• The Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device should only be used by physicians trained in interventional neuroradiology
and treatment of ischemic stroke.
• Operators should take all necessary precautions to limit X-ray radiation doses to patients and themselves by using
sucient shielding, reducing uoroscopy times, and modifying X-ray technical factors whenever possible.
• Carefully inspect the sterile package and the Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device prior to use to verify that neither has
been damaged during shipment. Do not use kinked or damaged components.
• The Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device is not to be used after the expiration date imprinted on the product label.
• Refer to the appropriate intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (IV t-PA) manufacturer labeling for indications,
contraindications, warnings, precautions, and instructions for use.
• Initiate mechanical thrombectomy treatment as soon as possible.
• For indication 3, endovascular therapy with the device should be started within 16 hours of symptom onset.
• For indication 3, users should validate their imaging analysis techniques to ensure robust and consistent results for
assessing core infarct size.
DESCRIPTION
The Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device is designed to restore blood ow by removing thrombus in patients experiencing
ischemic stroke due to large intracranial vessel occlusion. The device is designed for use in the neurovasculature such as the
internal carotid artery, M1 and M2 segments of the middle cerebral artery, basilar, and the vertebral arteries.
Figure 1:
Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device
4
5
1. Proximal marker
2. Distal markers
3. Introducer sheath
4. Fluorosafe marker
5. Push wire
INDICATIONS
1. The Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device is indicated for use to restore blood ow in the neurovasculature by removing
thrombus for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke to reduce disability in patients with a persistent, proximal anterior
circulation, large vessel occlusion, and smaller core infarcts who have rst received intravenous tissue plasminogen
activator (IV t-PA). Endovascular therapy with the device should be started within 6 hours of symptom onset.
2. The Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device is indicated to restore blood ow by removing thrombus from a large
intracranial vessel in patients experiencing ischemic stroke within 8 hours of symptom onset. Patients who are
ineligible for IV t-PA or who fail IV t-PA therapy are candidates for treatment.
3. The Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device is indicated for use to restore blood ow in the neurovasculature by removing
thrombus for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke to reduce disability in patients with a persistent, proximal anterior
circulation, large vessel occlusion of the internal carotid artery (ICA) or middle cerebral artery (MCA)-M1 segments with
smaller core infarcts (<70 cc by CTA or MRA, <25 cc by MR-DWI). Endovascular therapy with the device should start
within 6-16 hours of time last seen well in patients who are ineligible for intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (IV
t-PA) or who fail IV t-PA therapy.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Use of the Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device is contraindicated under these circumstances.
• Patients with known hypersensitivity to nickel-titanium.
• Patients with stenosis and/or pre-existing stent proximal to the thrombus site that may preclude safe recovery of the
Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device.
• Patients with angiographic evidence of carotid dissection.
3
1
2
A. Stent diameter
B. Usable length
C. Stent length
D. Length from distal tip to uorosafe marker
E. Marker to marker length
F. Push wire length
POTENTIAL COMPLICATIONS
Possible complications include, but are not limited to the following:
• Adverse reaction to antiplatelet/ anticoagulation
agents or contrast media
• Air Embolism
• Allergic reactions
• Angina
• Arrhythmia
• Arteriovenous Fistula
• Aspiration
• Brain Edema
• Cancer
• Change in mental status
• Coagulopathy
• Death
• Device(s) deformation, collapse, fracture or
malfunction
• Distal embolization including to a previously
uninvolved territory
• Embolism
• Fever
• Fistula
• Foreign body in patient
• Foreign body reaction
• Hemolysis
• Hemorrhage
• Hemorrhagic stroke
• Hypersensitivity
• Hypertension
• Hypotension
• Infarction, cerebral
• Infection
• Inammation
• Ischemia
• Myocardial Infarction
• Necrosis
• Nerve damage
• Neurologic deterioration including stroke progression,
stroke in new vascular territory, and death
• Organ failure
• Pain
• Perforation or dissection of the vessel
• Persistent neurological decits
• Radiation exposure, unintended
• Rupture
• Shock
• Stenosis
• The risk of complication of radiation exposure
(e.g., alopecia, burns ranging in severity from skin
reddening to ulcers, cataracts, and delayed neoplasia)
increases as the procedure time and the number of
procedures increase
• Therapeutic response decreased
• Thromboembolism
• Thrombosis (acute and subacute)
• Toxicity
• User experiences major dissatisfaction with device
performance
• Vascular occlusion
• Vasoconstriction (Vasospasm)
• Vision symptoms
WARNINGS ALL INDICATIONS
• The appropriate anti-platelet and anti-coagulation therapy should be administered in accordance with standard
medical practice.
• Administer IV t-PA as soon as possible for all patients who are indicated to receive the drug. Do not cause delays in
this therapy.
• Per IV t-PA manufacturer labeling, IV t-PA should be administered within 3 hours of stroke symptom onset (IV
t-PA use beyond 3 hours is not approved in the United States).
• Do not torque the Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device.
• For vessel safety, do not perform more than three recovery attempts in the same vessel using Solitaire™ X
Revascularization Devices.
• For device safety, do not use each Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device for more than threeow restoration
recoveries.
• For each new Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device, use a new microcatheter.
• Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device does not allow for electrolytic detachment.
• To prevent device separation:
• Do not oversize device.
• Do not recover (i.e. pull back) the device when encountering excessive resistance. Instead, resheath the device
with the microcatheter and then remove the entire system under aspiration. If resistance is encountered during
resheathing, discontinue and remove the entire system under aspiration.
• Do not treat patients with known stenosis proximal to the thrombus site.
• This device is supplied STERILE for single use only. Do not reprocess or re-sterilize. Reprocessing and
re-sterilization increase the risks of patient infection and compromised device performance.
WARNINGS INDICATION 1 & 3 ONLY
• The safety and eectiveness has not been established for the Solitaire™ X device to reduce disability in patients
with the following:
• Posterior circulation occlusions
• More distal occlusions in the anterior circulation
• Large core infarct (ASPECTS ≤7)
3
CLINICIAN USE INFORMATION
Materials Required
The following parts are required to use the Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device:
• Solitaire™ X Revascularization Devices should be introduced through a microcatheter with an inside diameter of 0.017 inches (0.43 mm)-0.027 inches (0.69 mm). Refer to Table 1 for recommended microcatheter sizing guidelines.
Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device:
Table 1.
Product Specications and Recommended Sizing Guidelines
Select a Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device based on the sizing recommendations in Table 1 and based on the smallest vessel diameter at thrombus site.
2
Select a Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device usable length that is at least as long as the length of the thrombus.
Compatibility has been established to support all Solitaire™ X Revascularization devices with Phenom™ 21/27, Rebar™ 18,
and Marksman™microcatheters. Additionally, compatibility testing of the 3 mm Solitaire™ X devices has been performed
with the Trevo™* Pro-14 microcatheter. Refer to the instructions supplied with all interventional devices and materials to be
used in conjunction with the Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device for their intended uses, contraindications and potential
complications.
Other accessories for performing a procedure and NOT supplied; to be selected based on the physician’s experience and
preferences:
• Minimum 5 F (1.67 mm) guide catheter
(NOTE: Users should select a guide catheter with appropriate support to deliver interventional devices. For a guide
catheter a minimum inside diameter 0.061 inches (1.55 mm) is recommended. For a balloon guide catheter ensure to
use 8 F (2.67 mm)- 9 F (3.00 mm) minimum inside diameter 0.075 inches (1.91 mm))
• Microcatheter (refer to Table 1)
• Guidewire
• Aspiration Device (60 cc syringe or aspiration pump/system, such as Riptide™ Aspiration System)
NOTE: The Riptide™ Aspiration System has been bench tested with the Solitaire™ Revascularization Device as an
aspiration device during retrieval to the guide catheter. Other comparable aspiration pump systems have been reported
in clinical literature, although these devices have not been specically tested with the Solitaire™ Revascularization
Devices.
• Saline solution/heparin-saline continuous ush set
• Rotating Hemostasis Valve (RHV)
• Infusion stand
• Femoral arterial lock
PREPARATION AND PROCEDURE
Preparation
1. Administer anti-coagulation and anti-platelet medications per standard institutional guidelines.
2. Aided by angiographic radiography, determine the location and size of the area to be revascularized.
3. Select a S olitaire™ X Revascularization Device per Table 1.
4. To achieve optimal performance of the Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device and to reduce the risk of thromboembolic
complications, maintain continuous ushing action between a) the femoral arterial sheath and the guide catheter,
b) the microcatheter and the guide catheter and c) the microcatheter and the push wire and the Solitaire™ X
Revascularization Device. Check all connections to make sure that during the continuous ush no air enters the guide
catheter or the microcatheter.
5. Position a suitable guide catheter as close to thrombus site as possible employing a standard method. The guide
catheter should be appropriately sized to retrieve clot if so desired in subsequent steps. Connect a RHV to the tting of
the guide catheter, and then connect a tube to the continuous ush.
6. With the aid of Table 1, select a microcatheter suitable for advancing the Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device.
7. Connect a second RHV to the tting of the microcatheter and then connect a tube to the continuous ush.
8. Set the ush rate per standard institutional guidelines.
9. With the aid of a suitable guide wire, advance the microcatheter until the end of the microcatheter is positioned distal
to the thrombus so that the usable length portion of the Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device will extend past each
side of the thrombus in the vessel when fully deployed. Tighten the RHV around the microcatheter. Remove guide wire.
Delivering the Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device
10. Insert the distal end of the introducer sheath partially into the RHV connected to the microcatheter. Tighten the RHV
and verify that uid exits the proximal end of the introducer sheath.
11. Loosen the RHV and advance the introducer sheath until it is rmly seated in the hub of the microcatheter. Tighten
the RHV around the introducer sheath to prevent back ow of blood, but not so tight as to damage the Solitaire™ X
Revascularization Device during its introduction into the microcatheter. Conrm that there are no air bubbles trapped
anywhere in the system.
12. Transfer the Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device into the microcatheter by advancing the push wire in a smooth,
continuous manner. Once the exible portion of the push wire has entered the microcatheter shaft, loosen the RHV
and remove the introducer sheath over the proximal end of the push wire. Once completed, tighten the RHV around
the push wire. Leaving the introducer sheath in place will interrupt normal infusion of ushing solution and allow back
ow of blood into the microcatheter.
13. Visually verify that the ushing solution is infusing normally. Once conrmed, loosen the RHV to advance the push wire.
14. Once the Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device has been advanced to the uorosafe marker band begin uoroscopic
imaging. With the aid of uoroscopic monitoring, carefully advance the Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device until its
distal markers line up at the end of the microcatheter. The Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device should be positioned
such that the usable length portion of the device will extend past each side of the thrombus in the vessel when the
device is fully deployed.
WARNING ALL INDICATIONS
• If excessive resistance is encountered during the delivery of the Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device, discontinue
the delivery and identify the cause of the resistance. Advancement of the Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device
against resistance may result in device damage and/or patient injury.
Deploying the Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device
15. Loosen the RHV around the microcatheter. To deploy the Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device, x the push wire to
maintain the position of the device while carefully withdrawing the microcatheter in the proximal direction.
Figure 2:
Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device Deployment
Distal
Radiopaque
Markers
Proximal
Radiopaque
Markers
Radiopaque
Stent Markers
Spacing
4
16. Retract the microcatheter until it is just proximal to the proximal marker of the Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device.
Tighten the RHV to prevent any movement of the push wire. The usable length of the deployed Solitaire™ device
should extend past each side of the thrombus.
17. Tighten the RHV around the microcatheter. Angiographically assess the revascularization status of the treated vessel.
Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device Re-Sheathing
If resheathing of the Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device is necessary (e.g. repositioning), follow these steps:
WARNINGS ALL INDICATIONS
• Advancing the microcatheter while the device is engaged in clot may lead to embolization of debris.
• Do not advance the microcatheter against any resistance.
• Do not reposition more than two times.
18. Loosen the RHV around the microcatheter and around the push wire. With the aid of uoroscopic monitoring, hold
the push wire rmly in its position to prevent the Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device from moving.
19. Carefully re-sheath the Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device by advancing the microcatheter over the Solitaire™
X Revascularization Device until the distal markers of the Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device line up at the end
of the microcatheter as illustrated in Figure 3 below. If signicant resistance is encountered during the re-sheathing process, stop immediately and proceed to the section below entitled “Revascularization Device
Recovery”.
Figure 3:
Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device Re-sheathing
Revascularization Device Recovery
20. If using balloon guide catheter, inate guide catheter balloon to occlude vessel as specied in Balloon Guide Catheter
labeling.
21. Loosen the RHV around the microcatheter enough for movement while still maintaining a seal. If desired remove the
microcatheter completely.
22. To retrieve thrombus, withdraw the Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device to the guide catheter tip while applying
aspiration to the guide catheter with the aspiration device. If applicable withdraw the microcatheter and the Solitaire™
X Revascularization Device as a unit. Never advance the deployed Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device distally.
23. Apply aspiration to the guide catheter using the aspiration device and recover the Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device
inside guide catheter. Continue aspirating guide catheter until the Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device is nearly
withdrawn from the guide catheter.
NOTE: If withdrawal into the guide catheter is dicult, deate balloon (if using balloon guide catheter) and then
simultaneously withdraw guide catheter, microcatheter and Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device as a unit through the
sheath while maintaining aspiration. Remove sheath if necessary.
WARNINGS ALL INDICATIONS
• If excessive resistance is encountered during recovery of the Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device, discontinue the
recovery and identify the cause of the resistance.
• For vessel safety, do not perform more than three recovery attempts in the same vessel using the Solitaire™ X
Revascularization Device.
24. Open the guide catheter RHV to allow the Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device to exit without resistance. If applicable
allow the microcatheter and the Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device to exit without resistance. Use care to avoid
interaction with the site of the intervention and to prevent air from entering the system.
25. Aspirate the guide catheter to ensure the guide catheter is clear of any thrombus material.
26. Deate guide catheter balloon if using balloon guide catheter.
27. If additional ow restoration attempts are desired with:
a. A new Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device, then:
i. Repeat the steps described above starting with the “Preparation” section.
b. The same Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device, then:
i. Clean the device with saline solution.
Note: Do not use solvents or autoclave.
ii. Carefully inspect the device for damage.
• If no damage, load the introducer sheath over the proximal end of the push wire. For 3 mm devices, one
end of the introducer sheath is tapered and should be (1) aligned with the distal end of the Solitaire™ X
Revascularization Device and (2) interface with the microcatheter hub.
• If there is any damage, do not use the device and use a new Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device for
subsequent ow restoration attempts following the steps described above starting with the “Preparation”
section. Use of a damaged device could result in additional device damage or patient injury.
WARNING ALL INDICATIONS
• For device safety, do not use each Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device for more than three ow restoration
recoveries.
HOW SUPPLIED
The Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device is provided sterile for single patient use only.
Sterile: This device is sterilized with Ethylene Oxide. Non-pyrogenic.
Contents: One (1) Solitaire™ X Revascularization Device.
Storage: Store product in a dry, cool place.
SAFETY AND EFFECTIVENESS INFORMATION INDICATION 1
SWIFT PRIME Clinical Study
SWIFT PRIME (Solitaire™ FR or Solitaire™ 2 With the Intention For Thrombectomy as Primary Endovascular Treatment
for Acute Ischemic Stroke) is a global, multicenter, two-arm, prospective, randomized, open, blinded endpoint (PROBE)
clinical study comparing neurological disability outcomes (dened by mRS) in Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS) patients who
are treated with either IV t-PA alone or IV t-PA in combination with Solitaire™ FR or Solitaire™ 2 mechanical thrombectomy
intervention. Subjects receiving IV t-PA within 4.5 hours of symptom onset were randomized 1:1 to mechanical
thrombectomy with Solitaire™ within 6 hours of onset, or to continuation with IV t-PA alone. Within this group, the Analysis
cohort was dened as those subjects who were administered IV t-PA within 3 hours of symptom onset.
Inclusion Criteria
Subjects were considered eligible for the study if they satised all of the following inclusion criteria:
• Subject or subject’s legally authorized representative has signed and dated an Informed Consent Form
• Age 18 – 80
• Clinical signs consistent with acute ischemic stroke
• Pre-stroke Modied Rankin Score less than or equal to 1
• National Institute of Health Stoke Scale (NIHSS) score of at least 8 and less than 30 at the time of randomization
• Initiation of IV t-PA within 4.5 hours of onset of stroke symptoms
• Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (TICI) 0 to 1 ow in the intracranial internal carotid artery, M1 segment of the MCA,
or carotid terminus conrmed by CT or MR angiography that is accessible to the Solitaire™ FR or Solitaire™ 2 device
• Subject is able to be treated within 6 hours of stroke symptoms onset and within 1.5 hours from CTA or MRA to groin
puncture
• Subject is willing to conduct follow-up visits
Exclusion Criteria
Subjects were considered ineligible for study participation if they met any of the following exclusion criteria:
• Subject who is contraindicated to IV t-PA as per local national guidelines
• Females who are pregnant or lactating
• Rapid neurological improvement prior to randomization suggesting resolution of signs/symptoms of stroke
• Known serious sensitivity to radiographic contrast agents
• Known sensitivity to Nickel, Titanium metals or their alloys
• Current participation in another investigational drug or device study
• Known hereditary or acquired hemorrhagic diathesis, coagulation factor deciency
• Renal failure as dened by a serum creatinine greater than 2.0 mg/dl (or 176.8 µmol/l) or Glomerular Filtration Rate
[GFR] less than 30
• Requires hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, or who have contraindication to an angiogram
• Life expectancy less than 90 days
• Clinical presentation suggests a subarachnoid hemorrhage, even if initial CT or MRI scan is normal
• Suspicion of aortic dissection
• Co-morbid disease or condition that would confound the neurological and functional evaluations or compromise
survival or ability to complete follow-up assessments
• Currently uses or has a recent history of illicit drug(s) or abuses alcohol
• Known history of arterial tortuosity, pre-existing stent, and/or other arterial disease which would prevent the device
from reaching the target vessel and/or preclude safe recovery of the device
• Additionally, subjects were also considered ineligible for study participation if they met any of the following imaging
exclusion criteria:
• CT or MRI evidence of hemorrhage on presentation, mass eect or intracranial tumor (except small meningioma),
cerebral vasculitis, basilar artery (BA) occlusion or posterior cerebral artery (PCA) occlusion, carotid dissection, or
complete cervical carotid occlusion requiring stenting at the time of the index procedure
• CT showing hypodensity or MRI showing hyperintensity involving greater than 1/3 of the middle cerebral artery
(MCA) territory (or in other territories, >100 cc of tissue) on presentation
• Baseline non-contrast CT or DWI MRI evidence of a moderate/large core dened as extensive early ischemic
changes of Alberta Stroke Program Early CT score (ASPECTS) less than 6. Patients enrolled under RAPID were
excluded based on the following:
a. MRI- or C T-assessed core infarct lesion greater than 50 cc; or
b. Severe hypoperfusion lesion (10 sec or more Tmax lesion larger than 100 cc; or
c. Ischemic penumbra < 15 cc and mismatch ratio ≤1.8.
• Evidence that suggests, in the opinion of the investigator, the subject is not appropriate for mechanical
thrombectomy intervention
5
Study Endpoints
The primary eectiveness endpoint of the study is 90-day global disability assessed via the blinded evaluation of modied
Rankin Scale (mRS). Secondary clinical ecacy endpoints of the study are:
• Death due to any cause at 90 days.
• Functional independence as dened by mRS score ≤ 2 at 90 days.
• Change in NIHSS score at 27 ± 6 hours post randomization.
The secondary technical ecacy endpoints of the study are:
• Volume of cerebral infarction as measured by a CT or MRI scan at 27 ± 6 hours post randomization.
• Reperfusion measured by reperfusion ratio on CT or MRI scan 27 ± 6 hours post randomization
• Arterial revascularization measured by TICI 2b or 3 following device use.
• Correlation of RAPID-assessed core infarct volume with 27 ± 6 hours post randomization stroke infarction in subjects
who achieved TICI 2b-3 reperfusion without intracranial hemorrhage.
Results
A total of 196 subjects were randomized into the SWIFT PRIME Study (98 in each group). The SWIFT PRIME study allowed
IV t-PA use beyond 3 hours, although IV t-PA is not approved in the United States beyond 3 hours. Patients treated with
IV-tPA beyond 3 hours did not factor strongly in the evaluation of the Solitaire™ 2 revascularization device and have been
excluded from the analyses. The resulting Analysis Cohort consists of 161 subjects (84 in the IV t-PA plus Solitaire™ group
and 77 with IV t-PA only). Additionally, 17 subjects in the IV t-PA plus Solitaire™ group were excluded from the primary and
secondary ecacy endpoint analyses. These 17 subjects either received carotid stenting and/or angioplasty or were treated
in a manner inconsistent with the Solitaire™ Instructions for Use. Therefore, the primary and secondary ecacy endpoint
analyses cohort consists of 144 subjects.
The proportion of patients functionally independent (mRS 0-2) at the 90-day visit was higher in the IV t-PA plus Solitaire™
device group. A summary of the subject disposition is presented below.
Table 2. Summary of Subject Disposition (Analysis Cohort)
Subject DispositionIV t-PA Only
Attended 90 day visit63/77 (81.8%)60/67 (89.6%)123/144 (85.4%)
Died prior to 90 day visit10/77 (13.0%)6/67 (9.0%)16/144(11.1%)
Early Terminated
Subject Lost to Follow-Up3/77 (3.9%)0/67 (0.0%)3/144 (2.1%)
Investigator Withdrew the Subject0/77 (0.0%)0/67 (0.0%)0/144 (0.0%)
Total77 (100.0%)67 (100.0%)144 (100.0%)
Standard summary statistics were calculated for all study variables and subject data were analyzed according to the group
to which they were randomized. For continuous variables, statistics included means, standard deviations, medians and
ranges. Categorical variables were summarized in frequency distributions.
For the primary ecacy endpoint, statistical signicance was declared using bounds predened in the group sequential
analysis plan, which accounts for multiplicity due to interim analyses. Elsewhere, one-sided statistical tests having p-values
less than 0.025 were deemed signicant while two-sided tests having p-values less than 0.05 were deemed signicant.
For adverse event reporting, the primary analysis is based on subject counts, not event counts. Both subject counts and
event counts are presented in tabular summaries of results.
Note: The SFR4-3-20-10, SFR4-3-40-10, SFR4-4-20-05, SFR4-4-20-10, SFR4-4-40-10, SFR4-6-20-10, SFR4-6-24-06 and
SFR4-6-40-10 models were not evaluated as part of the SWIFT PRIME study.
Mortality at 90 days10/76 (13.2%)6/67 (9.0%)0.65 (0.22-1.89)0.596
Functional Independence (mRS
0-2) at 90 days
28/76 (36.8%)42/67 (62.7%)2.88 (1.46-5.68)0.003**
Change in NIHSS at 27 hours Post randomization
N7666<0.001**
Mean ± SD-4.3 ± 6.4-9.9 ± 7.2-5.6 (-7.9, -3.3)
Median-3.0-9.5
(min, max)(-24.0, 9.0)(-27.0,10.0)
* One subject from the IV t-PA only group withdrew consent 27 hours post randomization. No secondary clinical ecacy endpoints
were available for this subject.
** These p-values are for informative purposes only. Based on the pre-dened hierarchical testing of the secondary endpoints,
these particular endpoints were not achieved.
Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (TICI) > 1 ow in the intracranial internal carotid artery,
M1 segment of the MCA, or carotid terminus conrmed by CT or MR angiography that is
accessible to the Solitaire™ FR Device.
MRI- or CT-assessed core infarct lesion greater than 50 cc; severe hypoperfusion lesion
(Tmax>10secs lesion greater than 100 cc); and/or Ischemic penumbra < 15 cc and mismatch
ratio ≤1.8.
CT showing hypodensity or MRI showing hyperintensity involving greater than 1/3 of
the middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory (or in other territories, >100 cc of tissue) on
presentation.
NIHSS < 8 or ≥ 30 at the time of randomization9
CTA or MRA evidence of carotid dissection or complete cervical carotid occlusion.3
CT or MRI evidence of mass eect or intra-cranial tumor (except small meningioma).3
Rapid neurological improvement prior to study randomization suggesting resolution of signs/
symptoms of stroke.
Pre-stroke Modied Rankin Score> 12
Baseline non-contrast CT or DWI MRI evidence of a moderate/large core dened as extensive
early ischemic changes of Alberta Stroke Program Early CT score (ASPECTS) < 6.
Imaging evidence that suggests, in the opinion of the investigator, the subject is not
appropriate for mechanical thrombectomy intervention (e.g., inability to navigate to target
lesion, moderate/large infarct with poor collateral circulation, etc.).
CTA or MRA evidence of carotid dissection or complete cervical carotid occlusion requiring
stenting at the time of the index procedure (i.e., mechanical thrombectomy).
Subject is unwilling to conduct protocol-required follow-up visits.1
Age >80 years old1
Known hereditary or acquired hemorrhagic diathesis, coagulation factor deciency.1
Contraindication to IV t-PA as per local national guidelines.1
History of stroke in the past 3 months.1
Arterial tortuosity, calcication, pre-existing stent, and/or stenosis which would prevent the
device from reaching the target vessel and/or preclude safe recovery of the device.
Subject is unable to be treated within 6 hours of onset of stroke symptoms and within 1.5
hours (90 minutes) from qualifying imaging to groin puncture.
CT or MRI evidence of a basilar artery (BA) occlusion or posterior cerebral artery (PCA)
occlusion.
No certied rater available to assess ASPECTS prior to study enrollment1
Total
* Column does not sum to 77 due to some subjects having more than 1 screen failure reason
28
17
6
4
3
3
2
3
2
2
1
77*
SAFETY AND EFFECTIVENESS INFORMATION INDICATION 2
SWIFT Clinical Study
SWIFT (Solitaire™ With the intention For Thrombectomy study; IDE G090082) is a multicenter, randomized, prospectively
controlled study in clot retrieval for patients diagnosed with an acute ischemic stroke. The objective of the study is to
demonstrate substantial equivalence of the Solitaire™ FR Revascularization Device with the Concentric Medical Merci™
device. Primary ecacy was demonstrated by arterial recanalization of occluded target vessel measured by Thrombolysis in
Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) score of 2 or 3 following the use of the Solitaire™ device without any symptomatic intracranial
hemorrhage.
Inclusion Criteria
Subjects were considered eligible for the study if they satised all of the following inclusion criteria:
• Subject or subject’s legally authorized representative has signed and dated an Informed Consent Form
• Age 22 – 85
• Clinical signs consistent with acute ischemic stroke
• National Institute of Health Stoke Scale (NIHSS) score of at least 8 and less than 30
• Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) 0 or TIMI 1 ow in the M1 or M2 of MCA, ICA, basilar or vertebral arteries
conrmed by angiography that is accessible to the Solitaire™ FR device or Concentric Medical’s MERCI device
• Subject is able to be treated within 8 hours of stroke symptoms onset with minimum of one deployment of the
Solitaire™ FR device or Concentric Medical’s MERCI device
• Subject who is ineligible or failed intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) therapy given at local institutions
or within national practice. (Note: Failed IV-tPA is dened as subjects with occlusion present 61 minutes or more after
start of IV therapy)
• Subject is willing to conduct follow-up visits
Exclusion Criteria
Subjects were considered ineligible for study participation if they met any of the following exclusion criteria:
• NIHSS score of 30 or greater
• Neurological signs that are rapidly improving prior to or at time of treatment
• Females who are pregnant or lactating
• Known serious sensitivity to radiographic contrast agents
• Current participation in another investigational drug or device study
• Uncontrolled hypertension dened as systolic blood pressure >185 or diastolic blood pressure >110 that cannot be
controlled except with continuous parenteral antihypertensive medication
• Use of warfarin anticoagulation with INR > 3.0
• Platelet count < 30,000
• Glucose < 50 mg/dl
• Arterial tortuosity that would prevent the device from reaching the target vessel
• Life expectancy of less than 90 days
• Additionally, subjects were also considered ineligible for study participation if they met any of the following imaging
exclusion criteria:
• CT or MRI evidence of hemorrhage on presentation
• CT showing hypodensity or MR showing hyperintensity involving greater than 1/3 of the middle cerebral artery
(MCA) territory (or in other territories, >100 cc of tissue) on presentation
• CT or MRI evidence of mass eect or intracranial tumor (except small meningioma)
• Angiographic evidence of carotid dissection, complete cervical carotid occlusions, or vasculitis
Study Endpoints
The primary eectiveness endpoint of the study is successful recanalization with no symptomatic hemorrhage (SRNH),
dened as achieving TIMI 2 or 3 ow in all treatable vessels without any presence of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage.
• Successful recanalization is dened as achieving TIMI 2 or 3 ow in all treatable vessels.
• Successful recanalization of the MCA includes all M1 and M2 segments, internal carotid terminus lesions include the
ICA, M1 and both M2 branches, and posterior circulation includes both the vertebral and basilar arteries.
Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage is dened as any PH1, PH2, RIH, SAH, or IVH associated with a decline in NIHSS ≥ 4
within 24hrs.
Results
Fifty eight (58) randomized Solitaire™ FR Revascularization Device and thirty one (31) roll-in patients were treated with
the Solitaire™ FR Revascularization device in the SWIFT study. The median age and NIHSS at the time of treatment were
66 years and 17, respectively. Data from this study demonstrate that the Solitaire™ FR Revascularization Device is noninferior to the Merci device for arterial recanalization of the occluded target vessel without any presence of symptomatic
intracranial hemorrhage. A summary of the subject disposition is presented below.
All subjects who were consented and randomized were included in the intention-to-treat (ITT) population. The ITT
population included all subjects with data for a given endpoint; results were assessed according to randomized assignment
regardless of the treatment actually received.
The primary ecacy analysis (successful recanalization measured by TIMI ow without symptomatic hemorrhage) was
performed using a one-sided test under Blackwelder’s method of testing non-inferiority at the 0.025 level of signicance.
The primary safety endpoint of device- and/or procedure related Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) was evaluated descriptively.
Note: The SFR4-3-20-10, SFR4-3-40-10, SFR4-4-20-05, SFR4-4-20-10, SFR4-4-40-10, SFR4-6-20-10, SFR4-6-24-06 and
SFR4-6-40-10 models were not evaluated as part of the SWIFT study.
Roll-in
Randomized
Solitaire™ FR
device
Randomized
Concentric
Medical
MERCI™ device
Overall
11
Successful Revascularization without Symptomatic Hemorrhage (ITT)
Table 14. Primary Eectiveness Endpoint–
Randomized
Solitaire™ FR
Success Criteria
device
% (n/N)
[95% CI]1
N= 58
Successful
revascularization (TIMI
2/3) without use of
rescue therapy or
60.7% (34/56)5
[45.7%, 74.4%]
incidence of protocoldened bleed events
1
Clopper-Pearson method for estimating exact binomial condence intervals adjusted for interim analysis.
2
Exact Unconditional Condence Limits for the Risk Dierence adjusted for interim analysis.
3
One-sided non-inferiority test based on Wald method at α=0.025 adjusted for interim analysis.
4
Two-sided Fisher’s Exact p-value adjusted for interim analysis.
5
2 subjects from the randomized Solitaire™ FR cohort and 1 from the randomized Concentric Medical Merci™ device cohorts were
not included in the analysis because imaging data was not available from assessment by the Core Lab.
Randomized
Concentric
Medical Merci™
device % (n/N)
[95% CI]1 N= 55
24.1% (13/54)5
[12.8%, 38.8%]
Randomized
Dierence
2
[95% CI]
36.6% [16.9%,
54.7%]
Randomized.
Non-inferiority
∆ = 0.10
p-value
Randomized
3
<0.00010.0003
Superiority
p-value
Table 15. Major Secondary Eectiveness Endpoint –
Time to Achieve Initial Recanalization (ITT)
Randomized
Solitaire™ FR
Characteristic
device
Mean ± SD
[Median] (min,
max)
2
47.0 ± 37.3 [36.0]
(5.0, 178.0)
(n=47)
Time from mechanical thrombectomy start
to rst TIMI 2 or 3 ow (minutes) (failures of
revascularization - total procedure time)
1
P-values obtained from Wilcoxon’s rank-sum test for nonparametric variables.
2
Patient who failed to achieve recanalization had total procedure time included.
Unavailability of data contributed to fewer subjects analyzed compared to the cohort sample size.
Concentric
Medical Merci™
device
Mean ± SD
[Median] (min,
max)
58.7 ± 33.8 [52.0]
(13.0, 160.0)
(n=46)
Randomized
p-value
0.0376
Table 16. Primary Safety Endpoint –
Incidence of Device- and Procedure-Related Serious Adverse Events (ITT)
Characteristic
Roll – In
(all Solitaire™
FR)
N=31
Rand
Solitaire™ FR
N=58
Study Device Related12.9% (4/31) [5]8.6% (5/58) [7]16.4% (9/55) [13]0.2601
Infarct involving greater than 1/3 of the MCA territory4
No mismatch on MRI1
Other11
Total391
SAFETY AND EFFECTIVENESS INFORMATION INDICATION 3
DEFUSE 3 Clinical Study
The Endovascular Therapy Following Imaging Evaluation for Ischemic Stroke (DEFUSE 3) study was a multicenter,
randomized, open-label trial, with blinded outcome assessment, of thrombectomy in patients 6 to 16 hours after they
were last known to be well and who had remaining ischemic brain tissue that was not yet infarcted. Patients with proximal
middle-cerebral-artery or internal-carotid-artery occlusion, an initial infarct size of less than 70 ml, and a ratio of the
volume of ischemic tissue on perfusion imaging to infarct volume of 1.8 or more were randomly assigned to endovascular
therapy (thrombectomy) plus standard medical therapy (endovascular-therapy group) or standard medical therapy
alone (medical-therapy group). Within the endovascular therapy plus standard medical therapy group, the Solitaire™
endovascular therapy group (Solitaire™ group) was dened as those subjects where the Solitaire™ Revascularization Device
was used rst amongst other mechanical thrombectomy devices.
Inclusion Criteria
Subjects were considered eligible for the study if they satised all of the following inclusion criteria:
• Signs and symptoms consistent with the diagnosis of an acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke
• Age 18-90 years
• Baseline NIHSSS is ≥ 6 and remains ≥6 immediately prior to randomization
• Endovascular treatment can be initiated (vascular puncture) between 6 and 16 hours of stroke onset. Stroke onset is
dened as the time the patient was last known to be at their neurologic baseline (wake-up strokes are eligible if they
meet the above time limits).
• Modied Rankin Scale less than or equal to 2 prior to qualifying stroke (functionally independent for all ADLs)
14
• Patient/Legally Authorized Representative has signed the Informed Consent form.
In addition, neuroimaging inclusion criteria included:
• ICA or MCA-M1 occlusion (carotid occlusions can be cervical or intracranial; with or without tandem MCA lesions) by
MRA or CTA
AND
• Target Mismatch Prole on CT perfusion or MRI (ischemic core volume is < 70 ml, mismatch ratio is > 1.8 and mismatch
volume* is > 15 ml)
*Notes: The mismatch volume is determined by the RAPID software in real time based on the dierence between the
ischemic core lesion volume and the Tmax>6s lesion volume. If both a CT perfusion and a multimodal MRI scan are
performed prior to enrollment, the later of the 2 scans is assessed to determine eligibility. Only an intracranial MRA is
required for patients screened with MRA; cervical MRA is not required. Cervical and intracranial CTA are typically obtained
simultaneously in patients screened with CTA, but only the intracranial CTA is required for enrollment.
Alternative neuroimaging inclusion criteria (if perfusion imaging or CTA/MRA is technically inadequate):
• If CTA (or MRA) is technically inadequate:
a. Tmax>6s perfusion decit consistent with an ICA or MCA-M1 occlusion
AND
b. Target Mismatch Prole (ischemic core volume is < 70 ml, mismatch ratio is >1.8 and mismatch volume is >15 ml
as determined by RAPID software)
• If MRP is technically inadequate:
a. IC A or MCA-M1 occlusion (carotid occlusions can be cervical or intracranial; with or without tandem MCA lesions)
by MRA (or CTA, if MRA is technically inadequate and a CTA was performed within 60 minutes prior to the MRI)
AND
b. DWI lesion volume < 25 ml
• If CTP is technically inadequate:
a. Patient can be screened with MRI and randomized if neuroimaging criteria are met.
Exclusion Criteria
Subjects were considered ineligible for study participation if they met any of the following exclusion criteria:
• Other serious, advanced, or terminal illness (investigator judgment) or life expectance is less than 6 months.
• Pre-existing medical, neurological or psychiatric disease that would confound the neurological or functional
evaluations
• Pregnant
• Unable to undergo a contrast brain perfusion scan with either MRI or CT
• Known allergy to iodine that precludes an endovascular procedure
• Treated with tPA >4.5 hours after time last known well
• Treated with tPA 3-4.5 hours after last known well AND any of the following: age >80, current anticoagulant use,
history of diabetes AND prior stroke, NIHSS >25
• Known hereditary or acquired hemorrhagic diathesis, coagulation factor deciency; recent oral anticoagulant therapy
with INR > 3 (recent use of one of the new oral anticoagulants is not an exclusion if estimated GFR > 30 ml/min).
• Seizures at stroke onset if it precludes obtaining an accurate baseline NIHSS
• Baseline blood glucose of <50mg/dL (2.78 mmol) or >400mg/dL (22.20 mmol)
• Current participation in another investigational drug or device study
• Presumed septic embolus; suspicion of bacterial endocarditis
• Clot retrieval attempted using a neurothrombectomy device prior to 6 hours from symptom onset
• Any other condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, precludes an endovascular procedure or poses a signicant
hazard to the subject if an endovascular procedure was performed.
In addition, neuroimaging exclusion criteria included:
• ASPECT score <6 on non-contrast CT (if patient is enrolled based on CT perfusion criteria)
• Evidence of intracranial tumor (except small meningioma) acute intracranial hemorrhage, neoplasm, or arteriovenous
malformation
• Signicant mass eect with midline shift
• Evidence of internal carotid artery dissection that is ow limiting or aortic dissection
• Intracranial stent implanted in the same vascular territory that precludes the safe deployment/removal of the
neurothrombectomy device
• Acute symptomatic arterial occlusions in more than one vascular territory conrmed on CTA/MRA (e.g., bilateral MCA
occlusions, or an MCA and a basilar artery occlusion).
Study Endpoints
The primary eectiveness endpoint of the study is 90-day blinded evaluation of modied Rankin Scale (mRS). Secondary
ecacy endpoints were 1) functional independence at 90 days, dened as an mRS score ≤2 at day 90; and 2) change in
NIHSS score between baseline and 24 hours of >8 points or a 24-hour NIHSS of 0-1.
The primary safety outcomes were death within 90 days and the occurrence of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage
within 36 hours, dened as an increase of at least 4 points in the NIHSS score that was associated with brain hemorrhage on
imaging within 36 hours after symptom onset.
Results
The DEFUSE 3 study included a total of 182 subjects (92 in the endovascular therapy group and 90 in the control group).
Solitaire™ was the rst device used amongst all mechanical thrombectomy devices for 38 subjects in the endovascular
therapy group. The intention-to-treat (ITT) Analysis Cohort is thus comprised of 90 in the control group and 38 in the
Solitaire™ group.
The DEFUSE 3 study allowed IV t-PA use beyond 3 hours, although IV t-PA is not approved in the United States beyond
3 hours. A total of 11 subjects (5 from the control group, 6 from the Solitaire™ group) were excluded from the primary
and secondary ecacy endpoint analyses due to receiving IV t-PA beyond 3 hours and/or carotid stenting. Therefore, the
primary and secondary ecacy endpoint analyses consist of 117 subjects (Analysis Cohort - mITT). In the mIT T Analysis
Cohort, subjects with multiple interventions (n=8) were treated as failures. All analyses presented for the Analysis Cohort
(ITT and mITT) are post-hoc analyses. As such, there may be uncertainty in the interpretation of the clinical study results
and any statistically meaningful conclusions due to the post-hoc nature of the analyses, limitations in sample size, and lack
of pre-specied hypothesis testing.
A summary of the subject disposition is presented below.
Table 22. Summary of Subject Disposition (Analysis Cohort - ITT )
Standard summary statistics were calculated for all study variables and subject data were analyzed according to the group
to which they were randomized. For continuous variables, statistics included means, standard deviations, medians and
interquartile ranges. Categorical variables were summarized in frequency distributions.
Analyses were carried out consistent with the intent to treat principle, in that the randomized assignments in DEFUSE 3
were preserved in making group assignments, and subjects in whom Solitaire™ was the rst device used constitute the
(Analysis Cohort - ITT).Hypothesis testing, including comparison of the primary ecacy endpoint between treatment
groups, was conducted using two-sided tests with p-values less than 0.05 deemed signicant.
For adverse event reporting, the primary analysis is based on subject counts, not event counts. Both subject counts and
event counts are presented in tabular summaries of results.
Note: The SFR4-3-20-10, SFR4-3-40-10, SFR4-4-20-05, SFR4-4-20-10, SFR4-4-40-10, SFR4-6-20-10, SFR4-6-24-06 and
SFR4-6-40-10 models were not evaluated as part of the DEFUSE 3 study.
Table 28. Reperfusion and Recanalization 24 hours Post-Procedure
(Analysis Cohort - mITT) *
Solitaire™
Outcome
Reperfusion rate (%) at 24h
Successful reperfusion (>90%) at 24h83.3% (20/24)17.5% (11/63)
Complete recanalization at 24h82.8% (24/29)19.2% (14/73)
* Results are presented for subjects in the mITT analysis cohort with available data. Reperfusion percentage and successful reperfusion
were available for 24 of 32 subjects in the Solitaire™ group, and 63 of 85 subjects in the control group. Complete recanalization was
available for 29 of 32 subjects in the Solitaire™ group and 73 of 85 subjects in the control group.
Mean ± SD (N)
[Median] (IQR)
or % (n/N)
92.6 ± 20.2 (24)
[100.0] (99.0,100.0)
Control
Mean ± SD (N)
[Median] (IQR)
or % (n/N)
48.7 ± 46.0 (63)
[53.8] (24.7,84.7)
Table 29. NIHSS through Day 90 (Analysis Cohort - ITT)
Solitaire™
(n=32)
Control
(n=85)
Figure 5: mRS at 90 days (Analysis Cohort – mITT)
Patients (%)
Table 25. Secondary Ecacy Endpoint, mRS 0-2 at 90 days (Analysis Cohort – mITT)
Outcome
Functional Independence
(mRS 0-2) at 90 days
Solitaire™
% (n/N)
31.2% (10/32)15.3% (13/85)
Control
% (n/N)
Table 26. Early Neurological Improvement at 24h (Analysis Cohort - ITT)
Outcome
Early neurological improvement31.6% (12/38)5.6% (5/89*)
*Note: NIHSS at 24 hours, which is needed to compute early neurological improvement, was available for 89 of 90 subjects in the
control group.
“-” indicates not reported in Solitaire™ or Control group
Table 33. Procedure Related Adverse Events by MedDRA Classication
(Analysis Cohort - ITT)
System Organ ClassPreferred Term
TOTALTO TAL28.9% (11/38) [14]4.4% (4/90) [4]
Cardiac disorders-2.6% (1/38) [1]1.1% (1/90) [1]
-Atrial brillation-1.1% (1/90) [1]
-Bradycardia2.6% (1/38) [1]-
Injury, poisoning and
procedural complications
-Vascular pseudoaneurysm 2.6% (1/38) [1]-
Nervous system disorders-23.7% (9/38) [10]1.1% (1/90) [1]
-Brain oedema2.6% (1/38) [1]-
-Cerebellar haemorrhage2.6% (1/38) [1]-
-Cerebral haemorrhage-1.1% (1/90) [1]
-Cerebrovascular accident2.6% (1/38) [1]-
-
Vascular disorders-5.3% (2/38) [2]-
-Haematoma2.6% (1/38) [1]-
-Vessel perforation2.6% (1/38) [1]-
General disorders and
administration site conditions
-Infusion site extravasation-1.1% (1/90) [1]
Investigations--1.1% (1/90) [1]
-Troponin increased-1.1% (1/90) [1]
“-” indicates not reported in Solitaire™ or Control group
Haemorrhagic
transformation stroke
- 2.6% (1/38) [1]-
--1.1% (1/90) [1]
Solitaire™
% (n/N) [events]
18.4% (7/38) [7]-
Control
% (n/N) [events]
WARRANTY DISCLAIMER
Although this product has been manufactured under carefully controlled conditions, the manufacturer has no control over
the conditions under which this product is used. The manufacturer therefore disclaims all warranties, both expressed and
implied, with respect to the product including, but not limited to, any implied warranty of merchantability or tness for
a particular purpose. The manufacturer shall not be liable to any person or entity for any medical expenses or any direct,
incidental or consequential damages caused by any use, defect, failure or malfunction of the product, whether a claim for
such damages is based upon warranty, contract, tort or otherwise. No person has any authority to bind the manufacturer
to any representation or warranty with respect to the product. The exclusions and limitation set out above are not intended
to, and should not be construed so as to contravene mandatory provisions of applicable law. If any part or term of this
Disclaimer of Warranty is held illegal, unenforceable or in conict with applicable law by a court of competent jurisdiction,
the validity of the remaining portions of this Disclaimer of Warranty shall not be aected, and all rights and obligations
shall be construed and enforced as if this Disclaimer of Warranty did not contain the particular part or term held to be
invalid.
19
Symbol Glossary
Sterilized using ethylene oxide
Do not re-use
Caution: Federal (USA) law restricts this device to sale by or on the order
of a physician
Do not resterilize
Consult instructions for use at this website
Caution
Non-pyrogenic
Keep away from sunlight
Keep dry
Catalogue number
Manufacturer
Use-by date
Batch code
Contents of Package
Inner Diameter (Compatible Catheter)
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23
Micro Therapeutics, Inc.
d/b/a ev3 Neurovascular
9775 Toledo Way
Irvine, CA 92618
USA