Medtronics NIM 2.0 User Manual
A basic guide to nerve integrity monitoring
NIM™ 2.0 SYSTEMS:
Protocol and Troubleshooting Guide
WELCOME
Medtronic ENT has developed this basic guide to nerve integrity monitoring as it
applies to the NIM™ 2.0 System family to assist in simplifying setup procedures. (The
NIM 2.0 System family includes the NIM-Response®2.0 and the NIM-Neuro®2.0.)
Each section gives procedure-specific protocols to follow and includes such information
as: monitoring goals, electrode placement, impedance values, difference values,
threshold and stimulation ranges, as well as samples of responses.
We hope that this booklet will be a helpful guide to follow and we appreciate
your patronage.
Important: This document is not intended to replace the surgeon’s medical judgment or knowledge of
neural anatomy and physiology. Nerve monitoring does not prevent the surgical severance of nerves.
Nerve monitoring with the NIM 2.0 System family or other monitors is only a technical aid and cannot
substitute for the skill, experience and anatomical knowledge of the surgeon.
The user should refer to Medtronic ENT’s Operations Manual for further instruction regarding any
equipment referenced in this document. Requisite training and know-how for performing evoked EMG
monitoring in surgical applications supplements the surgeon’s knowledge of nerve anatomy for
preservation of nerve function during surgical procedures.
Table of Contents
Intracranial (Skull Base)...........................................................................................................2-3
Cerebellopontine Angle Tumor • Vestibular Schwannoma
(acoustic neuroma) • Microvascular Decompression •
Trigeminal Nerve Resection • Vestibular Nerve Section
Intratemporal..............................................................................................................................4-5
Facial Nerve Decompression • Mastoidectomy •
Tympanoplasty • Cochlear Implantation • Translabrynthine
Approach to Posterior Fossa • Labyrinthectomy
Extratemporal.............................................................................................................................6-7
Parotidectomy • Submandibular Gland Dissection •
Head and Neck Dissection • Congenital Aural Atresia
Neck Dissections.......................................................................................................................8-9
Thyroidectomy • Parathyroidectomy • Radical Neck
Dissection • Anterior Cervical Fusion • Substernal Goiter •
Hemithyroidectomy
Monitoring Tips.......................................................................................................................10-13
Tips for Reducing Artifact • Verifying Stimulus Delivery •
Examples of EMG Response: Stimulated EMG Response,
Mechanically Evoked EMG Response, Train Response,
Metal Artifact, Electrode Placement
Troubleshooting Guide .........................................................................................................14-15
1
2
Skull base procedures may place at risk
that segment of the facial nerve (Cranial
Nerve VII) from the brainstem through
the internal auditory canal (IAC). Tumors
may be located either adjacent to the
brain stem or within the IAC and are
often intimately involved with the facial
nerve. In order to remove the tumor,
there will be considerable drilling of bone
which may produce heat that may affect
the nerve. Nerve dissections often
involve direct manipulation, stretching or
traction of the facial nerve. The facial
nerve is nonmyelinated at this section,
hence lesser amounts of stimulation will
produce an EMG effect.
If other cranial motor nerves are at risk,
additional electrodes may be placed to
monitor EMG activity in the appropriate
muscle. Additional cranial nerves that
are commonly monitored in skull base
procedures include the trigeminal nerve
(Cranial Nerve V) and the vagus nerve
(Cranial Nerve X).
As a general rule, when shunting current
directly through bone, you will need 1.0mA
of stimulus for every millimeter of bone
above the nerve. Shunting through soft
tissue will usually require a setting of at
least 0.8mA.
Monitoring Goal
Locate, identify, and map the nerve.
Monitor manipulation effect.
It is extremely valuable for the surgeon to verify nerve integrity prior to closing by
stimulating proximal to the tumor site BEFORE and AFTER the surgery.
Cerebellopontine Angle Tumor
Vestibular Schwannoma
(acoustic neuroma)
Microvascular Decompression
Trigeminal Nerve Resection
Vestibular Nerve Section
INTRACRANIAL (SKULL BASE)
Procedures
3
INTRACRANIAL (SKULL BASE)
Electrode Placement: Figure 1.
Procedure Specific Protocols
Suggested Electrodes Part No.
• Paired Subdermal Electrodes 8227410
• Prass Paired Electrodes, 18mm 8227304
Suggested Stimulator Probes Part No.
• Prass Standard Monopolar Probe 8225101
• Prass Bipolar Probe 8225451
Suggested Stimulus Instruments Part No.
• Kartush Dissection Set (KSD) 1352400
• Neurotologic Dissection Set (NSD) 1353400
Typical Electrode Readings Channel Values Difference Values
Subdermal needle < 10 KΩ < 1 KΩ
Prass paired needle < 25 KΩ < 5 KΩ
Event Threshold Range
Event Threshold Range is 50uV-100uV. You may wish to increase threshold in case of an
EMG train response.
Stimulation Range
Use 0.8mA to begin, in general, unless otherwise directed by the surgeon at the start
of surgery when the monopolar probe is in use with goal of mapping the nerve.
Increase the stimulus setting until an EMG response has been elicited. At this stage,
there will be tissue and bone through which the current must travel. Once the nerve
has been located, reduce the stimulus level. There is rarely a need to use more than
1.0mA in the cerebellar pontine angle (CPA) because it is possible to place a stimulator
directly on the nerve. The Kartush Bipolar Probe is good to use when the nerve is
exposed because current is not shunted and low stimulus levels can be used.
Operative Side
Orbicularis Oculi m.
Orbicularis Oris m.
Ground
Stim Return (+)
4
The facial nerve may be at risk during
surgeries involving the temporal bone
because the exact location of the nerve
varies by patient. This is especially true
for revision cases. These procedures,
generally, are “quiet surgeries” without a
lot of artifact.
Intraoperative facial nerve monitoring
(IFNM) allows the surgeon to avoid the
nerve. In procedures with considerable
bone drilling, heating may affect the
nerve. In nerve decompressions, IFNM
can aid in pinpointing that portion of the
nerve to be decompressed.
Monitoring Goal
Locate, identify, and map the nerve.
Monitor manipulation effect.
It is extremely valuable for the surgeon to verify nerve integrity prior to closing by
stimulating after the surgery.
Facial Nerve Decompression
Mastoidectomy
Tympanoplasty
Cochlear Implantation
Translabrynthine Approach
to Posterior Fossa
Labyrinthectomy
INTRATEMPORAL
Procedures
5
INTRATEMPORAL
Electrode Placement: Figure 2.
Procedure Specific Protocols
Suggested Electrodes Part No.
• Paired Subdermal Electrodes 8227410
• Prass Paired Electrodes, 18mm 8227304
Suggested Stimulator Probes Part No.
• Prass Standard Monopolar Probe 8225101
• Kartush Side-by-Side Bipolar Probe 8225401
Suggested Stimulus Instruments Part No.
• Kartush Dissection Set (KSD) 1352400
• Neurotologic Dissection Set (NSD) 1353400
Typical Electrode Readings Channel Values Difference Values
Subdermal needle < 10 KΩ < 1 KΩ
Prass paired needle < 25 KΩ < 5 KΩ
Event Threshold Range
Event Threshold Range is 50uV-100uV. May decrease to 50uV to see earliest response.
Stimulation Range
Use 0.8mA at the beginning (mapping) of the procedure or as directed by the surgeon.
Hold the probe tip perpendicular to the tissue for approximately one second to elicit
a response.
There is rarely a need to use more than 1.0mA in the cerebellar pontine angle (CPA)
because it is possible to place a stimulator directly on the nerve. Use lower stimulus
levels as directed by the surgeon and increase slowly until a response is obtained.
Operative Side
Orbicularis Oculi m.
Orbicularis Oris m.
Ground
Stim Return (+)
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