MAXIM MAX9377, MAX9378 Technical data

General Description

The MAX9377/MAX9378 are fully differential, high­speed, low-jitter anything-to-LVPECL and anything-to­LVDS translators, respectively, with a selectable
divide-by-four function. Low propagation delay and
high speed make them ideal for various high-speed
network routing and backplane applications at speeds
up to 2GHz in nondivide mode.

The MAX9377/MAX9378 accept any differential input
signal within the supply rails and with minimum ampli­tude of 100mV. Inputs are fully compatible with the
LVDS, LVPECL, HSTL, and CML differential signaling
standards. The MAX9377 outputs are LVPECL and
have sufficient current to drive 50Ω transmission lines.
The MAX9378 outputs are LVDS and conform to the
ANSI EIA/TIA-644 LVDS standard.

The MAX9377/MAX9378 are available in 8-pin µMAX
packages and operate from a single +3.3V supply over
the -40°C to +85°C temperature range.

Applications

Backplane Logic Standard Translation

LAN

WAN

DSLAM

DLC

Features

♦ Guaranteed 2GHz Switching Frequency

♦ Accept LVDS/LVPECL/Anything Inputs

♦ Pin-Selectable Divide-by-Four Function

♦ 421ps (typ) Propagation Delays (MAX9377)

♦ 30ps (max) Pulse Skew

♦ 2ps

RMS

(max) Random Jitter

♦ Minimum 100mV Differential Input to Guarantee

AC Specifications

♦ Temperature-Compensated LVPECL Output

♦ +3.0V to +3.6V Power-Supply Operating Range

♦ ESD Protection: >2kV Human Body Model (HBM)

MAX9377/MAX9378

Anything-to-LVPECL/LVDS Translators

with Pin-Selectable Divide-by-Four

________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1

Pin Configuration

Ordering Information

19-2846; Rev 1; 7/03

For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at
1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.

Functional Diagram

MAX9377EUA -40°C to +85°C 8 µMAX
MAX9378EUA -40°C to +85°C 8 µMAX

PART TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE

TOP VIEW

RST

1

SEL

2

3

IN

4

MAX9377
MAX9378

87V

6

5

OUTIN

OUT

RSTGND

CC

LVDS/ANY

SEL

÷ 4

LVPECL (MAX9377)
OR
LVDS (MAX9378)

MAX9377/MAX9378

Anything-to-LVPECL/LVDS Translators
with Pin-Selectable Divide-by-Four

2 _______________________________________________________________________________________

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

VCCto GND...........................................................-0.3V to +4.1V

Inputs (IN, IN, RST, SEL)............................-0.3V to (V

CC

+ 0.3V)

IN to IN................................................................................±3.0V

Short-Circuit Duration (MAX9378 OUT, OUT) ............Continuous

Continuous Output Current .................................................50mA

Surge Output Current .......................................................100mA

Continuous Power Dissipation (T

A

= +70°C)

8-µMAX (derate 5.9mW/°C above +70°C) ...............470.6mW

θ

JA

in Still Air...........................................................+170°C/W

Junction Temperature......................................................+150°C

Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C

ESD Protection

Human Body Model (IN, IN, OUT, OUT) ..............................≥2kV

Soldering Temperature (10s) ...........................................+300°C

DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(VCC= +3.0V to +3.6V, differential input voltage |VID| = 0.1V to 3.0V, input voltage (VIN, VIN) = 0 to VCC, input common-mode voltage
V

CM

= 0.05V to (VCC- 0.05V), LVPECL outputs terminated with 50Ω ±1% to (VCC- 2.0V), LVDS outputs terminated with 100Ω ±1%,

T

A

= -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at VCC= +3.3V, |VID| = 0.2V, input common-mode voltage VCM= 1.2V, TA= +25°C, unless

otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2, 3)

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS

LVCMOS/LVTTL INPUTS (RST, SEL)

Input High
Voltage

Input Low Voltage V

Input High Current I

Input Low Current I

DIFFERENTIAL INPUTS (IN, IN)

Differential Input
Threshold

V

V

IH

IL

THD

IH

IL

V

= V

IN

V

IL

or 2V 0 150 0 150 0 150 µA

CC

= 0 or 0.8V -20 +20 -20 +20 -20 +20 µA

MIN TYP MAX MIN TYP MAX MIN TYP MAX

2.0 V

GND 0.8 GND 0.8 GND 0.8 V

-100 ±6 +100 -100 ±6 +100 -100 ±6 +100 mV

-40°C +25°C +85°C

2.0 V

CC

2.0 V

CC

CC

UNITS

V

Input Current IIN, I INVIN, V IN = VCC or 0V -20 +20 -20 +20 -20 +20 µA

Input Common­Mode Voltage

LVPECL OUTPUTS (OUT, OUT) (MAX9377)

Single-Ended
Output High
Voltage

Single-Ended
Output Low
Voltage

Differential Output
Voltage

LVDS OUTPUTS (OUT, OUT) (MAX9378)

Differential Output
Voltage

V

V

V

V

V

V

Figure 1 0.05

CM

Figure 3

OH

Figure 3

OL

-

OH

Figure 3 595 725 595 725 595 725 mV

OL

Figure 2 250 370 450 250 363 450 250 348 450 mV

OD

V

CC

1.085

V

CC

1.830

VCC -

0.992

VCC -

1.717

V

CC

0.05

VCC-

0.880

VCC -

1.620

-

0.05

VCC -

1.025

VCC -

1.810

V

-

CC

0.05

0.05

-

VCC -

VCC -

VCC -

1.033

0.880

1.025

-

VCC -

VCC -

VCC -

1.755

1.620

1.810

VCC -

0.978

VCC -

1.699

V

CC

0.05

VCC -

0.880

VCC -

1.620

­V

V

V

MAX9377/MAX9378

Anything-to-LVPECL/LVDS Translators

with Pin-Selectable Divide-by-Four

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3

DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)

(VCC= +3.0V to +3.6V, differential input voltage |VID| = 0.1V to 3.0V, input voltage (VIN, VIN) = 0 to VCC, input common-mode voltage
V

CM

= 0.05V to (VCC- 0.05V), LVPECL outputs terminated with 50Ω ±1% to (VCC- 2.0V), LVDS outputs terminated with 100Ω ±1%,

T

A

= -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at VCC= +3.3V, |VID| = 0.2V, input common-mode voltage VCM= 1.2V, TA= +25°C, unless

otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2, 3)

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS

Change in
Magnitude of V
Between
Complementary
Output States

Offset Common­Mode Voltage

Change in
Magnitude of V
Between
Complementary
Output States

Output Short­Circuit Current,
Either Output
Shorted to GND

Output Short­Circuit Current,
Outputs Shorted
Together

POWER SUPPLY

Supply Current I

OD

∆V

 Figure 2 1.0 20 1.0 20 1.0 20 mV

OD

V

 Figure 2 1.125 1.375 1.125 1.250 1.375 1.125 1.375 V

OS

OS

∆VOS Figure 2 0.1 20 0.1 20 0.1 20 mV

= ±100mV, one

V

ID

output GND, other



I

OS

output open or
shorted to GND

V

= ±100mV,

ID



I

OSAB

CC

= V

V

OUT

MAX9377, all pins
open except V
GND

MAX9378, RL = 100,
quiescent, inputs are
open

OUT

CC

,

-40°C +25°C +85°C

MIN TYP MAX MIN TYP MAX MIN TYP MAX

19.0 24 19.0 24 19.0 24 mA

4.0 12 4.0 12 4.0 12 mA

13 22 15 22 17 22

18.0 30 20 30 22 30

UNITS

mA

MAX9377/MAX9378

Anything-to-LVPECL/LVDS Translators
with Pin-Selectable Divide-by-Four

4 _______________________________________________________________________________________

(

)

(

)

Note 1: Measurements are made with the device in thermal equilibrium. All voltages are referenced to ground except V

THD

, VID,

V

OD

, and ∆VOD.

Note 2: Current into a pin is defined as positive. Current out of a pin is defined as negative.
Note 3: DC parameters production tested at T

A

= +25°C and guaranteed by design and characterization over the full operating

temperature range.

Note 4: Guaranteed by design and characterization, not production tested. Limits are set at ±6 sigma.
Note 5: t

PCO

is the delay associated with the frequency-divider function. The total delay when divide-by-four is selected is t

PCO

+

t

PLH

.

Note 6: t

SKEW

is the magnitude difference of differential propagation delays for the same output under same conditions; t

SKEW

=

|t

PHL

- t

PLH

|.

Note 7: Device jitter added to the input signal.

AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(VCC= +3.0V to +3.6V, differential input voltage |VID| = 0.1V to 1.2V, input frequency ≤ 1.34GHz, differential input transition time =
125ps (20% to 80%), input voltage (V

IN

, VIN) = 0 to VCC, input common-mode voltage VCM= 0.05V to (VCC- 0.05V), LVPECL outputs

terminated with 50Ω ±1% to (V

CC

- 2.0V) MAX9377, LVDS outputs terminated with RL= 100Ω ±1% (MAX9378), TA= -40°C to +85°C.

Typical values are at V

CC

= +3.3V, |VID| = 0.2V, input common-mode voltage VCM= 1.2V, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

(Note 4)

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

Reset-to-Differential Output Low
Delay

Reset-to-Input Clock Setup Time t

Clock-to-Divider Output
Propagation Delay

SEL to Switched Output Delay t

MAX9377

Switching Frequency f

Propagation Delay Low to High t

Propagation Delay High to Low t

Pulse Skew |t

PLH

-t

|t

PHL

Output Low-to-High Transition
Time (20% to 80%)

Output High-to-Low Transition
Time (20% to 80%)

Added Random Jitter t

MAX9378

Switching Frequency f

Propagation Delay Low to High t

Propagation Delay High to Low t

Pulse Skew |t

PLH

- t

|t

PHL

Output Low-to-High Transition
Time (20% to 80%)

Output High-to-Low Transition
Time (20% to 80%)

Added Random Jitter t

t

DR

SET

t

PCO

SEL

MAX

PLH

PHL

SKEW

t

t

RJ

MAX

PLH

PHL

SKEW

t

t

RJ

Figure 4 0.8 1.0 ns

Figure 4 0.5 ns

Figure 4 (Note 5) 0.6 1.0 ns

Figure 5 0.3 0.6 ns

VOH - VOL ≥ 250mV 2.0 2.5 GHz

Figure 3, SEL = 0 250 421 600 ps

Figure 3, SEL = 0 250 421 600 ps

(Note 6) 6 30 ps

Figure 3 116 220 ps

R

Figure 3 116 220 ps

F

fIN = 1.34GHz (Note 7), SEL = 0 0.7 2 ps

VOD ≥ 250mV 2.0 2.5 GHz

Figure 3, SEL = 0 250 363 600 ps

Figure 3, SEL = 0 250 367 600 ps

Figure 3 (Note 6) 3 30 ps

Figure 2 93 220 ps

R

Figure 2 93 220 ps

F

fIN = 1.34GHz (Note 7), SEL = 0 0.8 2 ps

RMS

RMS

MAX9377/MAX9378

Anything-to-LVPECL/LVDS Translators

with Pin-Selectable Divide-by-Four

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 5

Typical Operating Characteristics

(VCC= +3.3V, differential input voltage |VID| = 0.2V, VCM= 1.2V, input frequency = 500MHz, outputs terminated with 50Ω ±1% to
V

CC

- 2.0V (MAX9377), outputs terminated with 100Ω ±1% (MAX9378), TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

0

10

30

20

40

50

SUPPLY CURRENT vs. FREQUENCY

MAX9377/78 toc01

FREQUENCY (MHz)

SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)

0 1000500 1500 2000

MAX9378

MAX9377 NO LOAD

MAX9377

300

500

400

700

600

800

900

0 1000500 1500 2000

OUTPUT AMPLITUDE vs. FREQUENCY

MAX9377/78 toc02

FREQUENCY (MHz)

OUTPUT AMPLITUDE (mV)

MAX9378

MAX9377

300

360

340

320

380

400

420

440

460

480

500

-40 10-15 35 60 85

PROPAGATION DELAY

vs. TEMPERATURE

MAX9377/78 toc03

TEMPERATURE (°C)

PROPAGATION DELAY (ps)

t

PLH

(MAX9377)

t

PHL

(MAX9377)

t

PLH

(MAX9378)

t

PHL

(MAX9378)

70

90

80

110

100

130

120

140

-40 10-15 35 60 85

OUTPUT RISE/FALL TIME

vs. TEMPERATURE

MAX9377/78 toc04

TEMPERATURE (°C)

OUTPUT RISE/FALL TIME (ps)

tF (MAX9377)

tR (MAX9377)

tF (MAX9378)

tR (MAX9378)

MAX9377/MAX9378

Detailed Description

The MAX9377/MAX9378 are fully differential, high­speed, low-jitter anything-to-LVPECL and anything-to­LVDS translators, respectively, with a selectable
divide-by-four function. Low propagation delay and
high speed make them ideal for various high-speed
network routing and backplane applications at speeds
up to 2GHz in nondivide mode.

The MAX9377/MAX9378 accept any differential input
signals within the supply rails and with a minimum
amplitude of 100mV. Inputs are fully compatible with
the LVDS, LVPECL, HSTL, and CML differential signal­ing standards. The MAX9377 outputs are LVPECL and
have sufficient current to drive 50Ω transmission lines.
The MAX9378 outputs are LVDS and conform to the
ANSI EIA/TIA-644 LVDS standard.

Inputs

Inputs have a wide common-mode range of 0.05V to
(VCC- 0.05V), which accommodates any differential sig­nals within the supply rails, and requires a minimum of
100mV to switch the outputs. This allows the
MAX9377/MAX9378 inputs to support virtually any differ­ential signaling standard.

RST and SEL Inputs

The frequency-divide functions are controlled by two
LVCMOS/LVTTL inputs, RST and SEL. SEL selects
either the divide-by-four function or a no-division func­tion as shown in Table 1. RST, an asynchronous active­high input, resets the divide-by-four within the device
and places the circuits into a known state. Setting RST

high when powering up the device with SEL high pre­vents the unknown states with the divider from being
propagated to the outputs. If the device is powered up
with SEL high but without asserting RST, the outputs
are only guaranteed to be 1/4th the input frequency
after 2.5 cycles have been applied to the input.

LVPECL Outputs (MAX9377)

The MAX9377 LVPECL outputs are emitter followers
that require external resistive paths to a voltage source
(VT= VCC- 2.0V typ) more negative than worst-case
VOLfor proper static and dynamic operation. When
properly terminated, the outputs generate steady-state
voltage levels, VOLor VOHwith fast transition edges
between state levels. Output current always flows into
the termination during proper operation.

LVDS Outputs (MAX9378)

The MAX9378 LVDS outputs require a resistive load to
terminate the signal and complete the transmission
loop. Because the device switches current and not volt­age, the actual output voltage swing is determined by
the value of the termination resistor. With a 3.5mA typi­cal output current, the MAX9378 produces an output
voltage of 350mV when driving a 100Ω load.

Anything-to-LVPECL/LVDS Translators
with Pin-Selectable Divide-by-Four

6 _______________________________________________________________________________________

Pin Description

Table 1. SEL AND RST Truth Table

PIN NAME FUNCTION

1 SEL

2 IN Differential LVDS/Any Noninverting Input
3 IN Differential LVDS/Any Inverting Input

4 GND Ground
5 RST Frequency Divider Reset Input. Active high, asynchronous, reset. Internal 75kΩ pulldown to GND.

6 OUT

7 OUT

8V

CC

Frequency Divider Select Input. High = divide by four, low = no division. Internal 75kΩ pulldown to
GND.

MAX9377 Differential LVPECL Inverting Output. Terminate with 50Ω ±1% to VCC - 2V.
MAX9378 Inverting LVDS Output. Terminate to OUT with 100Ω ±1%.
MAX9377 Differential LVPECL Noninverting Output. Terminate with 50Ω ±1% to VCC - 2V.
MAX9378 Noninverting LVDS Output. Terminate to OUT with 100Ω ±1%.

Positive Supply. Bypass from VCC to GND with 0.1µF and 0.01µF ceramic capacitors. Place the
capacitors as close to the device as possible with the smaller value capacitor closest to the device

RST SEL OUTPUT

X L or open No frequency division.

H H Outputs are placed in differential low.

L H Divide-by-four function.

Applications Information

LVPECL Output Termination (MAX9377)

Terminate the MAX9377 LVPECL outputs with 50Ω to
(VCC- 2V) or use equivalent Thevenin terminations.
Terminate OUT and OUT with identical termination on
each for low output distortion. When a single-ended
signal is taken from the differential output, terminate
both OUT and OUT. Ensure that output currents do not
exceed the current limits as specified in the Absolute
Maximum Ratings. Under all operating conditions, the
device’s total thermal limits should be observed.

LVDS Output Termination (MAX9378)

The MAX9378 LVDS outputs are current-steering
devices; no output voltage is generated without a termi­nation resistor. The termination resistors should match
the differential impedance of the transmission line.
Output voltage levels are dependent upon the value of
the termination resistor. The MAX9378 is optimized for
point-to-point communication with the 100Ω termination
resistor at the receiver inputs. Termination resistance
values may range between 90Ω and132Ω, depending
on the characteristic impedance of the transmission
medium.

Supply Bypassing

Bypass VCCto ground with high-frequency surface­mount ceramic 0.1µF and 0.01µF capacitors. Place the
capacitors as close to the device as possible with the

0.01µF capacitor closest to the device pins.

Traces

Circuit board trace layout is very important to maintain
the signal integrity of high-speed differential signals.

Maintaining integrity is accomplished in part by reduc­ing signal reflections and skew, and increasing com­mon-mode noise immunity.

Signal reflections are caused by discontinuities in the
50Ω characteristic impedance of the traces. Avoid dis­continuities by maintaining the distance between differ­ential traces, not using sharp corners or using vias.
Maintaining distance between the traces also increases
common-mode noise immunity. Reducing signal skew
is accomplished by matching the electrical length of
the differential traces.

MAX9377/MAX9378

Anything-to-LVPECL/LVDS Translators

with Pin-Selectable Divide-by-Four

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 7

Figure 1. Differential Input Definition

Figure 2. LVDS Output Load and Transition Times

Figure 3. Differential Input-to-Output Propagation Delay Timing
Diagram

V

CC

GND

V

ID

V

ID

VCM (MAX) = VCC - 0.05V

VCM (MIN) = 0.05V

/ 2

R

VOD

80%

L

R

/ 2

L

t

F

VOS

GND

0V

20%

OUT - OUT

DRV

VOD(-)

C

20%

OUT

OUT

L

C

L

VOD(+)

80%

t

R

IN

OR (VIH - VIL)

IN

OUT

OUT

DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT

WAVEFORM

OUT - OUT

20%

V

ID

t

PLH

VOD OR (VOH - VOL)

80%

+VOD OR +(VOH - VOL)

-VOD OR -(VOH - VOL)

t

R

0V DIFFERENTIAL

t

PHL

80%

0V DIFFERENTIAL

t

F

20%

V

OH

V

OL

MAX9377/MAX9378

Anything-to-LVPECL/LVDS Translators
with Pin-Selectable Divide-by-Four

8 _______________________________________________________________________________________

Figure 4. Frequency Divider and Reset Timing Diagram

Figure 5. Frequency Select Delay Timing Diagram

Chip Information

MAX9377 TRANSISTOR COUNT: 614

MAX9378 TRANSISTOR COUNT: 614

PROCESS: Bipolar

1 OUT

4 OUT

RST

IN

t

DR

t

PLH

t

PCO

t

SET

IN

IN/4

t

PCO

SEL

OUT

t

SEL

MAX9377/MAX9378

Anything-to-LVPECL/LVDS Translators

with Pin-Selectable Divide-by-Four

Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are
implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.

Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 _____________________ 9

© 2003 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.

Package Information

(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information,
go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages

.)

b

E H

A1

4X S

BOTTOM VIEW

A

c

L

SIDE VIEW

8

1

DIM

A
A1
A2
b

c
D
e

E

H

L

α

S

INCHES

MIN

-

0.002

0.030

0.010

0.005

0.116

0.0256 BSC

0.116

0.188

0.016
0∞

0.0207 BSC

MAX

0.043

0.006

0.037

0.014

0.007

0.120

0.120

0.198

0.026
6∞

MILLIMETERS

MIN

0.05 0.15

0.25 0.36

0.13 0.18

2.95 3.05

2.95 3.05

4.78

0.41

MAX

- 1.10

0.950.75

0.65 BSC

5.03

0.66
6∞0∞

0.5250 BSC

α

8

ÿ 0.50±0.1

0.6±0.1

0.6±0.1

1

D

TOP VIEW

A2

e

FRONT VIEW

8LUMAXD.EPS

PROPRIETARY INFORMATION

TITLE:

PACKAGE OUTLINE, 8L uMAX/uSOP

REV.DOCUMENT CONTROL NO.APPROVAL

21-0036

1

J

1