MAXIM MAX9100, MAX9101 User Manual

For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at
1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.

General Description

The MAX9100/MAX9101 micropower comparators are
optimized for single-cell systems, and are fully speci­fied for operation from a single supply of 1.0V to 5.5V.
This ultra-low voltage operation, 5µA quiescent current
consumption, and small footprint make the
MAX9100/MAX9101 ideal for use in battery-powered
systems. A wide-input common-mode range that
includes the negative rail and rail-to-rail output swing
allows almost all of the power supply to be used for sig­nal voltage. In addition, propagation delay is less than
4µs, and rise and fall times are 100ns.

The MAX9100 features a push-pull CMOS output stage
that sinks and sources current with large internal output
drivers that allow rail-to-rail output swings with loads up
to 5mA.The MAX9101 has an open-drain output stage
that makes it suitable for mixed-voltage designs.

The MAX9100/MAX9101 are available in tiny SOT23-5
packages.

________________________Applications

Single-Cell Systems

Pagers

Closed Sensor Applications

Battery-Powered Instrumentation

Portable Electronic Equipment

Portable Communication Devices

____________________________Features

• Ultra-Low Voltage: Guaranteed Down to 1.0V

• Low Quiescent Current: 5µA

• Optimized for Single-Cell Battery-Powered
Systems

• Wide Input Common-Mode Range

• CMOS Rail-to-Rail Output Swing (MAX9100)

• Open-Drain Output (MAX9101)

• 4µs Propagation Delay

• High Output Drive Capability: 5mA Sink and
Source (MAX9100)

• No Output Phase Reversal for Overdriven Inputs

• Available in Tiny SOT23-5 Package

MAX9100/MAX9101

+1.0V Micropower SOT23 Comparators

GND

IN-

IN+

1

5

V

CC

OUT

MAX9100
MAX9101

SOT23

TOP VIEW

2

3

4

Typical Operating Characteristic

2

4

3

6

5

7

8

-40 10-15 35 60 85

SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE

MAX9100 toc01

TEMPERATURE (°C)

I

CC

(µA)

VCC = +5V

VCC = +2V

VCC = +1V

19-1808; Rev 1; 1/07

Ordering Information

PART

PIN­PACKAGE

TOP

MARK

PKG

CODE

MAX9100EUK-T

5 SOT23-5

ADOR

U5-1

MAX9100ESA 8 SO

—

S8-2

MAX9101EUK-T

5 SOT23-5

ADOS

U5-1

MAX9101ESA 8 SO

—

S8-2

Pin Configurations

Pin Configurations continued at end of data sheet.

________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1

Note: All devices specified for over -40°C to +85°C operating

temperature range.

MAX9100/MAX9101

+1.0V Micropower SOT23 Comparators

2 _______________________________________________________________________________________

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(VCC= +1.2V to +5.5V, VCM= 0V, and TA= T

MIN

to T

MAX

, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C.) (Note 1)

Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

Supply Voltage (VCCto GND) ................................. -0.3V to +6V

IN+ or IN- to GND...................................... -0.3V to (V

CC

+ 0.3V)

Current Into Input Pins..................................................... ±20mA

Output Voltages to GND

MAX9100.............................................. -0.3V to (V

CC

+ 0.3V)

MAX9101 ............................................................ -0.3V to +6V

Output Short-Circuit Duration (to V

CC

or GND)......... Continuous

Continuous Power Dissipation (T

A

= +70°C)

5-Pin Plastic SOT23

(derate 7.3mW/°C above +70°C)............................... 571mW

8-Pin Plastic SO

(derate 5.88mW/°C above +70°C)............................. 471mW

Operating Temperature Range .......................... -40°C to +85°C

Junction Temperature..................................................... +150°C

Storage Temperature Range ............................ -65°C to +150°C

Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C

PARAMETER

CONDITIONS

UNITS

Supply Voltage Range V

CC

Inferred from the PSRR tests 1.0 5.5 V

VCC = +1V, TA = +25°C 5.0 8.0

Supply Current I

CC

VCC = +5V, TA = T

MIN

to T

MAX

6.0

µA

TA = +25°C ±3 ±10

Input Offset Voltage V

OS

TA = T

MIN

to T

MAX

±20

mV

Input Hysteresis

±2mV

VCC = +5.5V, TA = +25°C

±5

Input Offset Current I

OS

VCC = +5.5V, TA = T

MIN

to T

MAX

±10

nA

VCC = +5.5V, TA = +25°C ±5 ±15

Input Bias Current I

B

VCC = +5.5V, TA = T

MIN

to T

MAX

±30

nA

Differential mode

Input Resistance R

IN

Common mode 65

MΩ

Input Common-Mode Voltage
Range (Note 2)

V

CM

Inferred from CMRR test 0

V

TA = +25°C5468

Common-Mode
Rejection Ratio (Note 3)

TA = T

MIN

to T

MAX

46

dB

1.0V ≤ VCC ≤ 1.5V, TA = +25°C5466

Power-Supply
Rejection Ratio

PSRR

1.5V ≤ V

CC

≤ 5.5V, TA = -40°C to +85°C 56 68

dB

VCC = +5.0V, I

SOURCE

= 5mA 90 180

VCC = +1.2V, I

SOURCE

= 0.5mA 60 120

Output-Voltage High (MAX9100)

VCC = +1.0V, I

SOURCE

= 0.1mA,

T

A

= +25°C

25 75

mV

VCC = +5.0V, I

SINK

= 5mA

180

VCC = +1.2V, I

SINK

= 0.5mA 45 120Output-Voltage Low V

OL

VCC = +1.0V, I

SINK

= 0.5mA, TA = +25°C1575

mV

SYMBOL

MIN TYP MAX

13.0

V

HYST

±0.1

200

V

- 0.2

C C

CMRR

V

- V

C C

OH

100

MAX9100/MAX9101

+1.0V Micropower SOT23 Comparators

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)

(VCC= +1.2V to +5.5V, VCM= 0V, and TA= T

MIN

to T

MAX

, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C.) (Note 1)

PARAMETER

CONDITIONS

UNITS

VCC = +5.0V 25

Sourcing
(MAX9100)

V

CC

= +1.2V 3

VCC = +5.0V 28

Output Short-Circuit Current I

SC

Sinking

V

CC

= +1.2V 3

mA

Output Open-Drain Leakage
Current (MAX9101)

I

LKG

VCC = +5.5V

0.2 µA

Power-Up Time t

PU

ns

Input Capacitance C

IN

3pF

Output Rise Time (MAX9100) t

rise

CL = 15pF

ns

Output Fall Time (Note 4) t

fall

CL = 15pF

ns

t

pd+

V

OVERDRIVE

= 50mV, VCC = +5.0V 3.4

t

pd-

V

OVERDRIVE

= 50mV, VCC = +5.0V 4.5

t

pd+

V

OVERDRIVE

= 50mV, VCC = +1.0V 3.3

Propagation Delay (Note 5)

t

pd-

V

OVERDRIVE

= 50mV, VCC = +1.0V 3.7

µs

Note 1: All specifications are 100% production tested at TA= +25°C. All temperature limits are guaranteed by design.
Note 2: Operation with V

CM

up to VCCis possible with reduced accuracy. See the Input Stage Circuitry and Rail-to-Rail

Operation section.

Note 3: Tested over the specified Input Common-Mode Voltage Range and with V

CC

= +5.5V.

Note 4: Specified with C

L

= 15pF for MAX9100/MAX9101, and with R

PULLUP

= 5kΩ for MAX9101.

Note 5: Input overdrive is defined above and beyond the offset voltage and hysteresis of the comparator input.

SYMBOL

MIN TYP MAX

0.02

250

100

100

Typical Operating Characteristics

(VCC= +5V, VCM= 0V, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

MAX9100/MAX9101

+1.0V Micropower SOT23 Comparators

4 _______________________________________________________________________________________

2

4

3

6

5

7

8

-40 10-15 356085

SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE

MAX9100 toc01

TEMPERATURE (°C)

I

CC

(µA)

VCC = +5V

VCC = +2V

VCC = +1V

0

200

100

400

300

500

600

01051520

OUTPUT-VOLTAGE LOW

vs. SINK CURRENT

MAX1900 toc02

I

LOAD

(mA)

V

OL

(mV)

VCC = +2V

VCC = +1V

VCC = +5V

VCC = +1.2V

0

200

100

400

300

500

600

01051520

OUTPUT-VOLTAGE HIGH

vs. SOURCE CURRENT

MAX1900 toc03

I

LOAD

(mA)

V

CC

- V

OH

(mV)

VCC = +2V

VCC = +1V

VCC = +1.2V

VCC = +5V

300

500

400

700

600

800

900

021345

INPUT BIAS CURRENT vs. V

CM

MAX9100 toc04

V

CM

(V)

I

BIAS

(nA)

-100

100

0

200

I

BIAS(-)

= I

BIAS(+)

4.5

5.5

5.0

6.5

6.0

7.0

7.5

13245

SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE

MAX9100 toc05

VCC (V)

I

CC

(µA)

V

OUT

= V

CC

V

OUT

= GND

VCM = V

CC

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

0.01 1 100.1 100

SUPPLY CURRENT

vs. OUTPUT TRANSITION FREQUENCY

MAX9100 toc06

f

CLK

(kHz)

I

CC

(µA)

VCC = +5V

VCC = +2V

VCC = +1V

2.5

3.0

4.0

3.5

4.5

5.0

0 10050 150 200 250

PROPAGATION DELAY (tpd+)

vs. INPUT OVERDRIVE

MAX9100 toc07

VOD (mV)

PROPAGATION DELAY (µs)

VCC = +5V

TA = +85°C

TA = +25°C, -40°C

2.5

3.0

4.0

3.5

4.5

5.0

04020 60 80 100

PROPAGATION DELAY (tpd+)

vs. INPUT OVERDRIVE

MAX9100 toc08

VOD (mV)

PROPAGATION DELAY (µs)

VCC = +2V

TA = +85°C

TA = +25°C

TA = -40°C

2.5

3.0

4.0

3.5

4.5

5.0

04020 60 80 100

PROPAGATION DELAY (tpd)+

vs. INPUT OVERDRIVE

MAX9100 toc09

VOD (mV)

PROPAGATION DELAY (µs)

VCC = +1V

TA = +85°C

TA = +25°C

TA = -40°C

MAX9100/MAX9101

+1.0V Micropower SOT23 Comparators

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 5

2.5

2.0

3.5

3.0

4.0

4.5

021 345

PROPAGATION DELAY vs. V

CM

MAX9100 toc10

VCM (mV)

PROPAGATION DELAY (µs)

t

pd-

t

pd+

PROPAGATION DELAY (tPD+)

OUT 500mV/div

MAX9100 toc11

1µs/div

IN+

50mV/div

VOD = 50mV

PROPAGATION DELAY (tPD-)

MAX9100 toc12

1µs/div

IN+

OUT

50mV/div

500mV/div

VOD = 50mV

PROPAGATION DELAY (tPD+)

MAX9100 toc13

1µs/div

IN+

OUT

50mV/div

2V/div

VOD = 50mV

PROPAGATION DELAY (tpd-)

MAX9100 toc14

1µs/div

IN+

OUT

50mV/div

2V/div

VOD = 50mV

POWER-UP DELAY

MAX9100 toc15

100ns/div

V

CC

OUT

2V/div

2V/div

VIN- = 0V
V

IN

+ = 100mV

Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(VCC= +5V, VCM= 0V, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

MAX9100/MAX9101

+1.0V Micropower SOT23 Comparators

6 _______________________________________________________________________________________

Detailed Description

The MAX9100/MAX9101 are low-power and ultra-low
single-supply voltage comparators. They have an oper­ating supply voltage range between +1.0V to +5.5V
and consume only 5µA of quiescent supply current,
while achieving 4µs propagation delay.

Input Stage Circuitry and

Rail-to-Rail Operation

The devices’ input common-mode range is fully speci­fied from 0 to (VCC- 0.2V), although full rail-to-rail input
range is possible with degraded performance. These
comparators may operate at any differential input volt­age within these limits. Input bias current is typically
±5nA if the input voltage is within the specified com­mon-mode range. Comparator inputs are protected
from overvoltage by internal diodes connected to the
supply rails. As the input voltage exceeds the supply
rails, these diodes become forward biased and begin

to conduct. Consequently, bias currents increase expo­nentially as the input voltage exceeds the supply rails.

True rail-to-rail input operation is also possible. For
input common-mode voltages from VCC- 0.2V to VCC,
the input bias current will typically increase to 800nA.
Additionally, the supply current will typically increase to
7µA. Otherwise, the device functions as within the
specified common-mode range. See graphs in the
Typical Operating Characteristics.

Output Stage Circuitry

The MAX9100/MAX9101 contain a unique output stage
capable of rail-to-rail operation. Many comparators
consume orders of magnitude more current during
switching than during steady-state operation. However,
with this family of comparators, the supply-current
change during an output transition is extremely small.
The Typical Operating Characteristics graph Supply
Current vs. Output Transition Frequency shows the min­imal supply-current increase as the output switching
frequency approaches 100kHz. This characteristic
reduces the requirement for power-supply filter capaci­tors to reduce glitches created by comparator switch­ing currents. This feature increases battery life in
portable applications.

Push-Pull Output (MAX9100)

The MAX9100 has a push-pull CMOS output. The out­put stage swings rail-to-rail under no-load conditions.
External load drive capability varies with supply voltage.

SWITCHING CURRENT

OUTPUT RISING

MAX9100 toc16

100mV/div

1mA/div

2µs/div

5V/div

VOD = 50mV

,

SWITCHING CURRENT,

OUTPUT FALLING

MAX9100 toc17

IN+

I

CC

100mV/div

1mA/div

2µs/div

OUT 5V/div

VOD = 50mV

RESPONSE TO SLOW TRIANGLE WAVEFORM

MAX9100 toc18

5.0ms/div

IN+

OUT

50mV/div

2V/div

Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(VCC= +5V, VCM= 0V, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

Pin Description

PIN

NAME

FUNCTION

1 6 OUT Comparator Output

24

Ground

3 3 IN+ Noninverting Input

4 2 IN- Inverting Input

—

N.C. No Connection

57VCCPositive Supply Voltage

SOT23-5 SO-8

GND

1, 5, 8

MAX9100/MAX9101

+1.0V Micropower SOT23 Comparators

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 7

Open-Drain Output (MAX9101)

The MAX9101 has an open-drain output, which can be
pulled up to +6.0V above ground independent of the
supply voltage. This is typically used with an external
pullup resistor, facilitating interface between mixed logic
voltages. Alternatively, multiple open-drain comparator
outputs can be connected in a wired-OR configuration.

Applications Information

Low-Voltage Operation: VCC= 1V

The minimum operating voltage is +1.0V. At lower sup­ply voltages, the input common-mode range remains
rail-to-rail, but the comparator’s output drive capability is
reduced and propagation delay increases (see the
Typical Operating Characteristics).

Internal Hysteresis

Hysteresis increases the comparators’ noise margin by
increasing the upper threshold and decreasing the
lower threshold (Figure 1). This hysteresis prevents the
comparator from providing multiple poles when driven
with a very-slow-changing signal.

Additional Hysteresis

These comparators have 1.0mV internal hysteresis.
Additional hysteresis can be generated with two resis­tors using positive feedback (Figure 2). Use the follow­ing procedure to calculate resistor values:

1) Calculate the trip points of the comparator using
these formulas:

and

V

TH

is the threshold voltage at which the comparator
switches its output from high to low as VINrises
above the trip point. VTLis the threshold voltage at
which the comparator switches its output from low to
high as VINdrops below the trip point.

2) The hysteresis band will be:

V

HYS

= VTH- VTL= V

CC

3) In this example, let VCC= +5V and V

REF

= +2.5V:

and

4) Select R2. In this example, we will choose 1kΩ.

5) Select V

HYS

. In this example, we will choose 50mV.

6) Solve for R1:

where R1 ≈ 100kΩ, VTH= 2.525V, and VTL= 2.475V.

Board Layout and Bypassing

A power-supply bypass capacitor is not normally
required, but 100nF bypass capacitors can be used
when the supply impedance is high or when the supply

0 050 5

1000

1 1000

. =

+

⎛

⎝

⎜

⎞

⎠

⎟

R

VV

R

RR

HYS CC

=

+

⎛

⎝

⎜

⎞

⎠

⎟

2

12

V

R

RR

TL

=−

+

⎛

⎝

⎜

⎞

⎠

⎟

25 1

2

12

.

V

R

RR

TH

=+

+

⎛

⎝

⎜

⎞

⎠

⎟

25 25

2

12

..

R

RR

2

12+

⎛

⎝

⎜

⎞

⎠

⎟

VV

R

RR

TL REF

=−

+

⎛

⎝

⎜

⎞

⎠

⎟

1

2

12

VV

VVR

RR

TH REF

CC REF

=+

−

()

+

⎛

⎝

⎜
⎜

⎜

⎞

⎠

⎟
⎟

⎟

2

12

THRESHOLDS

OUT

IN-

IN+

V

HYST

HYSTERESIS

BAND

VIN - V

HYST

VIN - +V

HYST/2

Figure 1. Threshold Hysteresis Band

Figure 2. Additional Hysteresis (MAX9100)

V

CC

R2

R2

V

REF

V

IN

V

GND

CC

OUT

MAX9100

MAX9100/MAX9101

+1.0V Micropower SOT23 Comparators

Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are
implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.

8 _____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600

© 2007 Maxim Integrated Products is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.

leads are long. Minimize signal lead lengths to reduce
stray capacitance between the input and output that
might cause instability.

Typical Application

Logic-Level Translator

3V to 5V

Figure 3 shows an application that converts 3V logic
levels to 5V logic levels. The push-pull output MAX9100
is powered by the +5V supply voltage, and the invert­ing input is biased to +1.5V with two resistors. This con­figuration allows a full 5V swing at the output,
maximizing the noise margin of the receiving circuit.

1V to 3V

Figure 4 shows an application that converts 1V logic
levels to 3V logic levels. The MAX9101 is powered by
the +1V supply voltage, and the pullup resistor for the
output is connected to the +3V supply voltage. The
inverting input is biased to +0.5V with two resistors.

Chip Information

TRANSISTOR COUNT: 393

PROCESS: BiCMOS

MAX9100

IN-

232kΩ

100kΩ

5V
LOGIC OUT

OUT

V

CC

+5V

GND

3V LOGIC IN

IN+

Figure 3. MAX9100 Logic-Level Translator

Figure 4. MAX9101 Logic-Level Translator

N.C.

IN-

N.C.

V

CC

N.C.

OUT

IN+

GND

SO-8

2

3

4

1

8

7

6

5

MAX9100
MAX9101

Pin Configurations (continued)

Revision History

Pages changed at Rev 1: 1–8

+1.0V

+3V

100kΩ

IN-

100kΩ

1V LOGIC IN

IN+

V

CC

GND

OUT

MAX9101

R

PULLUP

3V
LOGIC OUT