MFJ MFJ-1289W, MFJ-1289WD User Manual

A TNC Control Program

for the

MFJ 1278 Family

of Multimode Controllers

Table of Contents

1. OVERVIEW ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................1

2. INSTALLING MULTICOM FOR WINDOWS................................................................................................................................................2

3. RUNNING MULTICOM FOR WINDOWS ......................................................................................................................................................3

3.1 RUNNING FROM PROGRAM MANAGER (WINDOWS 3.1).................................................................................................................................3

3.2 RUNNING FROM FILE MANAGER( WINDOWS 3.1) OR EXPLORER (WINDOWS95)......................................................................................3

3.3 IF THIS IS THE FIRST TIME Y OU’VE RUN MULTICOM FOR WINDOWS... ....................................................................................................3

3.4 SOFTWARE CONTROL OF THE 1278: WHAT TO DO IF YOUR TNC DOESN'T COOPERATE!.....................................................................3

3.5 SERIAL (COM) PORTS: WHAT TO DO IF YOUR PC AND TNC DON’T COMMUNICATE!...........................................................................4

3.6 THE MULTICOM FOR WINDOWS MAIN WINDOW .........................................................................................................................................5

3.6.1 General Description...................................................................................................................................................................................5

3.6.2 Upper Tool Bar Description.....................................................................................................................................................................6

3.6.3 Lower Tool Bar Description.....................................................................................................................................................................7

3.6.4 Menu Bar Description................................................................................................................................................................................9

3.6.5 Hiding/Showing Toolbars.........................................................................................................................................................................9

3.6.6 Saving Screen Size......................................................................................................................................................................................9

3.7 SETTING UP MULTICOM FOR WINDOWS: BASIC INFORMATION ................................................................................................................9

3.8 FUNCTION KEYS: F1, F2 AND F3......................................................................................................................................................................11

4. SELECTING MODES OF OPERATION.........................................................................................................................................................12

5. OPERATING ........................................................................................................................................................................................................13

5.1 PACTOR OPERATION.........................................................................................................................................................................................13

5.1.1 Pactor Options..........................................................................................................................................................................................13

5.1.2 Pactor QSO's..............................................................................................................................................................................................14

5.1.2.1 Pactor FEC Mode Operation..................................................................................................................................................................15

5.1.2.2 Pactor ARQ Mode Operation................................................................................................................................................................15

5.2 AMTOR OPERATION ..........................................................................................................................................................................................16

5.2.1 Amtor Options ............................................................................................................................................................................................16

5.2.2 Amtor QSO's...............................................................................................................................................................................................17

5.3 VHF AND HF PACKET OPERATION .................................................................................................................................................................19

5.3.1 VHF and HF Packet Options..................................................................................................................................................................19

5.3.2 VHF and HF Packet QSO’s.....................................................................................................................................................................20

5.3.3 YAPP File Transfers.................................................................................................................................................................................23

5.3.3.1 Starting YAPP.........................................................................................................................................................................................23

5.3.3.2 Sending YAPP Files................................................................................................................................................................................24

5.3.3.3 Receiving YAPP Files.............................................................................................................................................................................24

5.3.4 Packet Images for Windows...................................................................................................................................................................24

5.3.4.1 General....................................................................................................................................................................................................24

5.3.4.2 Packet Images is not the same as Packet Pix in DOS MultiCom............................................................................................................25

5.3.4.3 Image Format ..........................................................................................................................................................................................25

5.3.4.4 Compressed and Non-compressed images..............................................................................................................................................25

5.3.4.5 How to Use Packet Images.....................................................................................................................................................................25

5.3.4.5.1 Sending Packet Images.....................................................................................................................................................................25

5.3.4.5.2 Receiving Packet Images..................................................................................................................................................................26

5.3.4.5.3 How to Receive and Display Pictures from Users of Other Software Packages ............................................................................27

5.4 CW OPERATION.................................................................................................................................................................................................28

5.4.1 CW Options................................................................................................................................................................................................28

5.4.2 CW QSO's....................................................................................................................................................................................................29

5.5 RTTY / ASCII OPERATION...............................................................................................................................................................................30

5.5.1 RTTY / ASCII Options...............................................................................................................................................................................30

5.5.2 RTTY or ASCII QSO's................................................................................................................................................................................31

5.6 SSTV AND FAX OPERATION............................................................................................................................................................................32

Table of Contents

5.6.1 Overview.....................................................................................................................................................................................................32

5.6.2 Entering SSTV and FAX Mode...............................................................................................................................................................32

5.6.3 SSTV and FAX Windows..........................................................................................................................................................................33

5.6.4 Selecting Modes........................................................................................................................................................................................33

5.6.5 Receiving....................................................................................................................................................................................................34

5.6.5.1 Synchronizing.........................................................................................................................................................................................34

5.6.5.2 Vertical Interval Signal (VIS): Automatic Mode Selection......................................................................................................................34

5.6.5.3 Screen Display: Scrolling and Wrapping.................................................................................................................................................34

5.6.5.4 Image Slant..............................................................................................................................................................................................34

5.6.5.5 Image Edge ..............................................................................................................................................................................................35

5.6.5.6 Restarting................................................................................................................................................................................................35

5.6.5.7 Invert Image ............................................................................................................................................................................................35

5.6.5.8 Pause Image.............................................................................................................................................................................................35

5.6.5.9 Saving Images..........................................................................................................................................................................................35

5.6.5.10 Some Tips on Receiving Images............................................................................................................................................................35

5.6.6 Transmitting SSTV Pictures....................................................................................................................................................................37

5.6.7 Exiting SSTV and FAX Mode..................................................................................................................................................................38

5.6.8 Pre-Converting SSTV Images.................................................................................................................................................................38

6. CALLING CQ IN CW, RTTY/ASCII, AMTOR AND PACTOR................................................................................................................39

6.1 TO CALL CQ A SINGLE TIME, OR TO EDIT THE CQ MESSAGE:....................................................................................................................39

6.2 TO CALL CQ AUTOMATICALLY MORE T HAN ONCE:...................................................................................................................................40

7. TIME SAVING TIPS...........................................................................................................................................................................................41

7.1 SENDING AN IDENTIFICATION MESSAGE.......................................................................................................................................................41

7.2 SENDING THE OTHER STATION'S CALLSIGN ..................................................................................................................................................41

7.3 SENDING Y OUR CALLSIGN.................................................................................................................................................................................41

7.4 USING TEXT ("BRAG") FILES ............................................................................................................................................................................42

7.5 USING ASCII FILES .............................................................................................................................................................................................44

8. PRINTING............................................................................................................................................................................................................45

9. CAPTURE TO DISK...........................................................................................................................................................................................46

10. CONTROLLING MORE THAN ONE TNC AT THE SAME TIME..........................................................................................................48

11. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.................................................................................................................................................................................49

Overview

Reproduction or use of editorial or pictorial content of this software product and the documentation without the expressed written permission from MFJ Enterprises, Inc. is prohibited.

While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this instruction manual, the author and publisher assume no responsibility for error or omissions.

Neither is any liability assumed for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein.

1. Overview

MultiCom for Windows is a software tool that simplifies the use of your 12781 multimode controller.

Instead of requiring you to memorize a large number of commands, all you need to do is "point and click" on easy-to-use icons and buttons on the screen. MultiCom for Windows does all the rest for you. If you need to enter more information, MultiCom for Windows displays simple "forms" for easy information entry.

MultiCom for Windows lets you control your 1278 in the way that's easiest for you: "point and click", or keystrokes. There's no need to use a mouse if you don't want to, but you can take full advantage of the Windows interface if you want. You can choose to have all controls displayed, ready for you to use, or you can have a clean, simple, uncluttered display if you want.

MultiCom for Windows supports the following modes on your 1278:

• Packet (HF and VHF)

• Pactor (FEC and ARQ modes)

• Amtor (FEC and ARQ modes)

• RTTY and ASCII

• CW

• Navtex

• SSTV (transmit and receive)

• FAX (receive)

Packet mailbox mode can be used by directly entering 1278 commands if you wish.

Refers to either the MFJ-1278 or MFJ-1278B Multimode Controllers

Installing MultiCom for Windows

2. Installing MultiCom for Windows

Installation is virtually the same in Windows 3.1 and Windows 95. To install MultiCom for Windows, simply do the following:

1. Put the MultiCom for Windows “Setup” diskette in a floppy drive.

2. If you are using Windows 3.1, make sure either the Program Manager or File Manager window is visible.

• select "File" from the menu bar at the top of the window

• select "Run" from the File menu

• enter: a:setup (or b:setup if you put the diskette in drive b:)

• press the "Enter" key

If you are using Windows 95, click on the “Start” button at the lower left of your screen.

• select “Run” from the Start menu

• enter: a:setup (or b:setup if you put the diskette in drive b:)

• press the "Enter" key

3. The "Setup" program will run. Simply follow the instructions on the screen. You can quit at any time while Setup is running if you wish.

MultiCom for Windows shares some files with other Windows programs. When you are running the Setup program, you might get messages asking you if you want to replace a file on your computer with one from MultiCom for Windows. You should normally answer NO. This is because MultiCom for Windows can almost always use the file you already have, but other programs on your computer might not be able to use MultiCom’s.

Note: you must run

Setup from

Windows. You can't

run it from DOS

Running MultiCom for Windows

3. Running MultiCom for Windows

In Windows 3.1, you can run MultiCom for Windows from Program Manager (the most common way), or from File Manager.

In Windows 95, you can use Explorer, the Start menu, or drag the MultiCom for Windows icon (as a shortcut) to the desktop.

The following sections tell you how to run MultiCom for Windows.

3.1 Running From Program Manager (Windows 3.1)

Double-click the MultiCom for Windows Icon from the MultiCom for Windows program group. (Note that you can move the MultiCom for Windows icon to another group if you wish. Consult your Windows manual for more information.)

3.2 Running From File Manager( Windows 3.1) or Explorer (Windows95)

Select the directory containing MultiCom for Windows (this is usually C:\MULTIWIN, but you may have specified a different directory when you installed MultiCom for Windows). Double-click "MULTIWIN.EXE".

3.3 If This Is The First Time You’ve Run MultiCom for Windows...

If this is the first time you’ve run this program, make sure that you have the “Setup” floppy disk

in drive a: or drive b: of your PC (this is the floppy disk you used to install MultiCom for

Windows). Make sure your floppy is not write protected.

When you run MultiCom for Windows for the first time, you will see a screen asking you to enter your call sign. This is very important because many operating modes require your call sign in order to operate correctly. Your call sign will be copied onto the “Setup” floppy disk.

If you do not have your “Setup” floppy disk in your PC, you will not be able to continue. You only need to have your “Setup” floppy disk in your PC the first time you run MultiCom for

Windows. After that, you will not need to have it in your PC.

3.4 Software Control of the 1278: What to do if your TNC doesn't cooperate!

The 1278 uses "open loop" control. That means that when the 1278 receives a command (from MultiCom for Windows, or from you), MultiCom for Windows has no way of knowing if the 1278 actually responded correctly2. It also means that MultiCom for Windows can't tell if you sent a 1278 control command directly from the keyboard (you could have gone so far as changing modes!).

If you find that MultiCom for Windows does not respond to your commands, it may have gotten "out of sync" with the 1278. This does not happen often, but it is possible. If it does happen, you should:

-enter "CONTROL-C" from the keyboard

-enter the "ENTER" key

-select the desired mode from the Mode menu in the menu bar at the top of the window

There a several ways this could happen. For example, you may have an intermittent serial cable connection

between your PC and 1278. Or, you may have turned the 1278 off and on while MultiCom for Windows is operating.

Running MultiCom for Windows

If that doesn’t work, enter the Command Key (normally F3, but may be F1 depending on what you specified in the Setup Options) and repeat the above steps.

This normally restores control to MultiCom for Windows.

3.5 Serial (COM) Ports: What to do if your PC and TNC Don’t Communicate!

When you first start up MultiCom for Windows, you might see this symbol at the bottom of your screen:

Click on the button to get advice on possible ways to resolve your problem. 99% of the time, communications problems in Windows are due to conflicts between devices that use serial

ports (your mouse, your modem, your serial port to your TNC, etc.). Even though these devices are connected to different ports, they can still ‘conflict’.

If you are using “standard” IRQ (interrupt) settings on your serial port --most of us do--, check the following:

If your TNC uses: then your mouse or

modem should not use:

COM1 COM3 COM2 COM4 COM3 COM1 COM4 COM2

This table is based on the fact that COM1 and COM3 normally share IRQ 4, and COM2 and COM4 normally share IRQ3.

This sometimes can be restricting if you have more than two serial ports in use. One way around this is to setup a serial port with a non-standard IRQ. That usually requires changing a jumper on the serial card and setting some parameters in the “ports” section in the Windows Control Panel. If you do this, read your serial port and Windows manual very carefully. Take care not to create other IRQ conflicts with devices like your sound card or printer port.

Running MultiCom for Windows

3.6 The MultiCom for Windows Main Window

3.6.1 General Description

When you run MultiCom for Windows, you will see the "main window". It looks much like this:

Because you are using Windows, you will be able to switch to other Windows programs, re-size the MultiCom for Windows window, shrink the MultiCom for Windows window to an icon, and do anything else you can do in Windows.

The MultiCom for Windows window has several important parts. They are:

• the "Data From TNC" subwindow

This window show the data received from you 1278. That data includes:

• information received "off the air"

• command responses from the 1278 (i.e. what the 1278 sends back in response to

commands sent to it by MultiCom for Windows)

The Data From TNC window stores the last 300 lines (approximately) of data received. You can scroll back by clicking on the scroll bar at the right side of the window. When new data is received, the Data From TNC window scrolls back to the last line. You can prevent this by clicking on the "Pause Screen" button on the lower left of the MultiCom for Windows

Running MultiCom for Windows

window (see "Lower Tool Bar"). Data from the 1278 will not cause scrolling when the Pause Screen button is checked. Note: MultiCom for Windows will only store approximately the last 5000 characters received from the 1278 when the Pause Screen button is checked.

• the "Keyboard Input" subwindow.

This window echoes your keystrokes, and keeps a record of what you entered. It also echoes any data sent when calling CQ automatically, or when text ("brag") or ASCII files are sent.

• the "Upper Tool Bar"

The Upper Tool Bar is located just above the Data From TNC window. You mostly use it to select operating modes, establish and break links (Pactor, Packet, Amtor), manage text "brag" files, and for printing and capture.

• the "Lower Tool Bar"

The Lower Tool Bar is located just below the Keyboard Input window. It has a variety of functions: control of the screen, time display, entry and sending of callsigns, as well as functions that depend on which mode you are in.

3.6.2 Upper Tool Bar Description

The functions of the Upper Tool Bar are described below:

• "Data Capture" Check Boxes:

These check boxes control capturing received data to the printer and/or the disk. Clicking on the appropriate box causes an 'x' to be displayed. That means the function is enabled. Clicking again on the box causes the function to be disabled, and the 'x' will disappear.

• Operating Mode Buttons:

The operating mode buttons are used to select the communication mode, and to enter the "setup" mode.

Running MultiCom for Windows

The mode you are currently using is shown in two ways:

• by the text in the main Title Bar at the top of the MultiCom for Windows window, and,

• by the "mode" buttons in the tool bar at the top of the MultiCom for Windows window.

You can easily change from one mode to another by clicking the mode buttons or by using menus. See Section 4.

• Connect / Disconnect Buttons

These are only displayed in Pactor, Packet and Amtor modes. When you are not connected (linked) to another station, the "Connect" button is displayed. Click

on this button to try to connect to another station. A menu will appear to prompt you for more information.

When you a connected, or attempting to connect, to another station, the "Disconnect" button will replace the Connect button on the toolbar. Click on the Disconnect button to disconnect ("drop") the connection or to abandon an attempted connection.

• Text "Brag file" Buttons

The 3 Text buttons are used to enter and send short files of text (up to 1500 characters) that you create using MultiCom for Windows built-in editor. Each mode (except Navtex and SSTV/Fax) has a different set of buttons. Graphics characters are supported in Packet and Pactor modes.

• Send File Button

The Send File button is used send text from a file that you created with Notepad or some similar editor Each mode (except Navtex and SSTV/Fax) has a text button. You can have as many ASCII files as you want. You would use this button for longer text files than you would with the Text “Brag” files. Note that ASCII text with this button are sent just as if you had entered it from the keyboard. No ‘file transfer protocol’ is used.

3.6.3 Lower Tool Bar Description

The functions of the Lower Tool Bar are described below.

• "Layout" button Click on this button to re-arrange the Keyboard Entry and Data from TNC windows. Each click will change to a different format: either overlapped, vertical tiled, or horizontal tiled (the default, startup, format). Click until you find the format that you prefer.

• "Clear" button Click on this button to clear the screen. MultiCom for Windows will ask you to confirm this just to make sure you don't clear the screen by accident.

• "Font/Color" button You can choose the colors and font for the Keyboard Input and Data from TNC subwindows by clicking the "font/color" button (alternately, you can use the "Screen" menu, and click on "color". MultiCom for Windows will show the following form:

Running MultiCom for Windows

Simply click your color choice for each window. Click on “Change Font” to change the font. A menu will appear to let you choose a new font.

Note: for best performance and to display ANSI graphics characters, you should choose the “Terminal” font.

Select OK to enable your choices, or Cancel if you do not wish to use your choices.

• "Pause Screen" check box

Click on this box to temporarily stop new data from being displayed in the Data From TNC window. An 'x' will appear in the box when the screen is paused. Click again to display all characters received while the screen was paused and all new characters (the 'x' will disappear). Use this function when you want to scroll through the Data From TNC window and don't want the display to bounce around with incoming data.

Note: MultiCom for Windows will only store approximately the last 5000 characters received from the 1278 when the Pause Screen button is checked.

• Time Display

Local and UTC (GMT) times and dates are displayed.

• Call Sign Transmission

The "de (callsign)" button will send "de " followed by your callsign when clicked.

The "Enter Call" button will prompt you to enter a call in the button immediately to it’s right. You don't normally need to do this in Pactor or Packet modes, since MultiCom for Windows can automatically determine the call of the station you are connecting or connected to.

The callsign button will send the callsign that is displayed on it. If no callsign is displayed, nothing will be sent. If necessary, use the "Enter Call" button to enter and display a call sign.

• Send / Receive Control

Transmit, Receive, "Over" buttons

In some modes, a buttons will appear to alternated between transmitting and receiving

Running MultiCom for Windows

In Pactor, an "Over" button will appear instead which allows you to switch from sending to receiving. It will also enable you to "seize" the link from the other station if you wish.

3.6.4 Menu Bar Description

The menu bar is at the top of the MultiCom for Windows window. It allows you to perform almost all MultiCom for Windows functions with keystrokes instead of mouse clicks. Experienced users may

find this a faster way to control MultiCom for Windows. To select a Menu bar item, either:

- click on it with the mouse,

or:

- hit the "ALT" key

- enter the underlined letter of the desired menu. The desired menu will be displayed.

You can choose items from the menu by clicking on them or by using the ALT key / underlined character method described above.

3.6.5 Hiding/Showing Toolbars

The toolbars of MultiCom for Windows help make it easy to use, but they take up screen space. You can hide the toolbars to make more screen space available to you. Simply click the Hide Toolbars button to make them disappear (the button will change to Show Toolbars). Almost all commands are available with menu commands so you can have full control over MultiCom for Windows even with the toolbars hidden. If you want the toolbars to reappear, simply click on the Show Toolbars button.

3.6.6 Saving Screen Size

Once you have adjusted the screen size to the way you like it, and have decided if you prefer the toolbars to be visible or hidden, you can tell MultiCom for Windows to appear the same way every time it is restarted. To do this, simply click the Save Size button.

Note: the keyboard and TNC windows layout is not saved when you click the Save Size button.

3.7 Setting Up MultiCom for Windows: Basic Information

MultiCom for Windows needs some basic information for all modes of operation.

Make sure you fill out the Basic Information form before using MultiCom for Windows. You can change the basic information any time you want later.

You select the Basic Information Form by selecting the "Setup" mode (either by clicking the "Setup" button or by selecting it from the Mode menu. This will cause the Basic Information form to be displayed. The Basic Information form is shown below. Each entry is described later in this section.

Running MultiCom for Windows

• Call Sign:

This field is mandatory. Make sure you include your portable designator, if applicable (e.g. VE3GLA/4). Do NOT include a packet "SSID" (e.g. don't use VE3GLA -15). That can be added with the packet forms.

If you are not a ham, enter “SWL”, or something similar.

• Name, City, State/Province/Region, Country:

These are optional fields. You don't have to enter them.

• Preferred time: MultiCom for Windows displays the time in both Local and UTC (GMT) modes. Click "Local" if

you want local time to be shown in bold characters. Click" UTC" if you want UTC to be bold. In order to display UTC time correctly, MultiCom for Windows needs to know how many hours your local time differs from UTC. Enter the data in the box. For example, USA Eastern Standard Time is 5 hours after UTC.

• Preferred Startup Mode:

You can specify which mode you will automatically enter after starting MultiCom for Windows. Simply click on the mode that you prefer. After MultiCom for Windows has started, you can easily change to other modes.

•

• Radio Ports:

Your HF and VHF radios are normally (but not always) connected to a different port at the back of your 1278.

Click on the port number for your HF and VHF radio. If you only have one radio, just click on the port number you are using for that radio. Check “radios must use different ports” if you want to ensure that the HF and VHF radios use different ports.

Running MultiCom for Windows

• Computer Ports

Your 1278 is connected to your computer via a serial cable. You must specify what serial ("COM") port that you are using in your computer. COM1 and COM2 are used most often.

• PC to TNC Baud Rate

Your 1278 must communicate at the correct speed with your PC. Select the baud rate that your 1278 is set for. You will have to click “OK”, exit MultiCom for Windows, then restart MultiCom for Windows to ensure reliable communications between MultiCom for Windows and your

1278.

• Which key is the “HELP” key

Most Windows applications use “F1” to go to the Help menu. However, DOS MultiCom users may prefer to use “F3” for help. Select your preference. See section 4 for more details about function keys.

• Use/Cancel buttons

Click on Use if you wish the form settings to be used. Click on Cancel if you want to use the previous settings to be used (i.e. cancel the changes you

have made on the form).

3.8 Function Keys: F1, F2 and F3

Three keys on your keyboard are especially important: F1, F2 and F3. Through single keystrokes, you can:

• access on-line “Help”

• go to “converse mode” (in packet modes only)

• go to “command mode” for your TNC

F1 is normally the ‘help’ key. If you press F1, you will ent er the on-line help system, Use this function to look up techniques, tips, or answers to your questions.

F2 is the “ converse” key. If you are in VHF or HF packet mode, just hit F2 and you will be in converse mode. Everything you type will be transmitted.

F3 is normally the “command” key. Hit F3 and you will enter the TNC’s command mode. This is useful in packet to exit converse mode. It is also useful if your TNC gets into the wrong state for some reason.

MultiCom for Windows lets you switch the meanings of F1 and F3. This allows F1 to have the same function as the DOS version of MultiCom. You can switch meanings by using the Options menu in Setup mode (see chapter 3).

The following table summarizes the three function keys uses:

Key Purpose (normal) Purpose (‘switched’)

F1 access “Help” enter command mode F2 enter converse mode enter converse mode F3 enter command mode access “Help”

Selecting Modes of Operation

4. Selecting Modes of Operation

The mode you are currently using is shown in two ways:

• by the text in the main Title Bar at the top of the MultiCom for Windows window, and,

• by the "mode" buttons in the tool bar at the top of the MultiCom for Windows window.

The caption for the current mode is shown in light grey. You can easily change from one mode to another by pressing the mode buttons or from menus.

Selecting modes: Mode Button method

Press the button for the desired new mode from the tool bar at the top of the MultiCom for Windows window.

Selecting modes: Menu method

Either:

• press: ALT-M

• press the letter for you desired mode, as shown in the mode menu

(e.g. "R" for RTTY, "V" for vhf packet, etc.).

Or:

• click the "Mode" menu item from the menu bar at the top of the window

• click the desired mode

Please don’t switch modes by directly entering 1278 mode change commands on the keyboard. If you do, MultiCom for Windows will think the 1278 is in a different mode than the 1278 actually is in. In that case, MultiCom for Windows will probably display the wrong buttons and not behave the way you want.

You should only switch modes using the Mode Button method or the Menu method.

5. Operating

Operating: Pactor

5.1 Pactor Operation

5.1.1 Pactor Options

Enter data in the following form to control Pactor operation in MultiCom for Windows.

This form may be accessed while in Pactor mode either by:

-clicking the Options button at the top of the MultiCom for Windows window, or,

-selecting Options from the menu at the top of the MultiCom for Windows window.

• FEC speed

• Reliability

• Speed

• Memory ARQ

NOTE: You can only transmit on

frequencies and modes permitted

by your license class. Be sure to observe all rules and regulations!

-100 baud is slower, but may have fewer errors.

-200 baud is faster and is most useful under good signal conditions.

-choose "normal" under average to good conditions

-choose "reliable" under poorer conditions. Transmission speed will be slower, but the other station will see fewer errors.

-choose "very reliable" under very poor conditions. Transmission speed will be much slower, but you will have a better chance of being received with fewer errors.

Click on Automatic 100/200 normally. Click on 100 only when conditions are poor. This will reduce time wasted switching to 200 baud.

Memory ARQ is used by Pactor to combat errors induced by QRM and QRN by combining error packets to see if a valid one can be created. The parameters in this part of the form control how this is accomplished.

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