions that use PSV which are executed inside a REPEAT loop:

• The following instances will require two instruction cycles in addition to the specified execution time of the instruction:

- Execution in the first iteration

- Execution in the last iteration

- Execution prior to exiting the loop due to an

interrupt

- Execution upon re-entering the loop after an

interrupt is serviced

• Any other iteration of the REPEAT loop will allow the instruction accessing data, using PSV, to execute in a single cycle.

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dsPIC30F3014/4013

FIGURE 3-6: DATA SPACE WINDOW INTO PROGRAM SPACE OPERATION

Data Space Program Space

0x0000

0x000100

0x00

(1)

23 15 0

Data Read

0x000200

0x007FFF

EA<15> =

Data Space EA

EA<15> = 1

Upper Half of Data Space is Mapped into Program Space

BSET CORCON,#2 ; PSV bit set MOV #0x00, W0 ; Set PSVPAG register MOV W0, PSVPAG MOV 0x8200, W0 ; Access program memory location

Note: PSVPAG is an 8-bit register, containing bits <22:15> of the program space address (i.e., it defines

the page in program space to which the upper half of data space is being mapped). The memory map shown here is for a dsPIC30F4013 device.

; using a data space access

0x8000

0xFFFF

PSVPAG

Address

Concatenation

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3.2 Data Address Space

The core has two data spaces. The data spaces can be considered either separate (for some DSP instructions), or as one unified linear address range (for MCU instructions). The data spaces are accessed using two Address Generation Units (AGUs) and separate data paths.

3.2.1 DATA SPACE MEMORY MAP

The data space memory is split into two blocks, X and Y data space. A key element of this architecture is that Y space is a subset of X space, and is fully contained within X space. In order to provide an apparent linear addressing space, X and Y spaces have contiguous addresses.

When executing any instruction other than one of the MAC class of instructions, the X block consists of the 64Kbyte data address space (including all Y addresses). When executing one of the MAC class of instructions, the X block consists of the 64-Kbyte data address space excluding the Y address block (for data reads only). In other words, all other instructions regard the entire data memory as one composite address space. The MAC class instructions extract the Y address space from data space and address it using EAs sourced from W10 and W11. The remaining X data space is addressed using W8 and W9. Both address spaces are concurrently accessed only with the MAC class instructions.

The data space memory map is shown in Figure 3-7.

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FIGURE 3-7: dsPIC30F3014/dsPIC30F4013 DATA SPACE MEMORY MAP

2 Kbyte SFR Space

2 Kbyte

SRAM Space

MS Byte

Address

0x0001

0x07FF 0x0801

0x0BFF 0x0C01

0x0FFF 0x0FFE

0x8001

16 bits

LSBMSB

SFR Space

X Data RAM (X)

Y Data RAM (Y)

LS Byte Address

0x0000

0x07FE 0x0800

0x0BFE 0x0C00

0x10000x1001

0x1FFE 0x1FFF

0x8000

8 Kbyte Near Data Space

Optionally Mapped into Program Memory

0xFFFF

X Data

Unimplemented (X)

0xFFFE

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FIGURE 3-8: DATA SPACE FOR MCU AND DSP (MAC CLASS) INSTRUCTIONS EXAMPLE

SFR SPACE

UNUSED

(Y SPACE)

X SPACE

Non-MAC Class Ops (Read/Write) MAC Class Ops (Read)

MAC Class Ops (Write)

Indirect EA using any W Indirect EA using W8, W9 Indirect EA using W10, W11

Y SPACE

UNUSED

SFR SPACE

UNUSED

X SPACE

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3.2.2 DATA SPACES

The X data space is used by all instructions and supports all Addressing modes. There are separate read and write data buses. The X read data bus is the return data path for all instructions that view data space as combined X and Y address space. It is also the X address space data path for the dual operand read instructions (MAC class). The X write data bus is the only write path to data space for all instructions.

The X data space also supports modulo addressing for all instructions, subject to Addressing mode restrictions. Bit-reversed addressing is only supported for writes to X data space.

The Y data space is used in concert with the X data space by the MAC class of instructions (CLR, ED, EDAC, MAC, MOVSAC, MPY, MPY.N and MSC) to provide two concurrent data read paths. No writes occur across the Y bus. This class of instructions dedicates two W register pointers, W10 and W11, to always address Y data space, independent of X data space, whereas W8 and W9 always address X data space. Note that during accumulator write back, the data address space is considered a combination of X and Y data spaces, so the write occurs across the X bus. Consequently, the write can be to any address in the entire data space.

The Y data space can only be used for the data prefetch operation associated with the MAC class of instructions. It also supports modulo addressing for automated circular buffers. Of course, all other instructions can access the Y data address space through the X data path as part of the composite linear space.

The boundary between the X and Y data spaces is defined as shown in Figure 3-7 and is not user programmable. Should an EA point to data outside its own assigned address space, or to a location outside physical memory, an all zero word/byte will be returned. For example, although Y address space is visible by all non-MAC instructions using any Addressing mode, an attempt by a MAC instruction to fetch data from that space using W8 or W9 (X space pointers) will return 0x0000.

3.2.3 DATA SPACE WIDTH

The core data width is 16 bits. All internal registers are organized as 16-bit wide words. Data space memory is organized in byte addressable, 16-bit wide blocks.

3.2.4 DATA ALIGNMENT

To help maintain backward compatibility with PICmicro usage efficiency, the dsPIC30F instruction set supports both word and byte operations. Data is aligned in data memory and registers as words, but all data space EAs resolve to bytes. Data byte reads will read the complete word which contains the byte, using the LS bit of any EA to determine which byte to select. The selected byte is placed onto the LS Byte of the X data path (no byte accesses are possible from the Y data path as the MAC class of instruction can only fetch words). That is, data memory and registers are organized as two parallel byte wide entities with shared (word) address decode but separate write lines. Data byte writes only write to the corresponding side of the array or register which matches the byte address.

As a consequence of this byte accessibility, all effective address calculations (including those generated by the DSP operations which are restricted to word sized data) are internally scaled to step through word aligned memory. For example, the core would recognize that Post-Modified Register Indirect Addressing mode [Ws++] will result in a value of Ws+1 for byte operations and Ws+2 for word operations.

All word accesses must be aligned to an even address. Misaligned word data fetches are not supported so care must be taken when mixing byte and word operations, or translating from 8-bit MCU code. Should a misaligned read or write be attempted, an address error trap will be generated. If the error occurred on a read, the instruction underway is completed, whereas if it occurred on a write, the instruction will be executed but the write will not occur. In either case, a trap will then be executed, allowing the system and/or user to examine the machine state prior to execution of the address fault.

devices and improve data space memory

TABLE 3-2: EFFECT OF INVALID

MEMORY ACCESSES

Attempted Operation Data Returned

EA = an unimplemented address 0x0000

W8 or W9 used to access Y data space in a MAC instruction

W10 or W11 used to access X data space in a MAC instruction

All effective addresses are 16 bits wide and point to bytes within the data space. Therefore, the data space address range is 64 Kbytes or 32K words.

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS70138C-page 31

0x0000

FIGURE 3-9: DATA ALIGNMENT

15 8 7 0

0001

0003

0005

Byte1 Byte 0

Byte3 Byte 2

Byte5 Byte 4

LS ByteMS Byte

0000

0002

0004

dsPIC30F3014/4013

All byte loads into any W register are loaded into the LS Byte. The MSB is not modified.

A sign-extend (SE) instruction is provided to allow users to translate 8-bit signed data to 16-bit signed values. Alternatively, for 16-bit unsigned data, users can clear the MSB of any W register by executing a zero-extend (ZE) instruction on the appropriate address.

Although most instructions are capable of operating on word or byte data sizes, it should be noted that some instructions, including the DSP instructions, operate only on words.

3.2.5 NEAR DATA SPACE

An 8-Kbyte ‘near’ data space is reserved in X address memory space between 0x0000 and 0x1FFF, which is directly addressable via a 13-bit absolute address field within all memory direct instructions. The remaining X address space and all of the Y address space is addressable indirectly. Additionally, the whole of X data space is addressable using MOV instructions, which support memory direct addressing with a 16-bit address field.

3.2.6 SOFTWARE STACK

The dsPIC devices contain a software stack. W15 is used as the stack pointer.

The stack pointer always points to the first available free word and grows from lower addresses towards higher addresses. It pre-decrements for stack pops and post-increments for stack pushes as shown in Figure 3-10. Note that for a PC push during any CALL instruction, the MSB of the PC is zero-extended before the push, ensuring that the MSB is always clear.

Note: A PC push during exception processing

will concatenate the SRL register to the MSB of the PC prior to the push.

There is a Stack Pointer Limit register (SPLIM) associated with the stack pointer. SPLIM is uninitialized at Reset. As is the case for the stack pointer, SPLIM<0> is forced to ‘0’ because all stack operations must be word aligned. Whenever an effective address (EA) is generated using W15 as a source or destination pointer, the address thus generated is compared with the value in SPLIM. If the contents of the Stack Pointer (W15) and the SPLIM register are equal and a push operation is performed, a Stack Error Trap will not occur. The Stack Error Trap will occur on a subsequent push operation. Thus, for example, if it is desirable to cause a Stack Error Trap when the stack grows beyond address 0x2000 in RAM, initialize the SPLIM with the value, 0x1FFE.

Similarly, a stack pointer underflow (stack error) trap is generated when the stack pointer address is found to be less than 0x0800, thus preventing the stack from interfering with the Special Function Register (SFR) space.

A write to the SPLIM register should not be immediately followed by an indirect read operation using W15.

FIGURE 3-10: CALL STACK FRAME

0x0000

Higher Address

Stack Grows Towards

PC<15:0>

000000000

PC<22:16>

015

W15 (before CALL)

W15 (after CALL)

POP : [--W15] PUSH : [W15++]

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dsPIC30F3014/4013

uuuu uuuu uuuu uuu0

Bit 15 Bit 14 Bit 13 Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Reset State

(Home)

Address

SFR Name

TABLE 3-3: CORE REGISTER MAP

W2 0004 W2 0000 0000 0000 0000

W0 0000 W0/WREG 0000 0000 0000 0000

W1 0002 W1 0000 0000 0000 0000

W5 000A W5 0000 0000 0000 0000

W4 0008 W4 0000 0000 0000 0000

W3 0006 W3 0000 0000 0000 0000

W10 0014 W10 0000 0000 0000 0000

W11 0016 W11 0000 0000 0000 0000

W9 0012 W9 0000 0000 0000 0000

W8 0010 W8 0000 0000 0000 0000

W7 000E W7 0000 0000 0000 0000

W6 000C W6 0000 0000 0000 0000

W12 0018 W12 0000 0000 0000 0000

W13 001A W13 0000 0000 0000 0000

W14 001C W14 0000 0000 0000 0000

ACCAL 0022 ACCAL 0000 0000 0000 0000

W15 001E W15 0000 1000 0000 0000

SPLIM 0020 SPLIM 0000 0000 0000 0000

ACCBU 002C Sign-Extension (ACCB<39>) ACCBU 0000 0000 0000 0000

PCL 002E PCL 0000 0000 0000 0000

ACCBH 002A ACCBH 0000 0000 0000 0000

ACCAU 0026 Sign-Extension (ACCA<39>) ACCAU 0000 0000 0000 0000

ACCBL 0028 ACCBL 0000 0000 0000 0000

ACCAH 0024 ACCAH 0000 0000 0000 0000

— — — — — — — — PSVPAG 0000 0000 0000 0000

PCH 0030

PSVPAG 0034

RCOUNT 0036 RCOUNT uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu

TBLPAG 0032

— — — — — — — — — DOSTARTH 0000 0000 0uuu uuuu

— — — — — — — — — DOENDH 0000 0000 0uuu uuuu

DOSTARTL 003A DOSTARTL 0 uuuu uuuu uuuu uuu0

DOSTARTH 003C

DCOUNT 0038 DCOUNT uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu

DOENDL 003E DOENDL

DOENDH 0040

SR 0042 OA OB SA SB OAB SAB DA DC IPL2 IPL1 IPL0 RA N OV Z C 0000 0000 0000 0000

Legend: u = uninitialized bit

— — — — — — — — — PCH 0000 0000 0000 0000

— — — — — — — —TBLPAG0000 0000 0000 0000

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— — BWM<3:0> YWM<3:0> XWM<3:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000

Bit 15 Bit 14 Bit 13 Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Reset State

(Home)

Address

SFR Name

CORCON 0044 — — — US EDT DL2 DL1 DL0 SATA SATB SATDW ACCSAT IPL3 PSV RND IF 0000 0000 0010 0000

MODCON 0046 XMODEN YMODEN

XMODSRT 0048 XS<15:1> 0 uuuu uuuu uuuu uuu0

XMODEND 004A XE<15:1> 1 uuuu uuuu uuuu uuu1

TABLE 3-3: CORE REGISTER MAP (CONTINUED)

DS70138C-page 34 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

YMODSRT 004C YS<15:1> 0 uuuu uuuu uuuu uuu0

— — DISICNT<13:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000

YMODEND 004E YE<15:1> 1 uuuu uuuu uuuu uuu1

Legend: u = uninitialized bit

XBREV 0050 BREN XB<14:0> uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu

DISICNT 0052

Note: Refer to dsPIC30F Family Reference Manual (DS70046) for descriptions of register bit fields.

dsPIC30F3014/4013

4.0 ADDRESS GENERATOR UNITS

The dsPIC core contains two independent address generator units: the X AGU and Y AGU. The Y AGU supports word sized data reads for the DSP MAC class of instructions only. The dsPIC AGUs support three types of data addressing:

• Linear Addressing

• Modulo (Circular) Addressing

• Bit-Reversed Addressing

Linear and Modulo Data Addressing modes can be applied to data space or program space. Bit-reversed addressing is only applicable to data space addresses.

4.1 Instruction Addressing Modes

The addressing modes in Table 4-1 form the basis of the addressing modes optimized to support the specific features of individual instructions. The addressing modes provided in the MAC class of instructions are somewhat different from those in the other instruction types.

4.1.1 FILE REGISTER INSTRUCTIONS

Most file register instructions use a 13-bit address field (f) to directly address data present in the first 8192 bytes of data memory (near data space). Most file register instructions employ a working register W0, which is denoted as WREG in these instructions. The destination is typically either the same file register, or WREG (with the exception of the MUL instruction), which writes the result to a register or register pair. The MOV instruction allows additional flexibility and can access the entire data space during file register operation.

4.1.2 MCU INSTRUCTIONS

The three-operand MCU instructions are of the form:

Operand 3 = Operand 1 <function> Operand 2

where Operand 1 is always a working register (i.e., the addressing mode can only be register direct), which is referred to as Wb. Operand 2 can be a W register, fetched from data memory, or a 5-bit literal. The result location can be either a W register or an address location. The following addressing modes are supported by MCU instructions:

• Register Direct

• Register Indirect

• Register Indirect Post-modified

• Register Indirect Pre-modified

• 5-bit or 10-bit Literal

Note: Not all instructions support all the address-

ing modes given above. Individual instructions may support different subsets of these addressing modes.

TABLE 4-1: FUNDAMENTAL ADDRESSING MODES SUPPORTED

Addressing Mode Description

File Register Direct The address of the File register is specified explicitly.

decremented) by a constant value.

to form the EA.

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4.1.3 MOVE AND ACCUMULATOR INSTRUCTIONS

Move instructions and the DSP accumulator class of instructions provide a greater degree of addressing flexibility than other instructions. In addition to the addressing modes supported by most MCU instructions, move and accumulator instructions also support Register Indirect with Register Offset Addressing mode, also referred to as Register Indexed mode.

Note: For the MOV instructions, the addressing

mode specified in the instruction can differ for the source and destination EA. However, the 4-bit Wb (register offset) field is shared between both source and destination (but typically only used by one).

In summary, the following addressing modes are supported by move and accumulator instructions:

• Register Direct

• Register Indirect

• Register Indirect Post-modified

• Register Indirect Pre-modified

• Register Indirect with Register Offset (Indexed)

• Register Indirect with Literal Offset

• 8-bit Literal

• 16-bit Literal

Note: Not all instructions support all the address-

ing modes given above. Individual instructions may support different subsets of these addressing modes.

4.1.4 MAC INSTRUCTIONS

The dual source operand DSP instructions (CLR, ED, EDAC, MAC, MPY, MPY.N, MOVSAC and MSC), also

referred to as MAC instructions, utilize a simplified set of addressing modes to allow the user to effectively manipulate the data pointers through register indirect tables.

The 2 source operand pre-fetch registers must be a member of the set {W8, W9, W10, W11}. For data reads, W8 and W9 will always be directed to the X RAGU and W10 and W11 will always be directed to the Y AGU. The effective addresses generated (before and after modification) must, therefore, be valid addresses within X data space for W8 and W9 and Y data space for W10 and W11.

In summary, the following addressing modes are supported by the MAC class of instructions:

• Register Indirect

• Register Indirect Post-modified by 2

• Register Indirect Post-modified by 4

• Register Indirect Post-modified by 6

• Register Indirect with Register Offset (Indexed)

4.1.5 OTHER INSTRUCTIONS

Besides the various addressing modes outlined above, some instructions use literal constants of various sizes. For example, BRA (branch) instructions use 16-bit signed literals to specify the branch destination directly, whereas the DISI instruction uses a 14-bit unsigned literal field. In some instructions, such as ADD Acc, the source of an operand or result is implied by the opcode itself. Certain operations, such as NOP, do not have any operands.

4.2 Modulo Addressing

Modulo addressing is a method of providing an automated means to support circular data buffers using hardware. The objective is to remove the need for software to perform data address boundary checks when executing tightly looped code, as is typical in many DSP algorithms.

Modulo addressing can operate in either data or program space (since the data pointer mechanism is essentially the same for both). One circular buffer can be supported in each of the X (which also provides the pointers into program space) and Y data spaces. Modulo addressing can operate on any W register pointer. However, it is not advisable to use W14 or W15 for modulo addressing since these two registers are used as the stack frame pointer and stack pointer, respectively.

In general, any particular circular buffer can only be configured to operate in one direction, as there are certain restrictions on the buffer start address (for incrementing buffers), or end address (for decrementing buffers) based upon the direction of the buffer.

The only exception to the usage restrictions is for buffers which have a power-of-2 length. As these buffers satisfy the start and end address criteria, they may operate in a Bidirectional mode (i.e., address boundary checks will be performed on both the lower and upper address boundaries).

Note: Register indirect with register offset

addressing is only available for W9 (in X space) and W11 (in Y space).

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4.2.1 START AND END ADDRESS

The modulo addressing scheme requires that a starting and an ending address be specified and loaded into the 16-bit Modulo Buffer Address registers: XMODSRT, XMODEND, YMODSRT and YMODEND (see Table 3-3).

Note: Y space modulo addressing EA calcula-

tions assume word sized data (LS bit of every EA is always clear).

The length of a circular buffer is not directly specified. It is determined by the difference between the corresponding start and end addresses. The maximum possible length of the circular buffer is 32K words (64 Kbytes).

4.2.2 W ADDRESS REGISTER SELECTION

The Modulo and Bit-Reversed Addressing Control register MODCON<15:0> contains enable flags as well as a W register field to specify the W address registers. The XWM and YWM fields select which registers will operate with modulo addressing. If XWM = 15, X RAGU and X WAGU modulo addressing is disabled. Similarly, if YWM = 15, Y AGU modulo addressing is disabled.

The X Address Space Pointer W register (XWM), to which modulo addressing is to be applied, is stored in MODCON<3:0> (see Table 3-3). Modulo addressing is enabled for X data space when XWM is set to any value other than ‘15’ and the XMODEN bit is set at MODCON<15>.

The Y Address Space Pointer W register (YWM), to which modulo addressing is to be applied, is stored in MODCON<7:4>. Modulo addressing is enabled for Y data space when YWM is set to any value other than ‘15’ and the YMODEN bit is set at MODCON<14>.

FIGURE 4-1: MODULO ADDRESSING OPERATION EXAMPLE

Byte Address

0x0800

MOV #0x800,W0 MOV W0,XMODSRT ;set modulo start address MOV #0x863,W0 MOV W0,MODEND ;set modulo end address MOV #0x8001,W0 MOV W0,MODCON ;enable W1, X AGU for modulo

0x0863

Start Addr = 0x0800 End Addr = 0x0863 Length = 0x0032 words

MOV #0x0000,W0 ;W0 holds buffer fill value MOV #0x800,W1 ;point W1 to buffer

DO AGAIN,#0x31 ;fill the 50 buffer locations MOV W0,[W1++] ;fill the next location AGAIN: INC W0,W0 ;increment the fill value

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4.2.3 MODULO ADDRESSING APPLICABILITY

Modulo addressing can be applied to the effective address (EA) calculation associated with any W register. It is important to realize that the address boundaries check for addresses less than, or greater than the upper (for incrementing buffers), and lower (for decrementing buffers) boundary addresses (not just equal to). Address changes may, therefore, jump beyond boundaries and still be adjusted correctly.

Note: The modulo corrected effective address is

written back to the register only when PreModify or Post-Modify Addressing mode is used to compute the effective address. When an address offset (e.g., [W7+W2]) is used, modulo address correction is performed but the contents of the register remain unchanged.

4.3 Bit-Reversed Addressing

Bit-reversed addressing is intended to simplify data reordering for radix-2 FFT algorithms. It is supported by the X AGU for data writes only.

The modifier, which may be a constant value or register contents, is regarded as having its bit order reversed. The address source and destination are kept in normal order. Thus, the only operand requiring reversal is the modifier.

4.3.1 BIT-REVERSED ADDRESSING IMPLEMENTATION

Bit-reversed addressing is enabled when:

1. BWM (W register selection) in the MODCON

2. the BREN bit is set in the XBREV register and

3. the addressing mode used is Register Indirect

with Pre-Increment or Post-Increment.

If the length of a bit-reversed buffer is M = 2 then the last ‘N’ bits of the data buffer start address must be zeros.

XB<14:0> is the bit-reversed address modifier or ‘pivot point’ which is typically a constant. In the case of an FFT computation, its value is equal to half of the FFT data buffer size.

Note: All bit-reversed EA calculations assume

word sized data (LS bit of every EA is always clear). The XB value is scaled accordingly to generate compatible (byte) addresses.

When enabled, bit-reversed addressing will only be executed for register indirect with pre-increment or post-increment addressing and word sized data writes. It will not function for any other addressing mode or for byte sized data, and normal addresses will be generated instead. When bit-reversed addressing is active, the W address pointer will always be added to the address modifier (XB) and the offset associated with the Register Indirect Addressing mode will be ignored. In addition, as word sized data is a requirement, the LS bit of the EA is ignored (and always clear).

Note: Modulo addressing and bit-reversed

addressing should not be enabled together. In the event that the user attempts to do this, bit-reversed addressing will assume priority when active for the X WAGU, and X WAGU modulo addressing will be disabled. However, modulo addressing will continue to function in the X RAGU.

If bit-reversed addressing has already been enabled by setting the BREN (XBREV<15>) bit, then a write to the XBREV register should not be immediately followed by an indirect read operation using the W register that has been designated as the bit-reversed pointer.

bytes,

FIGURE 4-2: BIT-REVERSED ADDRESS EXAMPLE

Sequential Address

b15 b14 b13 b12

DS70138C-page 38 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

b11 b10 b9 b8

b7 b6 b5 b4

b7 b6 b5 b1

Pivot Point

b3 b2 b1 0

Bit Locations Swapped Left-to-Right Around Center of Binary Value

b2 b3 b4 0

Bit-Reversed Address

XB = 0x0008 for a 16-word Bit-Reversed Buffer

dsPIC30F3014/4013

TABLE 4-2: BIT-REVERSED ADDRESS SEQUENCE (16-ENTRY)

Normal Address Bit-Reversed Address

A3 A2 A1 A0 Decimal A3 A2 A1 A0 Decimal

0000 0 0000 0

0001 1 1000 8

0010 2 0100 4

0011 3 1100 12

0100 4 0010 2

0101 5 1010 10

0110 6 0110 6

0111 7 1110 14

1000 8 0001 1

1001 9 1001 9

1010 10 0101 5

1011 11 1101 13

1100 12 0011 3

1101 13 1011 11

1110 14 0111 7

1111 15 1111 15

TABLE 4-3: BIT-REVERSED ADDRESS MODIFIER VALUES FOR XBREV REGISTER

Buffer Size (Words) XB<14:0> Bit-Reversed Address Modifier Value

1024 0x0200

512 0x0100

256 0x0080

128 0x0040

64 0x0020

32 0x0010

16 0x0008

8 0x0004

4 0x0002

2 0x0001

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dsPIC30F3014/4013

NOTES:

DS70138C-page 40 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

dsPIC30F3014/4013

5.0 FLASH PROGRAM MEMORY

The dsPIC30F family of devices contains internal program Flash memory for executing user code. There are two methods by which the user can program this memory:

1. Run-Time Self-Programming (RTSP)

2. In-Circuit Serial Programming™ (ICSP™)

5.1 In-Circuit Serial Programming (ICSP)

dsPIC30F devices can be serially programmed while in the end application circuit. This is simply done with two lines for Programming Clock and Programming Data (which are named PGC and PGD respectively), and three other lines for Power (V Master Clear (MCLR

). this allows customers to manufacture boards with unprogrammed devices, and then program the microcontroller just before shipping the product. This also allows the most recent firmware or a custom firmware to be programmed.

DD), Ground (VSS) and

5.2 Run-Time Self-Programming (RTSP)

RTSP is accomplished using TBLRD (table read) and TBLWT (table write) instructions.

With RTSP, the user may erase program memory, 32 instructions (96 bytes) at a time and can write program memory data, 32 instructions (96 bytes) at a time.

5.3 Table Instruction Operation Summary

The TBLRDL and the TBLWTL instructions are used to read or write to bits<15:0> of program memory. TBLRDL and TBLWTL can access program memory in Word or Byte mode.

The TBLRDH and TBLWTH instructions are used to read or write to bits<23:16> of program memory. TBLRDH and TBLWTH can access program memory in Word or Byte mode.

A 24-bit program memory address is formed using bits<7:0> of the TBLPAG register and the effective address (EA) from a W register specified in the table instruction, as shown in Figure 5-1.

FIGURE 5-1: ADDRESSING FOR TABLE AND NVM REGISTERS

24 bits

Using Program Counter

Using NVMADR Addressing

Using Table Instruction

User/Configuration Space Select

1/0

NVMADRU Reg

1/0

TBLPAG Reg

8 bits 16 bits

8 bits

Program Counter

NVMADR Reg EA

Working Reg EA

16 bits

24-bit EA

Byte Select

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS70138C-page 41

dsPIC30F3014/4013

5.4 RTSP Operation

The dsPIC30F Flash program memory is organized into rows and panels. Each row consists of 32 instructions, or 96 bytes. Each panel consists of 128 rows, or 4K x 24 instructions. RTSP allows the user to erase one row (32 instructions) at a time and to program four instructions at one time. RTSP may be used to program multiple program memory panels, but the table pointer must be changed at each panel boundary.

Each panel of program memory contains write latches that hold 32 instructions of programming data. Prior to the actual programming operation, the write data must be loaded into the panel write latches. The data to be programmed into the panel is loaded in sequential order into the write latches; instruction 0, instruction 1, etc. The instruction words loaded must always be from a group of 32 boundary.

The basic sequence for RTSP programming is to set up a table pointer, then do a series of TBLWT instructions to load the write latches. Programming is performed by setting the special bits in the NVMCON register. 32 TBLWTL and four TBLWTH instructions are required to load the 32 instructions. If multiple panel programming is required, the table pointer needs to be changed and the next set of multiple write latches written.

All of the table write operations are single word writes (2 instruction cycles), because only the table latches are written. A programming cycle is required for programming each row.

The Flash Program Memory is readable, writable and erasable during normal operation over the entire V range.

5.5 Control Registers

The four SFRs used to read and write the program Flash memory are:

•NVMCON

•NVMADR

• NVMADRU

•NVMKEY

5.5.1 NVMCON REGISTER

The NVMCON register controls which blocks are to be erased, which memory type is to be programmed, and start of the programming cycle.

5.5.2 NVMADR REGISTER

The NVMADR register is used to hold the lower two bytes of the effective address. The NVMADR register captures the EA<15:0> of the last table instruction that has been executed and selects the row to write.

5.5.3 NVMADRU REGISTER

The NVMADRU register is used to hold the upper byte of the effective address. The NVMADRU register captures the EA<23:16> of the last table instruction that has been executed.

5.5.4 NVMKEY REGISTER

NVMKEY is a write-only register that is used for write protection. To start a programming or an erase sequence, the user must consecutively write 0x55 and 0xAA to the NVMKEY register. Refer to Section 5.6 for further details.

Note: The user can also directly write to the

NVMADR and NVMADRU registers to specify a program memory address for erasing or programming.

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dsPIC30F3014/4013

5.6 Programming Operations

A complete programming sequence is necessary for programming or erasing the internal Flash in RTSP mode. A programming operation is nominally 2 msec in duration and the processor stalls (waits) until the operation is finished. Setting the WR bit (NVMCON<15>) starts the operation, and the WR bit is automatically cleared when the operation is finished.

5.6.1 PROGRAMMING ALGORITHM FOR PROGRAM FLASH

The user can erase or program one row of program Flash memory at a time. The general process is:

1. Read one row of program Flash (32 instruction

words) and store into data RAM as a data “image”.

2. Update the data image with the desired new

data.

3. Erase program Flash row.

a) Setup NVMCON register for multi-word,

program Flash, erase, and set WREN bit.

b) Write address of row to be erased into

NVMADRU/NVMDR. c) Write ‘55’ to NVMKEY. d) Write ‘AA’ to NVMKEY. e) Set the WR bit. This will begin erase cycle. f) CPU will stall for the duration of the erase

cycle. g) The WR bit is cleared when erase cycle

ends.

4. Write 32 instruction words of data from data RAM “image” into the program Flash write latches.

5. Program 32 instruction words into program Flash.

a) Setup NVMCON register for multi-word,

program Flash, program, and set WREN

bit. b) Write ‘55’ to NVMKEY. c) Write ‘AA’ to NVMKEY. d) Set the WR bit. This will begin program

cycle. e) CPU will stall for duration of the program

cycle. f) The WR bit is cleared by the hardware

when program cycle ends.

6. Repeat steps 1 through 5 as needed to program desired amount of program Flash memory.

5.6.2 ERASING A ROW OF PROGRAM

MEMORY

Example 5-1 shows a code sequence that can be used to erase a row (32 instructions) of program memory.

EXAMPLE 5-1: ERASING A ROW OF PROGRAM MEMORY

; Setup NVMCON for erase operation, multi word write ; program memory selected, and writes enabled

MOV #0x4041,W0 ;

; Init pointer to row to be ERASED

MOV W0

MOV #tblpage(PROG_ADDR),W0 ; MOV W0 MOV #tbloffset(PROG_ADDR),W0 ; Intialize in-page EA[15:0] pointer MOV W0, NVMADR ; Initialize NVMADR SFR DISI #5 ; Block all interrupts with priority <7 for

MOV #0x55,W0 MOV W0 MOV #0xAA,W1 ; MOV W1 BSET NVMCON,#WR ; Start the erase sequence NOP ; Insert two NOPs after the erase NOP ; command is asserted

NVMCON ; Init NVMCON SFR

NVMADRU ; Initialize PM Page Boundary SFR

; next 5 instructions

NVMKEY ; Write the 0x55 key

NVMKEY ; Write the 0xAA key

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dsPIC30F3014/4013

5.6.3 LOADING WRITE LATCHES

Example 5-2 shows a sequence of instructions that can be used to load the 96 bytes of write latches. 32 TBLWTL and 32 TBLWTH instructions are needed to load the write latches selected by the table pointer.

5.6.4 INITIATING THE PROGRAMMING SEQUENCE

For protection, the write initiate sequence for NVMKEY must be used to allow any erase or program operation to proceed. After the programming command has been executed, the user must wait for the programming time until programming is complete. The two instructions following the start of the programming sequence should be NOPs as shown in Example 5-3.

EXAMPLE 5-2: LOADING WRITE LATCHES

; Set up a pointer to the first program memory location to be written ; program memory selected, and writes enabled

MOV #0x0000,W0 ; MOV W0

MOV #0x6000,W0 ; An example program memory address ; Perform the TBLWT instructions to write the latches ; 0th_program_word

MOV #LOW_WORD_0,W2 ;

MOV #HIGH_BYTE_0,W3 ;

TBLWTL W2

TBLWTH W3 ; 1st_program_word

MOV #LOW_WORD_1,W2 ;

MOV #HIGH_BYTE_1,W3 ;

TBLWTL W2

TBLWTH W3 ; 2nd_program_word

MOV #LOW_WORD_2,W2 ;

MOV #HIGH_BYTE_2,W3 ;

TBLWTL W2

TBLWTH W3

•

; 31st_program_word

MOV #LOW_WORD_31,W2 ;

MOV #HIGH_BYTE_31,W3 ;

TBLWTL W2

TBLWTH W3

TBLPAG ; Initialize PM Page Boundary SFR

[W0] ; Write PM low word into program latch

[W0++] ; Write PM high byte into program latch

[W0] ; Write PM low word into program latch

[W0++] ; Write PM high byte into program latch

[W0] ; Write PM low word into program latch

[W0++] ; Write PM high byte into program latch

[W0] ; Write PM low word into program latch

[W0++] ; Write PM high byte into program latch

Note: In Example 5-2, the contents of the upper byte of W3 has no effect.

EXAMPLE 5-3: INITIATING A PROGRAMMING SEQUENCE

DISI #5 ; Block all interrupts with priority <7 for

MOV #0x55,W0 ;

MOV W0

MOV #0xAA,W1 ;

MOV W1

BSET NVMCON,#WR ; Start the erase sequence

NOP ; Insert two NOPs after the erase

NOP ; command is asserted

DS70138C-page 44 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

NVMKEY ; Write the 0x55 key

NVMKEY ; Write the 0xAA key

; next 5 instructions

dsPIC30F3014/4013

— — — — — — — — NVMADR<23:16> 0000 0000 uuuu uuuu

— — — — — — — — KEY<7:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000

File Name Addr. Bit 15 Bit 14 Bit 13 Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 All RESETS

NVMCON 0760 WR WREN WRERR — — — — TWRI — PROGOP<6:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000

TABLE 5-1: NVM REGISTER MAP

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS70138C-page 45

NVMKEY 0766

NVMADRU 0764

Legend: u = uninitialized bit

Note: Refer to dsPIC30F Family Reference Manual (DS70046) for descriptions of register bit fields.

NVMADR 0762 NVMADR<15:0> uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu

dsPIC30F3014/4013

NOTES:

DS70138C-page 46 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

dsPIC30F3014/4013

6.0 DATA EEPROM MEMORY

The Data EEPROM Memory is readable and writable during normal operation over the entire V data EEPROM memory is directly mapped in the program memory address space.

The four SFRs used to read and write the program Flash memory are used to access data EEPROM memory, as well. As described in Section 5.5, these registers are:

•NVMCON

•NVMADR

• NVMADRU

•NVMKEY

The EEPROM data memory allows read and write of single words and 16-word blocks. When interfacing to data memory, NVMADR in conjunction with the NVMADRU register are used to address the EEPROM location being accessed. TBLRDL and TBLWTL instructions are used to read and write data EEPROM. The dsPIC30F devices have up to 8 Kbytes (4K words) of data EEPROM with an address range from 0x7FF000 to 0x7FFFFE.

A word write operation should be preceded by an erase of the corresponding memory location(s). The write typically requires 2 ms to complete but the write time will vary with voltage and temperature.

A program or erase operation on the data EEPROM does not stop the instruction flow. The user is responsible for waiting for the appropriate duration of time before initiating another data EEPROM write/erase operation. Attempting to read the data EEPROM while a programming or erase operation is in progress results in unspecified data.

DD range. The

Control bit WR initiates write operations similar to program Flash writes. This bit cannot be cleared, only set, in software. They are cleared in hardware at the completion of the write operation. The inability to clear the WR bit in software prevents the accidental or premature termination of a write operation.

The WREN bit, when set, will allow a write operation. On power-up, the WREN bit is clear. The WRERR bit is set when a write operation is interrupted by a MCLR Reset or a WDT Time-out Reset during normal operation. In these situations, following Reset, the user can check the WRERR bit and rewrite the location. The address register NVMADR remains unchanged.

Note: Interrupt flag bit NVMIF in the IFS0 regis-

ter is set when write is complete. It must be cleared in software.

6.1 Reading the Data EEPROM

A TBLRD instruction reads a word at the current program word address. This example uses W0 as a pointer to data EEPROM. The result is placed in register W4 as shown in Example 6-1.

EXAMPLE 6-1: DATA EEPROM READ

MOV #LOW_ADDR_WORD,W0 ; Init Pointer MOV #HIGH_ADDR_WORD,W1 MOV W1 TBLRDL [ W0 ], W4 ; read data EEPROM

TBLPAG

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dsPIC30F3014/4013

6.2 Erasing Data EEPROM

6.2.2 ERASING A WORD OF DATA EEPROM

6.2.1 ERASING A BLOCK OF DATA EEPROM

In order to erase a block of data EEPROM, the NVMADRU and NVMADR registers must initially point to the block of memory to be erased. Configure NVMCON for erasing a block of data EEPROM, and set the ERASE and WREN bits in the NVMCON register. Setting the WR bit initiates the erase, as shown in Example 6-2.

The NVMADRU and NVMADR registers must point to the block. Select erase a block of data Flash, and set the ERASE and WREN bits in the NVMCON register. Setting the WR bit initiates the erase, as shown in Example 6-3.

EXAMPLE 6-2: DATA EEPROM BLOCK ERASE

; Select data EEPROM block, ERASE, WREN bits

MOV #4045,W0 MOV W0

; Start erase cycle by setting WR after writing key sequence

DISI #5 ; Block all interrupts with priority <7 for

MOV #0x55,W0 ; MOV W0 MOV #0xAA,W1 ; MOV W1

BSET NVMCON,#WR ; Initiate erase sequence NOP NOP ; Erase cycle will complete in 2mS. CPU is not stalled for the Data Erase Cycle ; User can poll WR bit, use NVMIF or Timer IRQ to determine erasure complete

NVMCON ; Initialize NVMCON SFR

; next 5 instructions

NVMKEY ; Write the 0x55 key

NVMKEY ; Write the 0xAA key

EXAMPLE 6-3: DATA EEPROM WORD ERASE

; Select data EEPROM word, ERASE, WREN bits

MOV #4044,W0

MOV W0

; Start erase cycle by setting WR after writing key sequence

DISI #5 ; Block all interrupts with priority <7 for

MOV #0x55,W0 ;

MOV W0 MOV #0xAA,W1 ;

MOV W1 BSET NVMCON,#WR ; Initiate erase sequence NOP NOP ; Erase cycle will complete in 2mS. CPU is not stalled for the Data Erase Cycle ; User can poll WR bit, use NVMIF or Timer IRQ to determine erasure complete

NVMCON

; next 5 instructions

NVMKEY ; Write the 0x55 key

NVMKEY ; Write the 0xAA key

DS70138C-page 48 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

dsPIC30F3014/4013

6.3 Writing to the Data EEPROM

To write an EEPROM data location, the following sequence must be followed:

1. Erase data EEPROM word. a) Select word, data EEPROM erase, and set

WREN bit in NVMCON register.

b) Write address of word to be erased into

NVMADR. c) Enable NVM interrupt (optional). d) Write ‘55’ to NVMKEY. e) Write ‘AA’ to NVMKEY. f) Set the WR bit. This will begin erase cycle. g) Either poll NVMIF bit or wait for NVMIF

interrupt. h) The WR bit is cleared when the erase cycle

ends.

2. Write data word into data EEPROM write latches.

3. Program 1 data word into data EEPROM. a) Select word, data EEPROM program, and

set WREN bit in NVMCON register. b) Enable NVM write done interrupt (optional). c) Write ‘55’ to NVMKEY. d) Write ‘AA’ to NVMKEY. e) Set the WR bit. This will begin program

cycle. f) Either poll NVMIF bit or wait for NVM

interrupt. g) The WR bit is cleared when the write cycle

ends.

The write will not initiate if the above sequence is not exactly followed (write 0x55 to NVMKEY, write 0xAA to NVMCON, then set WR bit) for each word. It is strongly recommended that interrupts be disabled during this code segment.

Additionally, the WREN bit in NVMCON must be set to enable writes. This mechanism prevents accidental writes to data EEPROM due to unexpected code execution. The WREN bit should be kept clear at all times except when updating the EEPROM. The WREN bit is not cleared by hardware.

After a write sequence has been initiated, clearing the WREN bit will not affect the current write cycle. The WR bit will be inhibited from being set unless the WREN bit is set. The WREN bit must be set on a previous instruction. Both WR and WREN cannot be set with the same instruction.

At the completion of the write cycle, the WR bit is cleared in hardware and the Non-Volatile Memory Write Complete Interrupt Flag bit (NVMIF) is set. The user may either enable this interrupt or poll this bit. NVMIF must be cleared by software.

6.3.1 WRITING A WORD OF DATA EEPROM

Once the user has erased the word to be programmed, then a table write instruction is used to write one write latch, as shown in Example 6-4.

6.3.2 WRITING A BLOCK OF DATA EEPROM

To write a block of data EEPROM, write to all sixteen latches first, then set the NVMCON register and program the block, as shown in Example 6-5.

EXAMPLE 6-4: DATA EEPROM WORD WRITE

; Point to data memory

MOV #LOW_ADDR_WORD,W0 ; Init pointer MOV #HIGH_ADDR_WORD,W1 MOV W1 MOV #LOW(WORD),W2 ; Get data

TBLWTL W2 ; The NVMADR captures last table access address ; Select data EEPROM for 1 word op

MOV #0x4004,W0

MOV W0

; Operate key to allow write operation

DISI #5 ; Block all interrupts with priority <7 for

MOV #0x55,W0

MOV W0

MOV #0xAA,W1

MOV W1

BSET NVMCON,#WR ; Initiate program sequence NOP NOP ; Write cycle will complete in 2mS. CPU is not stalled for the Data Write Cycle ; User can poll WR bit, use NVMIF or Timer IRQ to determine write complete

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS70138C-page 49

TBLPAG

[ W0] ; Write data

NVMCON

; next 5 instructions

NVMKEY ; Write the 0x55 key

NVMKEY ; Write the 0xAA key

dsPIC30F3014/4013

EXAMPLE 6-5: DATA EEPROM BLOCK WRITE

MOV #LOW_ADDR_WORD,W0 ; Init pointer MOV #HIGH_ADDR_WORD,W1 MOV W1 MOV #data1,W2 ; Get 1st data TBLWTL W2 MOV #data2,W2 ; Get 2nd data TBLWTL W2 MOV #data3,W2 ; Get 3rd data TBLWTL W2 MOV #data4,W2 ; Get 4th data TBLWTL W2 MOV #data5,W2 ; Get 5th data TBLWTL W2 MOV #data6,W2 ; Get 6th data TBLWTL W2 MOV #data7,W2 ; Get 7th data TBLWTL W2 MOV #data8,W2 ; Get 8th data TBLWTL W2 MOV #data9,W2 ; Get 9th data TBLWTL W2 MOV #data10,W2 ; Get 10th data TBLWTL W2 MOV #data11,W2 ; Get 11th data TBLWTL W2 MOV #data12,W2 ; Get 12th data TBLWTL W2 MOV #data13,W2 ; Get 13th data TBLWTL W2 MOV #data14,W2 ; Get 14th data TBLWTL W2 MOV #data15,W2 ; Get 15th data TBLWTL W2 MOV #data16,W2 ; Get 16th data TBLWTL W2 MOV #0x400A,W0 ; Select data EEPROM for multi word op MOV W0

DISI #5 ; Block all interrupts with priority <7 for

MOV #0x55,W0 MOV W0 MOV #0xAA,W1 MOV W1 BSET NVMCON,#WR ; Start write cycle NOP NOP

TBLPAG

[ W0]++ ; write data

[ W0]++ ; write data. The NVMADR captures last table access address.

NVMCON ; Operate Key to allow program operation

; next 5 instructions

NVMKEY ; Write the 0x55 key

NVMKEY ; Write the 0xAA key

6.4 Write Verify

Depending on the application, good programming practice may dictate that the value written to the memory should be verified against the original value. This should be used in applications where excessive writes can stress bits near the specification limit.

6.5 Protection Against Spurious Write

There are conditions when the device may not want to write to the data EEPROM memory. To protect against spurious EEPROM writes, various mechanisms have been built-in. On power-up, the WREN bit is cleared; also, the Power-up Timer prevents EEPROM write.

The write initiate sequence and the WREN bit together help prevent an accidental write during brown-out, power glitch, or software malfunction.

DS70138C-page 50 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

dsPIC30F3014/4013

7.0 I/O PORTS

All of the device pins (except VDD, VSS, MCLR and OSC1/CLKI) are shared between the peripherals and the parallel I/O ports.

All I/O input ports feature Schmitt Trigger inputs for improved noise immunity.

7.1 Parallel I/O (PIO) Ports

When a peripheral is enabled and the peripheral is actively driving an associated pin, the use of the pin as a general purpose output pin is disabled. The I/O pin may be read but the output driver for the parallel port bit will be disabled. If a peripheral is enabled but the peripheral is not actively driving a pin, that pin may be driven by a port.

All port pins have three registers directly associated with the operation of the port pin. The Data Direction register (TRISx) determines whether the pin is an input or an output. If the data direction bit is a ‘1’, then the pin is an input. All port pins are defined as inputs after a Reset. Reads from the latch (LATx), read the latch. Writes to the latch, write the latch (LATx). Reads from the port (PORTx), read the port pins and writes to the port pins, write the latch (LATx).

Any bit and its associated data and control registers that are not valid for a particular device will be disabled. That means the corresponding LATx and TRISx registers and the port pin will read as zeros.

When a pin is shared with another peripheral or function that is defined as an input only, it is nevertheless regarded as a dedicated port because there is no other competing source of outputs. An example is the INT4 pin.

The format of the registers for PORTA are shown in Ta bl e 7 -1 .

The TRISA (Data Direction Control) register controls the direction of the RA<7:0> pins, as well as the INTx pins and the V

REF pins. The LATA register supplies

data to the outputs and is readable/writable. Reading the PORTA register yields the state of the input pins, while writing the PORTA register modifies the contents of the LATA register.

A parallel I/O (PIO) port that shares a pin with a peripheral is, in general, subservient to the peripheral. The peripheral’s output buffer data and control signals are provided to a pair of multiplexers. The multiplexers select whether the peripheral or the associated port has ownership of the output data and control signals of the I/O pad cell. Figure 7-2 shows how ports are shared with other peripherals and the associated I/O cell (pad) to which they are connected. Table 7-1 shows the formats of the registers for the shared ports, PORTB through PORTG.

Note: The actual bits in use vary between

devices.

FIGURE 7-1: BLOCK DIAGRAM OF A DEDICATED PORT STRUCTURE

Dedicated Port Module

Data Bus

WR TRIS

WR LAT + WR Port

Read LAT

Read Port

Read TRIS

TRIS Latch

Data Latch

I/O Cell

I/O Pad

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dsPIC30F3014/4013

FIGURE 7-2: BLOCK DIAGRAM OF A SHARED PORT STRUCTURE

Data Bus

WR TRIS

WR LAT + WR Port

Peripheral Module

Peripheral Input Data

Peripheral Module Enable

Peripheral Output Enable

Peripheral Output Data

PIO Module

Read TRIS

TRIS Latch

Data Latch

Read LAT

Output Multiplexers

Output Enable

Output Data

I/O Cell

I/O Pad

Input Data

Read Port

7.2 Configuring Analog Port Pins

The use of the ADPCFG and TRIS registers control the operation of the A/D port pins. The port pins that are desired as analog inputs must have their corresponding TRIS bit set (input). If the TRIS bit is cleared (output), the digital output level (V converted.

When reading the Port register, all pins configured as analog input channels will read as cleared (a low level).

Pins configured as digital inputs will not convert an analog input. Analog levels on any pin that is defined as a digital input (including the ANx pins) may cause the input buffer to consume current that exceeds the device specifications.

OH or VOL) will be

7.2.1 I/O PORT WRITE/READ TIMING

One instruction cycle is required between a port direction change or port write operation and a read operation of the same port. Typically this instruction would be a NOP.

EXAMPLE 7-1: PORT WRITE/READ

EXAMPLE

MOV 0xFF00, W0 ; Configure PORTB<15:8>

; as inputs MOV W0, TRISB ; and PORTB<7:0> as outputs NOP ; additional instruction

cylcle

btss PORTB, #11 ; bit test RB11 and skip if

set

DS70138C-page 52 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

0000 1000 0000 0000

0000 0000 0000 0000

dsPIC30F3014/4013

— — — — — — — — — — —

RA11

LATA 11

TRISA11

— — — — — — — — — — — — — 1110 0000 0000 0000

— — — — — — — — — — — — — 0000 0000 0000 0000

RB12 RB11 RB10 RB9 RB8 RB7 RB6 RB5 RB4 RB3 RB2 RB1 RB0 0000 0000 0000 0000

LATB12 LATB11 LATB10 LATB9 LATB8 LATB7 LATB6 LATB5 LATB4 LATB3 LATB2 LATB1 LATB0 0000 0000 0000 0000

TRISB12 TRISB11 TRISB10 TRISB9 TRISB8 TRISB7 TRISB6 TRISB5 TRISB4 TRISB3 TRISB2 TRISB1 TRISB0 0001 1111 1111 1111

— — — —

— — —

Addr. Bit 15 Bit 14 Bit 13 Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Reset State

SFR Name

TRISA 02C0

TABLE 7-1: dsPIC30F3014/4013 PORT REGISTER MAP

PORTA 02C2

LATA 02C4

TRISB 02C6

PORTB 02C8

LATB 02CB

— — — — — — — — — — — — — 0000 0000 0000 0000

— — — — — — TRISD9 TRISD8 — — — — TRISD3 TRISD2 TRISD1 TRISD0 0000 0011 0000 1111

TRISC 02CC TRISC15 TRISC14 TRISC13

PORTC 02CE RC15 RC14 RC13

LATC 02D0 LATC15 LATC14 LATC13

TRISD 02D2

— — — — — — RD9 RD8 — — — — RD3 RD2 RD1 RD0 0000 0000 0000 0000

— — — — — — LATD9 LATD8 — — — — LATD3 LATD2 LATD1 LATD0 0000 0000 0000 0000

— — — — — — — — — TRISF6 TRISF5 TRISF4 TRISF3 TRISF2 TRISF1 TRISF0 0000 0000 0111 1111

— — — — — — — — — RF6 RF5 RF4 RF3 RF2 RF1 RF0 0000 0000 0000 0000

— — — — — — — — — LATF6 LATF5 LATF4 LATF3 LATF2 LATF1 LATF0 0000 0000 0000 0000

PORTD 02D4

LATD 02D6

TRISF 02DE

PORTF 02E0

LATF 02E2

Legend: u = uninitialized bit

Note: Refer to dsPIC30F Family Reference Manual (DS70046) for descriptions of register bit fields.

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS70138C-page 53

dsPIC30F3014/4013

7.3 Input Change Notification Module

The input change notification module provides the dsPIC30F devices the ability to generate interrupt requests to the processor, in response to a change of state on selected input pins. This module is capable of detecting input change of states even in Sleep mode, when the clocks are disabled. There are up to 24 external signals (CN0 through CN23) that may be selected (enabled) for generating an interrupt request on a change of state.

TABLE 7-2: INPUT CHANGE NOTIFICATION REGISTER MAP FOR dsPIC30F3014 (BITS 15-8)

SFR Name Addr. Bit 15 Bit 14 Bit 13 Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8 Reset State

CNEN1 00C0 CN15IE CN14IE CN13IE CN12IE CN11IE CN10IE CN9IE CN8IE 0000 0000 0000 0000

CNEN2 00C2

CNPU1 00C4 CN15PUE CN14PUE CN13PUE CN12PUE CN11PUE CN10PUE CN9PUE CN8PUE 0000 0000 0000 0000

CNPU2 00C6

Legend: u = uninitialized bit

TABLE 7-3: INPUT CHANGE NOTIFICATION REGISTER MAP FOR dsPIC30F3014 (BITS 7-0)

SFR

Name

CNEN1 00C0 CN7IE CN6IE CN5IE CN4IE CN3IE CN2IE CN1IE CN0IE 0000 0000 0000 0000

CNEN2 00C2

CNPU1 00C4 CN7PUE CN6PUE CN5PUE CN4PUE CN3PUE CN2PUE CN1PUE CN0PUE 0000 0000 0000 0000

CNPU2 00C6

Legend: u = uninitialized bit

Addr. Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Reset State

— — — — — — — — 0000 0000 0000 0000

— — — — — CN18IE CN17IE CN16IE 0000 0000 0000 0000

— — — — — CN18PUE CN17PUE CN16PUE 0000 0000 0000 0000

TABLE 7-4: INPUT CHANGE NOTIFICATION REGISTER MAP FOR dsPIC30F4013 (BITS 15-8)

SFR

Name

CNEN1 00C0 CN15IE CN14IE CN13IE CN12IE CN11IE CN10IE CN9IE CN8IE 0000 0000 0000 0000

CNEN2 00C2

CNPU1 00C4 CN15PUE CN14PUE CN13PUE CN12PUE CN11PUE CN10PUE CN9PUE CN8PUE 0000 0000 0000 0000

CNPU2 00C6

Legend: u = uninitialized bit

Addr. Bit 15 Bit 14 Bit 13 Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8 Reset State

— — — — — — — — 0000 0000 0000 0000

TABLE 7-5: INPUT CHANGE NOTIFICATION REGISTER MAP FOR dsPIC30F4013 (BITS 7-0)

SFR

Name

CNEN1 00C0 CN7IE CN6IE CN5IE CN4IE CN3IE CN2IE CN1IE CN0IE 0000 0000 0000 0000

CNEN2 00C2 CN23IE CN22IE CN21IE CN20IE CN19IE CN18IE CN17IE CN16IE 0000 0000 0000 0000

CNPU1 00C4 CN7PUE CN6PUE CN5PUE CN4PUE CN3PUE CN2PUE CN1PUE CN0PUE 0000 0000 0000 0000

CNPU2 00C6 CN23PUE CN22PUE CN21PUE CN20PUE CN19PUE CN18PUE CN17PUE CN16PUE 0000 0000 0000 0000

Legend: u = uninitialized bit

Note: Refer to dsPIC30F Family Reference Manual (DS70046) for descriptions of register bit fields.

Addr. Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Reset State

DS70138C-page 54 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

dsPIC30F3014/4013

8.0 INTERRUPTS

The dsPIC30F Sensor and General Purpose Families have up to 41 interrupt sources and 4 processor exceptions (traps) which must be arbitrated based on a priority scheme.

The CPU is responsible for reading the Interrupt Vector Table (IVT) and transferring the address contained in the interrupt vector to the program counter. The interrupt vector is transferred from the program data bus into the program counter via a 24-bit wide multiplexer on the input of the program counter.

The Interrupt Vector Table (IVT) and Alternate Interrupt Vector Table (AIVT) are placed near the beginning of program memory (0x000004). The IVT and AIVT are shown in Figure 8-1.

The interrupt controller is responsible for preprocessing the interrupts and processor exceptions prior to them being presented to the processor core. The peripheral interrupts and traps are enabled, prioritized and controlled using centralized Special Function Registers:

• IFS0<15:0>, IFS1<15:0>, IFS2<15:0> All interrupt request flags are maintained in these three registers. The flags are set by their respective peripherals or external signals, and they are cleared via software.

• IEC0<15:0>, IEC1<15:0>, IEC2<15:0> All interrupt enable control bits are maintained in these three registers. These control bits are used to individually enable interrupts from the peripherals or external signals.

• IPC0<15:0>... IPC10<7:0> The user assignable priority level associated with each of these 41 interrupts is held centrally in these twelve registers.

• IPL<3:0> The current CPU priority level is explicitly stored in the IPL bits. IPL<3> is present in the CORCON register, whereas IPL<2:0> are present in the STATUS register (SR) in the processor core.

• INTCON1<15:0>, INTCON2<15:0> Global interrupt control functions are derived from these two registers. INTCON1 contains the control and status flags for the processor exceptions. The INTCON2 register controls the external interrupt request signal behavior and the use of the alternate vector table.

Note: Interrupt flag bits get set when an interrupt

condition occurs, regardless of the state of its corresponding enable bit. User software should ensure the appropriate interrupt flag bits are clear prior to enabling an interrupt.

All interrupt sources can be user assigned to one of 7 priority levels, 1 through 7, via the IPCx registers. Each interrupt source is associated with an interrupt vector, as shown in Table 8-1. Levels 7 and 1 represent the highest and lowest maskable priorities, respectively.

Note: Assigning a priority level of ‘0’ to an inter-

rupt source is equivalent to disabling that interrupt.

If the NSTDIS bit (INTCON1<15>) is set, nesting of interrupts is prevented. Thus, if an interrupt is currently being serviced, processing of a new interrupt is prevented even if the new interrupt is of higher priority than the one currently being serviced.

Note: The IPL bits become read only whenever

the NSTDIS bit has been set to ‘1’.

Certain interrupts have specialized control bits for features like edge or level triggered interrupts, interrupt-on-change, etc. Control of these features remains within the peripheral module which generates the interrupt.

The DISI instruction can be used to disable the processing of interrupts of priorities 6 and lower for a certain number of instructions, during which the DISI bit (INTCON2<14>) remains set.

When an interrupt is serviced, the PC is loaded with the address stored in the vector location in program memory that corresponds to the interrupt. There are 63 different vectors within the IVT (refer to Table 8-1). These vectors are contained in locations 0x000004 through 0x0000FE of program memory (refer to Table 8-1). These locations contain 24-bit addresses and in order to preserve robustness, an address error trap will take place should the PC attempt to fetch any of these words during normal execution. This prevents execution of random data as a result of accidentally decrementing a PC into vector space, accidentally mapping a data space address into vector space, or the PC rolling over to 0x000000 after reaching the end of implemented program memory space. Execution of a GOTO instruction to this vector space will also generate an address error trap.

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS70138C-page 55

dsPIC30F3014/4013

8.1 Interrupt Priority

The user assignable interrupt priority (IP<2:0>) bits for each individual interrupt source are located in the LS 3 bits of each nibble within the IPCx register(s). Bit 3 of each nibble is not used and is read as a ‘0’. These bits define the priority level assigned to a particular interrupt by the user.

Note: The user selectable priority levels start at

0 as the lowest priority and level 7 as the highest priority.

Natural Order Priority is determined by the position of an interrupt in the vector table, and only affects interrupt operation when multiple interrupts with the same user-assigned priority become pending at the same time.

Table 8-1 and Table 8-2 list the interrupt numbers, corresponding interrupt sources and associated vector numbers for the dsPIC30F3014 and dsPIC30F4013 devices respectively.

Note 1: The natural order priority scheme has 0

as the highest priority and 53 as the lowest priority.

2: The natural order priority number is the

same as the INT number.

The ability for the user to assign every interrupt to one of seven priority levels implies that the user can assign a very high overall priority level to an interrupt with a low natural order priority. For example, the PLVD (Low Voltage Detect) can be given a priority of 7. The INT0 (External Interrupt 0) may be assigned to priority level 1, thus giving it a very low effective priority.

TABLE 8-1: dsPIC30F3014 INTERRUPT

VECTOR TABLE

INT

Number

Highest Natural Order Priority

0 8 INT0 - External Interrupt 0

1 9 IC1 - Input Capture 1

2 10 OC1 - Output Compare 1

3 11 T1 - Timer 1

4 12 IC2 - Input Capture 2

5 13 OC2 - Output Compare 2

6 14 T2 - Timer 2

7 15 T3 - Timer 3

8 16 SPI1

9 17 U1RX - UART1 Receiver

10 18 U1TX - UART1 Transmitter

11 19 ADC - ADC Convert Done

12 20 NVM - NVM Write Complete

13 21 SI2C - I

14 22 MI2C - I

15 23 Input Change Interrupt

16 24 INT1 - External Interrupt 1

17-22 25-30 Reserved

23 31 INT2 - External Interrupt 2

24 32 U2RX - UART2 Receiver

25 33 U2TX - UART2 Transmitter

26 34 Reserved

27 35 C1 - Combined IRQ for CAN1

28-41 36-49 Reserved

42 50 LVD - Low Voltage Detect

43-53 51-61 Reserved

Lowest Natural Order Priority

Vector

Number

Interrupt Source

C Slave Interrupt

C Master Interrupt

DS70138C-page 56 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

dsPIC30F3014/4013

TABLE 8-2: dsPIC30F4013 INTERRUPT

VECTOR TABLE

INT

Number

Highest Natural Order Priority

10 18 U1TX - UART1 Transmitter

11 19 ADC - ADC Convert Done

12 20 NVM - NVM Write Complete

13 21 SI2C - I

14 22 MI2C - I

15 23 Input Change Interrupt

16 24 INT1 - External Interrupt 1

17 25 IC7 - Input Capture 7

18 26 IC8 - Input Capture 8

19 27 OC3 - Output Compare 3

20 28 OC4 - Output Compare 4

21 29 T4 - Timer 4

22 30 T5 - Timer 5

23 31 INT2 - External Interrupt 2

24 32 U2RX - UART2 Receiver

25 33 U2TX - UART2 Transmitter

26 34 Reserved

27 35 C1 - Combined IRQ for CAN1

28-40 36-48 Reserved

41 49 DCI - CODEC Transfer Done

42 50 LVD - Low Voltage Detect

43-53 51-61 Reserved

Lowest Natural Order Priority

Vector

Number

0 8 INT0 - External Interrupt 0

1 9 IC1 - Input Capture 1

2 10 OC1 - Output Compare 1

3 11 T1 - Timer 1

4 12 IC2 - Input Capture 2

5 13 OC2 - Output Compare 2

6 14 T2 - Timer 2

7 15 T3 - Timer 3

8 16 SPI1

9 17 U1RX - UART1 Receiver

Interrupt Source

C Slave Interrupt

C Master Interrupt

8.2 Reset Sequence

A Reset is not a true exception, because the interrupt controller is not involved in the Reset process. The processor initializes its registers in response to a Reset which forces the PC to zero. The processor then begins program execution at location 0x000000. A GOTO instruction is stored in the first program memory location immediately followed by the address target for the GOTO instruction. The processor executes the GOTO to the specified address and then begins operation at the specified target (start) address.

8.2.1 RESET SOURCES

In addition to external Reset and Power-on Reset (POR), there are 6 sources of error conditions which ‘trap’ to the Reset vector.

• Watchdog Time-out: The watchdog has timed out, indicating that the processor is no longer executing the correct flow of code.

• Uninitialized W Register Trap: An attempt to use an uninitialized W register as an address pointer will cause a Reset.

• Illegal Instruction Trap: Attempted execution of any unused opcodes will result in an illegal instruction trap. Note that a fetch of an illegal instruction does not result in an illegal instruction trap if that instruction is flushed prior to execution due to a flow change.

• Brown-out Reset (BOR): A momentary dip in the power supply to the device has been detected which may result in malfunction.

• Trap Lockout: Occurrence of multiple trap conditions simultaneously will cause a Reset.

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS70138C-page 57

dsPIC30F3014/4013

8.3 Traps

Traps can be considered as non-maskable interrupts indicating a software or hardware error, which adhere to a predefined priority as shown in Figure 8-1. They are intended to provide the user a means to correct erroneous operation during debug and when operating within the application.

Note: If the user does not intend to take correc-

tive action in the event of a trap error condition, these vectors must be loaded with the address of a default handler that simply contains the RESET instruction. If, on the other hand, one of the vectors containing an invalid address is called, an address error trap is generated.

Note that many of these trap conditions can only be detected when they occur. Consequently, the questionable instruction is allowed to complete prior to trap exception processing. If the user chooses to recover from the error, the result of the erroneous action that caused the trap may have to be corrected.

There are 8 fixed priority levels for traps: Level 8 through Level 15, which implies that the IPL3 is always set during processing of a trap.

If the user is not currently executing a trap, and he sets the IPL<3:0> bits to a value of ‘0111’ (Level 7), then all interrupts are disabled, but traps can still be processed.

8.3.1 TRAP SOURCES

The following traps are provided with increasing priority. However, since all traps can be nested, priority has little effect.

Math Error Trap:

The Math Error trap executes under the following three circumstances:

1. Should an attempt be made to divide by zero, the divide operation will be aborted on a cycle boundary and the trap taken.

2. If enabled, a Math Error trap will be taken when an arithmetic operation on either accumulator A or B causes an overflow from bit 31 and the accumulator guard bits are not utilized.

3. If enabled, a Math Error trap will be taken when an arithmetic operation on either accumulator A or B causes a catastrophic overflow from bit 39 and all saturation is disabled.

4. If the shift amount specified in a shift instruction is greater than the maximum allowed shift amount, a trap will occur.

Address Error Trap:

This trap is initiated when any of the following circumstances occurs:

1. A misaligned data word access is attempted.

2. A data fetch from our unimplemented data memory location is attempted.

3. A data access of an unimplemented program memory location is attempted.

4. An instruction fetch from vector space is attempted.

Note: In the MAC class of instructions, wherein

the data space is split into X and Y data space, unimplemented X space includes all of Y space, and unimplemented Y space includes all of X space.

5. Execution of a “BRA #literal” instruction or a “GOTO #literal” instruction, where literal is an unimplemented program memory address.

6. Executing instructions after modifying the PC to point to unimplemented program memory addresses. The PC may be modified by loading a value into the stack and executing a RETURN instruction.

Stack Error Trap:

This trap is initiated under the following conditions:

1. The stack pointer is loaded with a value which is greater than the (user programmable) limit value written into the SPLIM register (stack overflow).

2. The stack pointer is loaded with a value which is less than 0x0800 (simple stack underflow).

Oscillator Fail Trap:

This trap is initiated if the external oscillator fails and operation becomes reliant on an internal RC backup.

8.3.2 HARD AND SOFT TRAPS

It is possible that multiple traps can become active within the same cycle (e.g., a misaligned word stack write to an overflowed address). In such a case, the fixed priority shown in Figure 8-2 is implemented, which may require the user to check if other traps are pending, in order to completely correct the fault.

‘Soft’ traps include exceptions of priority level 8 through level 11, inclusive. The arithmetic error trap (level 11) falls into this category of traps.

‘Hard’ traps include exceptions of priority level 12 through level 15, inclusive. The address error (level

12), stack error (level 13) and oscillator error (level 14)

traps fall into this category.

DS70138C-page 58 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

dsPIC30F3014/4013

Each hard trap that occurs must be acknowledged before code execution of any type may continue. If a lower priority hard trap occurs while a higher priority trap is pending, acknowledged, or is being processed, a hard trap conflict will occur.

The device is automatically Reset in a hard trap conflict condition. The TRAPR status bit (RCON<15>) is set when the Reset occurs, so that the condition may be detected in software.

FIGURE 8-1: TRAP VECTORS

Decreasing

IVT

Priority

AIVT

Reset - GOTO Instruction

Reset - GOTO Address

Reserved Oscillator Fail Trap Vector Address Error Trap Vector

Stack Error Trap Vector

Math Error Trap Vector

Reserved Vector Reserved Vector

Reserved Vector Interrupt 0 Vector Interrupt 1 Vector

— —

— Interrupt 52 Vector Interrupt 53 Vector

Reserved Reserved Reserved

Oscillator Fail Trap Vector

Stack Error Trap Vector

Address Error Trap Vector

Math Error Trap Vector

Reserved Vector Reserved Vector

Reserved Vector Interrupt 0 Vector Interrupt 1 Vector

— — —

Interrupt 52 Vector Interrupt 53 Vector

0x000000 0x000002

0x000004

0x000014

0x00007E

0x000080 0x000082 0x000084

0x000094

0x0000FE

rupt into the STATUS register. This action will disable all lower priority interrupts until the completion of the Interrupt Service Routine.

FIGURE 8-2: INTERRUPT STACK FRAME

0x0000

PC<15:0> SRL IPL3 PC<22:16>

Higher Address

Stack Grows Towards

Note 1: The user can always lower the priority

level by writing a new value into SR. The Interrupt Service Routine must clear the interrupt flag bits in the IFSx register before lowering the processor interrupt priority, in order to avoid recursive interrupts.

2: The IPL3 bit (CORCON<3>) is always

clear when interrupts are being processed. It is set only during execution of traps.

The RETFIE (return from interrupt) instruction will unstack the program counter and STATUS registers to return the processor to its state prior to the interrupt sequence.

015

W15 (before CALL)

W15 (after CALL)

POP : [--W15]

PUSH: [W15++]

8.4 Interrupt Sequence

All interrupt event flags are sampled in the beginning of each instruction cycle by the IFSx registers. A pending interrupt request (IRQ) is indicated by the flag bit being equal to a ‘1’ in an IFSx register. The IRQ will cause an interrupt to occur if the corresponding bit in the Interrupt Enable (IECx) register is set. For the remainder of the instruction cycle, the priorities of all pending interrupt requests are evaluated.

If there is a pending IRQ with a priority level greater than the current processor priority level in the IPL bits, the processor will be interrupted.

The processor then stacks the current program counter and the low byte of the processor STATUS register (SRL), as shown in Figure 8-2. The low byte of the STATUS register contains the processor priority level at the time prior to the beginning of the interrupt cycle. The processor then loads the priority level for this inter-

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS70138C-page 59

8.5 Alternate Vector Table

In program memory, the Interrupt Vector Table (IVT) is followed by the Alternate Interrupt Vector Table (AIVT), as shown in Figure 8-1. Access to the alternate vector table is provided by the ALTIVT bit in the INTCON2 register. If the ALTIVT bit is set, all interrupt and exception processes will use the alternate vectors instead of the default vectors. The alternate vectors are organized in the same manner as the default vectors. The AIVT supports emulation and debugging efforts by providing a means to switch between an application and a support environment without requiring the interrupt vectors to be reprogrammed. This feature also enables switching between applications for evaluation of different software algorithms at run time.

If the AIVT is not required, the program memory allocated to the AIVT may be used for other purposes. AIVT is not a protected section and may be freely programmed by the user.

dsPIC30F3014/4013

8.6 Fast Context Saving

A context saving option is available using shadow registers. Shadow registers are provided for the DC, N, OV, Z and C bits in SR, and the registers W0 through W3. The shadows are only one level deep. The shadow registers are accessible using the PUSH.S and POP.S instructions only.

When the processor vectors to an interrupt, the PUSH.S instruction can be used to store the current value of the aforementioned registers into their respective shadow registers.

If an ISR of a certain priority uses the PUSH.S and POP.S instructions for fast context saving, then a higher priority ISR should not include the same instructions. Users must save the key registers in software during a lower priority interrupt if the higher priority ISR uses fast context saving.

8.7 External Interrupt Requests

The interrupt controller supports up to five external interrupt request signals, INT0-INT4. These inputs are edge sensitive; they require a low-to-high or a high-tolow transition to generate an interrupt request. The INTCON2 register has five bits, INT0EP-INT4EP, that select the polarity of the edge detection circuitry.

8.8 Wake-up from Sleep and Idle

The interrupt controller may be used to wake-up the processor from either Sleep or Idle modes, if Sleep or Idle mode is active when the interrupt is generated.

If an enabled interrupt request of sufficient priority is received by the interrupt controller, then the standard interrupt request is presented to the processor. At the same time, the processor will wake-up from Sleep or Idle and begin execution of the Interrupt Service Routine (ISR) needed to process the interrupt request.

DS70138C-page 60 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

dsPIC30F3014/4013

0000 0000 0000 0000

0100 0100 0100 0100

0000 0000 0000 0000

0100 0100 0100 0100

0000 0100 0100 0100

0000 0100 0100 0000

— — — — OVATE OVBTE COVTE — — — MATHERR ADDRERR STKERR OSCFAIL —

— — — — — — — — — — — — INT2EP INT1EP INT0EP

— — — — C1IF — U2TXIF U2RXIF INT2IF — — — — — — INT1IF

— — — — — LVDIF — — — — — — — — — —

— — — — C1IE — U2TXIE U2RXIE INT2IE — — — — — — INT1IE

— — — — —LVDIE — — — — — — — — — —

— T1IP<2:0> — OC1IP<2:0> — IC1IP<2:0> — INT0IP<2:0>

— T31P<2:0> — T2IP<2:0> — OC2IP<2:0> — IC2IP<2:0>

— ADIP<2:0> — U1TXIP<2:0> — U1RXIP<2:0> — SPI1IP<2:0>

— CNIP<2:0> — MI2CIP<2:0> — SI2CIP<2:0> — NVMIP<2:0>

— — — — — — — — — — — — — INT1IP<2:0>

— INT2IP<2:0> — — — — — — — — — — — —

— C1IP<2:0> — — — — — U2TXIP<2:0> — U2RXIP<2:0>

— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

— — — — — LVDIP<2:0> — DCIIP<2:0> — — — —

ADR Bit 15 Bit 14 Bit 13 Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Reset State

SFR

Name

INTCON1 0080 NSTDIS

TABLE 8-3: dsPIC30F3014 INTERRUPT CONTROLLER REGISTER MAP

INTCON2 0082 ALTIVT

IFS0 0084 CNIF MI2CIF SI2CIF NVMIF ADIF U1TXIF U1RXIF SPI1IF T3IF T2IF OC2IF IC2IF T1IF OC1IF IC1IF INT0IF

IFS1 0086

IFS2 0088

IEC0 008C CNIE MI2CIE SI2CIE NVMIE ADIE U1TXIE U1RXIE SPI1IE T3IE T2IE OC2IE IC2IE T1IE OC1IE IC1IE INT0IE

IEC1 008E

IEC2 0090

IPC0 0094

IPC1 0096

IPC2 0098

IPC3 009A

IPC4 009C

IPC5 009E

IPC6 00A0

IPC7 00A2

IPC8 00A4

IPC9 00A6

IPC10 00A8

Legend: u = uninitialized bit

Note: Refer to dsPIC30F Family Reference Manual (DS70046) for descriptions of register bit fields.

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS70138C-page 61

dsPIC30F3014/4013

0000 0000 0000 0000

0100 0100 0100 0100

0000 0000 0000 0000

0100 0100 0100 0100

0000 0100 0100 0100

0000 0100 0100 0000

— — — — OVATE OVBTE COVTE — — — MATHERR ADDRERR STKERR OSCFAIL —

— — — — — — — — — — — — INT2EP INT1EP INT0EP

— — — — C1IF — U2TXIF U2RXIF INT2IF T5IF T4IF OC4IF OC3IF IC8IF IC7IF INT1IF

— — — — — LVDIF DCIIF — — — — — — — — —

— — — — C1IE — U2TXIE U2RXIE INT2IE T5IE T4IE OC4IE OC3IE IC8IE IC7IE INT1IE

— — — — — LVDIE DCIIE — — — — — — — — —

— T1IP<2:0> — OC1IP<2:0> — IC1IP<2:0> — INT0IP<2:0>

— T31P<2:0> — T2IP<2:0> — OC2IP<2:0> — IC2IP<2:0>

— ADIP<2:0> — U1TXIP<2:0> — U1RXIP<2:0> — SPI1IP<2:0>

— CNIP<2:0> — MI2CIP<2:0> — SI2CIP<2:0> — NVMIP<2:0>

— OC3IP<2:0> — IC8IP<2:0> — IC7IP<2:0> — INT1IP<2:0>

— INT2IP<2:0> — T5IP<2:0> — T4IP<2:0> — OC4IP<2:0>

— C1IP<2:0> — SPI2IP<2:0> — U2TXIP<2:0> — U2RXIP<2:0>

— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

— — — — — LVDIP<2:0> — DCIIP<2:0> — — — —

ADR Bit 15 Bit 14 Bit 13 Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Reset State

SFR

Name

INTCON1 0080 NSTDIS

TABLE 8-4: dsPIC30F4013 INTERRUPT CONTROLLER REGISTER MAP

INTCON2 0082 ALTIVT

IFS0 0084 CNIF MI2CIF SI2CIF NVMIF ADIF U1TXIF U1RXIF SPI1IF T3IF T2IF OC2IF IC2IF T1IF OC1IF IC1IF INT0IF

IFS1 0086

IFS2 0088

IEC0 008C CNIE MI2CIE SI2CIE NVMIE ADIE U1TXIE U1RXIE SPI1IE T3IE T2IE OC2IE IC2IE T1IE OC1IE IC1IE INT0IE

IEC1 008E

IEC2 0090

IPC0 0094

IPC1 0096

IPC2 0098

IPC3 009A

IPC4 009C

IPC5 009E

IPC6 00A0

IPC7 00A2

IPC8 00A4

IPC9 00A6

IPC10 00A8

Legend: u = uninitialized bit

Note: Refer to dsPIC30F Family Reference Manual (DS70046) for descriptions of register bit fields.

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dsPIC30F3014/4013

9.0 TIMER1 MODULE

This section describes the 16-bit General Purpose (GP) Timer1 module and associated Operational modes. Figure 9-1 depicts the simplified block diagram of the 16-bit Timer1 module.

The following sections provide a detailed description including setup and control registers, along with associated block diagrams for the Operational modes of the timers.

The Timer1 module is a 16-bit timer which can serve as the time counter for the real-time clock, or operate as a free-running interval timer/counter. The 16-bit timer has the following modes:

• 16-bit Timer

• 16-bit Synchronous Counter

• 16-bit Asynchronous Counter

Further, the following operational characteristics are supported:

• Timer gate operation

• Selectable prescaler settings

• Timer operation during CPU Idle and Sleep modes

• Interrupt on 16-bit Period register match or falling edge of external gate signal

These Operating modes are determined by setting the appropriate bit(s) in the 16-bit SFR, T1CON. Figure 9-1 presents a block diagram of the 16-bit timer module.

16-bit Timer Mode: In the 16-bit Timer mode, the timer increments on every instruction cycle up to a match value preloaded into the Period register PR1, then resets to ‘0’ and continues to count.

When the CPU goes into the Idle mode, the timer will stop incrementing unless the TSIDL (T1CON<13>) bit = 0. If TSIDL = 1, the timer module logic will resume the incrementing sequence upon termination of the CPU Idle mode.

16-bit Synchronous Counter Mode: In the 16-bit Synchronous Counter mode, the timer increments on the rising edge of the applied external clock signal which is synchronized with the internal phase clocks. The timer counts up to a match value preloaded in PR1, then resets to ‘0’ and continues.

When the CPU goes into the Idle mode, the timer will stop incrementing unless the respective TSIDL bit = 0. If TSIDL = 1, the timer module logic will resume the incrementing sequence upon termination of the CPU Idle mode.

16-bit Asynchronous Counter Mode: In the 16-bit Asynchronous Counter mode, the timer increments on every rising edge of the applied external clock signal. The timer counts up to a match value preloaded in PR1, then resets to ‘0’ and continues.

When the timer is configured for the Asynchronous mode of operation and the CPU goes into the Idle mode, the timer will stop incrementing if TSIDL = 1.

FIGURE 9-1: 16-BIT TIMER1 MODULE BLOCK DIAGRAM

PR1

T1IF

Event Flag

SOSCO/

T1CK

SOSCI

Equal

Reset

TGATE

Comparator x 16

LPOSCEN

TMR1

TGATE

Gate Sync

TCS

1 x

0 1

0 0

TGATE

TON

TSYNC

Sync

TCKPS<1:0>

Prescaler

1, 8, 64, 256

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS70138C-page 63

dsPIC30F3014/4013

9.1 Timer Gate Operation

The 16-bit timer can be placed in the Gated Time Accumulation mode. This mode allows the internal T increment the respective timer when the gate input signal (T1CK pin) is asserted high. Control bit TGATE (T1CON<6>) must be set to enable this mode. The timer must be enabled (TON = 1) and the timer clock source set to internal (TCS = 0).

When the CPU goes into the Idle mode, the timer will stop incrementing unless TSIDL = 0. If TSIDL = 1, the timer will resume the incrementing sequence upon termination of the CPU Idle mode.

CY to

9.2 Timer Prescaler

The input clock (FOSC/4 or external clock) to the 16-bit Timer has a prescale option of 1:1, 1:8, 1:64 and 1:256, selected by control bits TCKPS<1:0> (T1CON<5:4>). The prescaler counter is cleared when any of the following occurs:

• a write to the TMR1 register

• a write to the T1CON register

• device Reset, such as POR and BOR

However, if the timer is disabled (TON = 0), then the timer prescaler cannot be reset since the prescaler clock is halted.

TMR1 is not cleared when T1CON is written. It is cleared by writing to the TMR1 register.

9.3 Timer Operation During Sleep Mode

During CPU Sleep mode, the timer will operate if:

• The timer module is enabled (TON = 1) and

• The timer clock source is selected as external

(TCS = 1) and

• The TSYNC bit (T1CON<2>) is asserted to a logic

‘0’ which defines the external clock source as asynchronous.

When all three conditions are true, the timer will continue to count up to the Period register and be reset to 0x0000.

When a match between the timer and the Period register occurs, an interrupt can be generated if the respective timer interrupt enable bit is asserted.

9.4 Timer Interrupt

The 16-bit timer has the ability to generate an interrupt on period match. When the timer count matches the Period register, the T1IF bit is asserted and an interrupt will be generated if enabled. The T1IF bit must be cleared in software. The timer interrupt flag, T1IF, is located in the IFS0 Control register in the interrupt controller.

When the Gated Time Accumulation mode is enabled, an interrupt will also be generated on the falling edge of the gate signal (at the end of the accumulation cycle).

Enabling an interrupt is accomplished via the respective timer interrupt enable bit, T1IE. The timer interrupt enable bit is located in the IEC0 Control register in the interrupt controller.

9.5 Real-Time Clock

Timer1, when operating in Real-Time Clock (RTC) mode, provides time of day and event time-stamping capabilities. Key operational features of the RTC are:

• Operation from 32 kHz LP oscillator

• 8-bit prescaler

•Low power

• Real-Time Clock interrupts

These operating modes are determined by setting the appropriate bit(s) in the T1CON Control register.

FIGURE 9-2: RECOMMENDED

COMPONENTS FOR TIMER1 LP OSCILLATOR RTC

SOSCI

32.768 kHz XTAL

C1 = C2 = 18 pF; R = 100K

dsPIC30FXXXX

SOSCO

DS70138C-page 64 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

dsPIC30F3014/4013

9.5.1 RTC OSCILLATOR OPERATION

When the TON = 1, TCS = 1 and TGATE = 0, the timer increments on the rising edge of the 32 kHz LP oscillator output signal, up to the value specified in the Period register and is then reset to ‘0’.

The TSYNC bit must be asserted to a logic ‘0’ (Asynchronous mode) for correct operation.

Enabling LPOSCEN (OSCCON<1>) will disable the normal Timer and Counter modes and enable a timer carry-out wake-up event.

When the CPU enters Sleep mode, the RTC will continue to operate provided the 32 kHz external crystal oscillator is active and the control bits have not been changed. The TSIDL bit should be cleared to ‘0’ in order for RTC to continue operation in Idle mode.

9.5.2 RTC INTERRUPTS

When an interrupt event occurs, the respective interrupt flag, T1IF, is asserted and an interrupt will be generated if enabled. The T1IF bit must be cleared in software. The respective Timer interrupt flag, T1IF, is located in the IFS0 Status register in the interrupt controller.

Enabling an interrupt is accomplished via the respective timer interrupt enable bit, T1IE. The timer interrupt enable bit is located in the IEC0 Control register in the interrupt controller.

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS70138C-page 65

dsPIC30F3014/4013

—TSIDL — — — — — — TGATE TCKPS1 TCKPS0 — TSYNC TCS — 0000 0000 0000 0000

SFR Name Addr. Bit 15 Bit 14 Bit 13 Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 B it 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Reset State

TABLE 9-1: dsPIC30F3014/4013 TIMER1 REGISTER MAP

DS70138C-page 66 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

T1CON 0104 TON

TMR1 0100 Timer1 Register uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu

PR1 0102 Period Register 1 1111 1111 1111 1111

Legend: u = uninitialized bit

Note: Refer to dsPIC30F Family Reference Manual (DS70046) for descriptions of register bit fields.

dsPIC30F3014/4013

10.0 TIMER2/3 MODULE

This section describes the 32-bit General Purpose (GP) Timer module (Timer2/3) and associated Operational modes. Figure 10-1 depicts the simplified block diagram of the 32-bit Timer2/3 module. Figure 10-2 and Figure 10-3 show Timer2/3 configured as two independent 16-bit timers, Timer2 and Timer3, respectively.

The Timer2/3 module is a 32-bit timer (which can be configured as two 16-bit timers) with selectable Operating modes. These timers are utilized by other peripheral modules, such as:

• Input Capture

• Output Compare/Simple PWM

The following sections provide a detailed description, including setup and control registers, along with associated block diagrams for the Operational modes of the timers.

The 32-bit timer has the following modes:

• Two independent 16-bit timers (Timer2 and Timer3) with all 16-bit Operating modes (except Asynchronous Counter mode)

• Single 32-bit timer operation

• Single 32-bit synchronous counter

Further, the following operational characteristics are supported:

• ADC event trigger

• Timer gate operation

• Selectable prescaler settings

• Timer operation during Idle and Sleep modes

• Interrupt on a 32-bit period register match

These Operating modes are determined by setting the appropriate bit(s) in the 16-bit T2CON and T3CON SFRs.

For 32-bit timer/counter operation, Timer2 is the LS Word and Timer3 is the MS Word of the 32-bit timer.

16-bit Timer Mode: In the 16-bit mode, Timer2 and Timer3 can be configured as two independent 16-bit timers. Each timer can be set up in either 16-bit Timer mode or 16-bit Synchronous Counter mode. See Section 9.0, Timer1 Module for details on these two Operating modes.

The only functional difference between Timer2 and Timer3 is that Timer2 provides synchronization of the clock prescaler output. This is useful for high frequency external clock inputs.

32-bit Timer Mode: In the 32-bit Timer mode, the timer increments on every instruction cycle, up to a match value preloaded into the combined 32-bit Period register PR3/PR2, then resets to ‘0’ and continues to count.

For synchronous 32-bit reads of the Timer2/Timer3 pair, reading the LS Word (TMR2 register) will cause the MS word to be read and latched into a 16-bit holding register, termed TMR3HLD.

For synchronous 32-bit writes, the holding register (TMR3HLD) must first be written to. When followed by a write to the TMR2 register, the contents of TMR3HLD will be transferred and latched into the MSB of the 32-bit timer (TMR3).

32-bit Synchronous Counter Mode: In the 32-bit Synchronous Counter mode, the timer increments on the rising edge of the applied external clock signal which is synchronized with the internal phase clocks. The timer counts up to a match value preloaded in the combined 32-bit period register PR3/PR2, then resets to ‘0’ and continues.

When the timer is configured for the Synchronous Counter mode of operation and the CPU goes into the Idle mode, the timer will stop incrementing unless the TSIDL (T2CON<13>) bit = 0. If TSIDL = 1, the timer module logic will resume the incrementing sequence upon termination of the CPU Idle mode.

Note: For 32-bit timer operation, T3CON control

bits are ignored. Only T2CON control bits are used for setup and control. Timer2 clock and gate inputs are utilized for the 32-bit timer module but an interrupt is generated with the Timer3 interrupt flag (T3IF) and the interrupt is enabled with the Timer3 interrupt enable bit (T3IE).

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS70138C-page 67

dsPIC30F3014/4013

FIGURE 10-1: 32-BIT TIMER2/3 BLOCK DIAGRAM

Data Bus<15:0>

Write TMR2

Read TMR2

ADC Event Trigger

T3IF Event Flag

TGATE

(T2CON<6>)

T2CK

TMR3HLD

Reset

Equal

TMR3 TMR2

Comparator x 32

PR3 PR2

Sync

LSB MSB

TGATE (T2CON<6>)

TCS

1 x

TGATE

TON

TCKPS<1:0>

Gate Sync

Note: Timer configuration bit T32 (T2CON<3>) must be set to ‘

bits are respective to the T2CON register.

Prescaler

0 1

0 0

1, 8, 64, 256

1’ for a 32-bit timer/counter operation. All control

DS70138C-page 68 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

FIGURE 10-2: 16-BIT TIMER2 BLOCK DIAGRAM

dsPIC30F3014/4013

T2IF Event Flag

T2CK

TGATE

Equal

Reset

PR2

Comparator x 16

TMR2

Gate Sync

FIGURE 10-3: 16-BIT TIMER3 BLOCK DIAGRAM

TGATE

TCS

1 x

0 1

0 0

TGATE

TON

Sync

TCKPS<1:0>

Prescaler

1, 8, 64, 256

ADC Event Trigger

T3IF Event Flag

TGATE

T3CK

Equal

Reset

PR3

Comparator x 16

TMR3

Sync

TGATE

TCS

1 x

0 1

0 0

TGATE

TON

TCKPS<1:0>

Prescaler

1, 8, 64, 256

Note: T3CK pin does not exist on dsPIC30F3014/4013 devices. The block diagram shown here illustrates

the schematic of Timer3 as implemented on the 30F6014 device.

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS70138C-page 69

dsPIC30F3014/4013

10.1 Timer Gate Operation

The 32-bit timer can be placed in the Gated Time Accumulation mode. This mode allows the internal T increment the respective timer when the gate input signal (T2CK pin) is asserted high. Control bit TGATE (T2CON<6>) must be set to enable this mode. When in this mode, Timer2 is the originating clock source. The TGATE setting is ignored for Timer3. The timer must be enabled (TON = 1) and the timer clock source set to internal (TCS = 0).

The falling edge of the external signal terminates the count operation but does not reset the timer. The user must reset the timer in order to start counting from zero.

CY to

10.2 ADC Event Trigger

When a match occurs between the 32-bit timer (TMR3/ TMR2) and the 32-bit combined period register (PR3/ PR2), a special ADC trigger event signal is generated by Timer3.

10.3 Timer Prescaler

The input clock (FOSC/4 or external clock) to the timer has a prescale option of 1:1, 1:8, 1:64, and 1:256, selected by control bits TCKPS<1:0> (T2CON<5:4> and T3CON<5:4>). For the 32-bit timer operation, the originating clock source is Timer2. The prescaler operation for Timer3 is not applicable in this mode. The prescaler counter is cleared when any of the following occurs:

• a write to the TMR2/TMR3 register

• a write to the T2CON/T3CON register

• device Reset, such as POR and BOR

However, if the timer is disabled (TON = 0), then the Timer 2 prescaler cannot be reset since the prescaler clock is halted.

TMR2/TMR3 is not cleared when T2CON/T3CON is written.

10.4 Timer Operation During Sleep Mode

During CPU Sleep mode, the timer will not operate because the internal clocks are disabled.

10.5 Timer Interrupt

The 32-bit timer module can generate an interrupt on period match or on the falling edge of the external gate signal. When the 32-bit timer count matches the respective 32-bit period register, or the falling edge of the external “gate” signal is detected, the T3IF bit (IFS0<7>) is asserted and an interrupt will be generated if enabled. In this mode, the T3IF interrupt flag is used as the source of the interrupt. The T3IF bit must be cleared in software.

Enabling an interrupt is accomplished via the respective timer interrupt enable bit, T3IE (IEC0<7>).

DS70138C-page 70 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

dsPIC30F3014/4013

—TSIDL — — — — — — TGATE TCKPS1 TCKPS0 T32 —TCS — 0000 0000 0000 0000

—TSIDL — — — — — — TGATE TCKPS1 TCKPS0 — —TCS — 0000 0000 0000 0000

SFR Name Addr. Bit 15 Bit 14 Bit 13 Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Reset State

TMR2 0106 Timer2 Register uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu

TMR3HLD 0108 Timer3 Holding Register (for 32-bit timer operations only) uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu

TMR3 010A Timer3 Register uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu

PR2 010C Period Register 2 1111 1111 1111 1111

PR3 010E Period Register 3 1111 1111 1111 1111

T2CON 0110 TON

T3CON 0112 TON

Legend: u = uninitialized bit

TABLE 10-1: dsPIC30F3014/4013 TIMER2/3 REGISTER MAP

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS70138C-page 71

Note: Refer to dsPIC30F Family Reference Manual (DS70046) for descriptions of register bit fields.

dsPIC30F3014/4013

NOTES:

DS70138C-page 72 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

dsPIC30F3014/4013

11.0 TIMER4/5 MODULE

This section describes the second 32-bit General Purpose (GP) Timer module (Timer4/5) and associated Operational modes. Figure 11-1 depicts the simplified block diagram of the 32-bit Timer4/5 module. Figure 11-2 and Figure 11-3 show Timer4/5 configured as two independent 16-bit timers, Timer4 and Timer5, respectively.

The Timer4/5 module is similar in operation to the Timer2/3 module. However, there are some differences which are listed:

• The Timer4/5 module does not support the ADC event trigger feature

• Timer4/5 can not be utilized by other peripheral modules, such as input capture and output compare

FIGURE 11-1: 32-BIT TIMER4/5 BLOCK DIAGRAM

Data Bus<15:0>

The Operating modes of the Timer4/5 module are determined by setting the appropriate bit(s) in the 16-bit T4CON and T5CON SFRs.

For 32-bit timer/counter operation, Timer4 is the LS Word and Timer5 is the MS Word of the 32-bit timer.

Note: For 32-bit timer operation, T5CON control

bits are ignored. Only T4CON control bits are used for setup and control. Timer4 clock and gate inputs are utilized for the 32-bit timer module but an interrupt is generated with the Timer5 interrupt flag (T5IF) and the interrupt is enabled with the Timer5 interrupt enable bit (T5IE).

T5IF Event Flag

(T4CON<6>)

T4CK

Write TMR4

Read TMR4

TGATE

Reset

Equal

TMR5HLD

TMR5

MSB

Comparator x 32

PR5 PR4

TMR4

LSB

TGATE (T4CON<6>)

Gate Sync

TCS

1 x

0 1

Sync

TGATE

TON

TCKPS<1:0>

Prescaler

1, 8, 64, 256

Note: Timer configuration bit T32 (T4CON<3>) must be set to ‘1’ for a 32-bit timer/counter operation. All control

bits are respective to the T4CON register.

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS70138C-page 73

0 0

dsPIC30F3014/4013

FIGURE 11-2: 16-BIT TIMER4 BLOCK DIAGRAM

T4IF Event Flag

T4CK

TGATE

Equal

Reset

PR4

Comparator x 16

TMR4

Gate Sync

FIGURE 11-3: 16-BIT TIMER5 BLOCK DIAGRAM

TGATE

TCS

1 x

0 1

0 0

TGATE

TON

Sync

TCKPS<1:0>

Prescaler

1, 8, 64, 256

PR5

ADC Event Trigger

T5IF Event Flag

TGATE

T5CK

Note: In the dsPIC30F3014 device, there is no T5CK pin. Therefore, in this device the following modes should

not be used for Timer5:

1: TCS = 1 (16-bit counter) 2: TCS = 0, TGATE = 1 (gated time accumulation)

Equal

Reset

Comparator x 16

TMR5

Sync

TGATE

TCS

1 x

0 1

0 0

TGATE

TON

TCKPS<1:0>

Prescaler

1, 8, 64, 256

DS70138C-page 74 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

dsPIC30F3014/4013

—TSIDL — — — — — — TGATE TCKPS1 TCKPS0 T45 —TCS— 0000 0000 0000 0000

—TSIDL — — — — — — TGATE TCKPS1 TCKPS0 — —TCS — 0000 0000 0000 0000

SFR Name Addr. Bit 15 Bit 14 Bit 13 Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Reset State

TMR4 0114 Timer 4 Register uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu

TMR5HLD 0116 Timer 5 Holding Register (for 32-bit operations only) uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu

TMR5 0118 Timer 5 Register uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu

PR4 011A Period Register 4 1111 1111 1111 1111

PR5 011C Period Register 5 1111 1111 1111 1111

T4CON 011E TON

T5CON 0120 TON

Legend: u = uninitialized

TABLE 11-1: dsPIC30F4013 TIMER4/5 REGISTER MAP

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS70138C-page 75

Note: Refer to dsPIC30F Family Reference Manual (DS70046) for descriptions of register bit fields.

dsPIC30F3014/4013

NOTES:

DS70138C-page 76 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

dsPIC30F3014/4013

12.0 INPUT CAPTURE MODULE

This section describes the input capture module and associated Operational modes. The features provided by this module are useful in applications requiring frequency (period) and pulse measurement. Figure 12-1 depicts a block diagram of the input capture module. Input capture is useful for such modes as:

• Frequency/Period/Pulse Measurements

• Additional Sources of External Interrupts

The key operational features of the input capture module are:

• Simple Capture Event mode

• Timer2 and Timer3 mode selection

• Interrupt on input capture event

These Operating modes are determined by setting the appropriate bits in the ICxCON register (where x = 1,2,...,N). The dsPIC devices contain up to 8 capture channels (i.e., the maximum value of N is 8). The dsPIC30F3014 device contains 2 capture channels while the dsPIC30F4013 device contains 4 capture channels.

12.1 Simple Capture Event Mode

The simple capture events in the dsPIC30F product family are:

• Capture every falling edge

• Capture every rising edge

• Capture every 4th rising edge

• Capture every 16th rising edge

• Capture every rising and falling edge

These simple Input Capture modes are configured by setting the appropriate bits ICM<2:0> (ICxCON<2:0>).

12.1.1 CAPTURE PRESCALER

There are four input capture prescaler settings specified by bits ICM<2:0> (ICxCON<2:0>). Whenever the capture channel is turned off, the prescaler counter will be cleared. In addition, any Reset will clear the prescaler counter.

FIGURE 12-1: INPUT CAPTURE MODE BLOCK DIAGRAM

From GP Timer Module

ICx pin

Prescaler

1, 4, 16

Mode Select

ICxCON

Data Bus

Note: Where ‘x’ is shown, reference is made to the registers or bits associated to the respective input capture

channels 1 through N.

Clock

Synchronizer

ICM<2:0>

ICBNE, ICOV

ICI<1:0>

Edge

Detection

Logic

Interrupt

Logic

Set Flag

Set Flag ICxIF

ICxIF

FIFO

R/W

Logic

T2_CNT

16 16

ICxBUF

T3_CNT

ICTMR

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS70138C-page 77

dsPIC30F3014/4013

12.1.2 CAPTURE BUFFER OPERATION

Each capture channel has an associated FIFO buffer which is four 16-bit words deep. There are two status flags which provide status on the FIFO buffer:

• ICBFNE - Input Capture Buffer Not Empty

• ICOV - Input Capture Overflow

The ICBFNE will be set on the first input capture event and remain set until all capture events have been read from the FIFO. As each word is read from the FIFO, the remaining words are advanced by one position within the buffer.

In the event that the FIFO is full with four capture events and a fifth capture event occurs prior to a read of the FIFO, an overflow condition will occur and the ICOV bit will be set to a logic ‘1’. The fifth capture event is lost and is not stored in the FIFO. No additional events will be captured until all four events have been read from the buffer.

If a FIFO read is performed after the last read and no new capture event has been received, the read will yield indeterminate results.

12.1.3 TIMER2 AND TIMER3 SELECTION MODE

The input capture module consists of up to 8 input capture channels. Each channel can select between one of two timers for the time base, Timer2 or Timer3.

Selection of the timer resource is accomplished through SFR bit, ICTMR (ICxCON<7>). Timer3 is the default timer resource available for the input capture module.

12.1.4 HALL SENSOR MODE

When the input capture module is set for capture on every edge, rising and falling, ICM<2:0> = 001, the following operations are performed by the input capture logic:

• The input capture interrupt flag is set on every

edge, rising and falling.

• The interrupt on Capture mode setting bits,

ICI<1:0>, is ignored since every capture generates an interrupt.

• A capture overflow condition is not generated in

this mode.

12.2 Input Capture Operation During Sleep and Idle Modes

An input capture event will generate a device wake-up or interrupt, if enabled, if the device is in CPU Idle or Sleep mode.

Independent of the timer being enabled, the input capture module will wake-up from the CPU Sleep or Idle mode when a capture event occurs if ICM<2:0> = 111 and the interrupt enable bit is asserted. The same wakeup can generate an interrupt if the conditions for processing the interrupt have been satisfied. The wake-up feature is useful as a method of adding extra external pin interrupts.

12.2.1 INPUT CAPTURE IN CPU SLEEP

MODE

CPU Sleep mode allows input capture module operation with reduced functionality. In the CPU Sleep mode, the ICI<1:0> bits are not applicable and the input capture module can only function as an external interrupt source.

The capture module must be configured for interrupt only on rising edge (ICM<2:0> = 111) in order for the input capture module to be used while the device is in Sleep mode. The prescale settings of 4:1 or 16:1 are not applicable in this mode.

12.2.2 INPUT CAPTURE IN CPU IDLE

MODE

CPU Idle mode allows input capture module operation with full functionality. In the CPU Idle mode, the Interrupt mode selected by the ICI<1:0> bits is applicable, as well as the 4:1 and 16:1 capture prescale settings which are defined by control bits ICM<2:0>. This mode requires the selected timer to be enabled. Moreover, the ICSIDL bit must be asserted to a logic ‘0’.

If the input capture module is defined as ICM<2:0> = 111 in CPU Idle mode, the input capture pin will serve only as an external interrupt pin.

12.3 Input Capture Interrupts

The input capture channels have the ability to generate an interrupt based upon the selected number of capture events. The selection number is set by control bits ICI<1:0> (ICxCON<6:5>).

Each channel provides an interrupt flag (ICxIF) bit. The respective capture channel interrupt flag is located in the corresponding IFSx Status register.

Enabling an interrupt is accomplished via the respective capture channel interrupt enable (ICxIE) bit. The capture interrupt enable bit is located in the corresponding IEC Control register.

DS70138C-page 78 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

dsPIC30F3014/4013

— —ICSIDL— — — — — ICTMR ICI<1:0> ICOV ICBNE ICM<2:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000

dsPIC30F4013 INPUT CAPTURE REGISTER MAP

SFR Name Addr. Bit 15 Bit 14 Bit 13 Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Reset State

IC1BUF 0140 Input 1 Capture Register uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu

IC1CON 0142

IC2BUF 0144 Input 2 Capture Register uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu

IC2CON 0146

TABLE 12-1: dsPIC30F3014 INPUT CAPTURE REGISTER MAP

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS70138C-page 79

Legend: u = uninitialized bit

SFR Name Addr. Bit 15 Bit 14 Bit 13 Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Reset State

IC1BUF 0140 Input 1 Capture Register uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu

TABLE 12-2:

IC1CON 0142

IC2BUF 0144 Input 2 Capture Register uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu

IC2CON 0146

IC7BUF 0158 Input 7 Capture Register uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu

IC7CON 015A

IC8BUF 015C Input 8 Capture Register uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu

IC8CON 015E

Legend: u = uninitialized bit

Note: Refer to dsPIC30F Family Reference Manual (DS70046) for descriptions of register bit fields.

dsPIC30F3014/4013

NOTES:

DS70138C-page 80 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

dsPIC30F3014/4013

13.0 OUTPUT COMPARE MODULE

• Simple PWM mode

• Output Compare During Sleep and Idle modes

This section describes the output compare module and associated Operational modes. The features provided by this module are useful in applications requiring Operational modes, such as:

• Generation of Variable Width Output Pulses

• Power Factor Correction

Figure 13-1 depicts a block diagram of the output

• Interrupt on Output Compare/PWM Event

These Operating modes are determined by setting the appropriate bits in the 16-bit OCxCON SFR (where x = 1,2,3,...,N). The dsPIC devices contain up to 8 compare channels (i.e., the maximum value of N is 8). The dsPIC30F3014 device contains 2 compare channels while the dsPIC30F4013 device contains 4 compare channels.

OCxRS and OCxR in Figure 13-1 represent the Dual Compare registers. In the Dual Compare mode, the OCxR register is used for the first compare and OCxRS is used for the second compare.

compare module.

The key operational features of the output compare module include:

• Timer2 and Timer3 Selection mode

• Simple Output Compare Match mode

• Dual Output Compare Match mode

13.1 Timer2 and Timer3 Selection Mode

Each output compare channel can select between one of two 16-bit timers, Timer2 or Timer3.

The selection of the timers is controlled by the OCTSEL bit (OCxCON<3>). Timer2 is the default timer resource for the output compare module.

FIGURE 13-1: OUTPUT COMPARE MODE BLOCK DIAGRAM

Set Flag bit

OCxIF

OCxRS

OCxR

Comparator

From GP Timer Module

Note: Where ‘x’ is shown, reference is made to the registers associated with the respective output compare

channels 1 through N.

OCTSEL

T2P2_MATCHTMR2<15:0 TMR3<15:0> T3P3_MATCH

Output

Logic

OCM<2:0>

Mode Select

Output Enable

OCx

OCFA

(for x = 1, 2, 3 or 4)

or OCFB

(for x = 5, 6, 7 or 8)

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13.2 Simple Output Compare Match Mode

When control bits OCM<2:0> (OCxCON<2:0>) = 001, 010 or 011, the selected output compare channel is

configured for one of three simple Output Compare Match modes:

• Compare forces I/O pin low

• Compare forces I/O pin high

• Compare toggles I/O pin

The OCxR register is used in these modes. The OCxR register is loaded with a value and is compared to the selected incrementing timer count. When a compare occurs, one of these Compare Match modes occurs. If the counter resets to zero before reaching the value in OCxR, the state of the OCx pin remains unchanged.

13.3 Dual Output Compare Match Mode

When control bits OCM<2:0> (OCxCON<2:0>) = 100 or 101, the selected output compare channel is configured for one of two Dual Output Compare modes, which are:

• Single Output Pulse mode

• Continuous Output Pulse mode

13.3.1 SINGLE PULSE MODE

For the user to configure the module for the generation of a single output pulse, the following steps are required (assuming timer is off):

• Determine instruction cycle time T

• Calculate desired pulse width value based on T

• Calculate time to start pulse from timer start value

of 0x0000.

• Write pulse width start and stop times into OCxR

and OCxRS Compare registers (x denotes channel 1, 2, ...,N).

• Set Timer Period register to value equal to, or

greater than value in OCxRS Compare register.

• Set OCM<2:0> = 100.

• Enable timer, TON (TxCON<15>) = 1.

To initiate another single pulse, issue another write to set OCM<2:0> = 100.

CY.

13.3.2 CONTINUOUS PULSE MODE

For the user to configure the module for the generation of a continuous stream of output pulses, the following steps are required:

• Determine instruction cycle time T

• Calculate desired pulse value based on T

• Calculate timer to start pulse width from timer start value of 0x0000.

• Write pulse width start and stop times into OCxR and OCxRS (x denotes channel 1, 2, ...,N) Compare registers, respectively.

• Set Timer Period register to value equal to, or greater than value in OCxRS Compare register.

• Set OCM<2:0> = 101.

• Enable timer, TON (TxCON<15>) = 1.

CY.

13.4 Simple PWM Mode

When control bits OCM<2:0> (OCxCON<2:0>) = 110 or 111, the selected output compare channel is configured for the PWM mode of operation. When configured for the PWM mode of operation, OCxR is the main latch (read only) and OCxRS is the secondary latch. This enables glitchless PWM transitions.

The user must perform the following steps in order to configure the output compare module for PWM operation:

1. Set the PWM period by writing to the appropriate

period register.

2. Set the PWM duty cycle by writing to the OCxRS

3. Configure the output compare module for PWM

operation.

4. Set the TMRx prescale value and enable the

Timer, TON (TxCON<15>) = 1.

13.4.1 INPUT PIN FAULT PROTECTION

FOR PWM

When control bits OCM<2:0> (OCxCON<2:0>) = 111, the selected output compare channel is again configured for the PWM mode of operation with the additional feature of input FAULT protection. While in this mode, if a logic ‘0’ is detected on the OCFA/B pin, the respective PWM output pin is placed in the high impedance input state. The OCFLT bit (OCxCON<4>) indicates whether a FAULT condition has occurred. This state will be maintained until both of the following events have occurred:

• The external FAULT condition has been removed.

• The PWM mode has been re-enabled by writing to the appropriate control bits.

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13.4.2 PWM PERIOD

The PWM period is specified by writing to the PRx register. The PWM period can be calculated using Equation 13-1.

EQUATION 13-1:

PWM period = [(PRx) + 1] • 4 • T

(TMRx prescale value)

PWM frequency is defined as 1 / [PWM period].

OSC •

FIGURE 13-2: PWM OUTPUT TIMING

Period

Duty Cycle

TMR3 = PR3

T3IF = 1

(Interrupt Flag)

OCxR = OCxRS

TMR3 = Duty Cycle

(OCxR)

When the selected TMRx is equal to its respective period register, PRx, the following four events occur on the next increment cycle:

• TMRx is cleared.

• The OCx pin is set.

- Exception 1: If PWM duty cycle is 0x0000, the OCx pin will remain low.

- Exception 2: If duty cycle is greater than PRx, the pin will remain high.

• The PWM duty cycle is latched from OCxRS into OCxR.

• The corresponding timer interrupt flag is set.

See Figure 13-2 for key PWM period comparisons. Timer3 is referred to in Figure 13-2 for clarity.

TMR3 = PR3

T3IF = 1

(Interrupt Flag)

OCxR = OCxRS

TMR3 = Duty Cycle

(OCxR)

13.5 Output Compare Operation During CPU Sleep Mode

When the CPU enters Sleep mode, all internal clocks are stopped. Therefore, when the CPU enters the Sleep state, the output compare channel will drive the pin to the active state that was observed prior to entering the CPU Sleep state.

For example, if the pin was high when the CPU entered the Sleep state, the pin will remain high. Likewise, if the pin was low when the CPU entered the Sleep state, the pin will remain low. In either case, the output compare module will resume operation when the device wakes up.

13.6 Output Compare Operation During CPU Idle Mode

When the CPU enters the Idle mode, the output compare module can operate with full functionality.

The output compare channel will operate during the CPU Idle mode if the OCSIDL bit (OCxCON<13>) is at logic ‘0’ and the selected time base (Timer2 or Timer3) is enabled and the TSIDL bit of the selected timer is set to logic ‘0’.

13.7 Output Compare Interrupts

The output compare channels have the ability to generate an interrupt on a compare match, for whichever Match mode has been selected.

For all modes except the PWM mode, when a compare event occurs, the respective interrupt flag (OCxIF) is asserted and an interrupt will be generated if enabled. The OCxIF bit is located in the corresponding IFS Status register and must be cleared in software. The interrupt is enabled via the respective compare interrupt enable (OCxIE) bit located in the corresponding IEC Control register.

For the PWM mode, when an event occurs, the respective timer interrupt flag (T2IF or T3IF) is asserted and an interrupt will be generated if enabled. The IF bit is located in the IFS0 Status register and must be cleared in software. The interrupt is enabled via the respective timer interrupt enable bit (T2IE or T3IE) located in the IEC0 Control register. The output compare interrupt flag is never set during the PWM mode of operation.

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— —OCSIDL— — — — — — — — OCFLT OCTSEL OCM<2:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000

SFR Name Addr. Bit 15 Bit 14 Bit 13 Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Reset State

OC1RS 0180 Output Compare 1 Secondary Register 0000 0000 0000 0000

OC1R 0182 Output Compare 1 Main Register 0000 0000 0000 0000

TABLE 13-1: dsPIC30F3014 OUTPUT COMPARE REGISTER MAP

OC1CON 0184

— —OCSIDL— — — — — — — — OCFLT OCTSE OCM<2:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000

OC2RS 0186 Output Compare 2 Secondary Register 0000 0000 0000 0000

OC2R 0188 Output Compare 2 Main Register 0000 0000 0000 0000

OC2CON 018A

Legend: u = uninitialized bit

TABLE 13-2: dsPIC30F4013 OUTPUT COMPARE REGISTER MAP

— —OCSIDL— — — — — — — — OCFLT OCTSEL OCM<2:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000

SFR Name Addr. Bit 15 Bit 14 Bit 13 Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Reset State

OC1RS 0180 Output Compare 1 Secondary Register 0000 0000 0000 0000

OC1R 0182 Output Compare 1 Main Register 0000 0000 0000 0000

OC1CON 0184

OC2RS 0186 Output Compare 2 Secondary Register 0000 0000 0000 0000

— —OCSIDL— — — — — — — — OCFLT OCTSE OCM<2:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000

OC2R 0188 Output Compare 2 Main Register 0000 0000 0000 0000

OC2CON 018A

— —OCSIDL— — — — — — — — OCFLT OCTSEL OCM<2:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000

OC3RS 018C Output Compare 3 Secondary Register 0000 0000 0000 0000

OC3R 018E Output Compare 3 Main Register 0000 0000 0000 0000

OC3CON 0190

OC4RS 0192 Output Compare 4 Secondary Register 0000 0000 0000 0000

OC4R 0194 Output Compare 4 Main Register 0000 0000 0000 0000

— —OCSIDL— — — — — — — — OCFLT OCTSEL OCM<2:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000

OC4CON 0196

Legend: u = uninitialized bit

Note: Refer to dsPIC30F Family Reference Manual (DS70046) for descriptions of register bit fields.

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14.0 SPI MODULE

The Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) module is a synchronous serial interface. It is useful for communicating with other peripheral devices, such as EEPROMs, shift registers, display drivers and A/D converters, or other microcontrollers. It is compatible with Motorola's SPI and SIOP interfaces. The dsPIC30F3014 and dsPIC30F4013 devices feature one SPI module, SPI1.

14.1 Operating Function Description

Each SPI module consists of a 16-bit shift register, SPIxSR (where x = 1 or 2) , used for shifting data in and out, and a buffer register, SPIxBUF. A control register, SPIxCON, configures the module. Additionally, a status register, SPIxSTAT, indicates various status conditions.

The serial interface consists of 4 pins: SDIx (serial data input), SDOx (serial data output), SCKx (shift clock input or output), and SSx

In Master mode operation, SCK is a clock output but in Slave mode, it is a clock input.

A series of eight (8) or sixteen (16) clock pulses shift out bits from the SPIxSR to SDOx pin and simultaneously shift in data from SDIx pin. An interrupt is generated when the transfer is complete and the corresponding interrupt flag bit (SPI1IF or SPI2IF) is set. This interrupt can be disabled through an interrupt enable bit (SPI1IE or SPI2IE).

The receive operation is double-buffered. When a complete byte is received, it is transferred from SPIxSR to SPIxBUF.

If the receive buffer is full when new data is being transferred from SPIxSR to SPIxBUF, the module will set the SPIROV bit indicating an overflow condition. The transfer of the data from SPIxSR to SPIxBUF will not be completed and the new data will be lost. The module will not respond to SCL transitions while SPIROV is ‘1’, effectively disabling the module until SPIxBUF is read by user software.

Transmit writes are also double-buffered. The user writes to SPIxBUF. When the master or slave transfer is completed, the contents of the shift register (SPIxSR) are moved to the receive buffer. If any transmit data has been written to the buffer register, the contents of the transmit buffer are moved to SPIxSR. The received data is thus placed in SPIxBUF and the transmit data in SPIxSR is ready for the next transfer.

(active low slave select).

In Master mode, the clock is generated by prescaling the system clock. Data is transmitted as soon as a value is written to SPIxBUF. The interrupt is generated at the middle of the transfer of the last bit.

In Slave mode, data is transmitted and received as external clock pulses appear on SCK. Again, the interrupt is generated when the last bit is latched. If SSx control is enabled, then transmission and reception are enabled only when SSx disabled in SSx

The clock provided to the module is (F clock is then prescaled by the primary (PPRE<1:0>) and the secondary (SPRE<2:0>) prescale factors. The CKE bit determines whether transmit occurs on transition from active clock state to Idle clock state, or vice versa. The CKP bit selects the Idle state (high or low) for the clock.

mode with SSx high.

= low. The SDOx output will be

OSC/4). This

14.1.1 WORD AND BYTE COMMUNICATION

A control bit, MODE16 (SPIxCON<10>), allows the module to communicate in either 16-bit or 8-bit mode. 16-bit operation is identical to 8-bit operation except that the number of bits transmitted is 16 instead of 8.

The user software must disable the module prior to changing the MODE16 bit. The SPI module is reset when the MODE16 bit is changed by the user.

A basic difference between 8-bit and 16-bit operation is that the data is transmitted out of bit 7 of the SPIxSR for 8-bit operation, and data is transmitted out of bit15 of the SPIxSR for 16-bit operation. In both modes, data is shifted into bit 0 of the SPIxSR.

14.1.2 SDOx DISABLE

A control bit, DISSDO, is provided to the SPIxCON register to allow the SDOx output to be disabled. This will allow the SPI module to be connected in an input only configuration. SDO can also be used for general purpose I/O.

14.2 Framed SPI Support

The module supports a basic framed SPI protocol in Master or Slave mode. The control bit FRMEN enables framed SPI support and causes the SSx the frame synchronization pulse (FSYNC) function. The control bit SPIFSD determines whether the SSx pin is an input or an output (i.e., whether the module receives or generates the frame synchronization pulse). The frame pulse is an active high pulse for a single SPI clock cycle. When frame synchronization is enabled, the data transmission starts only on the subsequent transmit edge of the SPI clock.

pin to perform

Note: Both the transmit buffer (SPIxTXB) and

the receive buffer (SPIxRXB) are mapped to the same register address, SPIxBUF.

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FIGURE 14-1: SPI BLOCK DIAGRAM

Read Write

Internal

Data Bus

Shift

Clock

Control

SPIxBUF

Transmit

Edge

Select

SDIx

SDOx

SSx

SCKx

Note: x = 1 or 2.

SPIxBUF

Receive

SS and

FSYNC

Control

SPIxSR

bit 0

FIGURE 14-2: SPI MASTER/SLAVE CONNECTION

SPI™ Master

SDOx

Secondary

Prescaler

1:1-1:8

Enable Master Clock

SDIy

Primary

Prescaler

1:1, 1:4,

1:16, 1:64

SPI™ Slave

FCY

Serial Input Buffer

(SPIxBUF)

Shift Register

(SPIxSR)

MSb

PROCESSOR 1

Note: x = 1 or 2, y = 1 or 2.

LSb

SDIx

SCKx

Serial Clock

SDOy

SCKy

Serial Input Buffer

(SPIyBUF)

Shift Register

(SPIySR)

MSb

PROCESSOR 2

LSb

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14.3 Slave Select Synchronization

The SSx pin allows a Synchronous Slave mode. The SPI must be configured in SPI Slave mode with SSx control enabled (SSEN = 1). When the SSx transmission and reception are enabled and the SDOx pin is driven. When SSx no longer driven. Also, the SPI module is resynchronized, and all counters/control circuitry are reset. Therefore, when the SSx again, transmission/reception will begin at the MS bit even if SSx transmit/receive.

had been de-asserted in the middle of a

pin goes high, the SDOx pin is

pin is asserted low

pin is low,

14.4 SPI Operation During CPU Sleep Mode

During Sleep mode, the SPI module is shutdown. If the CPU enters Sleep mode while an SPI transaction is in progress, then the transmission and reception is aborted.

The transmitter and receiver will stop in Sleep mode. However, register contents are not affected by entering or exiting Sleep mode.

14.5 SPI Operation During CPU Idle Mode

When the device enters Idle mode, all clock sources remain functional. The SPISIDL bit (SPIxSTAT<13>) selects if the SPI module will stop or continue on Idle. If SPISIDL = 0, the module will continue to operate when the CPU enters Idle mode. If SPISIDL = 1, the module will stop when the CPU enters Idle mode.

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— SPISIDL — — — — — —SPIROV — — — — SPITBF SPIRBF 0000 0000 0000 0000

— FRMEN SPIFSD — DISSDO MODE16 SMP CKE SSEN CKP MSTEN SPRE2 SPRE1 SPRE0 PPRE1 PPRE0 0000 0000 0000 0000

Addr. Bit 15 Bit 14 Bit 13 Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Reset State

SFR

Name

SPI1STAT 0220 SPIEN

SPI1BUF 0224 Transmit and Receive Buffer 0000 0000 0000 0000

Legend: u = uninitialized bit

TABLE 14-1: dsPIC30F3014/4013 SPI1 REGISTER MAP

DS70138C-page 88 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

SPI1CON 0222

Note: Refer to dsPIC30F Family Reference Manual (DS70046) for descriptions of register bit fields.

dsPIC30F3014/4013

15.0 I2C MODULE

The Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2CTM) module provides complete hardware support for both Slave and MultiMaster modes of the I standard, with a 16-bit interface.

This module offers the following key features:

C interface supporting both master and slave

•I operation.

•I

C Slave mode supports 7 and 10-bit address.

C Master mode supports 7 and 10-bit address.

•I

C port allows bidirectional transfers between

•I master and slaves.

• Serial clock synchronization for I used as a handshake mechanism to suspend and resume serial transfer (SCLREL control).

•I

C supports multi-master operation; detects bus

collision and will arbitrate accordingly.

15.1 Operating Function Description

The hardware fully implements all the master and slave functions of the I specifications, as well as 7 and 10-bit addressing.

Thus, the I a master on an I

C module can operate either as a slave or

C bus.

C serial communication

C port can be

C Standard and Fast mode

15.1.1 VARIOUS I2C MODES

The following types of I2C operation are supported:

C slave operation with 7-bit address

•I

C slave operation with 10-bit address

•I

C master operation with 7 or 10-bit address

See the I

C programmer’s model in Figure 15-1.

15.1.2 PIN CONFIGURATION IN I2C MODE

I2C has a 2-pin interface: the SCL pin is clock and the SDA pin is data.

15.1.3 I2C REGISTERS

I2CCON and I2CSTAT are control and status registers, respectively. The I2CCON register is readable and writable. The lower 6 bits of I2CSTAT are read only. The remaining bits of the I2CSTAT are read/write.

I2CRSR is the shift register used for shifting data, whereas I2CRCV is the buffer register to which data bytes are written, or from which data bytes are read. I2CRCV is the receive buffer as shown in Figure 15-1. I2CTRN is the transmit register to which bytes are written during a transmit operation, as shown in Figure 15-2.

The I2CADD register holds the slave address. A status bit, ADD10, indicates 10-bit Address mode. The I2CBRG acts as the baud rate generator reload value.

In receive operations, I2CRSR and I2CRCV together form a double-buffered receiver. When I2CRSR receives a complete byte, it is transferred to I2CRCV and an interrupt pulse is generated. During transmission, the I2CTRN is not double-buffered.

FIGURE 15-1: PROGRAMMER ’S MODEL

Bit 7

Bit 8

Bit 15

Bit 9

Note: Following a RESTART condition in 10-bit

mode, the user only needs to match the first 7-bit address.

I2CRCV (8 bits)

Bit 0

I2CTRN (8 bits)

Bit 0

I2CBRG (9 bits)

Bit 0

I2CCON (16 bits)

Bit 0

I2CSTAT (16 bits)

Bit 0

I2CADD (10 bits)

Bit 0

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FIGURE 15-2: I2C BLOCK DIAGRAM

Internal

Data Bus

SCL

SDA

Shift Clock

Stop bit Generate

I2CRCV

I2CRSR

Match Detect

I2CADD

Start and

Stop bit Detect

Start, RESTART,

Collision

Detect

LSB

Addr_Match

Control Logic

Read

Write

Read

Write

I2CSTAT

Read

Write

Shift Clock

Acknowledge

Generation

Clock

Stretching

I2CTRN

Reload Control

BRG Down

Counter

LSB

FCY

I2CBRG

I2CCON

Read

Write

Read

Write

Read

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15.2 I2C Module Addresses

The I2CADD register contains the Slave mode addresses. The register is a 10-bit register.

If the A10M bit (I2CCON<10>) is ‘0’, the address is interpreted by the module as a 7-bit address. When an address is received, it is compared to the 7 LS bits of the I2CADD register.

If the A10M bit is ‘1’, the address is assumed to be a 10-bit address. When an address is received, it will be compared with the binary value ‘11110 A9 A8’ (where A9 and A8 are two Most Significant bits of I2CADD). If that value matches, the next address will be compared with the Least Significant 8 bits of I2CADD, as specified in the 10-bit addressing protocol.

TABLE 15-1: 7-BIT I2C SLAVE ADDRESSES

SUPPORTED BY dsPIC30F

0x00 General call address or start byte

0x01-0x03 Reserved

0x04-0x77 Valid 7-bit addresses

0x78-0x7b Valid 10-bit addresses (lower 7 bits)

0x7c-0x7f Reserved

15.3 I2C 7-bit Slave Mode Operation

Once enabled (I2CEN = 1), the slave module will wait for a Start bit to occur (i.e., the I lowing the detection of a Start bit, 8 bits are shifted into I2CRSR and the address is compared against I2CADD. In 7-bit mode (A10M = 0), bits I2CADD<6:0> are compared against I2CRSR<7:1> and I2CRSR<0> is the R_W bit. All incoming bits are sampled on the rising edge of SCL.

If an address match occurs, an Acknowledgement will be sent, and the slave event interrupt flag (SI2CIF) is set on the falling edge of the ninth (ACK address match does not affect the contents of the I2CRCV buffer or the RBF bit.

15.3.1 SLAVE TRANSMISSION

If the R_W bit received is a ‘1’, then the serial port will go into Transmit mode. It will send ACK and then hold SCL to ‘0’ until the CPU responds by writing to I2CTRN. SCL is released by setting the SCLREL bit, and 8 bits of data are shifted out. Data bits are shifted out on the falling edge of SCL, such that SDA is valid during SCL high. The interrupt pulse is sent on the falling edge of the ninth clock pulse, regardless of the status of the ACK

received from the master.

C module is ‘Idle’). Fol-

) bit. The

on the ninth bit

15.3.2 SLAVE RECEPTION

If the R_W bit received is a ‘0’ during an address match, then Receive mode is initiated. Incoming bits are sampled on the rising edge of SCL. After 8 bits are received, if I2CRCV is not full or I2COV is not set, I2CRSR is transferred to I2CRCV. ACK ninth clock.

If the RBF flag is set, indicating that I2CRCV is still holding data from a previous operation (RBF = 1), then

is not sent; however, the interrupt pulse is gener-

ACK ated. In the case of an overflow, the contents of the I2CRSR are not loaded into the I2CRCV.

Note: The I2CRCV will be loaded if the I2COV

bit = 1 and the RBF flag = 0. In this case, a read of the I2CRCV was performed but the user did not clear the state of the I2COV bit before the next receive occurred. The Acknowledgement is not sent (ACK updated.

= 1) and the I2CRCV is

is sent on the

15.4 I2C 10-bit Slave Mode Operation

In 10-bit mode, the basic receive and transmit operations are the same as in the 7-bit mode. However, the criteria for address match is more complex.

C specification dictates that a slave must be

The I addressed for a write operation with two address bytes following a Start bit.

The A10M bit is a control bit that signifies that the address in I2CADD is a 10-bit address rather than a 7-bit address. The address detection protocol for the first byte of a message address is identical for 7-bit and 10-bit messages, but the bits being compared are different.

I2CADD holds the entire 10-bit address. Upon receiving an address following a Start bit, I2CRSR <7:3> is compared against a literal ‘11110’ (the default 10-bit address) and I2CRSR<2:1> are compared against I2CADD<9:8>. If a match occurs and if R_W = 0, the interrupt pulse is sent. The ADD10 bit will be cleared to indicate a partial address match. If a match fails or R_W = 1, the ADD10 bit is cleared and the module returns to the Idle state.

The low byte of the address is then received and compared with I2CADD<7:0>. If an address match occurs, the interrupt pulse is generated and the ADD10 bit is set, indicating a complete 10-bit address match. If an address match did not occur, the ADD10 bit is cleared and the module returns to the Idle state.

15.4.1 10-BIT MODE SLAVE TRANSMISSION

Once a slave is addressed in this fashion with the full 10-bit address (we will refer to this state as “PRIOR_ADDR_MATCH”), the master can begin sending data bytes for a slave reception operation.

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15.4.2 10-BIT MODE SLAVE RECEPTION

Once addressed, the master can generate a Repeated Start, reset the high byte of the address and set the R_W bit without generating a Stop bit, thus initiating a slave transmit operation.

15.5 Automatic Clock Stretch

In the Slave modes, the module can synchronize buffer reads and write to the master device by clock stretching.

15.5.1 TRANSMIT CLOCK STRETCHING

Both 10-bit and 7-bit Transmit modes implement clock stretching by asserting the SCLREL bit after the falling edge of the ninth clock, if the TBF bit is cleared, indicating the buffer is empty.

In Slave Transmit modes, clock stretching is always performed irrespective of the STREN bit.

Clock synchronization takes place following the ninth clock of the transmit sequence. If the device samples an ACK TBF bit is still clear, then the SCLREL bit is automatically cleared. The SCLREL being cleared to ‘0’ will assert the SCL line low. The user’s ISR must set the SCLREL bit before transmission is allowed to continue. By holding the SCL line low, the user has time to service the ISR and load the contents of the I2CTRN before the master device can initiate another transmit sequence.

15.5.2 RECEIVE CLOCK STRETCHING

The STREN bit in the I2CCON register can be used to enable clock stretching in Slave Receive mode. When the STREN bit is set, the SCL pin will be held low at the end of each data receive sequence.

15.5.3 CLOCK STRETCHING DURING

When the STREN bit is set in Slave Receive mode, the SCL line is held low when the buffer register is full. The method for stretching the SCL output is the same for both 7 and 10-bit Addressing modes.

on the falling edge of the ninth clock and if the

Note 1: If the user loads the contents of I2CTRN,

setting the TBF bit before the falling edge of the ninth clock, the SCLREL bit will not be cleared and clock stretching will not occur.

2: The SCLREL bit can be set in software,

regardless of the state of the TBF bit.

7-BIT ADDRESSING (STREN = 1)

Clock stretching takes place following the ninth clock of the receive sequence. On the falling edge of the ninth clock at the end of the ACK sequence, if the RBF bit is set, the SCLREL bit is automatically cleared, forcing the SCL output to be held low. The user’s ISR must set the SCLREL bit before reception is allowed to continue. By holding the SCL line low, the user has time to service the ISR and read the contents of the I before the master device can initiate another receive sequence. This will prevent buffer overruns from occurring.

Note 1: If the user reads the contents of the

I2CRCV, clearing the RBF bit before the falling edge of the ninth clock, the SCLREL bit will not be cleared and clock stretching will not occur.

2: The SCLREL bit can be set in software

regardless of the state of the RBF bit. The user should be careful to clear the RBF bit in the ISR before the next receive sequence in order to prevent an overflow condition.

CRCV

15.5.4 CLOCK STRETCHING DURING 10-BIT ADDRESSING (STREN = 1)

Clock stretching takes place automatically during the addressing sequence. Because this module has a register for the entire address, it is not necessary for the protocol to wait for the address to be updated.

After the address phase is complete, clock stretching will occur on each data receive or transmit sequence as was described earlier.

15.6 Software Controlled Clock

Stretching (STREN = 1)

When the STREN bit is ‘1’, the SCLREL bit may be cleared by software to allow software to control the clock stretching. The logic will synchronize writes to the SCLREL bit with the SCL clock. Clearing the SCLREL bit will not assert the SCL output until the module detects a falling edge on the SCL output and SCL is sampled low. If the SCLREL bit is cleared by the user while the SCL line has been sampled low, the SCL output will be asserted (held low). The SCL output will remain low until the SCLREL bit is set, and all other devices on the I ensures that a write to the SCLREL bit will not violate the minimum high time requirement for SCL.

If the STREN bit is ‘0’, a software write to the SCLREL bit will be disregarded and have no effect on the SCLREL bit.

C bus have de-asserted SCL. This

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dsPIC30F3014/4013

15.7 Interrupts

The I2C module generates two interrupt flags, MI2CIF

C Master Interrupt Flag) and SI2CIF (I2C Slave Inter-

(I rupt Flag). The MI2CIF interrupt flag is activated on completion of a master message event. The SI2CIF interrupt flag is activated on detection of a message directed to the slave.

15.8 Slope Control

The I2C standard requires slope control on the SDA and SCL signals for Fast mode (400 kHz). The control bit, DISSLW, enables the user to disable slew rate control if desired. It is necessary to disable the slew rate control for 1 MHz mode.

15.9 IPMI Support

The control bit, IPMIEN, enables the module to support Intelligent Peripheral Management Interface (IPMI). When this bit is set, the module accepts and acts upon all addresses.

15.10 General Call Address Support

The general call address can address all devices. When this address is used, all devices should, in theory, respond with an Acknowledgement.

The general call address is one of eight addresses reserved for specific purposes by the I consists of all ‘0’s with R_W = 0.

The general call address is recognized when the General Call Enable (GCEN) bit is set (I2CCON<15> = 1). Following a Start bit detection, 8 bits are shifted into I2CRSR and the address is compared with I2CADD, and is also compared with the general call address which is fixed in hardware.

If a general call address match occurs, the I2CRSR is transferred to the I2CRCV after the eighth clock, the RBF flag is set and on the falling edge of the ninth bit

bit), the master event interrupt flag (MI2CIF) is

(ACK set.

When the interrupt is serviced, the source for the interrupt can be checked by reading the contents of the I2CRCV to determine if the address was device specific or a general call address.

C protocol. It

15.11 I2C Master Support

As a master device, six operations are supported:

• Assert a Start condition on SDA and SCL.

• Assert a RESTART condition on SDA and SCL.

• Write to the I2CTRN register initiating transmission of data/address.

• Generate a Stop condition on SDA and SCL.

• Configure the I

• Generate an ACK received byte of data.

C port to receive data.

condition at the end of a

15.12 I2C Master Operation

The master device generates all of the serial clock pulses and the Start and Stop conditions. A transfer is ended with a Stop condition or with a Repeated Start condition. Since the Repeated Start condition is also the beginning of the next serial transfer, the I not be released.

In Master Transmitter mode, serial data is output through SDA, while SCL outputs the serial clock. The first byte transmitted contains the slave address of the receiving device (7 bits) and the data direction bit. In this case, the data direction bit (R_W) is logic ‘0’. Serial data is transmitted 8 bits at a time. After each byte is transmitted, an ACK ditions are output to indicate the beginning and the end of a serial transfer.

In Master Receive mode, the first byte transmitted contains the slave address of the transmitting device (7 bits) and the data direction bit. In this case, the data direction bit (R_W) is logic ‘1’. Thus, the first byte transmitted is a 7-bit slave address, followed by a ‘1’ to indicate receive bit. Serial data is received via SDA while SCL outputs the serial clock. Serial data is received 8 bits at a time. After each byte is received, an ACK is transmitted. Start and Stop conditions indicate the beginning and end of transmission.

bit is received. Start and Stop con-

15.12.1 I2C MASTER TRANSMISSION

Transmission of a data byte, a 7-bit address, or the second half of a 10-bit address is accomplished by simply writing a value to I2CTRN register. The user should only write to I2CTRN when the module is in a WAIT state. This action will set the Buffer Full Flag (TBF) and allow the baud rate generator to begin counting and start the next transmission. Each bit of address/data will be shifted out onto the SDA pin after the falling edge of SCL is asserted. The Transmit Status Flag, TRSTAT (I2CSTAT<14>), indicates that a master transmit is in progress.

C bus will

bit

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dsPIC30F3014/4013

15.12.2 I2C MASTER RECEPTION

Master mode reception is enabled by programming the Receive Enable bit, RCEN (I2CCON<11>). The I module must be Idle before the RCEN bit is set, otherwise the RCEN bit will be disregarded. The baud rate generator begins counting and on each rollover, the state of the SCL pin ACK I2CRSR on the rising edge of each clock.

and data are shifted into the

15.12.3 BAUD RATE GENERATOR

In I2C Master mode, the reload value for the BRG is located in the I2CBRG register. When the BRG is loaded with this value, the BRG counts down to ‘0’ and stops until another reload has taken place. If clock arbitration is taking place, for instance, the BRG is reloaded when the SCL pin is sampled high.

As per the I 400 kHz. However, the user can specify any baud rate up to 1 MHz. I2CBRG values of ‘0’ or ‘1’ are illegal.

C standard, FSCK may be 100 kHz or

EQUATION 15-1: SERIAL CLOCK RATE

I2CBRG =

()

–

FSCK 1,111,111

– 1

CY FCY

15.12.4 CLOCK ARBITRATION

Clock arbitration occurs when the master de-asserts the SCL pin (SCL allowed to float high) during any receive, transmit, or RESTART/Stop condition. When the SCL pin is allowed to float high, the baud rate generator (BRG) is suspended from counting until the SCL pin is actually sampled high. When the SCL pin is sampled high, the baud rate generator is reloaded with the contents of I2CBRG and begins counting. This ensures that the SCL high time will always be at least one BRG rollover count in the event that the clock is held low by an external device.

15.12.5 MULTI-MASTER COMMUNICATION, BUS COLLISION AND BUS ARBITRATION

Multi-master operation support is achieved by bus arbitration. When the master outputs address/data bits onto the SDA pin, arbitration takes place when the master outputs a ‘1’ on SDA by letting SDA float high while another master asserts a ‘0’. When the SCL pin floats high, data should be stable. If the expected data on SDA is a ‘1’ and the data sampled on the SDA pin = 0, then a bus collision has taken place. The master will set the MI2CIF pulse and reset the master portion of the I

C port to its Idle state.

If a transmit was in progress when the bus collision occurred, the transmission is halted, the TBF flag is

cleared, the SDA and SCL lines are de-asserted and a value can now be written to I2CTRN. When the user services the I tine, if the I can resume communication by asserting a Start condition.

If a Start, RESTART, Stop or Acknowledge condition was in progress when the bus collision occurred, the condition is aborted, the SDA and SCL lines are de-asserted, and the respective control bits in the I2CCON register are cleared to ‘0’. When the user services the bus collision Interrupt Service Routine, and if

C bus is free, the user can resume communication

the I by asserting a Start condition.

The master will continue to monitor the SDA and SCL pins, and if a Stop condition occurs, the MI2CIF bit will be set.

A write to the I2CTRN will start the transmission of data at the first data bit regardless of where the transmitter left off when bus collision occurred.

In a multi-master environment, the interrupt generation on the detection of Start and Stop conditions allows the determination of when the bus is free. Control of the I bus can be taken when the P bit is set in the I2CSTAT register, or the bus is Idle and the S and P bits are cleared.

C master event Interrupt Service Rou-

C bus is free (i.e., the P bit is set), the user

15.13 I2C Module Operation During CPU Sleep and Idle Modes

15.13.1 I2C OPERATION DURING CPU

SLEEP MODE

When the device enters Sleep mode, all clock sources to the module are shutdown and stay at logic ‘0’. If Sleep occurs in the middle of a transmission and the state machine is partially into a transmission as the clocks stop, then the transmission is aborted. Similarly, if Sleep occurs in the middle of a reception, then the reception is aborted.

15.13.2 I2C OPERATION DURING CPU IDLE

MODE

For the I2C, the I2CSIDL bit selects if the module will stop on Idle or continue on Idle. If I2CSIDL = 0, the module will continue operation on assertion of the Idle mode. If I2CSIDL = 1, the module will stop on Idle.

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dsPIC30F3014/4013

C REGISTER MAP

— — — BCL GCSTAT ADD10 IWCOL I2COV D_A P S R_W RBF TBF 0000 0000 0000 0000

— I2CSIDL SCLREL IPMIEN A10M DISSLW SMEN GCEN STREN ACKDT ACKEN RCEN PEN RSEN SEN 0001 0000 0000 0000

— — — — — — — — Transmit Register 0000 0000 1111 1111

— — — — — — — Baud Rate Generator 0000 0000 0000 0000

SFR Name Addr. Bit 15 Bit 14 Bit 13 Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Reset State

I2CRCV 0200 — — — — — — — — Receive Register 0000 0000 0000 0000

I2CTRN 0202

TABLE 15-2: dsPIC30F3014/4013 I

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS70138C-page 95

I2CBRG 0204

— — — — — — Address Register 0000 0000 0000 0000

I2CSTAT 0208 ACKSTAT TRSTAT

I2CADD 020A

I2CCON 0206 I2CEN

Legend: u = uninitialized bit

Note: Refer to dsPIC30F Family Reference Manual (DS70046) for descriptions of register bit fields.

dsPIC30F3014/4013

NOTES:

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dsPIC30F3014/4013

16.0 UNIVERSAL ASYNCHRONOUS RECEIVER TRANSMITTER (UART) MODULE

This section describes the Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter Communications module.

• One or two Stop bits

• Fully integrated baud rate generator with 16-bit prescaler

• Baud rates range from 38 bps to 1.875 Mbps at a 30 MHz instruction rate

• 4-word deep transmit data buffer

• 4-word deep receive data buffer

• Parity, framing and buffer overrun error detection

• Support for interrupt only on address detect (9th bit = 1)

• Separate transmit and receive interrupts

• Loopback mode for diagnostic support

16.1 UART Module Overview

• Two choices of TX/RX pins on UART1 module

The key features of the UART module are:

• Full-duplex, 8 or 9-bit data communication

• Even, odd or no parity options (for 8-bit data)

FIGURE 16-1: UART TRANSMITTER BLOCK DIAGRAM

Internal Data Bus

Write

Control and Status bits

Write

UxTX or UxATX if ALTIO=1

Note: x = 1 or 2.

UTXBRK

Data

Parity

‘

0’ (Start)

‘

1’ (Stop)

UxTXREG Low Byte

UTX8

Transmit Shift Register (UxTSR)

Parity

Generator

Load TSR

16 Divider

Control

Signals

Transmit Control

– Control TSR – Control Buffer – Generate Flags – Generate Interrupt

16x Baud Clock from Baud Rate

Generator

UxTXIF

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dsPIC30F3014/4013

FIGURE 16-2: UART RECEIVER BLOCK DIAGRAM

From UxTX

LPBACK

Internal Data Bus

Read

UxRXREG Low Byte

URX8

Receive Shift Register

8-9

(UxRSR)

Load RSR

to Buffer

Write

UxMODE

Receive Buffer Control

– Generate Flags – Generate Interrupt – Shift Data Characters

Control Signals

Read Read

UxSTA

PERR

Write

FERR

UxRX or UxARX if ALTIO=1

· Start bit Detect

· Parity Check

· Stop bit Detect

· Shift Clock Generation

· Wake Logic

16 Divider

16x Baud Clock from Baud Rate Generator

UxRXIF

DS70138C-page 98 Advance Information  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

MICROCHIP dsPIC30F3014, dsPIC30F4013 Technical data

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

1.0 DEVICE OVERVIEW

2.0 CPU ARCHITECTURE OVERVIEW

2.1 Core Overview

2.2 Programmer’s Model

2.3 Divide Support

2.4 DSP Engine

3.0 MEMORY ORGANIZATION

3.1 Program Address Space

3.2 Data Address Space

4.0 ADDRESS GENERATOR UNITS

4.1 Instruction Addressing Modes

4.2 Modulo Addressing

4.3 Bit-Reversed Addressing

5.0 FLASH PROGRAM MEMORY

5.1 In-Circuit Serial Programming (ICSP)

5.2 Run-Time Self-Programming (RTSP)

5.3 Table Instruction Operation Summary

5.4 RTSP Operation

5.5 Control Registers

5.6 Programming Operations

6.0 DATA EEPROM MEMORY

6.1 Reading the Data EEPROM

6.2 Erasing Data EEPROM

6.3 Writing to the Data EEPROM

6.4 Write Verify

6.5 Protection Against Spurious Write

7.0 I/O PORTS

7.1 Parallel I/O (PIO) Ports

7.2 Configuring Analog Port Pins

7.3 Input Change Notification Module

8.0 INTERRUPTS

8.1 Interrupt Priority

8.2 Reset Sequence

8.3 Traps

8.4 Interrupt Sequence

8.5 Alternate Vector Table

8.6 Fast Context Saving

8.7 External Interrupt Requests

8.8 Wake-up from Sleep and Idle

9.0 TIMER1 MODULE

9.1 Timer Gate Operation

9.2 Timer Prescaler

9.3 Timer Operation During Sleep Mode

9.4 Timer Interrupt

9.5 Real-Time Clock

10.0 TIMER2/3 MODULE

10.1 Timer Gate Operation

10.2 ADC Event Trigger

10.3 Timer Prescaler

10.4 Timer Operation During Sleep Mode

10.5 Timer Interrupt

11.0 TIMER4/5 MODULE

12.0 INPUT CAPTURE MODULE

12.1 Simple Capture Event Mode

12.2 Input Capture Operation During Sleep and Idle Modes

12.3 Input Capture Interrupts

13.0 OUTPUT COMPARE MODULE

13.1 Timer2 and Timer3 Selection Mode

13.2 Simple Output Compare Match Mode

13.3 Dual Output Compare Match Mode

13.4 Simple PWM Mode

13.5 Output Compare Operation During CPU Sleep Mode

13.6 Output Compare Operation During CPU Idle Mode

13.7 Output Compare Interrupts

14.0 SPI MODULE

14.1 Operating Function Description

14.2 Framed SPI Support

14.3 Slave Select Synchronization

14.4 SPI Operation During CPU Sleep Mode

14.5 SPI Operation During CPU Idle Mode

15.0 I2C MODULE

15.1 Operating Function Description

15.2 I2C Module Addresses

15.3 I2C 7-bit Slave Mode Operation

15.4 I2C 10-bit Slave Mode Operation

15.5 Automatic Clock Stretch