The MAX98306 stereo 3.7W Class D amplifier provides
Class AB audio performance with Class D efficiency.
This device offers five selectable gain settings (6dB,
9dB, 12dB, 15dB, and 18dB) set by a single gain-select
input (GAIN).
Active emissions limiting, edge-rate, and overshoot control circuitry combined with a filterless spread-spectrum
modulation scheme (SSM) provide excellent EMI performance while eliminating the need for output filtering found
in traditional Class D devices. These features reduce
application component count.
The IC's 2.0mA quiescent current with a 3.7V supply
extends battery life in portable applications.
The IC is available in a 14-pin TDFN (3mm x 3mm x
0.75mm) package specified over the extended -40NC to
+85NC temperature range.
Continuous Input Current (all other pins) .................... ±20mA
MAX98306
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute
maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
= 0V, AV = 12dB (GAIN = PVDD), RL = J, RL connected between OUT_+ to OUT_-, 20Hz to 22kHz
PGND
MIN
to T
PVDD
PVDD
SHDN
ON
BIAS
IN
OS
, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25NC.) (Note 2)
MAX
Guaranteed by PSRR test2.65.5V
V
= 3.7V22.7
PVDD
V
= 5.0V2.6
PVDD
V
= 0, TA = +25NC< 110FA
SHDN
3.210ms
1.62V
GAIN = PGND17.51818.5
GAIN = 100kI to PGND14.51515.5
GAIN = PVDD11.51212.5
V
GAIN = 100kI to PVDD8.599.5
GAIN = unconnected5.566.5
AV = 18dB (GAIN = PGND)2233
AV = 15Db (GAIN = 100kI to PGND)3146
AV = 12dB (GAIN = PVDD)4465
AV = 9dB (GAIN = 100kI to PVDD)6293
AV = 6dB (GAIN = unconnected)89131
Note 2: This device is 100% production tested at TA = +25NC. All temperature limits are guaranteed by design.
Note 3: Amplifier inputs AC-coupled to ground.
Note 4: Specified at room temperature with an 8I resistive load in series with a 68µH inductive load.
SHDN
= 3.7V, V
= 0V, AV = 12dB (GAIN = PVDD), RL = J, RL connected between OUT_+ to OUT_-, 20Hz to 22kHz
PGND
MIN
to T
, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25NC.) (Note 2)
MAX
PARAMETERSYMBOLCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITS
E
OSC
IH
IL
= 8I +68FH, P
SPK
Z
= 8I +68FH, P
SPK
at 1% THD+N99dB
OUT
= 1.4W, f = 1kHz92%
OUT
160320540kHz
1.4V
0.4V
Typical Operating Characteristics
(V
= V
PVDD
bandwidth, TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)
100
V
Z
10
1
THD+N (%)
0.1
0.01
0.001
01.00
= 5.0V, V
SHDN
PGND
THD+N vs. OUTPUT POWER
= 3.7V
PVDD
= 8I + 68µH
LOAD
f = 6kHz
f = 1kHz
f = 100kHz
OUTPUT POWER (W)
= 0V, AV = 12dB, RL = J, RL connected between OUT_+ to OUT_-, 20Hz to 22kHz AC measurement
3INL+Noninverting Audio Left Input
4INL-Inverting Audio Left Input
5GAINGain Select
6INR-Inverting Audio Right Input
7INR+Noninverting Audio Right Input
9OUTR-Negative Right Speaker Output
10OUTR+Positive Right Speaker Output
11, 12PVDD
13OUTL+Positive Left Speaker Output
14OUTL-Negative Left Speaker Output
—EPExposed Pad. Connect the exposed pad directly to ground.
Active-Low Shutdown Input. Drive SHDN to PGND to place the device into shutdown. Drive SHDN
above 1.4V for normal operation.
Power Supply. Bypass PVDD to PGND with a 0.1FF capacitor in parallel with a 10FF capacitor
placed as close as possible to the device.
The MAX98306 features low quiescent current, a lowpower shutdown mode, comprehensive click-and-pop
suppression, and excellent RF immunity.
The IC offers Class AB audio performance with Class D
efficiency in a minimal board-space solution.
The Class D amplifier features spread-spectrum modulation, active emissions limiting, edge-rate, and overshoot
control circuitry that offers significant improvements to
switch-mode amplifier radiated emissions.
The amplifier also features click-and-pop suppression
that reduces audible transients on startup and shutdown, as well as thermal-overload and short-circuit
protection.
Class D Speaker Amplifier
The filterless Class D amplifier output stage offers much
higher efficiency than Class AB amplifiers. The high efficiency of a Class D amplifier is due to the pulse-width
modulated (PWM) rail-to-rail switching operation of the
output stage transistors. This ensures that any power
loss associated with the Class D output stage is mostly
due to the I2R loss of the MOSFET on-resistance and
quiescent current overhead.
EMI Filterless Output Stage
Traditional Class D amplifiers require the use of external
LC filters, or shielding, to meet EN55022B electromagnetic-interference (EMI) regulation standards. Maxim’s
active-emissions-limiting edge-rate control circuitry and
spread-spectrum modulation reduce EMI emissions,
while maintaining up to 92% efficiency.
Spread-spectrum modulation and active emissions limiting limit wideband spectral components, while proprietary techniques ensure that the cycle-to-cycle variation of the switching period does not degrade audio
reproduction or efficiency. The IC’s spread-spectrum
modulator randomly varies the switching frequency by
Q20kHz around the center frequency (320kHz). Above
10MHz, the wideband spectrum looks like noise for EMI
purposes (Figure 1).
Speaker Current Limit
If the output current of the speaker amplifier exceeds
the current limit (3A typ), the IC disables the outputs for
approximately 100Fs. At the end of 100Fs, the outputs
are reenabled. If the fault condition still exists, the IC
continues to disable and reenable the outputs until the
fault condition is removed.
Table 1. Gain Control Configuration
GAIN PINMAXIMUM GAIN (dB)
Connect to PGND18
Connect to PGND through
100kI±5% resistor
Connect to PVDD12
Connect to PVDD through
100kI±5% resistor
Unconnected6
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
EMISSIONS LEVEL (dBµV/m)
10
0
-10
01000
FREQUENCY (MHz)
Figure 1. EMI with 12in of Speaker Cable and No Output Filter
The IC offers five programmable gains selected using
the GAIN input.
The IC features a low-power shutdown mode, drawing
P 1FA (typ) of supply current. Drive SHDN low to place
the MAX98306 into shutdown. Drive SHDN above 1.4V
for normal operation.
Click-and-Pop Suppression
The IC speaker amplifier features Maxim’s comprehensive click-and-pop suppression. During startup, the
click-and-pop suppression circuitry reduces any audible
transient sources internal to the device. When entering
shutdown, the differential speaker outputs ramp down to
PGND quickly and simultaneously.
Traditional Class D amplifiers require an output filter.
The filter adds cost and size and decreases THD performance. The IC’s filterless modulation scheme does not
require an output filter.
Because the switching frequency of the IC is well
beyond the bandwidth of most speakers, voice coil
MAX98306
movement due to the switching frequency is very small.
Use a speaker with a series inductance > 10FH. Typical
8I speakers exhibit series inductances in the 20FH to
100FH range.
Component Selection
Power-Supply Input (PVDD)
PVDD powers the speaker amplifier. PVDD ranges from
2.6V to 5.5V. Bypass PVDD with 0.1FF and 10FF capacitors to PGND. Apply additional bulk capacitance at the
device if long input traces between PVDD and the power
source are used.
Input Filtering
The input-coupling capacitor (CIN), in conjunction with
the amplifier’s internal input resistance (RIN), forms a
highpass filter that removes the DC bias from the incoming signal. These capacitors allow the amplifier to bias
the signal to an optimum DC level.
Assuming zero source impedance, CIN is:
=
C
IN
1
π×
2 fR
−
3dBIN
Table 2. Capacitance Value for 20Hz
Highpass Filter
GAIN
1833241
1546173
1265122
99386
613161
RIN (kI)
Layout and Grounding
Proper layout and grounding are essential for optimum
performance. Good grounding improves audio performance and prevents switching noise from coupling into
the audio signal.
Use wide, low-resistance output traces. As the load
impedance decreases, the current drawn from the
device increases. At higher current, the resistance of the
output traces decrease the power delivered to the load.
For example, if 2W is delivered from the device output to
a 4I load through 100mI of total speaker trace, 1.904W
is delivered to the speaker. If power is delivered through
10mI of total speaker trace, 1.99W is delivered to the
speaker. Wide output, supply, and ground traces also
improve the power dissipation of the device.
The IC is inherently designed for excellent RF immunity.
For best performance, add ground fills around all signal
traces on top or bottom PCB planes.
CIN for 20Hz (nF)
where f
typical value as specified in the Electrical Characteristics
table. Use capacitors with adequately low-voltage coefficients for best low-frequency THD performance. Table 2
shows calculated capacitance values based on a 20Hz
highpass filter.
For the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. Note that a “+”, “#”,
or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing
pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status.
For the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. Note that a “+”, “#”,
or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing
pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status.
06/11Initial release—
18/11Updated output power in Electrical Characteristics3
REVISION
DATE
MAX98306
DESCRIPTION
PAGES
CHANGED
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied.
Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
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