The MAX456 is the first monolithic CMOS 8 x 8 video
crosspoint switch that significantly reduces component
count, board space, and cost. The crosspoint switch
contains a digitally controlled matrix of 64 T-switches
that connect eight video input signals to any, or all, output channels. Each matrix output connects to eight
internal, high-speed (250V/µs), unity-gain-stable buffers
capable of driving 400Ω and 20pF to ±1.3V. For applications requiring increased drive capability, the
MAX456 outputs can be connected directly to two
MAX470 quad, gain-of-two video buffers, which are
capable of driving 75Ω loads.
Three-state output capability and internal, programmable active loads make it feasible to parallel multiple
MAX456s and form larger switch matrices.
In the 40-pin DIP package, crosstalk (70dB at 5MHz) is
minimized, and board area and complexity are simplified by using a straight-through pinout. The analog
inputs and outputs are on opposite sides, and each
channel is separated by a power-supply line or quiet
digital logic line.
________________________Applications
Video Test Equipment
Video Security Systems
Video Editing
________Typical Application Circuit
8 INPUT CHANNELS
MAX470
= 2
A
V
75Ω
WR
OUTPUT
SELECT
INPUT
SELECT
SERIAL
LATCH
MAX456
A2
A1
A0
8 X 8
T-SWITCH
MATRIX
D3
D2
OR
D1/SER OUT
D0/SER IN
I/O
AV = 2
MAX470
75Ω
____________________________Features
♦ Routes Any Input Channel to Any Output Channel
♦ Switches Standard Video Signals
♦ Serial or Parallel Digital Interface
♦ Expandable for Larger Switch Matrices
♦ 80dB All-Channel Off Isolation at 5MHz
♦ 8 Internal Buffers with:
Not Exceeding Package Power Dissipation.............Indefinite
Analog Input Voltage............................(V+ + 0.3V) to (V- - 0.3V)
MAX456
Digital Input Voltage.............................(V+ + 0.3V) to (V- - 0.3V)
Input Current, Power On or Off
Digital Inputs.................................................................±20mA
Analog Inputs ...............................................................±50mA
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Operating Supply Voltage±4.5±5.5V
Supply Current, All Buffers On
(No External Load)
Supply Current, All Buffers Off
Power-Supply Rejection Ratio±4.5V to ±5.5V, DC measurement5064dB
Analog Input Current±0.1±10nA
Output Leakage Current
Internal Amplifier Load Resistor
(LOAD Pin = 5V)
Buffer Output Voltage SwingInternal load resistors on, no external load ±1.3V
Digital Input CurrentTA= T
Output Impedance at DC10Ω
Input Logic Low Threshold0.8V
Input Logic High Threshold2.4V
SER OUT Output Logic Low 0.4
SER OUT Output Logic High4
resistors on, no
external load,
V
= 0V to 1V
IN
TA= +25°C±7
TA= T
MIN
MIN
TA= +25°C3945
TA= T
MIN
TA= +25°C
TA= T
MIN
TA= T
MIN
Internal load resistors off, all buffers
off, TA= T
Additional capacitance for each output buffer connected to channel input
2pF
SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS (Note 1)
(Figure 4, V+ = 5.0V, V- = -5.0V, -1.3V ≤ VIN≤ +1.3V, LOAD = +5V, internal load resistors on, AGND = DGND = 0V,
TA = T
Note 1: Guaranteed by design.
Note 2: See
Note 3: 3dB typical crosstalk improvement when R
Note 4: Input test signal: 3.58MHz sine wave of amplitude 40IRE superimposed on a linear ramp (0 to 100IRE). IRE is a unit of
Note 1: Buffer inputs are internally grounded with a 1000 or 1001 command from the D3-D0 lines. AGND must be at 0.0V since the
gain setting resistors of the buffers are internally tied to AGND.
6, 8, 10, 13,
15, 17, 19, 21
28, 30, 32, 35,
37, 39, 41, 43
NAMEFUNCTION
Parallel Data Bit D1 when SER/P—A—R–= 0V. Serial Output for cascading
multiple parts when SER/P—A—R–= 5V.
Parallel Data Bit D0 when SER/P—A—R–= 0V. A Serial Input when
SER/P—A—R–= 5V.
IN0–IN7Video lnput Lines
Asynchronous control line. When LOAD = 1, all the 400Ω internal active
loads are on. When LOAD = 0, external 400Ω loads must be used. The
buffers MUST have a resistive load to maintain stability.
Digital Ground Pins. Both DGND pins must have the same potential and
be bypassed to AGND. DGND should be within ±0.3V of AGND.
When this control line is high, the 2nd-rank registers are loaded with the
rising edge of the LATCH line. If this control line is low, the 2nd-rank reg-
–
isters are transparant when LATCH is low, passing data directly from the
1st-rank registers to the decoders.
All V+ pins must be tied to each other and bypassed to AGND
separately (Figure 2).
–
5V = 32-Bit Serial, 0V = 7-Bit Parallel
Both V- pins must be tied to each other and bypassed to AGND
separately (Figure 2).
WRITE in the serial mode, shifts data in. In the parallel mode, WR loads
data into the 1st-rank registers. Data is latched on the rising edge.
If EDGE/–L—E—V—E—L–= 5V, data is loaded from the 1st-rank registers to the 2nd-
rank registers on the rising edge of LATCH. If EDGE/–L—E—V—E—L–= 0V, data is
loaded while LATCH = 0V. In addition, data is loaded during the execution
of parallel-mode functions 1011 through 1110, or if LATCH = 5V during the
execution of the parallel-mode "software-LATCH" command (1111).
–
OUT7-OUT0Output Buffers 7-0 (Note 1)
–C—h—i—p— —E—n—a—b—l—e–
Chip Enable. When –C—E–= 0V and CE = 5V, the WR line is enabled.
Analog Ground must be at 0.0V since the gain resistors of the buffers are
tied to these 3 pins.
Parallel Data Bit D3 when SER/ –P—A—R–= 0V. When D3 = 0V, D0-D2 specifies
the input channel to be connected to buffer. When D3 = 5V, then D0-D2
specify control codes. D3 is not used when SER/–P—A—R–= 5V.
Parallel Data Bit D2 when SER/–P—A—R–= 0V. Not used when
SER/–P—A—R–= 5V.
. When–C—E–= 0V and CE = 5V, the WR line is enabled.
The MAX456 video crosspoint switch consists of 64
T-switches in an 8 x 8 grid (Figure 1). The 8 matrix outputs are followed by 8 wideband buffers optimized for
driving 400Ω and 20pF loads. Each buffer has an
internal active load on the output that can be readily
shut off via the LOAD input (off when LOAD = 0V). The
shut-off is useful when two or more MAX456 circuits are
connected in parallel to create more input channels.
With more input channels, only one set of buffers can
be active and only one set of loads can be driven.
And, when active, the buffer must have either
1) an internal load, 2) the internal load of another buffer
in another MAX456, or 3) an external load.
Each MAX456 output can be disabled under logic control. When a buffer is disabled, its output enters a highimpedance state. In multichip parallel applications, the
disable function prevents inactive outputs from loading
lines driven by other devices. Disabling the inactive
buffers reduces power consumption.
The MAX456 outputs connect easily to MAX470 quad,
gain-of-two buffers when 75Ω loads must be driven.
Power-On RESET
The MAX456 has an internal power-on reset (POR) circuit that remains low for 5µs when power is applied.
POR also remains low if the total supply voltage is less
than 4V. The POR disables all buffer outputs atpower-up, but the switch matrix is not preset to any initial condition. The desired switch state should be programmed before the buffer outputs are enabled.
___________________Digital Interface
The desired switch state can be loaded in a 7-bit parallel-interface mode or 32-bit serial-interface mode (see
Table 3 and Figures 4-6). All action associated with the
WR line occurs on its rising edge. The same is true for
the LATCH line if EDGE/–L—E—V—E—L–is high. Otherwise, the
second-rank registers update while LATCH is low
(when EDGE/–L—E—V—E—L–is low). WR is logically ANDed with
CE and –C—E–to allow active-high or active-low chip
enable.
7-Bit Parallel Mode
In the parallel-interface mode, the 7 data bits A2-A0
and D3-D0 specify an output channel (A2-A0) and the
input channel to which it connects (D3-D0). The data is
loaded on the rising edge of WR. The 8 input channels
are selected by 0000 through 0111 (D3-D0). The
remaining 8 codes (1000-1111) control other MAX456
functions, as listed in Table 1.
32-Bit Serial-Interface Mode
In serial mode (SER/–P—A—R–= high), all first-rank registers
are loaded with data, making it unnecessary to specify
an output address (A2, A1, A0). The input data format
is D3-D0, starting with OUT0 and ending with OUT7 for
32 total bits. Only codes 0000 through 1010 are valid.
Code 1010 disables a buffer, while code 1001 enables
it. After data is shifted into the 32-bit first-rank register,
it is transferred to the second rank by the LATCH line
(see Table 2).
0000 to 0111Connect the buffer selected by A2-A0 to the input channel selected by D3-D0.
MAX456
1000
1011Shut off the buffer selected by A2-A0, and retain 2nd-rank contents.
Selects
Output
Buffer,
OUT0
to
OUT7
Table 2. Serial-Interface Mode Functions
D3-D0FUNCTION
1100Turn on the buffer selected by A2-A0, or restore the previously connected channel.
1101Turn off all buffers, or leave 2nd-rank registers unchanged.
1110Turn on all buffers, or restore the previously connected channels.
1111
1001 and 1010
Connect the buffer selected by A2-A0 to DGND. Note, if the buffer output is on, its output
is its offset voltage.
Send a pulse to the 2nd-rank registers to load them with the contents of the 1st-rank
registers. When latch is held high, this "software-LATCH" command performs the same
function as pulsing LATCH low.
Do not use these codes in the parallel-interface mode. These codes are for the serialinterface mode only.
Connect the selected buffer to the input
channel selected by D3-D0.
Connect the input of the selected buffer to
GND. Note, if the buffer output remains
on, its input is its offset voltage.
Turn on the selected buffer and connect
its input to GND. Use this code to turn on
buffers after power is applied. The default
power-up state is all buffers disabled.
Shut off the selected buffer at the specified channel, and erase data stored in the
2nd rank of registers. The 2nd rank now
holds the command word 1010.
Do not use these codes in the serial-interface mode. They inhibit the latching of the
2nd-rank registers, which prevents proper
data loading.
Figure 2 shows a typical application of the MAX456 with
MAX470 quad, gain-of-two buffers at the outputs to
drive 75Ω loads. This application shows the MAX456
digital-switch control interface set up in the 7-bit parallel mode. The MAX456 uses 7 data lines and 2 control
lines (WR and LATCH). Two additional lines may be
MAX456
needed to control CE and LOAD when using multiple
MAX456s.
The input/output information is presented to the chip at
A2-A0 and D3-D0 by a parallel printer port. The data is
stored in the 1st-rank registers on the rising edge of
WR. When the LATCH line goes high, the switch configuration is loaded into the 2nd-rank registers, and all 8
outputs enter the new configuration at the same time.
CHANNELS
14
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
8-INPUT
VIDEO
DB-25
5
IN0
7
IN1
9
IN2
11
IN3
13
IN4
15
IN5
17
IN6
19
IN7
22
21
2
1
38
36
6
4
3
LATCH
WR
D0/SER IN
D1/SER OUT
D2
D3
A0
A1
A2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
MAX456
EDGE/LEVEL
OUT0
OUT1
OUT2
OUT3
OUT4
OUT5
OUT6
OUT7
LOAD
AGND
DGND
SER/PAR
CE
CE
V+
V+
V+
VV-
39
37
35
33
31
29
27
25
24
14
8
40
26
28, 30, 32
10, 12
20
34
23
18
16
Each 7-bit word updates only one output buffer at a
time. If several buffers are to be updated, the data is
individually loaded into the 1st-rank registers. Then, a
single LATCH pulse is used to reconfigure all channels
simultaneously.
The short Basic program in Figure 3 loads programming
data into the MAX456 from any IBM PC or compatible.
It uses the computer’s “LPT1” output to interface to the
circuit, then automatically finds the address for LPT1
and displays a table of valid input values to be used.
The program does not keep track of previous commands, but it does display the last data sent to LPT1,
which is written and latched with each transmission.
Note 1:Connect LOAD (pin 8) to +5V (internal 400Ω loads on at all outputs).
Note 2:Program any one input to connect to any one output (see Table 1 or 2 for programming codes).
Note 3:Turn on buffer at the selected output (see Table 1 or 2).
Note 4:Drive the selected input with V
Note 5:Program each numbered input to connect to the same numbered output (IN0 to OUT0, IN1 to OUT1, etc.).
, and measure V
IN
at the -3dB frequency at the selected output.
OUT
See Table 1 or 2 for programming codes.
Note 6:Turn off all output buffers (see Table 1 or 2).
Note 7:Drive all inputs with V
Note 8:Isolation (in dB) = 20log
Note 9:Turn on all output buffers (see Table 1 or 2).
Note 10: Drive any one input with V
Note 11: Crosstalk (in dB) = 20log
Note 12: Drive all but one input with V
40 Plastic DIP-40°C to +85°CMAX456EPL
44 PLCC-40°C to +85°CMAX456EQH
40 CERDIP -40°C to +85°CMAX456EJL
39
OUT2
38
V-
37
OUT3
36
AGND
35
OUT4
34
N.C.
33
AGND
32
OUT5
31
AGND
30
OUT6
29
V+
___________________Chip Topography
IN5
EDGE/LEVEL
IN4
DGND
IN2
LOAD
IN1
OUT3
AGND
V-
AO
OUT2
IN0
A1
A2
D0/SER IN
D1/SER OUT
V+
OUT0
D2
OUT1
D3
0.167"
(4.242mm)
SER/PAR
LATCH
OUT7
V+
IN6
IN7
WR
CE
CE
DGND
IN3
V-
V+
OUT5
OUT6
OUT4
AGND
AGND
0.184"
(4.674mm)
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 3820;
SUBSTRATE CONNECTED TO V+.
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are
implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
12
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