Megger PAT32 User Manual
M
PAT32 Series
P o rtable Appliance Testers
USER GUIDE
GUIDE DE L’UTILISATEUR
GEBRAUCHSANLEITUNG
SAFETY WARNINGS
✱ PAT 32 must be properly earthed. A supply socket that has a protective earth contact must be used.
✱ Test leads, probes and crocodile clips must be in good order, clean and with no broken or cracked insulation.
✱ Circuit connections and exposed metalwork of an appliance under test must not be touched.
✱ Tests must be performed in the specified sequence. If an appliance fails a test, the fault causing the failure must be
rectified before testing. Re-testing must commence from the start of the sequence.
✱ Replacement fuses must be of the correct size, type and rating. See 'Specification' section.
✱ The instrument must not be used in damp conditions or if any part of it is damaged.
✱ Safety Warnings and Precautions must be read and understood before the instrument is used. They must be observed
during use.
NOTE
THE INSTRUMENT MUST ONLY BE USED BY SUITABLY TRAINED AND COMPETENT PERSONS
.
Symbols used on the instrument
Evaluate display reading against appliance details and refer to this User Guide
Caution: Refer to accompanying notes.
Equipment complies with relevant EU Directives
User Guide
Safety Warnings 2
General Description 4
Features and Controls 6
Test Mode Summary 7
Performing tests – General 9
Appliance Testing 10
Extension lead testing (UK) 14
Specifications 15
Accessories 18
Repair and Warranty 19
Guide de l’utilisateur
Avertissments de Securité 22
Description génerale 23
Dispositifs et Commandes 25
Sommaire de Mode d’essai 23
Exécution des essais – Géneralitiés 26
Mise à l’essai de l’appareil 29
Mise à l’essai de la Rallonge 33
Spécification 34
Accessoires 37
Réparation et Garantie 38
Gebrauchsanleitung
Sicherheitswarnung 42
Allgemeine Beschreibung 43
Funktionen und Steuerelemente 45
Zusammenfassung des Testmodus 46
Durchführung von Tests 48
Testen von Geräte 49
Verlängerrungskabeltest 53
Spezifikation 54
Zubehör 57
Reparaturen und Garantie 58
Contents
3
Introduction
Megger PAT 32 series are designed to check the
electrical safety of any product fitted with an appropriate
mains plug, including information technology (IT)
equipment, domestic appliances, industrial appliances
and power tools.
The following tests are available:
• Circuit check
• Fuse check
• Earth Continuity test
• 10 Amp Earth Bond test
• 25 Amp Earth Bond test
• Insulation test
• Extension lead tests (ELT1 or ELT2
required)
- Polarity (UK only)
- Earth Bond
- Insulation
Tests are effected by plugging the portable appliance or
extension lead into the relevant socket and pressing the
relevant Test switch. The readings from each test are
shown on the unique analogue / digital liquid crystal
display.The measurement scale for Earth Bond is
marked with pass bands. This provides a rapid indication
of a test Pass or Failure and allows proper test results to
be kept.
Applications
Appliances and electrical equipment with Safety Class I,
Class II and Safety Class III insulation may be tested.
These classes of safety are defined in various IEC and
BS safety specifications, and in general are:-
Class I Appliances which have functional
insulation throughout and an
earth connected body i.e. an ‘Earthed‘
appliance.
Class II Appliances which have both functional
and additional insulation, and where
any metal parts cannot become ‘Live’
under fault conditions. This is ‘Double
Insulation’ indicated by .
Class I / II Appliances having part of the
enclosure which meets Class I
requirements and part which meets
Class II.
Class III Appliance where protection against
electric shock is provided by an SELV
supply. Class III construction is
indicated by the mark.
General Description
4
III
Typical uses for Megger PAT 32 are:
• Periodic tests of equipment used in
Factories, Offices, Local Education
Authorities, Hospitals etc.
• Routine tests before and after hiring
electrical equipment.
• Basic tests following equipment repair.
• Tests by manufacturers and distributors.
Specifications
The Megger PAT 32 may be used to test equipment
originally manufactured to a range of specifications such
as:
• IEC 335 -1 / BS3456
• BS 2769
• BS 4533
• BS415
• BS 7002
Power cord
The colour code of the cord is:
Phase Brown
Protective Earth Yellow / Green
Neutral Blue
If using a fused plug, a 3 Amp fuse to BS 1362 should be
fitted.
Note: A plug severed from the power cord should be
destroyed, as a plug with bare conductors is hazardous
in a live socket outlet.
5
Features and Controls
6
Fuse test terminals
110 Volt Socket
to BS4343 /IEC309
230 V Socket
to BS1362
230 V Belgian / French socket
230 V
Circuit Test switch
10 A Earth Bond Test switch
25 A Earth Bond Test switch
Insulation Test switch
Earth Bond Test
Earth Continuity Test terminal
Analogue / Digital LCD
Test Sequence
For safety reasons, it is important that appliance tests
are carried out in the correct sequence:-
• Circuit Test
• Fuse Test (if necessary)
• Earth Continuity Test
and / or
• Earth Bond Test
• Insulation Test
If a fault on an appliance is detected, testing must be
stopped and the fault rectified. Testing must then recommence from the beginning of the test sequence.
Circuit Test
A low voltage d.c. Resistance test of the Phase to
Neutral circuit.
FuseTest (if supply or appliance fuse is suspect)
Checks the continuity of most types of fuses when
removed from the appliance.
Earth Continuity Test
The earth continuity test may only be performed on
Class I (Earthed) appliances.The test checks protective
conductor continuity and the earth connection to the
metal parts of the appliance at a current of 100 mA.
This test is used where a higher current Earth Bond test
may cause damage to the appliance. Avery low voltage
(100 mV) is established between the main supply plug
earth pin and the metal parts of the appliance. The low
voltage of this test is designed to reveal bad connections
by not breaking down any oxide films.
Earth Bond Test
The Earth Bond test may only be carried out on Class I
(earthed) appliances.
The test checks protective conductor continuity and the
earth connection (or Bonding) to the metal parts of the
appliance. Avery low voltage is established between the
main supply plug earth pin and the metal parts of the
appliance.
A choice of two Earth Bond tests is available:i) Passing a current of 10 Amp. Used for
appliances and equipment fused at 5 Amp or
less.
ii) Passing a current of 25 Amp. Used for
equipment fused at greater than 5 Amp.
Test Mode Summary
7
Insulation Test
Checks the integrity of the insulation. For class I
appliances, the test voltage is applied to the main supply
plug between Phase and Neutral (shorted together) and
the Earth pin, which is held at earth potential.
For Class II appliances, the Earth Bond lead is used to
make the return connection from the appliance to the
instrument earth bond terminal.
The PAT 32 develops 500 V d.c. into 0.5 MΩ and
complies with the 1mA load current requirement.
Caution:- If an Insulation test fails, there will be a
leakage path to earth somewhere on the appliance.
Any metal parts of the appliance could become ‘Live’
and give the user an electric shock. Do not touch
the appliance when applying the test.
Extension Lead Test
Using the Megger ELT1 or ELT2 optional accessory,
the PAT 32 checks Continuity, Earth Bond and Insulation
of both 230 V and 110 V extension leads. (110 V adaptor
required). ELT1 (UK version) also checks the Polarity of
the extension lead connections.
Error displays
Internal faults within the instrument are indicated by error
messages consisting of the letter ‘ ‘ followed by a 2 digit
number. Continuous testing on the Earth bond ranges
may cause the display of , and the analogue pointer
to move off the left hand end of the scale. Cease testing
and allow the instrument to cool for about 15 minutes.
If any error message displays, and the instrument will not
re-set itself, return the instrument for service. See Repair
and Warranty.
Test Mode Summary
8
Appliance Visual Checks
Before carrying out PAT32 electrical tests, the appliance
and its accessories must be given a visual inspection to
identify any physical faults that may not be revealed by
electrical testing.
Visually examine and check the condition of the:-
• Supply plug
• Plug fuse type and rating (if applicable)
• Mains cord
• Cord connection grommet (if applicable)
• Mains On /Off switch
• Auxiliary switches
• Conducting / Insulated parts of the outer case
• Removable covers which must be in place.
Any significant faults or defects must be rectified before
proceeding with the PAT 32 electrical tests.
Auto Nulling and Self check
When not being operated, PAT 32 will periodically carry
out measurement nulling. The word is displayed.
Press any Test switch to override this function.
A self check function is also continuously performed on
the selected test range.
If testing is interrupted, for instance due to the appliance
not being switched On, or the mains fuse being ruptured,
testing must be repeated from the start of the test
sequence in the corrected condition. i.e. with a sound
fuse and with the appliance switched On.
Performing Tests – General
9
Tests must be performed with the appliance
switched On and with good fuse(s) fitted.
Preliminary Testing Procedure
1. Plug the PAT32 into the 230 V mains
power supply, and switch the supply on. Full
screen details are displayed, and a self check is
carried out. On completion, the ‘Home’ screen is
displayed.
2. Determine the Class / type of the appliance to
be tested.
Class I – Earthed appliance
Class II – Double insulated appliance
Class III - S.E.L.V appliance
3. Plug the appliance into the appropriate socket
on the instrument front panel and switch the
appliance On.
Appliance Testing Procedure
Circuit Test
1. Press and hold the Circuit Test switch. The
Circuit screen is displayed.
2. Phase to Neutral resistance is displayed
directly in k .
Note:- Readings of approximately 0,01 kΩ can be
expected from appliances incorporating large wound
components such as large transformers and motors.
Heating appliances may give readings of approximately
0,02 kΩ.
3. Release the Test switch.
Appliance Testing
10
Tests must follow the given sequence
If fault(s) are indicated, cease testing and
rectify. Re-commence testing from the
start of the test sequence.
Note:- During the test, a display of indicates Open
circuit. Check that the appliance is switched On, that any
fuses fitted are good, the continuity of the power cord is
good and that the appliance itself is not open circuit.
Appliances with a switch mode power supply may indicate
Open circuit. In this case, omit the Circuit test.
Note:- If the appliance circuit appears to be Open circuit,
fuses (if applicable) may be checked as follows:
Fuse Check
1. Remove the suspect fuse from the appliance.
With the ‘Home‘ screen displayed (no switches
pressed) press the suspect fuse across the
contacts.
A good fuse is indicated by the display of
accompanied by a continuous beep note.
Earth Continuity Test (Class I appliances only)
1. With the ‘Home‘ screen displayed (no switches
pressed) connect the Earth Bond test lead to
the 100mA terminal.
2. Firmly connect the crocodile clip to the metalwork of
the appliance.
3. Earth continuity resistance is displayed directly
in m .
4. Disconnect the Earth Bond test lead.
Earth Bond Test (Class I appliances only)
1. With the ‘Home‘ screen displayed (no switches
pressed) connect the Earth Bond test lead to
the 10A/25A terminal.
2. Firmly connect the crocodile clip to the
metalwork of the appliance.
3. Press and hold either the 10A or the 25A test
switch. The Earth Bond screen is displayed.
4. Earth Bond resistance is displayed directly in
m .
5. Release the Test switch.
6. Disconnect the Earth Bond test lead.
A successful test is indicated on the solid scale line and
the word PASS is displayed.
As a general rule, an appliances should have an Earth
Bond resistance of less than 100 mΩ. Appliances with
long supply leads will give higher readings due to
conductor resistance. Corrections may be applied if lead
11
resistance figures are available and lead length is
measured.
A reading of between 100 mΩ and 500 mΩ will be
indicated on the broken scale line together with the display
of . Refer to the appliance manufacturer.
Readings greater than 500 mΩ are indicated by t h e
flashing display of the word FAIL.
On the 10 Amp range, the flashing display of w i l l
appear for resistance greater than 600 mΩ, indicating that
the test current is below a satisfactory test level. It is
suggested that the 25 A m p range should then be used.
Insulation Te s t
Class I Appliance
1. Press and hold the Insulation Test switch. The
Insulation screen is displayed.
2. Insulation resistance value is displayed directly
in M .
3. Release the Test switch.
As a general rule, Class I appliances should have an
insulation resistance value greater than 1 M .
A reading of less than 0.25 M is indicated with the word
FAIL.
Class II Appliance
1. Connect the Earth Bond test lead (or probe if
available) to the 10A/25A terminal.
2. Press and hold the Insulation Test switch. The
Insulation screen is displayed.
3. Using the crocodile clip, probe areas of likely
leakage around the insulation areas. i.e. joins /
apertures / metal parts.
4. Release the Test switch.
5. Disconnect the Earth Bond test lead.
As a general rule, Class II appliances should have an
insulation resistance value greater than 2 M .
A reading of greater than 2 M is indicated on the solid
scale line together with the word PASS.
A reading of less than 0.25 M is indicated with the word
FAIL.
Appliance Testing
12
Between 0.25 M and 2 M , the is displayed. In this
instance, the user must judge whether to PA S S or FA I L
the test, depending upon the insulation class of the
a p p l i a n c e .
Appliance Testing
13
Plug the extension lead into the appropriate socket on the
instrument front panel.
Circuit Test
1. Press and hold the Circuit Test switch. The
Circuit screen is displayed.
For an unterminated extension lead a reading of
should be displayed. Any other reading indicates a faulty
lead and must be investigated.
2. Release the Test switch.
Polarity Test
Plug Extension Lead Tester ELT1 into the socket end of
the Extension lead (use the adaptor for 110 V leads).
1. Press the Circuit Test switch twice.
2. Check the polarity of the extension lead against
the following display options:
- Polarity Correct
- Connections reversed
- Short Circuit
- Open Circuit
Earth Bond Test
1. Connect the Earth Bond test lead to the 2 5 A
terminal.
2. Firmly connect the crocodile clip to the E LT1
metal stud.
3. Press and hold the 25A Test switch. The Earth
Bond screen is displayed.
4. Earth Bond resistance is displayed directly in
m .
5. Release the Test switch.
6. Disconnect the Earth Bond test lead.
Insulation Test (Class I leads only)
1. Press and hold the Insulation Test switch. The
Insulation screen is displayed.
2. Insulation resistance value is displayed directly
in M .
3. Release the Test switch.
Extension Lead Testing (UK)
– ELT1 Required
14
Do not plug the ELT1 into a live circuit
If fault(s) are indicated, cease testing
and rectify. Re-commence testing from
the start of the test sequence.
Circuit Test
Meter reading range: 0 to 9,9 kΩ
Range Resolution Accuracy
0 to 1 kΩ 0,01 kΩ 2,5% of reading ± 0,02 kΩ
1 kΩ to 2 kΩ 0,02 kΩ 2,5% of reading ± 0,02 kΩ
2 kΩ to 5 kΩ 0,05 kΩ 2,5% of reading ± 0,05 kΩ
5 kΩ to 9,9 kΩ 0,1 kΩ 2,5% of reading ± 0,1 kΩ
Open Circuit Voltage: 4,5 V d.c.
Short Circuit Current: 1 mA d.c.
Fuse Check
5 V. d.c. 0,5 mA Typical
Earth Continuity Test
Range Resolution Accuracy
0 to 999 mΩ 1 mΩ 2,5% of reading ±5 mΩ
900 mΩ to1990 mΩ 10 mΩ 2,5% of reading ±10 mΩ
Open Circuit Voltage: Typically 100 mV d.c.
Constant Current: Typically 100 mA into <1Ω
10A Earth Bond Test
Meter reading range: 0 to 1990 mΩ
Range Resolution Accuracy
0 to 600 mΩ 1 mΩ 2,5% of reading ±5 mΩ
600 to 999 mΩ 1 mΩ Current below level for
900-1990 mΩ 10 mΩ satisfactory Bond test.
Transfer to 25A test
Pass Band Limits: 100 and 500 mΩ
Open Circuit Voltage: Typically 3 V rms a.c. 50 Hz
Specification
15
Specification
Spec Point Current 10A into 100 mΩ at 240 V. 8,7 A into 100 mΩ at 230 V.
Short Circuit Current Typically 12 A
25A Earth Bond Test
Meter reading range: 0 to 1990 mΩ
Range Resolution Accuracy
0 to 999 mΩ 1 mΩ 2,5% of reading ±5 mΩ
900-1990 mΩ 10 mΩ 2,5% of reading ±10 mΩ
Pass Band Limits: 100 and 500 mΩ
Open Circuit Voltage: Typically 6 V rms a.c. 50 Hz
Spec Point Current: Typically 25A into 100 mΩ (10A into 500 mΩ)
Short Circuit Current Typically 36.5 A
Insulation Test
Meter reading range: 0-99 MΩ
Range Resolution Accuracy
0 to 10 MΩ 0,1 MΩ 2,5% of reading ± 0,1 MΩ
10MΩ to 20 MΩ 0,2 MΩ 5% of reading ± 0,2 MΩ
20MΩ to 50 MΩ 0,5 MΩ 5% of reading ± 0,5 MΩ
50MΩ to 99 MΩ 1 MΩ Indication only
Pass Band limit: 2 MΩ (Class I) – 7 MΩ (Class II)
Open Circuit Voltage: ≤ 600 V d.c.
Spec Point Voltage ≥ 500 V d.c. into 0.5 MΩ
Short Circuit Current: < 2 mA
General
Temperature Range
Operating: 5 ˚C to +40˚ C
Storage: -25˚C to +65˚ C
16
Humidity Range
Operating: ≤ 90% RH at 25˚C
Supply 230 V(+10% -6%) 50 Hz 300 VA
Safety Meets the requirements for double insulation to IEC 1010 (1995) EN
61010 (1995)
Fuses 2 x 2 A (F) 20 mm x 5 mm HBC, IEC 127/1
2 x 250 mA (F) mm x 5 mm HBC, IEC 127/1
Mains power cord fused plug (as applicable) – 3 Afuse to BS1362
EMC In accordance with IEC61326 including amendment No.1
Dimensions 314 mm x 152 mm x 206 mm (12,5” x 6” x 8”)
Weight 3,75 kg (8,25 lb approx.)
Cleaning: Wipe the disconnected instrument with a clean cloth dampened with
soapy water or Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA).
Specification
17
Supplied Part Number
User Guide 6172-265
Accessory Pouch 6420-108
Earth Bond test lead with crocodile clip 6280-043
Optional Extras
Extension lead tester ELT1 (UK) 6111-130
Extension lead tester ELT2 (France & Germany) 6111-320
Earth Bond lead and Probe EP1 6320-225
Bare wire adaptor lead with 3 pin plug to BS1363/A 6111-230
Appliance safety log book (complete) 6131-813
Log book test sheets (pack of 30 sheets) 6171-417
Log book test stickers (Pack of 3 sheets [72 stickers]) 6171-418
Training Media
VHS Video: ‘Portable Appliance Testing‘ 6131-999
Accessories
18
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