Measurement eZ-Analyst User Manual

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USER’S MANUAL

eZ-Analyst

1086-0922 rev 14.1

IOtech

25971 Cannon Road

Cleveland, OH 44146-1833

(440) 439-4091

Fax: (440) 439-4093

sales@iotech.com

productsupport@iotech.com

www.iotech.com

*372165B-01*

372165B-01

eZ-Analyst

Real-Time Vibration & Acoustic Analysis Software

Manual Layout

This document is a reference manual for eZ-Analyst, its Menu options, associated Toolbar buttons, and resulting GUI screen images. When deemed beneficial, examples were placed to supplement the primary material. The document discusses eZ-Analyst in relation to ZonicBook, WaveBook, and IOtech 600 Series applications. Differences in functionality are pointed out when of importance to the user.

Ch 1 – Software Installation

Ch 2 – An Introduction to eZ-Analyst Discusses eZ-Analyst’s measurement and

playback modes.

Ch 3 – Menus discusses the following menus: Task, File, Control, Export, and Window.

The Edit Menu is discussed in chapter 4.

Ch 4 – Edit Menu discusses the following windows: Configuration, Playback Setup, Display

Preferences, and Output Channel Setup. Note that the 640e and 640u analyzers of a relatively extensive section pertaining to output waveforms.

Ch 5 – Toolbar Buttons identifies and shows the location of the toolbar buttons and

provides a brief synopsis of their purpose.

WaveBooks ZonicBook/618E IOtech 600 Series

Ch 6 – Interactive Features of the Plot Display Window explains how to change plot

display characteristics, including display functions, by using the window’s interactive features. The chapter includes a section on cursor types and annotation options.

Ch 7 – Waterfalls, Order Tracking, & Slice Views discusses these display options

available to eZ-Analyst users.

Appendix A – Keyboard Controls for eZ-Analyst identifies keys for controlling plot

display, menus, windows, and record/playback functions.

Glossary

Check the README.TXT file, if present, for information that may not have been available at the time this manual went to press.

eZ-Analyst 878193 iii

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iv 878193 eZ-Analyst

Manual Layout …… iii

Ch 1 – Software Installation

WaveBooks …… 1-1 ZonicBook/618E …… 1-3 IOtech 600 Series …… 1-5

Ch 2 – An Introduction to eZ-Analyst

Features …… 2-2 Measurement Mode …… 2-5 Playback Mode …… 2-5 A Word about Configuration …… 2-5

Ch 3 – Menus

Task Menu …… 3-2 File Menu …… 3-10 Control Menu …… 3-10 Export Menu …… 3-11 Window Menu …… 3-13

Edit Menu …… Waterfalls, Order Tracking, & Slice Views ……

Ch 4 – Edit Menu

Configuration Window …… 4-2

Analyzer Tab …… 4-4 Input Channels Tab …… 4-15 Analog Input Channels …..4-15

Tach Channels ….. 4-18

FFT Setup Tab …… 4-23 Recording Setup Tab …… 4-31 Block Rejection Tab …… 4-35 Octave Setup Tab…… 4-37 Preferences Tab …… 4-39

Output Channel Setup …… 4-43

ZonicBook/618E and WaveBook Waveform Output …… 4-45 640u and 640e Waveform Output …… 4-46

see chapter 4

see chapter 7

Playback Setup Window …… 4-56 Display Preferences Window …… 4-58

Ch 5 – Toolbar Buttons

Continued . . .

eZ-Analyst 878193 v

Ch 6 – Interactive Features of the Plot Display Window

Introduction …… 6-1 Adding and Removing Channels …… 6-1 Using Cursors …… 6-2 Additional Functionality …… 6-6

Copy …… 6-6 Strip Charts …… 6-7 XLS Overlay (Overlay of Excel Files) …… 6-8 Displaying Channel Pairs …… 6-10 Changing the Display Range …… 6-10 Changing Format, Scale, and Grid …… 6-12

Ch 7 – Waterfalls, Order Tracking, & Slice Views

3D Waterfalls …… 7-2 Order Tracking …… 7-7 Selecting Displays …… 7-8 Using Spectrum Cursors …… 7-11

Appendix A – Keyboard Controls for eZ-Analyst

Glossary

vi 878193 eZ-Analyst

Software Installation 1

Certain WBK options are not supported by eZ-Analyst. If you are using WBK options with WaveBook and intend to use eZ-Analyst, refer to the WBK support table on page 1-2.

Remove any previous-installed versions of WaveBook software before installing a new version.

WaveBooks …… 1-1 ZonicBook/618E …… 1-3 IOtech 600 Series …… 1-5

WaveBooks

System Requirements

Before setting up the hardware or installing the software, verify that you have the following items.

WaveBook data acquisition system Power supply with cord For WaveBook/516E: Ethernet patch cable Dynamic Signal Analysis CD License Key for eZ-Analyst

In addition, verify that your computer meets the following minimum requirements.

Monitor: SVGA, 1024 x 768 resolution For WaveBook/516E: 10/100BaseT Ethernet port Windows 2000 SP4 and Windows XP users:

Intel™ Pentium, 1 GHz or equivalent; 512 MB memory; 10 GB disk space

Windows Vista users:

PC must be Windows Vista Premium Ready

Optional, but recommended:

EPP (Enhanced Parallel Port), or ECP (Extended Capabilities Port)

Software Installation for WaveBooks

1. Start Windows.

2. Close all running applications.

3. Insert the Dynamic Signal Analysis CD into your CD-ROM drive and wait for the CD to

auto-run.

If the CD does not start on its own:

(a) click the desktop’s <Start> button (b) choose the Run command (c) select the CD-ROM drive, then select the setup.exe file. (d) click <OK>.

An Opening Screen will appear.

eZ-Analyst 978891 Software Installation, WaveBooks 1-1

Reference Notes:

 Adobe Acrobat PDF versions of documents pertaining to WaveBook are

included on the Dynamic Signal Analysis CD and are automatically installed onto your PC’s hard-drive as a part of product support at the time of software installation. The default location is the Programs group, which can be accessed via the Windows Desktop Start Menu.

 After your software is installed you can setup your WaveBook device and

connect it to the host computer. Instructions for Hardware Setup are included

in your WaveBook User’s Manual.

4. Click the <ENTER SETUP> button.

5. From the hardware selection screen [which follows a licensing agreement], select

WaveBook Systems from the drop-down list and follow the on-screen instructions.

WBK Support for WaveBooks using eZ-Analyst

WBK Option Supported

WBK10A – Analog Expansion Module - no WBK11A – Simultaneous Sample & Hold (SSH) Card  WBK12A and WBK13A – Programmable Filter Cards  WBK14 – Dynamic Signal Conditioning Module  WBK15 – 5B Isolated Signal Conditioning Module - no WBK16 – Strain Gage Module - no WBK17 – Counter-Input Module, with Quadrature Encoder Support - no WBK18 – Dynamic Signal Conditioning Module  WBK20A – PCMCIA/EPP Interface Card and Cable  WBK21 – ISA/EPP Interface Plug-In Board  WBK23 – PCI/EPP Interface Plug-In Board  WBK25 – Ethernet Interface Module  WBK30 – WaveBook Memory Options  WBK40 and WBK41 – Thermocouple and Multi-Function I/O Modules - no WBK61 and WBK62 – High Voltage Adapters - no -

Information pertaining to these products is included in The WBK Options Manual, p/n 489-0902.

1-2 Software Installation, WaveBooks 978891 eZ-Analyst

ZonicBook/618E

Remove any previous-installed versions of eZ-Analyst software before installing a new version.

WBK Support

When used with ZonicBook/618E, eZ-Analyst supports WBK18 and WBK30.

System Requirements

Before setting up the hardware or installing the software, verify that you have the following items.

ZonicBook/618E Data Acquisition System Power Supply with cord Dynamic Signal Analysis CD License Key for eZ-Analyst Ethernet Patch Cable Dynamic Signal Analysis CD License Key for eZ-Analyst

In addition, verify that your computer system meets the following minimum requirements.

Monitor: SVGA, 1024 x 768 screen resolution Ethernet jack [on PC or on a hub connected to the Ethernet] Windows 2000 SP4 and Windows XP users:

PC with Intel™ Pentium, 1 GHz or equivalent; 512 MB memory; 10 GB disk space

Windows Vista users:

PC must be Windows Vista Premium Ready

Software Installation for ZonicBook/618E

1. Start Windows.

2. Close all running applications.

3. Insert the Dynamic Signal Analysis CD into your CD-ROM drive and wait for the CD

to auto-run.

If the CD does not start on its own:

(a) click the desktop’s <Start> button (b) choose the Run command (c) select the CD-ROM drive, then select the setup.exe file. (d) click <OK>.

An Opening Screen will appear.

4. Click the <ENTER SETUP> button.

5. From the hardware selection screen [which follows a licensing agreement], select

ZonicBook/618E from the drop-down list and follow the on-screen instructions.

eZ-Analyst 978891 Software Installation, ZonicBook/618E 1-3

Reference Notes:

o Adobe Acrobat PDF versions of documents pertaining to ZonicBook/618E

are included on the Dynamic Signal Analysis CD and are automatically installed onto your PC’s hard-drive as a part of product support at the time of software installation. The default location is the Programs group, which can be accessed via the Windows Desktop Start Menu.

o After your software is installed you can setup your ZonicBook/618 and

connect it to the host computer. Instructions are included in the ZonicBook/618E User’s Manual, p/n 1106-0901.

1-4 Software Installation, ZonicBook/618E 978891 eZ-Analyst

IOtech 600 Series

For a 640u or 650u verify that you have the following items.

640u or 650u USB Cable Dynamic Signal Analysis CD License Key for eZ-Analyst Windows 2000 SP4 and Windows XP users:

PC with Intel™ Pentium, 1 GHz or equivalent; 512 MB memory; 10 GB disk space

Windows Vista users:

PC must be Windows Vista Premium Ready

For a 640e or 650e verify that you have the following items.

640e or 650e TR-2U Power Supply Ethernet Patch Cable Dynamic Signal Analysis CD License Keys for eZ-Analyst Windows 2000 SP4 and Windows XP users:

PC with Intel™ Pentium, 1 GHz or equivalent; 512 MB memory; 10 GB disk space

Windows Vista users:

PC must be Windows Vista Premium Ready

To Install the Software (Applies to all 600 Series models)

1. Close all running applications on the host PC.

2. Insert the Dynamic Signal Analysis CD into your CD-ROM drive and wait for the CD to auto-run.

An Opening Screen will appear.

4. Click the <ENTER SETUP> button.

5. From the hardware selection screen [which follows a licensing agreement], select the applicable

device (640e, 640u, 650e, or 650u) from the drop-down list and follow the on-screen instructions.

Reference Notes:

o After the software is installed you can setup your 600 Series analyzer and connect it to the

host computer. Instructions are included in a Quick Start shipped with the device. The Dynamic Signal Analysis CD includes PDF versions of the 600 Series quick starts and a user’s manual.

o Adobe Acrobat PDF versions of documents pertaining to IOtech 600 Series analyzers are

included on the Dynamic Signal Analysis CD. In addition, they are automatically installed onto your PC’s hard-drive as a part of product support at the time of software installation. The default location is the Programs group, which can be accessed via the Windows Desktop Start Menu.

Dynamic Signal Analyzers for Vibration Analysis & Monitoring

640u and 650u (USB2.0)

640e and 650e (Ethernet)

eZ-Analyst 978891 Software Installation, 600 Series 1-3

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1-4 Software Installation, 600 Series 978891 eZ-Analyst

An Introduction to eZ-Analyst 2

Features …… 2-1 Measurement Mode …… 2-4 Playback Mode …… 2-4 A Word About Configuration …… 2-5

eZ-Analyst is the result of more than ten years of software development and customer input. This software adds realtime continuous and transient data acquisition to IOtech 600

Series, WaveBooks, and ZonicBook/618E dynamic signal analyzers. Analysis can be in the time, frequency, or order

domain.

eZ-Analyst is operated through a series of setup windows that display only the information deemed important to your test. Acquisition configuration involves selecting desired acquisition parameters from user-friendly menus.

Features

• Real-time FFT analysis

• Easy-to-use graphical user interface provides fast setup

• Large number of display options: Time Waveform, Spectrum, Auto Spectrum,

FRF, Cross, PSD, Transfer Function, Coherence, Octave, and Waterfall

• Order Normalization and Order Tracked Plots

• Multiple Plot Overlays using exported data files

• Export to Excel, ME Scope, SMS Star, or UFF Type 58 ASCII or Binary

• Save/Recall display setups with multiple display windows and overlays

• Wide selection of real-time analysis features, including integration/differentiation

averaging, and much more

eZ-Analyst Series 878193 Introduction 2-1

Playback / Record Status

Acquisition Graph Edit Input Channel Status Toolbar Config. Window (Open/Close)

Analog Input Tach Channels Channels

Averaging Status

Slider

Date/Time

Channel Identifiers

Four Function View Windows in Playback Mode

eZ-Analyst is a graphical analysis application that can be used to collect, analyze, record, and play back recorded data. With use of a 600 Series, ZonicBook/618E, or WaveBook analyzer, ez-Analyst can collect and display multiple channels of data in real-time. The graphical displays can consist not only of the raw time-domain data, but also plots of frequency domain data. For example, real time FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) plots.

Data that is recorded to disk-file is in the raw time domain and can be played back for additional analysis time and time again. For example, a raw signal can be played back overand-over using different FFT Window algorithms to manipulate the signal. Once the desired results have been achieved, the new data can be exported to a different file and format, while preserving the original file. In addition, the playback capability does not require the presence of analyzer hardware.

2-2 Introduction 878193 eZ-Analyst Series

You can select the Measurement Mode or the Playback mode from either the Task pull-down menu, or by using the <Change Task Mode> button [the first button in the Task Bar]. The Task Tool Bar automatically changes to accommodate the selected mode.

1 Status

Message

2 Acquisition

Status

3 Date/Time Provides time in the following format: Day-Month-Year, Hour: Minutes: Seconds.

4 Slider Bar The sliding bar indicates the relative location of the displayed data. The record number and

5 Playback /

Recording Status

A message regarding the status, if applicable, will be displayed in this area. Examples of possible messages are: Double Hammer Rejected, Overload Rejected, Reject (Manual Reject Mode), and GAP.

Indicates the status of the acquisition.

Waiting Trigger indicates that a trigger has not been recognized since the Acquire button

was clicked.

Triggered indicates eZ-Analyst is capturing and processing data based on the setup

conditions.

Acquiring indicates that data is being acquired, but is not being recorded to disk.

Recording indicates that data is being recorded-to-disk, as it is being acquired.

Completed indicates eZ-Analyst has finished processing the frame of data.

The “Averages Count” increments by 1 at this time.

When in Record Mode the current time is displayed. When in Playback Mode the measured time is displayed.

the number of records in the file are listed to the right. The slider can be used to quickly locate a specific record. Note that both the Record and the Playback mode make use of the slider bar.

Displays the current record and the total number of records to be collected. Time equivalents are included in parenthesis

Example, 12/25 means that the record currently displayed is the 12 25 records.

record, out of a total of

Averaging

Status

6 Channels Each numbered box represents a channel. Drag a channel [channel-box] to the plot area to

This field shows when the Averaging Mode is used, during the Scope Mode or the Playback Mode. A display of 2/5 would indicate that 2 averages have been performed out of a total of 5 averages to be performed.

have its data displayed. That channel’s data is plotted in a distinct color and a color-coded channel button is displayed to the right of the plot.

Reference channels are bold and italic. The underlined channel is the current reference channel. Use the right mouse button to select current reference channel. Reference channels are specified in the Configuration accessed via the Edit Menu.

eZ-Analyst Series 878193 Introduction 2-3

Measurement Mode

The Measurement Mode is an active data-collecting mode, which, for that reason, requires the use of data acquisition hardware. The Measurement Mode can only be selected if analyzer hardware is present (600 Series. ZonicBook/618E, or WaveBook).

The Measurement Mode acquires data using one of the following three methods: (1) Scope-Continuous, (2) Scope-Single, and (3) Record.

The Scope-Continuous and Scope-Single methods display data, but do not log data. The scope methods are useful for signal validation and checkout. The Record method, in addition to displaying data, logs data-to-disk based on user-defined start and stop criteria.

In addition to being selected from the Task Menu, the Measurement Mode can be selected from the Task Tool Bar by clicking the <Change Task Mode> button while in the Playback Mode. Clicking this button from Measurement Mode will change the task mode tool bar to Playback.

The Measurement Mode is detailed in Chapter 3.

Change Task Mode

Scope-Continuous Scope-Single Record Cursor Lock

Measurement Mode Task Bar

Playback Mode

The Playback Mode does not require the presence of physical hardware. When in Playback, eZ-Analyst is strictly a post-acquisition display and analysis program. Raw time-domain data, that has been recorded-to-disk, can be played back for analysis repeatedly. For example, a raw signal could be played back several times, each time using a different FFT Window algorithm to manipulate the original signal. Once the desired results have been achieved the new data can be exported in a new format and to a different file. The original file can remain unchanged, and kept for future analysis.

To activate the Playback Mode, select Playback/Review on the Task Menu. An option is to click the <Change Task Mode> button (the first button in the tool bar) while in the Measurement Mode. If an analyzer (600 Series, WaveBook, or ZonicBook/618E) is not available eZ-Analyst will automatically enter the Playback mode and will display the data that was most recently recorded to disk.

The Playback Mode is detailed in Chapter 3.

Change Task Mode

Play Backward, Play Backward Stop Play Play Forward One Frame at a Time One Frame at a Time

Playback Mode Task Bar

2-4 Introduction 878193 eZ-Analyst Series

A Word About Configuration

eZ-Analyst makes use of various menus and related windows for the purpose of configuration. Chapter 4 is devoted exclusively to the Edit menu. It is that menu which provides access to the Configuration Window (see figure). It is from the Configuration Window that the majority of acquisition related settings are made.

Configuring Input Channels

eZ-Analyst Series 878193 Introduction 2-5

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2-6 Introduction 878193 eZ-Analyst Series

Menus 3

Task Menu …… 3-1

Measurement Mode…….3-1 Playback Mode…….3-3 Input Range (Auto/Manual)……..3-3 Calibration………..3-5

File Menu …… 3-10 Control Menu …… 3-10 Export Menu …… 3-11 Window Menu …… 3-13 Edit Menu ……

see chapter 4

Waterfalls, Order Tracking, and Frequency

….. see chapter 7

Slices

Foreword

The menus, with exception of the Task Menu and the Edit Menu, are presented in the order that they appear on eZ-Analyst’s main window. The Task Menu is discussed first since it is from this menu that the user (1) selects Measurement Mode or Playback Mode and (2) makes use of the Auto-Ranging feature for input channels.

The Edit Menu is perhaps the most significant of all eZ-Analyst menus and is the most frequently used. Chapter 4 is dedicated solely to the Edit Menu.

Reference Note: Refer to chapter 4 for information regarding the Edit Menu.

Note! The “Edit Menu>Configuration> Preferences tab” section of chapter 4 discusses a Measurement Mode panel. This panel is of importance to file overwrite protection, and should be read (see page 4-38).

Refer to Chapter 7 for details regarding three spectrum only views: 3D Waterfall, Frequency Slice, and Spectrum Display Split View.

Task Menu

Task Menu > Measurement Mode

The Measurement Mode is an active data-collecting mode, which, for that reason, requires the use of data acquisition hardware. The Measurement Mode can only be selected if a 600 Series, ZonicBook/618E, or WaveBook is available; otherwise, eZ-Analyst will run in the Playback Mode.

The Measurement Mode acquires data using one of the following three methods: (1) Scope-Continuous, (2) Scope-Single, and (3) Record.

Change Task Mode

Scope-Continuous Scope-Single Record Cursor Lock

Measurement Mode Task Bar

eZ-Analyst 878193 Menus 3-1

Note that grayed-out buttons indicate that the associated function is not available due to a prerequisite not being met.

Change Task Mode

Changes the task from Measurement Mode to Playback Mode. The Task Bar buttons will change accordingly.

Record

Scope-Continuous

Scope-Single

Signal Generator

Indicates that the Generator is turned ON

Indicates that the Generator is turned OFF

Cursor Lock

Starts recording data-to-disk in continuous time. Note that a ZonicBook or WaveBook must be used to acquire data.

Starts a block-time data acquisition. This scope method is typically used to acquire impact data or to take measurements when data storage is not required.

Starts a single-time run data acquisition. This scope method is typically used to acquire impact data or to take measurements when data storage is not required.

The Signal Generator button toggles between two images and is only active when hardware is present.

The sign wave button indicates that the generator is ON. Clicking on it will turn the generator OFF and the button image will change to a circled red line, indicating that the generator is OFF.

Clicking the button, while the “Off Status” image is present, will turn the Signal Generator back ON, and will change the button to show the sign wave image.

Note: For WaveBook applications you must set the applicable output channel (that is to generate the signal) to “Active.” See, Output Channel Setup in chapter 4.

An active cursor lock button will have the image of an opened or locked padlock. When the padlock is locked (closed), cursors in multiple windows will be synchronized and locked, providing that the windows are of the same time domain, frequency domain, or have the same octave band data.

An opened padlock image indicates that cursors in multiple windows have independent cursor movement, i.e., they are unsynchronized.

Export

This button exports data, if export conditions are set. For details, see the section, Export Menu> Export Function Data.

3-2 Menus 878193 eZ-Analyst

Task Menu > Playback / Review Mode

To activate the Playback Mode, select Playback/Review on the Task Menu. An option is to click the <Change Task Mode> button (the first button in the tool bar) while in the Measurement Mode. Also, note that when a WaveBook or ZonicBook is not available, eZ-Analyst will automatically enter the Playback mode and will display the data that was most recently recorded to disk.

Change Task Mode

Play Backward, Play Backward Stop Play Play Forward One Frame at a Time One Frame at a Time

Playback Mode Task Bar

Task Menu > Input Range (Auto/Manual) *

Auto-ranging is a procedure that automatically sets the input full-scale voltage (FSV) range for input channels. The FSV is set by measuring a representative sample of real-time data. Autoranging is only performed on active channels.

Auto-ranging works best if you supply the maximum expected voltage range for the data that will be captured during the acquisition. Therefore, make the Auto Range Duration long enough to apply a typical signal. In addition, make sure that the Auto Range Analysis Frequency is fast enough to capture the high frequency component. Typically the Analysis Frequency will be the same setting as eZ-Analyst’s Acquisition Analysis Frequency.

AutoRange Dialog Box, from a WaveBook

Note that AutoRange Dialog Boxes for other analyzers are similar.

* You can access the dialog box by clicking the <Auto Range> button, which is located on the

Input Channels tab, when in the “Measurement Mode.”

eZ-Analyst 878193 Menus 3-3

Mode

The Mode panel consists of three radio buttons, which are used to select one of the following range modes: AutoRange(%), AutoRange(V), or ManualRange(V).

Starting FSV

The Starting FSV (Full Scale Voltage) panel consists of three radio buttons, which are used to set the starting FSV to Maximum, Minimum, or Current.

Channel Gauges

The channel gauges, one per channel, display the instantaneous peak value as percentage or voltage, depending on the mode that was selected. The color of the vertical bar has the following significance:

Yellow The signal range is from 0 to the minimum Full-Scale Voltage set in the Auto-range Setup

Green The signal range is from the minimum to the maximum of the Full-Scale Voltage set in the

Red The signal range is over the maximum of the Full-Scale Voltage set in the Auto-range Setup

window.

Auto-range Setup window.

window.

%, FSVF, & Factors Display

Maximum FSV is the high-end limit for the input voltage.

Note that 25.7 V is the highest possible FSV for a ZonicBook Medallion.

Minimum FSV is the low-end limit for the input voltage. In the figure at the right Minimum FSV is set to 0.2 volts.

HI Accept % defines the highest acceptable percentage of peak input voltage for the selected FSV, i.e., Current, Minimum, or Maximum. Thus, if our selected FSV was 0.2 V and we had an upper limit of 90%; then our upper limit in volts would be 0.18 V. An example follows as to how exceeding this value causes a range adjustment.

LO Accept % defines the lowest acceptable percentage of peak input voltage for the selected FSV, i.e., (Current, Minimum, or Maximum). Thus, if our selected FSV was 0.2 V and we had a lower limit of 10%; then our actual low limit in volts would be .02 V.

Incr Factor (Increasing Factor) is the factor by which the Current FSV will increase, should the peak exceed the upper limit. In the figure we see that the Increasing factor is

1.5.

Decr Factor (Decreasing Factor) is the factor by which the Current FSV will decrease, should the peak not reach the lower limit. Keeping the decrease factor at “1” will result in no decrease of the Current FSV. Setting the Decrease Factor to 0.8 would cause the Current FSV to decrease to 80% of its value if the peak fell short of the low limit.

Note: These are the same values that were entered in the Vpeak column in the Channel Setup

window. The values are immediately replaced when the Auto ranging process begins.

3-4 Menus 878193 eZ-Analyst

An Example of Auto-Ranging

Maximum FSV set at 25.7 V Minimum FSV set at 0.2 V Upper Limit set at 90% Lower Limit set at 10% Increasing Factor set at 1.5 Decreasing Factor set at 1

In the first iteration we see that we have a peak of 0.19 V. This falls outside of our band of

0.02 to 0.18 V that was established by our upper and lower limit percentages; i.e., 90% of the Current FSV and 10% of the FSV.

As a result, the Current FSV is increased by a factor of 1.5 (our Increasing Factor) and the Current FSV becomes 0.30 V. Our limits, in volts, also changed since we are now looking at percentages of 0.30 volts instead of the same percentages of 0.20 volts.

In the second iteration of our example, we see a 0.22 volt peak. This value is within our established limits so the Current FSV does not change.

Note 1: If the Capture Mode is the Input Channel (Trigger Mode), the Auto Range process waits for a

trigger.

Note 2: A Start FSV of Minimum or Maximum can selected instead of Current FSV, as in our example.

Minimum FSV is the default.

In this example we have set the radio button for Current FSV instead of Minimum or Maximum (note 2). The starting value, in the example, is 0.20 V.

An Example of Auto-Ranging

Task Menu > Calibration

When calibration is performed, a signal of known Peak level [or RMS value] is supplied to a transducer that is connected to an active input channel. An accelerometer calibrator or piston phone is typically used to generate the calibration signal for vibration sensors and microphones, respectively.

eZ-Analyst includes a Calibration window for selecting the channels to be calibrated and for entering several signal-related parameters. In addition, the calibration is actually started from the window.

Examples:

Accelerometer calibrators typically make use of linear engineering

units and, as their name implies, are used for calibrating accelerometers.

Piston phones are most often used for calibrating microphones. Piston phones typically make use of decibel (dB) engineering units.

eZ-Analyst 878193 Menus 3-5

When you are in “Measurement Mode” you can access the Calibration window from the Task Menu or from the Input/Output Channels tab.

Calibration Display Screen

When a channel is calibrated, the number of averages used will be 5, or the number that is designated in the “No. of Averages” field (located on the Analyzer Tab). The greater of the two values will be used, automatically.

A discussion of the various regions of the Calibration window now follows. The section concludes with an example.

Calibration Process

Single Channel

Multiple Channel

Used to select one active channel at a time. When the calibrator only has one channel output, the Single Channel method must be used. When Single Channel is selected, the “Active” column shows a radio button next to each channel.

Used to select two or more channels for simultaneous calibration. This is only an option when the calibrator offers more than one output. When Multiple Channel is selected, the “Active” column shows a checkbox next to each channel.

Calibration Domain

With the use of Fourier Transform, any signal can be viewed from a time domain or a frequency domain. Either domain can be selected for use in the calibration process.

Time

Frequency

The overall value is computed using time domain data.

The overall value is computed with frequency domain data by summing up frequency component of FFT spectrum.

Calibrator Frequency (Hz)

This field is used to enter the frequency setting of the calibrator. The analysis frequency, which is twice this frequency, is used if possible. Otherwise, the maximum allowed analysis frequency is used.

3-6 Menus 878193 eZ-Analyst

Columns on the Calibration Window

No. This column displays channel numbers [1, 2, 3, … etc.] for easy reference to

their associated cells. The channel numbers, being for display indication only, are fixed and can not be edited.

Active When “Single Channel” is selected, you can click on a radio button in the

“Active” column to enable one channel for calibration. When the calibration is complete, select the radio button for the next channel to be calibrated.

When “Multiple Channel” is selected, the radio buttons are replaced by checkboxes. Ensure that each channel to be calibrated has the associated box checked, and that the remaining channels remain unchecked. For multiple channel applications note that you can click on the column label, i.e., the word “Active” to simultaneously check or uncheck all channel checkboxes in the column.

Note: The channel settings in the Calibration window are independent of the

selections that appear in the Input Channel Setup window. Only active channel shows up at calibration window.

Calibrator Type

This column is used to select Peak or RMS* as the calibrator type. Highlight a cell, or range of cells, in the grid, then select Peak or RMS from the popup menu.

Peak

RMS

Calibrator Scale

Uses the peak amplitude of the spectrum around the specified frequency of the calibration signal.

Uses a compensated overall level calculation to determine the RMS level of the calibration signal, as specified in the Units field.

*RMS – Root-mean-square, is the square root of the arithmetic mean of the

squares of a set of numbers.

This column is used to select the calibrator scale to linear or to decibel.

Select Lin if the calibrator is in linear scale.

Lin

Select dB if the calibrator scale is dB.

Note: While there are several definitions to dB, in our application we are

using dB to express the ratio of the magnitudes of two quantities equal to 20 times the common logarithm of the ratio.

The formula for dB is:

dB = 20 log (x/dBEUref)

EU dB Reference

dB EU Reference is applied to displayed data when the Y-axis scale is set to dB.

dB = 20 log (x/dBEUref)

The formula for dB display for Autospectrum, Cross Spectrum, and PSD is:

dB =10 log [x/((dBEUref)^2)]

This field is used to enter the Engineering Units dB reference.

This is valid only for frequency domain data. Note: The dB Reference (Volt) can be changed simultaneously for all channels

from the associated entry box in the FFT Setup Tab. The tab is accessed from the Configuration Window [via the Edit pull-down menu].

The formula for dB display for Unaveraged Spectrum, Averaged Spectrum, and FRF is:

eZ-Analyst 878193 Menus 3-7

Calibrator EU

Measured mV

Transducer mV/EU

EU Offset EU Offset is used for DC signal compensation. Offset is added to, or

This field is used to set the Calibrator’s Engineering Units.

Displays the measured value of the channel in milli-volts.

The Transducer mV/EU value can be entered manually, or by the measurement process. Highlight a cell, or cells, in the grid before typing a value in the data entry box. Then press the <OK> button to accept the value. All other fields linked to this value are updated when the value is accepted.

mV/EU= Volts/Units * Transducer Gain

subtracted from the measured EU value.

Transducer Gain

Calibration Date

Start Calibration Measurement

Transducer Gain is used as auxiliary scaling to compensate for the transducer amplifier gain. Gain is a multiplied function.

This column displays the date and time of the last calibration. If any channel value changes, even if the original number is restored, the calibration date and time are automatically removed for that channel.

Clicking this button starts the calibration process for all selected channels. At the completion of the calibration, the measured mV and the Transducer mV/EU value for the applicable channels are automatically updated.

3-8 Menus 878193 eZ-Analyst

Calibration Procedure, an Example

Accelerometer type - Piezotronics 303A03 Calibrator - Piezotronics 394B05 - 1.02 G (RMS) at 80Hz Unit of acceleration - in/sec^2

Note: 1.02 G RMS is equivalent to 393.811 in/sec^2 (1G=386.089in/sec^2).

This is a linear scale, thus we will be selecting Lin in the Calibrator Scale column.

In this example we will be calibrating channel 1.

1. Attach the accelerometer to the calibrator (signal source). Connect the other end of the accelerometer cable to the channel 1.

2. Set the FSV into a proper range (i.e. 32.4 mV) in the Input Channels Setup window, then click the <Apply> button.

3. Set the desired blocksize in the Analyzer Tab if a block size of greater than 4096 is desired.

4. Set the “No. of Averages” in the Analyzer Tab if an average count of greater than 5 is desired.

5. Open the Calibration Window from the Task Menu, or from the Input/Output Channels Tab.

6. Select “Single Channel.”

7. Select “Auto Range,” if desired.

8. Select a Calibration domain. In this case, either “Time” or “Frequency” can be selected.

9. Enter 80 Hz in the Calibrator Frequency field.

10. Ensure the radio button for Channel 1 is enabled (in the Active column.)

11. Select RMS for the Calibrator Type.

12. Select Linear in the Calibrator Scale field.

13. Leave EU dB Reference set at 1.000. Note that this step can be skipped when linear scale is used.

14. Set Calibrator EU at 1.02 ; implying an engineering unit of 1G.

15. Enter 393.811 in the Transducer mv/EU field.

16. Leave the EU Offset at 0.0000. We are assuming no offset in this example.

17.

Leave 1.000 as the Transducer Gain. No amplifier or attenuator is being used in our

example.

18. Click <Apply> so your new values will not be lost.

19. Click the <Start Calibration Measurement> button to begin calibration.

eZ-Analyst 878193 Menus 3-9

File Menu

The File Menu provides a means to print plotted data, as well as open, save, and export data files.

Open Time History Data

Used to locate and open saved .dsc files.

Save [or Open] Multiple Data Set (.mds)

These two menu items provide a means of saving [or opening] function files. Time and autospectrum data is saved. If there is any reference channel cross-spectrum is saved for all channel pairs. The file extension is .mds.

Save [or Recall] Hardware Setup (.set)

These menu items provide a means of saving [or recalling] current settings and processing conditions. In addition, .mds files can be used to recall setup conditions, because these filetypes include setup conditions in addition to measured data. Note that only the setup condition is recalled.

Save [or Recall] Plot Setup (.pset)

These two menu items provide a means of saving [or recalling] the current plot condition, such as window locations and window content, including: channel numbers, function type, axis-type, and range. These files can be recalled at a later date to process customized plot conditions.

Without user intervention, the plot setup file is automatically saved with .mds and .dsc files.

You can have plot setups automatically recalled whenever you recall data files. To select this option, open the Preferences window [accessed through the Edit pull-down menu] and check the box labeled “Recall Plot Setup When Recall Data Files.”

The standard print window associated with your specific computer will open. Select a printer and the number of copies needed before clicking <OK>.

Note: In regard to printing, black plot backgrounds changed to white.

Authorization

Opens an Authorization Dialog box that provides a means of entering a license key (authorization code). Use of the key enables the features of purchased software, such as eZ-Analyst. The dialog box includes an option to run a 30-day trial version of eZ-Analyst.

Exit

This menu item closes the eZ-Analyst application.

Control Menu

The Control Menu selections provide the same functionality as the Task Bar buttons previously discussed.

3-10 Menus 878193 eZ-Analyst

Export Menu

Export Menu > Time History Data …

This window is used to export recorded files as Text (ASCII) files.

Source Information Panel

This panel, located at the top of the window, contains basic information about the source file (see figure).

Export Window

Destination Information Panel

Note: For 600 Series, WaveBooks, and ZonicBook/618E analyzers the file format is Text (ASCII).

1. In the Filename data entry box, type the directory path and file name for the recorded file, or use the <Browse> button to locate the desired file. The correct file extension will be appended to the file name later, when the <OK> button is clicked.

2. Specify the First (Starting) and Last (Ending) records (blocks) that you want saved. In the first figure above, “1” is specified for the Starting Block and “88” is specified for the Ending Block.

3. Specify the channels of interest. Click to place a checkmark in the channel box for each of the channels you want to export. The selected channels will be adjusted to continuous channels starting with channel 1, but all the properties [including labels] will retain the old definition. For example, selected channels 1,3,5,6,8,16 would be adjusted to channels 1,2,3,4,5,6 in the exported file.

4. If desired, change the gain and/or offset values on a per-channel basis.

5. Click the <OK> button.

eZ-Analyst 878193 Menus 3-11

Export Menu > Function Data Set(s)

This menu item is for exporting function files.

Export Function Data

1. Select the type of file you want.

2. Type the directory path and file name for the function file, or use the <Browse> button to locate the desired file.

3. If you want to have records automatically appended to the specified file, select Automatic Save after Averaging.

4. Specify either All Ch. Pairs, or Displayed Ch. & Functions.

• All Ch. Pairs - exports all the data for all the channels pairs so that all functions

can be retrieved if desired.

• Displayed Ch. & Functions - exports only the data for the displayed functions.

5. Click to place a checkmark by each of the functions to be saved. See the following note.

6. Click <OK>.

Note: Selected functions can not be saved without the display of a warning prompt. This is in

case the selection is not valid. For example: if the functions FRF, Cross, and Coherence were selected, but no reference channels were selected, then the three functions could not be saved. This is because these three functions require a reference channel.

3-12 Menus 878193 eZ-Analyst

Window Menu

Menu Items

Add Function View (FV) …… 3-13 Add Strip Chart …… 3-13 Delete Window …… 3-14 Input Channels …… 3-14

Acquisition Setup …… 3-15 Measurement Status …… 3-17 User Comments ……3-16 Cascade …… 3-17 Tile Vertically ……3-17 Tile Horizontally …… 3-18 Refresh Windows …… 3-18

Buttons ……3-14 Status …… 3-14 Locations….… 3-15 Tachometer …… 3-15

Reference Note:

For information regarding the interactive features of Plot Display Windows, including the Graphic Toolbar buttons, refer to chapter 5. The interactive features are not selected from the Window Menu, but are accessed via toolbar buttons, the mouse and/or hotkeys. Appendix A provides tables of the various hotkey functions.

Window Menu

> Add Function View (FV)

This menu selection opens an additional plot window.

Example of an Added Function View

Reference Note:

Three buttons become enabled at the right side of the main window toolbar for most single-display function views (FV), i.e., when frequency is used for the x-axis scale instead of time.

eZ-Analyst 878193 Menus 3-13

Window Menu > Add Strip Chart

This menu selection opens a strip chart plot window.

Example of an Added Strip Chart

Window Menu > Delete Window

Deletes the window that is currently in focus. When multiple plot windows are open, one is always the “focus window. When a window does not have focus, its title bar is dimmed. To change the “focus window,” simply click on top or side border of the window of interest.

Window Menu

Buttons

Status

> Input Channels

The Input Channels window is selected from the Windows pull-down menu.

When selected, “Buttons” removes the channel button boxes from the toolbar and displays them in a floating window. The buttons are used in the exact same manner as when they were located on eZ-Analyst’s main window. Removing the checkmark from “Buttons” places the channel buttons back onto the toolbar. Note that the <Input Channel Buttons> button [located on the toolbar, just to the left of where the channel buttons reside] provides the same functionality. See chapter 5 for location.

• To add a channel: use the mouse to click and drag a channel box from the

complete channel button display into the plot area.

• To remove a channel: use the mouse to click and drag a channel box (from the

right-side of the plot) into the plot area.

The Status dialog box (following figure) uses a chart to indicate the followings:

• Volts linear

• percent of the Full-Scale Voltage (FSV)

The status box includes “maximum” bars to show the highest level of signal value reached by each channel during the measurement process.

Status

+/- FSV The Full-Scale Voltage

Delta % The percentage difference between the measured voltage

Meas V

Measured Voltage

and the Full-Scale voltage, such that Meas V is n% of FSV; with n being the value of Delta %.

3-14 Menus 878193 eZ-Analyst

Locations

This window displays the current modal locations.

Modal Locations Window

Clicking on the left or right arrow keys increments or decrements the modal locations based on the bank setup criteria set in the Configuration - FFT Setup Tab. The change in locations is dependent upon the active reference and response channels, and whether Response Increase or Reference Increase is selected.

Tachometer

This window displays three fields: tachometer channel number, measurement, and units. Tachometer channels are set up in the Input Channels Window. See the Tach Channels section of chapter 4 for additional information.

Window Menu > Acquisition Setup

Selecting “Acquisition Setup” brings up a display of setup information pertaining to the acquisition, e.g., Analysis Frequency, Blocksize, Trigger, Mode, etc.

Acquisition Setup

eZ-Analyst 878193 Menus 3-15

Window Menu > Measurement Status Panel

The Measurement Status Panel and Modal Locations Window

on Top of a Plot Window

Note: The bracketed letters pertain to definitions provided in the following text.

The panel provides basic, but important information, including trigger and processing conditions, and reference and response coordinates. Status Areas of the panel are as follows:

[A] – Averaging Status. Displays the number of measurements completed followed by the total

number of measurements. For example, “1/6” indicates that 1 of 6 measurements has been completed.

[B] – Trigger/Processing Status. Displays the following:

T – Triggered W- Waiting for Trigger S – Saved the data C – Completed measurement O – Overload rejected D (with yellow background) – Double Hammer Rejected

[C] – First Response Coordinate. Shows the channel number and the modal location. (Note 1) [D] – First Reference Coordinate. Shows the channel number and the modal location. (Note 1)

Note 1: A Response or a Reference Coordinate with a yellow background indicates that the

field is used for the “increasing” method. For example, the Response Field (figure, item “C”) with a yellow background means that the response increase method is being used. This is discussed in the FFT Setup Tab section of chapter 4.

Note 2: Measurement Status indicators are disabled when recording.

The large size of the status areas allows the user to see the measurement status from a relatively long distance, i.e., as compared to the very limited viewing range offered by standard-sized GUI text display fields. The feature has proven useful in one-man “impacttesting” operations pertaining to modal type measurements.

Window Menu

Selecting “User Comments” brings up a size-adjustable dialog box, which consists of a text field. User Comments provides the user a means by which he or she may review previous comments and add new ones.

3-16 Menus 878193 eZ-Analyst

> User Comments

Window Menu

> Cascade

When you have multiple plot windows open, this menu selection arranges them on you screen as shown.

Example of using Cascade with three Plot Windows

> Tile Vertically

When you have multiple plot windows open, this menu selection arranges them on your screen as shown. The Graph Toolbar, discussed in chapter 5, includes a button to allow for quick vertical tiling. Refer to that chapter for button descriptions and locations.

Example of using Vertical Tile with two Plots

Each plot is longer in the “vertical” direction.

eZ-Analyst 878193 Menus 3-17

Window Menu > Tile Horizontally

When you have multiple plot windows open; this menu selection arranges them on your screen as shown. The Graph Toolbar, discussed in chapter 5, includes a button to allow for quick horizontal tiling. Refer to that chapter for button descriptions and locations.

Example of using Horizontal Tile with two Plots

Each plot is longer in the “horizontal” direction.

Window Menu > Refresh Windows

Used to refresh a window; for example, to refresh a Strip Chart. In this case, the refresh function blanks out the present Strip Chart, essentially providing you with a new, clean window.

3-18 Menus 878193 eZ-Analyst

Edit Menu 4

The “Edit Menu>Configuration> Preferences tab” section discusses a

Measurement Mode panel. This panel is of importance to file overwrite protection; and should be understood (see page 4-39).

The Edit Menu provides a means of configuring eZ-Analyst in regard to both functionality and appearance. The menu contains the following selections:

Configuration Window …… 4-1

Analyzer Tab …… 4-3 Input Channels Tab …… 4-13 Analog Input Channels …..4-14

Tach Channels ….. 4-17

FFT Setup Tab …… 4-22 Recording Setup Tab …… 4-30 Block Rejection Tab …… 4-34 Octave Setup Tab …… 4-36 Preferences Tab …… 4-38

Output Channel Setup ….. 4-42

ZonicBook/618E and WaveBook Waveform Output …… 4-42 640u and 640e Waveform Output …… 4-44

Playback Setup Window …… 4-54 Display Preferences Window …… 4-55

Edit Menu > Configuration . . .

Configuration provides a means of changing the majority of eZ-Analyst settings in regard to

how data is collected and conditioned.

The Configuration selection displays one of several tab dialogs as listed in the preceding contents and discussed in the following pages. Before reading about the Analyzer tab you should read page 4-2, which contains important information on frequency resolution.

eZ-Analyst 978791 Edit Menu 4-1

A Note Regarding Frequency Resolution

Example 1 (see figure)

Given:

Analysis Frequency 2000 Hz Spectral Lines 800 Nyquist Factor 2.56

w = S / f = 800 / 2000

= 0.4 seconds

Also, since blocksize equals Spectral Lines times Nyquist factor ( S x n) we would have a blocksize of 2048, i.e., 800 x 2.56. Thus:

w = b / 2.56 x freq. = 2048 / (2.56)(2000) = 0.4 seconds

Delta X (Freq) = 1/w = 1 / 0.4

= 2.5 Hz

Acquisition Panel on

the Analyzer Tab

The values shown pertain to example 1.

Speed Range and Order Range are the theoretical limits for RPM and Orders based on the current settings for Analysis Frequency, Spectral Lines, and the Nyquist Factor.

Example 2 (no figure)

Given:

Analysis Frequency 5000 Hz Spectral Lines 50 Nyquist Factor 2.56

w = S / f = 50 / 5000

= 0.01 seconds

Delta X (Freq) = 1/w = 1 / 0.01

= 100 Hz

Note: A “Delta X” Freq. of 2.5 Hz indicates a higher frequency resolution than a “Delta X” Freq. of 100 Hz.

With other factors unchanged . . .

 Increasing Spectral Lines increases Frequency

Resolution.

 Increasing Analysis Frequency decreases Frequency

Resolution.

 Increasing the Nyquist Factor results in a higher

blocksize (more data points). The number of spectral lines remains constant, unless changed by the user.

The lower the “Delta X” frequency, the higher the

Frequency Resolution. Thus, a “Delta X” Frequency of

6.25 Hz indicates a higher frequency resolution than does a “Delta X” Frequency of 100 Hz.

This note pertains to frequency resolution and is related to the values seen in the Analyzer Tab’s

Acquisiton Panel (next two figures). The frequency resolution is related to the Analysis Frequency (bandwidth), the number of spectral lines, and the Nyquist factor (a user-selected variable). It is also related to the number of data points in one block of data (the blocksize). The program automatically adjusts the blocksize to maintain the selected spectral lines. The following equations apply.

b = S (n) and S = b / n

w = b / (n x f) and w = S / f

Where:

S = Spectral Lines w = Frame Width (in seconds) b = Blocksize n = one of 3 selectable

Nyquist Factors. These are:

2.56, 5.12 and 10.24 f = Analysis Frequency

“Delta X” Frequency = 1 / w

Where:

“Delta X” Frequency is the frequency resolution w = Frame Width

With these equations we can see how the Frame Width and Delta X (Frequency) are calculated.

4-2 Edit Menu 978791 eZ-Analyst

Higher frequency resolutions indicate that the signal trace will be based on more data points for a given time frame. The higher the frequency resolution, the smoother the trace will be.

The Analyzer Tab consists of four panels:

Acquisition

Filters

Trigger

Averaging

Analyzer Tab

Edit Menu > Configuration > Analyzer Tab

eZ-Analyst 978791 Edit Menu 4-3

Edit Menu > Configuration > Analyzer Tab: Acquisition Panel

The Acquisition Panel provides a means of setting Analysis Frequency (in Hz or CPM), Spectral Lines, and Nyquist Factor. The Acquisition frame has a note stating the calculated values for Frame Width, Delta X (Time), and Delta X (Frequency). Two examples are presented on the preceding page. "Speed Range" and "Order Range" are included in the on-screen note. They are the theoretical limits for RPM and Orders based on the current settings for Analysis Frequency, Spectral Lines, and the "Nyquist Factor.

Analysis Frequency: This section of the Acquisition Panel is used to set the maximum bandwidth for analysis. Frequency components above the Analysis Frequency setting will result in aliasing errors in the data. The bandwidth measurement can be set for Hertz (Hz) or Cycles Per Minute (CPM) by use of radio buttons. Note that the processing time for a selected blocksize is fixed by CPU speed.

Increasing the analysis frequency results in:

(a) the hardware streaming packets of data more frequently to the software (b) a greater demand placed on the software to process the data blocks, and (c) less time between data blocks available for task performance.

Spectral Lines: This section of the Acquisition Panel is used to set the number of spectral lines. You can multiply the spectral lines by the nyquist factor to find out the number of data points in a frame or block of data. Blocksizes, which are automatically determined (spectral lines times nyquist) can range from 128 to 16384 data points. A blocksize can be viewed as a chunk, or packet of data that moves through software algorithms.

As the number of spectral lines increases, the amount of data increases, the time required to acquire a block of data increases, and the amount of space required to save the data increases.

Nyquist Factor: A user-selected factor, for which waveform frequency is multiplied by, to ensure that a sampled analog signal is accurately reconstructed. eZ-Analyst has three selectable Nyquist Factors: 2.56, 5.12, and 10.24. The 2.56 Nyquist Factor should be used in most cases as it is the most efficient in FFT Analysis. However, if you suspect signal aliasing, a Nyquist factor of 5.12 or 10.24 should be selected. Higher Nyquist Factors result in more time data in the FFT Analysis.

Note: The maximum available Analysis Frequency is reduced for higher Nyquist Factors.

Note: WaveBook and ZonicBook systems will run at an analysis frequency which differs from the user setting. The difference is less than a fraction because the products use a pacer clock to control their acquisition rate. (Consult the respective hardware manuals for specifications.)

Effects of Changing Analysis Frequency, Spectral Lines, or Nyquist Factor

Analysis Frequency or Nyquist Factor

Direction of Change

File Size (Recorded Data)

Data Block AcquisitionTime*

Data Displayed in Scope Mode

Frequency Resolution

Increase

Larger disk file

Faster

Faster screen updates

Lower (higher Delta X)

Decrease

Smaller disk file

Slower

Slower screen updates

Higher (lower Delta X)

Spectral Lines

Direction of Change

File Size (Recorded Data)

Data Block AcquisitionTime*

Data Displayed in Scope Mode

Frequency Resolution

Increase

Larger disk file

Slower

Slower screen updates

Higher (lower Delta X)

Decrease

Smaller disk file

Faster

Faster screen updates

Lower (higher Delta X)

The AC coupling option of selecting 0.1 Hz or 1 Hz is available only on ZonicBook/618E and WBK18 modules [that are being used in conjunction with a ZonicBook/618E]. When a WBK18 is used with a WaveBook/516E, choosing AC Coupling [in the Edit Configuration menu] automatically enables filtering at 0.1 Hz.

The effects indicated by these two tables are based on changing one parameter only. If the Analysis Frequency, Spectral Lines, and/or Nyquist Factor are changed [for the same acquisition], then the tabled-effect from the other variables can differ, depending on the magnitude and direction of change of those variables.

*Data Block Acquisition-Time: The time it takes to acquire one block of data.

Edit Menu > Configuration > Analyzer Tab: Filters Panel

Filter Panel functionality does not apply to WaveBook direct channels.

Filters Panel

Apply Low Pass Filter: When selected, a low pass filter provides alias protection and removes undesired frequencies from the measured response for each associated channel.

AC Coupling (High Pass Filter): When AC Coupling is selected in the Input Channels tab, the associated input signals will pass through a 0.1 Hz or a 1 Hz High Pass Filter, depending on the product and on which radio button is selected (see note).

4-4 Edit Menu 978791 eZ-Analyst

Edit Menu > Configuration > Analyzer Tab: Trigger Panel

Triggering defines how eZ-Analyst is to begin the task of capturing and processing data. To capture data without using a trigger, select Free Run from the pull-down list. To capture transient data, select Input Channel from the pulldown list and set values for the applicable parameters.

Trigger Panel

on the Analyzer Tab

A Breakdown of the Analyzer Tab’s Trigger Panel

Category

Description

Type

If “Free Run” is selected as the Type, the data acquisition and processing will begin as soon as the <Acquire> button is clicked. Select “Free Run” if you want

to measure data in a continuous or Scope mode manner [from an active system].

If “Input Channel” is selected as the Type, the data acquisition and processing begin after the signal on the specified channel reaches the defined trigger

conditions. Select “Input Channel” if you want to capture transient data.

“TTL Pulse” applies to the TRIGGER INPUT BNC on ZonicBook/618E and to the TTL TRIGGER on WaveBook’s DB25 connector (pin # 13). The input accepts a 0

to 5 V TTL compatible signal. Latency is 300 ns.

Channel No.

Specifies the channel that the trigger condition applies to.

Level

This value is the point that the signal must pass through to be considered as a candidate for a trigger. This value is entered as volts and must be within the selected FSV.

Slope

Slope icon buttons are used to select a “Positive” rising (up arrow) or a “Negative” falling (down arrow) slope of the signal that defines a trigger

condition. The signal must be on the defined slope before it can be considered for use as a trigger

PreTrigger

Selecting the “Pre-Trigger” icon button (arrow will point left) instructs the system to capture a specified percentage of data [a specified percent of the frame size] prior to the start of trigger event. In the previous figure we see that

“Pre-Trigger” is selected for 10.00 (%).

Note: For 640 and 650 series devices a maximum pre-trigger percentage for

exists for each combination of analysis frequency, number of spectral lines, and number of analog input channels. Entering too high of a percentage results in an error message. You can use the following 5 tables to see the allowed maximum pre-trigger percentage for your configuration.

The Trigger Panel provides a means of setting and defining trigger-related parameters.

eZ-Analyst 978791 Edit Menu 4-5

Maximum Pre-trigger Percentages for 640 and 650 Series Devices

This section consists of 5 tables for users of IOtech 640 or 650 series devices who want to know the maximum pre-trigger percentage for the configured number of input channels, spectral lines and the analysis frequency. To determine the percentage:

1) Go to the table for the number of input channels being used.

2) Select the row that matches the number of spectral lines.

3) Look down the column that matches the selected analysis frequency.

4) The result (where row and column intersect) is the maximum pre-trigger percentage.

Example: with 1 channel, 500Hz, and 12800 spectral lines we have a maximum pre-trigger percentage of 47% .

For 1 Channel

Frequency

20Hz

50Hz

100Hz

200Hz

500Hz

1kHz

2kHz

5kHz

10kHz

20kHz

40kHz

Spectral

Lines

25600

1 5 5

12800

6400

3200

1600

800

400

200

100

For 2 Channels

Frequency

20Hz

50Hz

100Hz

200Hz

500Hz

1kHz

2kHz

5kHz

10kHz

20kHz

40kHz

Spectral

Lines

25600

1 5 5

12800

6400

3200

1600

800

400

200

100

4-6 Edit Menu 978791 eZ-Analyst

For 3 Channels

Frequency

20Hz

50Hz

100Hz

200Hz

500Hz

1kHz

2kHz

5kHz

10kHz

20kHz

40kHz

Spectral

Lines

25600

0 3 3

12800

1 7 7

6400

3200

1600

800

400

200

100

For 4 Channels

Frequency

20Hz

50Hz

100Hz

200Hz

500Hz

1kHz

2kHz

5kHz

10kHz

20kHz

40kHz

Spectral

Lines

25600

0 2 2

12800

1 5 5

6400

3200

1600

800

400

200

100

For 5 Channels

Frequency

20Hz

50Hz

100Hz

200Hz

500Hz

1kHz

2kHz

5kHz

10kHz

20kHz

40kHz

Spectral

Lines

25600

0 2 2 8 8

12800

0 4 4

6400

1 8 8

3200

1600

800

400

200

100

eZ-Analyst 978791 Edit Menu 4-7

PostTrigger

Selecting the “Post-Trigger” icon button (arrow will point right) instructs the system to skip a specified percentage of data [a specified percent of the frame size] after the start of trigger event. If we selected “Post-Trigger” and entered

10.00 in the percent box, we would see 10% of the data skipped, in relation to frame size.

Beep Sound

If desired, check a box so a “beep” will sound when the Trigger is Ready, or when the system has Triggered. If rapid triggering/acquiring data events are taking place in succession, then the beep sound may become erratic.

Select Free Run from the Analyzer Tab’s Trigger Panel if you want to measure data in a continuous or Scope mode manner [from an active system].

To capture transient data, go to the Configuration dialog found under the Edit menu and on the Analyzer tab select Input Channel and specify the applicable channel and conditions.

Trigger-related items [in the Analyzer Tab or Recording Setup Tab] being locked-out indicates that the current mode is for playback operation. If so, perform the following:

(1) close the Configuration Window

(2) select “Measurement Mode” from the Task pull-down menu

(3) open the Configuration window

Continued from page 4-6

Capturing Transient Data

Setting eZ-Analyst to trigger on an Input Channel captures transient data when the associated parameters are correctly specified. The following sections discuss the associate parameter and how they apply to a signal such as an impact hammer striking an object. The signal show is from an accelerometer located in the hammer’s head.

Set Trigger level:

The first and most important parameter is the trigger level. This parameter specifies the level in which the signal must pass through in order for an acquisition process to begin. An ideal level will assure that the signal is well above any noise or erroneous movement that will cause a trigger. An ideal level will also assure that the level is not above the maximum output of the signal source. Violating these ideal conditions can result in either a premature trigger or no triggering at all. For example, if a signal has a noise floor of 0.5 volts and the trigger level is set to 0.2 volts the acquisition will always trigger for obvious reasons. Conversely, if the maximum signal output is 5.0 volts and the trigger is set to 5.5 volts the acquisition will never trigger.

4-8 Edit Menu 978791 eZ-Analyst

Reference Notes: The following sections of this document contain information that closely relates to the subject of Capturing Transient Data. Reading over the following material should improve your understanding of the important concepts involved.

 Capturing Transient Data, page 4-8.  Recording Setup, page 4-30.  Block Rejection Tab, page 4-34.

 Considerations Regarding Double Hammer Rejection, page 4-35.

(A) Setting Signal Position

Once an acceptable trigger level has been ascertained, positioning the signal within a block of sampled data (and in the display window) is the next consideration. Often it is necessary to capture the events that lead up to the trigger point. If this is the situation then positioning should be set for Pre-trigger capturing. On the other hand, if the signal of interest occurs after the trigger point, then positioning should be set for Post-Trigger capturing.

(B) Normal Trigger

Normal Triggering is obtained by specifying zero for the PreTrigger and zero for the PostTrigger; where the trigger point occurs at the first sample point as pictured in the figure to the left.

To capture information before the trigger point, select PreTrigger and specify a percentage of the frame size. This has the effect of shifting the waveform to the right as pictured in the figure.

(D) Post-Trigger

Post-Trigger is the opposite of Pre-Trigger. Post-Trigger causes eZ-Analyst to wait “n%” samples before it begins filling a block of data. This has the effect of shifting the signal to the left.

(D)

Post-Trigger

Shifting a Waveform with Pre-Trigger and Post-Trigger

Note: The trigger level is an absolute signal level that must be within the FSV.

eZ-Analyst 978791 Edit Menu 4-9

Edit Menu > Configuration > Analyzer Tab: Averaging Panel

 To apply averaging to time-domain data, the Function View Window must

be changed to a Windowed “Time Function,” otherwise all averaging will

be applied to a spectral data.

 Averaging can be used to decrease the noise in a measurement.

The Averaging Panel is used to select the type of averaging that will be calculated during data acquisition.

In the figure below, the first scenario shows the pull-down menu expanded, revealing the

types of averaging that can be selected. The second scenario shows that “Exponential” has

been selected. Exponential makes use of a Weighting Factor, which is not used by the other averaging types.

Averaging Panel of Analyzer Tab (2 Views)

A brief description of averaging types and other panel terms now follows.

Linear (+): All blocks of data are treated equally in terms of their effect on the averaged result.

Exponential: Similar to linear averaging, Exponential requires a weighting factor that either increases or decreases the effect of each new data block on the resultant average.

Weighting Factor: The Weighting Factor either increases or decreases the effect of each new data block on the resultant average when Exponential Averaging is used.

New Average = ((New Data) * A.W.F.) + (Old Average * (1-A.W.F))

Peak Hold: The resultant block of data is a collection of points that represent the peak

amplitude for each point in the block. With each new block of data, the current data is compared with the new data on a point by point basis. The highest amplitude for each point in the block is retained.

Linear (-): Also known as Negative Averaging; Linear (-) Averaging is a technique used to identify the natural frequencies of in-service machines that cannot be shut down for analysis. Linear (-) Averaging is a two step process. First, a reference average is acquired. Second, a normal linear average is acquired for each frame. The running average is subtracted from the reference average and the result is displayed. The first time you attempt to start data acquisition after you select Linear (-) averaging, the Negative Averaging Setup/ Measurement window opens. An example of how to perform negative averaging follows these definitions.

4-10 Edit Menu 978791 eZ-Analyst

Reference Notes: The following sections of this document contain information that closely relates to the subject of Averaging. Reading over the following material should improve your understanding of the important concepts involved.

 Function Data Sets, page 3-12  Capturing Transient Data, page 4-8.  How to Perform Negative Averaging, 4-11.  Recording Setup, page 4-30.  Block Rejection Tab, page 4-34.  Considerations Regarding Double Hammer Rejection, page 4-35.

Time Sync: Time synchronous averaging uses a keyway, or a similar point of reference, as a trigger. The blocksize is set to allow enough time for at least one full revolution. This must be performed in Scope Mode. Channel trigger mode should be used in conjunction with this selection.

Number of Averages: This number specifies the condition for terminating a data acquisition sample. After the number of averages (blocks/frames of data) have been captured and averaged, the eZ- Analyst will automatically stop taking new data. This sample can then be saved. If the number of averages is set to zero, acquisition is continuous and must be halted by the user.

Continuous Measurement: Checking this option restarts the averaging process without user intervention. Note that the data itself is not continuous between measurements. This option is not meaningful for non-averaging operations.

Save after Averaging: When this option and continuous measurement are enabled, data will be exported to function data sets when the desired number of averages has been completed. If this option is not enabled, user has the option of manually saving an MDS file or exporting data.

How to Perform Negative Averaging

1. Perform an impact measurement, with Averaging set to “Linear +” and “Triggered

Acquisition.” Take 5 to 10 impacts on a running machine.

2. Select “Spectrum Display.” View Results.

3. Then change to “Free Run Acquisition” with Averaging set to “Linear –.”

Take 10 to 20 averages.

4. Start Scope Measurement. Select “Use Current Spectrum as Reference.”

Note that the Displayed Spectrum is a Negative Averaged Spectrum. The running Spectra is subtracted from the Impact + Running, and you are left with the Impact vibration.

In regard to the following three screen shots, the first shows the impact spectra on the non- running motor; the second shows the impact spectra on a running motor; and the third shows the Negative Average spectra. If you compare the Negative Average spectra to the nonrunning impact you will notice that the Running Speed vibration has been subtracted out, leaving Resonances.

eZ-Analyst 978791 Edit Menu 4-11

Impact Measurement on a Non-running Motor

Impact Measurement, 10 Averages on a Motor Running at 3600 RPM

4-12 Edit Menu 978791 eZ-Analyst

Negative Averaging

When using WaveBook hardware, eZ-Analyst supports up to 64 channels

of input. If your WaveBook’s hardware configuration has more than 64

channels, eZ-Analyst will display an error message and enter the Playback mode. If you wish to use Measurement mode you will have to reduce the channel count by removing expansion modules. To remove the expansion

modules you must physically disconnect them from the WaveBook system.

When using ZonicBook/618E hardware, eZ-Analyst supports up to 56 channels of input. If your ZonicBook/618E hardware configuration has more than 56 channels, eZ-Analyst will display an error message and enter the Playback mode. If you wish to run in the Measurement mode you will have to reduce the channel count by removing expansion modules by physically disconnecting them from the ZonicBook/618E system.

Edit Menu > Configuration > Input Channels Tab

The Input Channels tab displays the current setup conditions of the 8 Analog Input Channels (CH1 through CH8) and the 4 Tachometer Channels (T1, T2, T3, and T4) on a channel-bychannel basis. It also provides a means of changing the input channel settings. These changes are accepted as soon as the <Apply> or <OK> button is clicked.

Note: Output channel configuration is discussed on page 4-13.

eZ-Analyst 978791 Edit Menu 4-13

Configuring Analog Input Channels

Input Channels Tab

No.

This column lists the available analog input channels; for example, channels 1 through 8.

Active

Initially all input channels are active. To set unused channels to OFF, remove the check from the associated “Active” checkbox.

Label

This should be a meaningful name. Highlight a cell before typing a label. When you press the <Enter> key, the <Apply> button, or the <OK> button the label is accepted.

Ref / Resp

There are two types of channels, Reference and Response. All channels are initialized as Response channels. If you are using a force channel, then (1)

highlight that channel’s Response/Reference cell, and (2) select Reference on the

resulting popup menu.

Full-Scale Voltage. The cells in this column are used to set the full-scale voltage value in Volts.

IEPE

(Integral Electronics Piezoelectric)

The Institute of Environmental Science and Technology adopted the term IEPE (Integral Electronics Piezoelectric) to identify what had been commonly referred to as ICP® (Integrated Circuit Piezoelectric). The two terms are synonymous; however, ICP is registered by PCB Pizeotronics.

IEPE supportive analog channels have a 4mA bias current available for continuous use by signal input transducers. Channels 1 through 8 on ZonicBook/618 and channels 1 through 4 on IOtech 600 Series devices all support IEPE. The WBK18 is an example of an expansion module that can accept IEPE transducers.

Note: On 650 Series devices, analog input channel 5 has no IEPE support.

On 640 and 650 devices, only channels 1 through 4 have IEPE.

The bias current is sourced through the center conductor of the input channel BNC connector and returns to the acquisition device [e.g., ZonicBook/618E, 640, 650, or WBK18] via the BNC’s outer conductor. The current source features an operating compliance of 24V and is protected in regard to both short-circuit and overvoltage. Operating compliance refers to the highest voltage that can be applied without change of the current source value. In the absence of a transducer, the current source will output an open circuit voltage of 30V. For applications that do not require bias, the current source can be disconnected from the input by un-checking IEPE in the Input Channels tab on a per-channel basis.

Analog Input Channels (CH1 – CH8)

Tachometer Channels (T1 – T4)

4-14 Edit Menu 978791 eZ-Analyst

When the IEPE cell is checked for a channel, the current source is enabled, and the input voltage is continuously monitored with level detection circuitry. Recognition of a voltage greater than 25V (transducer open) or less than 1V (transducer short) triggers a transducer fault condition for the affected channel. This error is communicated to the user via a front panel LED and is also available through a software status request at the end of an acquisition. When recognized, an error is latched until the commencement of a new acquisition. Consequently, even intermittent faults are detected and communicated. Detection of a fault does not, however, alter the acquisition process or its data.

When the IEPE function is not available to a channel a dash appears in the IEPE column for the associated channel.

TEDS Info

When IEPE is selected you have the option to use TEDS. You can then hold down the <Ctrl> key and click the mouse button to bring up TEDS information as indicated in the following screen image.

Example of TEDS Information

Note: the Preferences Tab contains a checkbox with the associated text:

“Check for TEDS sensors on Dynamic Input Channels.”

If checked, every time eZ-Analyst is started, every channel [on each connected WBK18 or ZonicBook main channel] is scanned for the presence of a TEDS compliant accelerometer. This scanning adds time to the eZ-Analyst startup. See Tip.

TIP: If your acquisition system doesn't have [or is not making use of] TEDS accelerometers, then leave the associated checkbox in the Preferences Tab

“unchecked.” This will allow for a faster startup of eZ-Analyst.

Coupling

AC or DC coupling can be set on an individual channel basis from the Input Channels tab. Coupling is available for analog channels (CH1 through CH8) and for compatible expansion channels [e.g., from a WBK18]. AC Coupling can be set to a high pass filter value of 0.1 Hz or 1 Hz. The value is selected in the Edit Menu’s Analyzer Tab (see page 4-4). Note that when DC Coupling is selected the high pass filter is bypassed.

When the Coupling function is not available to a channel, or not used by a channel, a dash appears in that channel’s Coupling column.

eZ-Analyst 978791 Edit Menu 4-15

Pct OvrRng

EU Mode

The percent of Full-Scale Voltage (FS) that should be recorded as overrange. When set to a value of 0, the overrange feature is disabled.

E(ngineering) U(nits): Select EU or Volt.

dB EU Ref: is applied to displayed data when the Y-axis scale is set to dB.

This is valid only for frequency domain data.

Note: Data exported from eZ-Analyst is always scaled to Engineering Units.

This is regardless as to whether EU or V is selected.

mV/EU

sets the scaling factor of millivolts to Engineering Units.

EU Offset

sets the offset factor that is to be applied to the Engineering Units.

Units

Enter the measurement units you will be using.

Location

This is a simple numbering system. The channel number is the default value for location. However, you can highlight a cell and type a different location number. When you press the Enter key, the value is accepted.

Coord

This is the axial direction of the transducer connected to the channel. Make your selection on the popup menu that appears after clicking in the applicable cell.

Input Type

This is the type of instrument attached to the channel. Menu selections include: Acceleration, Velocity, Displacement, Force, Pressure, Stress, Strain, General, and Tach (Tachometer).

Input Type refers to the Analog Input channel type for CH1 through CH8.

Note: Tachometer properties for the eight Analog Input

channels (CH1 through CH8) are set in the FFT Setup tab. Refer to that section of the document for additional information.

ZonicBook/618E users - do not confuse an analog input channel (CH1

through CH8) with a TACH Channel input (T1, T2, T3, or T4). The later is discussed in the following section.

Default Tach

If “Default Tach” is selected from the tach channel combo-box [next to the Order Track button] on the toolbar (see following figure), then the tach channel shown in this column is the one that will be used for the associated analog input channel, when calculating orders.

4-16 Edit Menu 978791 eZ-Analyst

Configuring Tach Channels (T1, T2, T3, and T4)

Tachometer Section of the Input Channels Tab, 1st 9 Columns

No.

This column lists the available Tach channels, e.g., T1, T2. Do not confuse these channels with analog input channels which can also be used for tachometer input.

Active

Available Tach channels are initially active. To set unused channels to OFF, remove the check from the associated “Active” checkbox.

Label

This should be a meaningful name. Highlight a cell before typing a label. When you press the <Enter> key, the <Apply> button, or the <OK> button the label is accepted.

Ref / Resp

There are two types of channels, Reference and Response. All channels are initialized as Response channels. If you are using a force channel, then (1) highlight that channel’s Response/Reference cell, and (2) select Reference on the resulting popup menu.

Coupling

Used to select AC or DC Coupling. For tachometer applications AC Coupling is almost always preferred. DC Coupling is available to allow viewing of the DC signal, but is of no practical use to tachometer related triggers.

Tach Mode

Used to select one of three available modes: Voltage, Counter, or Period.

Pulse / Rev

Displays the number of pulses per revolution.

Trig Level

Specifies the pulse level that the RPM algorithm considers valid.

Trig Slope

Specifies whether counting is Positive or Negative. Positive means that the trigger will be active on rising signal levels. Negative means that the trigger will be active on falling signal levels.

RPM Multiplier

This column is used for entering a value to convert RPM into other units, e.g., Miles per Hour, Revolutions Per Second, or HZ. The desired conversion factor is entered as a multiplier. To divide, enter an appropriate decimal. For example, divide by 2 you would enter a value of 0.5.

eZ-Analyst 978791 Edit Menu 4-17

Tachometer Section of the Input Channels Tab, 2nd 5 Columns

Edge Detect

Edge Detect – Edge Detect is short for “Tach Pulse Edge Detection.” The

term pertains to detecting the rising or falling edge of a tachometer pulse using either an “Immediate” or “Delayed” mode.

Immediate Edge Detection (“Before Stable”) – “Immediate” is one of two

Edge Detect modes. The term is synonymous with “Before Stable.” If “Immediate” edge detection is selected a tach pulse will be recognized on any

instantaneous measurement that meets the trigger level criteria. In this setup

the “Delay Value” is the amount of time before the next tach pulse can be

recognized.

Delayed Edge Detection (“After Stable”) – “Delayed” is one of two Edge

Detect modes. The term is synonymous with “After Stable.” If “Delayed” edge detection is selected a tach pulse will be recognized when the measurement

meets the trigger criteria for the specified duration. In this setup the “Delay Value” defines the length of time that the trigger criteria must be stable before

the tach pulse will be recognized. If a keyway is being used as a tach trigger you must calculate the minimum pulse width, based on the maximum RPM rate expected.

Delay Time

One of several time settings between 500 ns and 25.5 ms. The delay time is used in conjunction with edge detect and is used to optimize noise rejection.

Default Tach

If “Default Tach” is selected from the tach channel combo-box [next to the Order Track button] on the toolbar (following figure), then the tach channel shown in this column is the one that will be used when calculating orders.

Max RPM

and

Max Orders

Max RPM and Max Orders are used to limit the X axes scale range when calculating an Order Tracking display in the main function view window. Max RPM and Max Orders represent the practical limits of the Order Track display that are constrained by the settings of Analysis frequency, Spectral lines, and the Nyquist Factor. These two values interact. Changing one will cause the other to

change.

4-18 Edit Menu 978791 eZ-Analyst

To make an optimal noise rejection setting in software . . .

Do not set the debounce value to higher than one-half of the minimum tach pulse period. The minimum tach pulse period is that which exists during the highest RPM.

1. Setup the input for Voltage Mode (Select AC or DC Coupling).

2. Take a measurement.

3. View the Tach Signal on a TimeWaveform plot.

4. Set the Trigger Slope [Trig Slope] to Positive (POS) or Negative (NEG).

5. Set the Trigger Level [Trig Level] to a value between 50 and 75 % of the maximum excursion.

6. Set Edge Detect to “Immediate” or “Delayed.” An illustrated example making use of a

500 ns delay follows shortly. You may need to experiment with Edge Detect settings to determine whether “Immediate” or

“Delayed” works best for your application. Optimum settings will vary, depending upon the noise

present on the Tach input.

7. Set the Delay Time to a pre-set value between 500 ns and 25.5 ms. To have no delay time select

“none.”

The debounce time should initially be set as low as possible, i.e., to 500 ns or to “none.”

If the velocity readings are jumping around, that is, they are either too high [as if there was an extra tach pulse] or too low [as if there was a missing pulse] increase the debounce value to higher than 500 ns. Some experimentation is to be expected.

Increasing the debounce value too high will reject the tachometer pulse altogether, particularly at high RPM.

eZ-Analyst 978791 Edit Menu 4-19

The following diagrams show typical tach pulses and appropriate comparator threshold trigger settings.

Typical Tach Pulses and Appropriate Threshold Settings

4-20 Edit Menu 978791 eZ-Analyst

Synopsis of Tach Modes

If tachometer triggers will occur at a rate greater than or equal to the “scan rate divided by 10” then the Period Mode must be used.

Counter Mode

Counter Mode generates a Pulse of Amplitude “+1” for

each tach trigger. The counter mode can be used when the number of pulses is less than the scan rate divided by ten (< scan rate / 10).

Once you have established the phase relationship of a machine running near optimum, the observance of phase shifts can be used to signal the development of a mechanical problem.

Use Counter Mode when Pulses per Revolution are needed.

Counter Mode can be used for phase

shift observance.

Period Mode

The period is the time from the rising edge of one pulse to the rising edge of the next pulse, or the time from the falling edge of one pulse to the falling edge of the next pulse.

The Period Mode is used for Tachometer inputs which exhibit multiple pulses per revolution. The mode provides accurate overall RPM without sacrificing scan rate. Phase measurements are not possible when using period mode.

Note: 60 seconds divided by the period [in seconds]

equals RPM.

Use Period Mode when multiple pulses are involved, such as from gear teeth.

Period Mode cannot be used for

phase shift observance.

Voltage Mode

Voltage Mode is used for Tachometer inputs to view actual input voltages from the Tach Sensor. Voltage mode is useful for locating an ideal Tach Trigger Voltage setting. An ideal trigger voltage is one that is in a clean region of a leading edge. Note that Voltage Mode cannot be used for Phase measurements between Analog Inputs and Tachometer Inputs.

If you connect a tachometer sensor to one of the 8 Analog Signal Input channels (CH1 through CH8) instead of a TACH channel, then the tachometer signal will only be accepted in the Voltage Mode.

Use Voltage Mode when you need to determine a trigger voltage.

When you connect a tach sensor to a tachometer designated connector, such as the ZonicBook/618E’s TACH BNCs (T1, T2, T3, or T4) you can select one of the following three modes: Counter, Period, or Voltage. If you connect a tachometer sensor to a direct Analog Signal Input channel (CH1 through CH8) then the tachometer signal will only be accepted in the Voltage Mode.

eZ-Analyst 978791 Edit Menu 4-21

FFT Window Functions, Response Channels Pull-down List

None:

No weighting window is applied.

Hanning:

The Hanning window is typically used to analyze continuous signals. It offers a reasonable trade-off of frequency accuracy versus amplitude accuracy.

FlatTop:

Compared to the very similar 4-term “Max Flat Top,” this window also has a very low peak amplitude error, and its frequency resolution is somewhat better. Its side lobes are considerably higher. Its effective noise bandwidth is still almost twice that of the Hanning window, therefore this window is used mainly to measure accurate peak amplitudes of discrete spectral components that are known to be separated by several spectral lines.

Edit Menu > Configuration > FFT Setup Tab

FFT Setup Tab

Edit Menu > Configuration > FFT Setup Tab: FFT Window Functions / Response Channels

The FFT (Response) window is a time-domain, weighting window. A response window is usually applied to data to reduce FFT leakage errors. FFT theory assumes that the signal being analyzed is periodic in the data acquisition block. When this is not the case, energy from a signal at a specified frequency can leak into nearby spectral bins causing spectral amplitude inaccuracies. Applying a windowing function controls, but doesn’t completely eliminate, the error by multiplying each data frame by a suitable time-domain weighting window. This calculation reduces the amplitude/magnitude of the data near the ends of each data frame prior to performing the FFT and forces the data to be nearly periodic in the window, thus reducing leakage errors. Response window options are as follows:

4-22 Edit Menu 978791 eZ-Analyst

BlackmanHarris:

This window function was designed to provide the minimum side lobe level of any three-term window. Compared with the very similar Hanning window, it has a slightly wider main lobe but much better dynamic range. This window has the smallest 60 dB bandwidth of any window listed. The Blackman-Harris window may be preferred over the Hanning for measurements requiring better dynamic range.

Exponential:

An exponential weighting window is equal to 1.0 at the beginning of the block and decays exponentially to a smaller value at the end of the block. Exponential is used only with transient data that is captured with pre-trigger to assure that the initial values in all data channels are very close to zero. Exponential can be used with all transient excitation methods in order to force the signals to decay close to zero, (See Response Decay Percent,) even if the block length is not sufficient to capture all of the naturally occurring response. If the data decays naturally to a low amplitude within the block, so that leakage is not significant, exponential windowing can improve the signal-tonoise ratio by giving reduced weight to the very low-amplitude data at the end of the block.

Decay % :

Decay Percent is used when an Exponential Window is applied to the Response Channel. It is the weighting factor present at the last block value. For example, a decay of 5% means that the weighting factor at the beginning of block is 100% and that the weighting factor of the last block is 5%. In other words, the weighting factor dropped (decayed) to 5% through the length of block.

Start (%):

The percent of the Frame Period at which the Rectangular and Cosine Taper Windowing functions start.

Stop (%):

The percent of the Frame Period at which the Rectangular and Cosine Taper Windowing functions stop.

Edge (%):

This is the percent of the Frame Period during which the Cosine Taper Windowing function tapers up and down.

Edit Menu > Configuration > FFT Setup Tab: FFT Window Functions / Reference Channels

The FFT Reference Window is applied to the output of a transducer to avoid collecting extraneous signals caused by an excitation device, such as an impulse hammer. Possible selections are: Response, Rectangular, and Cosine Taper.

When Rectangular is selected, specify the Start(%) and End(%) of the rectangle as a percentage of the Frame Period.

When Cosine Taper is selected, specify the Start(%), End(%), and Edge(%) the Cosine Taper as a percentage of the Frame Period.

FFT Window Functions, Reference Channels Pull-Down List

eZ-Analyst 978791 Edit Menu 4-23

Edit Menu > Configuration > FFT Setup Tab: Integration Panel / Unit Conversion

Integration Panel – 2 Views

The left-hand view is with the scrollbar up, the right-hand view is with the scrollbar down.

Integration:

Provides the means to select integration, for example, g’s-ips-mils or g’s-ips-in. Several other possibilities exist, as can be seen in the above images of the Integration Panel.

FFT Integration Panel

HPF Int1 (Hz):

Enter a value for the cutoff amount for the first integration.

HPF Int2 (Hz):

Enter a value for the cutoff amount for the second integration.

Edit Menu > Configuration > FFT Setup Tab: Integration Panel / HPF Int1 & Int2

The High Pass Filter Integration 1 (HPF Int1) and Integration 2 (HPF Int2) are used to remove the low frequency effects of integration. All data points that exist below the specified value

are set to zero. When “Hz” is selected for the Acquisition Analysis Frequency via radio button on the Analyzer Tab, “Hz” is seen as the units, when “CPM” is selected for the Acquisition Analysis Frequency via radio button on the Analyzer Tab, “CPM” appears as the HPF units.

4-24 Edit Menu 978791 eZ-Analyst

Edit Menu > Configuration > FFT Setup Tab: Tach Setup – Analog Channels

Do not confuse the Tach Setup of Analog Channels (CH1 through CH8) with Tach Channels T1, T2, T3, and T4. The later are configured from the Input Channels Tab.

Reference Note: For information pertaining to tachometer inputs

T1, T2, T3, and T4, refer to the Input Channels Tab section of this chapter.

The “Input Type” for Analog Input channels (CH1 through CH8) can be set to “Tach” from the Input Channels Tab via the “Input Type” column. Once the

analog channels have been selected for Tach further configuration must be made from the FFT Tab (following figure).

Analog Channels (CH1 through CH8) can be set to have an input type of “Tach” from the Input Channels Tab, as indicated in the right-hand figure above.

Tach Setup for Analog Channels is performed within the FFT Tab

eZ-Analyst 978791 Edit Menu 4-25

Tach Setup – Analog Channels Section of FFT Tab

Properties for Analog Channels (CH1 through CH8) when set to “Tach” for Input Type

Pulse/Rev

Displays the number of pulses per revolution.

Trig Level

(Trigger Level)

Specifies the pulse level that the RPM algorithm considers valid.

Trig Slope

(Trigger Slope)

Specifies whether counting is Positive or Negative. Positive means that the trigger will be active on rising signal levels. Negative means that the trigger will be active on falling signal levels.

RPM Multiplier

Used to enter an RPM multiplier value. This is useful if your tachometer is measuring an RPM that is proportional to another value of interest, such as in a

gear train. For example, you want to see the RPM for shaft “X” which is known to

turn at 2.5 times the RPM of gear “Z;” but it is impractical for a tachometer to measure the RPM of the shaft by any direct means. In this case, we would enter a multiplier of 2.5 for the gear’s RPM to obtain the shaft’s RPM.

Max RPM and Max Orders

Used for analog input channels that have been configured as tach channels. Max RPM and Max Orders are used to limit the X axes scale range when calculating an Order Tracking display in the main function view window. Max RPM and Max Orders represent the practical limits of the Order Track display that are constrained by the settings of Analyses frequency, Spectral lines, and the Nyquist Factor. These two values interact. Changing one will cause the other to change.

4-26 Edit Menu 978791 eZ-Analyst

Edit Menu > Configuration > FFT Setup Tab: Bank Control (Modal Locations) Panel

Bank Control (Modal Locations)Panel

Note: This option is only effective when the averaging mode is used.

Auto Bank Increase with Automatic Saving Data:

A Bank is a set of response channels. You can have eZ-Analyst increment the banks automatically after each measurement, or you can manually increment the banks. The number of active channels is used as the skip factor for bank switching.

If the Auto Bank Increase checkbox is checked, then the bank is automatically incremented, but only when the automatic saving data option is selected at Setup Export Function Data menu.

Response Increase:

If the Response Increase radio-button is selected, the reference channel’s location doesn’t change. The response’s location(s) are increased [or decreased] for next available location numbers.

Reference Increase:

If the Reference Increase radio-button is selected, the response

channel’s location doesn’t change. The reference’s location(s) are

increased [or decreased] for next available location numbers.

Location Increment:

Indicates the number by which eZ-Analyst is to increment the response or reference location after each measurement.

This panel relates to the Modal Locations window, which is accessed from eZ-Analyst Window’s pull-down menu. The Bank Control (Modal Locations) Control Panel contains one check box, two radio buttons, and a location increment field. Descriptions of each follow.

Note: Decreasing location numbers are only available with the manual bank <Down>

button on the Modal Locations window. Modal Locations is accessed from the Windows pull-down menu.

A Note About Channel Pairs

A Channel Pair is a Reference channel and a Response channel that are used to display a dualchannel function, such as an FRF (Frequency Response Function). Channel Pairs are automatically defined when a user selects "Reference" channel type for an input channel. For example, if Channels 1 and 2 were defined as reference channels, then all response channels would paired to those channels. Thus,

1,1 2,1 3,1 4,1 5,1 6,1 7,1 8,1 and 1,2 2,2 3,2 4,2 5,2 6,2 7,2 8,2

To export all of the data for the Channel Pairs, select the “All Ch. Pairs” radio button in the

Export Function Data window (see chapter 3 for window details).

eZ-Analyst 978791 Edit Menu 4-27

dB Voltage Reference Panel

Reference Note: The dB EU Reference Volt column is located in the Input Channels Tab.

Edit Menu > Configuration > FFT Setup Tab: Low Frequency Cutoff

Low Frequency Cutoff Panel

The Low Frequency Cutoff panel can be used to change frequency-based displays.

Example: If you wanted to remove frequencies below 10 Hz, you would enter "10" in the numeric field. In the Function View display window, all frequencies below 10 Hz would be set to a value of zero.

Entering a value of "0" in the numeric field disables Low Frequency Cutoff. This means all frequencies will be displayed.

Edit Menu > Configuration > FFT Setup Tab: dB Voltage Reference Panel

dB Voltage Reference is only valid for frequency domain data. The reference is applied to all channels of displayed data when the Y-axis scale is set to dB and EU/Volt mode set to Volt. The panel [following figure] is designed such that a specified voltage can be assigned to a specified dB value.

4-28 Edit Menu 978791 eZ-Analyst

eZ-Analyst 978791 Edit Menu 4-29

Recording Setup Tab

Amplitude-Based

Data Types

Peak Time >= Peak Time <

Spectrum >= Spectrum <

at specified frequency

Edit Menu > Configuration > Recording Setup Tab

Edit Menu > Configuration > Recording Setup Tab: Start Recording Panel

Provide a means of setting the following parameters that pertain directly to the start condition.

Note that the Start Recording panel is not available for WaveBook applications.

PreAcq-Trigger – select this function to include [with the recording] data that precedes the trigger event by the set number of seconds.

PostAcq-Trigger – select this function to exclude [from the recording] data that follows the

trigger event by the set number of seconds.

Note: You can not set a Start Delay for the start recording if PreAcq-Trigger is selected,

and visa versa.

Enable Start Trigger – if the checkbox is checked, amplitude-based data can be set as a PreAcq-Trigger condition to Start Recording. The following options are provided.

4-30 Edit Menu 978791 eZ-Analyst

Understanding Total Measured Data

In this figure, the Start Recording panel’s PreAcq-Trigger data and the Stop Recording Panel’s

Trigger Delay data are both saved as part of the total measured data.

There is a 2 gigabyte file size limitation that needs to be considered when specifying the recording duration [for a given channel number and associated analysis frequency].

Amplitude-Based

Data Types

Peak Time >= Peak Time <

Spectrum >= Spectrum <

at specified frequency

Maximum Duration Limit Terminating a Measurement

Edit Menu > Configuration > Recording Setup Tab: Stop Recording Panel

Provide a means of setting the following parameters that pertain directly to stop recording:

Recording Duration sets a “time-out” which the recording event is not to exceed. If an acquisition has been triggered, the measurement will run until either (a) the amplitude-based Enable Stop Trigger Condition is met, or (b) the Recording Duration is met, whichever occurs first. When the Recording Duration value is met, the recording event is aborted.

Enable Stop Trigger – if the checkbox is checked, amplitude-based data can be set as a stop condition for the recording. The following options are provided.

Delay (sec) – this function is used to include [with the recording] data that follows the stop

trigger event by the set number of seconds, as specified by the delay.

eZ-Analyst 978791 Edit Menu 4-31

Understanding Total Measured Data

In this figure, the Start Recording’s PreAcq-Trigger data and the Stop Recording’s Delay data

are both saved as part of the total measured data.

When using Scheduled Recording, you need to set up the recording options

for automatic file creation. This is done in the Recording Setup Tab’s “File Name Options” panel, discussed below.

Edit Menu > Configuration > Recording Setup Tab: Scheduled Recording Panel

The Scheduled Recording panel includes a checkbox to enable the “scheduled recording” function. It also includes three text fields (see following figure). The panel provides a means of setting time conditions for starting and stopping a recording. dT is the delay time in seconds.

Scheduled Recording Panel

Edit Menu > Configuration > Recording Setup Tab: File Name Options

File Name Options Panel

When using the Scheduled Recording feature the following steps should be taken to ensure that each file will be automatically named by the program.

From the File Name Options panel, at the upper left of the Recording Setup Tab, verify that the following is true. Make changes if needed.

File Name Prompt – Not Checked Measurement Prompt – Not Checked Auto Increase – Checked Date/Time – Select the “Date/Time” radio-button if you want the Filenames to

automatically increase by a Date/Time convention, otherwise select “Number.”

Number – Select the “Number” radio-button if you want the Filenames to

automatically increase by a numerical sequence (1, 2, 3, ….N) convention, otherwise select “Date/Time.”

4-32 Edit Menu 978791 eZ-Analyst

An Example of Filename Auto-Incrementing by Number

Edit Menu > Configuration > Recording Setup Tab: Comments Panel

The comments panel can be used to enter a variety of information regarding the recording. For example, you may want to include the environmental conditions that existed at the time of the recording, the phase of the project, or a problem that is being investigated. Note that the comments are saved as part of the data file.

eZ-Analyst 978791 Edit Menu 4-33

Double Hammer:

A double hammer occurs when a signal goes outside of the acceptable range that is set up in the Hammer Rejection section. Click in the Double Hammer box to turn the Double Hammer option ON and OFF. When the box is checked, the option is ON.

Overload:

An overload is any input signal that reaches or exceeds the specified input Full Scale range. Click in the Overload box to turn the Overload Rejection option ON and OFF. When the box is checked, the option is ON.

Manual:

This option allows you to review each block of data before acquiring the next block. When manual rejection is selected, a <Reject?> button is activated in the main window. At the end of each average, if you want to reject that measurement, click on the <Reject?> button. eZ-Analyst will then reject the current frame of data. The data and average counter will go back to the previous measurement. Click in the Manual box to turn the Manual option ON or OFF. When the box is checked, the option is ON.

Block Rejection is used in conjunction with Capturing Transient Data (Input Channel triggering) and Averaging. These topics are discussed on pages 4-8 and 4-10, respectively.

Edit Menu > Configuration > Block Rejection Tab

The Block Rejection Tab exists to allow the software (or user) to reject blocks of data that

result from hammer double strikes, overloads, or simply because the data block “doesn’t look right.” There are three block rejection modes: Double Hammer protects measurements

against double hammering. Overload protects the measurement by automatically rejecting overloaded data, and Manual allows you to inspect a measurement and optionally reject it. You can select any or all of the rejection modes. Also see: Considerations Regarding Double Hammer Rejection, page 4-35.

Note: The Block Rejection panel is only active when in “Measurement Mode.”

When in “Playback” mode the panel fields will be grayed-out.

Block Rejection Tab

Block rejection looks at the acceptable parameters for a block, and rejects blocks that do not meet those parameters.

4-34 Edit Menu 978791 eZ-Analyst

Edit Menu > Configuration > Block Rejection Tab: Hammer Rejection Panel

Selecting a Rectangular Force

Window and Setting Points

for 9% and 15%

Selected and set in the FFT Setup Tab.

A Double Hammer Event

This panel is used to define the acceptable range for a hammer signal. Any signal outside of the defined range is detected as a double hammer. The acceptable range will appear as a rectangle whose boundaries are defined by high and low limits for the blocksize, and by high and low limits for scale. Respectively, these are x- and y- axis limits.

X-axis Limits (% of blocksize): Used to set a Low point and a High point along the x-axis, for which the hammer impact must occur to be acceptable. An example setting is 5% to 15% (of blocksize).

Y-axis Limits (% of F(ull) S(cale): Used to set a Low point and a High point along the yaxis, for which the hammer impact must occur to be acceptable. An example is –5.000 to + 5.000 (% of Full Scale).

Considerations Regarding Double Hammer Rejection

There are three major interrelated components to consider when setting up a double-hammer rejection condition. These are:

Trigger Mode and Delay Force Window Double Hammer Region

A trigger is used to ensure time synchronous measurements across all the active channels.

As indicated in the Trigger Panel section of this document (beginning on page 4-5), a pre- trigger indicates that data captured before a trigger event [the amount of which is specified by the delay] will be prefixed to the data following the trigger event. Also, a trigger delay [in reference to the Start Trigger Condition] indicates that a specified amount of data after the start trigger [the amount of which is specified by the delay] will be skipped (ignored) before a block of data is captured.

Double hammer reject is only meaningful with the pre-trigger specified. Double

hammer rejection protects the measurement from a bad hammering.

It is desirable to set the pre-trigger to fall within the hammer region, since it is a common practice to set the trigger channel to an impact channel.

Example

In this example, a test engineer is looking for a trigger event that occurs somewhere after 10% of the data block, but before 15% of the block. Therefore:

(1) Pre-Trigger is set for 10% Delay, using the Trigger Panel (on the Analyzer Tab). (2) A Rectangular Force Window is selected and set for a Start point of 9% and a Stop

point of 15%. This is done in the FFT Setup Tab’s FFT Window Functions Panel. Page 4-23 contains additional information.

When impact testing we want to make sure that a double hammer does not occur. Through

eZ-Analyst 978791 Edit Menu 4-35

trial and error we may start by setting the Double Hammer range at 12% and 14%, or 11% and 13% of the block. Typically this range is fine tuned using sample acquisitions prior to starting a real test.

Edit Menu > Configuration > Octave Setup Tab

Octave Setup Tab

Single Band:

Single Band is the conventional mode, and as the name suggests, is used for single band processing. When Single Band is selected, lower and upper limits can be set for the High Band Range only.

Dual Band (Buffered Measurement):

Dual Band, also referred to as “buffered measurement,” is provided for octave band processing such that spectral lines [at settings of 6400 and smaller] can cover a larger frequency range. The Dual Band mode uses buffer memory when processing the lower frequency range.

Dual band uses 32 block sizes. This makes it possible for eZAnalyst to simultaneously process 32 “time segments” in the lower frequency range, as indicated in the following figure.

1 Block Processed for High Band

32 Blocks Processed for Low Band

Edit Menu > Configuration > Octave Setup Tab: Processing Mode Panel

4-36 Edit Menu 978791 eZ-Analyst

When eZ-Analyst was set with a limit of 6400 spectral lines, dual band processing offered the following

A wider range of octave band data

with no increase in block size.

A much wider range of data, in

comparison to the data from the Single Band mode.

The use of buffered data means that

High Band and Low Band data can be captured simultaneously.

When compared to Single Band, the

Dual Band processing mode produces more stable, precise data, at a lower range of frequency.

eZ-Analyst versions 5 and higher have a spectral line limit of 25600. This larger number of spectral lines allows coverage of the same frequency range using single band mode.

Beginning with eZ-Analyst version 5.1.45, the selection for dual band octave is grayed-out. This is because single band mode should be used with the larger number of spectral lines.

If you have configurations that use the dual band octave feature, then eZ-Analyst versions 5.1.45 and higher will continue to load and run those configurations until

you re-save the configuration in single band mode.

Weighting:

Used to select no filter or one of three to obtain a dB to frequency contour that approximates that of the human ear. The contours (A, B, and C) match human hearing at different sound intensities.

A Weighting: filters out more bass than do the B and C weights. The A weight is used to eliminate inaudible sounds that occur at low frequencies.

B Weighting: used to approximate the ear for medium loud sounds.

C Weighting: used to approximate the ear at very high sound levels.

Filter:

Provides the means to select Analog Filter or Digital Filter.

Line:

Selecting “Line” sets the Octave Plot to appear in line format.

Solid:

Selecting “Solid” sets the Octave Plot to appear filled-in solid, as opposed to a line plot.

When you want to move cursors on octave plots it is best to use the mouse and drag-and-drop action, instead of using the frame annotation method.

benefits:

Edit Menu > Configuration > Octave Setup Tab: Filter Panel

Edit Menu > Configuration > Octave Setup Tab: Bar Type Panel

eZ-Analyst 978791 Edit Menu 4-37

Edit Menu > Configuration > Preferences Tab

TIP: If your acquisition system doesn't have [or is not making use of] TEDS accelerometers, then

leave the associated checkbox in the Preferences Tab “unchecked.” This will allow for a faster

startup of eZ-Analyst.

TEDS Info

When IEPE is selected in the Edit Menu’s “Input Channels” tab you have the option to use TEDS. You can then hold down the <Ctrl> key and click the mouse button to bring up TEDS information as indicated in the following screen image.

Example of TEDS Information

The Preferences tab includes two panels: (a) T.E.D.S and (b) Measurement Mode.

T.E.D.S. Panel

If the TEDS checkbox is checked: every time eZ-Analyst is started, every channel [on each connected WBK18 or ZonicBook main channel] will be scanned for the presence of a TEDS compliant accelerometer. Note that this “TEDS scanning” adds time to the eZ-Analyst startup. See the following tip.

Edit > Configuration > Preferences Tab – T.E.D.S. Panel

T.E.D.S. Panel

4-38 Edit Menu 978791 eZ-Analyst

Measurement Mode Panel

This feature, when enabled (checked) reduces the chances of accidentally overwriting your existing Hardware and Configuration Setup file.

Edit > Configuration > Preferences Tab – Measurement Mode Panel

Measurement Mode Panel

In eZ-Analyst the same Hardware and Configuration Setups [that are used to Record data to disk in Measurement Mode] are also later used to read and analyze recorded data in Playback Mode.

After data has been recorded to disk, subsequent critical Configuration changes (such as changing the number or selection of enabled channels, or changing the Analyzer analysis frequency or nyquist settings), if saved to disk, would prevent eZ-Analyst from correctly interpreting data that was previously recorded using that Setup. Reversing the changes made to the Hardware Setup could restore the ability to view the previously recorded data, but only if ALL of the changes were returned to their original settings.

The Measurement Mode preferences checkbox helps reduce the chance of accidentally overwriting your existing Hardware and Configuration Setup file. The checkbox setting determines whether or not you will be prompted to save-to-disk the current Measurement Mode Setup when the program is either (a) closed while in Measurement Mode, or (b) the selection is made to switch from Measurement to Playback Mode.

Unchecked - If the checkbox is unchecked, you will not be asked to save the Hardware Setup, nor will the Measurement Mode Hardware Setup (along with any changes made to it) be saved to disk when the program is closed, or the mode switch is made. If you are switching from Measurement to Playback Mode, the Configuration Setup is restored by reading the Setup from the disk.

Checked - If the checkbox is checked, and the program is either closed while in Measurement Mode, or the selection is made to switch from Measurement to Playback Mode, you will be asked if you want to save the Measurement Mode Hardware and Configuration Setup to disk.

You can respond to the prompt by clicking: Yes, No, or Cancel, with the following results:

o Yes - displays the Save Analyzer Setup File dialog, allowing you to select an existing setup file

to overwrite, or enter a new filename to create a copy of the existing configuration.

o No - accepts the current action without saving the Hardware and Configuration Setup to disk. o Cancel - aborts the switching of Mode or the program shutdown.

eZ-Analyst 978791 Edit Menu 4-39

From the Save Analyzer Setup File window, if you press Cancel, you will abort the Mode switch operation, or abort the program shutdown.

However, if you press Save, one of three things will happen:

(a) If you entered a new filename [that does not already exist] the Hardware and Configuration Setup

will be saved to disk, along with a Plot Setup file that represents the current number and layout of display windows. In addition, the switching of Modes [or program shutdown] proceeds.

(b) If you entered or selected a pre-existing filename and the Hardware and Configuration Setup file

already exists [but there is no recorded data present with the same name] you will be asked if you want to overwrite the existing Setup file.

If you choose Yes, the file will be overwritten and the shutdown [or the switching of the mode] will proceed. If you choose No, you will be returned to the Save Analyzer Setup File dialog box where you can either Cancel the operation or choose a different file name.

already exists [and there is previously recorded data file present with the same name] you will be warned. See following figure.

4-40 Edit Menu 978791 eZ-Analyst

The warning states that there is a possibility that overwriting the Configuration file may result in the

Reference Note:

The following topics are related to this material on the Measurement Mode panel.

o Task Menu > Measurement Mode > Change Task Mode o Control Menu o File Menu > Exit o File Save / Hardware Setup, Save or Recall

inability to read the previously acquired data. The warning dialog asks, “Do you want to Overwrite the existing Hardware Configuration file and possibly make the existing data unreadable?”

Yes - If you choose Yes, the file will be overwritten and the shutdown or switching of the mode will

proceed.

No - If you choose No, you will be returned to the Save Analyzer Setup File dialog box where you can

either Cancel the operation or choose a different file name.

eZ-Analyst 978791 Edit Menu 4-41

WARNING

When the Signal Generator is started [in eZ-Analyst] the device that is connected to Source Output will receive excitation and could possibly cause injury to personnel. Be aware of which device is receiving excitation and post adequate notice to keep individuals and physical objects clear of the device.

Do not confuse the Output Source [excitation source] with source level, as the latter term refers to transducer bias current.

Edit Menu > Output Channel Setup

ZonicBook/618E and WaveBook Waveform Output …… 4-42 640u and 640e Waveform Output …… 4-44

The Output Channel window can be accessed directly from the Edit pull-down menu [when in the measurement mode]. In all cases, the setup is performed on a channel-by-channel basis. Configuration changes are accepted as soon as the <Apply> or <OK> button is clicked.

ZonicBook/618E and WaveBook Waveform Output

The Source Output can be used as a test source for the input channels or as excitation for other system elements, such as the amplifier for a shaker table. All source output parameters are software controlled and the actual output signal leaves the device through a front panel BNC connector.

Note: The Control pull-down menu can be used to turn the Signal Generator “On.”

In regard to ZonicBook/618E – Source Output is supported for device and for attached WBK18 modules.

In regard to WaveBooks – Source Output is only supported when eZ-Analyst detects attached WBK14 or WBK18 expansion units.

For both the ZonicBook/618E and WaveBooks, the Output Channel (Excitation Source) can be for either a continuously running sine wave or a swept sine wave.

Output Channel Setup, WaveBook and ZonicBook/618E Applications

4-42 Edit Menu 978791 eZ-Analyst

Sine Mode (Continuous Mode)

Sine mode refers to a continuously running sine wave of the selected amplitude and frequency. To configure, select an output amplitude and a start frequency; then click <OK.> The selected output will begin and continue running until the <Stop> button is clicked or the software application is terminated. End frequency and sweep time do not apply for this mode.

Swept Sine Mode

Swept Sine mode refers to a constant amplitude sine wave that is being swept in frequency from a selected start frequency to a selected stop frequency over a selected sweep time duration. The frequency sweep characteristic can be chosen to be linear or logarithmic, and is distributed among 1280 discrete steps. The transitions between steps are continuous in phase and in amplitude.

To configure, make selections for the available parameters, and then click the <OK> button. Once a sweep is completed, the waveform returns to its start frequency and is swept again and again until stopped by the user or until the software application is terminated.

eZ-Analyst 978791 Edit Menu 4-43

640u and 640e Waveform Output

DSA640 Waveform Output Configuration Dialog Box

eZ-Analyst provides extensive Waveform Output functionality when used with an IOtech 640e or 640u Dynamic Signal Analyzer.

When connected to a Dynamic Signal Analyzer 640 Series device [DSA640] the Waveform Output menu selection changes to appear as shown in the figure at the right. Also available is a toolbar button show in the following figure. Either of these will display the Waveform Output Configuration Dialog Box.

The next figure shows the DSA640 Waveform Output Configuration dialog box with the Wave Tab selected. From this selection you can create simple waveforms of different types, with adjustable Offset, Voltage level and Duty Cycle (for Square Wave output only).

The Configuration dialog box contains three different areas. At the top is the Waveform preview window. Below and to the left is the Waveform properties area. And to the right is the Waveform Modifier area.

The Waveform Preview Window displays a REPRESENTATION of what your configured waveform will look like when you start the generator output. This window will faithfully display your configured waveform, but it does have certain restrictions. For example, a continuous wave runs until it is stopped. The preview window displays up to a maximum of 10 seconds of waveform data. Also, high frequency waveforms will display aliased, unless you zoom-in to display a smaller segment of the wave; this operation is discussed later.

The Waveform Properties area is were you can change the Type of waveform, its Signal Level, DC Offset, and for Square Waves - Duty Cycle. Changes to these controls can be made while the waveform output is running. The DSA640 Waveform Output can generate a maximum signal of 4 volts peak (8 volts pk-pk). The interaction between the Offset and Vpk Level controls will prevent combinations of settings that would exceed the 4 volt peak output level.

The Waveform Modifier area is where you can make changes that control how your configured waveform will be displayed. Most of the controls in this area are disabled when the generator output is running; with the exception of the (Burst On Time / Sweep Time) and Burst Off Time input fields. From the Waveform Modifier area you can change your waveform from a continuous wave to a burst wave, or a burst wave that repeats. You can also modify the waveform envelope so that it Ramps-Up from the quiescent output level to the selected Vpk output, level. Or Ramps-Down (decays) from Vpk to the quiescent level. You can also easily lock the Burst / Sweep Time to the Analyzer Frame Time.

4-44 Edit Menu 978791 eZ-Analyst

Ramp Up Ramp Down

Select ()

Cancel (X)

OK ()

Locking a Waveform Duration

Wave Tab

Wave Tab Selected

As seen in the preceding screen shot, several selections are available from within the Wave Tab. In the above example [on the screen image], a sine wave has been modified with a 1.0 second amplitude Ramp-Up.

To add a Waveform Ramp Up or Ramp Down to a waveform:

1) select the appropriate button [Up or Dn]

2) from the ramp window click the Select [Add Waveform Ramp Up] checkbox (or press the spacebar)

3) enter the desired ramp time value (Note - this time is included in the Burst / Sweep On Time

If Burst mode or Swept Waveform mode is selected);

4) Click the window  [OK] button to accept the change, or the X button to cancel the operation.

Note: You can use the Tab key to cycle the selection highlight through all of the controls. You can



How to modify the waveform Burst On/Sweep Time This section discusses how to modify the waveform Burst On/Sweep Time such that it will automatically track changes to the Analyzer Frame Time when either the Analysis Frequency or Spectral Line count change.

also use the Enter Key to select the  or X buttons.

Click the Lock Icon on the configuration dialog. Then check or uncheck the selection to lock waveform output to the Frame Time. When waveform output is locked, the Burst On / Sweep Time control is disabled, and the value displayed is the Frame Time.

eZ-Analyst 978791 Edit Menu 4-45

Burst Repeat Mode

With Up and Down Ramp Envelopes Applied

The above screen image shows a waveform configuration that is set to Burst Repeat mode with both an Up and Down ramp envelope applied.

The following figure shows that you can zoom into a specific segment of the waveform to display an unaliased view of the wave. To zoom into the waveform simply click and drag the mouse over the desired viewing area .

Zooming in on a Wave Segment

You can continue to zoom into the waveform to view smaller and smaller sections of the currently displayed waveform segment.

4-46 Edit Menu 978791 eZ-Analyst

In the next figure we see the popup menu used to restore the waveform display to its un-zoomed state.

Swept Wave Tab

A Popup Menu Allows you to “Un-Zoom” Back to Full-View

Simply right click on the preview window and select Un-Zoom plot to full view from the popup menu.

Swept Wave Tab

This tab allows you to create waveforms that sweep in frequency. Swept Waves have the same selections for Wave Type Offset and Vpk signal level as simple waves. Additionally a Chirp wave type is available along with selections for Start

Frequency, Stop Frequency, Sweep Function and Sweep Direction. The Waveform Modifier area

applies the same types of modifications to swept waves as it does for simple waves.

In the figure at the right we can see that eZAnalyst is being configured to generate a 3 volt peak (Vpk) swept sine wave with zero volts DC offset. The sine wave will perform a linear sweep from 10 Hz to 100 Hz over a period of 3 seconds. The output will return to zero volts for 0.5 second; then the sweep will repeat.

Swept waves can employ either a Linear or Logarithmic sweep function. They also can be swept in one of four directions: (1) Start to End frequency, (2) End to Start frequency, (3) Start to End to Start frequency, or (4) End to Start to End frequency. The Chirp wave type is a Sine wave that cannot have envelope ramps applied to it.

eZ-Analyst 978791 Edit Menu 4-47

Arbitrary Tab, no Display Selecting a File to Import

Arbitrary Tab

The Arbitrary Tab allows you to import data from a file, and have it played out through the DSA640 Analog output. This feature allows you to import data from either an eZ-Analyst raw time domain data file, or an ASCII text file that has channel data formatted in columns,

As indicated in the figure [below, left], the first time you select the Arbitrary tab, waveform properties will be empty. To import a file: (1) Press the Browse for file button; (2) select the file you want to import. The right-hand figure shows the file selection dialog box.

Raw Data (.DSC) Files

If you selected an eZ-Analyst raw data file (files in the Import dialog box with a .DSC file extension), the Configuration dialog Arbitrary Tab will appear as shown in the next figure.

Displaying a Waveform for a Raw Data File

The dialog box displays information about the contents of the selected data file. This includes the Sample Rate the data was acquired at, the Number of Samples in the file, a list of Channels in the file, and when a file is selected from the list, information about the Full Scale Range of the channel and the channel Units.

4-48 Edit Menu 978791 eZ-Analyst

Also displayed is information about the samples displayed in the preview window, and input fields where you

Delimited Start at Row Fixed Width

Delimiter Import Types Column

can change the scale and offset of the data as it will be played out of the DSA640 Analog Output.

Changing the Scale and Offset values allow you to fit a signal to the desired output amplitude. This can also

be accomplished by right clicking the mouse in the preview window, then select the “Fit Waveform to full

scale” item in the popup menu. To undo changes, you can reset the Scale and Offset values to 1 and 0, or

from the popup menu select “Reset plot Scale and Offset”.

When you Import an eZ-Analyst data file, the Output Duration Secs field in the Waveform Modifiers group is automatically set to a value equal to the number of samples in the file, divided by the sample rate. This is amount of time the waveform will be played out of the DSA640 Analog Output. In the example shown in the preceding figure, this will be 1.0000 second. If you want, you can change this value to play out the waveform over a different length of time. You can also choose to play out the waveform as a repeated burst by Checking the Repeat Output and specifying an Off Time value.

ASCII (.TXT) Files

When the opened file has a .TXT file extension, you will be presented with another dialog box. This is where you tell eZ-Analyst how to interpret the data in the ASCII file. The next figure shows the first step needed for importing an ASCII file.

Text Import Wizard – Step 1 of 2

The first step to importing data from an ASCII file is to indicate if the channels are formatted in (a) fixed width columns padded with spaces, or (b) character delimited columns. This is done via the “Digital data type” radio button. The above figure shows delimited columns. After clicking the radio button, select the first row of text that has valid channel data. This allows you to skip over text rows that contain non-data content [such as channel headers and acquisition information]. You can enter the zero based row number directly into the entry box, or click on the desired row in the list box. Note that only the first 100 rows of data [in an ASCII file] are displayed in the list box.

After you have selected Delimited or Fixed width and the starting row to import, press the Next button to proceed to Step Two.

Text Import Wizard – Step 2 of 2 for “Delimited” Format

The above figure shows Step 2 of 2 for importing a delimited column ASCII data file. In this box you select the type of delimiter used to separate the columns of channel data. Tabs and commas are typical delimiters. After specifying the delimiter, select the channel (column) that you want to import.

eZ-Analyst 978791 Edit Menu 4-49

You can enter the zero based column number into the entry box, or click on the column header of the desired

Fixed column width

Import column number

channel. At this point you can press the Back button to change your selection, or press Finish to start importing data.

The next figure shows Step 2 of 2 for the Fixed width data format. For the fixed width format, you must indicate how many characters wide the channel column is; then you select the channel (column number) to import.

Text Import Wizard – Step 2 of 2 for “Fixed Width” Format

After completing these two actions, press the Finish button.

Importing ASCII data can take several seconds. While the data is being imported a progress bar is displayed as indicated in the above figure.

When all of the data has been imported, the dialog display changes. See following figure.

4-50 Edit Menu 978791 eZ-Analyst

Data Import in Progress

Display for Arbitrary Wave, following an ASCII Data Import

The ASCII import display has the same Scale, Offset, First Samp and Num Samps entry fields seen in the eZ-Analyst raw data import display. Additionally there are entry fields for Range Selection and Acquisition Sample Rate. Also displayed are the Maximum and Minimum data values in the imported data.

Unlike eZ-Analyst raw data, ASCII data contains no information about how the data was acquired. Because of this, some information about the data has to be manually entered by the operator. For example, eZ-Analyst needs to know what the +/- Full Scale Range was when the data was acquired. The software also needs to know the sample rate that was used to acquire the data.

The Full Scale Range can be either manually entered, or automatically set by selecting the Maximum and Minimum data points imported from the file.

The Waveform Modifiers operate the same for ASCII data as Raw data. Enter the time value to playback the data, and make the selections needed to make the playback repeat or not.

eZ-Analyst 978791 Edit Menu 4-51

Preferences Tab

Trigger Panel

Located in the Analyzer Tab of the eZ-Analyst Edit/Configuration Dialog Box

The Preferences Tab (following figure) is used to set the operating characteristics of certain waveform output functions.

Preferences Tab

The first control allows you to adjust the size of the Waveform Output Memory Buffer. Waveforms are generated in the memory buffer and “played-out” through the 640 unit’s Analog Output. As data is playedout, eZ-Analyst is periodically interrupted to fill the buffer with more data to keep the waveform flowing.

The smaller the buffer the less time it takes to play-out, therefore more interruptions are made to keep

generating waveforms. A larger memory buffer takes longer to play out, so fewer interruptions are made to generate waveform.

Computers with lower performance processors may need to have the size of the memory buffer increased to reduce the number of interruptions needed for waveform generation. However, a larger memory buffer means that changes to the output waveform such as Voltage Level, Offset, etc, will take longer to see the effect of the change; since these changes are applied at the end of the buffer and will not be seen until that part of the buffer is played out.

The second control is used to set the trigger point when eZ-Analyst has been configured to use Waveform Output triggering. The Trigger panel (shown at the right) is located in the Analyzer Tab of the eZ-Analyst Edit/Configuration Dialog Box. You can set the Trigger point to occur at either the start of the Waveform, or if a Ramp-Up has been applied to the Waveform, at the end of the Ramp.

Note: Preferences can not be changed when the Waveform Output is running.

4-52 Edit Menu 978791 eZ-Analyst

WARNING

Two Views of the Signal Generating Button

Not Generating Generating Signal

When the Signal Generator Button is pressed eZ-Analyst starts generating Waveforms at the DSA640 Analog Output connector. The Signal Generator Button changes from a flat line, to a Sine wave Icon to indicate that the output is running.

If the Waveform Configuration Dialog is visible when the Signal Generator is started, the dialog shrinks in size to hide the preview window. Changes made to the output waveform while the generator is running can not be previewed in the preview window (see following figure).

When the Signal Generator is shut off, either by pressing the Toolbar button, or from the Signal Generator menu selection, the memory buffer containing the output waveform must finish playing out before the output of the DSA640 stops and returns to zero volts. This play-out time is controlled by the Preference setting (see Preferences Tab, preceding page). While the generator is playing out the data, a status message is displayed in the eZ-Analyst Toolbar indicating that the generator is shutting down (following figure).

The message is removed when the generator has finished shutting down. At this time the Signal Generator can be restarted to again generate waveforms on the 640 unit’s Analog Output.

eZ-Analyst 978791 Edit Menu 4-53

Edit Menu > Playback Setup Window

Playback Setup Window

Edit Menu > Playback Setup Window: Source Information Panel

Provides general file related information such as filename, file location, the number of active channels, analysis frequency, block size, blocks recorded, and record time. The panel includes a Comments box for user remarks.

Edit Menu > Playback Setup Window: Playback Mode Panel

After you open a recorded file to be played back, you have the option to change the following for viewing purposes:

Spectral Lines: This section of the Playback Mode panel is used to set the number of spectral

lines. Note that number of Spectral Lines stated in “Source Information” is the minimum

number of lines you can have for the given file’s playback.

Overlap Percent 0 - 99: The percentage of displayed history data that will overlap subsequent data when we step through it. The value can be set to any whole number from 0 to 99, inclusive. To understand the settings:

o 0 – A setting of “0” results in no record overlap. 100% of each record will be displayed;

we step through the history data 1 complete record at a time.

o 50 – With a setting of “50” we see 50% of one data record and 50 % of the subsequent

data record each time we step through the data.

o 99 – At each step-through of the history data, the display will show 99% of the data just

viewed, and 1% of the next available history data. This means that a setting of 99 allows us to step through the history data in 1% increments.

Playback Speed – Select from one of three playback speed options: No Delay, Acquisition Rate, or Delay (mSec)

4-54 Edit Menu 978791 eZ-Analyst

Panel

Function

Plot Window Colors:

Used to edit the colors of Frame Border, Plot Background, Grid Lines, and Cursors. In

addition, the toggle buttons with the “line/asterisk” images are used to obtain a line

cursor or a point cursor.

To change a Plot Window display color:

1. Click on the button that applies to the display characteristic, for example,

<Plot Background>. A Color Palette will open.

2. Select a color by clicking on a color square, or by defining a Custom Color.

3. Click <OK>.

4. Repeat the steps 1 through 3 for each Plot Window color that you want to change.

5. When finished, click <OK> in Colors [Color Palette] window.

Freq / Order Track Slice:

Applies to Frequency Track Slices and Order Track Slices. The measurement mode will always use the maximum number of records; but for playback modes this panel determines whether:

a) all the data records will be displayed, or b) the maximum stored records will be displayed.

The user can click in the numeric field to change the number of records to be stored.

Plot Colors:

The top four buttons in this panel are used to set colors for tachometer channels. The 16 additional buttons are used to set colors for traces or channels. If you want a channel to remain a certain color ensure the channel radio button selected. Click on a channel’s color chip to open a color palette. Click on the desired color, then click <OK>.

Edit Menu > Display Preferences

Display Preferences

eZ-Analyst 978791 Edit Menu 4-55

Panel

Function

Cursors:

Sets the number of cursors and defines the Foreground, which is the color for on-plot text, such as cursor values.

Cursor Movement:

Sets the cursor’s action. Options are: Pick/Drag, Pick Only, and Drag Only.

Pick/Drag: Makes use of both the Pick Mode and the Drag Mode.

Pick Only: Clicking the left mouse button allows the cursor to move instantaneously

with the band cursor. The chosen cursor moves to the location when the mouse is clicked.

Drag Only: Move the mouse pointer to the cursor location. The pointer will change to a “Left and Right Arrow.” Click and drag the cursor to the designated location.

Peak Search Options:

Peak averages are evaluated by first finding a peak and then averaging the specified number of spectral lines on either side of the peak. This section of the window is used to set the preferences regarding peak search. Options are as follows:

Amplitude Minimum

Used to set the Minimum threshold value for peak searching, i.e., the lowest

value of data to be considered for the search. “Minimum is typically set

above the extraneous noise level.

Peak Width (Spectral Lines)

Sets the eZ-Analyst to search data, according to a cursor-selected range (band). The band takes into account the Minimum threshold value for peak searching, if defined. The default setting for 3 spectral lines. This number

specifies the number of data bins used for peak searching. For example, “3”

indicates that the peak value will be searched at the current cursor position and the ± 3 adjacent positions.

Sort By

Select Frequency/Time or Amplitude, as applicable to your peak search.

Pick Peak Options:

Spectral Width (Spectral Lines)

This mode sets the system to search for a peak within the pre-defined (data range) only when the cursor is moved, or clicked. This is a manual method. Compare with Auto-Tracking.

Auto Tracking

Selects Cursor-1 and/or Cursor-2 to automatically search for peaks. The feature makes use of the Spectral Width, for example: “3” indicates that the peak value will be searched at the current cursor position and the ± 3 adjacent positions. The cursor automatically moves to the peak position within the specified range.

Reference Note: Cursor types include single cursor, band cursor, peak cursor, and harmonic cursor.

For detailed information refer to chapter 5, Interactive Features of the Plot Display Window.

4-56 Edit Menu 978791 eZ-Analyst

Toolbar Buttons 5

Clicking the “Graph Toolbar” button will bring up a buttons toolbar, which provides a means of quickly implementing various plot display functions. An alternative to using the buttons is to “right-click” in a plot display, then use the resulting function menu. When the graphic toolbar is open, clicking the button again will close it.

Graphic Toolbar Button

Function Description / Comments

1 Add New FV Window Adds a new Function View.

2 Tile Horizontally Tiles two or more Function Views such that they are longer in the

horizontal direction.

3 Tile Vertically Tiles two or more Function Views such that they are longer in the vertical

direction.

4 Time A single-channel display function. Displays a time domain waveform of

sampled data scaled in either Volts or EUs.

5 Auto-Spectrum A single-channel display function. Displays the square of the magnitude

of the complex (one-side) Fourier spectrum of x(t). Autospectra are calibrated so that if A is the peak amplitude of a sinusoidal signal x(t), then the autospectrum has the value A*A (or use A power 2) at the sinusoidal frequency.

6 PSD

(Power Spectral Density)

7 Spectrum A dual-channel display function. Displays averaged linear spectrum

Power Spectral Density (PSD) displays the power of random vibration intensity as “mean-square acceleration per frequency unit.” PSD is a single-channel display function. It is the Fourier Transform of the Autocorrelation function. This normalization should be used with continuous random signals.

computed as the square root of the averaged autospectrum.

eZ-Analyst 916994 Toolbar Buttons 5-1

8 FRF A dual-channel function for the single-input, single-

Function

Description / Comments

output (SISO) frequency response function between two specified input channels. FRF is the averaged cross-spectrum divided by the averaged autospectrum of the input (the second named channel). When the FRF (#8) or the Cross (#9) button is clicked on; then the following buttons for more complex data displays become active. These buttons, not shown in the above figure, will appear in the toolbar between buttons #15 and # 21.

Magnitude: Plots only the magnitude of real or complex data.

Phase: Plots only the phase of complex data.

Magnitude and Phase: Plots both Magnitude and Phase data.

Real: Plots only the Real numbered data.

Imaginary

Real and Imaginary: Plots both Real and Imaginary data.

Nyquist: A Nyquist plot is another way to display real and imaginary data. The real numbered data is plotted on the X-axis and the imaginary numbered data is plotted on the Y-axis with consecutive points joined by line segments. From basic vibration theory, a Nyquist plot of a mobility function should trace out a circle (counter-clockwise) as the frequency is increased through an isolated structural resonance.

5-2 Toolbar Buttons 916994 eZ-Analyst

Function

Description / Comments

9 Cross* A dual-channel display function in the frequency

domain. It is equal to the product of the complex Fourier spectrum of y(t) (the numerator or first named channel) times the complex conjugate of the Fourier spectrum of x(t) (the denominator or second named channel). The special case y=x yields the autospectrum. Averaging of these functions (frequency-domain averaging) forms the basic foundation on which virtually all other multichannel, frequency-domain analysis is built. The cross spectrum is calibrated in units of (peak EUy) (peak EUx).

When the Cross (#9) or FRF (#8) button is clicked on; then the following buttons for more complex data displays become active. The buttons will appear in the toolbar between buttons #15 and # 21 and are briefly discussed in the FRF section (preceding row) of this table.

10 Coherence* A dual-channel display function. At each frequency,

the coherence is a value between 0.0 and 1.0, which indicates the degree of consistent linear relationship between two signals during the averaging process. A value of less than one indicates that phase cancellation occurred during cross-spectrum averaging, which may be due to uncorrelated noise on one or both signals or to a nonlinear relationship between signals.

11 Octave* Many sounds, including audible noise for a

transmission line, are broad band, having components that are continuously distributed over a range of frequencies. The spectrum of such a sound can be approximated in terms of a series of octave band or one-third octave band pressure levels. A band is designated by its center frequency, f0, which

is the geometric mean of the upper and lower frequencies of the band. (See ANSI/ASC S1.6-1984.) This button activates two Octave Type buttons, i.e., Full Octave (#16) and 1/3 Octave (#17).

* Buttons 9, 10, 11 will only be active if there is a “Reference Channel.” A channel can be selected

to “Reference” in the Input/Output Channels Tab via the Response/Reference column.

eZ-Analyst 916994 Toolbar Buttons 5-3

Function Description / Comments

12 Transfer Function Activates additional buttons for the Transfer Type options. The 6

buttons appear in the toolbar area between buttons #15 and #21 when the Transfer Function button is clicked on [they are not shown in the above figure]. The Transfer Function buttons are:

Inertance, which is: Acceleration divided by Force.

Mobility, which is: Velocity dived by Force.

Compliance, also known as Receptance, which is: Displacement divided by Force.

Apparent Mass, which is: Force divided by Acceleration.

Impedance, which is: Force divided by Velocity.

Dynamic Stiffness, which is: Force divided by Displacement.

Transfer function displays assume the reference channel is a force channel. You MUST define the response channels to be the correct type of data (acceleration, velocity, or displacement) that you are acquiring. Define these in the data type column of the Calibration window. This allows the data to be integrated or differentiated correctly to derive the desired transfer function.

13 Averaged Time A single-channel display function. Displays a time domain

waveform of averaged, sampled data scaled in either Volts or EUs.

14 Negative Spectrum Reference Spectrum minus Current Spectrum displays the

difference between the Reference Spectrum and the Current Spectrum when the following is specified: Linear (-), Negative Averaging

15 Windowed Time Applies to the FFT Response window specified in the Miscellaneous

Tab of the Configuration window to time data.

16 Full Octave Extends from a lower frequency, f02 to twice the lower frequency

(2f0). The <Full Octave> button is only actie when the <Octave>

button (#11) is selected.

5-4 Toolbar Buttons 916994 eZ-Analyst

Function

Description / Comments

17 1/3 Octave Extends from a lower frequency ( f0/2) to 32 times the lower

frequency (32 f0). The Octave (one-third octave) band

sound-pressure level is the integrated sound-pressure level of all spectral components in the specified octave or one-third octave band. The <1/3 Octave> button is only active when the <Octave> button (#11) is selected.

18 Graph Toolbar Opens [or closes] the graph toolbar, which consists of buttons

1 through 17 and buttons 21 through 30.

19 Edit Configuration Opens the Configuration Settings window.

20 Input Channels Button Open: makes a floating window of channel buttons. Closed:

keeps the buttons on the toolbar.

n/a Strip Charts There is no toolbar button for Strip Chart. To add a Strip

Chart:

(a) Go to the Plots menu-bar and open the Window pull-

down menu.

(b) Select the “Add Strip Chart” option.

For detailed information refer to the Strip Charts section in chapter 6.

21 XY Axis Grids Used to add or remove vertical and horizontal grid lines.

22 Auto Scale XY Axis Lets the application automatically adjust the X and Y axis.

23 Manually Scale Y Axis Lets the user manually adjust the Y-axis.

24 Manually Scale X Axis Lets the user manually adjust the X-axis.

25 Manually Scale X & Y Axis Lets the user manually adjust both the X and Y-axis.

26 Cursors Cycles through the following cursor options: Cursor Off, Single

Cursor, Dual (Band) Cursor, Harmonic, SideBand, Peak, FreeForm. Use the Amnotation button (#27) to view X and Y values associated with the cursors.

For detailed information refer to the Using Cursors section in chapter 6.

27 Annotation Provides a means of displaying cursor values in terms of x and

y. Annotation can be displayed as numbers at the cursor or in a frame, which includes forward and backward scrolling arrows. Note that the annotation color will match the “Foreground” color as set in Edit/Display Preferences. Note that the Annotation frame will only display up to 6 sets of cursor values.

eZ-Analyst 916994 Toolbar Buttons 5-5

Function Description / Comments

28 Differential Differential (also referred to as Differentiation) is for display purpose only

and does not modify the data. Differentiation is only active when frequency domain data is displayed. Select single or double differentiation or none by continuous clicks of the button (#28). In the plot display’s “Y-Axis” label, a “&” indicates single differentiation, “&&” indicates double differentiation, and no ampersand indicates no differentiation. Note that both Differentiation and Integration are calculated by dividing each element of the function by (jw)^n, where j is the square root of -1; w is the product of 2 pi times the frequency of the block element; and n is an integer from +2 to -2. If the signal is displacement, then single differentiation (&) results in velocity, and double differentiation (&&) results in acceleration.

29 Integral Integral (also referred to as Integration) is for display purpose only and does

not modify the data. Integration is only active when frequency domain data is displayed. Select single or double integration or none by continuous clicks of the button (#29). In the plot display’s “Y-Axis” label, a “~” indicates single integration, “~~” indicates double integration, and no ampersand indicates no integration. Note that both Differentiation and Integration are calculated by dividing each element of the function by (jw)^n, where j is the square root of -1; w is the product of 2 pi times the frequency of the block element; and n is an integer from +2 to -2. If the signal is acceleration, then single integration (~) results in velocity, and double integration (~~) results in displacement.

Note: Engineering Units change when the instrument type is Acceleration

and integration is implemented.

30 Scale - RMS,

Pk, Pk-Pk

Peak-to-Peak

Peak

RMS

The Scale button allows the user to cycle through the following scales: RMS: (Root Mean Square): The square root of the average of the square of the value of the function taken throughout one period. Peak: Zero to Peak. Pk-Pk: Peak to Peak. Refer to the following illustrations.

RMS Level

5-6 Toolbar Buttons 916994 eZ-Analyst

Note: Items 31 through 35 are located at the right end of the toolbar. They are not shown in the

preceding toolbar images due to the width of the complete toolbar graphic. Pages 5-9 and 5-10 depict the types of displays that result from using combinations of these four buttons.

31 32 33 34 35

31 3D Waterfall

32 Frequency or

33 Spectrum

34 Order Tracking

Function Description / Comments

View

Orders Slice View

Display Split View

or Frequency View

Order Tracking

Frequency View

Used to bring up a 3D Waterfall display.

Brings up a display for a chosen frequency. This is a “slice” of the waterfall or order tracing, taken at a given frequency (or order).

Brings up a standard spectrum display plus allows for a second display, either 3D Waterfall or Frequency Slice, but not both.

This button is used to enable the Order Tracking display mode or the Frequency View mode.

The Order Tracking display mode provides a means of displaying data from points which are evenly spaced by RPM, instead of increments of time. On the x-axis scale of the Order Tracking display: 1 equals shaft RPM, 2 equals 2 x Shaft RPM, 3 equals 3 x Shaft RPM, etc. Order Tracking presents data in the frequency domain. To use Order Tracking a tachometer must be assigned to an enabled channel.

Note that if the <Order Tracking> and <Slice View> buttons are both enabled, eZ-Analyst displays the slice view above the order tracking view. The Order Tracking display can be enabled from either the Measurement (Real Time) mode or the Playback mode.

The Frequency View mode is the standard eZ-Analyst spectrum view. When this view is enabled the button appears as shown to the immediate left.

Tach Selection

(

for use with

Order Tracking

)

This pull-down selection list of available enabled tachometer channels is visible on the toolbar only when Order Tracking (Button #34) is enabled. The selected tach will apply to each enabled input channel. Select “Default Tach” when you want to assign each channel to its default tachometer [as determined in setup configuration].

Note: Buttons 31, 32, and 33 are enabled for most single-display spectral function views (FV). They are

never enabled for time function views as the x-axis must be in frequency. Any two of these three functions can be displayed at the same time. See table on followig page in regared to button combinations and resulting displays.

In regard to button # 34, to enable Order Tracking click the button after verifying the following:

o at least one tachometer is assigned to a channel o the tach channel is enabled o no dual-function window is open, e.g., no FRF (see item # 8).

eZ-Analyst 916994 Toolbar Buttons 5-7

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5-8 Toolbar Buttons 916994 eZ-Analyst

Measurement eZ-Analyst User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Manual Layout

Table of Contents

WaveBooks

ZonicBook/618E

IOtech 600 Series

Task Menu

File Menu

Control Menu

Export Menu

Window Menu

Edit Menu > Configuration . . .

Edit Menu > Output Channel Setup

Playback Setup Window

Display Preferences