MAXIM MAX5038A, MAX5041A User Manual

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General Description

The MAX5038A/MAX5041A dual-phase, PWM controllers provide high-output-current capability in a compact package with a minimum number of external components. The MAX5038A/MAX5041A utilize a dual-phase, average-current-mode control that enables optimal use of low R

DS(ON)

MOSFETs, eliminating the need for exter-

nal heatsinks even when delivering high output currents.

Differential sensing enables accurate control of the output voltage, while adaptive voltage positioning provides optimum transient response. An internal regulator enables operation with input voltage ranges of +4.75V to +5.5V or +8V to +28V. The high switching frequency, up to 500kHz per phase, and dual-phase operation allow the use of low-output inductor values and input capacitor values. This accommodates the use of PC boardembedded planar magnetics achieving superior reliability, current sharing, thermal management, compact size, and low system cost.

The MAX5038A/MAX5041A also feature a clock input (CLKIN) for synchronization to an external clock, and a clock output (CLKOUT) with programmable phase delay (relative to CLKIN) for paralleling multiple phases. The MAX5038A/MAX5041A also limit the reverse current in case the bus voltage becomes higher than the regulated output voltage. The MAX5038A offers a variety of factory-trimmed preset output voltages (see Selector Guide) and the MAX5041A offers an adjustable output voltage between +1.0V to +3.3V.

The MAX5038A/MAX5041A operate over the extended temperature range (-40°C to +85°C) and are available in a 28-pin SSOP package. Refer to the MAX5037A and MAX5065/MAX5067 data sheets for a VRM 9.0/VRM 9.1compatible, VID-controlled, adjustable output voltage controller in a 44-pin MQFP/thin QFN or 28-pin SSOP package.

Applications

Servers and Workstations

Point-of-Load High-Current/High-Density Telecom DC-DC Regulators

Networking Systems

Large-Memory Arrays

RAID Systems

High-End Desktop Computers

Features

♦ +4.75V to +5.5V or +8V to +28V Input Voltage

Range

♦ Up to 60A Output Current

♦ Internal Voltage Regulator for a +12V or +24V

Power Bus

♦ True Differential Remote Output Sensing

♦ Two Out-Of-Phase Controllers Reduce Input

Capacitance Requirement and Distribute Power Dissipation

♦ Average-Current-Mode Control

Superior Current Sharing Between Individual Phases and Paralleled Modules

Accurate Current Limit Eliminates MOSFET and Inductor Derating

♦ Limits Reverse-Current Sinking in Paralleled

Modules

♦ Integrated 4A Gate Drivers

♦ Selectable Fixed Frequency 250kHz or 500kHz per

Phase (Up to 1MHz for Two Phases)

♦ Fixed (MAX5038A) or Adjustable (MAX5041A)

Output Voltages

♦ External Frequency Synchronization from 125kHz

to 600kHz

♦ Internal PLL with Clock Output for Paralleling

Multiple DC-DC Converters

♦ Thermal Protection

♦ 28-Pin SSOP Package

MAX5038A/MAX5041A

Dual-Phase, Parallelable, Average-Current-Mode

Controllers

________________________________________________________________Maxim Integrated Products 1

19-3034; Rev 0; 10/03

For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.

Ordering Information

Pin Configuration appears at end of data sheet.

PART TEMP RANGE

M A X5 0 3 8 A E AI12 -40°C to +85°C 28 SSOP Fixed +1.2

MAX5038AEAI15 -40°C to +85°C 28 SSOP Fixed +1.5

MAX5038AEAI18 -40°C to +85°C 28 SSOP Fixed +1.8

MAX5038AEAI25 -40°C to +85°C 28 SSOP Fixed +2.5

MAX5038AEAI33 -40°C to +85°C 28 SSOP Fixed +3.3

MAX5041AEAI -40°C to +85°C 28 SSOP

PINPACKAGE

OUTPUT

VOLTAGE

(V)

Adj +1.0 to +3.3

MAX5038A/MAX5041A

Dual-Phase, Parallelable, Average-Current-Mode Controllers

2 _______________________________________________________________________________________

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(VCC= +5V, circuit of Figure 1, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical specifications are at TA= +25°C.) (Note 1)

Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

IN to SGND.............................................................-0.3V to +30V

BST_ to SGND ........................................................-0.3V to +35V

DH_ to LX_ ................................-0.3V to [(V

BST

_ - VLX_) + 0.3V]

DL_ to PGND..............................................-0.3V to (V

CC

+ 0.3V)

BST_ to LX_ ..............................................................-0.3V to +6V

V

CC

to SGND............................................................-0.3V to +6V

V

CC

to PGND............................................................-0.3V to +6V

SGND to PGND .....................................................-0.3V to +0.3V

All Other Pins to SGND...............................-0.3V to (V

CC

+ 0.3V)

Continuous Power Dissipation (T

A

= +70°C)

28-Pin SSOP (derate 9.5mW/°C above +70°C) ..........762mW

Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C

Maximum Junction Temperature .....................................+150°C

Storage Temperature Range .............................-60°C to +150°C

Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C

SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS

Input Voltage Range V

Quiescent Supply Current I

Efficiency η I

OUTPUT VOLTAGE

Nominal Output Voltage Accuracy (Note 4)

SENSE+ to SENSE- Voltage Accuracy (Note 4)

STARTUP/INTERNAL REGULATOR

VCC Undervoltage Lockout UVLO VCC rising 4.0 4.15 4.5 V

VCC Undervoltage Lockout Hysteresis

VCC Output Accuracy VIN = +8V to +28V, I

MOSFET DRIVERS

Output Driver Impedance R

Output Driver Source/Sink Current

Nonoverlap Time t

OSCILLATOR AND PLL

Switching Frequency f

PLL Lock Range f

PLL Locking Time t

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

IN

Short IN and VCC together for +5V input operation

EN = VCC or SGND 4 10 mA

Q

= 52A (26A per phase) 90 %

LOAD

MAX5038A only, no load -0.8 +0.8

MAX5038A only, no load, V +4.75V to +5.5V or V (Note 2)

MAX5041A only, no load 0.992 1.008

MAX5041A only, no load, V +4.75V to +5.5V or V

Low or high output 1 3 Ω

ON

_, I

I

DH

_4A

DL

NO

SW

PLL

CDH_

CLKIN = SGND 238 250 262

CLKIN = V

_ = 5nF 60 ns

/DL

CC

= VCC =

IN

= +8V to +28V

IN

= VCC =

IN

= +8V to +28V

IN

= 0 to 80mA 4.85 5.1 5.30 V

SOURCE

828

4.75 5.5

-1 +1

0.990 1.010

200 mV

475 500 525

125 600 kHz

200 µs

V

%

V

kHz

MAX5038A/MAX5041A

Dual-Phase, Parallelable, Average-Current-Mode

Controllers

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)

(VCC= +5V, circuit of Figure 1, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical specifications are at TA= +25°C.) (Note 1)

)

CLKOUT Phase Shift (at f

CLKIN Input Pulldown Current I

CLKIN High Threshold V

CLKIN Low Threshold V

CLKIN High Pulse Width t

PHASE High Threshold V

PHASE Low Threshold V

PHASE Input Bias Current

CLKOUT Output Low Level V

CLKOUT Output High Level V

CURRENT LIMIT

Average Current-Limit Threshold V

Reverse Current-Limit Threshold V

Cycle-by-Cycle Current Limit V

Cycle-by-Cycle Overload Response Time

CURRENT-SENSE AMPLIFIER

CSP_ to CSN_ Input Resistance RCS_4kΩ

Common-Mode Range V

Input Offset Voltage V

Amplifier Gain A

3dB Bandwidth f

CURRENT-ERROR AMPLIFIER (TRANSCONDUCTANCE AMPLIFIER)

Transconductance gm

Open-Loop Gain A

DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE AMPLIFIER (DIFF)

Common-Mode Voltage Range V

DIFF Output Voltage V

Input Offset Voltage V

Amplifier Gain A

3dB Bandwidth f

Minimum Output Current Drive I

SENSE+ to SENSE- Input Resistance

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

= 125kHz)

SW

PHASE = V

φ

CLKOUT

PHASE = unconnected 85 90 95

PHASE = SGND 55 60 65

CLKIN

CLKINH

CLKINL

CLKIN

PHASEH

PHASEL

I

PHASEBIA

CLKOUTLISINK

CLKOUTHISOURCE

CSP_ to CSN_ 45 48 51 mV

CL

CLR

CLPK

t

CMR(CS

OS(CS

V(CS)

3dB

VOL(CE

CMR(DIFF

CM

OS(DIFF

CSP_ to CSN_ -3.9 -0.2 mV

CSP_ to CSN_ (Note 3) 90 112 130 mV

V

R

CSP

ca

No load 50 dB

V

SENSE+

MAX5038A (+1.2V, +1.5V, +1.8V output

V(DIFF

versions), MAX5041A

CC

= 2mA (Note 2) 100 mV

= 2mA (Note 2) 4.5 V

_ to V

_ = +150mV 260 ns

CSN

= V

= 0 0.6 V

SENSE-

115 120 125

357µA

2.4 V

0.8 V

200 ns

4V

-50 +50 µA

-0.3 +3.6 V

-1 +1 mV

18 V/V

4 MHz

550 µS

-0.3 +1.0 V

-1 +1 mV

0.997 1 1.003

MAX5038A (+2.5V and +3.3V output versions) 0.495 0.5 0.505

C

3dB

OUT(DIFF

_ 50 100 kΩ

R

VS

= 20pF 3 MHz

DIFF

1.0 mA

Degrees

1V

V/V

MAX5038A/MAX5041A

Dual-Phase, Parallelable, Average-Current-Mode Controllers

4 _______________________________________________________________________________________

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)

(VCC= +5V, circuit of Figure 1, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical specifications are at TA= +25°C.) (Note 1)

)

Note 1: Specifications from -40°C to 0°C are guaranteed by characterization but not production tested. Note 2: Guaranteed by design. Not production tested. Note 3: See Peak-Current Comparator section. Note 4: Does not include an error due to finite error amplifier gain (see the Voltage-Error Amplifier section).

VOLTAGE-ERROR AMPLIFIER (EAOUT)

Open-Loop Gain A

Unity-Gain Bandwidth f

EAN Input Bias Current I

Error-Amplifier Output Clamping Voltage

THERMAL SHUTDOWN

Thermal Shutdown T

Thermal-Shutdown Hysteresis 8 °C

EN INPUT

EN Input Low Voltage V

EN Input High Voltage V

EN Pullup Current I

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

VOL(EA

UGEA

B(EA)

V

CLAMP(EA

SHDN

ENL

ENH

EN

V

= +2.0V -100 +100 nA

EAN

With respect to V

CM

810 918 mV

3V

4.5 5 5.5 µA

70 dB

3 MHz

150 °C

1V

MAX5038A/MAX5041A

Dual-Phase, Parallelable, Average-Current-Mode

Controllers

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 5

Typical Operating Characteristics

(Circuit of Figure 1. TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

EFFICIENCY vs. OUTPUT CURRENT AND

EFFICIENCY vs. OUTPUT CURRENT

INTERNAL OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY

MAX5038A/41A toc01

η (%)

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

V

OUT

10

= 250kHz

f

SW

0

052

EFFICIENCY vs. OUTPUT CURRENT

100

90

80

70

η (%)

60

50

VIN = +5V V

OUT

40

052

= +1.8V

f = 500kHz

f = 250kHz

I

(A)

OUT

4844403632282420161284

EFFICIENCY vs. OUTPUT CURRENT

AND OUTPUT VOLTAGE

100

90

80

70

60

50

η (%)

40

30

20

VIN = +12V

10

f

SW

0

052

= 250kHz

V

OUT

= +1.5V

V

OUT

I

OUT

= +1.1V

(A)

V

= +1.8V

OUT

4844403632282420161284

MAX5038A/41A toc04

η (%)

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

VIN = +5V

10

= 500kHz

f

SW

0

052

AND INPUT VOLTAGE

VIN = +12V

VIN = +5V

= +1.8V

I

(A)

OUT

AND OUTPUT VOLTAGE

V

= +1.5V

OUT

V

= +1.1V

OUT

I

(A)

OUT

EFFICIENCY vs. OUTPUT CURRENT

100

90

80

MAX5038A/41A toc02

70

60

50

η (%)

40

30

20

VIN = +24V

= +1.8V

V

OUT

10

= 125kHz

f

SW

4844403632282420161284

0

052

I

(A)

OUT

SUPPLY CURRENT

vs. FREQUENCY AND INPUT VOLTAGE

12.0

11.5

11.0

10.5

4844403632282420161284

MAX5038A/41A toc05

(mA)

CC

I

10.0

9.5

9.0

8.5

8.0

7.5

7.0

6.5

6.0 100 600

V

= +1.8V

OUT

VIN = +24V

VIN = +5V

FREQUENCY (kHz)

VIN = +12V

EXTERNALCLOCK NO DRIVER LOAD

MAX5038A/41A toc03

4844403632282420161284

MAX5038A/41A toc06

550500400 450200 250 300 350150

SUPPLY CURRENT

vs. TEMPERATURE AND FREQUENCY

100

90

80

70

60

(mA)

50

CC

I

40

30

20

VIN = +12V

= 22nF

C

DL_

10

= 8.2nF

C

DH_

0

-40 85

250kHz

125kHz

TEMPERATURE (°C)

SUPPLY CURRENT

vs. TEMPERATURE AND FREQUENCY

175

150

MAX5038A/41A toc07

125

(mA)

100

CC

I

75

50

603510-15

25

600kHz

500kHz

VIN = +5V

= 22nF

C

DL_

= 8.2nF

C

DH_

-40 85

TEMPERATURE (°C)

603510-15

MAX5038A/41A toc08

(mA)

CC

I

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

115

SUPPLY CURRENT

vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE PER DRIVER

VIN = +12V

= 250kHz

f

SW

13117 953

C

(nF)

DRIVER

MAX5038A/41A toc09

MAX5038A/MAX5041A

Dual-Phase, Parallelable, Average-Current-Mode Controllers

6 _______________________________________________________________________________________

Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(Circuit of Figure 1, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

CURRENT-SENSE THRESHOLD

vs. OUTPUT VOLTAGE

MAX5038A/41A toc10

V

OUT

(V)

(V

CSP_

- V

CSN_

) (mV)

1.71.61.4 1.51.2 1.31.1

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

45

1.0 1.8

PHASE 2

PHASE 1

OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. OUTPUT CURRENT

AND ERROR AMP GAIN (R

F

/ RIN)

MAX5038A/41A toc11

I

LOAD

(A)

V

OUT

(V)

5045403530252015105

1.65

1.70

1.75

1.80

1.85

1.60 055

VIN = +12V V

OUT

= +1.8V

RF / RIN = 15

RF / RIN = 12.5

RF / RIN = 10

RF / RIN = 7.5

DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER BANDWIDTH

MAX5038A/41A toc12

FREQUENCY (MHz)

GAIN (V/V)

PHASE (DEGREES)

10.1

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

0

0.01 10

-225

-270

-180

-135

-90

-45

0

45

90

PHASE

GAIN

DIFF OUTPUT ERROR

vs. SENSE+ TO SENSE- VOLTAGE

MAX5038A/41A toc13

∆V

SENSE

(V)

ERROR (%)

1.91.81.1 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.61.4 1.7

0.025

0.050

0.075

0.100

0.125

0.150

0.175

0.200

0

1.0 2.0

VIN = +12V NO DRIVER

VCC LOAD REGULATION

vs. INPUT VOLTAGE

MAX5038A/41A toc14

ICC (mA)

V

CC

(V)

13512015 30 45 75 9060 105

4.85

4.90

4.95

5.00

5.05

5.10

5.15

5.20

4.80 0 150

VIN = +24V

VIN = +12V

VIN = +8V

DC LOAD

VCC LINE REGULATION

MAX5038A/41A toc15

VIN (V)

V

CC

(V)

262420 2212 14 16 1810

4.80

4.85

4.90

4.95

5.00

5.05

5.10

5.15

5.20

5.25

4.75 828

ICC = 0

ICC = 40mA

VCC LINE REGULATION

MAX5038A/41A toc16

VIN (V)

V

CC

(V)

131291011

4.80

4.85

4.90

4.95

5.00

5.05

5.10

5.15

5.20

5.25

4.75 8

ICC = 80mA

DRIVER RISE TIME

vs. DRIVER LOAD CAPACITANCE

MAX5038A/41A toc17

C

DRIVER

(nF)

t

R

(ns)

312616 21116

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

0

136

DL_

DH_

VIN = +12V f

SW

= 250kHz

DRIVER FALL TIME

vs. DRIVER LOAD CAPACITANCE

MAX5038A/41A toc18

C

DRIVER

(nF)

t

F

(ns)

312616 21116

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

0

136

DL_

DH_

VIN = +12V

f

SW

= 250kHz

MAX5038A/MAX5041A

Dual-Phase, Parallelable, Average-Current-Mode

Controllers

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 7

Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(Circuit of Figure 1, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

HIGH-SIDE DRIVER (DH_)

DH_

1.6A/div

CLKOUT

5V/div

PLLCMP

200mV/div

SINK AND SOURCE CURRENT

VIN = +12V

= 22nF

C

DH_

100ns/div

PLL LOCKING TIME

250kHz TO 500kHz AND

500kHz TO 250kHz

250kHz

0

100

µs/div

500kHz

MAX5038A/41A toc19

MAX5038A/41A toc22

VIN = +12V NO LOAD

DL_

1.6A/div

CLKOUT

5V/div

PLLCMP

200mV/div

0

VIN = +12V C

DL_

250kHz

VIN = +12V NO LOAD

LOW-SIDE DRIVER (DL_)

SINK AND SOURCE CURRENT

= 22nF

100ns/div

MAX5038A/41A toc20

PLL LOCKING TIME

250kHz TO 150kHz AND

150kHz TO 250kHz

100

MAX5038A/41A toc23

150kHz

µs/div

CLKOUT

5V/div

PLLCMP

200mV/div

PLL LOCKING TIME

250kHz TO 350kHz AND

350kHz TO 250kHz

250kHz

0

VIN = +12V NO LOAD

HIGH-SIDE DRIVER (DH_)

VIN = +12V

= 22nF

C

DH_

350kHz

100

µs/div

RISE TIME

40ns/div

MAX5038A/41A toc21

MAX5038A/41A toc24

DH_ 2V/div

HIGH-SIDE DRIVER (DH_)

FALL TIME

VIN = +12V

= 22nF

C

DH_

40ns/div

MAX5038A/41A toc25

DH_ 2V/div

LOW-SIDE DRIVER (DL_)

RISE TIME

VIN = +12V

= 22nF

C

DL_

40ns/div

MAX5038A/41A toc26

DL_ 2V/div

LOW-SIDE DRIVER (DL_)

FALL TIME

VIN = +12V

= 22nF

C

DL_

40ns/div

MAX5038A/41A toc27

DL_ 2V/div

MAX5038A/MAX5041A

Dual-Phase, Parallelable, Average-Current-Mode Controllers

8 _______________________________________________________________________________________

Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(Circuit of Figure 1, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

500ns/div

OUTPUT RIPPLE

MAX5038A/41A toc28

V

OUT

(AC-COUPLED) 10mV/div

VIN = +12V V

OUT

= +1.75V

I

OUT

= 52A

2ms/div

INPUT STARTUP RESPONSE

MAX5038A/41A toc29

VIN 5V/div

VIN = +12V

V

OUT

= +1.75V

I

OUT

= 52A

V

PGOOD

1V/div

V

OUT

1V/div

1ms/div

ENABLE STARTUP RESPONSE

MAX5038A/41A toc30

VEN 2V/div

V

PGOOD

1V/div

V

OUT

1V/div

VIN = +12V

V

OUT

= +1.75V

I

OUT

= 52A

40

µs/div

LOAD-TRANSIENT RESPONSE

MAX5038A/41A toc31

VIN = +12V V

OUT

= +1.75V

I

STEP

= 8A TO 52A

t

RISE

= 1µs

V

OUT

50mV/div

REVERSE-CURRENT SINK vs.

TEMPERATURE

MAX5038A/41A toc32

TEMPERATURE (°C)

I

REVERSE

(A)

603510-15

2.4

2.5

2.6

2.7

2.8

2.3

-40 85

V

EXTERNAL

= +3.3V

R1 = R2 = 1.5mΩ

V

EXTERNAL

= +2V

VIN = +12V V

OUT

= +1.5V

200

µs/div

REVERSE-CURRENT SINK

AT INPUT TURN-ON

MAX5038A/41A toc33

VIN = +12V V

OUT

= +1.5V

V

EXTERNAL

= 2.5V

R1 = R2 = 1.5mΩ

REVERSE CURRENT

5A/div

0A

200µs/div

REVERSE-CURRENT SINK

AT INPUT TURN-ON

MAX5038A/41A toc34

VIN = +12V V

OUT

= +1.5V

V

EXTERNAL

= 3.3V

R1 = R2 = 1.5mΩ

REVERSE CURRENT

10A/div

0A

200µs/div

REVERSE-CURRENT SINK

AT ENABLE TURN-ON

MAX5038A/41 toc35

VIN = +12V V

OUT

= +1.5V

V

EXTERNAL

= 2.5V

R1 = R2 = 1.5mΩ

REVERSE CURRENT

5A/div

0A

200µs/div

REVERSE-CURRENT SINK

AT ENABLE TURN-ON

MAX5038A/41 toc36

VIN = +12V V

OUT

= +1.5V

V

EXTERNAL

= 3.3V

R1 = R2 = 1.5mΩ

REVERSE CURRENT

10A/div

0A