Some
rear
however, are restricted to 8-bit audio output,
Card,
rior
rather
reo
your
matically disables
Macintosh
panel
audio
OUT Connectors
Macintosh.
on
than
for
the
quality
the
models (such
connecting
other
hand,
by
output
That
output
as
the
Quadra,
audio
accommodates 16-bit
using
connectors
on
your
is, connecting
through
the
Patch
output
Stereo
on
Panel
an
the
OUT Connectors
the
Macintosh
devices (such as speakers).
rear
take
output
LC,
and
IIci)
maximum.
audio
panel
priority
device to
output. You'll receive supe-
on
of
your
over
connectors.
•
provide
Your
your
PAS
your
Patch
Macintosh.
the
connections
Patch Panel
jack(s)
These
16
Sound
Panel
The
on
the
jacks,
Ste-
on
auto-
27
U::iING
YOUR
PAS
16
Mac
EQUIPMENT
MIDI Connectors
Your Patch Panel provides two separate MIDI Connectors - MIDI
Out.
You can connect a variety of different MIDI devices to these connectors for
receiving
input
from a MIDI device,
and
for directing
MIDI
In
output
In
and
to a MIDI device.
•
••
••••
MIDI Out
••••
•
MIDI
Both connectors accept
that
came
with
your
MIDI device before attaching
standard
MIDI -type jacks. Please consult
it
to
the
MIDI connectors.
the
manuals
28
SOUND THEORY
If
u tree fulls
Probably -because
molecules
vibrations.
tions
into
in
the forest
any
around
That
information
is,
it,
our
and
ears
our
but
object
the
sense
brains
no
one
moving
human
vibrating
interpret
is
there
through
auditol)'
air
as
to
hear
space
system
molecules
sound.
it,
does
moves
is
highly
and
it
make
(or, vibrates)
sensitive
translate
u
sound?
the
the
to
air
such
vibra-
Whether
by
plucking a guitar
vibrating
and,
This
come
sounds
than
You
Sound
ories,
appreciate
ware
it's a
air
molecules
normally,
is a
vel)'
into
playas
louder
others?
don't
need
Card
especially
you've
and
the
purchased
tree
falling
distinguish
simple
we
than
others?
to
be
software. However,
as
they
power
in
the
string,
explanation
explore
an
the
and
translate
from
the
and,
expert
relate
and
sophistication
and
installed
forest, a
principal
them
other
why
on
to
sounds.
of
the
theol)'
do
sound
if
you
computer
on
telephone
is
always
into
noises
theol)'
further.
some
to get
of
your
of
For
sounds
the
have a basic
equipment,
the
Media
Macintosh.
ringing,
the
same -our
our
sound.
example,
please
most
understanding
you'll
Vision
or
brains
Many
out
of
vibrations
ears
can
discern
other
why
our
your
more
hardware
factors
are
senses
PAS
readily
emitted
detect
some
more
16
of
the
and
the
the-
soft-
SOUND
lHEORY
Principles of Sound
Sound
represents
something like this:
So
use
Amplitude describes a
it
The
As
than
is often
that
we
a variety of
is. Amplitude is
higher
shown
does
shown
many
can more easily
below,
the
different aspects of
tenns
and
lower
softer portion.
measured
the
louder
graphically as a line called a waveform.
the
sound's characteristics
understand
to
name
sound's
the
peaks
them -such
strength,
by
the
of
portion of
and
discuss a sound's characteristics,
as amplitude, period,
which
vertical range (or, height) of
the
wavefonn,
the
really
sound
detennines
the
louder
has
higher
The
or
softer
and
wavefonn
and
might look
and
frequency.
just
how
the
wavefonn.
the
lower
we
loud
sound.
peaks
Amplitude
Period measures
the
distance
Period
between
any
LJLJ
Louder Softer
two
successive
peaks
in
a wavefonn.
30
Macintosh Sounds
Frequency
measures
the
number
second.
We typically
above
second
measures 7 Hz
time
measure
interval.
frequency
because
Macintosh Sounds
Sound
because
our
ceive
we
perceive
our
auditory
sounds
with
ears directly
senses. Your
in
an
analog format.
our
measure
Macintosh
of
peaks
One
Second Time Interval
in
hertz (Hz)
it
contains
ears
is
best
described
and
interpret
has
that
or
seven
no
auditory
occur
in a wavefonn
kilohertz (kHz).
peaks
(or, cycles)
as analog
vibrating
air
senses,
within
The
waveform
within
sound.
This
molecules
so
it
cannot
one
the
one
is
using
per-
Digitized Sound
Your PAS
ware)
numeric
in
much
and
so forth.
When
•
•
Your PAS 16
steps
mation
16
Sound
into
digitized
(or, digital)
the
same
digitizing a
It
analyzes
and
converts
called
As
cate
sampling,
part
of
the
amplitude
Sound
in
memory
using
various
the
the
(RAM)
Card
sound.
way
waveform,
the
analysis,
converts
That
values.
Your
it
processes
your
waveform
information
and
you'llleam
your
of
the
Card
stores
or
on
every
waveform.
the
your
software programs.
waveforms
is,
it
processes
Macintosh
other
PAS
information -such
16
1/44,000
from analog
more
PAS
16
Sound
information
hard
disk. You
(as
the
can
Sound
of a second
to
about
it
they
pass
waveform
then
process
Card
Card
does
digital
it
format
in a moment).
also stores a
gathers
can
then
through
and
turns
the
digital
as
text, graphics,
the
following:
(maximum
(this
value
from
the
preceding
manipulate
the
hard-
it
into
values
potential)
analyses
to
the
is
indi-
infor-
31
tiUUNU
THEORY
Sound Sampling
While digitizing sound,
and
this can
sound
stored
The
sound
the
The
sampling
on
process of sampling
is
sampled
following illustration graphically
wavefonn
ORIGINAL
Before digitizing and sampling. the
original. analog waveform is a stream
of
continuous information. as shown
by
here
occur
and
disk
or
occupying
lost.
In
many
sound
and
its digitized
WAVEFORM
the solid lines.
your
thousands
one
of
the
means
cases, however,
is
imperceptible
and
Macintosh
of
times
reasons
memory)
that
some
to
sampled
analyzes a "slice" of
per
second. This process
it
is
used
is
to
keep
to a practical
infonnation
the
difference
the
human
shows
the
and
from
between
ear.
difference
counterpart:
the
wavefonn
is
known
sounds
(whether
manageable size.
the
original analog
the
original
between
an
original
-
as
and
32
DIGITIZED/SAMPLED
During sampling. the original
waveform is
times each second.
then converted into
information your Macintosh can use.
Note
that
a solid line.
infonnation
analyzed
the
Digitized/Sampled Wavefonn appears as a series
This
from
WAVEFORM
thousands
Each
sample is
digital
illustrates
the
original
data.
of
that
one,
the
resulting
and
,
...
wavefonn
the
infonnation
".
~
. .
.'
contains
is
distributed
..
...
..
'
of
.'
0:
...
:
dots
only
...
.""
..
""'
..
rather
part
as
digitized
'.
than
of
the
The
standard
is,
the
maximum
Your PAS 16
second).
Downsampling
Macintosh
Sound
number
Card
computer
of
sound
increases
samples
samples
this
limit
sounds
it
to 44 kHz (or, 44,010
can
at
a rate
collect
per
up
second
to 22 kHz.
is
22,254.
samples
Macintosh Sounds
That
per
Downsampling
also occurs
22 kHz.
Downsampling
also
reduces
Sound
The
determines, potentially,
ple.
mation
memory
from
data
disk.
Some
Thus,
Resolution
final
aspect
In
the
that
space,
that
particular
is
it
can
information
some
occurs
if
you
later
reduces
the
frequency
of
sound
case of a
could
store
degradation
sound
be
your
within a predetermined
about
stored
Macintosh
sample.
when
convert
you
the
disk
range
processing
the
amount
sample
is
Instead,
the
sound
in
sound
record a sound
a 22 kHz (or higher)
and
and,
very
does
memory
thus, sacrifices
you
of
information
with
very
high. So,
not
it
uses
is
lost
quality
requirements
should
high
here
attempt
an
algorithm to extract
space
as a
result
does
occur -though
at
any
rate
less
than
sound
understand
stored
amplitude,
again, to conserve
to
store all
in
memory
of
to
sound
from
this
anything
for
the
quality.
is
resolution.
each
the
amount
of
the
and, eventually,
resolution
minimal.
22 kHz.
less
sound,
sound
disk
information
only
as
factor.
than
but
This
of
infor-
and
much
It
sam-
on
it
Maximum
is,
each
can
store
where a minute
Your PAS
This
bits.
store
retained -with
with
achieve
sound.
sound
time a sound
within
16
Mac
more
each
using
resolution
8-bits.
amount
increases
than
doubles
sound
the
results
8-bit
sound
sample
(Think
of
information
your
sample
being
resolution,
on
the
is
taken,
of
a
Macintosh's
the
amount
it
takes.
significantly
standard
your
Mac
bit
as
an
individual
can
be
of
information
Thus, a great
and
more
Macintosh
saves
stored.)
sound
better
resolution
deal
sound
disk
space
computer
only
as
location
your
Macintosh
more
quality
required
is
8-bits.
much
information
data
in
memory
capacity
than
to
store
to
you
That
as
16-
can
is
it
can
the
33
Notes
Table
3·
Pro Audio Spectrum
16
Mac
Specifications
SIGNAL QUALITY
Dynamic
Filtering
SYNTHESIS: YAMAHA
4
Operator
Range
(1 V p-p
and
Signal to
reference)
Noise
YMF262
•
Synthesized
•
Sampled
MODE OPTIONS
• 6 four-operator
operator
• 6 four-operator
operator
operator)
audio
voices
voices
mixed
and 5 rhythm
audio: -75dB
(PCM): -85dB
melody
melody
voices
voices
with
6 two-
with
3 two-
voices (four
AUDIO MIXING
Input
8
Microphone 4 channel
SYSTEM INPUTS/OUTPUTS
4 Line-level
Dual
Standard
VOLUME
Master
stereo
RCA
Headphone
Joystick
CONTROL
volume
audio
inputs
mixing
external
output
I5-pin
with
independent
line-in
(mini-stereo)
audio
left/right
(stereo)
o to -62dB
channel
(ldB/step)
control
35
Notes
700-0233
QUICK START SHEET
FOR
PRO-AUDIO SPECTRUM
First please verify that all
package. These are described on page 3 of the Pro AudioSpectrum 16 Installation
Guide.
Next, verify that your system meets the basic requirements described on page
of the
Pro
AudioSpectrum 16 (PAS 16) Installation Guide.
ofthe
necessary components were included
16
(Mac]
in
your
2
HARDWARE INSTALLATION
1 Remove the cover of your Macintosh system. If you are not
familiar with this procedure, please reference your system
manuals or the
2 Discharge any static electricity present in your body by
lightly touching
located at the rear right side of your system chassis) inside
your computer.
3 Next insert the card into the computer. First select the
desired NuBus slot that you wish to use.
PAS 16 Installation Guide.
the
Mac power supply (the metal
"box"
To insert the card, hold it by it's top edges and carefully
so
position it over the NuBus slot
16
aligns with
that the connector seats fully over the slot.
the card into the slot!
remove the card, re-seat it, and try again.
NOTE:
from your local Mac dealer.
NOTE FOR MAC
basically identical, with the exception
the Mac. Refer to page
Guide for a more detailed description of this procedure.
Mac
IIsi
systems require a Nubus slot adapter. These are available
4 Replace the cover of your Macintosh system.
S Connect the interface cable to the connector on the rear of
PAS
your
Macintosh). Attach
matching connector found on the
6 Position the Patch Panel so that it is easily accessible within
your workspace.
LC
the
slot. Gently push down on the PAS
If
you encounter undue resistance;
16
(now visible at the the rear panel of your
the
other end of the cable to the
USERS: The installation procedure for
12
ofthe
Pro AudioSpectrum 16 Installation
the connector on the PAS
DO
Patch Panel.
ofthe
way you plug the card
16
so
NOT force
an
LC
Bus is
in
7CJO..0260
SOFTWARE
1 Insert the Sound Tools diskette into any drive. Double click on
the icon that appears shortly thereafter. This will expand into a
''window'' that contains the following
• Joystick
• PAS 16
• Sound Tools 16
• PAS 16 Mixer
2 Double-click your hard drive ie",", so that it expands into a
''window''. Find your
INSTALLATION
4 icons:
System Folder.
3 Individually
on
to the System Folder and release the mouse button (the
System Folder icon will
positioned
4 Drag the Sound Tools 16 icon to your hard disk (or the folder
where you wish to store the program),
drag
the Joystick, PAS 16, and
for
this transfer).
turn
black when each icon
and
PAS
16 Mixer icons
is
properly
release the mouse
button.
s Make sure that have selected the PAS 16 microphone icon
in
(located
the Sound control panel under the "Control Panels"
option of the Apple menu).
Now your PAS 16 hardware
use. Refer to your
ries.
Sound
and
Tools
software should
16
User's Guide
be
properly installed and ready
for
instructions for using theso acccsso
NOTE: Your Sound Tools 16 icon's appearance is slightly different than
it
appears in your publications. We apologize fGi any inconveniences this
may have caused you.
TROUBLESHOOTING
for
as
Problem: I am unable
SOLlmON:
level
in
Make certain that the desired input level is raised to an adequat{)
the
PAS 16 mixer.
to
RECORD
These slider switches correspond by number to the input ports
panel
Problem: I am
SOLlmON:
headphone jack
Make
make
(1,2,3,4, and Mic
not
getting any
First, connect a set of personal stereo headphones to the
on
the patch panel to detennine
sure
that
the volume level (in
sure
that
the
"Mute Inputs"
In)
files:
output
button
on
when attempting
if
the
PAS 16 Mixer) is adequate. Also
is
not
depressed.
to
PLAY files:
your speakers are working.
the patch
QUICK START SHEET FOR
PRO-AUDIO SPECTRUM
16
(Mac)
First please verify that all of the necessary components were included in your
package. These are described on page 3 of the
Guide.
AudioSpectrum
16
Installation
Pro
Next, verify that your system meets the basic requirements described on page 2
of the
Pro
AudioSpectrum
16
(PAS
16)
Installation Guide.
HARDWARE INSTALLATION
1 Remove the cover of your Macintosh system.
familiar with this procedure, please reference your system
manuals or the
2 Discharge any static electricity present in your body by
PAS
16
Installation Guide.
lightly touching the Mac power supply (the metal
located at the rear right side of your system chassis) inside
your computer.
3 Next insert the card into the computer. First select the
NuB
desired
us slot that you wish to use.
If
you are not
"box"
NOTE:
To insert the card, hold
position it over the
16
aligns with the slot. Gently push down on the PAS
NuB
that the connector seats fully over the slot.
the card into the slot!
remove the card, re-seat
Mac lIsi systems require a Nubus slot adapter. These are available
it
by it's top edges and carefully
us
slot so the connector on the
DO
If
you encounter undue resistance;
it,
and try again.
from your local Mac dealer.
4 Replace the cover of your Macintosh system.
5 Connect the interface cable to the connector on the rear of
PAS
16
your
(now visible at the the rear panel of your
Macintosh). Attach the other end of the cable to the
matching connector found on the
6 Position the Patch Panel so that
Patch Panel.
it
is easily accessible within
your workspace.
NOTE
basically identical, with the exception
the Mac. Refer to page
Guide
FOR
MAC
for
a more detailed description of this procedure.
LC
USERS: The installation procedure
12
of the
ofthe
Pro
AudioSpectrum
way you plug the card
16
Installation
16
NOT force
for
an
LC
PAS
so
Bus is
in
700-0260
SOFfWARE
INSTALLATION
1 Insert the Sound Tools diskette into any drive. Double click
the
icon that appears shortly thereafter. This will expand into a
''window''
• Joystick
• PAS 16
• Sound Tools 16
• PAS 16 Mixer
2 Double-click your
''window''. Find your
3 Individually
on
to the System Folder
System Folder icon will
positioned for this transfer).
4 Drag the Sound Tools
where you wish to store the program),
button.
5 Make sure that have selected
(located
option of the Apple menu).
that contains the following 4 icons:
hard
drive icon, so that it expands into a
System Folder.
drag
the Joystick, PAS 16, and PAS 16 Mixer icons
and
release the mouse button (the
turn
in
black
16
icon to your hard disk (or the folder
the
the
Sound control panel under the "Control Panels"
when
and
PAS 16 microphone
each icon is properly
release the mouse
icon·
on
Now your
use. Refer to your Sound
ries.
NOTE: Your
it appears
may have caused you.
PAS 16 hardware
Sound
in
your publications. We apologize for any inconveniences this
and
software should
Tools
Tools 16 icon's appearance is slightly different than
16
User's
Guide
be
properly installed and ready
for
instructions for using these accesso
TROUBLESHOOTING
Problem: I am unable
SOLlITION:
level
in
These slider switches correspond
panel (1,2,3,4,
Problem: I am
SOLUTION: First, connect a set of personal stereo headphones to the
headphone jack
Make certain
the
PAS
not
to
RECORD
that
16
mixer.
and
Mic In)
getting any output when attempting
on
the
patch
files:
the desired
by
number
panel
to
input
to
determine
level is raised to
the
if
your speakers are worki
input
to
ports
PLAY files:
an
adequatll
on
the patch
for
as
ng.
Make
make
sure
sure
that
that
the
volume
the
"Mute Inputs"
level (in
button
the
PAS 16 Mixer) is adequate. Also
is
not
depressed.
Pro AudioSpectrum
16
(Macintosh) Addendum
Please
This
information
Read
addendum
that
AudioSpectrum
This
addendum
• Configuring
describes
and
Aligning
contains
was
16
the
omitted
Installation Guide.
following information:
The
Joystick
additional
from your
Version
Pro
1.0
PN
700-0237
Addendum
Pro AudioSpectrum
16
Joystick Registration & Alignment
If
you use a Joystick
Control Panel
(CDEV)
and registering the Joystick ensures that your PAS 16 hardware
software are accepting information from the Joystick correctly. Before
you open the Joystick Control Panel make sure you connect the
Joystick to the Patch Panel (see page
To
register and align the joystick:
1.
Select Control Panels from the Apple
System menu.
2.
Double-click on the Joystick icon. The
Joystick Control Panel appears.
with
your PAS 16, you'll want to use the Joystick
to align and register your joystick. Aligning
14
of your Installation Guide).
and
QOn
@Off
JoyStick
2
Pro AudioSpectrum
3.
Press the Center button. A dialog box
appears asking you to center the Joystick. Press the
"return
16
key"
when
you are finished.
Jo Stick
Center the Joystick, release
it, and then press the
'return' key.
Addendum
3
Addendum
4.
Pro AudioSpectrum
Click on the Measure
OK
button when the Alert box appears. This
button allows the
L,R,T,
Left,
B button. Click on the
Right, Top and Bottom
limits of your Joystick to be registered and aligned.
16
Moue the Joystick full
Right,
Up,
and Down.
Press:
the button when done.
left,
4
Pro AudioSpectrum
16
Addendum
5. Move the Joystick full Left, Right, Up,
and
Notice how the cross hairs move inside the
alignment window.
Jo Stick
()
On
(~)
Off
(
t~?
n
t~?r.
)
lr
____
Do_n_e_~)
Down.
If
you
the Done button
These settings are now the default for your Joystick.
want
6.
to disable the Joystick, click on the Off radio button. Press
when
you are finished.
Click on the Close box to exit the Joystick Control
Panel.
. .'
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