Measurement Specialties 9116 User Manual
Model 9116
Intelligent Pressure Scanner
User’s Manual
August 2007
NetScanner™ System
www.PressureSystems.com
Pressure Systems, Inc. Model 9116 User’s Manual
REVISION REVISION HISTORY PRINT DATE
1
Updated manual terminology and deleted all
April 2004
references to UDP Query and to O-ring part
numbers.
2 Update terminology November 2004
3 Update commands August 2007
©This User’s Manual is a copyright product of Pressure Systems, Inc. , 2007.
Permission is hereby granted to make copies and distribute verbatim copies of this manual,
provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved on all copies.
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Pressure Systems, Inc. Model 9116 User’s Manual
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: General Information ...........................................................................................1
1.1 Introduction ..............................................................................................................1
1.2 Description of the Instrument ....................................................................................... 2
1.2.1 Differences Between Models 9016 and 9116................................................... 3
1.3 Options.........................................................................................................................5
1.3.1 Pressure Ranges.............................................................................................. 5
1.3.2 Manifolds and Pressure Connections............................................................... 5
1.3.3 Communication Interfaces................................................................................ 6
Chapter 2: Installation and Set Up ......................................................................................7
2.1 Unpacking and Inspection............................................................................................ 7
2.2 Safety Considerations ..................................................................................................7
2.3 Preparation for Use ......................................................................................................7
2.3.1 Environment .....................................................................................................7
2.3.2 Power ............................................................................................................... 8
2.3.3 Mounting and Module Dimensions ................................................................... 9
2.3.4 Network Communications Hookup ................................................................... 9
2.3.4.1 Ethernet Host Port Hookup................................................................ 9
2.3.5 Diagnostic Port Hookup.................................................................................... 13
2.3.6 Pressure Connections ......................................................................................13
2.3.6.1 RUN Mode Inputs .............................................................................. 14
2.3.6.2 CAL Mode Inputs............................................................................... 15
2.3.6.3 PURGE Mode Inputs ......................................................................... 15
2.3.6.4 LEAK Mode Inputs.............................................................................16
2.3.6.5 Supply Air .......................................................................................... 16
2.3.7 Case Grounding ............................................................................................... 17
2.3.8 Trigger Input Signal ..........................................................................................17
2.3.9 Power Up Checks and Self-Diagnostics........................................................... 17
Chapter 3: Programming and Operation ............................................................................18
3.1 Commands & Responses ............................................................................................18
3.1.1 Introduction....................................................................................................... 18
3.1.1.1 TCP/UDP/IP Protocols....................................................................... 18
3.1.2 Commands ....................................................................................................... 19
3.1.2.1 General Command Format ................................................................19
3.1.2.2 Command Field ................................................................................. 20
3.1.2.3 Position Field ..................................................................................... 20
3.1.2.4 Datum Fields......................................................................................21
3.1.2.5 Format Field.......................................................................................21
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Pressure Systems, Inc. Model 9116 User’s Manual
Table of Contents (continued)
3.1.3 Responses ....................................................................................................... 22
3.1.3.1 Interpreting Offset Values (Re-zero Calibration Adjustment)............. 23
3.1.3.2 Interpreting Gain Values (Span Calibration Adjustment) ................... 23
3.1.3.3 Interpreting Engineering Units Output ............................................... 23
3.1.4 Functional Command Overview ....................................................................... 23
3.1.4.1 Startup Initialization ...........................................................................24
3.1.4.2 Module Data Acquisition.................................................................... 24
3.1.4.3 Calibration Adjustment of Offset/Gain Correction Coefficients .......... 25
3.1.4.4 Delivery of Acquired Data to Host...................................................... 26
3.1.4.5 Network Query and Control Functions............................................... 27
3.1.4.6 Other Functions ................................................................................. 27
3.2 Detailed Command Description Reference.................................................................. 28
TCP/IP Commands
Power Up Clear (Command ‘A’) ....................................................................... 29
Reset (Command ‘B’) ....................................................................................... 30
Configure/Control Multi-point Calibration (Command ‘C’) ................................31
Sub-command Index 00: Configure & Start Multi-Point Calibration.............. 32
Sub-command Index 01: Collect Data for a Calibration Point ...................... 34
Sub-command Index 02: Calculate & Apply Correction Coefficients............ 36
Sub-command Index 03: Abort Multi-Point Calibration................................. 38
Read Tranducer Voltages (Command ‘V’)........................................................39
Calculate and Set Gains (Command ‘Z’).......................................................... 41
Read Transducer A/D Counts (Command ‘a’).................................................. 43
Read High-Speed Data (Command ‘b’)............................................................ 45
Define/Control Autonomous Host Streams (Command ‘c’) .............................. 46
Sub-command Index 00: Configure a Host Delivery Stream........................ 48
Sub-command Index 01: Start Streams(s) ................................................... 52
Sub-command Index 02: Stop Stream(s) ..................................................... 54
Sub-command Index 03: Clear Stream(s) .................................................... 55
Sub-command Index 04: Return Stream Information ...................................56
Sub-command Index 05: Select Data in a Stream .......................................58
Sub-command Index 06: Select Protocol for Stream Delivery .....................61
Calculate and Set Offsets (Command ‘h’) ........................................................ 63
Read Temperature Counts (Command ‘m’) .....................................................65
Read Temperature Voltages (Command ‘n’).................................................... 67
Read Module Status (Command ‘q’) ................................................................69
Read High-Precision Data (Command ‘r’) ........................................................ 72
Read Transducer Temperature (Command ‘t’)................................................. 74
Read Internal Coefficients (Command ‘u’)........................................................76
Download Internal Coefficients (Command ‘v’) ................................................80
Set/Do Operating Options/Functions (Command ‘w’).......................................83
UDP/IP Commands
Network Query (UDP/IP Command ‘psi9000’) .................................................87
Re-Boot Module (UDP/IP Command ‘psireboot’) ............................................. 89
Change Module’s IP Address Resolution Method & Re-Boot
(UDP/IP Command ‘psirarp’) ............................................................. 90
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Pressure Systems, Inc. Model 9116 User’s Manual
Table of Contents (continued)
Chapter 4: Calibration ...........................................................................................................91
4.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 91
4.2 Re-Zero Calibration...................................................................................................... 93
4.2.1 Re-Zero Calibration Valve Control....................................................................93
4.2.2 Re-Zero Calibration Summary.......................................................................... 94
4.3 Span Calibration........................................................................................................... 94
4.3.1 Span Calibration Valve Control ........................................................................95
4.3.2 Span Calibration Summary ..............................................................................96
4.4 Integrated Multi-Point Calibration Adjustment.............................................................. 98
4.4.1 Multi-Point Calibration Valve Control................................................................ 98
4.4.2 Multi-Point Calibration Summary...................................................................... 99
4.5 Coefficient Storage....................................................................................................... 100
4.6 Line Pressure Precautions ...........................................................................................101
Chapter 5: Service .................................................................................................................102
5.1 Maintenance................................................................................................................. 102
5.1.1 Common Maintenance ..................................................................................... 104
5.1.2 Module Disassembly ........................................................................................105
5.1.3 Electronic Circuit Board Replacement.............................................................. 105
5.1.3.1 PC-327 Analog Board .........................................................................106
5.1.3.2 PC-322/323 Main Board/Power PC Daughter Board Assembly.......... 106
5.1.3.3 Remove and Replace PC-323 on PC-322........................................... 108
5.1.4 Replacement of Transducers ...........................................................................109
5.1.5 Calibration Valve Solenoid Replacement ......................................................... 110
5.1.6 Replacement of O-Rings .................................................................................. 111
5.1.6.1 DH200 Pressure Transducer O-Ring Replacement ............................ 112
5.1.6.2 Tubing Plate O-Ring Replacement...................................................... 113
5.1.6.3 Adapter Plate O-Ring Replacement .................................................... 114
5.1.6.4 Calibration Manifold Piston O-Ring Replacement ............................... 115
5.1.6.5 Solenoid Valve O-Ring Replacement .................................................. 116
5.2 Upgrading Module Firmware........................................................................................ 117
5.2.1 Upgrading Firmware Via Host TCP/IP Port ...................................................... 117
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Pressure Systems, Inc. Model 9116 User’s Manual
Table of Contents (continued)
Chapter 6: Troubleshooting Guide...................................................................................... 118
6.1 Ethernet Module Troubleshooting ................................................................................118
6.1.1 Checking Module Power-Up Sequence............................................................118
6.1.2 Checking Module TCP/IP Communications .....................................................119
6.1.2.1 Module IP Address Assignment ..........................................................119
6.1.2.2 Host IP Address Assignment for Windows® 95/98/2000/XP/NT......... 120
6.1.2.3 Verifying Host TCP/IP Communications..............................................121
6.2 Zero and Gain Calibration Troubleshooting ................................................................. 122
6.3 User Software .............................................................................................................. 123
Chapter 7: Start-up Software ................................................................................................124
7.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 124
Appendices:
Appendix A: All Commands – Quick Reference .....................................................................125
Appendix B: Model 9116 Response Error Codes ................................................................... 126
Appendix C: Cable Diagrams.................................................................................................. 127
Appendix D: 9116 Mounting Dimensions................................................................................ 129
Appendix E: Model 9116 Range Codes.................................................................................. 130
Appendix F: NetScannerAppendix D: 9116 Mounting Dimensions........................................ 132
Appendix G: Binary Bit Map.................................................................................................... 133
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Pressure Systems, Inc. Model 9116 User’s Manual
Preface
This manual describes the NetScanner
9116). It does not cover the pressure scanner Models 9016, 9021, 9022, the 98RK Scanner
Interface Rack, Model 9816 Intelligent Pressure Scanner, nor Models 903x (Pressure
Standards/Controllers. These products are covered in their individual User’s Manuals.
This manual is divided into six (6) chapters and several appendices, each covering a specific
topic. They are summarized below:
Chapter 1: General Information describes Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure
Chapter 2: Installation and Set Up describes the unpacking and inspection of a
Chapter 3: Programming & Operation provides the information needed to program a
Chapter 4: Calibration describes methods of calibrating a module.
Chapter 5: Service describes general safety precautions and
Chapter 6: Troubleshooting describes module troubleshooting techniques.
Chapter 7: Start-up Software briefly describes NUSS software.
Appendix A: All Commands — Quick Reference
Appendix B: Response Error Codes
Appendix C: Cable Diagrams
Appendix D: Module Mounting Dimensions
Appendix E: NetScanner System Range Codes
Appendix F: NetScanner
™
System Products
Appendix G: Binary Bit Map
™
System Intelligent Pressure Scanner module (Model
Scanner and its various options.
module, and its connection to power, pressure,
and a communications network.
module from a host computer and to get
meaningful data from it.
maintenance procedures.
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Pressure Systems, Inc. Model 9116 User’s Manual
Our Company
Pressure Systems Incorporated, (PSI) develops, manufactures, and services level and pressure
measuring instruments where the highest level of traceable accuracy is required for aerospace,
industrial, municipal, and environmental applications. Our products have become the world
standard for electronic level and pressure measurement and scanning. We are committed to
the highest quality design, manufacture, and support of level and pressure instrumentation that
is in the best interest of our customers. PSI is an ISO-9001:2000 certified company.
Our Warranty
Pressure Systems, Inc., warrants NetScanner
material and workmanship under normal use and service for one (1) year.
™
System products to be free of defects in
Technical Support
Monday through Friday, during normal working hours, (7:30 am through 5:30 pm, Eastern time)
knowledgeable personnel are available for assistance and troubleshooting. Contact the
Applications Support Group or the Customer Services Department at Pressure Systems
(757-865-1243 or toll free 1-800-328-3665) if your scanner is not operating properly or if you
have questions concerning any of our products. E-mail assistance is available by contacting
Applications@PressureSystems.com.
Merchandise Return Procedures
If your scanner needs to be returned to Pressure Systems, obtain a Returned Merchandise
Authorization (RMA) from the Customer Service Department.
Be prepared to supply the following information when requesting the RMA:
• Part number
• Serial number
• Complete description of problems/symptoms
• Bill To and Ship To address
• Purchase order number (not required by PSI warranty repairs)
• Customer contact and telephone number
The above information, including the RMA number must be on the customer’s shipping
documents that accompany the equipment to be repaired. PSI also requests that the outside of
the shipping container be labeled with the RMA number to assist in tracking the repairs. All
equipment should be sent to the following address:
ATTN: PSI REPAIR DEPARTMENT (7-digit RMA number)
Pressure Systems, Inc.
34 Research Drive
Hampton, Virginia 23666
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Pressure Systems, Inc. Model 9116 User’s Manual
PSI will return warranty items prepaid via UPS GROUND. If the customer desires another
method of return shipment, PSI will prepay and add the shipping charges to the repair bill.
Incoming freight charges are the customer’s responsibility. The customer is also responsible for
paying shipping charges to and from PSI for any equipment not under warranty.
All products covered under the PSI warranty policy will be repaired at no charge. An analysis
fee will be charged to quote the cost of repairing any item not under warranty. If, for any
reason, the customer decides not to have the item repaired, the analysis fee will still be
charged. If the quote is approved by the customer, the analysis fee will be waived. The quote
for repair will be based on the PSI flat rate for repair, calibration, and board replacement. When
these prices do not apply, the quote will be based on an hourly labor rate plus parts. All
replaced parts are warranted for 90 days from the date of shipment. The 90-day warranty is
strictly limited to parts replaced during the repair.
Website and E-Mail
Visit our website at www.PressureSystems.com to look at our new product releases, application
notes, product certifications, and specifications. E-mail your questions and comments to us:
Sales@PressureSystems.com
.
Our Firmware
This manual was prepared for various versions of module firmware as were released at
the time of this manual publication. Addenda will be distributed as deemed necessary
by PSI. Any questions regarding firmware upgrades may be addressed to the
Applications Support Group. Firmware revisions, manual addenda, and utility
software may also be obtained from the PSI web page at www.PressureSystems.com.
Our Publication Disclaimer
This document is thoroughly edited and is believed to be thoroughly reliable. Pressure
Systems, Inc., assumes no liability for inaccuracies. All computer programs supplied
with your products are written and tested on available systems at the factory. PSI
assumes no responsibility for other computers, languages, or operating systems. PSI
reserves the right to change the specifications without notice.
Page viii www.PressureSystems.com
Pressure Systems, Inc. Model 9116 User’s Manual
Chapter 1
General Information
1.1 Introduction
This User’s Manual will:
! Explain the electrical and pneumatic pressure connections for the Model 9116 Intelligent
Pressure Scanner.
! Provide computer set-up instructions to make a proper Ethernet connection on most
Windows
! Instruct you on using the PSI start-up software to manipulate and acquire data from each
module.
! Instruct you on how to program each module with computer software.
Model 9116 is a pneumatic Intelligent Pressure Scanner, with integral pressure transducers and
a pneumatic calibration manifold.
The Model 9116 provides engineering unit pressure data with guaranteed system accuracy.
This is achieved by reading factory-determined pressure and temperature engineering-unit data
conversion coefficients from its transducers’ nonvolatile memories at power-up. It also allows
additional adjustment coefficients to be “fine-tuned” with a multi-point calibration under host
control (e.g., possibly utilizing optional Pressure Systems 903x Pressure Calibrator modules).
Model 9116 provides an auto-configuring 10BaseT/100BaseT Ethernet communications port.
Half duplex/full duplex operation is also automatically configured. The Model 9116
communicates using the TCP/UDP/IP protocols.
The Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner is a component of a networked data acquisition
concept called the NetScanner™ System. Multiple NetScanner modules measuring a wide
variety of parameters can be networked to form a distributed intelligent data acquisition system.
®
95/98/XP/NT-based personal computers.
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Pressure Systems, Inc. Model 9116 User’s Manual
Figure 1.1
Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner
1.2 Description of the Instrument
The Model 9116 is available with16 channels, each with individual pneumatic transducers per
channel. The most distinctive features are highlighted below:
● Pre-calibrated Transducer - a memory chip containing full calibration data is embedded
within each internal transducer.
● Individual transducer per measurement input channel - mixed transducer ranges may
be installed in a single Model 9116 module.
● Low cost per point - per-channel cost is less than a typical industrial pressure
transducer/transmitter.
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Pressure Systems, Inc. Model 9116 User’s Manual
● High accuracy - Model 9116 pressure scanners are capable of accuracies up to
±0.05%. Accuracy is maintained through use of built-in re-zero, span, or multi-point
calibration capabilities. Accuracies are maintained for six (6) months after calibration.
● Low thermal errors - each internal transducer contains an individual
temperature sensor and thermal calibration data for internal use by software
correction algorithms. Thermal errors are reduced as low as ±0.001%FS/ºC over
the calibrated temperature span.
● Re-zero upon demand - an integrated calibration valve allows for automatic re zero adjustment calibration of dry gas transducers to null offset drift errors.
● Ease of transducer replacement - factory calibrated transducer assemblies may
be stocked and rapidly replaced in the field. Storage of thermal coefficients
within the transducer allows for ‘plug and play’ transducer replacement.
● Ease of calibration - each Model 9116 module contains a pneumatic
calibration manifold and software commands to automatically perform re-zero,
span, and multi-point adjustment calibrations. New offset and gain coefficients
that result from the most recent calibration may be stored in non-volatile
transducer memory.
● Ease of use - modules have simple command sets and provide engineering units
output. They may interface directly to a desktop or laptop computer or they may
be interconnected into a large network controlled by many types of host
computers.
● Connectivity - use of industry-standard communications network protocols to
control and read data from NetScanner
™
System modules allows distribution to
the point of measurement and ensures compatibility with third party hardware
and software.
1.2.1 Differences Between Models 9016 and 9116
The all new electronics of the Model 9116 reduces data acquisition noise and capture latency,
while actually improving channel settling time and boosting data throughput. Additionally, the
Ethernet interface has been upgraded to 10BaseT/100BaseT with half and full duplex
capabilities to provide significant flexibility in network configuration. The Ethernet interface is
completely auto-configuring, ensuring the best utilization of network capabilities, while ensuring
the maximum backward compatibility. The trigger circuitry has been upgraded to allow triggering
on positive, negative, or both transitions of the trigger signal. By configuring the Model 9116 to
trigger on both transitions, the Model 9116 can be integrated into existing systems, providing
twice the data throughput for most users, without modification to the system trigger circuit.
The firmware in the Model 9116 implements the Model 9016 command set further simplifying
use with existing systems. In fact, the Model 9116 can be configured to report its identity as a
Model 9016 to ensure compatibility with system software that is sensitive to the reported model
type.
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Pressure Systems, Inc. Model 9116 User’s Manual
Consolidated below are the new commands added to the Model 9016 command set, as well as
differences in existing commands, command parameters, or command responses:
Set Module type alias: w3200 xxxx
See the ‘SET/DO OPTION/FUNCTIONS’ (command ‘w’)’ in Section 3.2.
Configures the Model 9116 to report its model type as Model 9116 or as a
Model 9016 for compatibility with model type sensitive system software.
Set Hardware Trigger Mode: w320x
See the ‘SET/DO OPTION/FUNCTIONS’ (command ‘w’)’ in Section 3.2.
Configures the trigger to response to positive going, negative going, or to
any transition on the trigger input.
Query the Hardware Trigger Mode: q32
See the ‘READ MODULE STATUS’ (command ‘q’)’ in Section 3.2.
The Model 9116 will respond with a 1, 2, or 3 indicating, respectively, that its
trigger is set to respond to a positive going, negative going or to any
transition on the trigger input. The Model 9016 will respond to this command
with an ‘N08’.
Query the Module Hardware Version: w31
See the ‘READ MODULE STATUS’ (command ‘q’)’ in Section 3.2.
The Model 9116 will report the version of hardware present as a floating
point number of the format x.xxxxxx The Model 9016 will respond to this
command with a ‘N08’.
Modifications to existing commands, (See Section 3.2):
In the ‘CONFIGURE A HOST DELIVERY STREAM’ (command ‘c’), the sync delay
can now be set as small as 2 milliseconds and the granularity is 2 milliseconds with
all other values rounded down to the nearest 2 milliseconds. This value was 10
milliseconds in the Model 9016.
In the Set Number of A/D Samples to Average, (command ‘w’). the minimum
value and the default value is 4. The interleaved instrumentation amplifiers utilized
in the Model 9116 allows it to provide the same throughput with one to four
averages. With the quieter electronics of the Model 9116 and no speed advantage
for lower numbers of averaged samples, the minimum and default is set to four.
Valid values are 4, 8, 16, 32, and 64. Other values below 64 are rounded up to the
next valid value listed above.”
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Pressure Systems, Inc. Model 9116 User’s Manual
Additional enhancements to the Model 9116
Software Scan List Speeds:
Software Scan lists can be run as fast as hardware trigger scan lists on the
Model 9116 (~500 Hz. See specification sheet). The Model 9016 was
limited to 100 Hz maximum software trigger scan lists.
Firmware Updates/Boot Loader:
The firmware in the Model 9116 may be updated in situ, over its Ethernet
connection. This is the preferred method for updating the firmware and may
be invoked at any time. (See Section 5.2.1).
The user must connect to the updated module. Establishing a TCP/IP
connection is the last step in validating a successful firmware update. If the
unit is power-cycled four times without establishing a TCP/IP connection, the
firmware update will be tagged as invalid. The Model 9116 contains a
protected resident boot loader that will then take over operation of the
module. The resident boot loader resides in protected memory. It monitors
the state of the firmware and the operation of any downloads. Even in the
event of a power failure during a firmware update, upon return of power, the
resident boot loader will be available, and will establish communications for
downloading new firmware. The user can determine that the Model 9116 is
in boot loader mode by observing that the firmware version reported by the
module is less than 1.0 In boot loader mode, the Model 9116 will return an
‘N08’ in response to the ‘a’, ‘c’, ‘m’, ‘n’, ‘r’, and ‘t’ commands.
1.3 Options
1.3.1 Pressure Ranges
Model 9116 contains sixteen (16) DH200 transducers. These transducers are available with full
scale pressure ranges from 10" H
kPa). Transducers with different pressure ranges may be combined in a single module.
Please consult the Sales Department at Pressure Systems for availability of other pressure
ranges (1-800-678-SCAN (7226)).
1.3.2 Manifolds and Pressure Connections
Model 9116 sixteen-channel Intelligent Pressure Scanners are available with a true differential
or common reference pneumatic manifold, and have a standard purge and leak check manifold.
They are available with standard 1/8" or optional 1/16" and 1/4" compression fittings. All fittings
utilize an SAE 5/16 - 24 O-ring boss which supports a variety of other adapter compression
fittings. They are also available with a quick disconnect plate which contains 0.063" bulge
tubulation. The common differential version is available with all choices of fittings. The true
differential version is available with 0.063" bulged tubulation fittings only.
Consult the Sales Department at Pressure Systems at 1-800-678-SCAN (7226) for availability of
other input fittings.
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O (inches of water column) to 750 psid (2.5 kPa to 5200
2
Pressure Systems, Inc. Model 9116 User’s Manual
1.3.3 Communication Interfaces
All standard NetScanner
compensated and linearized pressure data in engineering units via digital methods. They have a
10BaseT Ethernet host communications interface using industry standard TCP/IP or UDP/IP
protocol. This interface provides high data transfer rates and system connectivity. The Model
9116 adds auto-configuring 10BaseT/100BaseT, half duplex/full duplex capabilities for improved
network flexibility.
™
System Intelligent Pressure Scanners provide temperature
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Pressure Systems, Inc. Model 9116 User’s Manual
Chapter 2
Installation and Set Up
2.1 Unpacking and Inspection
The NetScanner
either as an entire system, or as individual pieces of equipment. Before assembling the system,
use the shipping bill as a reference to ensure that all parts have arrived. Pressure Systems
takes no responsibility for equipment that is damaged during shipment. If containers are
broken, ripped, or damaged, contact the transportation carrier. If the equipment itself appears
to be damaged, contact the Repair Department at Pressure Systems.
Each Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner shipment will contain the following minimum
components:
• Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner module
• Start-up software CD-ROM
• Model 9116 User’s Manual for Intelligent Pressure Scanners CD-ROM
™
System product family has many components which may be purchased
2.2 Safety Considerations
It is always a good idea to wear safety glasses when operating this equipment or when working
with pressurized lines. Always ensure that high pressure lines are properly secured and that all
pneumatic lines are rated for the proper pressure and temperature environments.
All system power should be OFF during installation (or removal) of any components in a
NetScanner
permanent damage to the module. Use caution and check line voltages before applying power
to the module.
™
System module. Failure to turn power OFF prior to installation may cause
2.3 Preparation for Use
2.3.1 Environment
All standard Intelligent Pressure Scanners are factory calibrated to be accurate over a specified
temperature range, but may be operated or stored over a wider temperature range (see
Environmental/Physical Specifications in the Model 9116 Data Sheet. Operating or storing
an instrument outside its specified range(s) will result in a loss of measurement accuracy and
may cause permanent damage to the instrument electronics.
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Pressure Systems, Inc. Model 9116 User’s Manual
WARNING: Exceeding the specified storage or operating temperatures may result
in permanent damage to the Model 9116 electronics.
2.3.2 Power
The Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner needs only a single unregulated power supply.
See the Model 9116 Data Sheet for actual power requirements.
Model 9116 has a single round, ruggedized connector through which all power and input/output
signals pass as shown in Figure 2.1.
WARNING: Improper connection of power to the Intelligent Pressure Scanner can
result in permanent damage to module electronics.
Figure 2.1
9116 Power Pin Assignments
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Pressure Systems, Inc. Model 9116 User’s Manual
2.3.3 Mounting and Module Dimensions
See the Model 9116 Data Sheet for exact dimensions of the module. A detailed mechanical
drawing is also included in Appendix E.
2.3.4 Network Communications Hookup
Every NetScanner
interconnected in a network with other modules and a host computer. Model 9116 has an
Ethernet Host Port using TCP/IP and UDP/IP transmission protocols.
2.3.4.1 Ethernet Host Port Hookup
The Ethernet Host port of every Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner module, and its host
computer, may be interconnected in a “star” network via a standard 10BaseT or 100BaseT, half
or full duplex hub or switch. These standard devices will have their own power requirements.
Hubs will treat the host computer connection and all NetScanner
alike. Switches may provide, or negotiate different speeds and/or different handshaking on its
various ports. The Model 9116 will auto-negotiate through the hub or with the switch, for a half
or full duplex connection at 10BaseT or 100BaseT speeds, establishing the best connection
available. Ethernet communications pin assignments for the Model 9116 electrical connector
are shown in Figure 2.2. See Figure 2.3 for typical network topology.
™
System Intelligent Pressure Scanner contains a Host Port, allowing it to be
™
System module connections
Figure 2.2
Ethernet Host Port Connector Pins
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Pressure Systems, Inc. Model 9116 User’s Manual
The host and each module must have a unique Ethernet Hardware Address (a.k.a. MAC
Address) and a unique IP Address. The Ethernet Hardware address is generally fixed (at
manufacturing time of the Ethernet microprocessor board inside the module). The Ethernet
Hardware address is shown on each module’s label. The Ethernet Intelligent Pressure
Scanners are capable of supporting various methods for IP address assignment, using either
the factory default (static IP addressing) or user-configured Static IP addressing or Dynamic IP
address assignment. Dynamic IP address assignment is through the use of RARP or BOOTP
protocols. Unless your application requires the use of Dynamic IP address assignments, it is
strongly suggested that the module be left configured for the Static IP address protocol. This
default method is typically the simplest method for using the Intelligent Pressure
Scanner.
In the Static IP addressing mode, the module will use a factory default IP address on power-up.
This default address is set to 200.20x.yyy.zzz where x is derived from the module type (0 for
Model 9116 and 1 for 9021/9022) and yyy.zzz is derived from the module serial number. A
similar method is used to calculate each module’s Ethernet hardware address shown on the
module tag. Note that each of these fields (separated by a period, ‘.’) is a decimal
representation of a byte value. This means that each field may have a maximum value of 255.
For Model 9116 modules, the default IP address will be 200.200.y.zzz where y and zzz are
calculated as follows:
y is the integer result of dividing the module serial number by 256.
zzz is the remainder of dividing the serial number by 256 (serial number modulus 256).
These calculations may be verified by checking that y * 256 + zzz equals the original module
serial number. Once a module has powered-up and has assigned itself a default IP address, it
is capable of communications.
An alternate method for assigning an IP address to an Ethernet module is referred to as a
Dynamic IP assignment. This method allows a module to have its IP address dynamically
assigned at power-up by an application running on a node of the TCP/IP or UDP/IP network.
When configured for Dynamic IP address assignment protocols, the reset module will broadcast
its Ethernet hardware (MAC) address on the network in a Dynamic IP request packet. This
broadcast packet identifies the module by its hardware address and requests that a dynamic IP
server application return to it an IP address for use. Once this broadcast message is received,
the dynamic server application will then return an IP address to the module in a dynamic IP
reply packet. Most dynamic IP server applications determine this IP address from a user
maintained file that lists Ethernet hardware addresses with their desired IP address. If modules
are added to the network or module IP addresses are to be changed, the user can simply edit
this configuration file. This capability is common on most UNIX based machines and is also
available (although less common) in some TCP/IP packages available for PC platforms.
Support of the Dynamic IP server protocol is not currently included in the Windows
Windows
Dynamic IP capabilities of the Model 9116, a simple Windows
®
NT operating systems. In order to allow users of PC platforms to make use of the
®
95/98/XP/NT application was
®
95/98/XP or
developed by Pressure Systems which is capable of acting as a Dynamic IP server. This
application is referred to as BOOTP Lite since it actually makes use of the BOOTP protocol that
closely resembles the Dynamic IP request. Like traditional dynamic IP servers, this application
allows the user to configure a file that contains Ethernet hardware addresses and the
corresponding IP address to assign to those devices. This application is free of charge and
capable of running as a background program on Windows
®
95/98 and NT machines. It may be
downloaded from the PSI home page, www.PressureSystems.com.
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Pressure Systems, Inc. Model 9116 User’s Manual
Use of Static or Dynamic IP settings may be selected through the Set Operating Options ('w')
command. If you are unsure how your module is configured, check the Tx LED during module
power-up. If it begins to blink periodically after the module power-up, your instrument is
configured for the Dynamic IP assignment protocol. (Tx LED remains OFF in static IP
configuration.) If configured for Dynamic IP assignment, a dynamic server must be configured
on the network to return an IP address to the module. Without an IP address, the host will be
unable to open a TCP/IP or UDP/IP connection to the module.
Note
Obtaining the maximum performance of an Ethernet network is a
complex process, involving many tradeoffs and is best performed by
IT professionals or other personnel familiar with Ethernet
parameters, topologies, and equipment capabilities. See Pressure
Systems Web site (www.PressureSystems.com)
for application
notes and characteristics of the Model 9116 together with some
hints for its use in high-speed, high-volume Ethernet networks.
Note
After closing the TCP/IP connection to the Model 9116, the host must
wait 10 seconds before re-connecting.
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Figure 2.3
Ethernet Network Topology
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2.3.5 Diagnostic Port Hookup
Each NetScanner
operational functions. The Diagnostic Port has only a simple RS-232 asynchronous serial
interface. The connections are made via certain pins of its common circular connector. Cable
connection should be made according to Table 2.1.
NetScanner™ System
Diagnostic Port Connector
The RS-232 interface is capable of supporting simple asynchronous communications with fixed
parameters of 9600 baud, no parity, 8 data bits, and 1 stop bit. Only communication cable
lengths less than 30 feet (10 m) are recommended.
The Model 9116 uses the diagnostic interface for optional configuration and diagnostic
purposes only. The diagnostic port functions on the Model 9116 is generally not required by the
end user. Standard cables for this module do not include diagnostic port connections.
™
System module contains a Diagnostic Port that supports diagnostic and
Table 2.1
Diagnostic Port Wiring
GND
Tx
Rx
2.3.6 Pressure Connections
All pneumatic connections to Model 9116 are found on the instrument top panel. The function
of each input port is clearly engraved or printed next to each input. Connections are through
bulge tubing, compression fittings, or special user-supplied fittings on the tubing plate. All
pneumatic inputs to the Model 9116 should contain only dry, non-corrosive gas.
All Model 9116 standard Intelligent Pressure Scanners are supplied with the purge/leak check
calibration manifold. Through software commands, this valve may be placed in one of four
positions; RUN, CAL, PURGE, or LEAK-CHARGE. Pneumatic input requirements for these
four operating positions are described in the following sections.
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The following guidelines should be used when installing pressure connections to the Model
9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner modules.
● Always wear safety glasses when working with pressurized lines.
● Ensure that user input pressure will not exceed the proof pressure ratings of
the corresponding instrument transducer. Applying excessive pressure to
measurement inputs can permanently damage the pressure transducers.
● Ensure that all tubing material is rated for the expected pressure and
environmental conditions. Failure to use the proper tubing material may
result in ruptured lines and possible personal injury.
● Ensure all high pressure lines are properly secured.
● Place retaining springs over all bulge tube fittings to ensure pneumatic lines
remain attached and leak free. Springs should be pushed down on
connections so that half of the spring length extends past the tube bulge.
Warning: Introduction of contaminants or corrosive materials to the module
pneumatic inputs may damage module transducers, manifolds, and O-ring seals.
2.3.6.1 RUN Mode Inputs
The standard pneumatic tubing plate for the Model 9116 contains sixteen numbered pneumatic
input channels. These numbered inputs are attached to corresponding pressure transducers
inside the instrument and should be pneumatically attached to the pressure measurement
points under test.
The standard tubing plate also contains an input labeled RUN REF. The RUN REF input is
pneumatically connected to the reference side of all internal DH200 pressure transducers. The
RUN REF connection is used for situations where all channels have one reference pressure.
The reference pressure may be as high as 250 PSI (1720 kPa). See the Model 9116 Data
Sheet for detailed specifications. This input may also be left unattached to provide atmospheric
reference pressure.
When using instruments with the reference per channel option (true differential), two pneumatic
inputs will be provided for every numbered channel. These inputs are labeled ‘P’ and ‘R’. The
‘P’ connection is the test pressure input. The ‘R’ connection is the transducer reference input
pressure. Since each channel has its own reference pressure input, the RUN REF input is not
provided on the true differential tubing plate.
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p
2.3.6.2 CAL Mode Inputs
The Model 9116 tubing plates contain inputs labeled CAL and CAL REF. When the module’s
internal calibration valve is placed in the CAL/RE-ZERO position, all DH200 transducer
pressure inputs are pneumatically connected to the CAL input port. All DH200 reference inputs
are pneumatically connected to the CAL REF input port. The CAL input may be used to
perform on-line zero adjustment of the transducers. The CAL input may also be used for DH200
span adjustment calibrations and accuracy tests if appropriate pressure calibrators (such as the
903x series) are available. Span calibration of multi-range scanners may also utilize the CAL
port if the highest applied pressure does not exceed the proof pressure rating of any other
installed transducer, otherwise the individual transducers must be calibrated with the valve in
the RUN position.
When the internal calibration valve is in the CAL/RE-ZERO position, the RUN inputs (RUN REF
and numbered input ports) are pneumatically dead-ended to prevent migration of contaminants
into the instrument.
2.3.6.3 PURGE Mode Inputs
All standard Model 9116s contain a purge/leak check option. The purge option allows users to
apply positive pressure to the PURGE input which will then be vented out of the user input
ports, forcing contaminants (such as moisture) out of the pneumatic input lines. Note that on
common reference Model 9116 scanners, only the numbered input ports will be purged
(RUN REF is not purged). True differential Model 9116 scanners will purge both the run and
reference input ports for all channels. The purge supply provided to the Model 9116 must
always be a higher pressure than the highest pressure present on the input ports of the
module. The purge supply must also be capable of maintaining proper purge pressure at
the high flow rates encountered while the module is in the purge mode.
Warning: Failure to provide proper purge supply pressure will result in
migration of moisture and contaminants into the Model 9116 module which can
result in
ermanent damage to module components.
When commanded into the PURGE position, the purge input pressure will be connected to the
numbered measurement input ports allowing for a flow of air away from the instrument. The
purge cycle should be terminated by commanding the Model 9116 into a non-purge mode such
as CAL. Purge cycles should never be terminated by turning off the purge supply air
while in the purge position.
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2.3.6.4 LEAK Mode Inputs
The purge/leak charge valve design includes a leak check feature capable of testing the
integrity of user pneumatic connections as well as those within the Model 9116 module. For the
leak mode to be used, all RUN mode pressure inputs must be dead ended (closed) by the user.
When the Model 9116 is commanded into the LEAK-CHARGE position, the CAL input port will
be pneumatically connected to module run side inputs. Common reference modules will
connect only the numbered run side inputs to CAL (RUN REF is not charged). True differential
(reference per port) modules will connect both the measurement input and reference port to
CAL. While in the LEAK-CHARGE position, a test pressure may be applied through the CAL
port which will charge the dead ended run side tubulation.
Test pressures applied to the CAL port during the leak check
Note
operation must not exceed the full scale pressure of any internal
transducers.
Once the lines are charged, the Model 9116 may be commanded back to the RUN position.
This will reattach the charged run side lines to their corresponding internal transducer.
Consecutive pressure readings from the Model 9116 will now allow user calculation of the line
leak rates. Once returned to the RUN position, lack of a pressure indicates a gross leak. A
slowly declining pressure indicates a slight leak. A leak is more difficult to detect as tubing
volume increases. In the case of true differential units where both sides of the sensor are
pressurized with the leak test pressure, an initial differential pressure of 0.0 psi should be
measured when the unit is placed in the RUN position. If the measurement or RUN side of the
channel leaks at a rate greater than the reference side, a resulting negative differential pressure
will be measured. Likewise, if the reference port tubing leaks at a rate greater than the
measurement side, a resulting positive differential pressure will be measured.
2.3.6.5 Supply Air
The Model 9116 modules require an 80 psig minimum dry air (or inert gas) supply which is used
to shift the internal calibration valve between its different positions. Each module contains a
fitting marked “SUPPLY” for this input. Internal solenoid valves direct this supply pressure to
the proper control port on the calibration valve as required by instrument commands. The
absence of sufficient supply air to the module will prevent the calibration valve from shifting into
requested positions (i.e., RUN, CAL, PURGE, LEAK-CHARGE).
WARNING! Supply air should not exceed 125 psi (875 kPa). Excessive pressure
may damage the internal solenoids.
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2.3.7 Case Grounding
The Model 9116 module contains a case bypass capacitor which allows the module case to be
mounted on hardware with a small common mode line voltage (less than 20 Volts).
2.3.8 Trigger Input Signal
Model 9116 supports the use of a data acquisition synchronization signal, sometimes called
“Hardware Trigger.” When configured through the Define/Control Host Stream (‘c’) command,
the trigger signal can be used to initiate and synchronize data acquisition and stream outputs to
the host.
The trigger signal is intended to be a 2-wire differential signal brought in through the Model
9116 main electrical connector. The signal may be driven by a standard TTL compatible device.
The switching threshold for this signal is set at 2.5 VDC.
2.3.9 Power Up Checks and Self-Diagnostics
Upon power-up of the module, the internal firmware will perform a number of self-diagnostic
checks. The results of these tests are reflected by the ‘OK’ LED on the top panel. The Model
9116 module completes the power up and self diagnostic.
See Chapter 6, Troubleshooting Guide for additional information and potential problem areas
during the power-up sequence.
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Chapter 3
Programming and Operation
3.1 Commands & Responses
3.1.1 Introduction
This chapter describes all commands a host computer program may send to a Model 9116
Intelligent Pressure Scanner module, as well as the data or status responses returned by the
module. Most applications require a working knowledge of only a small number of these
commands.
Model 9116 has an Ethernet interface, and uses layered TCP/IP or UDP/IP transmission
protocols to communicate with a host computer. All commands/responses to/from Model 9116
modules are embedded in the data fields of either a TCP or UDP packet header. In turn, these
packets are themselves embedded in the data field of an IP packet header, which is embedded
in the data field of an Ethernet packet header. Thus, the term layered protocols.
3.1.1.1 TCP/UDP/IP Protocols
Both TCP/IP and UDP/IP protocols are a well-established set of rules for communicating over a
network (LAN, intranet, or internet), and are independent of the network’s physical medium. All
the modules use the TCP/IP protocols for most commands and responses since the TCP layer
provides a robust error detection and correction mechanism. TCP/IP requires a formal
connection be established between host and module. The simpler UDP layer, requiring no
formal connection, is utilized for a subset of commands and query responses.
Using the underlying basic IP protocol, the host computer and interconnected modules are all
“peers” that can communicate equally. Each “peer” must have its own unique “logical” IP
Address (as well as its own unique “physical” Ethernet Address) to be directly addressed. Any
“peer” may initiate transmissions without permission from the receiver. In the NetScanner
System implementation, the host computer is normally a client and generally initiates most
transmissions by sending commands to the modules, which are normally servers. However, a
module can initiate its own transmissions in some operating modes (e.g., the hardware-
triggered or free-run autonomous host streams generated by the Configure/Control
Autonomous Host Streams (‘c’) command).
A “peer” may be directly addressed by its IP address (in xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx format), or by use of a
predefined logical name that allows its IP Address to be looked-up in the sender’s database or
in a central network server’s database. The Windows
a simple text file database called “Hosts.” Review the file “Hosts.sam” in the “C:\windows”
directory. Modify and rename it “Hosts.” (no file extension) to activate it.
Before the host computer and any module can communicate with the higher level TCP/IP
protocols, the host (client) must request a connection be established with the module (server).
Each module expects all such requests for connection to be requested by its IP Address, and
®
95/98/XP/NT operating systems provide
™
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Pressure Systems, Inc. Model 9116 User’s Manual
directed to “well-known” port 9000 (default). After the connection is made, a socket is
established as a logical handle to this connection. The host and module may then
communicate, via this socket, until it is closed or is lost at either module or host end, due to
power failure or reboot). The host and module may also communicate in a limited fashion
without a connection, using the middle-level UDP/IP protocols. In that case, the host simply
broadcasts commands via port 7000, and each module (that chooses to respond) returns the
response on port 7001. Only a few commands use UDP/IP in Model 9116 modules.
3.1.2 Commands
The commands (and responses) used by Model 9116 modules consist of short strings of ASCII
characters. The TCP/IP and UDP/IP protocols allow for the transfer of either printable ASCII
characters or binary data. When using certain formats, internal binary data values are often
converted to ASCII-hex digit strings externally. Such values may include the ASCII number
characters ‘0’ through ‘9,’ the uppercase ASCII characters ‘A’ through ‘F,’ and the lowercase
letters ‘a’ through ‘f’.’ These hex values may represent bit maps of individual options, or actual
integer or floating point (IEEE) binary data values. In other cases (see optional format 7 below)
binary data may be transmitted directly as 4-byte (32-bit) binary values without any formatting
change. Such binary transmissions use big-endian (default) byte ordering but may be
commanded to use little-endian for some data.
3.1.2.1 General Command Format
A typical TCP/IP command (contained in the data field following a TCP packet header) is a
variable-length character string with the following general fields:
! a 1-character command letter (c).
! an optional position field (pppp), a variable length string of hexadecimal digits.
! a variable number of optional datum fields ( dddd): each a variable length string, normally
formatted as a decimal number (with a leading space character, and with or without sign
and/or decimal point, as needed).
Using brackets ( [ ] ) to show optional elements, and ellipsis ( ...) to show indefinite repetition, a
typical TCP/IP command may be viewed schematically as follows:
“c[[[[p]p]p]p][ dddd][ dddd]...]”
From this schematic, it should be clear that the command letter (c) is required, the position field
(pppp) immediately follows it, and may have 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 characters, and there may be zero
or more datum fields ( dddd), as required. For simplicity, the variable length nature of each “
dddd” string is not shown [with brackets] above, but the required leading space character is
shown. The position field is similarly simplified (as “pppp”) below.
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A typical UDP/IP command (contained in the data field following a UDP packet header) is also a
variable length character string, but has a simpler format. Generally, it has a variable length
command string (cccccc), followed by one optional datum ( dddd) field (preceded by one space
character):
“cccccc[ dddd]”
Since there are only a few simple UDP/IP commands, all references to commands below should
assume TCP/IP commands, unless otherwise indicated.
3.1.2.2 Command Field
All Model 9116 scanners recognize a set of predefined commands. Most are TCP/IP
commands, having only a single alphabetic letter for a command field. These are recognized
only when a formal socket connection is established with the host computer. A few are UDP/IP
commands with a longer command field. These are recognized any time the module has power
applied. All commands are functionally summarized in the following sections and detailed in
reference Section 3.2.
3.1.2.3 Position Field
The Model 9116 Intelligent Pressure Scanner may contain up to sixteen (16) separate
input/output channels. When commands affect certain channels scanned by the module, the
position field is used to identify those channels as bits in a bit map. If a channel’s corresponding
bit in the position field is set to a one (1), then that channel is affected by the command. The
least-significant (rightmost) bit 0 corresponds to Channel 1, and the most-significant (leftmost)
bit 15 corresponds to Channel 16. Since neither model has more than sixteen (16) channels,
the position field will usually be 16-bits, represented by four (4) ASCII-hex characters in the
command. For example, only Channels 16 and 1 are selected below in this 16-bit (4-character)
position field:
Bit# 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Chan#
Binary 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
Hex 8 0 0 1
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2
16
1
The above position field, with all applicable bits set (i.e., FFFF for 16-channel module), specifies
all channels. However, a module-independent variation allows a missing position field to
designate all channels — but only when there are no other parameters following the position
field in the command. For such commands, the hex position field may be reduced to 3, 2, or 1
characters when no channel bits need be set (1) in the discarded high-order characters
(nibbles).
Note
The channel data requested will always be returned in order of
highest requested channel to lowest requested channel.
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3.1.2.4 Datum Fields
Any datum fields in a command generally contain data to be sent to the module, usually
specified by a position field bit map. In some commands (when data are received from a module
instead) no datum fields are required in the command itself but the position field bit map is still
used to specify the order that data are returned in the command’s response. In either case, the
order bits are set (to 1) in the position field bit map (highest channel # to lowest channel#, left to
right) is the order these datum fields are received or sent.
Each datum field may be variable in length, whether part of the command itself or the
command’s response. In its most common format, a datum begins with a space character (‘ ’),
and is followed by an optional sign, decimal digits, and a decimal point, as needed (e.g., ‘ vv.vvvvvv’). For other formats it may be a hex digit string or pure binary number.
3.1.2.5 Format Field
Some commands, that either send data to a module (as command parameters), or cause the
host to receive data (via command’s response), have an extra format parameter (f digit)
appended to (or specified in) the position field. This parameter, when specified (or implied by
default), governs how internal data are converted to/from external (user-visible) form.
• The most common format (f=0) causes each datum (in command or response) to be
represented as printable ASCII numbers externally (with optional sign and decimal point
as needed). Internally, the module sets/obtains each converted datum to/from a single
precision binary (32-bit) IEEE float
• Some formats (f=1, 2, 5) encode/decode the internal binary format to/from ASCII
hexadecimal external form. Some of these “hex dump” formats provide an external hex
bit map of the internal binary value (float or integer as appropriate). Format 5 may
encode/decode the internal float value to/from an intermediate scaled binary integer
(e.g., float value * 1000 into integer, then to/from a hex bit map).
• Two special “binary dump” formats (f=7 and f=8) may be used by some commands to
accept/return binary data directly from/to the user’s command/response. Such values
are not user-readable in their external form, but are directly machine readable and
provide highly compact storage without any accuracy loss due to formatting. Use of
these formats allows both the module and host program to operate in their most efficient,
low overhead mode. Format 7 returns the most significant byte first (i.e., big endian).
Format 8 returns the least significant byte first (i.e., little endian).
See the individual command descriptions for the formats a particular command recognizes.
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