MAXIM MAX5038, MAX5041 User Manual

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General Description

The MAX5038/MAX5041 dual-phase, PWM controllers
provide high-output-current capability in a compact
package with a minimum number of external compo­nents. The MAX5038/MAX5041 utilize a dual-phase,
average current-mode control that enables optimal use
of low R

DS(ON)

MOSFETs, eliminating the need for exter-

nal heatsinks even when delivering high output currents.
Differential sensing enables accurate control of the out-

put voltage, while adaptive voltage positioning provides
optimum transient response. An internal regulator
enables operation with input voltage ranges of +4.75V to
+5.5V or +8V to +28V. The high switching frequency, up
to 500kHz per phase, and dual-phase operation allow
the use of low-output inductor values and input capacitor
values. This accommodates the use of PC board­embedded planar magnetics achieving superior reliabili­ty, current sharing, thermal management, compact size,
and low system cost.

The MAX5038/MAX5041 also feature a clock input
(CLKIN) for synchronization to an external clock, and a
clock output (CLKOUT) with programmable phase delay
(relative to CLKIN) for paralleling multiple phases. The
MAX5038 offers a variety of factory-trimmed preset output
voltages (see Selector Guide) and the MAX5041 offers an
adjustable output voltage from +1.0V to +3.3V.

The MAX5038/MAX5041 operate over the extended
industrial temperature range (-40°C to +85°C) and are
available in a 28-pin SSOP package. Refer to the
MAX5037 data sheet for a VRM 9.0-compatible, VID­controlled output voltage controller in a 44-pin MQFP or
QFN package.

Applications

Servers and Workstations
Point-Of-Load High-Current/High-Density

Telecom DC-DC Regulators
Networking Systems
Large-Memory Arrays
RAID Systems
High-End Desktop Computers

Features

♦ +4.75V to +5.5V or +8V to +28V Input Voltage

Range

♦ Up to 60A Output Current
♦ Internal Voltage Regulator for a +12V or +24V

Power Bus

♦ True Differential Remote Output Sensing
♦ Two Out-Of-Phase Controllers Reduce Input

Capacitance Requirement and Distribute Power
Dissipation

♦ Average Current-Mode Control

Superior Current Sharing Between Individual
Phases and Paralleled Modules

Accurate Current Limit Eliminates MOSFET and
Inductor Derating

♦ Integrated 4A Gate Drivers
♦ Selectable Fixed Frequency 250kHz or 500kHz Per

Phase (Up to 1MHz for 2 Phases)

♦ Fixed (MAX5038) or Adjustable (MAX5041) Output

Voltages

♦ 0.5% Accurate Reference (MAX5041B)
♦ External Frequency Synchronization from 125kHz

to 600kHz

♦ Internal PLL with Clock Output for Paralleling

Multiple DC-DC Converters

♦ Thermal Protection
♦ 28-Pin SSOP Package

MAX5038/MAX5041

Dual-Phase, Parallelable, Average Current-Mode

Controllers

________________________________________________________________Maxim Integrated Products 1

19-2514; Rev 3; 8/04

For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at
1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.

Ordering Information

PART

TEMP RANGE

PIN-

OUTPUT

VOLTAGE

MAX5038EAI12

Fixed +1.2V

MAX5038EAI15

Fixed +1.5V

MAX5038EAI18

Fixed +1.8V

MAX5038EAI25

Fixed +2.5V

MAX5038EAI33

Fixed +3.3V

MAX5041EAI

Adj +1.0V to
+3.3V

MAX5041BEAI

Adj +1.0V to
+3.3V

Pin Configuration appears at end of data sheet.

PACKAGE

-40°C to +85°C 28 SSOP

-40°C to +85°C 28 SSOP

-40°C to +85°C 28 SSOP

-40°C to +85°C 28 SSOP

-40°C to +85°C 28 SSOP

-40°C to +85°C 28 SSOP

-40°C to +85°C 28 SSOP

MAX5038/MAX5041

Dual-Phase, Parallelable, Average Current-Mode
Controllers

2 _______________________________________________________________________________________

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(VCC= +5V, circuit of Figure 1, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical specifications are at TA= +25°C.) (Note 1)

Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

IN to SGND.............................................................-0.3V to +30V

BST_ to SGND…………………………………….…-0.3V to +35V

DH_ to LX_ ................................-0.3V to [(V

BST

_ - VLX_) + 0.3V]

DL_ to PGND..............................................-0.3V to (V

CC

+ 0.3V)

BST_ to LX_..............................................................-0.3V to +6V

V

CC

to SGND............................................................-0.3V to +6V

V

CC

to PGND............................................................-0.3V to +6V

SGND to PGND.....................................................-0.3V to +0.3V

All Other Pins to SGND...............................-0.3V to (V

CC

+ 0.3V)

Continuous Power Dissipation (T

A

= +70°C)

28-Pin SSOP (derate 9.5mW/°C above +70°C) ............762mW

Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C

Maximum Junction Temperature .....................................+150°C

Storage Temperature Range.............................-60°C to +150°C

Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s).................................+300°C

PARAMETER

CONDITIONS

UNITS

SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS

828

Input Voltage Range V

IN

Short IN and VCC together for +5V input
operation

5.5

V

Quiescent Supply Current I

Q

EN = VCC or SGND 4 10 mA

Efficiency η I

LOAD

= 52A (26A per phase) 90 %

OUTPUT VOLTAGE

MAX5038 only, no load
Nominal Output Voltage
Accuracy

MAX5038 only, no load, V

IN

= VCC =

+4.75V to +5.5V or V

IN

= +8V to +28V

(Note 2)

-1 +1

%

MAX5041 only, no load

MAX5041 only, no load, VIN = VCC =

+4.75V to +5.5V or V

IN

= +8V to +28V

MAX5041B only, no load

SENSE+ to SENSE- Voltage
Accuracy

MAX5041B only, no load,

V

IN

= +8V to +28V

V

STARTUP/INTERNAL REGULATOR

VCC Undervoltage Lockout UVLO VCC falling 4.0

4.5 V

VCC Undervoltage Lockout
Hysteresis

mV

VCC Output Accuracy VIN = +8V to +28V, I

SOURCE

= 0 to 80mA

5.1

V

MOSFET DRIVERS

Output Driver Impedance R

ON

Low or high output 1 3 Ω

Output Driver Source/Sink
Current

4A

Non-Overlap Time t

NO

CDH_

/DL

_ = 5nF 60 ns

SYMBOL

MIN TYP MAX

4.75

IDH_, IDL_

-0.8 +0.8

0.992 1.008

0.990 1.010

0.995 1.005

0.995 1.005

4.85

4.15
200

5.30

MAX5038/MAX5041

Dual-Phase, Parallelable, Average Current-Mode

Controllers

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)

(VCC= +5V, circuit of Figure 1, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical specifications are at TA= +25°C.) (Note 1)

PARAMETER

SYMBOL

CONDITIONS

MIN

TYP

MAX

UNITS

OSCILLATOR AND PLL

CLKIN = SGND

262

Switching Frequency f

SW

CLKIN = V

CC

525

kHz

PLL Lock Range f

PLL

600 kHz

PLL Locking Time t

PLL

µs

PHASE = V

CC

125

PHASE = unconnected 85 90 95

CLKOUT Phase Shift
(at f

SW

= 125kHz)

φ

PHASE = SGND 55 60 65

degrees

CLKIN Input Pulldown Current I

CLKIN

357µA

CLKIN High Threshold

2.4 V

CLKIN Low Threshold

0.8 V

CLKIN High Pulse Width t

CLKIN

ns

PHASE High Threshold

4V

PHASE Low Threshold

1V

PHASE Input Bias Current

I

PHASEBIA

-50

µA

CLKOUT Output Low Level

I

SINK

= 2mA (Note 2) 100 mV

CLKOUT Output High Level

I

SOURCE

= 2mA (Note 2) 4.5 V

CURRENT LIMIT

Average Current-Limit Threshold

V

CL

CSP_ to CSN_ 45 48 51 mV

Cycle-by-Cycle Current Limit V

CLPK

CSP_ to CSN_ (Note 3) 90

130 mV

Cycle-by-Cycle Overload
Response Time

t

R

V

CSP

_ to V

CSN

_ = +150mV

ns

CURRENT-SENSE AMPLIFIER

CSP_ to CSN_ Input Resistance RCS_4kΩ
Common-Mode Range

)

V

Input Offset Voltage

)

-1 +1 mV

Amplifier Gain A

V(CS)

18 V/V

3dB Bandwidth f

3dB

4 MHz

CURRENT-ERROR AMPLIFIER (TRANSCONDUCTANCE AMPLIFIER)

Transconductance gm

ca

µS

Open-Loop Gain

)

No load 50 dB

DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE AMPLIFIER (DIFF)

Common-Mode Voltage Range

)

V

DIFF Output Voltage V

CM

V

SENSE+

= V

SENSE-

= 0 0.6 V

Input Offset Voltage

)

-1 +1 mV

MAX5038/MAX5041 (+1.2V, +1.5V, +1.8V
output versions)

1

Amplifier Gain

)

MAX5038 (+2.5V and +3.3V output versions)

0.5

V/V

238 250
475 500
125

200

115 120

CLKOUT

V

CLKINH

V

CLKINL

V

PHASEH

V

PHASEL

V

CLKOUTL

V

CLKOUTH

V

CMR(CS

V

OS(CS

A

VOL(CE

V

CMR(DIFF

V

OS(DIFF

A

V(DIFF

200

112
260

-0.3 +3.6

550

-0.3 +1.0

0.997

0.495

+50

1.003

0.505

MAX5038/MAX5041

Dual-Phase, Parallelable, Average Current-Mode
Controllers

4 _______________________________________________________________________________________

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)

(VCC= +5V, circuit of Figure 1, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical specifications are at TA= +25°C.) (Note 1)

PARAMETER

CONDITIONS

UNITS

3dB Bandwidth f

3dB

C

DIFF

= 20pF 3 MHz

Minimum Output Current Drive

)

1.0 mA

SENSE+ to SENSE- Input
Resistance

R

VS

_50

kΩ

VOLTAGE-ERROR AMPLIFIER (EAOUT)

Open-Loop Gain

)

70 dB

Unity-Gain Bandwidth f

UGEA

3MHz

EAN Input Bias Current I

B(EA)

V

EAN

= +2.0V

nA

Error-Amplifier Output Clamping
Voltage

)

With respect to V

CM

918 mV

THERMAL SHUTDOWN

Thermal Shutdown T

SHDN

°C

Thermal-Shutdown Hysteresis 8°C

EN INPUT

EN Input Low Voltage V

ENL

1V

EN Input High Voltage V

ENH

3V

EN Pullup Current I

EN

4.5 5 5.5 µA

Note 1: Specifications from -40°C to 0°C are guaranteed by characterization but not production tested.
Note 2: Guaranteed by design. Not production tested.
Note 3: See Peak-Current Comparator section.

SYMBOL

I

OUT(DIFF

A

VOL(EA

MIN TYP MAX

100

-100 +100

V

CLAMP(EA

810

150

MAX5038/MAX5041

Dual-Phase, Parallelable, Average Current-Mode

Controllers

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 5

EFFICIENCY vs. OUTPUT CURRENT AND

INTERNAL OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY

MAX5038/41 toc01

I

OUT

(A)

η (%)

4844403632282420161284

50

60

70

80

90

100

40

052

f = 500kHz

f = 250kHz

VIN = +5V
V

OUT

= +1.8V

EFFICIENCY vs. OUTPUT CURRENT

AND INPUT VOLTAGE

MAX5038/41 toc02

I

OUT

(A)

η (%)

4844403632282420161284

50
40
30
20
10

60

70

80

90

100

0

052

VIN = +12V

VIN = +5V

V

OUT

= +1.8V

f

SW

= 250kHz

EFFICIENCY vs. OUTPUT CURRENT

MAX5038/41 toc03

I

OUT

(A)

η (%)

4844403632282420161284

50
40
30
20
10

60

70

80

90

100

0

052

VIN = +24V
V

OUT

= +1.8V

f

SW

= 125kHz

EFFICIENCY vs. OUTPUT CURRENT

AND OUTPUT VOLTAGE

MAX5038/41 toc04

I

OUT

(A)

η (%)

4844403632282420161284

50
40
30
20
10

60

70

80

90

100

0

052

V

OUT

= +1.1V

V

OUT

= +1.5V

V

OUT

= +1.8V

VIN = +12V
f

SW

= 250kHz

EFFICIENCY vs. OUTPUT CURRENT

AND OUTPUT VOLTAGE

MAX5038/41 toc05

I

OUT

(A)

η (%)

4844403632282420161284

50
40
30
20
10

60

70

80

90

100

0

052

V

OUT

= +1.1V

V

OUT

= +1.5V

V

OUT

= +1.8V

VIN = +5V
f

SW

= 500kHz

SUPPLY CURRENT

vs. FREQUENCY AND INPUT VOLTAGE

MAX5038/41 toc06

FREQUENCY (kHz)

I

CC

(mA)

550500400 450200 250 300 350150

6.5

7.0

7.5

8.0

8.5

9.0

9.5

10.0

10.5

11.0

11.5

12.0

6.0
100 600

VIN = +24V

VIN = +12V

VIN = +5V

EXTERNALCLOCK
NO DRIVER LOAD

SUPPLY CURRENT

vs. TEMPERATURE AND FREQUENCY

MAX5038/41 toc07

TEMPERATURE (°C)

I

CC

(mA)

603510-15

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0

-40 85

250kHz

125kHz

VIN = +12V
C

DL_

= 22nF

C

DH_

= 8.2nF

SUPPLY CURRENT

vs. TEMPERATURE AND FREQUENCY

MAX5038/41 toc08

TEMPERATURE (°C)

I

CC

(mA)

603510-15

50

75

100

125

150

175

25

-40 85

600kHz

500kHz

VIN = +5V
C

DL_

= 22nF

C

DH_

= 8.2nF

SUPPLY CURRENT

vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE PER DRIVER

MAX5038/41 toc09

C

DRIVER

(nF)

I

CC

(mA)

13117 953

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0

115

VIN = +12V
f

SW

= 250kHz

Typical Operating Characteristics

(Circuit of Figure 1. TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

MAX5038/MAX5041

Dual-Phase, Parallelable, Average Current-Mode
Controllers

6 _______________________________________________________________________________________

Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(Circuit of Figure 1, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

CURRENT-SENSE THRESHOLD

vs. OUTPUT VOLTAGE

MAX5038/41 toc10

V

OUT

(V)

(V

CSP_

- V

CSN_

) (mV)

1.71.61.4 1.51.2 1.31.1

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

45

1.0 1.8

PHASE 2

PHASE 1

OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. OUTPUT CURRENT

AND ERROR AMP GAIN (R

F

/ RIN)

MAX5038/41 toc11

I

LOAD

(A)

V

OUT

(V)

5045403530252015105

1.65

1.70

1.75

1.80

1.85

1.60
055

VIN = +12V
V

OUT

= +1.8V

RF / RIN = 15

RF / RIN = 12.5

RF / RIN = 10

RF / RIN = 7.5

DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER BANDWIDTH

MAX5038/41 toc12

FREQUENCY (MHz)

GAIN (V/V)

PHASE (deg)

10.1

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

0

0.01 10

-225

-270

-180

-135

-90

-45

0

45

90

PHASE

GAIN

DIFF OUTPUT ERROR

vs. SENSE+ TO SENSE- VOLTAGE

MAX5038/41 toc13

∆V

SENSE

(V)

ERROR (%)

1.91.81.1 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.61.4 1.7

0.025

0.050

0.075

0.100

0.125

0.150

0.175

0.200

0

1.0 2.0

VIN = +12V
NO DRIVER

VCC LOAD REGULATION

vs. INPUT VOLTAGE

MAX5038/41 toc14

ICC (mA)

V

CC

(V)

13512015 30 45 75 9060 105

4.85

4.90

4.95

5.00

5.05

5.10

5.15

5.20

4.80
0 150

VIN = +24V

VIN = +12V

VIN = +8V

DC LOAD

VCC LINE REGULATION

MAX5038/41 toc15

VIN (V)

V

CC

(V)

262420 2212 14 16 1810

4.80

4.85

4.90

4.95

5.00

5.05

5.10

5.15

5.20

5.25

4.75
828

ICC = 0

ICC = 40mA

VCC LINE REGULATION

MAX5038/41 toc16

VIN (V)

V

CC

(V)

13.012.09.0 10.0 11.0

4.80

4.85

4.90

4.95

5.00

5.05

5.10

5.15

5.20

5.25

4.75

8.0

ICC = 80mA

DRIVER RISE TIME

vs. DRIVER LOAD CAPACITANCE

MAX5038/41 toc17

C

DRIVER

(nF)

t

R

(ns)

312616 21116

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

0

136

DL_

DH_

VIN = +12V
f

SW

= 250kHz

DRIVER FALL TIME

vs. DRIVER LOAD CAPACITANCE

MAX5038/41 toc18

C

DRIVER

(nF)

t

F

(ns)

312616 21116

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

0

136

DL_

DH_

VIN = +12V

f

SW

= 250kHz

MAX5038/MAX5041

Dual-Phase, Parallelable, Average Current-Mode

Controllers

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 7

100ns/div

HIGH-SIDE DRIVER (DH_)

SINK AND SOURCE CURRENT

DH_

1.6A/div

MAX5038/41 toc19

VIN = +12V
C

DH_

= 22nF

100ns/div

LOW-SIDE DRIVER (DL_)

SINK AND SOURCE CURRENT

DL_

1.6A/div

MAX5038/41 toc20

VIN = +12V
C

DL_

= 22nF

100µs/div

PLL LOCKING TIME

250kHz TO 350kHz AND

350kHz TO 250kHz

CLKOUT

5V/div

MAX5038/41 toc21

PLLCMP

200mV/div

VIN = +12V
NO LOAD

350kHz

250kHz

0

100µs/div

PLL LOCKING TIME

250kHz TO 500kHz AND

500kHz TO 250kHz

CLKOUT

5V/div

MAX5038/41 toc22

PLLCMP

200mV/div

0

VIN = +12V
NO LOAD

500kHz

250kHz

100µs/div

PLL LOCKING TIME

250kHz TO 150kHz AND

150kHz TO 250kHz

CLKOUT

5V/div

MAX5038/41 toc23

PLLCMP

200mV/div

0

VIN = +12V
NO LOAD

250kHz

150kHz

40ns/div

HIGH-SIDE DRIVER (DH_)

RISE TIME

MAX5038/41 toc24

VIN = +12V
C

DH_

= 22nF

DH_
2V/div

40ns/div

HIGH-SIDE DRIVER (DH_)

FALL TIME

MAX5038/41 toc25

DH_
2V/div

VIN = +12V
C

DH_

= 22nF

40ns/div

LOW-SIDE DRIVER (DL_)

RISE TIME

MAX5038/41 toc26

DL_
2V/div

VIN = +12V
C

DL_

= 22nF

40ns/div

LOW-SIDE DRIVER (DL_)

FALL TIME

MAX5038/41 toc27

DL_
2V/div

VIN = +12V
C

DL_

= 22nF

Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(Circuit of Figure 1, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

MAX5038/MAX5041

Dual-Phase, Parallelable, Average Current-Mode
Controllers

8 _______________________________________________________________________________________

Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(Circuit of Figure 1, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

500ns/div

OUTPUT RIPPLE

MAX5038/41 toc28

V

OUT

(AC-COUPLED)
10mV/div

VIN = +12V
V

OUT

= +1.75V

I

OUT

= 52A

2ms/div

INPUT STARTUP RESPONSE

MAX5038/41 toc29

VIN
5V/div

VIN = +12V

V

OUT

= +1.75V

I

OUT

= 52A

V

PGOOD

1V/div

V

OUT

1V/div

1ms/div

ENABLE STARTUP RESPONSE

MAX5038/41 toc30

VEN
2V/div

V

PGOOD

1V/div

V

OUT

1V/div

VIN = +12V

V

OUT

= +1.75V

I

OUT

= 52A

40µs/div

LOAD-TRANSIENT RESPONSE

MAX5038/41 toc31

VIN = +12V
V

OUT

= +1.75V

I

STEP

= 8A TO 52A

t

RISE

= 1µs

V

OUT

50mV/div