MAXIM MAX6650, MAX6651 Technical data

General Description
The MAX6650/MAX6651 fan controllers use an SMBus™/I2C-compatible interface to regulate and monitor the speed of 5VDC/12VDC brushless fans with built-in tachometers. They automatically force the fan’s tachome­ter frequency (fan speed) to match a preprogrammed value in the Fan-Speed Register by using an external MOSFET or bipolar transistor to linearly regulate the volt­age across the fan. The MAX6650 regulates the speed of a single fan by monitoring its tachometer output. The MAX6651 also regulates the speed of a single fan, but it contains additional tachometer inputs to monitor up to four fans and control them as a single unit when they are used in parallel.
The MAX6650/MAX6651 provide general-purpose input/output (GPIO) pins that serve as digital inputs, digital outputs, or various hardware interfaces. Capable of sinking 10mA, these open-drain inputs/outputs can drive an LED. To add additional hardware control, con­figure GPIO1 to fully turn on the fan in case of software failure. To generate an interrupt when a fault condition is detected, configure GPIO0 to behave as an active­low alert output. Synchronize multiple devices by set­ting GPIO2 (MAX6651 only) as an internal clock output or an external clock input.
The MAX6650 is available in a space-saving 10-pin µMAX
®
package, and the MAX6651 is available in a
small 16-pin QSOP package.
________________________Applications
RAID Desktop Computers
Servers Networking
Workstations Telecommunications
____________________________Features
Closed/Open-Loop Fan-Speed Control for
5V/12V Fans
2-Wire SMBus/I2C-Compatible Interface ♦ Monitors Tachometer Output
Single Tachometer (MAX6650) Up to Four Tachometers (MAX6651)
Programmable Alert OutputGPIOsHardware Full-On OverrideSynchronize Multiple FansFour Selectable Slave Addresses3V to 5.5V Supply VoltageSmall Packages
10-Pin µMAX (MAX6650) 16-Pin QSOP (MAX6651)
MAX6650/MAX6651
Fan-Speed Regulators and Monitors
with SMBus/I2C-Compatible Interface
________________________________________________________________
Maxim Integrated Products
1
19-1784; Rev 4; 7/10
Ordering Information
SMBus is a trademark of Intel Corp. µMAX is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
+
Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package.
Typical Operating Circuit
Pin Configurations appear at end of data sheet.
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
EVALUATION KIT
AVAILABLE
PART TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE
MAX6650EUB -40°C to +85°C 10 µMAX
MAX6650EUB+ -40°C to +85°C 10 µMAX MAX6651EEE -40°C to +85°C 16 QSOP MAX6651EEE+ -40°C to +85°C 16 QSOP
V
FAN
10kΩ
5V OR 12V
FAN
C
COMP
10μF
V
CC
3V TO 5.5V
2
C
SMBus/I
INTERFACE
LED
V
SCL
SDA
ALERT
GPIO0 OUT
FULL ON
GPIO1
CC
MAX6650
TACH0
FB
ADD
GND
MAX6650/MAX6651
Fan-Speed Regulators and Monitors with SMBus/I2C-Compatible Interface
2 _______________________________________________________________________________________
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC= 3.0V to 5.5V, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C and VCC= 5V.)
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
VCCto GND..............................................................-0.3V to +6V
FB, TACH_ ..........................................................-0.3V to +13.2V
All Other Pins..............................................-0.3V to (V
CC
+ 0.3V)
Output Voltages..........................................-0.3V to (V
CC
+ 0.3V)
Maximum Current
Into V
CC
, GND, V
OUT
...................................................100mA
Into All Other Pins ..........................................................50mA
Continuous Power Dissipation (T
A
= +70°C)
10-Pin µMAX (derate 5.6mW/°C above +70°C) ..........444mW
16-Pin QSOP (derate 8.3mW/°C above +70°C)..........667mW
Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C
Junction Temperature .....................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C
Soldering Temperature (reflow)
Lead(Pb)-free..............................................................+260°C
Containing lead(Pb) ....................................................+240°C
Input Low Voltage
Input Hysteresis V
HYS
200 mV
Tachometer Threshold V
TACH_
VFB+ 1.0 VFB+3
V
12V fan, 0 < VFB< 9V
PARAMETER SYMBOL MIN TYP MAX UNITS
Output Source Current I
SOURCE
50 mA
Output Sink Current I
SINK
10 mA
Output Voltage Range V
OUT
0.3 VCC- 0.3 V
VFB+ 0.5 VFB+1.5
Tachometer Input Impedance R
TACH_
70 100 150 kΩ
Supply Voltage V
CC
3.0 5.5 V
Supply Current I
CC
10 mA
DAC Differential Nonlinearity 5 LSB
Useful DAC Resolution 8 bits
Feedback Input Impedance R
FB
70 100 150 kΩ
Output Sink Current I
GPIO_
10 mA
CONDITIONS
Guaranteed monotonicity on FB (Note 1)
V
OUT
= VCC- 1.8V
Measured at FB (Note 1)
V
OUT
= 0.5V
I
OUT
= ±100µA
5V fan, 0 < VFB< 4.5V
0 < VFB < 9V
0 < V
TACH
< 9V
V
GPIO_
= 0.4V
Full-on mode, I
OUT
= 0
V
0.8V
IL(GPIO_)
Input High Voltage
V
2V
CC
3.6V
V
IH(GPIO_)
3V
CC
> 3.6V
Pullup Resistor R
GPIO_
100 kΩ
TACHOMETER INPUTS (TACH_)
FEEDBACK (FB)
GENERAL-PURPOSE INPUTS/OUTPUTS (GPIO_) (Note 2)
POWER SUPPLY (VCC)
OUTPUT (OUT)
MAX6650/MAX6651
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VCC= 3.0V to 5.5V, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C and VCC= 5V.)
TIMING CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC= 3.0V to 5.5V, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C and VCC= 5V.)
Fan-Speed Regulators and Monitors
with SMBus/I2C-Compatible Interface
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3
Selects slave address 1001 011 (Table 1)
Selects slave address 1001 000 (Table 1)
Selects slave address 0011 111 (Table 1)
Minimum resistance to GND, selects slave address 0011 011 (Table 1)
V
ADD
= 0.5V
CONDITIONS
VVCC- 0.05VV
IH(ADD)
ADD Input High Voltage
V0.1V
IL(ADD)
ADD Input Low Voltage
SMBus/I2C INTERFACE (SDA, SCL)
kΩ9.5 10.5R
ADD
ADD External Pulldown Resistor to GND
kΩ5R
OPEN
Open Resistance
µA40 80I
ADD
ADD Pullup Current
UNITSMIN TYP MAXSYMBOLPARAMETER
V
SDA
= 0.6V mA6I
SDA
Data Output Sink Current
VCC≤ 3.6V
V
2
V0.8V
IL
Input Low Voltage
0 < VIN< V
CC
µA±1Input Leakage Current
VCC> 3.6V 3
V
IH
Input High Voltage
mV200V
HYS
Input Hysteresis
ADDRESS SELECT (ADD)
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
µs500Minimum pulse durationGlitch Rejection
kHz254f
CLK
Clock Frequency
kHz0 400f
SCL
SCL Clock Frequency
µs1.3t
BUF
Bus Free Time Between Stop and Start Condition
Hold-Time Start Condition t
HD:STA
0.6 µs
µs1.3t
LOW
Low Period of the SCL Clock
High Period of the SCL Clock t
HIGH
0.6 µs
µs0 900(Note 3)t
HD:DAT
Data Hold Time
Data Setup Time t
SU:DAT
100 ns
ns20 + 0.1CB(pF) 300(Note 4)t
R
Rise-Time SDA/SCL Signal (Receiving)
Fall-Time SDA/SCL Signal (Receiving)
t
F
(Note 4) 20 + 0.1CB(pF) 300 ns
ns20 + 0.1CB(pF) 250I
SINK
< 6mA (Note 4) t
F
Fall-Time SDA Signal (Transmitting)
%-10 +10VCC= 5Vf
CLK
Clock Frequency Uncertainty
TACHOMETERS
GPIO2 (Note 2)
SMBus/I2C INTERFACE (Figures 3, 4)
MAX6650/MAX6651
Fan-Speed Regulators and Monitors with SMBus/I2C-Compatible Interface
4 _______________________________________________________________________________________
Typical Operating Characteristics
(TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
240
245
255
250
260
265
3.0 4.03.5 4.5 5.0 5.5
INTERNAL OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
MAX6650/51-01
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
FREQUENCY (kHz)
200
220
260
240
280
300
INTERNAL OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX6650/51-02
TEMPERATURE (°C)
FREQUENCY (kHz)
-50
050
100
VCC = 5.5V
VCC = 3.0V
2.0
2.1
2.3
2.2
2.4
2.5
FEEDBACK VOLTAGE
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX6650/51-03
TEMPERATURE (°C)
FEEDBACK VOLTAGE (V)
-50
050
100
1.9
1.8
VCC = 5.5V,
V
FAN
= 5.5V, V
FAN
= 12.0V
V
FAN
= 12.0V, V
FAN
= 5.5V
V
CC
= 3.0V
1.80
1.85
1.90
1.95
2.00
2.05
2.10
2.15
2.20
3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5
FEEDBACK VOLTAGE vs. SUPPLY
VOLTAGE (DAC SET TO 35)
MAX6650/51-04
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
FEEDBACK VOLTAGE (V)
V
FAN
= 5.5V
V
FAN
= 12.0V
2.0
2.4
2.2
2.8
2.6
3.0
3.2
3.6
3.4
3.8
3.0 3.4 3.8 4.2 4.63.2 3.6 4.0 4.4 4.8 5.0
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
MAX6650/51-05
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
1.5
2.0
3.0
2.5
3.5
4.0
-40 0-20 20 40 60 80 100
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX6650/51-06
TEMPERATURE (°C)
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
VCC = 5.5V
VCC = 3V
TIMING CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VCC= 3.0V to 5.5V, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C and VCC= 5V.)
Note 1: For proper measurement of V
FB
, connect OUT and FB as shown in the
Typical Operating Circuit
.
Note 2: GPIO2, GPIO3, and GPIO4 only in the MAX6651. Note 3: Note that the transition must internally provide at least a hold time to bridge the undefined region (300ns max) of SCL’s
falling edge.
Note 4: C
B
is the total capacitance of one bus line in pF. Tested with CB= 400pF. Rise and fall times are measured between 0.3 x
V
CC
and 0.7 x VCC.
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
µs
ns050
0.6
t
SPIKE
t
SU:STO
Setup Time for Stop Condition
Pulse Width of Spike Suppressed
PIN
MAX6650/MAX6651
Fan-Speed Regulators and Monitors
with SMBus/I2C-Compatible Interface
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 5
Detailed Description
The MAX6650/MAX6651 use an SMBus/I2C-Compatible interface to regulate and monitor the speed of 5VDC/12VDC brush-less fans with built-in open-collec­tor/drain tachometers. Regulating fan speed propor­tionally with temperature saves power, increases fan life, and reduces acoustic noise. Since fan speed is proportional to the voltage across the fan, the MAX6650/MAX6651 control the speed by regulating the voltage on the low side of the fan with an external MOS­FET or bipolar transistor.
The MAX6650/MAX6651 each contain two internal con­trol loops. The first loop controls the voltage across the fan. The internal digital-to-analog converter (DAC) sets the reference voltage for an internal amplifier (Figure 1), which then drives the gate of an external N-channel MOSFET (or the base of a bipolar transistor) to regulate the voltage on the low side of the fan. As the reference voltage provided by the DAC changes, the feedback amplifier automatically adjusts the feedback voltage, which changes the voltage across the fan.
The second control loop consists of the internal digital logic that controls the fan’s speed. The MAX6650/ MAX6651 control fan speed by forcing the tachometer frequency to equal a reference frequency set by the Fan-Speed Register, the prescaler, and the internal oscillator (see the
Fan-Speed Register
section). When the tachometer frequency is too high, the value of the DAC’s input register is increased by the regulator. Once the DAC voltage increases, the analog control loop forces the feedback voltage to rise, which reduces the voltage across the fan. Since fan speed is propor­tional to the voltage across the fan, the fan slows down.
2-Wire SMBus/I2C-Compatible
Digital Interface
From a software perspective, the MAX6650/MAX6651 appear as a set of byte-wide registers that contain speed control, tachometer count, alarm conditions, or configuration bits. These devices use a standard SMBus/I2C-compatible 2-wire serial interface to access the internal registers.
Pin Description
FUNCTIONNAME
PIN
MAX6650 MAX6651
Tachometer Input. Used to close the loop around the tachometer.TACH011
2, 3, 16
TACH2, TACH3,
TACH1
Tachometer Inputs. Used to monitor tachometers only.
GroundGND42
3 5 SDA 2-Wire Serial-Data Input/Output (open drain)
2-Wire Serial Clock InputSCL64
5 8 ADD Slave Address Select Input (Table 1)
General-Purpose Input/Output (open drain). Configurable to act either as an out­put or as an input (FULL ON or general purpose).
General-Purpose Input/Output (open drain). Configurable to act as a general input/output line or an active-low ALERT output.
General-Purpose Input/Output (open drain). Configurable to act as a general input/output line, an internal clock output, or an external clock input.
Output. Drives the external MOSFET or bipolar transistor.
+3.0V to +5.5V Power Supply
Feedback Input. Closes the loop around the external MOSFET or bipolar tran­sistor.
FB
V
CC
OUT
GPIO2
GPIO0
GPIO196
7 10
11
138
9 14
1510
7, 12 GPIO4, GPIO3 General-Purpose Input/Output (open drain)
MAX6650/MAX6651
Fan-Speed Regulators and Monitors with SMBus/I2C-Compatible Interface
6 _______________________________________________________________________________________
The MAX6650/MAX6651 employ three standard SMBus protocols: write byte, read byte, and receive byte (Figure 2). The shorter protocol (receive) allows quicker transfers, provided that the correct data register was previously selected by a write or read byte instruction. Use caution with the shorter protocol in multimaster systems, since a second master could overwrite the command byte without informing the first master.
Slave Addresses
The device address can be set to one of four different values. Accomplish this by pin-strapping ADD so that more than one MAX6650/MAX6651 can reside on the same bus without address conflicts (Table 1).
Figure 1. Block Diagram
Table 1. Slave Address Decoding (ADD)
BINARY
V
CC
1001 011
No connection (high-Z) 0011 011
10kΩ resistor to GND 0011 111
ADDRESS
ADD
1001 000GND
V
CC
V
3V TO 5.5V
SMBus/I
INTERFACE
2
C
CC
SCL
SDA
SMBus/I2C INTERFACE
FAN SPEED
CONFIGURE
ALARM ENABLE
ALARM STATUS
TACH COUNT
COUNT TIME
GPIO DEF
GPIO STATUS
DAC
MAX6650 MAX6651
TACHOMETER
COUNT
CONTROL
LOGIC
10kΩ
V
90kΩ
OFFSET
90kΩ
10kΩ
TACH0
OUT
V
= 5V OR 12V
FAN
FAN
FB
8-BIT
DAC
10kΩ
ADD
GND
ADDRESS
DECODE
GPIO0
V
REF
(FIGURE 5)
GPIO1
GPIO
BLOCKS
ALERT
FULL ON
MAX6650/MAX6651
Slave Address Command byte: Selects
which register you are writing to.
Data byte: Data goes into the register set by the command byte (to set thresholds, configuration masks, and sampling rate).
Figure 2a. SMBus Protocol: Write Byte Format
Slave Address Command byte: Selects
which register you are reading from.
Slave Address. Repeated due to change in data-flow direction
Data byte: Reads from the register set by the command byte.
Figure 2b. SMBus Protocol: Read Byte Format
Data byte: Reads data from the register com­manded by the last read-byte or write-byte transmission; also used for SMBus alert response return address.
Figure 2c. SMBus Protocol: Receive Byte Format
S = Start condition Shaded = Slave transmission WR = Write = 0 P = Stop condition ACK = Acknowledged = 0 RD = Read =1
A = Not acknowledged = 1
Fan-Speed Regulators and Monitors
with SMBus/I2C-Compatible Interface
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 7
COMMANDS
8 bits
PACKDATA
8 bits
WR
0
ACKADDRESS
7 bits
ACK
COMMANDS
8 bits
WR
0
ACKADDRESS
7 bits
ACK
S P
A
DATA
8 bits
RD
1
ADDRESS
7 bits
ACK
S P
A
DATA
8 bits
RD
1
ADDRESS
7 bits
ACK
Slave Address
MAX6650/MAX6651
Fan-Speed Regulators and Monitors with SMBus/I2C-Compatible Interface
8 _______________________________________________________________________________________
Figure 3. SMBus Write Timing Diagram
Figure 4. SMBus Read Timing Diagram
Command-Byte Functions
The 8-bit Command-Byte Register (Table 2) is the mas­ter index that points to the various other registers within MAX6650/MAX6651. The register’s power-on reset (POR) state is 0000 0000, so that a receive-byte trans­mission (a protocol that lacks the command byte) occurring immediately after POR returns the current speed setting.
Fan-Speed Register
In closed-loop mode, the MAX6650/MAX6651 use the Fan-Speed Register to set the period of the tachometer signal that controls the fan speed. The Fan-Speed Register is ignored in all other modes of operation. The MAX6650/MAX6651 regulate the fan speed by forcing the tachometer period (t
TACH
) equal to the scaled reg-
ister value. One revolution of the fan generates two
tachometer pulses, so the required Fan-Speed Register value (K
TACH
) may be calculated as:
t
TACH
= 1 / (2 x Fan Speed)
K
TACH
= [t
TACH
x K
SCALE
x (f
CLK
/ 128)] - 1
where the fan speed is in rotations per second (RPS), t
TACH
is the period of the tachometer signal, f
CLK
is the internal oscillator frequency (254kHz ±10%), and K
SCALE
is the prescaler value (see
Configuration-Byte
Register
). Since the fan speed is inversely proportional to the tachometer period, the Fan-Speed Register value (K
TACH
) does not linearly control the fan speed (Table
3). Select the prescaler value so the fan’s full speed is achieved with a register value of approximately 64 (0100 0000) to optimize speed range and resolution. The MAX6651 may be controlled by an external oscilla-
AB CDEFG HIJ
t
LOWtHIGH
SMBCLK
SMBDATA
t
t
HD:STA
SU:STA
A = START CONDITION B = MSB OF ADDRESS CLOCKED INTO SLAVE C = LSB OF ADDRESS CLOCKED INTO SLAVE D = R/W BIT CLOCKED INTO SLAVE E = SLAVE PULLS SMBDATA LINE LOW
t
SU:DAT
F = ACKNOWLEDGE BIT CLOCKED INTO MASTER G = MSB OF DATA CLOCKED INTO SLAVE H = LSB OF DATA CLOCKED INTO SLAVE I = SLAVE PULLS SMBDATA LINE LOW
SMBCLK
SMBDATA
AB CDEFG H
t
t
HIGH
LOW
t
HD:DAT
K
J = ACKNOWLEDGE CLOCKED INTO MASTER K = ACKNOWLEDGE CLOCK PULSE L = STOP CONDITION, DATA EXECUTED BY SLAVE M = NEW START CONDITION
I
t
SU:STO
J
L
t
BUF
K
M
t
SU:STAtHD:STA
A = START CONDITION B = MSB OF ADDRESS CLOCKED INTO SLAVE C = LSB OF ADDRESS CLOCKED INTO SLAVE D = R/W BIT CLOCKED INTO SLAVE
t
SU:DAT
E = SLAVE PULLS SMBDATA LINE LOW F = ACKNOWLEDGE BIT CLOCKED INTO MASTER G = MSB OF DATA CLOCKED INTO MASTER H = LSB OF DATA CLOCKED INTO MASTER
I = ACKNOWLEDGE CLOCK PULSE J = STOP CONDITION K = NEW START CONDITION
t
t
SU:STO
BUF
Loading...
+ 17 hidden pages