Melon Slice Instructions Manual

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INDEX

Pages: Operations and Safety Frame Size 2 Saddle Adjustment 3-4 Safety Checklist 5-7 Helmets 8 Riding Safely 8-11 Operating Gears and Brakes 12-13

Bicycle Assembly and Tuning Assembly Instructions 14-21 Folding Instructions 22-24

Bicycle Care Basic Maintenance 25-29 Wheels and Tires 30-39 Headset 40-42 Brakes 43-45 Drivetrain 46-48 Crank Set 49-52 Chain 52-54 Reﬂ ectors 54-55 Troubleshooting 56-58

Warranty 59

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FRAME SIZE

Choosing the appropriate frame and wheel size is imperative when purchasing a new bicycle. For safe riding the size of your bicycle should properly match your build.

The melon slice folding bike is provided as a one size ﬁ ts all bicycle. It can accommodate a height range of 4’8” to 6’3” in riders. The rider weight limit is 240 lbs.

WARNING:

For safe riding your bicycle should match your size correctly, otherwise you may lose control and fall. Ideally there should be a minimum clearance of 25mm between the crotch of the intended rider and the top frame tube of the bike, while the rider straddles the bicycle with both feet ﬂ at on the ground.

Clearance over the top of the frame ensures that the rider can safely stand astride the bike when forced out of the saddle, such as stopping at trafﬁ c lights. Frame clearance is not usually an issue with folding bikes as the frame’s top tube is only 23.5”.

The melon slice is not designed to ﬁ t children. It is not

recommended that children ride this bike.

Warranty

Melon Bicycles warrants that any bicycle purchased from an authorized Melon Bicycle dealer, or from Melon Bicycles directly shall be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of ﬁ ve (5) years from the date of purchase. This warranty shall extend only to the original owner of the bicycle. All components are covered by the components manufacturers’ warranties. Paint and ﬁ nish are covered for one (1) year from the date of purchase by the original owner.

This warranty is void in any instance of abuse, misuse, neglect, improper assembly, improper maintenance or from the addition of any components not intended for the speciﬁ ed model. This warranty shall only be valid if the bicycle is used for its intended purpose, and shall be voided by the use of the bicycle for any improper purpose, including, but not limited to, jumping, stunt riding, riding with heavy loads, or any other non-standard usage.

In the event of any issue, Melon Bicycles may seek to resolve the problem by replacing the damaged part with the same or comparable part. Any dealer labor charges or shipping expenses are the sole responsibility of the bicycle owner. Correction and/or replacement, in the manner described herein shall constitute full compliance with any and all warranties. In no instance shall any warranty extend beyond the purchase price of the bicycle.

THE FOREGOING WARRANTIES ARE EXCLUSIVE AND INLIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES WHETHER WRITTEN OR IMPLIED.

The terms of this warranty may change without notice.

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Problem Possible Reason Possible Solution

Chain jumping off chainwheel sprocket or chainring

Chainring out of true Re-true if possible or

replace

Chainring loose Secure mounting

bolts

Chainring teeth bent or broken

Repair or replace chainring/set

Rear to front derailleur side-to-side travel out of adjustment

Alter derailleur travel

Incorrect gear shifting Derailleur cables

sticking/stretched/ damaged

Lubricate/tighten/replace cables

Front or rear derailleur not adjusted properly

Alter derailleurs

Indexed shifting not adjusted properly

Alter indexing

Steering not accurate Wheels not aligned in

frame

Align wheels correctly

Headset loose or binding

Adjust/secure headset

Front forks or frame bent

Consult bicycle mechanic for frame realignment

TROUBLESHOOTING (Cont’d)

SADDLE ADJUSTMENT

Saddle Height:

When your saddle height is adjusted properly, you should have a small bend in your knee when your foot is at the bottom of the pedal stroke and you are sitting comfortably. If you have the saddle height too low, you will lose pedaling efﬁ ciency and will have to work much harder-we deﬁ nitely don’t want that. If you have the saddle height too high, you will be stretching just to pedal and your pelvis will have to rock side to side with each pedal stroke. Adjust the saddle height by opening and then closing the quick release lever.

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Saddle Tilt: For the most comfortable riding position, adjust the saddle to be as level as possible. Newer riders sometimes desire the saddle to be pointed downward to ease discomfort in the groin area. This adjustment will make it difﬁ cult to stay in the saddle, slightly unsafe, and will cause more problems for the body in the long run. The melon slice folding bike is provided with a comfortable well padded seat. We suggest that you allow yourself time to get acclimated to the seat in the level position if you are new to riding. Adjust the angle of the saddle by loosening the nut under the saddle on the right side of the seat post.

Saddle Front to Back: This adjustment determines how well balanced you are on the bicycle. If you move the saddle forward, you will end up with more of your weight being supported by the saddle itself. If you move the saddle backwards, you will end up with more of your weight being supported by your arms and hands. You can experiment to ﬁ nd the sweet spot that is the most comfortable riding position for you. Adjust the saddle position by loosening the nut under the saddle on the right side of the seat post.

Problem Possible Reason Possible Solution

Brake arms loose Secure mounting

bolts

Wobbling wheel Axle broken Replace axle

Wheel out of true True wheel

Hub cones loose Tighten hub bearings

Headset binding Alter headset

Hub bearings collapsed

Replace bearings

Knocking or shuddering when brakes applied

Bulge in the rim or rim out of true

True wheel or consult a bike mechanic

Brake mounting bolts loose

Secure bolts

Brakes out of adjustment

Center brakes and/ or adjust brake block toe-in

Forks loose in head tube

Secure headset

Constant clicking noises when pedaling

Stiff chain link Oil chain

Loose pedal axel/ bearings

Alter bearings/axle nut

Loose bottom bracket/bearings

Alter bottom bracket

Bent bottom bracket or pedal axle

Replace bottom bracket or pedals

Loose crankset Tighten crank bolts

Grinding noise when pedaling

Pedal bearings too tight

Adjust bearings

Bottom bracket bearings too tight

Adjust bearings

Chain fouling derailleurs

Adjust chain line

Derailleur jockey wheels dirty/binding

Clean and oil jockey wheels

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Problem Possible Reason Possible Solution

Slipping Chain Excessively worn or

chipped chainring

Replaice chainring

Chain worn/stretched Replace Chain

Stiff link in chain Oil or replace link

Non compatible chain/chainring

Consult a professional bicycle mechanic

Brake not working correctly

Brake blocks worn down

Replace brake blocks

Brake blocks/rim greasy,wet or dirty

Clean blocks and rim

Brake cables are binding/stretched/ damaged

Clean/adjust/replace cables

Brake levers are binding

Alter brake levers

Brakes out of adjustment

Center brakes

Frequent punctures Inner tube old or

faulty

Replace inner tube

Tire tread/casing worn

Replace tire

Tire incompatible to rim

Replace with correct tire

Tire not checked after previous puncture

Remove any sharp objedts from tire

Tire pressure too low Inﬂ ate tire to correct

pressure

Spoke protruding into rim

File down spoke

When the brakes are applied they squeal/ squeak

Brake blocks worn Replace brake blocks

Brake blocks/rim greasy,wet or dirty

Clean blocks and rim

Brake block toe-in incorrect

Correct block toe-in

TROUBLESHOOTING

SAFETY CHECKLIST

Safety checks are an important part of any ride. In conjunction with the recommended maintenance in this manual it is also suggested that a thorough inspection should be undertaken fortnightly, tightening all nuts and bolts, replacing worn and damaged parts and ensuring all components are in their correct positions.

WARNING:

Body parts and other objects should be kept clear from the moving components of the bicycle when in use, such as the spinning wheels and the moving chain. When riding always wear appropriate footwear – i.e. shoes that will grip the pedals and no sandals. Refrain from jumping with your bike. Jumping puts enormous stress on many components of your bicycle, especially your front fork.

Prior to every ride please complete the following safety checks:

1. Brakes

• Check front and rear brakes are working correctly

• Check brake control cables for wear and ensure they are oiled and properly adjusted

• Check brake control levers are lubricated and securely fastened to the handlebar.

• Check brake shoe pads for wear and their positioning in relation to the rims

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2. Wheels and Tires

• Check tire pressure is as recommended according to the speciﬁ cation displayed on the tire sidewall

• Check tires for tread and ensure they do not have any bulges or excessive wear.

• Check all wheel spokes are ﬁ rm and are intact

• Check rims run true and are without any obvious buckles or kinks

• Check that axle nuts are tight. For bicycles equipped with quick release axles, ensure locking levers are tensioned appropriately and in the closed position.

3. Saddle

• Check the clamp underneath the saddle is ﬁ rmly secured to the saddle post

• Check frame clamping mechanism is tightly fastened

• Ensure that the minimum insertion mark cannot be seen on the saddle pillar

4. Steering

• Check that the handlebar and stem enable correct steering and are properly adjusted and tightened

• Check that the setting of the handlebars is correct in relation to the forks and the direction of travel

• Check the head set locking mechanism is appropriately ﬁ xed and fastened

• If handlebar extensions are ﬁ tted check they are positioned and secured correctly

• Ensure the minimum insertion mark cannot be seen on the handlebar stem

• Ensure the ends of the handlebars and bar ends are covered or capped.

5. Chain

• Check the chain is lubricated, clean and runs freely

• In wet or dusty conditions service the chain more frequently

WARNING:

The reﬂ ectors and the reﬂ ector mounting brackets must not be removed from your bicycle. Doing so may reduce your visibility to other road users, potentially jeopardizing your safety. Serious injury or death may result if you are hit by another vehicle unable to see you.

WARNING:

Reﬂ ectors should always be used in conjunction with powered lighting when riding at night, at dawn, dusk, or at any other time in poor visibility. Failure to do so is dangerous and may result in serious injury or death.

When riding at night, in addition to the reﬂ ectors, the bicycle should also be equipped with powered lights. Reﬂ ective tape on the rider’s clothing is also recommended to increase visibility.

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REFLECTORS

The reﬂ ectors ﬁ tted to your bicycle are not only an important safety feature, but a legal necessity as well. Your bicycle should come equipped with one white (front), one red (rear), and two orange (wheel) reﬂ ectors. Each pedal should also have two orange reﬂ ectors ﬁ tted.

As a part of your bicycle maintenance ensure that all reﬂ ectors are clean, intact and securely fastened. The front and rear reﬂ ectors should be vertically aligned, and the wheel reﬂ ectors should be secured opposite the valve within 75mm of the rim.

To install a chain on a derailleur geared bicycle:

• Thread the chain around the chainwheel, rear sprocket and derailleur cage with the rivet facing away from the bicycle.

• Bring the two ends together within the special tool and punch the rivet into place. Take care not to push rivet too far through the side plate. Derailleur geared bicycles can now be ﬁ tted with some new types of chains that do not require special tools to remove or replace. Instead, a new, special, disposable connecting link is used every time you disassemble the chain. For further details on these particular chains, including installation guidelines, refer to the manufacturer’s speciﬁ c instructions.

6. Bearings

• Check headset, wheel bearings, pedal bearings and bottom bracket bearings

• Check all bearings are oiled, run smoothly and show no signs of excess movement, grinding or rattling

7. Cranks and Pedals

• Check cranks are securely fastened to the axle and are straight

• Check pedals are properly and ﬁ rmly attached to the crank

8. Derailleurs

• Check the rear mechanism is operating appropriately

• Check control levers are securely anchored

• Check derailleurs, control cables and shift levers are sufﬁ ciently lubricated

• If the gear components come with a separate, speciﬁ c manual, refer to this for further information

9. Frame and fork

• Check that the frame and fork are straight and intact.

• Replace if either is bent or broken.

10. Safety & Accessories

• Check that all reﬂ ectors are attached correctly and visible

• For riding at night, ﬁ t fully functioning dynamo or battery powered lights

• Check that the bell is fully operational

• Check all additional components on the bike are appropriately secured and functioning

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When riding your bicycle it is recommended that you always wear an appropriately ﬁ tting Country Standards Approved bicycle helmet.

A bicycle helmet must:

• Carry the Country Standards Approved

• Fit properly

The helmet should be:

• Well ventilated

• Comfortable

• Lightweight

HELMETS

WARNING:

The wearing of helmets is mandatory in many areas. Noncompliance may result in an enforceable penalty

RIDING SAFELY

General Rules

• The same road rules used for vehicles apply to cyclists. Obey the road rules at all times, such as giving way to pedestrians, and stopping at red trafﬁ c signals

• Notify the Road Trafﬁ c Authority in your state if further information is required.

To remove a chain on a derailleur geared bicycle:

• Fit the rivet tool so that the punch pin is centered over any one of the chain rivets.

• Push the rivet almost all the way out, then back out the punch and remove he tool.

• Holding the chain on both sides of the punched rivet, bend it slightly to release the link from the rivet.

Adjustment and Replacement

The chains on derailleur geared bicycles are automatically tensioned by the rear derailleur making manual adjustment of the chain unnecessary. The chains on derailleur geared bicycles are narrower, meaning a special tool is needed to complete any of the procedures.

Check that all links of the chain move freely. Replace the chain if it appears stretched, broken or causes problems when changing gears.

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CHAIN

Inspection and Lubrication

Regular inspection and maintenance of your chain is vital to guard against premature wear. At least monthly, or after riding in wet, muddy or dusty conditions, the chain should be cleaned and lightly oiled. Any excess oil should be removed and care taken to ensure the lubricant does not come into contact with the tires or rim braking surfaces.

Lubrication and Replacement - Cartridge Bottom Bracket

Freeplay cannot be removed from a cartridge bottom bracket. It is a sealed unit and is designed to be replaced as an entire unit when it is worn out. Once the cranks have been removed a speciﬁ c extraction tool is required to remove the cartridge bottom bracket. Consult your specialist bicycle dealer for further advice regarding this process.

• Ride on the right side of the road and never against the trafﬁ c.

• Take extra care when attempting to overtake other vehicles and at intersections.

• Indicate intended actions, such as turning or stopping, by using appropriate hand signals.

• Ride predictably and in a straight line.

• Always ride defensively. You may be difﬁ cult to see to other road users.

• Closely observe the riding terrain. Avoid obstacles such as pot holes, gravel, wet road markings, oil, curbs, speed humps and drain grates.

• Be alert. Watch for such things as motorists opening doors or backing out of concealed driveways.

• Sound your bell for a warning when required.

• Train and tram tracks should be crossed at a 90 degree and preferably walk your bicycle over.

• Know how your bicycle operates. Practice braking, gear shifts and if ﬁ tted, using toe clips and straps.

• Always apply the rear brake ﬁ rst, then the front when braking. The front brake is more potent and if it is not used properly you may lose control and fall.

• Allow reasonable space between yourself and other vehicles and objects when riding and stopping. Take note of weather conditions and its possible impact on safe braking distances. e.g.. Wet riding surfaces increase braking distances.

• Use leg clips or elastic bands if you are wearing loose trousers to stop them catching in the chain.

• Ensure your vision or control of the bicycle is not obstructed by any items you may be transporting.

• Do not use items that may impede your hearing. e.g. headphones

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Wet Weather

• Ride more cautiously in wet weather. Avoid sudden braking, slow overall riding pace and approach corners more carefully.

• Brake sooner, stopping distance increases in wet conditions.

• Remember pot holes and slippery surfaces such as line markings and tram tracks all become more hazardous in the wet. Try to avoid where possible.

• Cornering traction will also be reduced in wet weather.

Night Riding

• Wear reﬂ ective and light colored clothing.

• Reﬂ ectors should be ﬁ tted correctly to the bicycle and clearly visible. Riding in the dark should never be undertaken without fully operational front and rear bicycle lights. The use of bicycle lights is mandatory for night riding in most Australian States.

• Attach a fully operational lighting set. Lights should have a white front lamp and a red rear lamp.

• Use a ﬂ ashing rear light to improve visibility.

• Charge batteries if battery powered lights are to be used. Check wiring connections for dynamo powered lights.

• Avoid riding at night if possible. If not, slow down and opt for familiar roads with street lighting when able

On Road Off Road

• The melon slice is designed for on road riding. Extra care should be taken when riding on dirt or gravel surfaces.

Three Piece Crank Replacement

1. Place the crank arm onto the axle.

2. Use a soft mallet to gently tap the crank arm.

3. Reattach the washer and secure the ﬂ ange nut or bolt securely to a torque of 27Nm.

4. Replace the dust cover.

After ﬁ tting new three piece cranks some additional maintenance is required as components can become loose with use. The following adjustments should be made after several hours of riding, and repeated two or three times after further use. There after the cranks should remain secure.

1. Remove the dust cap.

2. Gently tap the crank arm with a mallet.

3. Re-tighten the ﬂ ange nuts, and reﬁ t the dust caps.

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Lubrication and Adjustment – Three Piece Cranks (Cotterless Cranks)

To adjust:

• Turn the lockring on the left side anti-clockwise.

• Turn the adjusting cup until appropriately set.

• Carefully re-fasten the lockring without disturbing the cup adjustment.

To disassemble:

1. Remove the cranks from the axle.

2. Turn the left side lockring anti-clockwise and remove.

3. Turn the adjusting cup anti-clockwise and remove.

4. Remove the left ball retainer and slide the axle out of the frame to the left.

5. Turn the right side ﬁ xed cup anti-clockwise and remove, as well as the right ball retainer.

Once the crank is dismantled clean all bearing surfaces and the ball retainers and check for wear. Replace any damaged parts and pack grease into the ball bearing retainers. Reassemble the crank in the reverse order of the procedure listed above.

Three Piece Crank Removal

To remove Cotterless cranks you will need to use a speciﬁ c removing tool. Follow the outline below to guide you through the process.

1. Use a coin or a screwdriver to remove the dust cap.

2. Remove the ﬂ ange nut or bolt and washer after loosening.

3. Attach the removing tool into the crank and tighten.

4. Turn the screw bolt until the crank comes away from the axle.

Pedaling Technique

• Place the ball of your foot on the centre of the pedal.

• Ensure your knees are parallel to the bicycle frame when pedaling.

• Keep your elbows slightly bent. This will help to absorb shock.

• Learn how to use the gears correctly

Hill Technique

• Prior to a climb, gear down and continue gearing down as necessary in order to sustain pedaling speed.

• By standing up on your pedals you will be able to generate greater power from each turn of the pedal. This is useful if you are straining and are using the lowest gear.

• Use the high gears on a descent to prevent rapid pedaling.

• Take extra care when descending. Do not exceed a comfortable speed and maintain control.

Cornering Technique

• Before entering a corner brake slightly and begin to lean your body into the corner.

• The inside pedal should be held at the 12 o’clock position and the inside knee angled slightly in the direction you are turning. The other leg should be kept straight.

• Avoid pedaling through fast or tight corners.

As suggested by the Consumer Affairs Department riding bicycles with small wheel diameter at excessive speeds can lead to instability and is therefore not recommended.

CAUTION:

When riding downhill never take your hands off the handlebars, or feet off the pedals

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OPERATING GEARS AND BRAKES

Derailleur Gears

Derailleur gears are the most common type of gear systems used on bicycles. They are the changing mechanism used to move the drive chain up and down a series of cogs or sprockets (the cluster or cassette stack) at the rear of the bicycle and across the chainwheel at the front of the bike (if ﬁ tted). Multispeed bicycles today can range form 5-6 gears to as many as 30. Rear derailleurs are ﬁ tted to all multispeed bicycles while front derailleurs are only present on those bicycles with the higher number of gears. Gears enable the cyclist to select the most appropriate pedaling resistance best suited for the riding conditions. The more gears ﬁ tted to the bicycle the greater choice available to the rider.

Operating Principles

Although the number of gears present on multispeed bicycles varies greatly, how the gears function remains the same. The right shifter works the rear derailleur and the left shifter works the front derailleur. If the pedals are stationary or rotating backwards, gears cannot be changed. They can only be altered when pedaling forward. To achieve a successful gear change, either moving up or down in gears, the pedaling pressure must be relaxed. Failure to ease the pressure when changing gears may result in bicycle damage or could even cause the rider to lose control. If a rubbing sound is detected after attempting to alter gears, adjust the shifter until the sound ceases. Generally the lower gears are for ascending hills and the higher gears are for descending.

WARNING:

Never attempt to force a pedal into a different sized bicycle crank.

CRANK SET

Inspection and Maintenance

Every month the crank set should be checked to ensure that it is properly adjusted. For Three Piece Cranks:

• Check that the crank axle nuts are tight.

• Adjust the bottom bracket bearings as necessary.

• Remove the chain and test for crank movement on the axle by attempting to move the cranks from side to side with your hands. Only very slight movement in the bottom bracket should be noted.

• Rotate the cranks. Adjust and oil if they do not spin freely or a grinding noise is detected.

• Check the chainrings for any broken teeth, and clean off any excess dirt and grease.

CAUTION:

Always ensure that your Three Piece cranks are ﬁ rmly secured before riding. Riding with loose cranks is potentially hazardous to both the rider and condition of the crank arms.

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Attachment

Each pair of pedals has a speciﬁ c right and left pedal. It is important that a pedal is never forced into the incorrect crank arm as the thread is different for the two pedal sides. The right pedal, as indicated by the “R” stamped on the end of the axle, screws into the crank on the chainwheel side of the bicycle in a clockwise direction. The left pedal is marked with an “L” on the axle, and it is attached to the other side in an anti-clockwise direction.

To attach, place the pedals into the correct crank arm and wind on by hand as tightly as possible in the appropriate direction. Use a 15mm wrench to fasten more securely. Removing a pedal is the reverse process of attaching. The right pedals needs to be turned anti-clockwise and the left, clockwise.

Before ﬁ tting any new pedals ensure that the axle thread size is compatible with the cranks on your bicycle. The two types of cranks available each have different axle threads. Cranks that are a one piece design have no separate axle and are compatible with pedals that have a 1/2” thread. Three piece crank sets with a separate left and right crank use a slightly larger 9/16” thread.

Hand Grip Shifters

Hand grip shifters are built into the hand grip and attach to the handlebars. Unlike other types of shifting mechanisms the hand grip shifters mean you do not need to change your hand position to select different gears. The rider just simply twists forwards or backwards dependent upon their gear selection. By twisting the right shifter toward you, a lower gear is chosen as a larger rear cog is selected. Twisting this shifter away from you has the opposite effect; a higher gear is selected as a smaller rear cog is engaged. Turning the left shifter forward or away from you activates a smaller, front chainwheel, and a larger, front chainwheel is engaged by twisting it backwards. The number of gear changes to occur at any one time corresponds with how many turns are made of the shifter.

Brakes

V-brakes are activated by pulling of the brake hand levers located on the bike’s handlebars. The right brake lever activates the rear brake and the left hand lever activates the front brake. Always apply the rear brake ﬁ rst and then slowly add pressure to the front brake.

WARNING:

Applying the front brake ﬁ rst or with a disproportionate amount of pressure can cause the bike rider to ﬂ ip over the front wheel.

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BICYCLE ASSEMBLY AND TUNING

You will need the following tools for the assembly and maintenance of your melon:

Before you unpack your new melon, make sure to keep the box in the upright position. Open the box from the top.

Assembly Instructions:

14 mm wrench 15mm wrench Philips screwdriver Hex allen wrenches: 2mm,2.5mm,5mm, and 6mm Needle nose pliers Tire pump

Inspection

Every month the pedals should be inspected. Check that:

• Pedals are securely fastened into the cranks. Loose pedals are a potential hazard for both the rider and the integrity of the cranks.

• Pedal bearings are adjusted correctly. Alter, grease or replace if any roughness or looseness is detected in the pedal bearings when the pedals are moved up and down, laterally or rotated by hand.

• The front and rear pedal reﬂ ectors are clean and ﬁ rmly attached.

• If toe clips are ﬁ tted, ensure that they are fastened tightly to the pedals.

Lubrication and Adjustment

The maintenance your pedals need will depend upon whether or not they can be disassembled to enable access to the internal bearings and axle. If they cannot be disassembled, every six months a small amount of oil should be injected onto the inside bearings of pedals. Pedals that can be fully disassembled should have the bearings removed, cleaned and greased every six to twelve months. However, due to the complexity of this task it is recommended that it be completed by a professional bicycle mechanic.

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DRIVETRAIN

The drivetrain consists of the pedals, chain, chainwheel, crank set, and freewheel. These are all the components of the bicycle that transmit power to the rear wheel.

Pedals

There is a vast range of pedals available, designed for many different uses. Pedals ﬁ tted with toe clips and straps aim to make the pedaling process easier for the rider. The toe clips and straps ensure the cyclist’s feet stay correctly positioned and cause a pulling force, as well as a downward pressure, to be generated on the pedals. To get the full beneﬁ t of these pedals it is recommended that the rider wear cycling shoes especially designed for use with toe clips. Consult your bicycle dealer for instruction on how toe clips and straps operate.

WARNING:

Pedals ﬁ tted with toe clips and straps require a certain level of skill to operate safely. Riders should repeatedly practice using such pedals in areas free from trafﬁ c, hazards or obstacles, until operation becomes a reﬂ ex action. Failure to do so could result in the cyclist losing control of the bicycle and falling. It is also recommended that the straps be kept loose initially and gradually tightened as the rider’s skill in using the pedals increases. However, toe straps should never be tight when riding in trafﬁ c.

You will ﬁ nd three pieces inside: the bike, the front tire, and a box with pedals and reﬂ ectors.

Cut the plastic ties holding the seat post to the frame and the piece of foam to the stem joint.

Remove the foam wrap and cardboard from the bikes frame. Take off the plastic guards around the top of the seat tube, both sides of the rear axle, and the bottom of the front fork.

Spread some grease around the bottom outside of the seat tube. Insert the seat post into the seat tube and tighten the quick release lever.

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Raise the stem and tighten it in place by turning the stem joint.

Release the front brake and slide the front tire into position. Loosen the bolts on either side of the front wheel axle and push the axle into the top of the fork slots ﬁ rmly. At the same time, you will need to make sure that the wheel is properly centered in the fork. When you think you have got it right, tighten the axle nuts with a 15mm wrench (turn clockwise on both sides). Spin the wheel to make sure that it is properly centered in the fork and does not wobble. If the wheel is not centered, loosen the nuts and try again. Re-attach the front brake when ﬁ nished.

Brake Shoe Replacement

Check your brakes shoes monthly for any indication of wear. If the pads are worn past the “wear line” indication (See diagram), the brake shoes need to be replaced. Always replace the brake shoes in pairs – never one side only.

For replacement, disconnect the holding mechanism speciﬁ c to your brake type -i.e. a hexagonal nut or an Allen screw arrangement, or a combination of both. Remove the worn brake shoes paying careful attention to the order and position in which the various curved washers and spacers are attached. Fit the new brake shoes, and tune the angle and the clearance to the rim as required. Typically, before the rim clearance can be adjusted the control cable anchor bolt needs to be loosened and then the cable adjusters fasten and the cable tensioned. (Refer to the Installation/ Adjustment section relevant to your brake type for detailed instructions.) Once the adjustments are complete, securely fasten the brake shoes in place and test that the brakes are functioning correctly. Do not ride the bicycle until the brakes are working effectively.

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Brake Inspection

The brake levers and the brake pads are the two main components that need to be checked to ensure your brakes are functioning effectively. Positioning of the brake levers should be checked to ensure they can be easily reached by the rider’s hands and alterations made as necessary. Some brake levers have a screw adjuster to change the distance between the lever and the handlebar grip. This should be checked for tightness every three months. Similarly, at least every three months the brake levers should be tested to ensure they do not move on the handlebars and each brake lever moves freely when compressed.

Prior to every ride inspection of the brake pads is recommended. The brake pads must be centered, with approximately 1.5mm – 2mm clearance between each pad and the rim when the brakes are not in use. Test that when the brakes are applied that the brake pads squeeze the rims sufﬁ ciently to stop the bike. Replace the brake pads if the grooves or pattern has worn away from the surface. Ensure that the brake pads are ﬁ rmly secured before every ride and at least every three months check the tightness of the numerous bolts and nuts supporting the brake pads.

Check the positioning of the handlebars. The sweep (handlebar curve towards the seat) should be coming straight back, not upwards or downwards-unless you like it that way? To adjust the angle of the handle bars, loosen the (2) 5mm adjustors at the top of the stem. To adjust the angle of the (2) brake levers; loosen the 5 mm adjustor under each lever. To adjust the angle of the SRAM grip shift indicator, loosen the 2.5mm adjustor.

Install the pedals into the crank. Each pedal is labeled for left or right side (R,L) on the end of their bolts. Use a 15mm wrench to ﬁ rmly tighten the pedals by moving the wrench toward the front of the bike on both sides.

Page 18

Inﬂ ate the tires to 50-55 psi (tires have schraeder valves). Adjust the saddle height and positioning. Attach the white reﬂ ector to the handlebars and the (2) yellow reﬂ ectors to the spokes of each wheel. The red reﬂ ector has a mounting bracket which snaps onto the reﬂ ector at one end and bolts to the cross frame piece just above the rear tire (please see the mounting hole in this frame piece) on the other end. Proceed to our tuning section to ﬁ ne tune the performance of your melon bicycle.

The brake pads should be 1/16-1/8" away from the rim (closer for faster stops, furtheraway for slower, more controlled stops).Tighten the screw on the side of the brakehousing clockwise to increase the distance and loosen the screw counterclockwise toshorten the distance.

Brakes

BRAKES

For safe riding it is crucial that your bicycle’s brakes function correctly. With use the bicycle’s brake pads wear and the control cables stretch. Consequently, prior to every ride the brakes should be inspected and adjusted as necessary to ensure proper operation.

WARNING:

A bicycle should never be ridden unless the brakes are working correctly. Take care when using the front brake. Applying it abruptly or excessively may throw the rider over the handlebars, potentially causing serious injury or death.

Page 19

Lubrication and Attachment of An ‘Ahead Set Stem To The Fork Diagram:

The brake pads should be lined up on the rim when the brake levers are pulled. They should not make contact with the tire or be positioned too far towards the center of the wheel. Loosen the 5mm adjustor on the outside of the brakes to reposition the pads.

Adjust the response of the brakes by loosening the locking wheel and then loosening or tightening the barrel adjustor (counterclockwise increases cable tension, clockwise reduces cable tension). When the response is what you want, tighten the locking wheel back in place. If greater adjustment is needed, loosen the adjustor that holds the brake cable on one side of the brakes. Move the cable in or out and tighten the screw again.

Page 20

Have someone hold the rear wheel in the air (or hang the seat from something) so that you can move the pedals freely with your hand. Move the grip shifter to gear position 1 and apply gentle pressure with the shifter to see if the chain will move off the largest sprocket towards the spokes. If the chain moves towards the spokes at all, tighten (clockwise) the bottom screw (marked L) on the back of the rear derailleur until the chain remains ﬁ rmly on the sprocket. Do the same thing with the shifter in position 8 and the chain on the smallest rear sprocket. If the chain moves towards the bicycle's frame at all, tighten (clockwise) the top screw (marked H) on the back of the rear derailleur until the chain remains ﬁ rmly on the sprocket.

Gears

Move the grip shift through the gears and make sure the shifting is crisp and responsive.

Lubrication and Attachment of An 'Ahead Set' Stem To The Fork

1. Every year your bicycle should have a complete lubrication. This can be quite a complex task and may be best handled by a professional bicycle mechanic. However, if you feel capable the following procedure will guide you.

2. Suspend the bicycle so that the front wheel is off the ground.

3. Take the handlebar assembly from the steering tube.

4. Loosen and remove the compression bolt, the top cap assembly and then the stem clamp bolts.

5. Remove the headset wedge whilst supporting the forks with one hand, then remove the dust cover upper ball retainer.

6. Pull the forks out of the frame and remove the lower ball retainer.

7. Thoroughly clean and check each part of the headset for damage.

8. Replace if necessary. (See your dealer to replace the headset).

9. Grease both the head set cups. To work grease into the lower head cup re-ﬁ t a ball retainer into it. Re-attach the forks.

10. Install a bearing retainer into the bearing race and pack it with grease. Push the screw cup down onto the fork steerer and into position then re-ﬁ t the bearing dust cover/bearing race / headset wedge and spacer.

11. Alter the upper cup by hand until no movement can be detected in the forks.

12. Firmly tighten the stem clamp bolts, then replace and secure the handlebar assembly.

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HEADSET

Headset Inspection:

The headset is responsible for locking the fork into the frame. Every month the headset bearing adjustment should be tested. This is done by standing astride the frame top tube with both feet on the ground and ﬁ rmly applying the front brake and rocking the bicycle back and forward. If the headset is loose, it needs to be tightened to avoid potential damage to both the bicycle and the rider. However, do not over-tighten. If the fork tends to stick or bind at any point when rotated slowly sideways, the bearings are too tight.

‘Ahead Set’ Type Assemblies

When assembling a new bike with this type of ﬁ tting, the dust cap covering the Allen head bolt needs to be removed and the bolt holding the top plug undone. Remove the cardboard cover. Slip the handlebar stem over the exposed fork steerer and replace the top plug. The handlebars and the forks need to be facing the front. Using the Allen head centre bolt, secure the steering assembly until there is no freeplay. Take care not to over tighten. Tighten up the binder bolts which clamp the handlebar stem to the fork steerer. Ensure the handlebar stem cannot turn in the steerer tube.

To adjust the headset after the bicycle is assembled:

• Loosen the stem binder bolts.

• Use the Allen bolt to re-adjust the compression mechanism.

• Re-fasten the stem binder bolt ﬁ rmly.

Unlike standard headsets, the 'Ahead Set' has an unthreaded, full-thickness bicycle fork steering tube. Adjustments are made using an Allen headed compression bolt, and then are fastened by clamping the handlebar stem directly onto the fork steerer.

If the gears are not shifting smoothly, the cable tension needs to be increased by turning the derailleur barrel adjustor r the shifter barrel adjustor counterclockwise. If the gears over-shift into the next highest gear, the cable tension needs to be decreased by turning one or both of the barrel adjustors clockwise. If these adjustments do not provide enough of the needed change, you may adjust the cable tension by loosening the Smm adjustor at the bottom of the Shimano Sora derailleur. Move the cable in or out and tighten the screw again.

Lubricate your chain on a regular basis.

Page 22

Follow these instructions for the proper folding of the Melon Slice bicycle.

Folding Instructions

1. Fold up two pedals.

2. Unscrew the stem joint swivel. Twirl it around with one

ﬁ nger-it works the fastest.

3. Fold the handlebars down

alongside the front tire. Be careful not to catch the cables in the brake lever.

4. Lift the folding latch, swing it

out, and lift it up. You will hear a click when it realeses.

Tire Valves

Bicycles primarily use either Schraeder™ or Presta tire valves. To inﬂ ate tires the pump needs to be ﬁ tted with the appropriate attachment speciﬁ c to the valve stem.

The Schraeder™ valve is the most commonly used tire valve. It is also known as the car or the American valve. Tires ﬁ tted with Schraeder™ valves can be inﬂ ated using either a hand pump or a service station pump, as it is the same valve used on cars. Inﬂ ation involves removing the valve dust cap, then screwing or pushing on the pump connector o the end of the valve stem and inﬂ ating. By depressing the pin in the end of the valve stem the tire can be deﬂ ated.

The Presta valve is also referred to as the French or high pressure valve. In order to inﬂ ate tires equipped with this valve, the pump needs to have a special ﬁ tting attached to accommodate the valve’s narrower proﬁ le. The service station pump can be used if an adapter is screwed onto the valve stem. Inﬂ ation involves removing the dust cap, unscrewing the valve stem locknut, freeing the valve stem by pushing down on it, then ﬁ tting the pump head and inﬂ ating. Deﬂ ation is achieved by opening the valve stem locknut and depressing the valve stem.

Note: The valve dust cap should always be replaced in order to prevent dirt entering and damaging the valve.

Using a service station pump to inﬂ ate tires is not encouraged as tires may blow out if sudden over inﬂ ation occurs.

Page 23

How To Repair A Flat Tire (cont’d)

1. Partially inﬂ ate the tube with a hand pump until it starts to take shape.

2. Taking care not to twist the valve stem, place it through the hole in the rim and work the tube into the tire.

3. Starting either side of the valve use your hands to remount the other side of the tire by pushing the edge toward the centre of the rim. Work around the rim until the tire is almost completely remounted.

4. Push the valve up into the rim and ensure that the tire sits properly in position.

5. Remount the remainder of the tire by using your thumbs to roll the last, most difﬁ cult, part on.

6. Note: Do not use tire levers as these can easily puncture the tube or damage the tire.

7. Ensure that the tube is completely free of the rim and the tire bead at all points.

8. Inﬂ ate the tube with a hand pump until the tire begins to take shape, ensuring the tire bead sits evenly around the entire rim. Fully inﬂ ate the tire to the pressure marked on the sidewall when properly positioned. Check pressure with a tire air pressure gauge.

9. Replace the wheel into the frame and adjust gears, brakes and quick release levers as necessary.

5. Guide the handlebars through the frame as you fold the bike in half.

6. Lower the seat post all the way down so that the saddle is at its lowest point. Use the bottom of the seat post as a support foot for the slice when in the folded position.

7. Carry the folded slice with the saddle on the opposite side of the bike from your body. The saddle makes for a great handle. You may also purchase a carrying bag available separately.

Page 24

WARNING:

Proper assembly and maintenance of your bicycle is your responsibility. Riding a bicycle that is improperly assembled or maintained can result in serious injury or even death.

CAUTIONS

Riding with an improperly tightened wheel can allow the wheel to disengage from the bicycle.

An improperly tightened handle bar clamp may compromise the steering action of your bicycle. After making adjustments, always put the front wheel of the bike between your legs and attempt to twist the handlebar/ stem assembly before riding. This action ensures everything has been properly tightened.

Improperly tightened pedals can work loose and even fall off.

Riding with an improperly tightened seat post can allow the saddle to turn or move dramatically.

Do not fail to install the reﬂ ectors on your bicycle. They are an important part of your bike's safety system.

Like any mechanical device, a bicycle and its components are subject to wear and stress. Component's have life cycles. Please check your bicycle and its components on a regular basis for signs of wear or damage. Product life is often related to the type of riding that you do and to the way that you treat your bicycle. Please take care of your bicycle and use your good judgment in riding.

Please consider the following:

How To Repair A Flat Tire

There comes a time when most cyclists will need to repair a ﬂ at tire. Use the following steps to guide you through the process:

1. Take the wheel off the bicycle.

2. Using the valve, entirely deﬂ ate the tire.

3. Push the tire bead inwards around the whole rim to loosen.

4. Using tire levers only (to avoid damaging the rim), prise one side of the tire bead up over the edge of the rim.

5. Leave the tire on the rim and remove the tube.

6. Replace or repair the tube. Note: The replacement tube size needs to correspond with the size detailed on the sidewall of the tire and the valve type needs to be suitable for your bicycle. Refer to the instructions in your tire repair kit to successfully patch a tube.

7. To determine the possible cause of the leak, match the position of the puncture in the tube in relation to the tire and mark the location on the tire.

8. Remove the tire completely from the rim and examine, removing any foreign objects noted, eg. glass or a nail. Also inspect the inside of the rim for other potential causes, such as protruding spokes. Replace the rim tape covering the spoke ends, if damaged.

9. Remount the side of the tire onto the rim.

Page 25

Hub Lubrication

At least once a year your wheel bearings need to be disassembled and re-greased. Riding in very muddy or wet conditions will mean more frequent servicing. Due to the complexity of the task you may prefer to have a professional bicycle mechanic perform the disassembly. However, if you feel capable the process is listed below:

1. Take the wheel out of the frame.

2. Remove the axle nut, cone lock nut, and the bearing cone from one side of the hub axle.

3. Remove the axle, complete with the cone and lock nut, from the other side of the hub.

4. If your bicycle is ﬁ tted with dust caps, carefully remove them from both sides of the hub to expose the ball bearings.

5. If ball bearings and ball retainers are present, carefully remove these from both sides of the hub.

6. Remove the freewheel on rear hubs with screw on type freewheels before disassembling the axle. (You will need to use a special tool to do this.)

7. Clean all the hub components thoroughly and check for damage, especially looking for pits or grazes in the bearing surfaces and cones, and damaged ball bearings. Replace if required.

8. Insert grease into each clean or new ball bearing and into the inner cups of the hub, and reﬁ t.

9. Re-assemble the hub axle in reverse sequence to disassembling, taking care to properly re-adjust the bearing cones.

BICYCLE CARE

BASIC MAINTENANCE

To keep your bicycle in prime condition follow the recommendations below:

Painted frames should be dusted and any loose dirt dislodged with a dry cloth. Clean by wiping with a damp cloth soaked in a mild detergent mixture. Use a cloth to dry and polish with car or furniture wax. Plastic parts and rubber tires should be cleaned with soap and water. Wipe a rust preventative ﬂ uid over chrome plated bikes. All moving parts should be habitually cleaned and lubricated, and components secured and adjusted as needed. Apply touch up paint or clear nail varnish to any areas where the paint has become scratched or clipped to the metal. This will help prevent rusting. The potential for rusting is limited by the use of alloy components and B.E.D (black electronic deposit) treated steel rims.

To avoid rapid bearing deterioration the hub and bottom bracket bearings need to be removed and re-greased if the bicycle has been submerged in water. Avoid cycling in the rain or exposure to corrosive materials, such as the salt from riding on the beach, as much as possible. If unavoidable, wash and dry your bicycle often and wipe or spray all unpainted parts with an anti-rust treatment. Dry the wheel rims so braking performance is not hindered.

Page 26

Storage

Protect your bicycle from the elements by storing it in a dry, shady location. Prolonged ultra violet light exposure may cause the paint to fade or the rubber and plastic parts to crack. The bicycle should be cleaned, lubricated and the frame waxed if it is to be stored for any length of time. Deﬂ ate the tires to half pressure and hang the bicycle off the ground. Store away from electric motors as ozone emissions may damage the rubber and paint. Do not cover with plastic as rusting may occur due to “sweating.”

Security

In an attempt to prevent your bicycle from being stolen the following precautions should be undertaken.

1. Take note of the bicycle serial number, generally located underneath the bottom bracket of the frame.

2. Register the bicycle with the manufacturer/distributor and local police

3. If your bicycle is left unattended, always secure it to an immovable object, such as a lamp post. Use a high quality bicycle lock that will resist hack saws and bolt cutters.

Regular and proper upkeep of your new bike means:

• Smooth Running

• Longer lasting components

• Safer Riding

• Cost savings

•

Routine bicycle maintenance is an essential component of riding. The condition of your bicycle changes every time it is used, meaning more frequent maintenance is necessary the more you ride your bicycle. The tables listed below outline the recommendations for servicing your bicycle. By referring to these you should be able to complete most of your bicycle maintenance yourself. Contact your specialist bicycle dealer if you require further assistance.

Hub Bearing Adjustment

The hub bearings of both wheels should be inspected for side movement. Adjustment is required if there is any more than slight lateral movement.

To adjust:

1. Remove the wheel from the bicycle.

2. Use a ﬂ at, open ended cone spanner to hold the adjusting cone of the hub and simultaneously loosen the hub’s locknut on the same side.

3. Turn the adjusting cone as required until there is minimal side play, and before binding of the bearings occurs.

4. Hold the adjusting cone in position and secure the locknut.

5. Test that the wheel spins freely without excessive lateral movement, or binding on the bearings.

Page 27

Rear Wheel Replacement

1. Wheel replacement virtually follows the reverse process to rear wheel removal

2. Hold the rear derailleur spring fully back and feed the top part of the smallest hub cog into the top part of the chain. Fit the wheel into the frame.

3. Ensure the wheel is centered correctly in the frame and then ﬁ rmly secure both axles nuts. To test if the wheel is centered, inspect the distance between the front of the wheel and the frame chainstay tubes on either side.

4. Reset the brake quick release and check the brake pad clearance. If required, adjust the brake cable/pad clearance.

Caution:

Take care to correctly reﬁ t a rear wheel. Failure to do so may be dangerous.

Rear Wheel Removal

1. Open the brake quick release. Undo the brake cable anchor bolt if greater clearance is required.

2. Move the chain onto the smallest rear cog.

3. When the wheel is ﬁ tted with standard axle nuts, loosen them with a 15mm wrench.

4. Hold the derailleur unit and allow the wheel to slide forward out of the frame.

5. Rest the bike upside down on the handlebars and saddle. After wheel is removed, do not rest bike on rear derailleur, as it may be damaged or misaligned as a result.

Frequency Component Lubricate How to Lubricate

Weekly Chain chain lube or

light oil

brush on or squirt

Derailleur

wheels

lube or light oil brush on or squirt

Derailleurs oil oil can

Brake callipers oil drops from oil can

Brake levers oil 2 drops from oil

can

Monthly Shift levers lithium based

grease

disassemble

Brake cable

ends

oil 1 drop from oil

can

Bi-Annual Hubs lithium based

grease

disassemble

Bottom bracket lithium based

grease

disassemble

Pedals lithium based

grease

disassemble

Brake cables lithium based

grease

disassemble

Derailleur

cables

lithium based

grease

disassemble

Yearly Wheels bear-

ings

lithium based

grease

disassemble

Headset lithium based

grease

disassemble

Seat pillar lithium based

grease

disassemble

Schedule 1 - Lubrication

Note: Increase the regularity of maintenance the more you

ride and use in wet or dusty conditions. Take care not to over lubricate – excess lubricant should be removed to prohibit dirt build up.

Page 28

WARNING:

Always seek expert advice for any maintenance requirements you feel unable to complete. You run the risk of potentially damaging your bicycle or yourself from falling if your bike is not correctly serviced or adjusted.

WARNING:

All components of the bicycle are subjected to wear and stress through use. Watch closely for any scratches, cracks or discoloration on your bicycle components. These are signs of a stress-caused fatigue and indicate that a part needs to be replaced. Failure to replace can cause the component to suddenly fail when riding, which may result in serious injury or even death.

Front Wheel Removal

1. Open the brake quick release. You may need to undo the brake cable anchor bolt if more clearance is required.

2. Use a 15mm wrench to loosen both axle nuts.

3. Remove the wheel.

Front Wheel Replacement

1. Guide the wheel into the frame ensuring that the axle ﬁ ts well up against the fork slots. The fork

2. legs may need to be slightly prised apart.

3. Firmly fasten both axle nuts.

4. Re-set the brake quick-release and inspect the brake pad clearance. If able, adjust the brake cable/pad clearance.

Page 29

Recommended Tire Pressures:

Tire pressure directly inﬂ uences the performance of a tire on different surfaces and in varying weather conditions. Recommended tire pressure is given either as maximum pressure or as a pressure range.

For riding on smooth, slick terrain such as hard-packed clay and on deep, loose surfaces such as deep, dry sand, tires should be inﬂ ated to lower pressures, at the bottom of the recommended pressure range. This helps to cushion the rider against the impact.

Using high pressures, at the top of the recommended pressure range enables a faster but rougher ride. These pressures are ideal for riding on a smooth, dry pavement.

Failure to sufﬁ ciently inﬂ ate the tires according to the rider’s weight and intended use can cause the tube to puncture. Tires should be inﬂ ated to the recommended pressure molded on the sidewall of the bicycle’s tires.

Caution:

Service station pumps and pencil type automotive tire gauges should not be relied upon for consistent, accurate readings. A good quality dial gauge should be used as it is far more accurate and reliable.

Frequency

Task

Before every ride Check tire pressure

Check brake operation

Check wheels for loose spokes

Make sure nothing is loose

After every ride Quick wipe down with damp cloth

Weekly Lubrication as per schedule

Monthly Lubrication as per schedule

Check derailleur adjustment

Check brake adjustment

Check brake and gear cable adjustment

Check tire wear and pressure

Check wheels are true and spokes tight

Check hub,head set and crank bearing for

looseness

Check pedals are tight

Check handlebars are tight

Check seat and seat posts are tight and

compfortablly adjusted

Check all nuts and bolts are tight

Bi-annual Lubrication as per schedule

Check all points as per monthly service

Check and replace brake pads if required

Check chain for excessive play or wear

Yearly Lubrication as per schedule

Schedule 2 - Service Checklist

Page 30

Axle nuts: Caution: Do not ride the bicycle without ﬁ rst ensuring that the axle nuts are tight.

Broken or loose spokes: Caution: Damaged spokes can create severe instability and have the potential to cause an accident for the rider. Before riding ensure that all spokes are present, intact and are taut. Spoke repairs can be difﬁ cult and are best undertaken by a professional bicycle mechanic.

Loose hub bearings: Caution: Do not ride your bicycle if the hub bearings are loose or damaged. Check the hubs by moving the wheel from side to side. If movement is detected adjustments will be needed.

Rims: Brakes can become ineffective if dirt or grease accumulate on the rims. Check that your rims are clean and dry before using. Take care to prevent oil contact on the rim braking surfaces when lubricating your bicycle.

Wheels Inspection

Maintaining your wheels in prime condition is imperative for not only for riding efﬁ ciency and performance, but safety as well. When inspecting your wheels look for the potential hazards listed below.

WHEELS AND TIRES

Tire inspection

As tires are the rider’s only contact with the road, correct tire maintenance is crucial for stability and safety. Consider the following when inspecting your tires:

Tread: Check the tread for signs of excessive wear or ﬂ at spots, and cuts or damage.

Caution: Riding on excessively worn or damaged tires may be hazardous so tires should be replaced.

Inﬂ ation: Maintain tire pressure at the level recommended

on the tire sidewalls. Preferably use a tire gauge and a hand pump to inﬂ ate rather than a service station pump.

Caution: Using a service station pump for inﬂ ation can lead to sudden over inﬂ ation, potentially resulting in a blow out.

Valves: A ﬂ at tire is not only inconvenient but potentially

dangerous. To minimize the likelihood of a ﬂ at tire from air leaking from a valve, ensure valve caps are ﬁ tted and that valves are clean.

Bead setting: Ensure the bead is correctly ﬁ tted in the rim when inﬂ ating or changing tires.