Datasheet MAX8860EUA28, MAX8860EUA27, MAX8860EUA25, MAX8860EUA18, MAX8860EUA30 Datasheet (Maxim)

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General Description

The MAX8860 low-noise, low-dropout linear regulator
operates from a +2.5V to +6.5V input and is guaran­teed to deliver 300mA. Typical output noise for this
device is 60µV

RMS

, and typical dropout is 105mV at
200mA. In addition to the six available preset output
voltages (+1.8V, +2.5V, +2.77V, +2.82V, +3.0V, and
+3.3V), the Dual Mode™ feature allows the device to
be configured as an adjustable output regulator from
+1.25V to +6.5V.

Designed with an internal P-channel MOSFET pass tran­sistor, the MAX8860 has a low 120µA supply current. An
output fault-detection circuit indicates loss of regulation.
Other features include a 10nA, logic-controlled shut­down mode, short-circuit and thermal-shutdown protec­tion, and reverse battery protection. The MAX8860 is
available in a miniature 8-pin µMAX package.

Applications

Wireless Handsets

DSP Core Power

PCMCIA Cards

Hand-Held Instruments

Palmtop Computers

Electronic Planners

Features

♦ High Output Current (300mA)

♦ Low Output Voltage Noise: 60µV

RMS

♦ Low 105mV Dropout at 200mA Output

♦ Low 120µA No-Load Supply Current

♦ Thermal-Overload and Short-Circuit Protection

♦ Reverse Battery Protection

♦ 10nA Logic-Controlled Shutdown

♦ FAULT

Indicator

♦ Small, Space-Saving µMAX Package

(1.1mm max height)

♦ Small 2.2µF Output Capacitor

Saves Space and Cost

MAX8860

Low-Dropout, 300mA

Linear Regulator in µMAX

________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1

1

2

3

4

8

7

6

5

FAULT

SHDN

CC

SETOUT

GND

IN

OUT

MAX8860

µMAX

TOP VIEW

Typical Operating Circuit

19-1422; Rev 1; 12/99

MAX8860EUA18

MAX8860EUA28 -40°C to +85°C

-40°C to +85°C 8 µMAX

8 µMAX

Pin Configuration

Ordering Information

Dual Mode is a trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.

MAX8860EUA33 -40°C to +85°C 8 µMAX

PART TEMP. RANGE

PIN-

PACKAGE

+1.80

+2.82

+3.30

V

OUT

(V)

+2.77MAX8860EUA27 -40°C to +85°C 8 µMAX

+2.50MAX8860EUA25 -40°C to +85°C 8 µMAX

MAX8860EUA30 -40°C to +85°C +3.008 µMAX

C2

2.2µF

OUTPUT
UP TO
300mA

FAULT­DETECT
OUTPUT

INPUT
+2.5V TO
+6.5V

C1

2.2µF

IN

MAX8860

SHDN

SET

GND

OUT

OUT

FAULT

CC

R1
100k

C3
33nF

MAX8860

Low-Dropout, 300mA
Linear Regulator in µMAX

2 _______________________________________________________________________________________

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(VIN= +3.6V, CCC= 33nF, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C.) (Note 1)

Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

IN, SHDN to GND .......................................................-7V to +7V

SHDN to IN ...............................................................-7V to +0.3V

SET, CC, FAULT to GND ..........................................-0.3V to +7V

OUT to GND .............................................. -0.3V to (V

IN

+ 0.3V)

FAULT Sink Current ...........................................................20mA

Continuous Output Current ..............................................330mA

Output Short-Circuit Duration ....................................Continuous

Continuous Power Dissipation (T

A

= +70°C)

8-Pin µMAX (derate 4.1mW/°C above +70°C) ............330mW

Thermal Resistance (θ

JA

)

8-Pin µMAX ............................................................+244°C/W

Operating Temperature Range

MAX8860EUA_ _ ...........................................-40°C to +85°C

Junction Temperature......................................................+150°C

Storage Temperature Range ............................-65°C to +150°C

Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec) ............................+300°C

I

OUT

= 100µA to 300mA

VIN= +2.5V to +6.5V, SET = OUT, I

OUT

= 1mA

I

OUT

= 300mA

I

OUT

= 200mA

I

OUT

= 1mA

DC average current rating

V

OUT

= 0, SHDN = GND

SET = GND

CONDITIONS

%/mA

0.0006

Load Regulation

0.0001

%/V-0.1 0.01 0.1Line Regulation

mV

155

Dropout Voltage (Note 4) 105 220

0.6

µA

0.05

Shutdown Supply Current

0.01 1

µA

165

Supply Current

120 270

3.24 3.3 3.35

V2.5 6.5Input Voltage (Note 2)

mA330 770Output Current Limit

mA300Maximum Output Current

1.230 1.248 1.267

UNITSMIN TYP MAXPARAMETER

V1.25 6.5

Adjustable Output Voltage
Range (Note 3)

TA= +25°C

MAX8860EUA33

TA= -40°C to +85°C 3.21 3.38

TA= +25°C

MAX8860EUA30

TA= -40°C to +85°C 2.92 3.08

2.95 3.00 3.05

TA= +25°C

MAX8860EUA28

TA= -40°C to +85°C 2.75 2.90

2.78 2.82 2.87

I

OUT

= 0

I

OUT

= 300mA

TA= +25°C

TA= +85°C

SET = OUT

SET = GND

SET Threshold Voltage V

SET = OUT, VIN= +2.5V to +6.5V,
I

OUT

= 1mA

1.220 1.275

TA= +25°C

TA= -40°C to +85°C

100µA < I

OUT

< 300mA,
VIN= V

OUT

+1V,

SET = GND

TA= +25°C

MAX8860EUA25

TA= +25°C

MAX8860EUA27

TA= -40°C to +85°C

TA= -40°C to +85°C

2.70 2.84

2.43 2.57

2.73 2.77 2.81

2.46 2.50 2.54

TA= +25°C

VOutput Voltage

MAX8860EUA18

TA= -40°C to +85°C 1.755 1.845

1.77 1.80 1.83

MAX8860

Low-Dropout, 300mA

Linear Regulator in µMAX

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)

(VIN= +3.6V, CCC= 33nF, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C.) (Note 1)

Note 1: Specifications to -40°C are guaranteed by design and not production tested.
Note 2: Guaranteed by line-regulation test.
Note 3: Adjustable mode only.
Note 4: The dropout voltage is defined as V

IN

- V

OUT

when V

OUT

is 100mV below the value of V

OUT

for VIN= V

OUT

+2V. Since the

minimum input voltage is 2.5V, this is applicable only for voltages of 2.5V or higher.

Note 5: The FAULT detection voltage is the difference from input to output voltage. Maintain the input above this level to ensure

good line and load regulation.

C

OUT

= 10µF, V

OUT

to 90% of final value

VIN= +2.5V, I

SINK

= 2mA

SHDN = GND or IN

V

SET

= +1.3V

CONDITIONS

µs120Start-Up Time

°C20Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis

°C170Thermal Shutdown Temperature

nA

0.01 100

0.01 100

V0.25

FAULT Output Low Voltage

nA

0.5

SHDN Input Bias Current

0.01 2.5
nA

0.5

SET Input Leakage Current (Note 3)

UNITSMIN TYP MAXPARAMETER

TA= +25°C

TA= +85°C

60

65

TA= +25°C

TA= +85°C

SET = GND, I

OUT

= 200mA mV130 280

FAULT Detection Voltage (Note 5)

Typical Operating Characteristics

(VIN= V

OUT

+ 0.5V, CIN= C

OUT

= 2.2µF, CCC= 33nF, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

-0.4

-0.2

0

0.2

0.4

NORMALIZED OUTPUT VOLTAGE

vs. LOAD CURRENT

MAX8860 toc01

LOAD CURRENT (mA)

OUTPUT VOLTAGE (%)

0 150 20050 100 250 300

V

OUT

NORMALIZED AT I

OUT

= 0

-0.3

-0.1

-0.2

0

0.2

0.1

0.3

NORMALIZED OUTPUT VOLTAGE

vs. TEMPERATURE

MAX8860 toc02

TEMPERATURE (°C)

OUTPUT VOLTAGE (%)

-40 20 40-20 0 60 80

I

OUT

= 0

I

OUT

= 100mA

I

OUT

= 200mA

V

OUT

NORMALIZED AT +25°C, I

OUT

= 0

0

40

120

100

80

60

20

160

140

200

180

0 10050 150 200 250 300

SUPPLY CURRENT vs. LOAD CURRENT

MAX8860 toc03

LOAD CURRENT (mA)

SUPPLY CURRENT (µA)

TA = +85°C

TA = +25°C

TA = -40°C

V

FAULT

= +3.6V

0.5

FAULT Output Off-Leakage Current

TA= +25°C

TA= +85°C

VIL, 2.5V ≤ VIN≤ 5.5V

VIH, 2.5V ≤ VIN≤ 5.5V

V0.4

V2.0

SHDN Input Threshold

C

OUT

= 2.2µF

C

OUT

= 10µF

I

OUT

= 10mA,

10Hz < f < 100kHz

C

OUT

= 100µF

10Hz < f < 100kHz, C

OUT

= 10µF

µV

RMS

190

55

Output Voltage Noise

nV√Hz

Output Voltage Noise Density

MAX8860

Low-Dropout, 300mA
Linear Regulator in µMAX

4 _______________________________________________________________________________________

Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(VIN= V

OUT

+ 0.5V, CIN= C

OUT

= 2.2µF, CCC= 33nF, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

0

60

40

20

100

80

180

160

140

120

200

0123456

NO LOAD SUPPLY CURRENT

vs. INPUT VOLTAGE

MAX8860 toc04

INPUT VOLTAGE (V)

SUPPLY CURRENT (µA)

TA = +85°C

TA = +25°C

TA = -40°C

20

60

40

120

100

80

160

0

140

180

0 10050 150 200 250 300

DROPOUT VOLTAGE vs. LOAD CURRENT

MAX8860 toc05

LOAD CURRENT (mA)

DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV)

TA = +85°C

TA = +25°C

TA = -40°C

0

50

150

100

200

250

0 10050 150 200 250 300

FAULT DETECT THRESHOLD

vs. LOAD CURRENT

MAX8860 toc06

LOAD CURRENT (mA)

FAULT DETECT THRESHOLD (mV)

FAULT = HIGH

FAULT = LOW

-70

-50

-60

-30

-40

-10

-20

0

0.01 10.1 10 100 1000

POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO

vs. FREQUENCY

MAX8860 toc07

FREQUENCY (kHz)

PSRR (dB)

200mA

I

LOAD

0

LOAD-TRANSIENT RESPONSE

MAX8860 toc10

400µs/div

V

OUT

20mV/div

VIN = V

OUT

+ 200mV

0.1 101 100 1000

OUTPUT NOISE SPECTRAL DENSITY

MAX8860 toc08

FREQUENCY (kHz)

NOISE (µV/√Hz)

0.01

0.1

1.0

10

C

OUT

= 2.2µF

C

OUT

= 10µF

I

LOAD

= 10mA

V

OUT

500µV/div

OUTPUT NOISE

(10Hz TO 1MHz)

MAX8860 toc09

1ms/div

I

LOAD

= 200mA

+4.3V

LINE-TRANSIENT RESPONSE

MAX8860 toc12

500µs/div

V

OUT

2mV/div

V

IN

+3.3V

I

LOAD

= 200mA

MAX8860

Low-Dropout, 300mA

Linear Regulator in µMAX

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 5

Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(VIN= V

OUT

+ 0.5V, CIN= C

OUT

= 2.2µF, CCC= 33nF, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

NAME

FUNCTION

1, 4 OUT Regulator Output. Bypass with 2.2µF, low-ESR capacitor to GND for stable operation.

PIN

Pin Description

4V

2V

0

4V

3V

2V

1V

0

POWER-UP RESPONSE

MAX8860 toc13

5ms/div

FAULT

V

OUT

V

IN

4V

2V

0

4V

3V

2V

1V

0

POWER-DOWN RESPONSE

MAX8860 toc14

2ms/div

V

OUT

V

IN

FAULT

4V

2V

0

3V

2V

1V

0

SHUTDOWN/POWER-UP

MAX8860 toc15

400µs/div

V

OUT

SHDN

2 IN Supply Input. Connect to power source (+2.5V to +6.5V). Bypass with 2.2µF capacitor to GND.

3 GND Ground

5 SET

Output Voltage Set. Connect to GND for internally set threshold. Connect to resistor-divider for adjustable
output voltages. See Output Voltage Selection section for more information.

6 CC Compensation Capacitor. Connect a 0.033µF capacitor from CC to GND.

7

SHDN Shutdown Input. Connect to IN for normal operation. Drive SHDN low to turn off the regulator.

8

FAULT

Fault Output. A high-impedance, open-drain output. When the MAX8860 is out of regulation, FAULT goes
low. In shutdown, the FAULT pin is high impedance. Connect to GND if unused.

Detailed Description

The MAX8860 is a low-dropout, low-quiescent-current
linear regulator designed primarily for battery-powered
applications. It supplies an adjustable +1.25V to
+6.5V output voltage or a fixed-voltage output of +1.8V
(MAX8860EUA18), +2.5V (MAX8860EUA25), +2.77V
(MAX8860EUA27), +2.82V (MAX8860EUA28), +3.0V
(MAX8860EUA30), or +3.3V (MAX8860EUA33) for load
currents up to 300mA. The devices with 2.77V and

2.82V nominal outputs are designed to guarantee mini­mum output voltages of 2.70V and 2.75V, respectively.
The device consists of a +1.25V reference, error amplifi­er, MOSFET driver, P-channel pass transistor, Dual
Mode comparator, fault detector, and internal-feedback
voltage divider (Figure 1).

The 1.25V bandgap reference is connected to the error
amplifier’s inverting input. The error amplifier compares

this reference to the selected feedback voltage and
amplifies the difference. The MOSFET driver reads the
error signal and applies the appropriate drive to the P­channel pass transistor. If the feedback voltage is lower
than the reference voltage, the pass-transistor gate is
pulled lower, allowing more current to pass and
increasing the output voltage. If the feedback voltage
is higher than the reference voltage, the pass-transistor
gate is driven higher, allowing less current to pass to
the output. The output voltage is fed back through
either an internal resistor voltage divider connected to
OUT, or an external resistor network connected to SET.
The Dual Mode comparator examines V

SET

and selects

the feedback path. If V

SET

is below 60mV, internal
feedback is used and the output voltage is regulated to
the preset output voltage. Additional blocks include an
output current limiter, reverse battery protection, a ther­mal sensor, a fault detector, and shutdown logic.

MAX8860

Low-Dropout, 300mA
Linear Regulator in µMAX

6 _______________________________________________________________________________________

Internal P-Channel Pass Transistor

The MAX8860 features a 0.5Ω typical P-channel
MOSFET pass transistor. This provides several advan­tages over similar designs using PNP pass transistors,
including longer battery life. PNP-based regulators
waste considerable amounts of current in dropout when
the pass transistor saturates. They also use high base­drive currents under large loads. The P-channel
MOSFET requires no base-drive current, which reduces
quiescent current considerably. The MAX8860 con­sumes less than 165µA of quiescent current whether in
dropout, light-load, or heavy-load applications (see
Typical Operating Characteristics).

Output Voltage Selection

The MAX8860 features Dual Mode operation: it operates
in either a preset voltage mode or an adjustable mode.
In preset voltage mode, internal, trimmed feedback
resistors set the output voltage to an adjustable +1.25V
to +6.5V output voltage or a fixed-voltage output of
+1.8V (MAX8860EUA18), +2.5V (MAX8860EUA25),
+2.77V (MAX8860EUA27), +2.82V (MAX8860EUA28),
+3.V (MAX8860EUA30), or +3.3V (MAX8860EUA33).
Select this mode by connecting SET to ground. In
adjustable mode, select an output between 1.25V and

6.5V using two external resistors connected as a voltage
divider to SET (Figure 2). Calculate the output voltage
with the following equation:

where V

SET

= 1.25V. To simplify resistor selection, use

the following equation:

R1 R2

V

V

1

OUT

SET

=−













VV

R

R

OUT SET

=+











1

1
2

SHUTDOWN

LOGIC

ERROR

AMP

1.25V
REF

P

OUT

CC

SET

FAULT

DUAL-MODE
COMPARATOR

60mV

GND

IN

SHDN

MAX8860

THERMAL

SENSOR

FAULT

DETECT

REVERSE
BATTERY

PROTECTION

MOS DRIVER

WITH I

LIMIT

Figure 1. Functional Diagram

Figure 2. Adjustable Output Using External Feedback
Resistors

MAX8860

OUT

SET

FAULT

GND

IN

SHDN

CC

C

OUT

2.2µF

C

IN

2.2µF

33nF

BATTERY

OUTPUT
VOLTAGE

R1

R2

100k

MAX8860

Low-Dropout, 300mA

Linear Regulator in µMAX

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 7

Choose R2 = 100kΩ to optimize power consumption,
accuracy, and high-frequency power-supply rejection.
Ensure that the total current through the external resis­tive feedback and load resistors is not less than 10µA.
Since the V

SET

tolerance is typically less than ±20mV,

set the output using fixed resistors instead of trim pots.

In preset voltage mode, connect SET to GND. Keep
impedances between SET and ground to less than
100kΩ. Otherwise, spurious conditions can cause V

SET

to exceed the 60mV Dual Mode threshold.

Shutdown

Drive SHDN low to place the MAX8860 in shutdown
mode. In shutdown mode, the pass transistor, control
circuit, reference, and all biases are turned off, reduc­ing the supply current to typically 10nA. Connect SHDN
to IN for normal operation.

Current Limit

The MAX8860 includes short-circuit protection. It includes
a current limiter that controls the pass transistor’s gate
voltage to limit the output current to about 770mA. For
design purposes, the minimum current limit is 330mA.

Thermal-Overload Protection

Thermal-overload protection limits total power dissipa­tion in the MAX8860. When the junction temperature
(TJ) exceeds +170°C, the thermal sensor sends a sig­nal to the shutdown logic, turning off the pass transistor
and allowing the IC to cool. The pass transistor turns on
again after the IC’s junction temperature typically cools
by 20°C, resulting in a pulsed output during continuous
thermal-overload conditions.

Thermal-overload protection is designed to protect the
MAX8860 against fault conditions. Stressing the device
with high-load currents and high input-output differen­tial voltages (which result in die temperatures above
+125°C) may cause a momentary overshoot (2% to 8%
for 200ms) when the load is completely removed.
Remedy this by raising the minimum load current from
0 (+125°C) to 100µA (+150°C). This is accomplished
with an external load resistor. For continuous operation,
do not exceed the absolute maximum junction tempera­ture rating of +150°C.

Operating Region and

Power Dissipation

Maximum power dissipation of the MAX8860 depends
on the thermal resistance of the case and circuit board,
the temperature difference between the die junction
and ambient air, and the rate of air flow. The power dis­sipated by the device is:

P = I

OUT(VIN

- V

OUT

)

The maximum power dissipation is:

P

MAX

= (T

JMAX

- TA) / θ

JA

where: T

JMAX

= +150°C

TAis the ambient temperature

θJA= 244°C/W

The MAX8860’s pins perform the dual function of provid­ing an electrical connection as well as channeling heat
away from the die. Use wide circuit-board traces and
large, solid copper polygons to improve power dissipa­tion. Using multiple vias to buried ground planes further
enhances thermal conductivity.

Reverse Battery Protection

The MAX8860 has a unique protection scheme that lim­its the reverse supply current to less than 1mA when
either V

IN

or V

S HDN

falls below GND. The circuitry
monitors the polarity of these two pins, disconnecting
the internal circuitry and parasitic diodes when the
applied voltage is reversed. This feature prevents the
device from overheating and damaging an improperly
installed battery.

Integrator Circuitry

The MAX8860 uses an external 33nF compensation
capacitor for minimizing load- and line-regulation errors
and for lowering output noise. When the output voltage
shifts due to varying load current or input voltage, the
integrator capacitor voltage is raised or lowered to
compensate for the systematic offset at the error ampli­fier. Compensation is limited to ±5% to minimize tran­sient overshoot when the device goes out of dropout,
current limit, or thermal shutdown.

Fault-Detection Circuitry

When the output voltage goes out of regulation—such
as during dropout, current limit, or thermal shutdown—
FAULT goes low. In addition, the fault-detection circuitry
detects when the input-to-output voltage differential is
insufficient to ensure good load and line regulation at
the output. When the input-to-output voltage differential
is less than 130mV for a load current of 200mA, FAULT
also goes low. The differential threshold is designed to
be always higher than and track with the dropout volt­age, and to scale proportionally with load current (see
Fault Detect Threshold vs. Load Current graph in the
Typical Operating Characteristics).

The FAULT pin is an open-drain N-channel MOSFET. To
create a voltage level output, connect a pull-up resistor
from FAULT to OUT. To minimize current consumption,
make this resistor as large as practical. A 100kΩ resistor
works well for most applications.

MAX8860

Low-Dropout, 300mA
Linear Regulator in µMAX

Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are
implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.

8 _____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600

© 1999 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.

VIN> +5.5V Minimum Load

Current Requirements

When operating the MAX8860 with an input voltage
above +5.5V, a minimum load current of 20µA is
required to maintain regulation in preset voltage mode.
When setting the output with external resistors, ensure
that the minimum current through the external feedback
resistors and load is at least 30µA. This applies only
when the input voltage exceeds +5.5V. For input volt­ages less than +5.5V, the MAX8860 maintains regula­tion and stability without external loading.

Applications Information

Capacitor Selection and

Regulator Stability

Typically, use a 2.2µF capacitor on the input and a

2.2µF capacitor on the output of the MAX8860.
Capacitor type is not critical, as long as it has an ESR
less than 0.5Ω. Larger capacitor values and lower ESR
provide better supply-noise rejection and transient
response. Use higher-value capacitors (10µF) if large,
fast input or load transients are anticipated or if the
device is located several inches from the power source.
For stable operation over the full temperature range,
with load currents up to 300mA, a minimum output­capacitor value of 2.2µF is recommended. There is no
upper limit to capacitor size. The circuit used to gener­ate the typical operating characteristics data used

2.2µF, X7R, 16V (1206) ceramic capacitors. These
capacitors typically have an ESR of 50mΩ.

Power-Supply Rejection and Operation

from Sources Other than Batteries

The MAX8860 is designed to deliver low dropout volt­age and low quiescent current in battery-powered sys­tems. Power-supply rejection is 67dB at low frequencies
and rolls off above 100kHz. At high frequencies, the out­put capacitor is the major contributor to the rejection of
power-supply noise (see the Power-Supply Rejection
Ratio vs. Frequency graph in the Typical Operating
Characteristics).

When operating from sources other than batteries,
improve supply-noise rejection and transient response
by increasing the values of the input and output capaci­tors, and by using passive filtering techniques (see the
supply and load-transient responses in the Typical
Operating Characteristics).

Load-Transient Considerations

The MAX8860 load-transient response graph (see
Typical Operating Characteristics) shows the output
response due to changing load current. Reduce over­shoot by increasing the output capacitor’s value and
decreasing its ESR.

Input-Output (Dropout) Voltage

A regulator’s minimum input-output voltage differential
(or dropout voltage) determines the lowest usable supply
voltage. In battery-powered systems, this determines the
useful end-of-life battery voltage. Because the MAX8860
uses a P-channel MOSFET pass transistor, its dropout
voltage is a function of R

DS(ON)

(typically 0.5Ω) multi-

plied by the load current (see Electrical Characteristics).

Chip Information

TRANSISTOR COUNT: 148